Degree: phd ❌
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University of Greenwich
1.
Tavakolikhou, Mehdi.
A knowledge sharing framework to support rapid prototyping in collaborative automotive supply chain.
Degree: phd, School of Engineering, 2013, University of Greenwich
URL: http://gala.gre.ac.uk/10213/ 
► In today’s global economy, competition is increasingly driven by a high rate of product renewal. In this context, with market demands for the development of…
(more)
▼ In today’s global economy, competition is increasingly driven by a high rate of product renewal. In this context, with market demands for the development of high quality products at lower costs, highly customisable and with short life cycles, new technologies have been adopted by the automotive manufacturers in the move away from a local economy towards the global economy. The continuous evolution of this technology often requires the updating and integration of existing systems within new environments, in order to avoid technological obsolescence. To allow companies to compete in the global market, they (the companies) can no longer be seen acting as standalone entities and are having to reconsider their organisational and operational structure. This thesis presents a Knowledge Sharing Framework Design Roadmap to support rapid prototyping in the automotive and collaborative supply chain. IranKhodro Diesel (IKD) is the automotive company and CarGlass Company (Iran) is the supplier and sponsor of this research study. These two companies will be used to develop and test the Knowledge Sharing Framework Design Roadmap (KSFDR) methodology.
An industrially based case study was conducted in IKD and CarGlass to identify key elements in the Knowledge Sharing Framework and provide the focus for this study. The study itself drew on empirical sources of data, including interviews with IKD personnel via an internal company survey. The absence of mechanisms to make information accessible in a multilingual environment and its dissemination to geographically dispersed NPD project team members was identified along with the lack of explicit information about the knowledge used and generated to support first stage rapid prototyping in the product development process with respect to reduction of costs and lead times.
The Knowledge Sharing Framework Design Roadmap was tested between IKD and CarGlass. The business objectives in both IKD and CarGlass are the main drivers of knowledge system development. The main novel point from this research study is that this particular framework can be used to capture and disseminate information and knowledge. This was supported by positive feedback from a series of interviews with NPD practitioners. The Knowledge Sharing Framework Design Roadmap (KSFDR) methodology, however, can also be applied in other manufacturing and business environments. Further testing of the framework is strongly advised to minimise any minor flaws, which remain.
Subjects/Keywords: TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics
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APA (6th Edition):
Tavakolikhou, M. (2013). A knowledge sharing framework to support rapid prototyping in collaborative automotive supply chain. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Greenwich. Retrieved from http://gala.gre.ac.uk/10213/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tavakolikhou, Mehdi. “A knowledge sharing framework to support rapid prototyping in collaborative automotive supply chain.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Greenwich. Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://gala.gre.ac.uk/10213/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tavakolikhou, Mehdi. “A knowledge sharing framework to support rapid prototyping in collaborative automotive supply chain.” 2013. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Tavakolikhou M. A knowledge sharing framework to support rapid prototyping in collaborative automotive supply chain. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Greenwich; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://gala.gre.ac.uk/10213/.
Council of Science Editors:
Tavakolikhou M. A knowledge sharing framework to support rapid prototyping in collaborative automotive supply chain. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Greenwich; 2013. Available from: http://gala.gre.ac.uk/10213/
University of Greenwich
2.
Bello, Lawal.
Power conservation and performance analysis of mobile ad hoc wireless networks.
Degree: phd, School of Engineering, 2013, University of Greenwich
URL: http://gala.gre.ac.uk/10211/
► Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) have emerged as a new systems and the most promising fields for research and development of wireless network. As the popularity…
(more)
▼ Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) have emerged as a new systems and the most promising fields for research and development of wireless network. As the popularity of mobile device and wireless networks significantly increased over the past years, MANET has now become one of the most vibrant and active field of communication and networks. Due to severe challenges such as the open medium, unpredicted mobility of mobile nodes, distributed and cooperative communication and inherently constrained capabilities, which manifest exhaustible sources of power. Due to the increasing demand for high-speed data services, the limited and high cost of licensed, and the future MANETs are expected to be operating at frequencies greater than 2 GHz and most of the research work in the area has been done in the frequency range of 1-2 GHz.
In this thesis, a power conservation model is proposed. The proposed model is based on the conventional on-demand ad hoc routing protocols with the addition of a power model without incurring additional complexity on the existing MANET characteristics. The mobile nodes are able to computes their power their power status adaptively to decide if they are fit for packet forwarding and reception. The research illustrates the power conserving behaviour of the new technique using an analytical approach and also by computer simulations. The results have shown that power savings of more than 15% were achieved with not much delay in the network. The performance of the routing protocols in the presence of ambient noise in the network was analyzed as well as the sensitivity of MAANETs at a carrier frequencies above 2 GHz using the free space and two slope path loss model. Results show that at carrier frequency greater than 2 GHz the break point distance affects the throughput performance of the network, whilst at frequency less than 2 GHz, the throughput performance for the free space and two slope model was the same.
Subjects/Keywords: QA Mathematics; TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics
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APA (6th Edition):
Bello, L. (2013). Power conservation and performance analysis of mobile ad hoc wireless networks. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Greenwich. Retrieved from http://gala.gre.ac.uk/10211/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bello, Lawal. “Power conservation and performance analysis of mobile ad hoc wireless networks.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Greenwich. Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://gala.gre.ac.uk/10211/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bello, Lawal. “Power conservation and performance analysis of mobile ad hoc wireless networks.” 2013. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Bello L. Power conservation and performance analysis of mobile ad hoc wireless networks. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Greenwich; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://gala.gre.ac.uk/10211/.
Council of Science Editors:
Bello L. Power conservation and performance analysis of mobile ad hoc wireless networks. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Greenwich; 2013. Available from: http://gala.gre.ac.uk/10211/
London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
3.
Kessler, Louise.
Essays on the economic implications of climate change uncertainties.
Degree: phd, 2017, London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3723/
► This thesis investigates the economic implications of climate change uncertainties. It seeks to contribute to the existing literature by exploring various aspects of how uncertainty…
(more)
▼ This thesis investigates the economic implications of climate change uncertainties. It seeks to contribute to the existing literature by exploring various aspects of how uncertainty can and should be integrated in economic assessments of climate impacts and what this entails for policy-making.
For several reasons, including analytical tractability and the difficulties of accommodating uncertainty in individual and social decision-making, the full scale of climate change uncertainties is often artificially reduced in economic assessments of climate change, e.g. through the use of best estimates, averages or mid-point scenarios. However, the impacts of future climate change on humankind are highly uncertain and require full investigation. The approach taken in this thesis has therefore been to ask new questions related to the economic implications of climate change uncertainties and to address each problem using innovative methods, which allow a more accurate characterization of the uncertainties at stake and of their potential interactions.
This thesis comprises four standalone chapters (Chapter 2 to 5). The first chapter (Chapter 2) investigates how uncertainty about the benefits of climate mitigation, about future economic growth and about the relationship between these uncertainties affects the rate at which we should discount the benefits of reducing greenhouse gas emissions today. The second chapter (Chapter 3) examines the impact of including the permafrost carbon feedback in the DICE Integrated Assessment Model on the social cost of carbon and on the optimal global mitigation policy. Whereas the first two chapters rely on the use of an Integrated Assessment Model, the final two chapters are based on econometric methods applied to weather and climate variables. The third chapter (Chapter 4) explores the impacts of droughts on regional economic growth in the United States. The last chapter (Chapter 5) examines the implications of temperature on inflation and central banks’ policy interest rates.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Kessler, L. (2017). Essays on the economic implications of climate change uncertainties. (Doctoral Dissertation). London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3723/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kessler, Louise. “Essays on the economic implications of climate change uncertainties.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3723/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kessler, Louise. “Essays on the economic implications of climate change uncertainties.” 2017. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Kessler L. Essays on the economic implications of climate change uncertainties. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3723/.
Council of Science Editors:
Kessler L. Essays on the economic implications of climate change uncertainties. [Doctoral Dissertation]. London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2017. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3723/
University of Brighton
4.
Holm, R.A.
The Structure of chalk grassland communities and the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
Degree: phd, School of Environment and Technology, 2011, University of Brighton
URL: http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/12275/
► Semi-natural chalk grassland is an internationally important habitat characterised by high species richness at a fine scale. In both the United Kingdom and other European…
(more)
▼ Semi-natural chalk grassland is an internationally important habitat characterised by high species richness at a fine scale. In both the United Kingdom and other European Countries however, significant areas of chalk grassland have been lost to intensive agriculture practices. In the United Kingdom, conservation and expansion of existing chalk grassland sites has become a high priority. Research that leads to a better understanding of the processes that structure chalk grassland communities may aid these objectives.
A number of field trials have been conducted to examine the role of grazing in structuring grassland plant communities, but the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)/plant symbiosis has received less attention. In this research project the structure (presence and abundance of species) of chalk grassland communities growing on the South Downs in the United Kingdom is defined. This is achieved by detailed analysis of extensive plant survey data collected in 1991. Analysis revealed strong patterns relating to species presence and abundance in the chalk grassland communities. In particular evidence of „nestedness‟ and a frequency abundance relationship was found. From these patterns it was deduced that AMF/ plant symbiosis may have a significant role in structuring chalk grassland communities.
Subjects/Keywords: F850 Environmental Sciences
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Holm, R. A. (2011). The Structure of chalk grassland communities and the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Brighton. Retrieved from http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/12275/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Holm, R A. “The Structure of chalk grassland communities and the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Brighton. Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/12275/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Holm, R A. “The Structure of chalk grassland communities and the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.” 2011. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Holm RA. The Structure of chalk grassland communities and the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Brighton; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/12275/.
Council of Science Editors:
Holm RA. The Structure of chalk grassland communities and the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Brighton; 2011. Available from: http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/12275/
University of Brighton
5.
Onwubuya, K.
Sustainable remediation: designing a
decision support tool for the selection of
'gentle' remediation approaches.
Degree: phd, School of Environment and Technology, 2013, University of Brighton
URL: http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/12365/
► A range of tools have been proposed to support decision making in contaminated land remediation (collectively referred to as Decision Support Tools or DSTs). From…
(more)
▼ A range of tools have been proposed to support decision making in contaminated land remediation (collectively referred to as Decision Support Tools or DSTs). From a European perspective it is clear, however, that there are considerable national differences in the decision support process, and more generally in the extent to which
this process supports the selection of less invasive, alternative and potentially more sustainable remediation options such as phytoremediation, in situ immobilisation etc.
(referred to here as “gentle” remediation technologies or options). This thesis critically reviews available DSTs in terms of their fitness for purpose for the application of “gentle” remediation technologies, using published literature and data from two stakeholder surveys: the first from a European perspective (completed in the European Union ERANET SNOWMAN project SUMATECS (Sustainable Management of Trace Element Contaminated Sites)) (sample size of 130) and the
second focused on contaminated land consultants and managers in the UK (sample size of 71). In general stakeholder feedback from both surveys indicates a lack of knowledge of currently available DSTs and the requirement for a simple DST using a tiered approach that can be integrated into an existing national framework.
Subjects/Keywords: F850 Environmental Sciences
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Onwubuya, K. (2013). Sustainable remediation: designing a
decision support tool for the selection of
'gentle' remediation approaches. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Brighton. Retrieved from http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/12365/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Onwubuya, K. “Sustainable remediation: designing a
decision support tool for the selection of
'gentle' remediation approaches.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Brighton. Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/12365/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Onwubuya, K. “Sustainable remediation: designing a
decision support tool for the selection of
'gentle' remediation approaches.” 2013. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Onwubuya K. Sustainable remediation: designing a
decision support tool for the selection of
'gentle' remediation approaches. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Brighton; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/12365/.
Council of Science Editors:
Onwubuya K. Sustainable remediation: designing a
decision support tool for the selection of
'gentle' remediation approaches. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Brighton; 2013. Available from: http://eprints.brighton.ac.uk/12365/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
6.
Moniruzzaman, Shaikh.
Climate change adaptation and recovery from climate hazards: microeconometric evidence from rural Bangladesh.
Degree: phd, 2017, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3682/
► This thesis addresses two important issues of environmental and resource economics: how agricultural households adapt to climate change (CC) and how the households recover from…
(more)
▼ This thesis addresses two important issues of environmental and resource economics: how agricultural households adapt to climate change (CC) and how the households recover from climate hazards. Chapter 1 attempts to enunciate the perspective of the overall research and the rationale for researching on Bangladesh. It summarizes the global evidences of CC and disaster, their impacts, vulnerabilities in agriculture sector, significance of adaptation and poverty impact of disaster. Chapter 2 examines whether crop choice is affected by CC and the extent to which households switch their crops in response to the CC scenarios. It finds that crop choice is climate-sensitive and a shift in crop choices will take place in Bangladesh in response to CC scenarios. This research also finds that crop choice will be more sensitive to change in temperature than change in rainfall. Chapter 3 examines the effect of CC on crop diversification and the households’ response to CC scenarios. It finds that crop diversity is climate sensitive and this diversity in different locations varies with climatic conditions. Effects of rainfall scenarios on crop diversity are much lower compared to the effects of temperature. Chapter 4 investigates the impact of cyclone on consumption and income dynamics in a quasi-experimental setting and finds that low income people are more sensitive of their asset loss to income generation compared to the high income people, and disaster causes income loss, but, people show their resilience in accelerating higher income growth compared to the non-affected areas. Chapter 5 examines poverty group dynamics in the post-shock period and the existence of a poverty trap in the cyclone affected coastal region of Bangladesh. It finds that asset loss or asset holding impacts the dynamism of the poverty groups and poverty traps exists at low levels of income in the disaster affected areas compared to the unaffected areas.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Moniruzzaman, S. (2017). Climate change adaptation and recovery from climate hazards: microeconometric evidence from rural Bangladesh. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3682/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Moniruzzaman, Shaikh. “Climate change adaptation and recovery from climate hazards: microeconometric evidence from rural Bangladesh.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3682/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Moniruzzaman, Shaikh. “Climate change adaptation and recovery from climate hazards: microeconometric evidence from rural Bangladesh.” 2017. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Moniruzzaman S. Climate change adaptation and recovery from climate hazards: microeconometric evidence from rural Bangladesh. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3682/.
Council of Science Editors:
Moniruzzaman S. Climate change adaptation and recovery from climate hazards: microeconometric evidence from rural Bangladesh. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2017. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3682/
7.
de Lima, Marcelo Rocha.
Non-market valuation for environmental and health policy in Mexico.
Degree: phd, 2016, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3424/
► This thesis contains five studies that make use of non-market valuation techniques and of data collected in Mexico to make methodological and policy contributions to…
(more)
▼ This thesis contains five studies that make use of non-market valuation techniques and of data collected in Mexico to make methodological and policy contributions to the field. In the order that they are presented in the thesis these are:
* a contingent valuation study, based on data collected face-to-face of a representative sample of the population of Mexico City, to calculate a value of statistical life for Mexico and make an assessment of whether the benefit-transfer values that have been and continue to be used in the country are appropriate for policy-making;
* a study that uses data collected online on whether the type of organisation sponsoring a contingent valuation survey affects the amount participants say they are willing to pay for the good being valued (in this case mortality risk reductions), all else equal;
* a study that uses the same dataset to consider the relationship between trust in institutions and other forms of social capital and contingent valuation results;
* an hedonic pricing analysis that makes use of several datasets (including high-resolution property data that is not in the public domain) and seeks to improve on previous attempts at applying this method in a developing country context (jointly using spatial econometrics and an instrumental variables approach); and
* a short study on whether there is a relationship between air quality, social capital and subjective wellbeing in Mexico City.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
de Lima, M. R. (2016). Non-market valuation for environmental and health policy in Mexico. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3424/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
de Lima, Marcelo Rocha. “Non-market valuation for environmental and health policy in Mexico.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3424/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
de Lima, Marcelo Rocha. “Non-market valuation for environmental and health policy in Mexico.” 2016. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
de Lima MR. Non-market valuation for environmental and health policy in Mexico. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3424/.
Council of Science Editors:
de Lima MR. Non-market valuation for environmental and health policy in Mexico. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3424/
8.
Nachmany, Michal.
The micro-dynamics of environmental policy diffusion: conditions, motivations, and mechanisms.
Degree: phd, 2016, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3466/
► This thesis contributes to the scholarship on policy diffusion in general, and on environmental policy diffusion in particular, by unpicking the drivers of different diffusion…
(more)
▼ This thesis contributes to the scholarship on policy diffusion in general, and on environmental policy diffusion in particular, by unpicking the drivers of different diffusion mechanisms. Its overarching aim is to investigate the motivational dynamics influencing environmental policymaking at the fuzzy, understudied, pre-legislative stage. The thesis comprises four standalone papers: The first paper (Chapter 2) examines policymakers’ motivations to engage with the climate change mitigation agenda based on a case study of Israeli climate change mitigation policy. It suggests that Israel’s engagement with the climate change mitigation agenda, displaying an evident pattern of diffusion by emulating developed countries, is significantly motivated by considerations of internal, rather than external, legitimacy, contrary to expectations. The second paper (Chapter 3) makes theoretical advancements in recognising issue attributes as explanatory factors for the different mechanisms of policy diffusion, addressing an acknowledged gap in the literature. The third paper (Chapter 4) is an empirical application of the issue attributes model introduced in Chapter 3; the concept is applied to three diffusion processes of environmental issues in Israel: climate change, air pollution, and waste, analysing the differences in the attributes of these three issues, and subsequently, the differences in diffusion mechanisms in practice. The fourth paper (Chapter 5) investigates GLOBE International, a previously unstudied network of legislators committed to advancing climate change legislation. Its main findings show that GLOBE facilitates a mechanism of policy and political learning, but perhaps more interestingly, generates network-enabled emotional energy and esprit de corps among its members, which has helped to motivate and sustain climate action by legislators. The thesis takes a qualitative, microlevel approach, utilising data from 64 interviews with policy actors from 21 countries, as well supporting textual sources, thus contributing to the qualitative knowledge base needed to support analytical aggregations on policy diffusion processes.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Nachmany, M. (2016). The micro-dynamics of environmental policy diffusion: conditions, motivations, and mechanisms. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3466/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nachmany, Michal. “The micro-dynamics of environmental policy diffusion: conditions, motivations, and mechanisms.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3466/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nachmany, Michal. “The micro-dynamics of environmental policy diffusion: conditions, motivations, and mechanisms.” 2016. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Nachmany M. The micro-dynamics of environmental policy diffusion: conditions, motivations, and mechanisms. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3466/.
Council of Science Editors:
Nachmany M. The micro-dynamics of environmental policy diffusion: conditions, motivations, and mechanisms. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3466/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
9.
Kotsakis, Andreas.
The biological diversity complex: a history of environmental government.
Degree: phd, 2011, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/216/
► The thesis understands biodiversity as a complex consisting of a form of environmentalism, a mode of governance for the global South, and a set of…
(more)
▼ The thesis understands biodiversity as a complex consisting of a form of environmentalism, a mode of governance for the global South, and a set of policy prescriptions all mobilized by the guiding idea of ‘genetic gold,’ the belief that biodiversity possesses significant latent economic value. The thesis primarily analyses the historical origins of biodiversity and the formation of a rationality of governing centred on genetic gold, deploying tools and methods from the work of Michel Foucault. It further applies these insights into the examination of two specific regulatory mechanisms developed within this project of environmental governance: the mechanism for securing access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their utilisation, and local and indigenous community participation in biodiversity conservation and utilisation. The aim of this research is a dual critique. First, the unpacking of the complexity of the biodiversity concept and its integrative rendering of biodiversity loss as a governance problem constitutes a critique of environmental law’s enthusiastic acceptance and subsequent regulation of biodiversity as genetic gold. Secondly, the conception of a broader governance complex pervaded by non-legal forms of knowledge, expertise and practices challenges an international environmental law that continues to regard itself as the instrumental centre of environmental concern and discourse.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Kotsakis, A. (2011). The biological diversity complex: a history of environmental government. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/216/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kotsakis, Andreas. “The biological diversity complex: a history of environmental government.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/216/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kotsakis, Andreas. “The biological diversity complex: a history of environmental government.” 2011. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Kotsakis A. The biological diversity complex: a history of environmental government. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/216/.
Council of Science Editors:
Kotsakis A. The biological diversity complex: a history of environmental government. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2011. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/216/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
10.
Grover, David.
Knowledge in pollution-saving technological change.
Degree: phd, 2012, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/517/
► This thesis looks at the role that technical knowledge plays in the transition in industry away from pollution-intensive production methods. It uses econometric techniques and…
(more)
▼ This thesis looks at the role that technical knowledge plays in the transition in industry away from pollution-intensive production methods. It uses econometric techniques and qualitative analysis to test three aspects of the relationship between knowledge and pollution-saving technological change-related outcomes, all in the context of US industry, and all with respect to conventional pollutants. The first paper observes that the level of industrial environmental R&D spending steadily declined from the late 1970s onward. Employing an estimation model with industry fixed effects, the hypothesis is tested that this decline was the result of the conditioning effect of greater flexibility in the design of the environmental policy on the environmental regulatory burden born by industry. The second paper investigates the sources of the change in SO2 intensity of electricity production undergone by electric power plants under the SO2 cap and trade program. Mixed methods including quantile regression are used to compare the effect of frontier technical knowledge on the extent of change undergone, relative to the effect of knowledge
un-intensive techniques. The third paper investigates why a small number of inventions aimed at controlling pollution from automobiles turned out to be so much more technologically influential than the great majority of comparable inventions, which exerted very little technological influence at all. Negative binomial regression is used to test the effect of the composition of the stock of knowledge that the automobile companies brought to bear on the inventive process. These studies find that pollution-saving technological change is characterised more by the repurposing and adaptation of existing knowledge and by the churn among existing technologies, than by universal technological advance in dedicated environmental technologies. The implications for climate mitigation policy are discussed in the conclusions.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Grover, D. (2012). Knowledge in pollution-saving technological change. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/517/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Grover, David. “Knowledge in pollution-saving technological change.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/517/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Grover, David. “Knowledge in pollution-saving technological change.” 2012. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Grover D. Knowledge in pollution-saving technological change. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/517/.
Council of Science Editors:
Grover D. Knowledge in pollution-saving technological change. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2012. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/517/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
11.
Sato, Misato.
Carbon emissions and bilateral trade.
Degree: phd, 2012, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/797/
► International trade adds a thick layer of complexity to climate change mitigation efforts. Questions such as “Who is responsible for the emissions from China’s export…
(more)
▼ International trade adds a thick layer of complexity to climate change mitigation efforts. Questions such as “Who is responsible for the emissions from China’s export sectors?” and “Will
strengthening domestic climate policy measures lead to relocation of industry and emissions to
countries with lax regulation?” are intensely discussed, both in policy and academic circles.
Robust evidence on these issues remains limited, however. Many studies have quantified the
volumes of embodied carbon in international trade using complex models, but the results appear
very sensitive to the model specification, and conflicting results are reported across different
studies. Similarly, the evidence on trade impacts from emissions reduction policies has so far
relied largely on model simulations.
This thesis combines two strands of work. The first part focuses on embodied carbon quantification. It critically reviews and compares the results and methods of existing work then goes
on to conduct a first quantification exercise of global embodied carbon in bilateral trade at the
product level.
The second part measures the response of bilateral trade to industrial energy prices. It estimates
the effect of energy price differences on bilateral trade flows, using a panel dataset covering over
80% of global merchandise trade over 16 years. These estimations are used to infer the effect of
carbon price differences on trade.
The first part reveals a complex mapping of global embodied carbon flows, contrary to the
simplified picture portrayed by previous studies using aggregated models. Embodied carbon is
found to be particularly concentrated in certain products and in regional trade. It suggests that
rather viewing it as an Annex I vs non Annex I issue, grouping countries according to patterns
of production and consumption may be more relevant in discussions surrounding climate policy
and trade.
The second part of the thesis finds evidence that trade tends to develop more between countries
with different energy prices. However, this effect is small in magnitude and focused on a few
sectors. The findings suggest that measures to ’prevent’ carbon leakage may have limited impact
on most sectors, and should be targeted to those most likely to face adverse trade impacts.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Sato, M. (2012). Carbon emissions and bilateral trade. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/797/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sato, Misato. “Carbon emissions and bilateral trade.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/797/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sato, Misato. “Carbon emissions and bilateral trade.” 2012. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Sato M. Carbon emissions and bilateral trade. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/797/.
Council of Science Editors:
Sato M. Carbon emissions and bilateral trade. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2012. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/797/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
12.
Barr, Rhona.
Marine payments for environmental services in an artisanal fisheries context.
Degree: phd, 2012, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/861/
► The past decade has seen a growing interest in the application of the Payments for Environmental Services (PES) instrument, in part for its apparent ability…
(more)
▼ The past decade has seen a growing interest in the application of the Payments for Environmental Services (PES) instrument, in part for its apparent ability to alleviate
poverty and inspire sustainable environmental practices. More recently, PES programmes have been advocated for use within marine environments. However, concerns have been raised relating to their applicability in this context, e.g. ill-defined property rights and more fluid environmental services. Yet these issues have received little critical scrutiny. This thesis presents one of the first empirical analyses of the applicability of PES to the marine and coastal context, more specifically its suitability to small-scale artisanal fisheries. The first part of the thesis analyses expert opinions in order to identify what
opportunities and, indeed, what obstacles remain for PES more broadly in the marine environment. The second part delves a little deeper in order to identify those
determinants which can encourage adoption of marine PES within artisanal fishing communities are reported on, paying particular attention to those characteristics
important for low-income and vulnerable groups. In addition, the thesis investigates how PES adoption can be influenced by several key design parameters. Analyses are
based on primary data collected from six artisanal fishing villages in Mtwara, southern Tanzania.
The thesis presents a number of key findings. Firstly, evidence from expert elicitation suggests that the on-going concerns based on the nature of marine environmental
services pertaining to marine PES could be unjustified and solutions for their effective implementation are presented. At the supply-level, fishers’ gender and informal risk
mitigation strategies are shown to have significant associations with participation within marine PES and may influence the adoption of marine PES programmes within fishing communities. Moreover, whilst PES design can influence adoption, the initial transition away from current management practices can signify a larger utility cost and be met with resistance. The results have interesting implications for the successful application of marine PES schemes, particularly those hoping to target poor households. The findings are widely applicable due to a global dependence on coastal and marine resources and their continuing degradation.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Barr, R. (2012). Marine payments for environmental services in an artisanal fisheries context. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/861/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Barr, Rhona. “Marine payments for environmental services in an artisanal fisheries context.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/861/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Barr, Rhona. “Marine payments for environmental services in an artisanal fisheries context.” 2012. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Barr R. Marine payments for environmental services in an artisanal fisheries context. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/861/.
Council of Science Editors:
Barr R. Marine payments for environmental services in an artisanal fisheries context. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2012. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/861/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
13.
van der Linden, Sander.
The social-psychological determinants of climate change risk
perceptions, intentions and behaviours: a national study
.
Degree: phd, 2014, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/896/
► Although human-caused climate change is one of the greatest societal challenges of the 21st century, insights from social and environmental psychology remain underrepresented in the…
(more)
▼ Although human-caused climate change is one of the greatest societal challenges of the 21st century, insights from social and environmental psychology remain underrepresented in the mitigation debate. This is surprising given that the collective potential for reducing national carbon emissions through changes in individual lifestyles and behaviours has clearly been demonstrated. Accordingly, this PhD thesis aims to provide a more systematic and detailed understanding of individual mitigation behaviour. It does so specifically by examining the social-psychological determinants of climate change risk perceptions, intentions and behaviours using a longitudinal UK national survey (N = 808, wave 1) and (N = 501, wave 2).
In total, three separate analyses were conducted using the national survey data. In the first analysis (chapter 4), a social-psychological model of climate change risk perceptions is advanced. The model proposes that public risk perceptions of climate change are influenced by three key psychological dimensions, namely; (i) cognitive, (ii) experiential and (iii) socio-cultural factors. Results confirm the model’s validity and show that nearly 70% of the
variance in risk perception can be explained by the model’s components. Main findings also provide empirical support for a distinction between personal and societal risk judgements and highlight important differences in their psychological antecedents. The second analysis(chapter 5) specifically investigates the interrelation between personal experience with extreme weather, affect and risk perception and situates their conceptual relationship within the cognition-emotion debate. Results provide strong support for a dual-process model, where risk perception and affect mutually influence each other in a stable feedback system.
In the third analysis (chapter 6), a domain-context-behaviour (DCB) model is advanced. The purpose of the model is to causally conceptualize and systematically organize the social-psychological determinants of climate change mitigation behaviours. A key aspect of the DCB model is the notion that environmental values (i.e. the “domain”) and climate change cognitions, norms and emotions (i.e. the “context”) do not influence specific mitigation intentions and behaviours (e.g. energy conservation) directly. Rather, they influence a broad and general orienting intention to help reduce climate change. This general intention in turn
activates and predicts specific mitigation intentions directly as well as indirectly via behaviour-specific determinants. Important differences emerge between high-impact and low-impact behavioural changes. Overall, results from this thesis have important implications for public policy, risk communication and behavioural change interventions.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
van der Linden, S. (2014). The social-psychological determinants of climate change risk
perceptions, intentions and behaviours: a national study
. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/896/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
van der Linden, Sander. “The social-psychological determinants of climate change risk
perceptions, intentions and behaviours: a national study
.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/896/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
van der Linden, Sander. “The social-psychological determinants of climate change risk
perceptions, intentions and behaviours: a national study
.” 2014. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
van der Linden S. The social-psychological determinants of climate change risk
perceptions, intentions and behaviours: a national study
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/896/.
Council of Science Editors:
van der Linden S. The social-psychological determinants of climate change risk
perceptions, intentions and behaviours: a national study
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2014. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/896/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
14.
Lazaro Touza, Lara.
Sustainability criteria: compensation preferences and WTP to avoid future oil spills in Spain.
Degree: phd, 2010, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/902/
► This thesis explores the theoretical debate regarding the pursuit of weak versus strong sustainability (SS). It is argued that the choice between these paradigms needs…
(more)
▼ This thesis explores the theoretical debate regarding the pursuit of weak versus strong sustainability (SS). It is argued that the choice between these paradigms needs
better scientific information plus knowledge of citizen preferences in order to be resolved.
The novelty of this research lies in providing an empirical test of Aldred (2002) and Turner (2007) who claim that investment in social capital such as schools and hospitals may be an adequate compensation measure when environmental damages occur. Following Pearce et al. (2006) and Atkinson et al. (1997) the benefits of preserving natural capital are also analysed through a contingent valuation (CV) study
in which environmental damages of different sizes and consequences are depicted. The main research questions are: Are the views of elites and citizens as regards
sustainability similar? Do citizens exhibit strong sustainability preferences with regards to compensation schemes? Can the use of CV help substantiate the case for strong sustainability? These research questions are answered undertaking a mixed methodological approach. Elite interviews, focus groups and a survey explore expert
and non-expert views on sustainability. Statistical analyses confirm Aldred’s (2002) and Turner’s (2007) claim. However, a significant number of respondents choose natural capital as the preferred compensation option. Multinomial logit models used show the main characteristics that determine the likelihood of choosing a given compensation option. Answers to the compensation question leads to the expectation that respondents to the valuation question will pay significantly more to avoid larger environmental damages. This expectation is confirmed by the statistical analyses undertaken. Interval data models provide information on the variables that determine willingness to pay. The results are encouraging as they signal scope sensitivity but doubts remain over whether CV can adequately capture preferences when evaluating environmental losses as willingness
to pay amounts are not proportional to the damages described.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Lazaro Touza, L. (2010). Sustainability criteria: compensation preferences and WTP to avoid future oil spills in Spain. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/902/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lazaro Touza, Lara. “Sustainability criteria: compensation preferences and WTP to avoid future oil spills in Spain.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/902/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lazaro Touza, Lara. “Sustainability criteria: compensation preferences and WTP to avoid future oil spills in Spain.” 2010. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Lazaro Touza L. Sustainability criteria: compensation preferences and WTP to avoid future oil spills in Spain. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/902/.
Council of Science Editors:
Lazaro Touza L. Sustainability criteria: compensation preferences and WTP to avoid future oil spills in Spain. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2010. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/902/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
15.
Laing, Timothy.
Assessing the impact of institutional conditions upon REDD+
.
Degree: phd, 2014, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1024/
► This thesis investigates the role that institutional conditions have on policy for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) by applying a New Institutional…
(more)
▼ This thesis investigates the role that institutional conditions have on policy for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) by applying a New Institutional Economics perspective and a multimethodological approach. It focuses on three specific institutional conditions: property rights, governance and politics, and applies theoretical and empirical techniques. A single case study of Guyana’s innovative REDD+ programme is used for empirical analysis.
The thesis provides contributions to normative and evaluative REDD+ literature, especially with regard to early assessments of the design, impacts and effectiveness of national-level REDD+. It makes subsidiary contributions in the areas of small-scale mining, policy design under political influence and environmental governance.
Through analytical modelling the thesis finds that design of REDD+ is significantly altered when placed in a general equilibrium setting, along with when political influence is included. Econometric analysis of a unique data-set from Guyana shows effects from electoral cycles on the holding of property rights relating to the main driver of deforestation, mining, along with the introduction of REDD+. Qualitative analysis of interviews and media sources highlight that governance of REDD+ in Guyana has remained predominantly state-centric, with only some evidence that multi-actor, multilevel governance has emerged. Issues such as capacity, political will, electioneering, the retained control of finance by donors and the introduction of complicated systems of safeguards have all affected the emergence of ‘pure’ REDD+ in Guyana.
The thesis provides key conclusions on the importance of a cognisance of the institutional landscape on which REDD+ is to be implemented. Including such an institutional perspective raises questions over the perceived cheapness of REDD+ as a mitigation option. It offers guidance for the design and implementation of national level REDD+ policy and highlights the need for a differentiated approach to REDD+, factoring in the relevant institutional conditions prevalent in each jurisdiction.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Laing, T. (2014). Assessing the impact of institutional conditions upon REDD+
. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1024/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Laing, Timothy. “Assessing the impact of institutional conditions upon REDD+
.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1024/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Laing, Timothy. “Assessing the impact of institutional conditions upon REDD+
.” 2014. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Laing T. Assessing the impact of institutional conditions upon REDD+
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1024/.
Council of Science Editors:
Laing T. Assessing the impact of institutional conditions upon REDD+
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2014. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1024/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
16.
Collins, Murray.
Quantifying environmental indicators and assessing
performance in tropical forest management.
Degree: phd, 2015, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3073/
► Tropical forests are being cleared rapidly, causing between 12 and 20% of all anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This process drives climate change and biodiversity loss. A…
(more)
▼ Tropical forests are being cleared rapidly, causing between 12 and 20% of all anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This process drives climate change and biodiversity loss. A new mechanism called REDD+ is being developed to pay tropical forest countries to reduce deforestation, and thereby to reduce these negative externalities. To be able to do this, maps of forest carbon stocks and change are fundamental. Policy impact analysis is essential too since REDD+ payments are performance-based. Quantify-
ing biodiversity benefits of REDD+ is important too for carbon credit buyers. This thesis addresses these needs on Sumatra. As of 2007, a 7.2Mha study area holds 503 x 10 6 Mg of forest biomass, with the largest stocks in protected and production forests. Other land classes have much lower biomass, suggesting legally exploitable forests are already depleted. What forest remains is being cleared rapidly. Between 2007 and 2009, 229 x 103 ha of forest were cleared, a rate of 1.6% yr−1, and loss
of >6% of the 2007 forest biomass, creating emissions of 58 ±12.1 x 10 110 6 Mg CO2e. Yet the deforestation is not uniform. On average protected forests reduce deforestation. However at the extreme, one protected forest area had virtually no forest remaining at all by 2007. By contrast the Berbak Carbon Initiative REDD+ pilot project has significant stocks (34.7 ± 17.3 ±3.5 x 106 Mg forest carbon; 380 x 106 Mg peat carbon). It also supports a population of critically endangered Sumatran tigers (occupancy Ψ=0.14; 95% CI= 0.05:0.33). The project developers hope to conserve tigers and carbon simultaneously. However, following the first year of project activities, compared against control sites, deforestation appears to have increased.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Collins, M. (2015). Quantifying environmental indicators and assessing
performance in tropical forest management. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3073/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Collins, Murray. “Quantifying environmental indicators and assessing
performance in tropical forest management.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3073/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Collins, Murray. “Quantifying environmental indicators and assessing
performance in tropical forest management.” 2015. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Collins M. Quantifying environmental indicators and assessing
performance in tropical forest management. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3073/.
Council of Science Editors:
Collins M. Quantifying environmental indicators and assessing
performance in tropical forest management. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2015. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3073/
London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
17.
Rietig, Katharina.
Learning in governance: the role of policy entrepreneurs in European climate policy integration.
Degree: phd, 2014, London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3121/
► Learning is frequently regarded as facilitating factor for policy outcomes across multiple levels of governance. Learning however competes with alternative explanations such as bargaining, actor’s…
(more)
▼ Learning is frequently regarded as facilitating factor for policy outcomes across multiple levels of governance. Learning however competes with alternative explanations such as bargaining, actor’s interests and organisational objectives. This thesis examines from an institutional perspective the link between individual learning of policymakers and learning among governmental institutions and analyses to what extent learning matters for the policy outcome. It finds that policy entrepreneurs play a key role in transferring learning to the organisational level and in achieving policy outcomes.
The empirical focus is on learning in climate policy integration, which carries increasing importance for effective environmental governance as it can help create synergies for economic development and climate mitigation. The European Union is a frontrunner in integrating climate objectives into energy, transport and agriculture policy via regulatory instruments setting overall targets and conditioning financial resources upon compliance. This thesis uses qualitative methods to examine learning in the policymaking aspects of climate policy integration at the examples of the Renewable Energy Directive, its controversial biofuels component and the greening measures in the Common Agricultural Policy.
This research makes several original contributions to the agency aspects of environmental governance: the meta-theoretical framework on learning allows a more nuanced analysis of what learning aspects occur in governance such as knowledge- and experience-based learning versus changes in different types of underlying beliefs. It also allows determining the extent to which a policy outcome results from learning or alternative explanations. This contribution clarifies the under-researched link between the learning individual, changes in beliefs and the factors hindering learning from being transferred to the organisational level where policy decisions are made. Policy outcomes resulted predominantly from policy entrepreneurs using previously acquired knowledge and experience to achieve a policy outcome aligned with their pre-formed deeper beliefs and policy objectives. Overall, the thesis provides a fresh perspective on the relevance of learning in the policymaking process and of bureaucrats as policy entrepreneurs.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Rietig, K. (2014). Learning in governance: the role of policy entrepreneurs in European climate policy integration. (Doctoral Dissertation). London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3121/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rietig, Katharina. “Learning in governance: the role of policy entrepreneurs in European climate policy integration.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3121/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rietig, Katharina. “Learning in governance: the role of policy entrepreneurs in European climate policy integration.” 2014. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Rietig K. Learning in governance: the role of policy entrepreneurs in European climate policy integration. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3121/.
Council of Science Editors:
Rietig K. Learning in governance: the role of policy entrepreneurs in European climate policy integration. [Doctoral Dissertation]. London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2014. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3121/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
18.
Sharman, Amelia.
Climate change as a knowledge controversy: investigating debates over science and policy.
Degree: phd, 2015, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3239/
► Understanding climate change as a knowledge controversy, this thesis provides new insights into the form, value and impact of the climate change debate on science…
(more)
▼ Understanding climate change as a knowledge controversy, this thesis provides new insights into the form, value and impact of the climate change debate on science and policy processes. Based on 99 interviews in New Zealand and the United Kingdom as well as social network analysis, it provides an original contribution to knowledge by identifying previously unknown sites of knowledge contestation within the climate change debate, in addition to contributory factors, and potential solutions to, debate polarisation. It also addresses a fundamental gap in the literature regarding the impact of controversy on the production of scientific knowledge and policy decision-making.
This thesis comprises five standalone papers (Chapters 2-6) which together explore climate change as a knowledge controversy using frameworks from science and technology studies, sociology and geography. Chapter 2 finds that the most central blogs within the climate sceptical blogosphere predominantly focus on the scientific element of the climate debate. It argues that by acting as an alternative public site of expertise, the blogosphere may be playing a central role in perpetuating doubt regarding the scientific basis for climate change policymaking. Chapter 3 suggests that the binary and dualistic format of labels used within the climate debate such as “denier” or “alarmist” contribute towards polarisation by reducing possibilities for constructive dialogue. Chapter 4 investigates rationales for debate participation and argues that identifying and emphasising commonalities between previously polarised individuals may serve to reduce antagonism within the climate change debate. Chapter 5 investigates the impact of controversy on the production of scientific knowledge and finds that climate scientists identify substantial impacts on their agency as scientists, but not on scientific practice. It argues that this distinction indicates that boundarymaking may be understood as a more active and explicit process under conditions of controversy. Finally, Chapter 6 introduces the concept of post-decisional logics of inaction, emphasising the role of place in determining the influence of controversial
knowledge claims on climate change policymaking.
These findings make explicit the underlying politics of knowledge inherent within the climate change debate, and emphasise the need for a more attentive consideration of the role of knowledge, place and performativity in contested science and policy environments.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Sharman, A. (2015). Climate change as a knowledge controversy: investigating debates over science and policy. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3239/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sharman, Amelia. “Climate change as a knowledge controversy: investigating debates over science and policy.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3239/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sharman, Amelia. “Climate change as a knowledge controversy: investigating debates over science and policy.” 2015. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Sharman A. Climate change as a knowledge controversy: investigating debates over science and policy. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3239/.
Council of Science Editors:
Sharman A. Climate change as a knowledge controversy: investigating debates over science and policy. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2015. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3239/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
19.
Helgeson, Jennifer.
Whether to insure against the weather: demand for extreme weather insurance in developing and developed country contexts.
Degree: phd, 2015, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3276/
► Many households in developing and developed countries will face increased extreme weather events due to climate change. Insurance could be a key coping strategy against…
(more)
▼ Many households in developing and developed countries will face increased extreme weather events due to climate change. Insurance could be a key coping strategy against the associated impacts of extreme weather. There is value in better understanding the characteristics that make insurance an appropriate means of coping for some sub-groups over others. The framework for household decisions to insure used in this research focuses on four factors: 1. economic, 2. social and cultural, 3. structural, and 4. personal and demographic.
This thesis considers two case studies: agricultural index-based microinsurance in rural Uganda and home flood insurance in the USA It seeks to understand intended demand and the related drivers for insurance in these settings through the use of large-N surveys, field games, and on-line simulations. The rural Ugandan survey tool was implemented using innovative smart-phone technology and yielded 3000+ observations of expressed willingness-to-join (WTJ) and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for agricultural microinsurance. This tool also obtained information concerning propensity to engage with alternative coping strategies, both formal and informal. It also obtained household indicators of the factor classesnoted above.
A separate field game in Uganda investigated attitudes towards basis risk arising from index insurance using a novel, iterative game involving farmers allocating their wealth between insurance and crop production. The game is played in partner sets to gauge the relative influence of others’ decisions and outcomes on one’s choice to insure.
The USA study compares propensity to purchase flood insurance between those affected and unaffected by Hurricane Sandy in the same geographic areas. We obtained 800 observations from an online survey tool, combining survey questions and a flood insurance purchase simulation. In the simulation we include as a treatment a more extensive (graphical) presentation of expected losses to assess the effect oninsurance uptake rates.
In the Ugandan case, WTJ is over 95% and the average WTP is moderate relative to household wealth. For our sample there is evidence that microinsurance and loans are substitutes and the most frequently chosen traditional coping strategy is selling cattle. In the American study, respondents insure in just over 50% of the presented simulations and over 60% have a positive stated WTJ. Notably, there is little insurance demand difference between cohorts affected and unaffected by Hurricane Sandy. In both studies, a significant proportion of respondents with disparate personal characteristics chose to always or never insure, regardless of the details of the simulation scenarios, though WTJ varies positively with expected losses; this behaviour may be related to affect from the feeling of insurance.
In the Ugandan study, occurrence of basis risk reduces WTJ in the following period and respondents clearly are affected by the choices made by their partners. In the American study, insurance adoption is greater for the cohort exposed…
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Helgeson, J. (2015). Whether to insure against the weather: demand for extreme weather insurance in developing and developed country contexts. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3276/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Helgeson, Jennifer. “Whether to insure against the weather: demand for extreme weather insurance in developing and developed country contexts.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3276/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Helgeson, Jennifer. “Whether to insure against the weather: demand for extreme weather insurance in developing and developed country contexts.” 2015. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Helgeson J. Whether to insure against the weather: demand for extreme weather insurance in developing and developed country contexts. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3276/.
Council of Science Editors:
Helgeson J. Whether to insure against the weather: demand for extreme weather insurance in developing and developed country contexts. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2015. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3276/
20.
Colmer, Jonathan.
Essays on the economic consequences of weather and climate change.
Degree: phd, 2016, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3338/
► This thesis seeks to advance our understanding of climatic influence on economic outcomes. The approach taken places emphasis on understanding the channels and mechanisms through…
(more)
▼ This thesis seeks to advance our understanding of climatic influence on economic outcomes. The approach taken places emphasis on understanding the channels and mechanisms through which weather has an effect, and through which climate change could have an effect, on economic behaviour – rather than estimating the impact of future climate change – to better inform the design and implementation of policy. This thesis is composed of four papers that adopt this new paradigm, providing new insights into how weather affects economic outcomes today, how economic agents respond to and manage the economic consequences of changes in their natural environment,
and providing explicit mechanisms through which the impacts of, and adaptation to, climate change could affect economic outcomes in the future.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Colmer, J. (2016). Essays on the economic consequences of weather and climate change. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3338/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Colmer, Jonathan. “Essays on the economic consequences of weather and climate change.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3338/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Colmer, Jonathan. “Essays on the economic consequences of weather and climate change.” 2016. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Colmer J. Essays on the economic consequences of weather and climate change. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3338/.
Council of Science Editors:
Colmer J. Essays on the economic consequences of weather and climate change. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3338/
21.
Bligaard Nielsen, Thomas.
A supply-side story of oil and gas: how fear of the future dictates behaviour today.
Degree: phd, 2016, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3372/
► The aim of this dissertation is to determine the spatial and dynamic mechanisms that govern the supply of oil and natural gas. Specifically, the research…
(more)
▼ The aim of this dissertation is to determine the spatial and dynamic mechanisms that govern the supply of oil and natural gas. Specifically, the research evaluates how fear of the future affects behavior today and thereby it tests whether non-renewable resource owners behave in the forward-looking manner described by Harold Hotelling in the 1930s. Understanding what governs the supply of oil and natural gas is vital, as these fuels have significant economic and environmental implications for the planet. Integrating original research papers, the dissertation unfolds in seven chapters. The first and second chapters provide the foundation for the following research, by introducing the existing literature on oil and gas management. The subsequent three chapters discuss common pool
problems as a method of identifying forward-looking behavior. Retaining this focus on weak property rights, chapter six evaluates the short-term relationship between government stability and oil extraction in authoritarian petro-states. The final chapter summarizes the main findings and outlines key implications. Drawing on new datasets and novel methodological tools, this dissertation demonstrates how fear of common pool problems governs exploration and extraction in the oil and gas industry today. However, contrary to conventional theory, this dissertation does not find that political instability motivates authoritarian regimes to accelerate their extraction.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Bligaard Nielsen, T. (2016). A supply-side story of oil and gas: how fear of the future dictates behaviour today. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3372/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bligaard Nielsen, Thomas. “A supply-side story of oil and gas: how fear of the future dictates behaviour today.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3372/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bligaard Nielsen, Thomas. “A supply-side story of oil and gas: how fear of the future dictates behaviour today.” 2016. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Bligaard Nielsen T. A supply-side story of oil and gas: how fear of the future dictates behaviour today. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3372/.
Council of Science Editors:
Bligaard Nielsen T. A supply-side story of oil and gas: how fear of the future dictates behaviour today. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3372/
22.
Vollenweider, Xavier.
Four essays in agricultural and development economics.
Degree: phd, 2016, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3397/
► In the first paper, I introduce a new framework to estimate household climate risk exposure based on a combination of climate and microeconomic data. I…
(more)
▼ In the first paper, I introduce a new framework to estimate household climate risk exposure based on a combination of climate and microeconomic data. I apply it to the Ethiopian Rural Household Survey (1994-2009) and find that households living at low altitudes are the most vulnerable to weather shocks. The second paper is based on a combination of open and double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCT) conducted in Tanzania in 2013 with 560 farmers. By comparing the results between the participants in the open and double-blind groups, we find that more than 50% of the total effect of improved seeds estimated in traditional open RCTs depends on farmers’ behaviour. The third paper, based on the RCT mentioned above (only the open one is used), tests the hypothesis that farmers try to escape forced solidarity when facing favourable conditions. We find that farmers having received the improved seeds decrease their number of social interactions. We interpret this as a sign that farmers seek to hide from the pressure to redistribute. In the fourth paper, I leave Africa for the Republic of Ireland and show that a large Irish agri-environmental scheme does not increase farmers’ risk exposure.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Vollenweider, X. (2016). Four essays in agricultural and development economics. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3397/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Vollenweider, Xavier. “Four essays in agricultural and development economics.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3397/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Vollenweider, Xavier. “Four essays in agricultural and development economics.” 2016. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Vollenweider X. Four essays in agricultural and development economics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3397/.
Council of Science Editors:
Vollenweider X. Four essays in agricultural and development economics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3397/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
23.
Heger, Martin.
The causal effects of the Indian Ocean tsunami and armed
conflict on Aceh’s economic development.
Degree: phd, 2016, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3402/
► This PhD thesis investigates the causal long-term economic effects of the Indian Ocean Tsunami and the armed conflict in Aceh, Indonesia (chapters 2, 3 and…
(more)
▼ This PhD thesis investigates the causal long-term economic effects of the Indian Ocean Tsunami and the armed conflict in Aceh, Indonesia (chapters 2, 3 and 4). It also contains an analysis of land use change and the consequences for soil-organic carbon (SOC) in Eastern Panama that is unrelated to previous chapters. Chapter 2 stands at the core of my PhD thesis; it is the equivalent of a job market paper.
In chapter 1, I provide an introduction to and summary of my PhD thesis. In particular, I describe why I believe that I make original contributions to knowledge that are significant and rigorous.
In chapter 2, I carry out a quasi-experimental analysis investigating the causal effects of Tsunami flooding on long-term per capita economic output. The existing literature suggests that natural disasters are growth depressing in the short-term, and in the longterm, natural disasters either cause a continued shortfall of economic output, or an eventual convergence to the pre-disaster counterfactual trend. I picked the Indian Ocean Tsunami in Aceh as a case study for this PhD thesis, because I posit that if there is one case for which there is evidence that goes against the conventional wisdom, namely in the form of increased economic output in the long run, it probably is Aceh. The reason why I expect to see creative destruction is that Aceh received a windfall of aid and was the stage of the largest reconstruction effort the developing world has ever seen. I conclude that natural disasters are not necessarily the cause of output reductions and that they can be windows of opportunity for the economy.
In chapter 3, I investigate the reasons behind the creative destruction, and take a closer look at different sectors and subcomponents of the economy. I examine three channels through which the Tsunami may have affected per capita economic output. First, I find that the Tsunami causally accelerated the structural transformation process, a process through which people and the economy move out of agriculture, and into more productive sectors such as services. Second, I show that the Tsunami brought with it a windfall of aid and other funds, which allowed for a building back better of physical capital and increased capital formation. Third, I show that aggregate private consumption not only was smoothed in a reaction to the Tsunami, but even boosted to sustainably higher levels, compared to the no-Tsunami counterfactual.
In chapter 4, I investigate whether the 30 years long armed conflict in Aceh left any negative economic legacy effects, once the fighting stopped and the peace agreement was signed. The separatist war took a toll on the Acehnese economy. Even though the conflict has ended, did the negative economic effects also end? Aceh’s economy has higher per capita growth rates in times of peace than in times of war, which can be either a sign of a peace dividend or creative destruction from the Tsunami. But does the armed conflict leave a negative legacy for future growth rates, even after peace has officially been…
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Heger, M. (2016). The causal effects of the Indian Ocean tsunami and armed
conflict on Aceh’s economic development. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3402/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Heger, Martin. “The causal effects of the Indian Ocean tsunami and armed
conflict on Aceh’s economic development.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3402/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Heger, Martin. “The causal effects of the Indian Ocean tsunami and armed
conflict on Aceh’s economic development.” 2016. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Heger M. The causal effects of the Indian Ocean tsunami and armed
conflict on Aceh’s economic development. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3402/.
Council of Science Editors:
Heger M. The causal effects of the Indian Ocean tsunami and armed
conflict on Aceh’s economic development. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3402/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
24.
Gosnell, Greer.
Experiments and externalities: understanding cause and effect in environmental decision making.
Degree: phd, 2016, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3518/
► The field of behavioral economics enhances the ability of social science research to effectively inform socially efficient climate policy at the microeconomic level, in part…
(more)
▼ The field of behavioral economics enhances the ability of social science research to effectively inform socially efficient climate policy at the microeconomic level, in part due to the dependence of climate outcomes upon present and future human consumption patterns. Since the behavioral field is relatively new, environmental and resource economists still have scarce evidence as to why people make particular decisions. For this thesis, I have conducted both field and laboratory experiments to address market failures highly relevant to environmental outcomes, namely international public goods problems and externalities from fuel and resource consumption.
My methodology capitalizes upon the benefits of each experimental methodology—laboratory, artefactual, framed, and natural—to capture the effects of particular informational and contextual elements on subsequent behavior. While each methodology has its potential advantages and shortcomings, I contend that the complete toolkit is necessary to study a broad range of relevant environmental contexts. For instance, while natural field experiments are generally considered the “gold standard” in terms of exogeneity and generalizability, many settings in which field experimentation may provide tremendous insight preclude randomization across unknowing subjects. Similarly, researchers may not have access to populations of interest, though lab experimentation may still provide insights into the behavior of these populations or reveal motivations not yet captured in neoclassical utility functions. In this thesis, I will detail results from one of each experimental type, each suited to the context of interest.
The natural field experiment in Chapter 2 aims to discern whether there is a role for environmental preferences and cognitive dissonance to play in encouraging individuals to engage in resource-conserving behaviors, and suggests that the latter may be effective in changing the behavior of green consumers. Chapter 3 presents the results of a large-scale framed field experiment comprising all eligible captains in Virgin Atlantic Airways, which tested the impacts of personalized information, tailored targets, and prosocial incentives on captains’ performance of fuel-efficient behaviors. In addition to documenting a substantial Hawthorne effect, we provide intent-to-treat estimates of the three types of feedback to show that tailored targets are the most (cost) effective strategy of those implemented. I introduce a complementary artefactual field experiment in Chapter 4, which allows for detailed scrutiny of captains’ fuel efficiency based on their social preferences as well as preferences and attitudes toward risk and uncertainty.
I find that more risk-averse captains are more prone to over-fuel, that prosocial incentives increase captains’ well-being, and that revealed altruism increases responsiveness to prosocial incentives. Finally, Chapter 5 aims to provide insight into the effects of “side deals” in facilitating cooperation on international climate agreements. Using a…
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Gosnell, G. (2016). Experiments and externalities: understanding cause and effect in environmental decision making. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3518/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gosnell, Greer. “Experiments and externalities: understanding cause and effect in environmental decision making.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3518/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gosnell, Greer. “Experiments and externalities: understanding cause and effect in environmental decision making.” 2016. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Gosnell G. Experiments and externalities: understanding cause and effect in environmental decision making. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3518/.
Council of Science Editors:
Gosnell G. Experiments and externalities: understanding cause and effect in environmental decision making. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3518/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
25.
Frick, Susanne.
Urban structure, location of economic activity and aggregate growth: empirical evidence and policies.
Degree: phd, 2017, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3541/
► This thesis explores two distinct but related aspects of the relationship between the spatial location of people within a country and national economic growth. The…
(more)
▼ This thesis explores two distinct but related aspects of the relationship between the spatial location of people within a country and national economic growth. The first three essays set out to establish whether a country’s urban structure impacts economic growth at the aggregate level. Each paper explores a different aspect of the location of people, including the level of urban concentration and the size of a country’s cities. The analyses rely on cross-country regressions and employ different estimation techniques, including fixed effects, system GMM and instrumental variables. Particular attention is paid to whether the relationship differs between developed and developing countries and how contextual factors, such as a country’s economic structure and government capacity, shape the relationship. Across the three papers, the results consistently suggest that concentration and larger cities can be growth promoting at the country level; however only in developed countries or if certain contextual factors are met. The findings add to a growing body of empirical literature which questions the universal validity of the benefits of agglomeration for economic growth. Furthermore, they specifically address a gap in the empirical literature which so far had failed to link city size to aggregate growth as opposed to city-level productivity.
The fourth essay moves to the policy level and analyses Special Economic Zones (SEZs) – a policy which isfrequently employed to influence the location of economic activity and people. Specifically, it studies the performance drivers of SEZs. A scarcity of data has limited quantitative research on this topic so far. The analysis relies on a novel dataset, which resorts to nightlights as SEZ performance proxy and covers zone and policy characteristics for SEZs
in 22 countries. The findings partially confirm, but also refute the dominant knowledge on the viability of SEZs. While larger zones tend to perform better, growth is difficult to sustain over time and particularly hard to achieve for high-technology focused zones. Other factors commonly assumed to matter, such as the nature of the zone operator, the incentive package and programme set-up, seem to be highly context dependent. Furthermore, contextual factors, such as proximity to markets and a pre-existing industrial base, influence zone performance.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Frick, S. (2017). Urban structure, location of economic activity and aggregate growth: empirical evidence and policies. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3541/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Frick, Susanne. “Urban structure, location of economic activity and aggregate growth: empirical evidence and policies.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3541/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Frick, Susanne. “Urban structure, location of economic activity and aggregate growth: empirical evidence and policies.” 2017. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Frick S. Urban structure, location of economic activity and aggregate growth: empirical evidence and policies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3541/.
Council of Science Editors:
Frick S. Urban structure, location of economic activity and aggregate growth: empirical evidence and policies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2017. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3541/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
26.
Gorst, Ashley.
Assessing climatic and technological constraints to agricultural productivity in South Asia.
Degree: phd, 2017, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3613/
► This thesis comprises of four essays that seek to advance understanding of the role that climatic constraints have on agricultural productivity in India and Pakistan.…
(more)
▼ This thesis comprises of four essays that seek to advance understanding of the role that climatic constraints have on agricultural productivity in India and Pakistan. This work emphasises that the constraints posed to agricultural production must be understood within the context of an evolving set of environmental and technological conditions. The thesis employs empirical methods to understand these relationships, where particular emphasis is placed on methods suitable for learning about the challenges agriculture will face in the future. The first chapter studies the impact of climate change on rice yields in India by modelling the inter-annual distribution of yield conditional on projected temperature increases. The results suggest a decrease in average yield and a substantial increase in the probability of low yields. It is also shown that yields have become increasingly resilient to heat over time. The second chapter studies the e↵ect of drought on cereal production in India by estimating thresholds of drought impact. By examining thresholds over time, evidence is found of decreasing average impacts, but with evidence of an abrupt increase in average drought impacts in more recent years. Thresholds of precipitation are also estimated, indicating substantial heterogeneity in resilience to drought across crop types and regions of India. The third chapter examines how changes in agricultural technology brought about by the Green Revolution a↵ected the relative importance of agro-climatic factors in determining crop yields. Using a detailed measure of crop suitability it is found that yields increased relatively more in areas of higher suitability, indicating complementarity between agricultural technologies and favourable agro-climatic characteristics. The final chapter uses farm-level data from a specifically-designed survey to assess the impact and determinants of climate change adaptation strategies on crop productivity in Pakistan. Adaptation has a beneficial e↵ect on rice yields, but not on wheat yields. This chapter also finds that a number of household and institutional factors are strongly related to whether households have adapted to climate change.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Gorst, A. (2017). Assessing climatic and technological constraints to agricultural productivity in South Asia. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3613/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gorst, Ashley. “Assessing climatic and technological constraints to agricultural productivity in South Asia.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3613/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gorst, Ashley. “Assessing climatic and technological constraints to agricultural productivity in South Asia.” 2017. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Gorst A. Assessing climatic and technological constraints to agricultural productivity in South Asia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3613/.
Council of Science Editors:
Gorst A. Assessing climatic and technological constraints to agricultural productivity in South Asia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2017. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3613/
27.
Apergi, Maria Evgenia.
The drivers of energy access: evidence from solar energy applications in Guinea-Bissau.
Degree: phd, 2018, London School of Economics and Political Science (United Kingdom)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3700/
► This thesis aims to explore how some of the findings from behavioural economics and the social capital literature can apply in the case of electricity…
(more)
▼ This thesis aims to explore how some of the findings from behavioural economics and the social capital literature can apply in the case of electricity access in developing countries with a focus on solar off-grid electrification. And specifically on solar home systems and solar hybrid mini-grid electrification in rural Guinea-Bissau.
Specifically, I am drawing from studies looking at the role of discounting anomalies on technology adoption and recurring payments, the role of trust on technology adoption and the role of computational limitations and the use of simplification strategies on the accuracy of frequency and expenditure reporting in surveys.
This exercise aims to inform electrification policy in developing countries, demonstrate instances where insights from behavioural economics and social capital can enrich our understanding of the underlying barriers and drivers of electrification access, but also demonstrate how some selected case studies can help to strengthen empirical findings from other contexts.
Chapter 1 provides an introduction on the issues surrounding electrification access in developing countries and introduces the research motivation and the research objectives of this thesis. This chapter also discusses the relevant gaps in the literature, how this thesis attempts to address them and the contribution to knowledge. Finally, the research location is introduced.
Chapter 2 presents the results of a stated preference study that uses a choice experiment to estimate willingness to pay for a solar home system, and the trade-off between different repayment schemes and maintenance responsibilities, in the region of Bafatá in Guinea-Bissau. Results suggest that preferences are driven both by income constraints as well as self-control problems, excessive discounting and self-reported trust for a number of actors.
Chapter 3 explores the main determinants in the decision to connect to a solar hybrid mini-grid, in the semi-urban community of Bambadinca in Guinea-Bissau, with a focus on social capital as expressed in trust. Connections are driven largely by the socio-economic background of the households and prior energy use patterns. However, there is evidence that social capital as expressed in self-reported trust for one’s neighbours, also has a positive effect on connections through facilitating the informal expansion of the grid, whereby households use their neighbours’ infrastructure to connect to the service.
Chapter 4 explores how the technology of prepaid meters can help researchers acquire more insight regarding the accuracy of survey responses and the response strategies used. More specifically, this chapter tests the accuracy of reported energy expenditure in surveys, when using differently defined recall periods, namely a ‘usual’ week versus a ‘specific’ (i.e. last) week. We compare real expenditure data for prepaid meters for electricity, from a solar hybrid mini-grid operating in the semi-urban community of Bambadinca in Guinea-Bissau, with answers from a survey where respondents are…
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA (6th Edition):
Apergi, M. E. (2018). The drivers of energy access: evidence from solar energy applications in Guinea-Bissau. (Doctoral Dissertation). London School of Economics and Political Science (United Kingdom). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3700/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Apergi, Maria Evgenia. “The drivers of energy access: evidence from solar energy applications in Guinea-Bissau.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science (United Kingdom). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3700/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Apergi, Maria Evgenia. “The drivers of energy access: evidence from solar energy applications in Guinea-Bissau.” 2018. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Apergi ME. The drivers of energy access: evidence from solar energy applications in Guinea-Bissau. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. London School of Economics and Political Science (United Kingdom); 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3700/.
Council of Science Editors:
Apergi ME. The drivers of energy access: evidence from solar energy applications in Guinea-Bissau. [Doctoral Dissertation]. London School of Economics and Political Science (United Kingdom); 2018. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3700/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
28.
Jaax, Alexander.
Essays on disparities in innovative performance and economic development in emerging countries: a regional and firm-level investigation.
Degree: phd, 2016, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3540/
► The global economic system has been undergoing fundamental changes since the 1980s. Many emerging countries drastically increased their openness to trade and foreign investments. Formerly…
(more)
▼ The global economic system has been undergoing fundamental changes since the 1980s. Many emerging countries drastically increased their openness to trade and foreign investments. Formerly socialist countries entered a transition towards a market-based model and deepened their integration into the global economy. As a result, the geography of trade, investment flows, and innovation is becoming more multipolar. This thesis seeks to improve our understanding of the links between these macro-level shifts and the geography of innovation, spatial patterns of economic deprivation, as well as firm-level outcomes in emerging countries.
This thesis is structured into an introductory chapter and four analytical papers. The introductory chapter outlines three themes corresponding to the areas to which this thesis makes a contribution: (1) the interplay of the local and the global dimension in shaping regional patterns of knowledge creation, (2) the link between the relative weight of the private sector and spatial patterns of economic deprivation, and (3) the role of global production networks and the changing geography of trade in shaping regional patterns of innovative performance and heterogeneous firm-level outcomes.
The first paper examines the geography of innovation in Russia, adopting a perspective that combines Soviet-era legacies, contemporaneous regional conditions, and global linkages. The results shed light on multinational enterprises’ (MNEs) role as key agents providing Russian regions with knowledge from distant places. The findings
simultaneously point to the importance of path dependencies in regional patterns of knowledge generation.
The second paper investigates the link between regional innovative performance in Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia and investments of MNEs categorized by entry mode and business function. The analysis suggests that the relationship between global linkages established by MNEs and regional knowledge creation is jointly shaped by the heterogeneity of MNEs’ investments and the heterogeneity of region-specific conditions in Latin American economies at different stages of technological development.
The third paper focuses on Vietnam, a country that has seen some provinces act as pioneers and others as laggards in the journey towards an outward-oriented marketbased economy. The link between the private sector’s weight in the economy and economic deprivation is a topic of considerable policy interest, but its subnational dimension remains underexplored. The analysis considers the relationship between provincial differences in the change of private firms’ formal employment share and changes in the geography of economic deprivation. The findings reveal that increases in private firms’ employment share are associated with reductions in poverty. MNEs appear to be a key driver of this association.
Finally, the fourth paper concerns Vietnam’s growing trade with China. It looks at the link between imports from China and firm-level outcomes in Vietnam’s manufacturing sector. The results show…
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Jaax, A. (2016). Essays on disparities in innovative performance and economic development in emerging countries: a regional and firm-level investigation. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3540/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jaax, Alexander. “Essays on disparities in innovative performance and economic development in emerging countries: a regional and firm-level investigation.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3540/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jaax, Alexander. “Essays on disparities in innovative performance and economic development in emerging countries: a regional and firm-level investigation.” 2016. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Jaax A. Essays on disparities in innovative performance and economic development in emerging countries: a regional and firm-level investigation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3540/.
Council of Science Editors:
Jaax A. Essays on disparities in innovative performance and economic development in emerging countries: a regional and firm-level investigation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2016. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3540/
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
29.
Jo, Ara.
Essays in environmental and cultural economics.
Degree: phd, 2018, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3754/
► This thesis approaches the global cooperation problem of climate change mitigation from a cultural standpoint. The research is inspired by the observation that voluntary efforts…
(more)
▼ This thesis approaches the global cooperation problem of climate change mitigation from a cultural standpoint. The research is inspired by the observation that voluntary efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions exist and more interestingly that there is heterogeneity in the level of voluntary action across countries. To what extent could this be explained by cultural differences? In Chapter 1, I argue the within-country culture of cooperation sustained by trust – the expectation that a random member of society is trustworthy – positively affects cooperative behavior in the international arena via reputation effects. I theoretically motivate this hypothesis and provide empirical evidence that countries associated with high trust have reduced greenhouse gas emissions more substantially than countries that display low levels of social trust. I further explore this line of argument in Chapter 2 by looking at how trust affects compliance. This chapter provides empirical evidence that trust facilitates firms’ compliance decisions in an international climate change regulation (EU ETS), which makes enforcement less costly in high-trust countries. In Chapter 3, I turn my attention to potential determinants of trust. The paper focuses on the effect of migration on trust among neighbors in the
context of Mexico. The findings suggest that migration negatively affects the formation of trust between individuals due to the expected short-term nature of the relationship.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Jo, A. (2018). Essays in environmental and cultural economics. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3754/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jo, Ara. “Essays in environmental and cultural economics.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3754/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jo, Ara. “Essays in environmental and cultural economics.” 2018. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Jo A. Essays in environmental and cultural economics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3754/.
Council of Science Editors:
Jo A. Essays in environmental and cultural economics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2018. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3754/
30.
Pia, Andrea.
The vanishing margin: an ethnography of state water provisions in the environmentally degraded Chinese countryside.
Degree: phd, 2015, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
URL: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3189/
► Based on 16 months of ethnographic fieldwork between September 2011 and December 2013 in rural Yunnan, this dissertation explores the political and technical project of…
(more)
▼ Based on 16 months of ethnographic fieldwork between September 2011 and December 2013 in rural Yunnan, this dissertation explores the political and technical project of making water available to human use in a time of drought and environmental stress. In particular, it focuses on the collective challenge undertaken by people in this part of China to keep the water flowing through their land and their communities against many and diverse odds. The main questions it addresses are: How is water shortage experienced and confronted by Chinese citizens? How is water circulated among different people and what kind of cultural practices and institutions do they create in the attempt to meet this very basic human need? What kind of social relationships and relationships with the environment ensue from this attempt? What does it take to keep the water flowing in present day, environmentally degraded rural China?
The overarching argument of the dissertation is that if fresh water still remains available in north-eastern Yunnan, this is not solely thanks to State policies or to the rational strategies adopted by public and private entities, but more significantly to the commitment of ordinary villagers and local officials who are doing their best to keep flourishing in what has now become a water-poor area. Because water keeps running thanks largely to the technical knowledge and dedication of ordinary people, it can be said that its management has a human dimension. Relationships of care and dependence, but also of mistrust and antagonism, are implicated in the active project of distributing and allocating fresh water for human use, inflecting the modalities and direction of its course. Securing water for human consumption is, above all else, a cooperative project: one pursued by people who are differently positioned across the social spectrum. By committing to this project, they also tighten and sustain human relationships, and envision the possibilities of a differently organised society in which water could be available to all.
Subjects/Keywords: GE Environmental Sciences
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Pia, A. (2015). The vanishing margin: an ethnography of state water provisions in the environmentally degraded Chinese countryside. (Doctoral Dissertation). The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3189/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pia, Andrea. “The vanishing margin: an ethnography of state water provisions in the environmentally degraded Chinese countryside.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). Accessed December 12, 2019.
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3189/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pia, Andrea. “The vanishing margin: an ethnography of state water provisions in the environmentally degraded Chinese countryside.” 2015. Web. 12 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Pia A. The vanishing margin: an ethnography of state water provisions in the environmentally degraded Chinese countryside. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 12].
Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3189/.
Council of Science Editors:
Pia A. The vanishing margin: an ethnography of state water provisions in the environmentally degraded Chinese countryside. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE); 2015. Available from: http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3189/
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations
