You searched for subject:(Neuromodulation).
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Rice University
1.
Wickens, Amanda.
Magnetoelectric Materials for Miniature, Wireless Neural Interfaces.
Degree: MS, Engineering, 2018, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/105756 
► Developments in wireless neuromodulation technologies have lead to new treatments for neurological disorders and new methods of probing neural circuits in humans and animal models.…
(more)
▼ Developments in wireless
neuromodulation technologies have lead to new treatments for neurological disorders and new methods of probing neural circuits in humans and animal models. Miniaturized and wirelessly powered biomedical implants are being developed in order to minimize the perturbation and damage to the neural circuits and surrounding tissue. However, developing devices capable of transmitting sufficient power in small form factors remains a challenge. Conventional wireless neural stimulation devices need to be connected to a bulky battery pack or coil of wire that, when miniaturized, suffers from reduced power transfer, high angle dependence, and requires high ~MHz frequency electromagnetic fields to carry the power. This limits the applications for any given device and can cause a negative host response due to the larger implants and leads. Here we show magnetoelectric devices capable of transforming external magnetic fields to controllable electric fields strong enough to wirelessly stimulate targeted neural regions in freely moving rats with no genetic modification. We found that by coupling a piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material at an acoustic resonance, magnetoelectric films can stimulate cells in vitro when we apply an external magnetic field. We are currently working to further show that these electric fields are strong enough to stimulate activity wirelessly by powering implanted electrodes in freely moving rats. Furthermore, in contrast to traditional inductive coupling, we show magnetoelectric materials are scalable and still capable of generating large voltages with a small device footprint. Our results demonstrate that magnetoelectric materials can be used to develop versatile lightweight wireless neural implants. We lay the foundation for further developing these materials to be used for many different applications in neuroscience.
Advisors/Committee Members: Robinson , Jacob (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuromodulation; Magnetoelectric
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APA (6th Edition):
Wickens, A. (2018). Magnetoelectric Materials for Miniature, Wireless Neural Interfaces. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/105756
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wickens, Amanda. “Magnetoelectric Materials for Miniature, Wireless Neural Interfaces.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/105756.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wickens, Amanda. “Magnetoelectric Materials for Miniature, Wireless Neural Interfaces.” 2018. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Wickens A. Magnetoelectric Materials for Miniature, Wireless Neural Interfaces. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/105756.
Council of Science Editors:
Wickens A. Magnetoelectric Materials for Miniature, Wireless Neural Interfaces. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/105756
University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign
2.
Sipolins, Aldis Gunars.
Can high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) enhance cognitive training and transfer?.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2016, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90476
► The INSIGHT project combines cognitive training with high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) with the goal of enhancing fluid intelligence (Gf) and adaptive problem solving…
(more)
▼ The INSIGHT project combines cognitive training with high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) with the goal of enhancing fluid intelligence (Gf) and adaptive problem solving in healthy adults. 129 young to middle-aged subjects completed 20 1hr cognitive training sessions with a videogame called Mind Frontiers while receiving HD-tDCS. Mind Frontiers was developed for the INISGHT project and comprised six adaptively difficult cognitive training tasks. HD-tDCS was applied for 30 minutes (active) or 30 seconds (sham) at 2.0 mA at the start of each training session, with anodes placed bilaterally over the prefrontal cortex. Before and after cognitive training, participants completed a battery of tasks to assess Gf, executive function, working memory, and episodic memory. Participants who received active tDCS showed improved performance on the Mind Frontiers games compared to those who received sham. Transfer to untrained tasks, however, was unaffected; no comparable improvements in transfer from pre- to post-training were observed. Such results provide strong evidence that tDCS can enhance cognitive training performance but no evidence for enhanced transfer of learned skills to untrained tasks. When individual differences were examined, Gf was found to be an effective predictor of trained task improvement and age moderated the beneficial effect of HD-tDCS on training performance, with younger subjects benefitting more than old. An alternative explanation of the results, an acute effect of tDCS on vigilance decrement, was evaluated but evidence was insufficient to draw firm conclusions. To summarize, tDCS appears to be more effective at enhancing performance of specific skills than improving general cognitive abilities, and this effect is stronger in younger adults.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kramer, Arthur F (advisor), Kramer, Arthur F (Committee Chair), Barbey, Aron K (committee member), Cohen, Neal J (committee member), Wang, Frances (committee member), Hillman, Charles H (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: cognitive training; neuromodulation
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APA (6th Edition):
Sipolins, A. G. (2016). Can high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) enhance cognitive training and transfer?. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90476
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sipolins, Aldis Gunars. “Can high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) enhance cognitive training and transfer?.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90476.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sipolins, Aldis Gunars. “Can high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) enhance cognitive training and transfer?.” 2016. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Sipolins AG. Can high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) enhance cognitive training and transfer?. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90476.
Council of Science Editors:
Sipolins AG. Can high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) enhance cognitive training and transfer?. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90476
University of Cambridge
3.
Flynn, Sean.
Molecular tuning of a neural circuit that drives aggregation behaviour in C. elegans
.
Degree: 2018, University of Cambridge
URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273738
► Modulation of network state is a ubiquitous feature of nervous systems. A major challenge in understanding the physiological flexibility of neural circuits is linking molecules…
(more)
▼ Modulation of network state is a ubiquitous feature of nervous systems. A major challenge in understanding the physiological flexibility of neural circuits is linking molecules that regulate behaviour to changes in the properties of individual neurons. Here, we use a defined neural circuit in C. elegans to frame this universal problem. By genetic dissection of the behavioural state that sustains escape of 21% O2, we identify novel neuronal functions for several highly conserved genes, including a caspase-like molecule, a calcium-sensitive transcription factor, and two translation initiation factors. These molecules have been implicated in diverse forms of human disease, but their role in the nervous system is either unexplored or poorly understood. Using in vivo Ca2+ imaging techniques to investigate neuron physiology in immobilized and behaving animals, we demonstrate their effect on the properties of individual neurons. The activity of RMG hub neurons is associated with the switch in behavioural state induced by 21% O2. Recently it has been shown that the input-output relationship of RMG is controlled by cytokine signaling, an increasingly appreciated form of neuromodulation. Here I present biochemical and genetic evidence that characterize a novel signaling component downstream of IL-17 receptors in RMG. Our data suggest that, reminiscent of its role in the immune system, it performs both scaffolding and enzymatic functions in neurons. Additionally, we show that RMG responsiveness is controlled by widely expressed, putative regulators of gene expression. Our analyses of these proteins elucidate their function within the URX-RMG circuit, but also raise hypotheses that can be tested more generally in the nervous system. We propose that a calmodulin-binding protein regulates adaptation to ambient O2 conditions, which may reflect a widespread requirement for controlling homeostatic plasticity. Two translation factors that have been shown to be dispensable for general translation are important for regulation of the response to stress. Our study raises the possibility that their role in promoting the activity of all, or some subset of, neurons might underlie this contextual requirement. Together, our findings provide mechanistic insight into the regulation of a behavioural state associated with a specific environmental context.
Subjects/Keywords: neuromodulation;
signaling;
genetics
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APA (6th Edition):
Flynn, S. (2018). Molecular tuning of a neural circuit that drives aggregation behaviour in C. elegans
. (Thesis). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273738
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Flynn, Sean. “Molecular tuning of a neural circuit that drives aggregation behaviour in C. elegans
.” 2018. Thesis, University of Cambridge. Accessed October 22, 2019.
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273738.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Flynn, Sean. “Molecular tuning of a neural circuit that drives aggregation behaviour in C. elegans
.” 2018. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Flynn S. Molecular tuning of a neural circuit that drives aggregation behaviour in C. elegans
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cambridge; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273738.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Flynn S. Molecular tuning of a neural circuit that drives aggregation behaviour in C. elegans
. [Thesis]. University of Cambridge; 2018. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273738
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Georgia State University
4.
Barnett, William.
Mechanisms of the Coregulation of Multiple Ionic Currents for the Control of Neuronal Activity.
Degree: PhD, Neuroscience Institute, 2015, Georgia State University
URL: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/neurosci_diss/18
► An open question in contemporary neuroscience is how neuromodulators coregulate multiple conductances to maintain functional neuronal activity. Neuromodulators enact changes to properties of biophysical…
(more)
▼ An open question in contemporary neuroscience is how neuromodulators coregulate multiple conductances to maintain functional neuronal activity. Neuromodulators enact changes to properties of biophysical characteristics, such as the maximal conductance or voltage of half-activation of an ionic current, which determine the type and properties of neuronal activity. We apply dynamical systems theory to study the changes to neuronal activity that arise from
neuromodulation.
Neuromulators can act on multiple targets within a cell. The coregulation of mulitple ionic currents extends the scope of dynamic control on neuronal activity. Different aspects of neuronal activity can be independently controlled by different currents. The coregulation of multiple ionic currents provides precise control over the temporal characteristics of neuronal activity. Compensatory changes in multiple ionic currents could be used to avoid dangerous dynamics or maintain some aspect of neuronal activity. The coregulation of multiple ionic currents can be used as bifurcation control to ensure robust dynamics or expand the range of coexisting regimes. Multiple ionic currents could be involved in increasing the range of dynamic control over neuronal activity. The coregulation of multiple ionic currents in
neuromodulation expands the range over which biophysical parameters support functional activity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gennady Cymbalyuk, Ronald Calabrese, Mukesh Dhamala, Donald Edwards, Remus Osan.
Subjects/Keywords: Bursting; Central pattern generator; Neuromodulation
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APA (6th Edition):
Barnett, W. (2015). Mechanisms of the Coregulation of Multiple Ionic Currents for the Control of Neuronal Activity. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia State University. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/neurosci_diss/18
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Barnett, William. “Mechanisms of the Coregulation of Multiple Ionic Currents for the Control of Neuronal Activity.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia State University. Accessed October 22, 2019.
https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/neurosci_diss/18.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Barnett, William. “Mechanisms of the Coregulation of Multiple Ionic Currents for the Control of Neuronal Activity.” 2015. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Barnett W. Mechanisms of the Coregulation of Multiple Ionic Currents for the Control of Neuronal Activity. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia State University; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/neurosci_diss/18.
Council of Science Editors:
Barnett W. Mechanisms of the Coregulation of Multiple Ionic Currents for the Control of Neuronal Activity. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia State University; 2015. Available from: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/neurosci_diss/18
University of Saskatchewan
5.
Quon, Liz 1991-.
Astrocytic involvement in cortical inhibition and serotonin neuromodulation.
Degree: 2016, University of Saskatchewan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7410
► A single astrocyte can ensheath more than 100,000 synapses within its domain. Thus, astrocytes are ideally positioned to integrate signals from a few synapses to…
(more)
▼ A single astrocyte can ensheath more than 100,000 synapses within its domain. Thus, astrocytes are ideally positioned to integrate signals from a few synapses to have impact on all ensheathed synapses with high efficiency. As neuromodulators are released in a volume manner and are known to illicit astrocyte calcium responses, we hypothesized that astrocytes may be effector cells, extending neuromodulator action to every synapse. Using live mouse brain slices, extracellular recordings of evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (eEPSPs), and select pharmacology, we assessed the astrocytic involvement in paired-pulse suppression and serotonin-mediated shaping of a simple sensory cortical network containing both excitatory and inhibitory activity.
Using a paired-pulse stimulus repeated every 20 seconds, we assessed the role of astrocytes in paired-pulse suppression by applying pharmacological agents in the bath perfusate to interfere with astrocyte function. We then applied them in the presence of the GABAA antagonist bicuculline to determine if effects were dependent on GABA. To assess the role of astrocytes in serotonin
neuromodulation, serotonin was administered as a bolus to the bath perfusate upstream of the recording site to simulate transient effects on the network. Serotonin was applied both before and after bath application of pharmacological agents considered to affect astrocyte function or signaling mechanisms.
In the absence of neuromodulators or pharmacological agents, the first cortical eEPSP is much larger in amplitude than the second due to the recruitment of longer-lasting inhibitory activity resulting from the first stimulus. Pharmacological disruption of 1) astrocytic mGluR5 receptors, 2) astrocyte metabolism, 3) gap junctions/hemichannels, or 4) purinergic receptors resulted in a significant loss of this evoked inhibition in field recordings, suggesting that astrocytes may play a role in tonic aspects of network inhibition. Furthermore, all significance was lost when performed in the presence of bicuculline, suggesting that astrocytic involvement in paired-pulse suppression is GABAA dependent. In addition to effects seen on tonic cortical inhibition, serotonin effects on frequency transmission in the cortical network are significantly altered following pharmacological astrocyte disruption. Lastly, serotonin-mediated frequency transmission could also be disrupted using P2 antagonists suggesting that ATP signaling (astrocyte currency) may be involved.
These data highlight a potential role for astrocytes in cortical inhibitory activity seen in this sensory cortical network and that serotonin acts on astrocytes to partially exert its modulatory influence.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bekar, Lane K, Gopalakrishnan, Venkat, Taghibiglou, Changiz, Walz, Wolfgang.
Subjects/Keywords: Astrocyte; Neuromodulation; Inhibition; Serotonin
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APA (6th Edition):
Quon, L. 1. (2016). Astrocytic involvement in cortical inhibition and serotonin neuromodulation. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7410
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Quon, Liz 1991-. “Astrocytic involvement in cortical inhibition and serotonin neuromodulation.” 2016. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7410.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Quon, Liz 1991-. “Astrocytic involvement in cortical inhibition and serotonin neuromodulation.” 2016. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Quon L1. Astrocytic involvement in cortical inhibition and serotonin neuromodulation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7410.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Quon L1. Astrocytic involvement in cortical inhibition and serotonin neuromodulation. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7410
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Manitoba
6.
Vasquez-Dominguez, Edna Esteli.
An investigation of the role of the intraspinal cholinergic system in the modulation of motoneuron voltage threshold.
Degree: Physiology and Pathophysiology, 2016, University of Manitoba
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31278
► Previous work has demonstrated that rhythmic motor outputs, such as locomotion and scratch induce a hyperpolarization of the voltage threshold (Vth) for action potential initiation…
(more)
▼ Previous work has demonstrated that rhythmic motor outputs, such as locomotion and scratch induce a hyperpolarization of the voltage threshold (Vth) for action potential initiation in spinal motoneurons, enhancing their excitability. Descending monoamines were implicated in mediating this effect; however, the recent observation that changes in Vth persist during fictive scratch in cats following acute cervical transection revealed that intraspinal systems, of unknown neuromodulatory identity, also have the ability to regulate motoneuron excitability during motor behaviour. This thesis addresses: 1) whether acetylcholine (ACh) is able to modulate spinal motoneuron Vth, and 2) whether endogenous ACh modulates motoneuron excitability during motor activity without intact descending modulation.
Our first study investigates whether ACh from exogenous and/or endogenous sources alters motoneuron Vth. We made intracellular recordings of lumbar motoneurons from neonatal rats to pharmacologically manipulate muscarinic and nicotinic receptor activity. Results show that ACh induces either Vth hyperpolarization, Vth depolarization or no change in Vth depending on the activity state of the network, the ACh concentration, and influences from other systems.
Our second study investigates whether intraspinal cholinergic inputs induce Vth hyperpolarization during rhythmic motor output when descending projections are disrupted. For this we developed an in vitro neonatal rat spinal cord preparation to elicit rhythmic activity independently of brainstem or lumbar cord stimulation. Intracellular recordings from motoneurons allowed comparison of the Vth prior to and during rhythmic output, both in the absence and presence of cholinergic antagonists in the lumbar cord. Results show that intraspinal cholinergic mechanisms are active and importantly contribute to modulation of motoneuron Vth during motor output.
We suggest that in addition to descending modulation, the spinal cholinergic system regulates motoneuron Vth to either facilitate or inhibit recruitment according to the motor network state. Motoneuron excitability regulation by modification of distinct membrane properties resulting from separate modulatory systems activation during diverse motor behaviours is discussed.
This work is the first to demonstrate the role of cholinergic mechanisms in regulating motoneuron excitability through modulation of Vth in an activity based context, and therefore outlines a spinal modulatory system that would contribute to motor control in both normal and pathological states.
Advisors/Committee Members: Fedirchuk, Brent (Physiology and Pathophysiology) (supervisor), McCrea, David (Physiology and Pathophysiology).
Subjects/Keywords: Spinal cord; Motoneuron; Neuromodulation; Neurophysiology
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Vasquez-Dominguez, E. E. (2016). An investigation of the role of the intraspinal cholinergic system in the modulation of motoneuron voltage threshold. (Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31278
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Vasquez-Dominguez, Edna Esteli. “An investigation of the role of the intraspinal cholinergic system in the modulation of motoneuron voltage threshold.” 2016. Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31278.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Vasquez-Dominguez, Edna Esteli. “An investigation of the role of the intraspinal cholinergic system in the modulation of motoneuron voltage threshold.” 2016. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Vasquez-Dominguez EE. An investigation of the role of the intraspinal cholinergic system in the modulation of motoneuron voltage threshold. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31278.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Vasquez-Dominguez EE. An investigation of the role of the intraspinal cholinergic system in the modulation of motoneuron voltage threshold. [Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31278
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Queens University
7.
Gagolewicz, Peter.
Preferential Potentiation of Weaker Inputs to Primary Visual Cortex by Activation of the Basal Forebrain in Urethane Anesthetized Rats
.
Degree: Neuroscience Studies, 2009, Queens University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1730
► The ability of the brain to store information and adapt to changes in the sensory environment stems from the capability of neurons to change their…
(more)
▼ The ability of the brain to store information and adapt to changes in the sensory environment stems from the capability of neurons to change their communication with
other neurons (“synaptic plasticity”). However, the ability of synapses to change (e.g., strengthen) is profoundly influenced by various chemical signals released in the nervous system (neuromodulators). Such modulatory effects may be preferential for different types of synapses. For example, cortical acetylcholine (ACh) has been shown to result in a relative enhancement of thalamocortical over intracortical synapses. Here, I tested the hypothesis that field postsynaptic potentials (fPSPs) in the rat primary visual cortex (V1) evoked by single pulse stimulation of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) can be potentiated when LGN stimulation is paired with short bursts of stimuli applied to the basal forebrain (BF), the major source of ACh released in the cortex. Stimulation of the ipsi- and contralateral LGN elicited fPSPs in V1, with fPSPs triggered from the contralateral LGN exhibiting longer latencies and smaller amplitudes relative to fPSPs in ipsilateral projections. Stimulation bursts applied to the BF, paired with single, delayed LGN pulses, resulted in an enhancement of fPSP amplitude (~25%) for contralateral inputs at short (130 ms), but not longer (200-1000 ms) pairing intervals, while ipsilateral fPSPs failed to show significant potentiation over these intervals. The enhancement of the
contralateral LGN-V1 fiber system induced by BF pairings was abolished by systemic or V1 application of the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine, while systemic
nicotinic receptor blockade was ineffective. These data suggest that there is a differential capacity for plasticity induction between strong, ipsilateral and weaker, contralateral fiber inputs to V1, with weaker inputs exhibiting greater synaptic enhancement following pairing with BF stimulation to elicit cortical ACh release. This preferential readiness for
synaptic potentiation in normally weaker, non-dominant fiber inputs to V1 may facilitate the detection and integration of separate sensory signals originating in thalamic sensory nuclei.
Subjects/Keywords: Acetylcholine;
Neuromodulation
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APA ·
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Gagolewicz, P. (2009). Preferential Potentiation of Weaker Inputs to Primary Visual Cortex by Activation of the Basal Forebrain in Urethane Anesthetized Rats
. (Thesis). Queens University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1730
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gagolewicz, Peter. “Preferential Potentiation of Weaker Inputs to Primary Visual Cortex by Activation of the Basal Forebrain in Urethane Anesthetized Rats
.” 2009. Thesis, Queens University. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1730.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gagolewicz, Peter. “Preferential Potentiation of Weaker Inputs to Primary Visual Cortex by Activation of the Basal Forebrain in Urethane Anesthetized Rats
.” 2009. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Gagolewicz P. Preferential Potentiation of Weaker Inputs to Primary Visual Cortex by Activation of the Basal Forebrain in Urethane Anesthetized Rats
. [Internet] [Thesis]. Queens University; 2009. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1730.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Gagolewicz P. Preferential Potentiation of Weaker Inputs to Primary Visual Cortex by Activation of the Basal Forebrain in Urethane Anesthetized Rats
. [Thesis]. Queens University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1730
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cambridge
8.
Tang, Sze-Man Clara.
The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes
.
Degree: 2018, University of Cambridge
URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270864
► Dysfunction of cholinergic and dopaminergic systems has been implicated in memory function de cits that are core pathology and associated features of several neurological disorders.…
(more)
▼ Dysfunction of cholinergic and dopaminergic systems has been implicated in memory function de cits that are core pathology and associated features of several neurological disorders. However, in order to develop more effective treatments, it is crucial to better understand how different aspects of learning and memory are modulated by these neuromodulatory systems. Using optogenetic stimulation or silencing, this thesis aims to investigate the effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic modulation on various hippocamal learning and memory processes.
To understand how these neuromodulatory systems modulate hippocampal network activity, I first examined their effects on hippocampal local field potentials in urethane-anaesthetised mice. I demonstrated that optogenetic cholinergic activation suppressed slow oscillations, shifting brain activity to a state dominated by theta and gamma oscillations. In contrast, dopaminergic activation suppressed gamma oscillations. Second, to directly probe the effects of neuromodulation on different stages of spatial learning, I acutely activated or inactivated cholinergic or dopaminergic neurons during various behavioural tasks. My findings suggested that cholinergic activation, solely during the reward phase of a long-term spatial memory task, slowed place learning, highlighting the importance of temporally-precise neuromodulation. Moreover, dopaminergic stimulation may enhance place learning of a food rewarded task, supporting a role for dopamine in spatial learning. In addition, I tested the effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic modulation on reversal learning and found that cholinergic inactivation and dopaminergic activation appear to impair this process.
Together, these findings emphasise the importance of cholinergic and dopaminergic modulation in learning and memory. They suggest that precise timing of neuromodulator action is critical for optimal learning and memory performance, and that acetylcholine and dopamine support complementary processes that allow for effective learning and adaptation to changing environments.
Subjects/Keywords: neuromodulation;
learning and memory;
network oscillations
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Tang, S. C. (2018). The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes
. (Thesis). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270864
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tang, Sze-Man Clara. “The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes
.” 2018. Thesis, University of Cambridge. Accessed October 22, 2019.
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270864.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tang, Sze-Man Clara. “The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes
.” 2018. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Tang SC. The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cambridge; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270864.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Tang SC. The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes
. [Thesis]. University of Cambridge; 2018. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270864
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
9.
Tassi, Luiz Eduardo.
O desempenho de ratos em jogo estratégico e os efeitos da modulação dopaminérgica.
Degree: PhD, Fisiologia Geral, 2011, University of São Paulo
URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-21092011-084317/
;
► A interação entre agentes inteligentes na disputa por recursos necessários à sobrevivência é um fato onipresente na luta pela vida. Este tipo de interação é…
(more)
▼ A interação entre agentes inteligentes na disputa por recursos necessários à sobrevivência é um fato onipresente na luta pela vida. Este tipo de interação é estudado e formalizado matematicamente pela teoria dos jogos. Na literatura experimental encontramos vários estudos envolvendo primatas humanos e não humanos em tarefas de jogos estratégicos, mas, até o momento, não foi desenvolvido nenhum modelo deste comportamento com roedores. Estudos do comportamento animal mostram que estes aprendem e aprimoram este tipo de estratégias através de aprendizagem por reforço. O elemento central dos modelos computacionais de aprendizado por reforço é o sinal de violação de expectativa, que sinaliza o quanto um resultado difere, para mais ou para menos, do esperado. Este sinal é utilizado pelo agente para atualização dos valores e, assim, da probabilidade de escolha das opções. A pesquisa neurofisiológica tem consistentemente demonstrado que o sinal fásico emitido pelo sistema dopaminérgico conforma-se muito de perto às características do sinal descrito pela teoria computacional. Dessa maneira, os objetivos do presente estudo são pesquisar (1) se roedores são capazes de jogar um jogo estratégico simples e se a evolução do seu desempenho é consistente com o aprendizado por reforço e (2) se os efeitos de agonistas e antagonistas dopaminérgicos na estratégia de jogo são consistentes com a teoria segundo a qual o sinal dopaminérgico fásico desempenha função central na atualização constante da estratégia de jogo. Nossos resultados demonstram que, neste jogo estratégico, roedores efetivamente são capazes de um desempenho muito próximo do normativo, que seu desempenho é consistente com o aprendizado por reforço e, finalmente, que o sistema dopaminérgico está envolvido no processo de atualização da estratégia.
Intelligent agents competing for the resources necessary for survival is a universal factor in the struggle for life. This type of interaction has been studied and mathematically formalized by game theory. In scientific literature we have come across several studies involving human and non-human primates carrying out strategic game tasks; however, until now, no model for such behavior has been developed for rodents. Animal behavior studies have shown that animals learn and develop strategies through reinforcement learning. A central element of computational models of reinforcement learning is the reward-prediction error signal, which indicates how much a result differs, either positively or negatively, from the expected result. This signal is used by the agent to update the values of its options, and so their probability of being chosen. Neurophysiologic research has consistently shown that the phasic signal emitted by the dopamine system conforms very closely to the characteristics of the signal described by computational theory. The purposes of this study are: (1) to discover whether rodents are capable of playing a simple strategic game and whether the evolution of their performance is consistent with reinforcement learning;…
Advisors/Committee Members: Xavier, Gilberto Fernando.
Subjects/Keywords: Decision making; Neuromodulação; Neuromodulation; Tomada de decisão
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APA (6th Edition):
Tassi, L. E. (2011). O desempenho de ratos em jogo estratégico e os efeitos da modulação dopaminérgica. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-21092011-084317/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tassi, Luiz Eduardo. “O desempenho de ratos em jogo estratégico e os efeitos da modulação dopaminérgica.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of São Paulo. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-21092011-084317/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tassi, Luiz Eduardo. “O desempenho de ratos em jogo estratégico e os efeitos da modulação dopaminérgica.” 2011. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Tassi LE. O desempenho de ratos em jogo estratégico e os efeitos da modulação dopaminérgica. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-21092011-084317/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Tassi LE. O desempenho de ratos em jogo estratégico e os efeitos da modulação dopaminérgica. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2011. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-21092011-084317/ ;
Kent State University
10.
Cooperrider, Jessica L.
Deep Brain Stimulation of the Lateral Cerebellar Nucleus of
Rodents Following Ischemia Promotes Functional Recovery and
Synaptic Plasticity in the Perilesional Cortex.
Degree: MS, College of Arts and Sciences / School of Biomedical
Sciences, 2013, Kent State University
URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1374716388
► Stroke is currently the leading cause of disability in the United States. More effective forms of neurorehabilitation than are currently employed are thus necessary to…
(more)
▼ Stroke is currently the leading cause of disability in
the United States. More effective forms of neurorehabilitation than
are currently employed are thus necessary to further enhance
recovery of function and reduce disability after injury. In this
study, focal ischemia of the sensorimotor cortex was induced in a
rat model after two weeks of pre-training on a skilled reaching
task. Chronic deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the lateral
cerebellar nucleus (LCN) at 30 Hz with concurrent upper limb
training was then employed for five weeks post-stroke. Results
indicate that the stimulated group attained functional recovery,
with behavioral outcome scores at the conclusion of stimulation
comparable to pre-stroke performance. Animals in the sham
stimulation group did not achieve functional improvement through
skilled reaching training alone. Active synapses in layers III/IV
of the perilesional cortex were then counted. The DBS-treated
animals demonstrated a two-fold increase in synaptic density at
sites 100, 200, and 300 microns away from the lesion border,
compared to sham animals. These results validate the effectiveness
of 30 Hz chronic stimulation of the LCN for functional recovery
from stroke and suggest that recovery may be mediated by synaptic
plasticity or synaptogenesis of the remaining perilesional
cortex.
Advisors/Committee Members: Machado, Andre (Advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; deep brain stimulation; stroke; neuromodulation
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APA (6th Edition):
Cooperrider, J. L. (2013). Deep Brain Stimulation of the Lateral Cerebellar Nucleus of
Rodents Following Ischemia Promotes Functional Recovery and
Synaptic Plasticity in the Perilesional Cortex. (Masters Thesis). Kent State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1374716388
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cooperrider, Jessica L. “Deep Brain Stimulation of the Lateral Cerebellar Nucleus of
Rodents Following Ischemia Promotes Functional Recovery and
Synaptic Plasticity in the Perilesional Cortex.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Kent State University. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1374716388.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cooperrider, Jessica L. “Deep Brain Stimulation of the Lateral Cerebellar Nucleus of
Rodents Following Ischemia Promotes Functional Recovery and
Synaptic Plasticity in the Perilesional Cortex.” 2013. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Cooperrider JL. Deep Brain Stimulation of the Lateral Cerebellar Nucleus of
Rodents Following Ischemia Promotes Functional Recovery and
Synaptic Plasticity in the Perilesional Cortex. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Kent State University; 2013. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1374716388.
Council of Science Editors:
Cooperrider JL. Deep Brain Stimulation of the Lateral Cerebellar Nucleus of
Rodents Following Ischemia Promotes Functional Recovery and
Synaptic Plasticity in the Perilesional Cortex. [Masters Thesis]. Kent State University; 2013. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1374716388
Georgia Tech
11.
Darghouth, Naim Richard.
Modeling A-current Modulation in Tritonia diomedea.
Degree: MS, Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2004, Georgia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7257
► This study uses a conductance-based computer simulation to test the feasibility of a mechanism underlying a newly-described dynamic form of neuromodulation, called spike-timing dependent neuromodulation…
(more)
▼ This study uses a conductance-based computer simulation to test the feasibility of a mechanism underlying a newly-described dynamic form of
neuromodulation, called spike-timing dependent
neuromodulation (STDN). In the mollusc, Tritonia diomedea, it was recently found that a serotonergic neuron (called DSI) alters the synaptic strength of another neuron (VSI-B) in a temporally biphasic-bidirectional manner, with an initial potentiation followed by prolonged synaptic depression (Sakurai and Katz 2003). Physiological evidence suggested that the depression phase is due to serotonin enhancing the A-current in VSI-B, thereby causing spike-narrowing or a decrease in spike amplitude, and thus a decrease in transmitter release. We sought to test the feasibility of this mechanism by developing a conductance-based model of VSI-B using a Hodgkin-Huxley style simulation with a minimal number of ion conductances: A-current, delayed rectifier potassium, fast sodium, and leak channels.
From our model, we conducted simulations in order to study how the spike shape of the VSI-B action potential changes as the A-current conductance is enhanced, from which we are able to predict the amount of depression in the post-synaptic cell. Our model indicates that the depression due to the narrowing of the spike with A-current enhancement is sufficient to account for the empirically observed depression during STDN, although it suggests a greater effect of serotonin at the terminals than is observed in the soma. Additionally, the model suggested that the slow inactivation kinetics of the A-current cannot explain the dynamics of the depression phase of STDN. These modeling results suggest that serotonergic modulation of the A-current plays a role in STDN but does not account for its dynamics.
Advisors/Committee Members: Butera, Robert (Committee Chair), Katz, Paul (Committee Co-Chair), Hasler, Paul (Committee Member), Lee, Robert (Committee Member).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuronal modeling; Neuromodulation
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APA (6th Edition):
Darghouth, N. R. (2004). Modeling A-current Modulation in Tritonia diomedea. (Masters Thesis). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7257
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Darghouth, Naim Richard. “Modeling A-current Modulation in Tritonia diomedea.” 2004. Masters Thesis, Georgia Tech. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7257.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Darghouth, Naim Richard. “Modeling A-current Modulation in Tritonia diomedea.” 2004. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Darghouth NR. Modeling A-current Modulation in Tritonia diomedea. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2004. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7257.
Council of Science Editors:
Darghouth NR. Modeling A-current Modulation in Tritonia diomedea. [Masters Thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2004. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7257
University of Cambridge
12.
Tang, Sze-Man Clara.
The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes.
Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Cambridge
URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270864
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.744462
► Dysfunction of cholinergic and dopaminergic systems has been implicated in memory function de cits that are core pathology and associated features of several neurological disorders.…
(more)
▼ Dysfunction of cholinergic and dopaminergic systems has been implicated in memory function de cits that are core pathology and associated features of several neurological disorders. However, in order to develop more effective treatments, it is crucial to better understand how different aspects of learning and memory are modulated by these neuromodulatory systems. Using optogenetic stimulation or silencing, this thesis aims to investigate the effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic modulation on various hippocamal learning and memory processes. To understand how these neuromodulatory systems modulate hippocampal network activity, I first examined their effects on hippocampal local field potentials in urethane-anaesthetised mice. I demonstrated that optogenetic cholinergic activation suppressed slow oscillations, shifting brain activity to a state dominated by theta and gamma oscillations. In contrast, dopaminergic activation suppressed gamma oscillations. Second, to directly probe the effects of neuromodulation on different stages of spatial learning, I acutely activated or inactivated cholinergic or dopaminergic neurons during various behavioural tasks. My findings suggested that cholinergic activation, solely during the reward phase of a long-term spatial memory task, slowed place learning, highlighting the importance of temporally-precise neuromodulation. Moreover, dopaminergic stimulation may enhance place learning of a food rewarded task, supporting a role for dopamine in spatial learning. In addition, I tested the effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic modulation on reversal learning and found that cholinergic inactivation and dopaminergic activation appear to impair this process. Together, these findings emphasise the importance of cholinergic and dopaminergic modulation in learning and memory. They suggest that precise timing of neuromodulator action is critical for optimal learning and memory performance, and that acetylcholine and dopamine support complementary processes that allow for effective learning and adaptation to changing environments.
Subjects/Keywords: neuromodulation; learning and memory; network oscillations
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APA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Tang, S. C. (2018). The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270864 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.744462
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tang, Sze-Man Clara. “The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed October 22, 2019.
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270864 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.744462.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tang, Sze-Man Clara. “The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes.” 2018. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Tang SC. The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270864 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.744462.
Council of Science Editors:
Tang SC. The effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons on hippocampal learning and memory processes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2018. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270864 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.744462
Queen Mary, University of London
13.
Thin, Noel N. K. S.
The clinical effects of neuromodulation therapies in the treatment of faecal incontinence.
Degree: Thesis (M.D.), 2016, Queen Mary, University of London
URL: http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24248
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765835
► Background and Aims Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is an established therapy for faecal incontinence (FI). Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) is a newer, less-invasive treatment.…
(more)
▼ Background and Aims Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is an established therapy for faecal incontinence (FI). Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) is a newer, less-invasive treatment. The effectiveness, cost and acceptability of these treatments have not been systematically compared. Methods A systematic review of neuromodulation interventions for FI and an investigator-blinded, randomised pilot trial of PTNS vs. SNS including parallel quantitative (clinical outcomes and cost) and qualitative studies. Results The systematic review determined on intention-to-treat, the median success rates for SNS were 63% (range 33-66%), 58% (range 52-81%) and 54% (range 50-58%) in the short, medium and long terms respectively. The success rate for PTNS was 59% at 12 months. In the pilot trial: 40 patients (39 female; mean age 59 years) met eligibility criteria. As designed, 23 were randomised to receive SNS and 17 PTNS. 15 patients progressed to permanent SNS implantation and 16 patients received a full course of PTNS. Within group effect sizes were marginally greater for SNS than PTNS on available case analysis. FI episodes per week at baseline, 3 months and 6 months follow-up: SNS median 5.75 (IQR 5.75-15.5 ) [mean 11.4 (SD 12.0)], 2.5 (2-4.5) [4.0 (4.0)], 1.75 (1.5-5) [4.9 (6.9)], vs. PTNS median 6.5 (IQR 2.5- 16.5) [mean 10.6 (SD 11.2)], 3.5 (0.75-7.25) [5.8 (6.9)], 2.5 (0.75-10.75) [6.3 (6.9)]. At least 50% improvement in FI episodes per week at 6 months: SNS 61% vs. PTNS 47%. Effect estimates for SNS with chronic implanted stimulation were larger (67% at 6 months). Clinical FI scores and quality of life improvements complemented these results. Qualitative analysis demonstrated a very high acceptability and safety profile for both treatments. Total costs were £2,906 (SD £122) per patient for PTNS and £12,748 (SD £4,175) for SNS. Conclusions Definitive trial data between SNS or PTNS is lacking. This RCT pilot study determined that in the short-term, SNS confers a small clinical benefit over PTNS for FI but is much more expensive.
Subjects/Keywords: Bowel Research; Neuromodulation therapies; Faecal incontinence
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APA (6th Edition):
Thin, N. N. K. S. (2016). The clinical effects of neuromodulation therapies in the treatment of faecal incontinence. (Doctoral Dissertation). Queen Mary, University of London. Retrieved from http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24248 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765835
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Thin, Noel N K S. “The clinical effects of neuromodulation therapies in the treatment of faecal incontinence.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Queen Mary, University of London. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24248 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765835.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Thin, Noel N K S. “The clinical effects of neuromodulation therapies in the treatment of faecal incontinence.” 2016. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Thin NNKS. The clinical effects of neuromodulation therapies in the treatment of faecal incontinence. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Queen Mary, University of London; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24248 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765835.
Council of Science Editors:
Thin NNKS. The clinical effects of neuromodulation therapies in the treatment of faecal incontinence. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Queen Mary, University of London; 2016. Available from: http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24248 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765835
University of Minnesota
14.
Roy, Abhrajeet.
Delineating the Neural Correlates of Visual Awareness through the Integration of Multimodal Neuroimaging and Noninvasive Electrical Neuromodulation.
Degree: PhD, Biomedical Engineering, 2016, University of Minnesota
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/202147
► In recent years, there has been a push to develop a fundamental theory of consciousness in the neuroscience community. However, to date, the physical mechanisms…
(more)
▼ In recent years, there has been a push to develop a fundamental theory of consciousness in the neuroscience community. However, to date, the physical mechanisms underlying conscious awareness remain unclear. The major aim of this dissertation was to delineate neural correlates of consciousness through the integration of multimodal functional neuroimaging and noninvasive electrical neuromodulation. To this extent, we utilized simultaneous EEG-fMRI imaging to investigate both the electrophysiological and hemodynamic correlates of visual awareness during binocular rivalry. Binocular rivalry is a classic visual phenomenon in which one’s perception spontaneously fluctuates between two different images that are presented simultaneously to the viewer, one to each eye. These random alternations in visual awareness occur despite the static dichoptic input, making binocular rivalry a promising framework for the study of brain networks involved in consciousness. In addition, we evaluated the feasibility of using transcranial direct/alternating current stimulation to modulate behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of rivalry and visual perception in general. Our findings point to the existence of multiple neural networks operating independently during rivalry for its resolution. Differential patterns of activation in fronto-parietal networks and across the default mode network were associated with both subjective changes in visual awareness and maintaining perceptual stability during rivalry. Collectively, our findings suggest that suppression of eye-specific neural activity during rivalry is mainly due to bottom-up processing in early visual cortex, while fronto-parietal activity appears more generalized and predominantly related to attentional processes and conscious awareness of changes in sensory information.
Subjects/Keywords: awareness; consciousness; EEG-fMRI; neuromodulation; rivalry; vision
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APA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Roy, A. (2016). Delineating the Neural Correlates of Visual Awareness through the Integration of Multimodal Neuroimaging and Noninvasive Electrical Neuromodulation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/202147
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Roy, Abhrajeet. “Delineating the Neural Correlates of Visual Awareness through the Integration of Multimodal Neuroimaging and Noninvasive Electrical Neuromodulation.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/11299/202147.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Roy, Abhrajeet. “Delineating the Neural Correlates of Visual Awareness through the Integration of Multimodal Neuroimaging and Noninvasive Electrical Neuromodulation.” 2016. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Roy A. Delineating the Neural Correlates of Visual Awareness through the Integration of Multimodal Neuroimaging and Noninvasive Electrical Neuromodulation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/202147.
Council of Science Editors:
Roy A. Delineating the Neural Correlates of Visual Awareness through the Integration of Multimodal Neuroimaging and Noninvasive Electrical Neuromodulation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/202147
Vanderbilt University
15.
Duke, Austin Robert.
Selective control of electrical neural activation using infrared light.
Degree: PhD, Biomedical Engineering, 2012, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-11262012-113732/
;
► The neurostimulation market is one of the fastest growing sectors of the medical device industry. This is primarily due to both an increasing patient population…
(more)
▼ The neurostimulation market is one of the fastest growing sectors of the medical device industry. This is primarily due to both an increasing patient population and recent advances in clinical neural interfaces. However, the need for restored neural function remains largely unmet and will require refinements to current technology and development of novel solutions. To fully control neural function and analyze the dynamics of neural circuitry, it is necessary to have tools capable of selectively exciting and inhibiting sub-populations of neurons. Advances in electrical neural interfaces have greatly improved selective stimulation. In addition, electrical methods of blocking nerve conduction have been demonstrated. Recently, a novel optical stimulation technique was developed whereby pulsed infrared light achieves neural activation with spatiotemporal precision. This dissertation investigates the hypothesis that electrical and optical techniques are complimentary and can be cooperatively applied to control neural function. The synergistic combination of pulsed electric current and infrared light is evaluated in a myelinated mammalian nerve, and the methodology is refined through systematic investigation in both unmyelinated and myelinated nerve preparations. This hybrid approach to neurostimulation exhibits spatial specificity of activation while reducing stimulation currents and optical radiant exposures. Infrared light is not only shown to selectively enhance electrical neural excitation, but also to inhibit electrically initiated axonal activation and block propagating action potentials. The utility of this technique is demonstrated through the modulation of neuromuscular function, with the underlying mechanism likely mediated by local infrared-induced changes in baseline nerve temperature. Application of infrared light is shown to selectively enhance and inhibit electrically stimulated muscle activity and contraction force in both unmyelinated and myelinated nerves. The results of this work indicate there is a rich set of interactions between light and excitable tissues, and infrared light can be applied as a multi-faceted tool for selectively controlling neural function for both research and clinical applications.
Advisors/Committee Members: E. Duco Jansen (chair), Anita Mahadevan-Jansen (committee member), Peter Konrad (committee member), Hillel Chiel (committee member), Bob Galloway (committee member), Claus-Peter Richter (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: temperature; hybrid; neuromodulation; neurostimulation; nerve stimulation; infrared
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APA (6th Edition):
Duke, A. R. (2012). Selective control of electrical neural activation using infrared light. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-11262012-113732/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Duke, Austin Robert. “Selective control of electrical neural activation using infrared light.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-11262012-113732/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Duke, Austin Robert. “Selective control of electrical neural activation using infrared light.” 2012. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Duke AR. Selective control of electrical neural activation using infrared light. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-11262012-113732/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Duke AR. Selective control of electrical neural activation using infrared light. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-11262012-113732/ ;
Vanderbilt University
16.
Chaplin, Vandiver Lazenby.
Precision and Selectivity: New Techniques in Image Guided Focused Ultrasound.
Degree: PhD, Chemical and Physical Biology, 2018, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03212018-164928/
;
► Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a non-invasive technology with a growing body of applications in interventional therapy and preclinical research. FUS uses geometrically focused transducers that…
(more)
▼ Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a non-invasive technology with a growing body of applications in interventional therapy and preclinical research. FUS uses geometrically focused transducers that transmit convergent acoustic fields from outside the body, and by adjusting parameters such as duration, frequency and amplitude, a variety of destructive and non-destructive biological effects can be achieved non-invasively with good spatial precision. FUS may be particularly advantageous in the brain, as no competing method for
neuromodulation exists that is both spatially accurate and non-invasive, but further research is required to understand whether acoustic waves affect neural function. FUS research is mainly concerned with mapping acoustic parameters that reliably correlate to biological effects, and developing systems to accurately delivering FUS energy. This work develops tools, techniques, and systems for preclinical FUS investigations in both brain
neuromodulation and minimally-intense mild hyperthermia in the body. First, a multi-focal method for mild hyperthermia with reduced cavitation risk is presented, which may be useful in drug-delivery or immune-modulation treatments. Next, a novel approach to optically-tracked FUS is presented. This systems allows real-time targeting of the somatosensory cortex (S1) in non-human primates, estimation of spatial energy distribution and alignment of MR-gradients along the focus for MR-ARFI, and first-ever images of acoustic displacement in a large, living brain. Finally, a new phased-array is developed for S1 targets using a rational design approach. Cortical targeting is evaluated via an unprecedented method for mapping pressure fields in the vicinity of the skull bone.
Advisors/Committee Members: William Grissom (chair), Charles Caskey (committee member), Daniel Brown (committee member), Brett Byram (committee member), Michael Miga (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: focused ultrasound; magnetic resonance; HIFU; neuromodulation
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APA (6th Edition):
Chaplin, V. L. (2018). Precision and Selectivity: New Techniques in Image Guided Focused Ultrasound. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03212018-164928/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chaplin, Vandiver Lazenby. “Precision and Selectivity: New Techniques in Image Guided Focused Ultrasound.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03212018-164928/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chaplin, Vandiver Lazenby. “Precision and Selectivity: New Techniques in Image Guided Focused Ultrasound.” 2018. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Chaplin VL. Precision and Selectivity: New Techniques in Image Guided Focused Ultrasound. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03212018-164928/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Chaplin VL. Precision and Selectivity: New Techniques in Image Guided Focused Ultrasound. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2018. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03212018-164928/ ;
University of Minnesota
17.
Nagaraj, Vivek.
Optimizing electrical brain stimulation for seizure disorders.
Degree: PhD, Neuroscience, 2017, University of Minnesota
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/188920
► Approximately 1% of the world population is afflicted with Epilepsy. For many patients, antiepileptic drugs do not fully control seizures. Electrical brain stimulation therapies have…
(more)
▼ Approximately 1% of the world population is afflicted with Epilepsy. For many patients, antiepileptic drugs do not fully control seizures. Electrical brain stimulation therapies have been effective in reducing seizure rates in some patients. While current neuromodulation devices provide a benefit to patients, efficacy can be improved by optimizing brain stimulation so that the therapy is tuned on a patient by patient basis. One optimization approach is to target deep brain regions that strongly modulate seizure prone regions. I will present data on the effects of stimulation of two different anatomical regions for seizure control, and establish my experimental platform for testing closed-loop algorithms. There are two general methods to implementing closed-loop algorithms to modulate neural activity: 1) Model-free algorithms that require a learning period to establish an optimal mapping between neural states and best therapeutic parameters, and 2) Model-based algorithms that use forward predictions of the neural system to determine the appropriate stimulation therapy to be administered. In this thesis, I will propose and test two closed-loop control schemes to control the brain activity to prevent epileptogenic activity while reducing stimulation energy. I will also present techniques to remove stimulation artifacts so that neural biomarkers can be measured while simultaneously applying stimulation. The methods I will present could potentially be implemented in next generation electrical brain stimulation hardware for seizure disorders and other neurological diseases.
Subjects/Keywords: Closed-loop; Epilepsy; Neuromodulation; Optimization; Seizure
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APA (6th Edition):
Nagaraj, V. (2017). Optimizing electrical brain stimulation for seizure disorders. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/188920
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nagaraj, Vivek. “Optimizing electrical brain stimulation for seizure disorders.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/11299/188920.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nagaraj, Vivek. “Optimizing electrical brain stimulation for seizure disorders.” 2017. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Nagaraj V. Optimizing electrical brain stimulation for seizure disorders. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/188920.
Council of Science Editors:
Nagaraj V. Optimizing electrical brain stimulation for seizure disorders. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/188920
University of Connecticut
18.
Ellenberg, Justin T.
Proportional Suppression of NMDA and AMPA Mediated Synaptic Responses in Layer 2/3 Pyramids from Rat Visual Cortex by Adenosine.
Degree: MS, Psychological Sciences, 2017, University of Connecticut
URL: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/1090
► Adenosine (ADO) is an abundant endogenous neuromodulator, with a generally suppressive effect on excitatory synaptic transmission. Previous research has shown that in different brain…
(more)
▼ Adenosine (ADO) is an abundant endogenous neuromodulator, with a generally suppressive effect on excitatory synaptic transmission. Previous research has shown that in different brain structures adenosine may have heterogeneous effects on the balance of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated and non-NMDA receptor-mediated currents. In hippocampal pyramids, adenosine proportionally reduced the NMDA and non-NMDA mediated excitatory currents, whereas dopaminergic neurons in rat midbrain, adenosine preferentially reduced NMDA currents. It is known that in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of rat visual cortex, adenosine suppresses excitatory synaptic transmission. However, it remains unknown whether adenosine has the same effect on NMDA and AMPA-mediated currents. Here we asked whether NMDA-mediated currents are suppressed by adenosine differentially from AMPA-mediated currents, or whether the NMDA/AMPA balance is maintained in synaptic responses of layer 2/3 pyramids during application of adenosine. To test this, we conducted
in vitro whole-cell recordings from layer 2/3 pyramids in slices from rat visual cortex and, studied synaptic currents evoked with stimulating electrodes located in layer 4. Mixed excitatory postsynaptic currents composed of AMPA and NMDA-mediated components were recorded on the background of blockade of inhibition by 2-100µM picrotoxin (PTX). Application of adenosine (20µM) led to a proportional decrease of NMDA and AMPA mediated currents, so that their balance in compound responses was maintained. These results were confirmed with recording of isolated NMDA and AMPA currents, which showed a similar reduction in amplitude. Thus, in synaptic inputs to layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of rat visual cortex, adenosine reduces the amplitude of NMDA and AMPA-mediated currents proportionally.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxim Volgushev, John Salamone, Mary Bruno, Maxim Volgushev.
Subjects/Keywords: adenosine; NMDA; AMPA; synaptic transmission; neocortex; neuromodulation
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APA (6th Edition):
Ellenberg, J. T. (2017). Proportional Suppression of NMDA and AMPA Mediated Synaptic Responses in Layer 2/3 Pyramids from Rat Visual Cortex by Adenosine. (Masters Thesis). University of Connecticut. Retrieved from https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/1090
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ellenberg, Justin T. “Proportional Suppression of NMDA and AMPA Mediated Synaptic Responses in Layer 2/3 Pyramids from Rat Visual Cortex by Adenosine.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Connecticut. Accessed October 22, 2019.
https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/1090.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ellenberg, Justin T. “Proportional Suppression of NMDA and AMPA Mediated Synaptic Responses in Layer 2/3 Pyramids from Rat Visual Cortex by Adenosine.” 2017. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Ellenberg JT. Proportional Suppression of NMDA and AMPA Mediated Synaptic Responses in Layer 2/3 Pyramids from Rat Visual Cortex by Adenosine. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Connecticut; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/1090.
Council of Science Editors:
Ellenberg JT. Proportional Suppression of NMDA and AMPA Mediated Synaptic Responses in Layer 2/3 Pyramids from Rat Visual Cortex by Adenosine. [Masters Thesis]. University of Connecticut; 2017. Available from: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/1090
New Jersey Institute of Technology
19.
Fox, David Michael.
Biophysical mechanisms of frequency-dependence and its neuromodulation in neurons in oscillatory networks.
Degree: PhD, Federated Department of Biological Sciences, 2017, New Jersey Institute of Technology
URL: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/52
► In response to oscillatory input, many isolated neurons exhibit a preferred frequency response in their voltage amplitude and phase shift. Membrane potential resonance (MPR),…
(more)
▼ In response to oscillatory input, many isolated neurons exhibit a preferred frequency response in their voltage amplitude and phase shift. Membrane potential resonance (MPR), a maximum amplitude in a neuron’s input impedance at a non-zero frequency, captures the essential subthreshold properties of a neuron, which may provide a coordinating mechanism for organizing the activity of oscillatory neuronal networks around a given frequency. In the pyloric central pattern generator network of the crab
Cancer borealis, for example, the pacemaker group pyloric dilator neurons show MPR at a frequency that is correlated with the network frequency. This dissertation uses the crab pyloric CPG to examine how, in one neuron type, interactions of ionic currents, even when expressed at different levels, can produce consistent MPR properties, how MPR properties are modified by neuromodulators and how such modifications may lead to distinct functional effects at different network frequencies.
Advisors/Committee Members: Farzan Nadim, Horacio G. Rotstein, Gal Haspel.
Subjects/Keywords: Resonance; Oscillation; Neuromodulation; Modeling; Optimization; Stomatogastric; Biology
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APA (6th Edition):
Fox, D. M. (2017). Biophysical mechanisms of frequency-dependence and its neuromodulation in neurons in oscillatory networks. (Doctoral Dissertation). New Jersey Institute of Technology. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/52
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fox, David Michael. “Biophysical mechanisms of frequency-dependence and its neuromodulation in neurons in oscillatory networks.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, New Jersey Institute of Technology. Accessed October 22, 2019.
https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/52.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fox, David Michael. “Biophysical mechanisms of frequency-dependence and its neuromodulation in neurons in oscillatory networks.” 2017. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Fox DM. Biophysical mechanisms of frequency-dependence and its neuromodulation in neurons in oscillatory networks. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. New Jersey Institute of Technology; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/52.
Council of Science Editors:
Fox DM. Biophysical mechanisms of frequency-dependence and its neuromodulation in neurons in oscillatory networks. [Doctoral Dissertation]. New Jersey Institute of Technology; 2017. Available from: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/52
University of Minnesota
20.
Gloeckner, Cory Dale.
Inducing Neural Plasticity and Modulation Using Multisensory Stimulation: Techniques for Sensory Disorder Treatment.
Degree: PhD, Biomedical Engineering, 2017, University of Minnesota
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206274
► In this dissertation, we characterized the modulatory and plasticity effects of paired multisensory stimulation on neural firing in sensory systems across the brain. In the…
(more)
▼ In this dissertation, we characterized the modulatory and plasticity effects of paired multisensory stimulation on neural firing in sensory systems across the brain. In the auditory system, we discovered that electrical somatosensory stimulation can either suppress or facilitate neural firing in the inferior colliculus (IC) and primary auditory cortex (A1) depending stimulation location. We also tested plasticity effects in A1 in response to paired somatosensory and acoustic stimulation with different inter-stimulus delays in anesthetized guinea pigs, and found that plasticity induced by paired acoustic and right mastoid stimulation was consistently suppressive regardless of delay, but paired acoustic and pinna stimulation was timing-dependent, where one inter-stimulus delay was consistently suppressive while other delays induced random changes. These experiments were repeated in awake animals with paired acoustic and pinna stimulation, and two animal groups of different stress levels were used to assess stress effects on plasticity. We found that in low-stress animals, the same inter-stimulus delay was consistently suppressive and a neighboring delay was consistently facilitative across all animals, which matches previous invasive spike-timing dependent plasticity studies (anesthesia may have affected these trends). Meanwhile, high-stress animal results were not consistent with expected time dependence and exhibited no trends across inter-stimulus delays, indicating that stress can have adverse effects on neuromodulation plasticity outcomes. In all other primary sensory cortices, we found that differential effects can be induced with paired sensory stimulation such that the location, amount, type, and timing of plasticity can be controlled by strategically choosing sensory stimulation parameters for modulation of each sensory cortex. We also investigated the ability to target subpopulations of neurons within a brain region and found that by stimulating at levels near activation thresholds, specific subpopulations of IC neurons can be targeted by varying somatosensory stimulation location. Furthermore, acoustic stimulation can excite or modulate specific areas of somatosensory cortex, and we mapped the guinea pig homunculus to characterize this. Overall, these findings illustrate the immense interconnectivity between sensory systems, and multisensory stimulation may provide a noninvasive neuromodulation approach for inducing controlled plasticity to disrupt pathogenic neural activity in neural sensory disorders, such as tinnitus and pain.
Subjects/Keywords: cortex; multisensory; neuromodulation; pain; plasticity; tinnitus
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APA (6th Edition):
Gloeckner, C. D. (2017). Inducing Neural Plasticity and Modulation Using Multisensory Stimulation: Techniques for Sensory Disorder Treatment. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206274
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gloeckner, Cory Dale. “Inducing Neural Plasticity and Modulation Using Multisensory Stimulation: Techniques for Sensory Disorder Treatment.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206274.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gloeckner, Cory Dale. “Inducing Neural Plasticity and Modulation Using Multisensory Stimulation: Techniques for Sensory Disorder Treatment.” 2017. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Gloeckner CD. Inducing Neural Plasticity and Modulation Using Multisensory Stimulation: Techniques for Sensory Disorder Treatment. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206274.
Council of Science Editors:
Gloeckner CD. Inducing Neural Plasticity and Modulation Using Multisensory Stimulation: Techniques for Sensory Disorder Treatment. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206274
University of Sydney
21.
Taylor, Matthew.
Investigation and Quantification of FES Exercise – Isometric Electromechanics and Perceptions of Its Usage as an Exercise Modality for Various Populations
.
Degree: 2018, University of Sydney
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20435
► Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is the triggering of muscle contraction by use of an electrical current. It can be used to give paralyzed individuals several…
(more)
▼ Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is the triggering of muscle contraction by use of an electrical current. It can be used to give paralyzed individuals several health benefits, through allowing artificial movement and exercise. Although many FES devices exist, many aspects require innovation to increase usability and home translation. In addition, the effect of changing electrical parameters on limb biomechanics is not entirely understood; in particular with regards to stimulation duty cycle.
This thesis has two distinct components. In the first (public health component), interview studies were conducted to understand several issues related to FES technology enhancement, implementation and home translation. In the second (computational biomechanics component), novel signal processing algorithms were designed that can be used to measure mechanical responses of muscles subjected to electrical stimulation. These experiments were performed by changing duty cycle and measuring its effect on quadriceps-generated knee torque. The studies of this thesis have presented several ideas, toolkits and results which have the potential to guide future FES biomechanics studies and the translatability of systems into regular usage for patients. The public health studies have provided conceptual frameworks upon which FES may be used in the home by patients. In addition, they have elucidated a range of issues that need to be addressed should FES technology reach its true potential as a therapy. The computational biomechanics studies have put forward novel data analysis techniques which may be used for understanding how muscle responds to electrical stimulation, as measured via torque. Furthermore, the effect of changing the electrical stimulation duty cycle on torque was successfully described, adding to an understanding of how electrical stimulation parameter modulation can influence joint biomechanics.
Subjects/Keywords: Biomechanics;
rehabilitation;
neuromodulation;
interviews;
electrical stimulation
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APA (6th Edition):
Taylor, M. (2018). Investigation and Quantification of FES Exercise – Isometric Electromechanics and Perceptions of Its Usage as an Exercise Modality for Various Populations
. (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20435
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Taylor, Matthew. “Investigation and Quantification of FES Exercise – Isometric Electromechanics and Perceptions of Its Usage as an Exercise Modality for Various Populations
.” 2018. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20435.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Taylor, Matthew. “Investigation and Quantification of FES Exercise – Isometric Electromechanics and Perceptions of Its Usage as an Exercise Modality for Various Populations
.” 2018. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Taylor M. Investigation and Quantification of FES Exercise – Isometric Electromechanics and Perceptions of Its Usage as an Exercise Modality for Various Populations
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20435.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Taylor M. Investigation and Quantification of FES Exercise – Isometric Electromechanics and Perceptions of Its Usage as an Exercise Modality for Various Populations
. [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20435
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
22.
Pougnet, Johan.
Régulation du trafic des récepteurs AMPA et de la plasticité synaptique induite par les récepteurs P2X : ATP P2X receptors down-regulate ampa receptor trafficking and postsynaptic efficacy in hippocampal neurons.
Degree: Docteur es, Sciences, technologie, santé. Neurosciences, 2013, Université de Bordeaux Segalen
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22062
► Les récepteurs ionotropiques AMPA (AMPAR) activés par le glutamate sont les principaux acteurs de la transmission synaptique excitatrice rapide du cerveau. Ils jouent également un…
(more)
▼ Les récepteurs ionotropiques AMPA (AMPAR) activés par le glutamate sont les principaux acteurs de la transmission synaptique excitatrice rapide du cerveau. Ils jouent également un rôle crucial dans les processus de plasticité synaptique, reconnus pour être à la base des fonctions cognitives. Les récepteurs canaux P2X sont activés par l'adénosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) extracellulaire libéré par les neurones ou les cellules gliales. Ils sont exprimés dans le cerveau en périphérie des synapses glutamatergiques, où ils participent à l’excitabilité neuronale et modulent la transmission synaptique ainsi que la plasticité synaptique. Bien que la signalisation purinergique ait de multiples effets sur la transmission et la plasticité synaptique, la fonction des récepteurs P2X au niveau des synapses du cerveau reste à établir. Ici, nous montrons dans les neurones d'hippocampe en culture que l'activation des récepteurs P2X postsynaptiques par l'ATP exogène ou via la libération d'ATP endogène par les cellules gliales diminue l'amplitude des courants miniatures et évoqués des AMPAR postsynaptiques. En utilisant des approches d’électrophysiologie, de biochimie et d'imagerie en temps réel, nous démontrons que l'afflux de calcium passant par les canaux P2X déclenche l’internalisation des AMPAR par un mécanisme d’endocytose clathrine et dynamine dépendante. Cette diminution de surface altère par conséquent la transmission synaptique médiée par les AMPAR. Nous avons aussi démontré par des approches moléculaires et pharmacologiques la cascade de signalisation engagée dans l’altération du trafic des AMPAR de surface après activation des récepteurs P2X. Cette inhibition par les récepteurs P2X, serait dépendante de l’activation de kinases et des phosphatases qui régulent le niveau de phosphorylation des AMPAR. Nos travaux de recherche suggèrent ainsi, que les récepteurs postsynaptiques P2X jouent un rôle essentiel dans la régulation de l'expression de surface des AMPAR et régulent ainsi la force et la plasticité synaptique.
Ionotropic AMPA receptors (AMPAR) activated by glutamate are the main actors of the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. They also play a crucial role in the process of synaptic plasticity that are widely recognized to be the basis cognitive functions. P2X receptors are ATP-gated cation channels widely expressed in the brain where they mediate action of extracellular adenosine-5’-triphosphate (ATP) released by neurons or glia. P2X receptors are located et the periphery of glutamatergic synapses and although purinergic signaling has multiple effects on synaptic transmission and plasticity, the function of P2X receptors at brain synapses remains to be established.Here, we show in cultured hippocampal neurons that activation of postsynaptic P2X receptors by exogenous ATP or glial release of endogenous ATP decreases the amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents and AMPA-evoked currents. Using a combination of electrophysiology, surface or internalization assays and real time imaging, we…
Advisors/Committee Members: Boué-Grabot, Eric (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Récepteurs P2X; AMPAR; Endocytose; Neuromodulation; Synapse; P2X receptors; AMPAR; Endocytosis; Neuromodulation; Synapse
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APA (6th Edition):
Pougnet, J. (2013). Régulation du trafic des récepteurs AMPA et de la plasticité synaptique induite par les récepteurs P2X : ATP P2X receptors down-regulate ampa receptor trafficking and postsynaptic efficacy in hippocampal neurons. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université de Bordeaux Segalen. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22062
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pougnet, Johan. “Régulation du trafic des récepteurs AMPA et de la plasticité synaptique induite par les récepteurs P2X : ATP P2X receptors down-regulate ampa receptor trafficking and postsynaptic efficacy in hippocampal neurons.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Université de Bordeaux Segalen. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22062.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pougnet, Johan. “Régulation du trafic des récepteurs AMPA et de la plasticité synaptique induite par les récepteurs P2X : ATP P2X receptors down-regulate ampa receptor trafficking and postsynaptic efficacy in hippocampal neurons.” 2013. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Pougnet J. Régulation du trafic des récepteurs AMPA et de la plasticité synaptique induite par les récepteurs P2X : ATP P2X receptors down-regulate ampa receptor trafficking and postsynaptic efficacy in hippocampal neurons. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université de Bordeaux Segalen; 2013. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22062.
Council of Science Editors:
Pougnet J. Régulation du trafic des récepteurs AMPA et de la plasticité synaptique induite par les récepteurs P2X : ATP P2X receptors down-regulate ampa receptor trafficking and postsynaptic efficacy in hippocampal neurons. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université de Bordeaux Segalen; 2013. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22062
23.
Smith, Richard.
Neuromodulation in the Olfactory Bulb : Neuromodulation dans le bulbe olfactif.
Degree: Docteur es, Cerveau, Cognition, Comportement, 2015, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066194
► La neuromodulation de circuits olfactifs par l'acétylcholine (ACh) joue un rôle important dans la discrimination et l'apprentissage d’odeur. Le traitement précoce des signaux chimiosensoriels se…
(more)
▼ La neuromodulation de circuits olfactifs par l'acétylcholine (ACh) joue un rôle important dans la discrimination et l'apprentissage d’odeur. Le traitement précoce des signaux chimiosensoriels se produit dans deux régions fonctionnellement et anatomiquement distinctes, les principaux et accessoires bulbes olfactifs (MOB et AOB), qui reçoivent entrée cholinergique significative du cerveau antérieur basal. Ici, nous explorons la régulation des circuits de l’AOB et la MOB par ACh, et comment cette modulation influence le comportement à médiation olfactifs. De manière surprenante, malgré la présence d'un circuit conservé, l'activation des récepteurs muscariniques de l'ACh révèle des différences marquées dans la modulation cholinergique des neurones de sortie: l’excitation de l’AOB et l'inhibition de la MOB. Les cellules granulaires (GCs), le neurone intrinsèque le plus abondant dans l'OB, présentaient également une réponse muscarinique complexe. Alors que les GCs de l’AOB ont été excitées, les GCs de la MOB présentaient une action muscarinique double, une hyperpolarisation et une augmentation de l'excitabilité non couvert par la dépolarisation cellulaire. Par ailleurs, l’ACh a eu un effet différent sur la relation d'entrée / sortie des MCs dans l’AOB et la MOB, montrant un effet net sur le gain en les MCs de la MOB, mais pas dans l'AOB. Fait intéressant, malgré les différences frappantes dans les actions neuromodulateurs sur les neurones de sortie, l'inhibition de la libération d'ACh chemogenetic produit des perturbations similaires dans les comportements olfactifs médiés par ces deux régions. La diminution de l’ACh dans l'OB a perturbé la discrimination naturelle des odeurs liées moléculairement et l'enquête naturelle des odeurs associées à des comportements sociaux. Ainsi, la neuromodulation distincte par l’ACh dans ces circuits pourrait déclencher des solutions différentes générales pour le traitement des odeurs et les médiateurs chimiques, ainsi que les comportements olfactifs diverses qu'ils déclenchent.
Neuromodulation of olfactory circuits by acetylcholine (ACh) plays an important role in odor discrimination and learning. Early processing of chemosensory signals occurs in two functionally and anatomically distinct regions, the main and accessory olfactory bulbs (MOB and AOB), which receive significant cholinergic input from the basal forebrain. Here we explore the regulation of AOB and MOB circuits by ACh, and how this modulation influences olfactory mediated behaviors. Surprisingly, despite the presence of a conserved circuit, activation of muscarinic ACh receptors revealed marked differences in cholinergic modulation of output neurons: excitation in the AOB and inhibition in the MOB. Granule cells (GCs), the most abundant intrinsic neuron in the OB, also exhibited a complex muscarinic response. While GCs in the AOB were excited, MOB GCs exhibited a dual muscarinic action, a hyperpolarization and an increase in excitability uncovered by cell depolarization. Furthermore, ACh had a different effect on the…
Advisors/Committee Members: Araneda, Ricardo (thesis director), Marty, Alain (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Cholinergique; Neuromodulation; Olfactifs; Bulbes olfactifs; Muscariniques; Comportements sociaux; Olfactory bulbs; Neuromodulation; 616.8
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APA (6th Edition):
Smith, R. (2015). Neuromodulation in the Olfactory Bulb : Neuromodulation dans le bulbe olfactif. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066194
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Smith, Richard. “Neuromodulation in the Olfactory Bulb : Neuromodulation dans le bulbe olfactif.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066194.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Smith, Richard. “Neuromodulation in the Olfactory Bulb : Neuromodulation dans le bulbe olfactif.” 2015. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Smith R. Neuromodulation in the Olfactory Bulb : Neuromodulation dans le bulbe olfactif. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066194.
Council of Science Editors:
Smith R. Neuromodulation in the Olfactory Bulb : Neuromodulation dans le bulbe olfactif. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI; 2015. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066194
24.
Geiger, Maxime.
Etude des effets de la stimulation électrique transcrânienne en courant continu (tDCS) sur la fonction motrice volontaire et semi-automatique chez des patients hémiparétiques post AVC : Impact of transcranial direct curent stimulation on voluntary and semi-automatic movement in patient with stroke.
Degree: Docteur es, Sciences du sport et du mouvement humain, 2019, Paris Saclay
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS072
► Chez les patients hémiparétiques chroniques, la tDCS a été testée sur diverses tâches du membre inférieur, montrant des résultats intéressants, mais parfois contradictoires. Cependant, les…
(more)
▼ Chez les patients hémiparétiques chroniques, la tDCS a été testée sur diverses tâches du membre inférieur, montrant des résultats intéressants, mais parfois contradictoires. Cependant, les effets de la tDCS sur la fonction motrice volontaire (extension de genou) et semi-automatique (locomotion) chez des patients hémiparétiques ne sont pas encore totalement connus. L’objet de ce travail était d’évaluer contre placébo les effets de la tDCS en polarité anodale sur les fonctions motrices volontaires et semi-automatiques, chez des patients hémiparétiques. L’étude comporte deux parties : la première a pour but d’évaluer l’effet contre placébo de la tDCS bilatérale sur la force volontaire maximale du quadriceps parétique par isocinétisme, la seconde a pour objectif d’étudier les effets contre placébo des effets de la tDCS unilatérale sur la marche par analyse tridimensionnelle du mouvement. Les résultats ont montré une absence d’effet de la tDCS sur les deux types de mouvements étudiés. De plus, la tDCS n’a pas eu d’effet sur la spasticité du quadriceps ni sur la performance aux tests fonctionnels des patients hémiparétiques. Cela suggère qu’il n’y a pas d’intérêt à l’utilisation de la tDCS bilatérale pour améliorer une performance motrice maximale (l’extension de genou) ni de la tDCS unilatérale pour améliorer un mouvement semi-automatique (la locomotion) chez les patients hémiparétiques chroniques. Les perspectives envisagées sont de reconduire ces expérimentations chez un groupe homogène de patients hémiparétiques en phase aigüe ou subaigüe afin de potentialiser les phénomènes plastiques post-lésionnels. Ceci permettra de renforcer ou non l’intérêt de l’utilisation de la tDCS chez les patients hémiparétiques afin d’améliorer leurs performances motrices.
In chronic hemiparetic patients, the use of tDCS has been tested on various lower limb tasks, showing interesting but sometimes contradictory results. However, the effects of tDCS on voluntary (knee extension) and semi-automatic (locomotion) motor function in hemiparetic patients are not yet fully known. The purpose of this work was to quantify the effects of tDCS in anodal polarity on the voluntary and semi-automatic motor functions in placebo-controlled studies. The study is divided into two parts: the first aims to evaluate the effect against placebo of bilateral tDCS on the maximal voluntary force of the paretic quadriceps by isokinetic assessment, the second aims to study the effects against placebo of unilateral tDCS on the gait of chronic hemiparetic patients, assessed by three-dimensional gait analysis. The results showed an absence of effect of tDCS on the two types of movements studied. In addition, tDCS had no effect on quadriceps spasticity or functional test performance in hemiparetic patients. This suggests that there is no interest in using bilateral tDCS to improve maximal motor performance (knee extension) or unilateral tDCS to improve semi-automatic movement (locomotion) in chronic hemiparetic patients. The envisaged perspectives are to continue these…
Advisors/Committee Members: Roche, Nicolas (thesis director), Do, Manh-Cuong (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: AVC; TDCS; Locomotion; Force; Hémiparésie; Neuromodulation; Stroke; TDCS; Locomotion; Strenght; Hemiparesis; Neuromodulation
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Geiger, M. (2019). Etude des effets de la stimulation électrique transcrânienne en courant continu (tDCS) sur la fonction motrice volontaire et semi-automatique chez des patients hémiparétiques post AVC : Impact of transcranial direct curent stimulation on voluntary and semi-automatic movement in patient with stroke. (Doctoral Dissertation). Paris Saclay. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS072
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Geiger, Maxime. “Etude des effets de la stimulation électrique transcrânienne en courant continu (tDCS) sur la fonction motrice volontaire et semi-automatique chez des patients hémiparétiques post AVC : Impact of transcranial direct curent stimulation on voluntary and semi-automatic movement in patient with stroke.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Paris Saclay. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS072.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Geiger, Maxime. “Etude des effets de la stimulation électrique transcrânienne en courant continu (tDCS) sur la fonction motrice volontaire et semi-automatique chez des patients hémiparétiques post AVC : Impact of transcranial direct curent stimulation on voluntary and semi-automatic movement in patient with stroke.” 2019. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Geiger M. Etude des effets de la stimulation électrique transcrânienne en courant continu (tDCS) sur la fonction motrice volontaire et semi-automatique chez des patients hémiparétiques post AVC : Impact of transcranial direct curent stimulation on voluntary and semi-automatic movement in patient with stroke. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Paris Saclay; 2019. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS072.
Council of Science Editors:
Geiger M. Etude des effets de la stimulation électrique transcrânienne en courant continu (tDCS) sur la fonction motrice volontaire et semi-automatique chez des patients hémiparétiques post AVC : Impact of transcranial direct curent stimulation on voluntary and semi-automatic movement in patient with stroke. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Paris Saclay; 2019. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS072
25.
Gustafsson, Jimmy.
Evolving Neuromodulatory Topologies for Plasticity in Video Game Playing.
Degree: 2016, , Department of Software Engineering
URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12888
► In the last decades neural networks have become more frequent in video games. Neuroevolution helps us generate optimal network topologies for specific tasks, but…
(more)
▼ In the last decades neural networks have become more frequent in video games. Neuroevolution helps us generate optimal network topologies for specific tasks, but there are still still unexplored areas of neuroevolution, and ways of improving the performance of neural networks, which we could utilize for video game playing. The aim of this thesis is to find a suitable fitness evaluation and improve the plasticity of evolved neural networks, as well as comparing the performance and general video game playing abilities of established neuroevolution methods. Using Analog Genetic Encoding we implement evolving neuromodulatory topologies in a typical two-dimensional platformer video game, and have it play against itself without neuromodulation, and against a popular genetic algorithm known as Neuroevolution of Augmenting Topologies. A suitable input and output structure is developed as well as an appropriate fitness evaluation for properly mating and mutating a population of neural networks. The benefits of neuromodulation are tested by running and completing a number of tile-based platformer video game levels. The results show an increased performance in networks influenced by neuromodulators, but no general video game playing abilities are obtained. This shows us that a more advanced general gameplay learning method with higher influence is required.
Neurala nätverk har blivit allt vanligare i tv-spel. Neuroevolution hjälper oss att utveckla optimala neurala topologier för specifika uppgifter, men det finns fortfarande outforskade områden i neuroevolution, och sätt att förbättra förmågan hos neurala nätverk som vi kan använda i spel. Målet är att hitta en lämplig fitnessbedömning och förbättra plasticiteten hos utvecklade neuralanätverk, samt jämföra deras utförande och förmåga att generellt spela videospel. Detta med hjälp av etablerade neuroevolutionmetoder. Genom Analog Genetisk Kodning implementeras utvecklande neuromodulatoriska topologier i ett typiskt tvådimensionellt platformer spel. Det används sedan för att spela mot en version av sig själv som inte har neuromodulatoriska egenskaper, samt mot en populär genetisk algoritm kallad Neuroevolution of Augmenting Topologies. Ett passande format för input och output, samt en fitnessbedömningsmetod för parande och muterande aven population av neurala nätverk utvecklas. Fördelarna med neuromodulation testas genom att låta nätverken spela ett antal tile-baserade platformerbanor. Resultaten visar en förbättring av utförandet hos nätverk som utvecklat neuromodulatorer, dock inga generella spelkunskaper kunde läras. Detta visar oss att en mer avancerad metod för generellt spelande krävs för att kunna få ett neuralt nätverk kunna spela och lösa mer generella problem.
Subjects/Keywords: Neuromodulation; Neural Networks; Neuroevolution; Lifelong Learning; Neuromodulation; Neurala Nätverk; Neuroevolution; livslångt lärande; Software Engineering; Programvaruteknik; Computer Sciences; Datavetenskap (datalogi)
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Gustafsson, J. (2016). Evolving Neuromodulatory Topologies for Plasticity in Video Game Playing. (Thesis). , Department of Software Engineering. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12888
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gustafsson, Jimmy. “Evolving Neuromodulatory Topologies for Plasticity in Video Game Playing.” 2016. Thesis, , Department of Software Engineering. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12888.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gustafsson, Jimmy. “Evolving Neuromodulatory Topologies for Plasticity in Video Game Playing.” 2016. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Gustafsson J. Evolving Neuromodulatory Topologies for Plasticity in Video Game Playing. [Internet] [Thesis]. , Department of Software Engineering; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12888.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Gustafsson J. Evolving Neuromodulatory Topologies for Plasticity in Video Game Playing. [Thesis]. , Department of Software Engineering; 2016. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12888
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
26.
Younan, Youliana.
Non-invasive therapy of brain disorders with focused ultrasound : from animal experiments to clinical transfer : Thérapie non-invasive des pathologies cérébrales par ultrasons focalisés : de l'expérimentation animale au transfert clinique.
Degree: Docteur es, Acoustique Physique, 2014, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066101
► Ces travaux de thèse portent sur l'étude de nouvelles modalités de guidage de la thérapie transcrânienne par ultrasons focalisés, technique non invasive particulièrement prometteuse pour…
(more)
▼ Ces travaux de thèse portent sur l'étude de nouvelles modalités de guidage de la thérapie transcrânienne par ultrasons focalisés, technique non invasive particulièrement prometteuse pour le traitement de troubles neurologiques tels que le tremblement essentiel ou le tremblement parkinsonien. Une nouvelle technique d'imagerie par résonance magnétique a tout d'abord été utilisée pour imager l'emplacement du faisceau ultrasonore produit par un prototype préclinique : les déplacements induits par les ultrasons dans une cervelle de veau ex vivo ont été imagés sans distorsion à l'aide d'une séquence d'écho de spin accélérée, avec un dépôt d'énergie jusqu'à quatre fois inférieur aux techniques existantes. Nous avons ensuite étudié les effets directs des ultrasons sur l'activité cérébrale par neuromodulation ultrasonore in vivo, de façon similaire à la stimulation magnétique transcrânienne, mais avec les capacités de ciblage millimétriques des ultrasons focalisés. Des expériences ont été tout d'abord menées sur un modèle de rat anesthésié afin d'étudier la pression seuil pouvant induire un effet moteur. Le champ acoustique simulé dans la tête de rat est fortement affectée par des réverbérations, ce qui doit être pris en compte pour l'évaluation in situ des paramètres acoustiques de neurostimulation, en particulier à basse fréquence et pour les petits animaux. Enfin, pour la première fois, nous avons montré que les ultrasons focalisés de faible intensité pouvaient moduler de façon causale le comportement d'un primate non humain éveillé : le temps de latence d'une tâche d'anti-saccade est retardé de façon significative par des ultrasons focalisés dans le champ visuel frontal.
The work presented in this thesis investigates novel modalities to guide Transcranial Magnetic Resonance guided Focused Ultrasound (TcMRgFUS). TcMRgFUS is an emerging and promising non-invasive technique for the treatment of neurological disorders, such as essential tremor or Parkinsonian tremor. A novel Magnetic Resonance Acoustic Radiation Force Imaging (MRARFI) has been used to image the location of the ultrasonic beam produced by a preclinical prototype: an accelerated 2D spin-echo MR ARFI pulse sequence has been introduced to generate undistorted ultrasound-induced displacement maps in ex vivo veal brains with minimum energy deposition. We then investigated direct effects of the ultrasonic beam on brain activity by conducting in vivo ultrasonic neuromodulation, similarly to what is currently achieved with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) but with the millimetric targeting capabilities of the ultrasound. Experiments have been first conducted in an anesthetized rat model to investigate the motor threshold. Numerical simulations have shown that the acoustic pattern in the rat head is affected by reverberations and that special care must be taken when relating acoustic parameters to neurostimulation effects, especially at a low frequency and for small animals. Finally, for the first time, we used low intensity FUS stimulation to causally…
Advisors/Committee Members: Aubry, Jean-François (thesis director), Tanter, Mickael (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Ultrasons focalisés; Neuromodulation; Tremblement essentiel; Antisaccades; Force de radiation; Thérapie par ultrasons; Focused ultrasound; Neuromodulation; Essential tremor; 534.5
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Younan, Y. (2014). Non-invasive therapy of brain disorders with focused ultrasound : from animal experiments to clinical transfer : Thérapie non-invasive des pathologies cérébrales par ultrasons focalisés : de l'expérimentation animale au transfert clinique. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066101
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Younan, Youliana. “Non-invasive therapy of brain disorders with focused ultrasound : from animal experiments to clinical transfer : Thérapie non-invasive des pathologies cérébrales par ultrasons focalisés : de l'expérimentation animale au transfert clinique.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066101.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Younan, Youliana. “Non-invasive therapy of brain disorders with focused ultrasound : from animal experiments to clinical transfer : Thérapie non-invasive des pathologies cérébrales par ultrasons focalisés : de l'expérimentation animale au transfert clinique.” 2014. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Younan Y. Non-invasive therapy of brain disorders with focused ultrasound : from animal experiments to clinical transfer : Thérapie non-invasive des pathologies cérébrales par ultrasons focalisés : de l'expérimentation animale au transfert clinique. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066101.
Council of Science Editors:
Younan Y. Non-invasive therapy of brain disorders with focused ultrasound : from animal experiments to clinical transfer : Thérapie non-invasive des pathologies cérébrales par ultrasons focalisés : de l'expérimentation animale au transfert clinique. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI; 2014. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066101
Université de Bordeaux I
27.
Rauscent, Aude.
Remaniements fonctionnels des réseaux locomoteurs spinaux au cours du développement de l’amphibien Xenopus laevis en métamorphose : Microstructuration des dépôts imprimés par jet d'encre de la coalescence des nanoparticules d'argent vers la réalisation d'interconnexions de composants électroniques.
Degree: Docteur es, Neurosciences, 2008, Université de Bordeaux I
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13750
► La plasticité du système nerveux central face aux contraintes environnementales ou morphologiques est un processus fondamental mis en place afin de permettre à l’animal de…
(more)
▼ La plasticité du système nerveux central face aux contraintes environnementales ou morphologiques est un processus fondamental mis en place afin de permettre à l’animal de maintenir des comportements adaptés. Parce que le comportement locomoteur est essentiel à la survie de l'animal, les mécanismes neuronaux permettant sa genèse doivent s’adapter aux modifications morphologiques de l’organisme pendant son développement. Pour aborder cette question, nous avons développé un nouveau modèle expérimental pour lequel les modifications morphologiques au cours du développement sont extrêmes et impliquent des reconfigurations à long terme du système nerveux. L'amphibien Xenopus laevis lors de sa métamorphose est, en effet, un modèle pertinent pour étudier (par des approches comportementales, neuroanatomiques, électro-physiologiques et pharmacologiques), les mécanismes impliqués dans la réorganisation des réseaux neuronaux locomoteurs de la moelle épinière face à des modifications extrêmes du schéma corporel. En effet, pendant sa métamorphose, l'animal passe d'un mode de locomotion ondulatoire mettant en jeu sa musculature axiale, à un mode de locomotion appendiculaire grâce aux membres néo-formés. Il existe de plus des stades intermédiaires où les deux modes de locomotion coexistent et expriment des relations fonctionnelles variables. Nos expériences d’électrophysiologie extracellulaire nous ont permis de dégager la dynamique temporelle de l’émergence du réseau de neurones commandant la locomotion appendiculaire adulte et de ses relations fonctionnelles avec le réseau locomoteur commandant la nage larvaire lorsque ces deux réseaux coexistent. D’après les résultats présentés, il apparaît un changement de l’équilibre fonctionnel et des interactions entre les commandes locomotrices ondulatoire et appendiculaire, faisant des stades intermédiaires de la métamorphose les témoins privilégiés du passage de relais progressif entre les deux systèmes locomoteurs. Nos travaux ont également démontré que l’activité de chaque réseau ainsi que leurs relations fonctionnelles sont sujettes à modulation glutamatergique et aminergique destinées à adapter la locomotion aux besoins de l'animal. Nous montrons que certains modulateurs (tels que le glutamate, la sérotonine et la noradrénaline) exercent des effets opposés sur les réseaux locomoteurs larvaires et adultes, alors qu'à l'inverse, la dopamine conserve les mêmes propriétés modulatrices sur ces réseaux malgré les profonds bouleversements subis pendant le développement. Outre leur rôle modulateur, nos résultats suggèrent aussi un rôle des afférences aminergiques dans la maturation des réseaux locomoteurs et ouvrent de nombreuses interrogations quant aux mécanismes impliqués dans la plasticité des afférences neuromodulatrices elles-mêmes au cours de la métamorphose. L’apparition et la disparition de neurones sérotoninergiques intraspinaux concomitantes avec la croissance des membres postérieurs, et précédant la régression de l'appendice caudal laissent envisager un rôle de la sérotonine dans…
Advisors/Committee Members: Combes, Denis (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Xenopus laevis; Locomotion; Moelle épinière; CPG spinaux; Développement; Métamorphose; Neuromodulation; Xenopus laevis; Locomotion; Spinal cord; Spinal CPG; Development; Metamorphosis; Neuromodulation
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Rauscent, A. (2008). Remaniements fonctionnels des réseaux locomoteurs spinaux au cours du développement de l’amphibien Xenopus laevis en métamorphose : Microstructuration des dépôts imprimés par jet d'encre de la coalescence des nanoparticules d'argent vers la réalisation d'interconnexions de composants électroniques. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université de Bordeaux I. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13750
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rauscent, Aude. “Remaniements fonctionnels des réseaux locomoteurs spinaux au cours du développement de l’amphibien Xenopus laevis en métamorphose : Microstructuration des dépôts imprimés par jet d'encre de la coalescence des nanoparticules d'argent vers la réalisation d'interconnexions de composants électroniques.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, Université de Bordeaux I. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13750.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rauscent, Aude. “Remaniements fonctionnels des réseaux locomoteurs spinaux au cours du développement de l’amphibien Xenopus laevis en métamorphose : Microstructuration des dépôts imprimés par jet d'encre de la coalescence des nanoparticules d'argent vers la réalisation d'interconnexions de composants électroniques.” 2008. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Rauscent A. Remaniements fonctionnels des réseaux locomoteurs spinaux au cours du développement de l’amphibien Xenopus laevis en métamorphose : Microstructuration des dépôts imprimés par jet d'encre de la coalescence des nanoparticules d'argent vers la réalisation d'interconnexions de composants électroniques. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université de Bordeaux I; 2008. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13750.
Council of Science Editors:
Rauscent A. Remaniements fonctionnels des réseaux locomoteurs spinaux au cours du développement de l’amphibien Xenopus laevis en métamorphose : Microstructuration des dépôts imprimés par jet d'encre de la coalescence des nanoparticules d'argent vers la réalisation d'interconnexions de composants électroniques. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université de Bordeaux I; 2008. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13750
University of Vienna
28.
Hums, Ingrid Margarete.
Neural control over crawling and steering motions underlies the regulation of locomotion strategies in C. elegans.
Degree: 2015, University of Vienna
URL: http://othes.univie.ac.at/39824/
► Tiere müssen in der Lage sein, ihre Fortbewegungsstrategie zu kontrollieren, um effizient durch die Umwelt zu navigieren. Um effektiv Distanzen zurückzulegen, sind schnelle und regelmäßige…
(more)
▼ Tiere müssen in der Lage sein, ihre Fortbewegungsstrategie zu kontrollieren, um effizient durch die Umwelt zu navigieren. Um effektiv Distanzen zurückzulegen, sind schnelle und regelmäßige Bewegungen von großem Vorteil, während weniger regelmäßige und flexiblere Bewegungen eine gründlichere Erkundung der näheren Umgebung ermöglichen. In meiner Doktorarbeit habe ich die Fragestellung untersucht, wie Tiere ihre stereotypischen und flexiblen Bewegungen koordinieren, um verschiedene Verhaltensweisen wie zielgerichtetes Vorwärtskommen oder lokal begrenzte Suche zu erzeugen und wie sie zwischen diesen Strategien wechseln.
Dazu studierte ich das Fortbewegungsverhalten des Nematoden C. elegans, welcher mit regelmäßigen wellenförmigen Bewegungen entlang seines gesamten Körpers vorankriecht. Jedoch ändert der Wurm seine Bewegungsstrategie drastisch, ausgelöst durch sensorische Stimulation (Reduktion der Sauerstoff-konzentration), zu einer erkundenden Suche der näheren Umgebung. Mit einem rechenintensiven Dekompositionsansatz erfasste ich quantitativ die Verhaltensänderungen der Körperwellen des Wurms: Dabei beschrieb ich Wurmbewegungen als zwei parallele überlagerte Bewegungsmuster, die entweder regelmäßige Kriechbewegungen oder flexiblere und unregelmäßige Lenk- /Wende-Bewegungen generieren. Ich zeigte wie die umgekehrte Anpassung der beiden Bewegungsmuster, welche „crawling wave“ (Kriechwelle) und „steering wave“ (steuernde Welle) genannt wurden, abgestimmt mit der Fortbewegungsgeschwindigkeit den Tieren ermöglichten, ihre Fortbewegungs-strategie nach der Stimulation zu verändern von einem schnellen und zielgerichteten Vorwärtskriechen zu einer lokal begrenzten Suche. Die „crawling wave“, welche kräftig war solange die Tiere sich rasch vorwärts bewegten, nahm ab und die Tiere wurden langsamer. Gleichzeitig verstärkte sich die „steering wave“, was zu komplexeren Haltungen der Würmer führte und viele Lenk- und Wendemanöver hervorrief, um die örtliche Umgebung zu erkunden.
Um das neuronale Kontrollsystem zu identifizieren, welches „crawling wave“ und „steering wave“ reguliert, arbeitete ich mit genetischen Manipulationen von Würmer und Kalzium Imaging der neuronalen Aktivität. Dabei konnte ich zwei Klassen von entgegenwirkenden haltungsregulierenden Interneuronen namens AVK und DVA charakterisieren, welche jeweils mithilfe von FLP-1 oder NLP-12 Neuropeptiden Signale weiterleiten. AVK und FLP-1 Peptide erwiesen sich als essenziell um „steering“ (steuernde) und „crawling“ (Kriech-) Bewegungen zu begrenzen, während DVA und NLP-12 Peptide „crawing“ (Kriech-) Bewegungen förderten. Beide Gegenparts dieses Kontrollsystems wurden benötigt, um nach dem Stimulus einen normalen Übergang vom Vorwärtskriechen zur lokalen Suche herbeizuführen. AVK wirkte als Koordinator zwischen Fortbewegungsgeschwindigkeit und „steering“ (steuernden) Bewegungen, während DVA Aktivitätserhöhungen während der Vorwärtsbewegung mit Steigerungen der „crawling wave“ Stärke assoziiert waren.
Schlussfolgernd erscheinen „crawling wave“ und „steering wave“, die…
Subjects/Keywords: 30.99 Naturwissenschaften allgemein: Sonstiges; 42.13 Molekularbiologie; 42.79 Invertebrata: Sonstiges; Fortbewegung / C. elegans / Bewegunsmuster / Neuromodulation; locomotion / C. elegans / motion pattern / neuromodulation
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APA (6th Edition):
Hums, I. M. (2015). Neural control over crawling and steering motions underlies the regulation of locomotion strategies in C. elegans. (Thesis). University of Vienna. Retrieved from http://othes.univie.ac.at/39824/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hums, Ingrid Margarete. “Neural control over crawling and steering motions underlies the regulation of locomotion strategies in C. elegans.” 2015. Thesis, University of Vienna. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://othes.univie.ac.at/39824/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hums, Ingrid Margarete. “Neural control over crawling and steering motions underlies the regulation of locomotion strategies in C. elegans.” 2015. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Hums IM. Neural control over crawling and steering motions underlies the regulation of locomotion strategies in C. elegans. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Vienna; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://othes.univie.ac.at/39824/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Hums IM. Neural control over crawling and steering motions underlies the regulation of locomotion strategies in C. elegans. [Thesis]. University of Vienna; 2015. Available from: http://othes.univie.ac.at/39824/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
29.
Carrere, Maxime.
Combiner les apprentissages motivés et associatifs : Combining associative and motivated learning.
Degree: Docteur es, Informatique, 2016, Bordeaux
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0191
► Pour pouvoir être autonomes dans un environnement complexe, les humains comme les systèmes artificiels doivent posséder un apprentissage souple et capable de s’adapter au changement.…
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▼ Pour pouvoir être autonomes dans un environnement complexe, les humains comme les systèmes artificiels doivent posséder un apprentissage souple et capable de s’adapter au changement. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à comment cette autonomie peut être obtenue par interactions entre les différents systèmes d’apprentissage de notre cerveau. Pour cela, nous modélisons dans une approche inspirée de la biologie le comportement de certaines des parties du cerveau impliquées dans les apprentissages répondant et opérant, et observons comment leurs interactions permettent un apprentissage flexible dans des tâches impliquant des changements comme l’extinction et le reversal.
In a complex environment, humans and artificials systems need a flexible learning system to adapt themselves to situations which can change. In this thesis, we study how autonomy can be the result of interactions between the different learning systems of our brain. In particular, in a biologically inspired approach, we model different parts of the brain involved in respondant and operant conditioning, et show how their interactions can promote flexible learning in tasks in which situation can change, like extinction or reversal.
Advisors/Committee Members: Alexandre, Frédéric (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Apprentissage; Bio-inspiré; Neuroscience; Amygdale; Cortex; Striatum; Neuromodulation; Learning; Biologically-inspired; Neuroscience; Amygdala; Cortex; Striatum; Neuromodulation
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Carrere, M. (2016). Combiner les apprentissages motivés et associatifs : Combining associative and motivated learning. (Doctoral Dissertation). Bordeaux. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0191
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Carrere, Maxime. “Combiner les apprentissages motivés et associatifs : Combining associative and motivated learning.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Bordeaux. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0191.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Carrere, Maxime. “Combiner les apprentissages motivés et associatifs : Combining associative and motivated learning.” 2016. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Carrere M. Combiner les apprentissages motivés et associatifs : Combining associative and motivated learning. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Bordeaux; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0191.
Council of Science Editors:
Carrere M. Combiner les apprentissages motivés et associatifs : Combining associative and motivated learning. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Bordeaux; 2016. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0191
30.
Milan, Lea.
Physiopathologie de la sclérose latérale amyotropique : implication des systèmes neuromodulateurs dans les réseaux moteurs spinaux : Physiopathology of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : implication of the neuromodulatory systems in the spinal motor netwoks.
Degree: Docteur es, Neurosciences, 2014, Bordeaux
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0294
► Les systèmes neuromodulateurs jouent un rôle essentiel dans la mise en place et dansla régulation des réseaux moteurs spinaux afin d’adapter finement le rythme et…
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▼ Les systèmes neuromodulateurs jouent un rôle essentiel dans la mise en place et dansla régulation des réseaux moteurs spinaux afin d’adapter finement le rythme et le patronlocomoteur aux contraintes internes et externes de l’organisme. Il a été montré que desaltérations du fonctionnement de ces systèmes étaient impliquées dans de nombreusespathologies neurologiques. La sclérose latérale amyotrophique (SLA) est une maladieneurodégénérative caractérisée par la perte des neurones moteurs corticaux et spinaux. Bienque les symptômes de la SLA n’apparaissent qu’à l’âge adulte, de plus en plus d’élémentsamènent à penser que des modifications précoces des réseaux locomoteurs spinaux ont lieudès les stades précoces du développement chez un modèle animal de la SLA, la souris SOD1.C’est dans ce cadre général que nous avons émis l’hypothèse que des altérations précoces dessystèmes neuromodulateurs pourraient intervenir dans la physiopathologie de la SLA. Dansun premier temps, nous avons comparé la modulation monoaminergique des réseaux moteursspinaux en réalisant des enregistrements extracellulaires de l’activité locomotrice générée parla préparation de moelle épinière isolée chez la souris nouveau-née sauvage et SOD1. Nousnous sommes ensuite attachés en combinant des enregistrements électrophysiologiques extraetintracellulaires avec des techniques d’immunohistochimie et de biologie cellulaire à décrirela mise en place et l’évolution avec l’âge des synapses cholinergiques reçues par lesmotoneurones en provenance d’interneurones de la lamina X : les boutons en C. Enfin, nousavons initié une approche (1) comportementale sur le long terme de l’activité motrice dessouris SOD1 et (2) des capacités plastiques des synapses glutamatergiques reçues par lesmotoneurones en culture. L’ensemble de ces travaux, nous a permis de mettre en évidence desaltérations précoces et évolutives des principaux systèmes neuromodulateurs spinaux:cholinergique, dopaminergique et noradrénergique chez les animaux SOD1. Nos résultatsmontrent pour la première fois (1) qu’une dynamique complexe des récepteurs M2 sous lesboutons en C existe et que celle-ci est perturbée chez les souris SOD1 et (2) que lesmotoneurones ne sont pas les seuls neurones à dégénérer dans la moelle de ces animaux maisque les neurones cholinergiques de la lamina X situés dans les segments lombaires L2 sontaussi la cible de processus neurodégénératifs.
Neuromodulatory systems play a crucial role in the establishment and regulation ofspinal motor networks to finely adjust the locomotor rhythm and pattern to the internal andexternal constraints. It is now well admitted that alterations in neuromodulatory functions areinvolved in diverse neurologic disorders. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerativedisease characterized by the specific loss of cortical and spinal motor neurons. A growingbody of evidence now suggests that although ALS syndromes occur in adulthood, alterationscan be detected as early as at the embryonic stages in the spinal cord of the rodent model ofALS, the…
Advisors/Committee Members: Bertrand, Sandrine (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: SLA; Neuromodulation; Moelle épinière; Souris transgéniques; Réseaux locomoteurs; SLA; Neuromodulation; Spinal cord; Transgenic mice; Locomotor networks
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Milan, L. (2014). Physiopathologie de la sclérose latérale amyotropique : implication des systèmes neuromodulateurs dans les réseaux moteurs spinaux : Physiopathology of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : implication of the neuromodulatory systems in the spinal motor netwoks. (Doctoral Dissertation). Bordeaux. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0294
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Milan, Lea. “Physiopathologie de la sclérose latérale amyotropique : implication des systèmes neuromodulateurs dans les réseaux moteurs spinaux : Physiopathology of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : implication of the neuromodulatory systems in the spinal motor netwoks.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Bordeaux. Accessed October 22, 2019.
http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0294.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Milan, Lea. “Physiopathologie de la sclérose latérale amyotropique : implication des systèmes neuromodulateurs dans les réseaux moteurs spinaux : Physiopathology of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : implication of the neuromodulatory systems in the spinal motor netwoks.” 2014. Web. 22 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Milan L. Physiopathologie de la sclérose latérale amyotropique : implication des systèmes neuromodulateurs dans les réseaux moteurs spinaux : Physiopathology of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : implication of the neuromodulatory systems in the spinal motor netwoks. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Bordeaux; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 22].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0294.
Council of Science Editors:
Milan L. Physiopathologie de la sclérose latérale amyotropique : implication des systèmes neuromodulateurs dans les réseaux moteurs spinaux : Physiopathology of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis : implication of the neuromodulatory systems in the spinal motor netwoks. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Bordeaux; 2014. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0294
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