subject:(Multi Attribute Decision Analysis)

University of Michigan

1. Chen, Lydia L. Prospective Stories and Repairs: Pitting Two Novel Approaches Against Compensatory Schemes for Making, Justifying, and Influencing Multi-Attribute Decisions.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2011, University of Michigan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/89694

► This paper discusses two additional decision approaches beyond the traditional multi-attribute theory (the “matrix” approach where people weigh the pros and cons of a decision).… (more)

▼ This paper discusses two additional decision approaches beyond the traditional multi-attribute theory (the “matrix” approach where people weigh the pros and cons of a decision). The prospective story approach involves mentally simulating stories of what life would be like in the future should one take particular options. The prospective option repair approach involves planning specific and concrete actions one can personally take to ameliorate the downsides of particular options. The two studies described in this paper tested the prevalence, self-persuasion, implementation, other-persuasion, and process costs and benefits of the matrix, repair, and story approaches by pitting the approaches against control (natural or unelaborated) approaches in a two-option decision task and eliciting responses from decision makers and audiences. We also tested for mediation of any effects by certain personal characteristics—subjective numeracy, narrative transportability, and actively open-minded thinking. Self-reports by decider participants indicated that almost all of them spontaneously used some variant of decision matrices, most used some variant of prospective stories, and almost three-quarters used option repairs. Prospective narratives aided all the different persuasion aspects of decision processes—self-persuasion, justification, and influence—regardless of people’s narrative transportability, though at the cost of longer completion time and less enjoyment compared to other approaches. Prospective option repairs increased deciders’ implementation intentions, generation of new ideas (as self-reported by deciders), and perceived competence by audience participants. The traditional matrix approach, in contrast, aided only self-persuasion, but only for high subjective numeracy deciders. Decider participants tended to be one-sided in their option repairs/stories (they repaired or storied only their eventually-chosen options) although two-sidedness (repairing or storying all options) was more persuasive to audience participants. The studies validated prospective option repairs and stories as alternative descriptions for people’s decision processes. The decision implementation and persuasion functions of these approaches help explain why many people use these approaches spontaneously, and suggest them as decision aids to would-be decision makers, advisors, and persuaders who do not. The time and effort needed to generate repairs and stories for all options are worthwhile for people concerned about persuasion and choice implementation. Advisors/Committee Members: Yates, J. Frank (committee member), Axelrod, Robert (committee member), Shah, Priti R. (committee member), Ybarra, Oscar (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Multi-attribute Decision Aid and Advice; Decision Justification, Decision Persuasion, Narrative Persuasion; Spreading of Alternatives; Prospective Stories/Narratives; Prospective Option Repair; One-sided Persuasion Versus Two-sided Persuasion; Communications; Psychology; Social Sciences (General); Social Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, L. L. (2011). Prospective Stories and Repairs: Pitting Two Novel Approaches Against Compensatory Schemes for Making, Justifying, and Influencing Multi-Attribute Decisions. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/89694

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Lydia L. “Prospective Stories and Repairs: Pitting Two Novel Approaches Against Compensatory Schemes for Making, Justifying, and Influencing Multi-Attribute Decisions.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/89694.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Lydia L. “Prospective Stories and Repairs: Pitting Two Novel Approaches Against Compensatory Schemes for Making, Justifying, and Influencing Multi-Attribute Decisions.” 2011. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Chen LL. Prospective Stories and Repairs: Pitting Two Novel Approaches Against Compensatory Schemes for Making, Justifying, and Influencing Multi-Attribute Decisions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/89694.

Council of Science Editors:

Chen LL. Prospective Stories and Repairs: Pitting Two Novel Approaches Against Compensatory Schemes for Making, Justifying, and Influencing Multi-Attribute Decisions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/89694

2. Zhang, Ruohui. Multialternative Decision Field Theory Model Fitting Using Different Measures of Attribute Weighting.

Degree: MA, Psychology, 2015, Miami University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1435832481

► Very few researchers have used empirical data to fit Multialternative decision field theory(MDFT). The current research designed an apartment choice task to fit experimental data… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Psychology; Multialternative Decision Field Theory; MDFT; Attribute Weighting; Attribute Measure; Attribute Measurement; Model Fitting; Expected Utility Theory; Self-Report; Eye Tracking; Predicted Accuracy

…decision making. The basic idea of DFT was that decision maker focused on 3 one attribute at a… …frequency (the number of times decision maker looked at each attribute) was used as the… …reflected differently on how people perceive attribute importance. However, correlation analysis… …attributes, eliciting single-attribute utility functions, eliciting weights, and aggregating… …attribute weights was a critical task in MAUT and there were many ways to estimate attribute…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zhang, R. (2015). Multialternative Decision Field Theory Model Fitting Using Different Measures of Attribute Weighting. (Masters Thesis). Miami University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1435832481

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhang, Ruohui. “Multialternative Decision Field Theory Model Fitting Using Different Measures of Attribute Weighting.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Miami University. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1435832481.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhang, Ruohui. “Multialternative Decision Field Theory Model Fitting Using Different Measures of Attribute Weighting.” 2015. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Zhang R. Multialternative Decision Field Theory Model Fitting Using Different Measures of Attribute Weighting. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Miami University; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1435832481.

Council of Science Editors:

Zhang R. Multialternative Decision Field Theory Model Fitting Using Different Measures of Attribute Weighting. [Masters Thesis]. Miami University; 2015. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1435832481

3. Bent, Blake J. The Effects of Delay and Probabilistic Discounting on Green Consumerism.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2017, Old Dominion University

URL: 9780355045055 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/52

► People have a tendency to discount outcomes that are delayed or probabilistic. In other words, people will sacrifice larger benefits for smaller benefits that… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Consumer; Decision making; Discounting; Framing; Green; Experimental Analysis of Behavior; Psychology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bent, B. J. (2017). The Effects of Delay and Probabilistic Discounting on Green Consumerism. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9780355045055 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/52

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bent, Blake J. “The Effects of Delay and Probabilistic Discounting on Green Consumerism.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed December 12, 2019. 9780355045055 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/52.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bent, Blake J. “The Effects of Delay and Probabilistic Discounting on Green Consumerism.” 2017. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Bent BJ. The Effects of Delay and Probabilistic Discounting on Green Consumerism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: 9780355045055 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/52.

Council of Science Editors:

Bent BJ. The Effects of Delay and Probabilistic Discounting on Green Consumerism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2017. Available from: 9780355045055 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/52

4. Bent, Blake J. Default Effects in the Endorsement of Environmental Policies.

Degree: MS, Psychology, 2014, Old Dominion University

URL: 9781303994128 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/118

► When making decisions, people are often presented with a default option. Across many different domains, individuals show an inflated preference for the default option,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Decision making; Default effect; Environment; Policy; Experimental Analysis of Behavior

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bent, B. J. (2014). Default Effects in the Endorsement of Environmental Policies. (Thesis). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781303994128 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/118

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bent, Blake J. “Default Effects in the Endorsement of Environmental Policies.” 2014. Thesis, Old Dominion University. Accessed December 12, 2019. 9781303994128 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/118.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bent, Blake J. “Default Effects in the Endorsement of Environmental Policies.” 2014. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Bent BJ. Default Effects in the Endorsement of Environmental Policies. [Internet] [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: 9781303994128 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/118.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bent BJ. Default Effects in the Endorsement of Environmental Policies. [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2014. Available from: 9781303994128 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/118

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

North Carolina State University

5. Ellington, James Kemp. Exploring the Dimensionality of Performance in the Army Special Forces.

Degree: MS, Psychology, 2002, North Carolina State University

URL: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/1973

► The purpose of this research was to explore the dimensionality of performance in the Army Special Forces (SF) using three separate data sources. A job… (more)

▼ The purpose of this research was to explore the dimensionality of performance in the Army Special Forces (SF) using three separate data sources. A job analysis of the SF revealed 15 categories of performance common to all SF soldiers, in addition to 47 human attributes necessary to perform the behaviors associated with each category. A sample of SF soldiers was rated on their performance of the 15 categories using behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS). Furthermore, a panel of subject matter experts (SME) rated each performance dimension on its requirement for each of the human attributes. These two data sources served in the development of two sets of performance dimensions, based on respective factor and cluster analyses of the data. A third data source included job analyst sorting data of the 15 performance categories into predefined numbers of groups. This data was also cluster analyzed to produce a third set of performance dimensions. Research questions focused predominantly on the number of performance dimensions that would be derived from the three data sources and their interpretability, and the extent to which agreement would exist between the three sources. Agreement was determined based on an index of cluster overlap for comparing two cluster solutions. Three dimensions were chosen as most interpretable from the performance ratings and a four-dimension solution was chosen based on the analyses of the attribute requirement ratings. The clusters derived from the analyst sorting data were difficult to interpret. The highest level of cluster overlap existed between the clusters derived from the performance ratings and the attribute requirement ratings. Overall, the three-dimension conception of performance was chosen as most meaningful. The dimensions were interpreted and named General Soldiering, Citizenship Performance, and SF Specific Performance. Comparisons were made with previously developed performance models, and recommendations were made for future research. Advisors/Committee Members: M.A. Wilson, Committee Member (advisor), J.W. Cunningham, Committee Chair (advisor), D.W. Drewes, Committee Member (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: performance dimensions; Army Special Forces; cluster analysis; factor analysis; attribute requirements; Q-sort method

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ellington, J. K. (2002). Exploring the Dimensionality of Performance in the Army Special Forces. (Thesis). North Carolina State University. Retrieved from http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/1973

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ellington, James Kemp. “Exploring the Dimensionality of Performance in the Army Special Forces.” 2002. Thesis, North Carolina State University. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/1973.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ellington, James Kemp. “Exploring the Dimensionality of Performance in the Army Special Forces.” 2002. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Ellington JK. Exploring the Dimensionality of Performance in the Army Special Forces. [Internet] [Thesis]. North Carolina State University; 2002. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/1973.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ellington JK. Exploring the Dimensionality of Performance in the Army Special Forces. [Thesis]. North Carolina State University; 2002. Available from: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/1973

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Notre Dame

6. Jessica M. Blaxton. A Process-Oriented Perspective Examining the Relationships Between Daily Coping, Stress, and Affect</h1>.

Degree: MA, Psychology, 2015, University of Notre Dame

URL: https://curate.nd.edu/show/wh246q20k8k

► We assess the daily relationships between three functional coping strategies and positive and negative affect while accounting for the individual?s cognitive appraisal of their… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: positive affect; longitudinal data analysis; negative affect; stress; multi-level modeling; coping

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APA (6^th Edition):

Blaxton, J. M. (2015). A Process-Oriented Perspective Examining the Relationships Between Daily Coping, Stress, and Affect</h1>. (Masters Thesis). University of Notre Dame. Retrieved from https://curate.nd.edu/show/wh246q20k8k

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Blaxton, Jessica M.. “A Process-Oriented Perspective Examining the Relationships Between Daily Coping, Stress, and Affect</h1>.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Notre Dame. Accessed December 12, 2019. https://curate.nd.edu/show/wh246q20k8k.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Blaxton, Jessica M.. “A Process-Oriented Perspective Examining the Relationships Between Daily Coping, Stress, and Affect</h1>.” 2015. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Blaxton JM. A Process-Oriented Perspective Examining the Relationships Between Daily Coping, Stress, and Affect</h1>. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/wh246q20k8k.

Council of Science Editors:

Blaxton JM. A Process-Oriented Perspective Examining the Relationships Between Daily Coping, Stress, and Affect</h1>. [Masters Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2015. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/wh246q20k8k

7. Sinayev, Aleksandr. Numeric Conversions Ameliorate the Framing Effect.

Degree: MA, Psychology, 2013, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364928182

► People make judgments and decisions differently depending on whether information that prompts these judgments or decisions is presented in a positive or negative light. This… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Psychology; Cognitive Psychology; Numeracy; Conversions; Framing Effect; Attribute Framing; Individual Differences; Mediation; Judgment and Decision Making; Biases; Round vs. Precise; Crossed Random Effects

…were less susceptible to attribute framing effects and other decision making biases when… …decision making. Three decades of research have shown that consumers, voters and people in… …In the present study, we investigate attribute framing in particular, which has been deemed… …attribute framing scenario is “John answered 85% of the questions on a test correctly.” A… …attribute framing effects were consistent with the highly numerate being more likely to transform…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sinayev, A. (2013). Numeric Conversions Ameliorate the Framing Effect. (Masters Thesis). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364928182

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sinayev, Aleksandr. “Numeric Conversions Ameliorate the Framing Effect.” 2013. Masters Thesis, The Ohio State University. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364928182.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sinayev, Aleksandr. “Numeric Conversions Ameliorate the Framing Effect.” 2013. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Sinayev A. Numeric Conversions Ameliorate the Framing Effect. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364928182.

Council of Science Editors:

Sinayev A. Numeric Conversions Ameliorate the Framing Effect. [Masters Thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2013. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364928182

University of Vermont

8. Chivers, Laura L. Understanding Everyday Decisions: An Examination Of Biases In Decision-Making, Educational Attainment, And Use Of Tobacco And Nicotine Delivery Products Among Women Of Reproductive Age.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2015, University of Vermont

URL: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/352

► The aim of this study was to examine associations between biases in decision-making (delay discounting [DD], opportunity cost neglect [OCN], status quo bias [SQB]),… (more)

▼ The aim of this study was to examine associations between biases in decision-making (delay discounting [DD], opportunity cost neglect [OCN], status quo bias [SQB]), educational attainment, and use of cigarettes and other tobacco and nicotine delivery products among women of reproductive age. Women of reproductive age are of special interest because of the additional risks that cigarette smoking or use of these other products represents should they become pregnant. Data were collected anonymously online in survey format using Amazon Mechanical Turk [AMT]. Participants were 800 women of reproductive age (24-44 years) from across the US. Half (n = 400) were smokers who reported current, daily smoking and half (n = 400) were never smokers who reported smoking less than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. Participants reported smoking characteristics, plans to quit smoking, use of nicotine replacement therapies, use of other tobacco and nicotine delivery products, alcohol and drug use histories, and the FagerstrÃ¶m Test for Nicotine Dependence. Participants completed two measures for each of the three biases in decision-making, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale [BIS-11], and two scales measuring short- and long-term propensity to plan for money expenditures [PPMS and PPML]. Educational attainment analyses compared three education groups: high school or less vs. some college (e.g. some college/A.A.) vs. B.A. or higher. DD was steeper among current vs. never smokers and for women with lower vs. higher levels of education, with no significant interaction between smoking and education. Modifying the instructions of the DD measure to make the zero option explicit reduced DD similarly across levels of smoking status and education. OCN was worse at lower vs. higher educational attainment on one OCN measure, with no significant effect of smoking status or interaction between opportunity cost neglect and educational attainment on either measure. No evidence was found for stronger SQB by smoking status or education. Smoking status was related to BIS Total, BIS Motor and Nonplanning subscales and to PPML in initial models but remained significant after adjusting for baseline differences in participant characteristics only for BIS Motor subscale and educational attainment was related only to BIS Nonplanning subscale. Preliminary comparisons of e-cigarette users to non-users suggest smokers using e-cigarettes only differ from smokers not using e-cigarettes on measures related to quitting smoking whereas within never smokers e-cigarette users demonstrated a pattern of riskier decision-making compared to non-users. Results confirm that DD and education are important to understanding the use of tobacco and nicotine products in women of reproductive age, and suggest that smoking and educational attainment are independently related to discounting rates. The observed explicit-zero framing effect suggests making alternatives more explicit when presenting choices may help reduce DD and lead to better decision-making, which has possible… Advisors/Committee Members: Stephen T. Higgins.

Subjects/Keywords: decision-making; delay discounting; educational attainment; opportunity cost neglect; status quo bias; tobacco; Experimental Analysis of Behavior; Psychology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chivers, L. L. (2015). Understanding Everyday Decisions: An Examination Of Biases In Decision-Making, Educational Attainment, And Use Of Tobacco And Nicotine Delivery Products Among Women Of Reproductive Age. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Vermont. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/352

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chivers, Laura L. “Understanding Everyday Decisions: An Examination Of Biases In Decision-Making, Educational Attainment, And Use Of Tobacco And Nicotine Delivery Products Among Women Of Reproductive Age.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Vermont. Accessed December 12, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/352.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chivers, Laura L. “Understanding Everyday Decisions: An Examination Of Biases In Decision-Making, Educational Attainment, And Use Of Tobacco And Nicotine Delivery Products Among Women Of Reproductive Age.” 2015. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Chivers LL. Understanding Everyday Decisions: An Examination Of Biases In Decision-Making, Educational Attainment, And Use Of Tobacco And Nicotine Delivery Products Among Women Of Reproductive Age. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Vermont; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/352.

Council of Science Editors:

Chivers LL. Understanding Everyday Decisions: An Examination Of Biases In Decision-Making, Educational Attainment, And Use Of Tobacco And Nicotine Delivery Products Among Women Of Reproductive Age. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Vermont; 2015. Available from: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/352

9. Culley, Kimberly E. Effects of Signal Ambiguity and Signal Location on Target Detection Under Varying Degrees of Time Constraint.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2013, Old Dominion University

URL: 9781303775185 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/137

► The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of decision-making strategies and tendencies, time constraint, and signal characteristics on decision-making performance… (more)

▼ The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of decision-making strategies and tendencies, time constraint, and signal characteristics on decision-making performance utilizing the fuzzy signal detection theory framework. Participants were tasked with deciding whether x-ray images of passenger luggage contained hazardous objects. The first objective of the study was to develop a methodology for quantifying optimizing versus satisficing tendencies in decision making through direct measurement and observation. The second objective of the study was to examine how time constraint and specific signal characteristics contribute to decision making. Interestingly, despite having more time available to conduct a comprehensive search, participants in the global time constraint condition who were able to self-terminate information search tended toward satisficing. They also had shorter overall search durations and greater sensitivities than participants in the local time constraint condition, and had shorter search durations for central compared to eccentric targets. Across time constraint conditions and decision tendencies, participants had greater sensitivities for centrally located targets compared to eccentrically located targets and for ambiguous signals with moderate to high degrees of target category membership (.40 ≤ s ≤ .80). Within each time constraint condition, there were differences in response criteria as a function of signal ambiguity. Participants in the local condition had more liberal response criteria compared to participants in the global condition. There was no significant effect of self-terminated search duration on sensitivity or response criteria. To examine the effect of participant control over search duration, participants in the global time constraint condition with average search durations of 3500-4500 ms were selected for comparison to participants in the local 4000 ms fixed-interval time constraint condition. There were significant differences in sensitivities such that participants in the global time constraint condition with ∼4000 ms search durations had significantly higher sensitivities, indicating an effect of participant control over search duration. There were no significant differences in response criteria. The current study investigated decision making elements that contribute to efficient and effective operator performance of information search and target detection. In addition to operator characteristics that impact performance outcomes, characteristics of the signal itself may also moderate signal detection. Advisors/Committee Members: Poornima Madhavan, James Bliss, Patrick Hester.

Subjects/Keywords: Decision making; Fuzzy signal; Luggage screening; Signal detection; Signal location; Time pressure; Experimental Analysis of Behavior; Human Factors Psychology; Industrial Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Culley, K. E. (2013). Effects of Signal Ambiguity and Signal Location on Target Detection Under Varying Degrees of Time Constraint. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781303775185 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/137

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Culley, Kimberly E. “Effects of Signal Ambiguity and Signal Location on Target Detection Under Varying Degrees of Time Constraint.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed December 12, 2019. 9781303775185 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/137.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Culley, Kimberly E. “Effects of Signal Ambiguity and Signal Location on Target Detection Under Varying Degrees of Time Constraint.” 2013. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Culley KE. Effects of Signal Ambiguity and Signal Location on Target Detection Under Varying Degrees of Time Constraint. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: 9781303775185 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/137.

Council of Science Editors:

Culley KE. Effects of Signal Ambiguity and Signal Location on Target Detection Under Varying Degrees of Time Constraint. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. Available from: 9781303775185 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/137

10. Smith-Rodden, Martin Daniel. The Effect of Emotionally Arousing Negative Images on Judgments About News Stories.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2013, Old Dominion University

URL: 9781303774942 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/170

► Two experiments investigated the effects of the presentations of photographic images (highly emotionally arousing/low arousal/no image) on people's attitudes after reading a news story.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Affect hevristic; Decision-making; Judgement; Media effects; News photos; Photojournalism; Cognitive Psychology; Experimental Analysis of Behavior; Mass Communication

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smith-Rodden, M. D. (2013). The Effect of Emotionally Arousing Negative Images on Judgments About News Stories. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781303774942 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/170

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smith-Rodden, Martin Daniel. “The Effect of Emotionally Arousing Negative Images on Judgments About News Stories.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed December 12, 2019. 9781303774942 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/170.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smith-Rodden, Martin Daniel. “The Effect of Emotionally Arousing Negative Images on Judgments About News Stories.” 2013. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Smith-Rodden MD. The Effect of Emotionally Arousing Negative Images on Judgments About News Stories. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: 9781303774942 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/170.

Council of Science Editors:

Smith-Rodden MD. The Effect of Emotionally Arousing Negative Images on Judgments About News Stories. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. Available from: 9781303774942 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/170

Western Washington University

11. Jackson, Christopher M. (Christopher Michael). The impact of magnetic resonance imaging on juror perceptions of guilt.

Degree: MS, Psychology, 2012, Western Washington University

URL: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/260

► This study examined the impact of MRI-based evidence on juror perceptions of guilt in a criminal case. Jury eligible undergraduates read one of three… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Experimental Analysis of Behavior; Jury – Decision making; Verdicts – Psychological aspects; Jurors – Psychology; Magnetic resonance imaging; masters theses

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jackson, C. M. (. M. (2012). The impact of magnetic resonance imaging on juror perceptions of guilt. (Masters Thesis). Western Washington University. Retrieved from https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/260

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jackson, Christopher M (Christopher Michael). “The impact of magnetic resonance imaging on juror perceptions of guilt.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Western Washington University. Accessed December 12, 2019. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/260.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jackson, Christopher M (Christopher Michael). “The impact of magnetic resonance imaging on juror perceptions of guilt.” 2012. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Jackson CM(M. The impact of magnetic resonance imaging on juror perceptions of guilt. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Western Washington University; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/260.

Council of Science Editors:

Jackson CM(M. The impact of magnetic resonance imaging on juror perceptions of guilt. [Masters Thesis]. Western Washington University; 2012. Available from: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/260

University of Georgia

12. Young, Diana L. The effects of control on decision making from a prospect theory framework.

Degree: MS, Psychology, 2007, University of Georgia

URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/young_diana_l_200705_ms

► Most decision making research investigates risk taking behavior involving the outcome of random events; however, most everyday decisions involve some amount of personal control (e.g.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: decision making

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APA (6^th Edition):

Young, D. L. (2007). The effects of control on decision making from a prospect theory framework. (Masters Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/young_diana_l_200705_ms

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Young, Diana L. “The effects of control on decision making from a prospect theory framework.” 2007. Masters Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/young_diana_l_200705_ms.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Young, Diana L. “The effects of control on decision making from a prospect theory framework.” 2007. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Young DL. The effects of control on decision making from a prospect theory framework. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Georgia; 2007. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/young_diana_l_200705_ms.

Council of Science Editors:

Young DL. The effects of control on decision making from a prospect theory framework. [Masters Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2007. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/young_diana_l_200705_ms

Rutgers University

13. Mills-Finnerty, Colleen, 1985-. Multidimensional decision making.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2015, Rutgers University

URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48781/

►

One of the most significant questions about the nature of brain function is the extent to which brain networks are functionally constrained in terms of… (more)

▼

One of the most significant questions about the nature of brain function is the extent to which brain networks are functionally constrained in terms of the task contexts in which they respond, versus whether their function is highly flexible across contexts (McIntosh, 2000). Thanks to decades of animal and human research, one of the most well defined networks in the brain is the corticostriatal circuit. The finding that dopamine neurons in this circuit respond to mismatches between expectations and outcomes in choice tasks according to a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm (Shultz, 1997) helped orient the field of decision neuroscience towards studying RL type responses in the brain. Nearly all of these kinds of studies necessite choice tasks with concrete outcomes, in which subjects do something and get something, in order to have both expectation and outcome terms for RL modeling. However, far less attention has been paid to choice contexts that are abstract, that is, there are no expectations or outcomes. Additionally, most reward stimuli used to test decision making response are constrained by low dimensionality. This approach has left open several key questions about how the brain responds to abstract, multidimensional choices, and whether this response is modulated by factors such as choice context, subjective value, stimulus valence, and stimulus attributes in a manner that is the same or different from the well characterized response to these factors in concrete contexts. In a series of studies, this dissertation addresses the following unresolved questions: Study 1: How do brain regions associated with reward (e.g. striatum) and value (e.g. prefrontal cortex) respond when people choose amongst stimuli that are abstract and multidimensional? Study 2: How is this response affected by changes in choice context and stimulus valence? Study 3: How do value signals in the brain influence similarity coding of abstract reinforcers?

Advisors/Committee Members: Hanson, Stephen Jose (chair), Hanson, Catherine (internal member), Harber, Kent (internal member), Graves, William (internal member), Delgado, Mauricio (internal member), Casey, Betty Jane (outside member).

Subjects/Keywords: Decision making

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mills-Finnerty, Colleen, 1. (2015). Multidimensional decision making. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48781/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mills-Finnerty, Colleen, 1985-. “Multidimensional decision making.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Rutgers University. Accessed December 12, 2019. https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48781/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mills-Finnerty, Colleen, 1985-. “Multidimensional decision making.” 2015. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Mills-Finnerty, Colleen 1. Multidimensional decision making. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48781/.

Council of Science Editors:

Mills-Finnerty, Colleen 1. Multidimensional decision making. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2015. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48781/

Miami University

14. Simons, Kevin J. The Work Process of Research Librarians: Implementation of the Abstraction-Decomposition Space.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2005, Miami University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1113847496

► Cognitive work analysis (CWA) is a method of understanding and documenting the constraints inherent in a work domain, irrespective of the actions undertaken within the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Cognitive Work Analysis; CWA; Abstraction-Decomposition Space; ADS; Decision Ladder; Work Domain Analysis; WDA; Task Analysis; Information Research; Librarian; Library Science; Information Science; Protocol Analysis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Simons, K. J. (2005). The Work Process of Research Librarians: Implementation of the Abstraction-Decomposition Space. (Doctoral Dissertation). Miami University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1113847496

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Simons, Kevin J. “The Work Process of Research Librarians: Implementation of the Abstraction-Decomposition Space.” 2005. Doctoral Dissertation, Miami University. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1113847496.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Simons, Kevin J. “The Work Process of Research Librarians: Implementation of the Abstraction-Decomposition Space.” 2005. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Simons KJ. The Work Process of Research Librarians: Implementation of the Abstraction-Decomposition Space. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Miami University; 2005. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1113847496.

Council of Science Editors:

Simons KJ. The Work Process of Research Librarians: Implementation of the Abstraction-Decomposition Space. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Miami University; 2005. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1113847496

The Ohio State University

15. Kajdasz, James Edward. Face Validity and Decision Aid Neglect.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2010, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1287176743

► Test makers are generally not concerned with how suitable a test item is perceived to be by the testee (face validity). Unlike test takers… (more)

▼ Test makers are generally not concerned with how suitable a test item is perceived to be by the testee (face validity). Unlike test takers however, decision makers (DMs) may choose to disregard a decision aid if they believe it is unsuitable for its stated purpose. I present a scale adapted from Nevo (1985) to measure decision aid face validity (DAFV). In three experiments, measures of DAFV obtained from one group of participants are shown to correlate with rates of decision aid reliance in another group of participants. Participants were asked to estimate the rent of an apartment. After making an initial estimate for the apartment, the participant was then presented with one of several possible DAs designed to estimate rent. The methodology of the aid was described along with the DA estimated rent. Participants were given the option to revise their initial rent estimate based on the new information provided by the DA if they desired. The FV of the aid (as measured during a previous pilot study) was correlated with the measure of DA reliance. I also present research that integrates DAFV with decision maker confidence. The previous methodology is repeated except the apartments are located in four cities. Participants have high confidence in their ability to estimate the rent in the local city, but less confidence in their ability to estimate rent in far away cities. As shown in previous research, a negative correlation was observed between confidence and decision aid reliance. In addition, a hypothesized interaction was observed between confidence and DAFV. When participant confidence was high (i.e., local city), DA reliance tended to be low. When confidence was low (i.e. foreign city), DA reliance was high if DAFV was high. When DAFV was low, DA reliance tended to be low even when confidence was low. Finally, how the performance of a DA is communicated was examined. The performance of a hypothetical decision aid was communicated in several different formats: 1) participants saw the mean accuracy of the DA, and the mean accuracy of the DM: “The decision aid was, on average, 70% accurate compared to 60% accuracy of unaided decision makers.” 2) participants were given mean DA accuracy only “The decision aid was, on average, 70% accurate.” 3) Participants were given the proportion of DMs beaten by the DA: “This decision aid performed better than 76% of human resource experts who did not use the aid.” Face validity was assessed for the aid using the various formats. Two experiments replicate the finding that “DA only” had consistently higher FV than “DA & DM” performance. This occurred even though the DA always performed better than the DMs. It seems participants were unimpressed by an aid that only outscored its expert decision maker by 10% or less, and punished the DA when this difference was made salient. Advisors/Committee Members: Arkes, Hal R. (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Psychology; face validity; decision aid; decision aid neglect; decision aid use; decision aid reliance; decision maker confidence; decision aid performance

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kajdasz, J. E. (2010). Face Validity and Decision Aid Neglect. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1287176743

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kajdasz, James Edward. “Face Validity and Decision Aid Neglect.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1287176743.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kajdasz, James Edward. “Face Validity and Decision Aid Neglect.” 2010. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Kajdasz JE. Face Validity and Decision Aid Neglect. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1287176743.

Council of Science Editors:

Kajdasz JE. Face Validity and Decision Aid Neglect. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2010. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1287176743

University of Minnesota

16. Shu, Siwen. Debias Human Judgment with a Common Decision Bias: An Experimental Study of the Anchoring Effect in Hiring Decision-Making.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2018, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/199016

► Hiring decision-making is heavily based on intuition-based approaches (e.g., expert judgment, group consensus meetings) despite extensive research supporting the use of analytical approaches (e.g., algorithms,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: anchoring; decision bias; judgment and decision making

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shu, S. (2018). Debias Human Judgment with a Common Decision Bias: An Experimental Study of the Anchoring Effect in Hiring Decision-Making. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/199016

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shu, Siwen. “Debias Human Judgment with a Common Decision Bias: An Experimental Study of the Anchoring Effect in Hiring Decision-Making.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/199016.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shu, Siwen. “Debias Human Judgment with a Common Decision Bias: An Experimental Study of the Anchoring Effect in Hiring Decision-Making.” 2018. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Shu S. Debias Human Judgment with a Common Decision Bias: An Experimental Study of the Anchoring Effect in Hiring Decision-Making. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/199016.

Council of Science Editors:

Shu S. Debias Human Judgment with a Common Decision Bias: An Experimental Study of the Anchoring Effect in Hiring Decision-Making. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/199016

Rutgers University

17. Robbins, Talia, 1991-. Memory and prediction in a changing environment.

Degree: MS, Psychology, 2016, Rutgers University

URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/49323/

► This study aims to understand the effect of changes in the environment on memory and prediction. Previous work has suggested that when recalling events from… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Memory; Decision making; Bayesian statistical decision theory

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APA (6^th Edition):

Robbins, Talia, 1. (2016). Memory and prediction in a changing environment. (Masters Thesis). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/49323/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Robbins, Talia, 1991-. “Memory and prediction in a changing environment.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Rutgers University. Accessed December 12, 2019. https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/49323/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Robbins, Talia, 1991-. “Memory and prediction in a changing environment.” 2016. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Robbins, Talia 1. Memory and prediction in a changing environment. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rutgers University; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/49323/.

Council of Science Editors:

Robbins, Talia 1. Memory and prediction in a changing environment. [Masters Thesis]. Rutgers University; 2016. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/49323/

Rutgers University

18. Byrnes, Kevin G., 1983-. Sensitivity to gain and loss as determinants of performance in the Iowa Gambling Task.

Degree: MA, Psychology, 2018, Rutgers University

URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/58625/

► Emotions have been theorized to be a source of information when making decisions. The Behavior Inhibition System (BIS) and the Behavior Approach System (BAS) are… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Decision making; Gambling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Byrnes, Kevin G., 1. (2018). Sensitivity to gain and loss as determinants of performance in the Iowa Gambling Task. (Masters Thesis). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/58625/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Byrnes, Kevin G., 1983-. “Sensitivity to gain and loss as determinants of performance in the Iowa Gambling Task.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Rutgers University. Accessed December 12, 2019. https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/58625/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Byrnes, Kevin G., 1983-. “Sensitivity to gain and loss as determinants of performance in the Iowa Gambling Task.” 2018. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Byrnes, Kevin G. 1. Sensitivity to gain and loss as determinants of performance in the Iowa Gambling Task. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rutgers University; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/58625/.

Council of Science Editors:

Byrnes, Kevin G. 1. Sensitivity to gain and loss as determinants of performance in the Iowa Gambling Task. [Masters Thesis]. Rutgers University; 2018. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/58625/

19. Urvashi. Hue: a determinent of CFF; -.

Degree: Psychology, 1990, Maharshi Dayanand University

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/41683

Abstract not available newline

Bibliography p.52-56, Appendix p.57-84

Advisors/Committee Members: Batra, Promila.

Subjects/Keywords: Visual Attribute; Wavelength of Light; Amplitude; Color

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APA (6^th Edition):

Urvashi. (1990). Hue: a determinent of CFF; -. (Thesis). Maharshi Dayanand University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/41683

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Urvashi. “Hue: a determinent of CFF; -.” 1990. Thesis, Maharshi Dayanand University. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/41683.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Urvashi. “Hue: a determinent of CFF; -.” 1990. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Vancouver:

Urvashi. Hue: a determinent of CFF; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. Maharshi Dayanand University; 1990. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/41683.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Urvashi. Hue: a determinent of CFF; -. [Thesis]. Maharshi Dayanand University; 1990. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/41683

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Miami University

20. Cuellar, Raven Elizabeth. Relationships of Multi-Type Childhood Abuse and Parental Bonding to Borderline Personality Traits in College Women.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2013, Miami University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375271697

► The purpose of the current study was to investigate how various types of victimization and parental warmth and bonding experiences cluster together in young women's… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Psychology; Psychotherapy; childhood abuse; parental bonding; parental warmth; borderline personality disorder; multi-type child maltreatment; child sexual abuse; child physical abuse; child emotional abuse; witnessing family violence; sexual revictimization; cluster analysis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cuellar, R. E. (2013). Relationships of Multi-Type Childhood Abuse and Parental Bonding to Borderline Personality Traits in College Women. (Doctoral Dissertation). Miami University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375271697

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cuellar, Raven Elizabeth. “Relationships of Multi-Type Childhood Abuse and Parental Bonding to Borderline Personality Traits in College Women.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Miami University. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375271697.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cuellar, Raven Elizabeth. “Relationships of Multi-Type Childhood Abuse and Parental Bonding to Borderline Personality Traits in College Women.” 2013. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Cuellar RE. Relationships of Multi-Type Childhood Abuse and Parental Bonding to Borderline Personality Traits in College Women. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Miami University; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375271697.

Council of Science Editors:

Cuellar RE. Relationships of Multi-Type Childhood Abuse and Parental Bonding to Borderline Personality Traits in College Women. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Miami University; 2013. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375271697

21. Athay Tomlinson, Mary Michele. Categorical and Dimensional Presentations of Information in Clinical Feedback: The Role of Cognitive Fit.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2013, Vanderbilt University

URL: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03202013-130105/ ;

► This dissertation uses cognitive fit to present a novel approach to choosing whether to analyze clinical data assuming a categorical or dimensional latent variable structure.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: decision-making; feedback; externalizing symptoms; latent variable structure; latent class analysis; graded response model

…Clinician Survey: Preferences for Feedback in Decision-Making ......................144 V… …148 Aim 1: To apply a general model of decision-making to clinical decisionmaking and… …clinical information support more effective and efficient decision-making based on the specific… …clinical judgment or decision being made. ...........................................152 viii… …feedback and decision-making. ...................159 Study A…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Athay Tomlinson, M. M. (2013). Categorical and Dimensional Presentations of Information in Clinical Feedback: The Role of Cognitive Fit. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03202013-130105/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Athay Tomlinson, Mary Michele. “Categorical and Dimensional Presentations of Information in Clinical Feedback: The Role of Cognitive Fit.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03202013-130105/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Athay Tomlinson, Mary Michele. “Categorical and Dimensional Presentations of Information in Clinical Feedback: The Role of Cognitive Fit.” 2013. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Athay Tomlinson MM. Categorical and Dimensional Presentations of Information in Clinical Feedback: The Role of Cognitive Fit. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03202013-130105/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Athay Tomlinson MM. Categorical and Dimensional Presentations of Information in Clinical Feedback: The Role of Cognitive Fit. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2013. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03202013-130105/ ;

22. Shvartsman, Michael. Adaptive Eye Movement Control in a Simple Linguistic Task.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2014, University of Michigan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/110380

► This dissertation pursues a computationally rational analysis of eye movements in a simple list-reading task. The strength of the computationally rational approach is in the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: eye movements; eyetracking; computationally rational analysis; computational modeling; lexical decision; sequential sampling; Psychology; Social Sciences

…analysis of eye movements in a simple list-reading task. The strength of the computationally… …The task used is the List Lexical Decision Task (Meyer, Schvaneveldt & Ruddy, 1974… …analysis (e.g. Anderson, 1991), and most recently computational rationality (Lewis… …complex multi-tasking scenarios (Meyer & Kieras, 1997; Howes, Lewis & Vera, 2009). In… …psycholinguistic research, task eects likewise have a longstanding history (for an early analysis…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shvartsman, M. (2014). Adaptive Eye Movement Control in a Simple Linguistic Task. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/110380

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shvartsman, Michael. “Adaptive Eye Movement Control in a Simple Linguistic Task.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/110380.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shvartsman, Michael. “Adaptive Eye Movement Control in a Simple Linguistic Task.” 2014. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Shvartsman M. Adaptive Eye Movement Control in a Simple Linguistic Task. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/110380.

Council of Science Editors:

Shvartsman M. Adaptive Eye Movement Control in a Simple Linguistic Task. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/110380

Texas A&M University

23. Pang, Bo. Evidence for a Frequency Heuristic in Experience-based Decision-Making.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/165818

► Most decision models focus on the role of expected value. However, gain-loss frequency, that is how often gains versus losses are experienced, is another important… (more)

▼ Most decision models focus on the role of expected value. However, gain-loss frequency, that is how often gains versus losses are experienced, is another important aspect of choice behavior. In decision from experience paradigms, people make choices and receive a series of gains and/or losses as feedback, and hence gain-loss frequency is salient in this decision context. Also, much research indicates that people are highly sensitive to frequency information. Thus, people might rely on gain-loss frequency to make decisions. This work examined whether and how people use frequency information in experience-based decision-making and further investigated some important psychological and developmental aspects of using frequency information. In Study 1, a frequency heuristic where people track the frequency of gains and losses and choose the option with frequent gains and rare losses was formalized, and an Expectancy-Frequency-Perseveration (EFP) model which accounts for this frequency heuristic was developed. In different decision-making paradigms and on various model performance criteria, EFP models consistently performed well and often outperformed other models without the frequency value component in terms of fitting human choice behavior, suggesting a crucial role of frequency information and the pervasiveness of the frequency heuristic in experience-based decision-making. Study 2 investigated the role of working memory (WM) in the use of the frequency heuristic. This study manipulated WM load and employed a decision-making task where the frequency heuristic is counterproductive. Behavioral results showed that participants with intact WM resources were biased towards options with frequent gains and rare losses (but with lower expected values), compared to those under WM load, indicating that WM load reduces reliance on gain-loss frequency. Consistent with the behavioral results, computational modeling results suggest that WM load diminishes attention to the frequency information. Thus, Study 2 provides evidence that WM contributes to the use of the frequency heuristic. Study 3 replicated these main results from Study 2. Furthermore, Study 3 reveals that at least one role of WM is to contribute towards making accurate gain-loss frequency judgments, which in turn could form a basis for applying this heuristic. Study 4 revealed a life-span trajectory of the use of the frequency heuristic, that is, people tend to utilize the frequency heuristic more with advancing age. Hence, it appears that the WM demand for using the frequency heuristic is not so strong that normal (healthy) age-related cognitive decline would constrain the use of it. These seemingly contradictory findings suggest a moderate WM demand for applying this heuristic. The ?irregular? position of the frequency heuristic on the map of the dual-process models and its implications are discussed. Advisors/Committee Members: Worthy, Darrell (advisor), Schmeichel, Brandon (committee member), Bernard, Jessica (committee member), Liew, Jeffrey (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Frequency Heuristic; Decision Making

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pang, B. (2017). Evidence for a Frequency Heuristic in Experience-based Decision-Making. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/165818

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pang, Bo. “Evidence for a Frequency Heuristic in Experience-based Decision-Making.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/165818.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pang, Bo. “Evidence for a Frequency Heuristic in Experience-based Decision-Making.” 2017. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Pang B. Evidence for a Frequency Heuristic in Experience-based Decision-Making. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/165818.

Council of Science Editors:

Pang B. Evidence for a Frequency Heuristic in Experience-based Decision-Making. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/165818

Louisiana State University

24. Acklin, Dina. Cognitive bias and learning from experience: Reflective processes for reducing bias.

Degree: MA, Psychology, 2014, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-02202015-161715 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/2335

► While heuristic processing is often useful for quickly ascertaining information in everyday situations, it can lead to inaccuracies when task demands become complex and more… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: heuristics; confirmation bias; decision making

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Acklin, D. (2014). Cognitive bias and learning from experience: Reflective processes for reducing bias. (Masters Thesis). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-02202015-161715 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/2335

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Acklin, Dina. “Cognitive bias and learning from experience: Reflective processes for reducing bias.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Louisiana State University. Accessed December 12, 2019. etd-02202015-161715 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/2335.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Acklin, Dina. “Cognitive bias and learning from experience: Reflective processes for reducing bias.” 2014. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Acklin D. Cognitive bias and learning from experience: Reflective processes for reducing bias. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: etd-02202015-161715 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/2335.

Council of Science Editors:

Acklin D. Cognitive bias and learning from experience: Reflective processes for reducing bias. [Masters Thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2014. Available from: etd-02202015-161715 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/2335

University of Southern California

25. Reimann, Martin. Neurophysiological markers of hope and hopefulness and their behavioral consequences for risky decision-making.

Degree: MA, Psychology, 2013, University of Southern California

URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/656521/rec/4380

► This research distinguishes between two concepts—hope and hopefulness—that researchers have previously used interchangeably. A behavioral experiment paired with functional neuroimaging demonstrates that these two concepts… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: hope; risky decision-making; fMRI.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Reimann, M. (2013). Neurophysiological markers of hope and hopefulness and their behavioral consequences for risky decision-making. (Masters Thesis). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/656521/rec/4380

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reimann, Martin. “Neurophysiological markers of hope and hopefulness and their behavioral consequences for risky decision-making.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Southern California. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/656521/rec/4380.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reimann, Martin. “Neurophysiological markers of hope and hopefulness and their behavioral consequences for risky decision-making.” 2013. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Reimann M. Neurophysiological markers of hope and hopefulness and their behavioral consequences for risky decision-making. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Southern California; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/656521/rec/4380.

Council of Science Editors:

Reimann M. Neurophysiological markers of hope and hopefulness and their behavioral consequences for risky decision-making. [Masters Thesis]. University of Southern California; 2013. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/656521/rec/4380

University of Southern California

26. Chu, Wilson. Temporal dynamics of perceptual decision.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2010, University of Southern California

URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/52002/rec/6385

► We combined the external noise method (1) with the cue-to-respond speed accuracy trade-off (SAT) paradigm (2) to characterize the temporal dynamics of perceptual decision making.… (more)

▼ We combined the external noise method (1) with the cue-to-respond speed accuracy trade-off (SAT) paradigm (2) to characterize the temporal dynamics of perceptual decision making. Observers were required to identify the orientation of one of eight briefly presented peripheral Gabor targets (+/- 12 deg) in both zero and high noise. An arrow, occurring in the center of the display cued the observer to the target location 234 ms before the onset of a brief target display; an auditory beep, occurring at one of eight delays (SOA=25 to 800 ms) after the target onset, cued the observers to respond. Five Gabor contrasts, spanning a wide range of performance levels, were tested in each external noise condition. Increasing accuracy of discrimination (d ) was measured over processing times from 210 to 940 ms (as a function of SOA to the cue) in each external noise and Gabor contrast condition. All ten SAT functions were well fit by exponential functions with identical time constant and intercept but different asymptotic levels. This suggests that, despite enormous variation in the external noise and contrast energy in the stimulus, and in the ultimate accuracy of performance, information accumulated with the same rate and starting time across all the external noise and contrast conditions. In addition, we conducted a standard response time version of the experiment both before and halfway through the SAT procedure. Data from the response time version of the experiment were all consistent with the speed-accuracy trade-off data, but primarily differed in response accuracy. A simple elaboration of the perceptual template model (3) with a dynamic decision process in which information accumulates with the same rate but with step sizes proportional to the signal to noise ratio in the perceptual representation of the visual input fully accounts for the results.; The cued-to respond Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff (SAT) paradigm (1) combined with external noise manipulations was used to evaluate the effects of perceptual learning on the temporal dynamics of perceptual decision. Observers were trained in a 2AFC Gabor (+/- 12°) orientation-discrimination task in eight sessions. An auditory beep occurred at one of 8 delays (SOA = 25ms to 800ms) that cued the subjects to respond. Subject's performance was constrained to 79.1% and 70.7% correct at the longest SOA by a 3-to-1 and a 2-to-1 staircase respectively that adjusted the contrast of the signal stimuli. All subjects showed learning, demonstrated by an average reduction of contrast threshold levels of 23% in high noise and 22% in low noise. An elaborated perceptual template model with a dynamic decision process (2) provided very good fits to the data. The best-fitting model included identical time constant and intercept (t0) across all the training sessions. The result suggests that perceptual learning enhances stimulus (in the zero external noise condition) and excludes external noise (in the high external noise condition) without altering the temporal dynamics of perceptual decision. Advisors/Committee Members: Lu, Zhong-Lin (Committee Chair), Tjan, Bosco S. (Committee Member), Manis, Franklin R. (Committee Member), Hellige, Joseph (Committee Member), Hirsch, Judith A. (Committee Member).

Subjects/Keywords: perceptual decision; perceptual learning; psychophysics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chu, W. (2010). Temporal dynamics of perceptual decision. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/52002/rec/6385

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chu, Wilson. “Temporal dynamics of perceptual decision.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Southern California. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/52002/rec/6385.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chu, Wilson. “Temporal dynamics of perceptual decision.” 2010. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Chu W. Temporal dynamics of perceptual decision. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/52002/rec/6385.

Council of Science Editors:

Chu W. Temporal dynamics of perceptual decision. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2010. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/52002/rec/6385

27. hussein, amez jaafar. AGING AND DECISION MAKING AS MEASURED BY THE SWEDISH VERSION OF THE ADMC BATTERY.

Degree: Psychology, 2013, Umeå University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-68356

►

The aim of this study was to examine age-related differences in decision-making competence. The study is a part of the ongoing Betula project (Nilsson… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Aging; ADMC; Decision; Betula

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

hussein, a. j. (2013). AGING AND DECISION MAKING AS MEASURED BY THE SWEDISH VERSION OF THE ADMC BATTERY. (Thesis). Umeå University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-68356

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

hussein, amez jaafar. “AGING AND DECISION MAKING AS MEASURED BY THE SWEDISH VERSION OF THE ADMC BATTERY.” 2013. Thesis, Umeå University. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-68356.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

hussein, amez jaafar. “AGING AND DECISION MAKING AS MEASURED BY THE SWEDISH VERSION OF THE ADMC BATTERY.” 2013. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

hussein aj. AGING AND DECISION MAKING AS MEASURED BY THE SWEDISH VERSION OF THE ADMC BATTERY. [Internet] [Thesis]. Umeå University; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-68356.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

hussein aj. AGING AND DECISION MAKING AS MEASURED BY THE SWEDISH VERSION OF THE ADMC BATTERY. [Thesis]. Umeå University; 2013. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-68356

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of New South Wales

28. Lorian, Carolyn Nicole. Risk-avoidance and anxiety pathology.

Degree: Psychology, 2011, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51459 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10145/SOURCE02?view=true

► There is mounting evidence to suggest that people with anxiety disorders exhibit a risk-avoidant decision-making bias, the safety bias, believed to be implicated in the… (more)

▼ There is mounting evidence to suggest that people with anxiety disorders exhibit a risk-avoidant decision-making bias, the safety bias, believed to be implicated in the development and maintenance of anxiety pathology. This thesis sought to empirically investigate the hypothesised relationship between risk-avoidance and pathological anxiety in several clinical and non-clinical samples, using self-report and behavioural indices of risk-taking. Furthermore, this thesis examined the clinical implications of risk-avoidance for treatment-seeking and as a cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) treatment outcome variable. Study 1 investigated the association between risk-avoidance, social anxiety, and behavioural inhibition sensitivity (BIS) in an undergraduate sample. Results suggested that risk-avoidance may be a partial mediator of the relationship between BIS and social anxiety. Studies 2 and 3 investigated whether risk-avoidant preferences generalised to clinical online and treatment-seeking samples. Anxious individuals reported reduced risk propensity relative to non-clinical control participants (Study 2). Furthermore, aspects of risk-avoidance were shown to contribute uniquely to anxiety disorder symptoms, even when controlling for a robust dispositional vulnerability, neuroticism (Study 3). Study 4 examined the relationship between risk-aversion and treatment-seeking preferences in an online sample of anxious individuals. Individuals with SP and GAD (but not OCD) reported greater risk-aversion when compared to non-clinical control participants. Furthermore, willingness to seek treatment was found to be positively associated with aspects of risk-avoidance. Finally, studies 5 and 6 further explored self-reported domain-specific risk-taking as a treatment outcome in an internet-delivered CBT (iCBT) program for GAD and group CBT (CBGT) treatment for SP and PDAg. Patients in all treatment groups showed significantly decreased tendencies towards risk-avoidance in the social and recreational domains. In Study 5, mediation analyses revealed risk-taking to be a significant mediator for treatment outcome for depressive symptomatology (but not GAD symptomatology). In Study 6, results suggested that reductions in risk-avoidance were significantly associated with improvements in SP, PDAg and depressive symptoms. Together, the findings of this program of research support the existence of a risk-avoidant decision-making bias in those with pathological anxiety, and further provides evidence for the theoretical and clinical implications of risk-avoidance in the development, maintenance and treatment of anxiety disorders. Advisors/Committee Members: Grisham, Jessica, Psychology, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Henry, Julie, Psychology, Faculty of Science, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Decision-making; Anxiety; Risk-avoidance

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lorian, C. N. (2011). Risk-avoidance and anxiety pathology. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51459 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10145/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lorian, Carolyn Nicole. “Risk-avoidance and anxiety pathology.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51459 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10145/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lorian, Carolyn Nicole. “Risk-avoidance and anxiety pathology.” 2011. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Lorian CN. Risk-avoidance and anxiety pathology. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51459 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10145/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Lorian CN. Risk-avoidance and anxiety pathology. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2011. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51459 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10145/SOURCE02?view=true

University of New South Wales

29. Camilleri, Adrian. The psychological mechanisms underpinning experience-based choice.

Degree: Psychology, 2011, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51578 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10245/SOURCE02?view=true

► Most decisions occur in the context of uncertainty. Usually we do not possess explicit knowledge of all the outcomes and their associated probabilities; instead, we… (more)

▼ Most decisions occur in the context of uncertainty. Usually we do not possess explicit knowledge of all the outcomes and their associated probabilities; instead, we must estimate this outcome distribution information from our own personal experience with similar past situations. The primary goal motivating the work contained within was to reveal the psychological mechanisms underlying such experience-based choices. The phenomenon inspiring this goal was the observation that preferences tend to reverse depending on whether information about alternative outcome distributions is learnt from a summary description or from the experience of sequentially sampling outcomes. In the first experimental chapter it is argued that much of this description-experience “gap” can be attributed to non-representative samples serving as the basis of experience-based choice. Such non-representative samples can occur externally – because of frugal sampling efforts – and internally – because of limited cognitive resources. Both of these sources of bias have the effect of under-representing rare events. However, as discussed in the second experimental chapter, these explanations are sufficient only when costless sampling is followed by a single choice. In contrast, the gap remains in situations where each of many samples is a repeated, consequential choice. It is argued that the sequential nature of these repeated choices induces a short horizon and heavy reliance on recent outcomes. The final experimental chapter demonstrates that decision-makers appear to integrate their experience in such a way as to overestimate rare events and under estimate common events. It is argued that this judgment error reflects the processes of a noisy, instance-based memory system. The system is mechanised in a new and successful model of experience-based choice: the exemplar-confusion model. It is concluded that description- and experience-based choice formats lie along a continuum of uncertainty and share important core features, including the explicit representation of probability, the combining of this probability information with outcome information, and utility maximization. The implication of this conclusion is that the differences between description- and experience-based choices emerge from how uncertainty information is acquired, rather than how it is represented or used. Advisors/Committee Members: Newell, Ben, Psychology, Faculty of Science, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Judgment; Risky choice; Decision

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Camilleri, A. (2011). The psychological mechanisms underpinning experience-based choice. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51578 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10245/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Camilleri, Adrian. “The psychological mechanisms underpinning experience-based choice.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51578 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10245/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Camilleri, Adrian. “The psychological mechanisms underpinning experience-based choice.” 2011. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Camilleri A. The psychological mechanisms underpinning experience-based choice. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51578 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10245/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Camilleri A. The psychological mechanisms underpinning experience-based choice. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2011. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51578 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10245/SOURCE02?view=true

University of Minnesota

30. Lee, Wei-Chun Vanessa. Choosing a college major: Factors that might influence the way students make decisions.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2009, University of Minnesota

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58517

► This current study investigated Janis and Mann's (1977) Conflict Model of Decision Making. Specifically, Janis and Mann's model was tested to examine decision-making styles (coping… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: College major; Decision-making; Psychology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lee, W. V. (2009). Choosing a college major: Factors that might influence the way students make decisions. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://purl.umn.edu/58517

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lee, Wei-Chun Vanessa. “Choosing a college major: Factors that might influence the way students make decisions.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed December 12, 2019. http://purl.umn.edu/58517.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lee, Wei-Chun Vanessa. “Choosing a college major: Factors that might influence the way students make decisions.” 2009. Web. 12 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Lee WV. Choosing a college major: Factors that might influence the way students make decisions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 12]. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/58517.

Council of Science Editors:

Lee WV. Choosing a college major: Factors that might influence the way students make decisions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2009. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/58517

Open Access Theses and Dissertations