subject:(Middle Eastern studies)

Georgetown University

1. Adler, Shannan Butler. Israel's haredim effect| Theocracy in a democratic state.

Degree: 2014, Georgetown University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1556437

► As the sole stable democracy in the Middle East and the only Jewish democratic country in the world, Israel faces unique challenges. The intersection… (more)

▼ As the sole stable democracy in the Middle East and the only Jewish democratic country in the world, Israel faces unique challenges. The intersection of religion and civic responsibility has been a central internal conflict since Israel's founding in 1948, and today has reached a critical breaking point. The Haredim are a rapidly growing insular Ultra-Orthodox segment of Israel's Jewish population that have wielded disproportionate political influence since the birth of the nation. Refusing to seek jobs in a secular economy or participate in the military, these Jews perceive themselves as an independent religious community and actively seek to preserve that distinction. As Ultra-Orthodox, this community embraces only the most stringent interpretations of the Jewish bible, called the Torah, and insists that Israel's democracy incorporate central tenets of biblical law within its governing bodies. The Haredim's fervent rejection of the economic, educational, social, and military pillars that constitute the backbone of modern-day Israel comes at a high cost to the state. High unemployment rates and a refusal to participate in Israel's conscription military place the Haredim at odds with the vast majority of Jewish Israelis who do not share their values and pay large sums of money to support them. The Haredim currently comprise 11 percent of the total population and are expected to reach 18 percent by 2030. The social, economic, and military implications of this growth are dire and the need for remediation is urgent. A critical and thorough examination of evidence and primary sources supports this urgency. In 2014, a dramatic political shift in Israel enabled the current governing coalition to take a litigious approach towards addressing its shared future with the Haredim. Haredi compliance with new laws is unlikely given that the Haredim feel duty-bound only to the Torah, yet an emerging middle-class of Haredim who embrace secular values while retaining their religious roots may be the key to preserving Haredi values while encouraging more responsible civic participation. It is difficult to envision a future in which Israel is militarily strong, financially solvent, and able to preserve itself for future generations if Israel cannot thoughtfully address its complicated relationship with the Haredim.

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Adler, S. B. (2014). Israel's haredim effect| Theocracy in a democratic state. (Thesis). Georgetown University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1556437

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Adler, Shannan Butler. “Israel's haredim effect| Theocracy in a democratic state.” 2014. Thesis, Georgetown University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1556437.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Adler, Shannan Butler. “Israel's haredim effect| Theocracy in a democratic state.” 2014. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Adler SB. Israel's haredim effect| Theocracy in a democratic state. [Internet] [Thesis]. Georgetown University; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1556437.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Adler SB. Israel's haredim effect| Theocracy in a democratic state. [Thesis]. Georgetown University; 2014. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1556437

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Kansas

2. Marcy, Adam Charles. Incapacitated by Education: The Role of Education in the Fall of Mohammed Reza Shah.

Degree: MA, Global and International Studies, Center for, 2010, University of Kansas

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7622

► The Iranian revolution of 1979 was a cataclysmic event that forever changed the course of history. While the events that preceded the overthrow of Mohammed… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Marcy, A. C. (2010). Incapacitated by Education: The Role of Education in the Fall of Mohammed Reza Shah. (Masters Thesis). University of Kansas. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7622

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marcy, Adam Charles. “Incapacitated by Education: The Role of Education in the Fall of Mohammed Reza Shah.” 2010. Masters Thesis, University of Kansas. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7622.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marcy, Adam Charles. “Incapacitated by Education: The Role of Education in the Fall of Mohammed Reza Shah.” 2010. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Marcy AC. Incapacitated by Education: The Role of Education in the Fall of Mohammed Reza Shah. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Kansas; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7622.

Council of Science Editors:

Marcy AC. Incapacitated by Education: The Role of Education in the Fall of Mohammed Reza Shah. [Masters Thesis]. University of Kansas; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7622

Wright State University

3. Abd, Ali Saeed. Modern Arab Discourse and Democracy: An Epistemological Critique.

Degree: MHum, Humanities, 2011, Wright State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1316174224

► Nearly two centuries have elapsed since the early 19th century modern Arab nahda. In contemporary Arab-Muslim accounts, there can be no downplaying the fact that… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Abd, A. S. (2011). Modern Arab Discourse and Democracy: An Epistemological Critique. (Masters Thesis). Wright State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1316174224

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Abd, Ali Saeed. “Modern Arab Discourse and Democracy: An Epistemological Critique.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Wright State University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1316174224.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Abd, Ali Saeed. “Modern Arab Discourse and Democracy: An Epistemological Critique.” 2011. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Abd AS. Modern Arab Discourse and Democracy: An Epistemological Critique. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Wright State University; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1316174224.

Council of Science Editors:

Abd AS. Modern Arab Discourse and Democracy: An Epistemological Critique. [Masters Thesis]. Wright State University; 2011. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1316174224

University of California – San Francisco

4. Elshatarat, Rami Azmi. Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs about Smoking in Jordanian Men who are Smokers and Hospitalized with a Cardiovascular Diagnosis.

Degree: Nursing, 2010, University of California – San Francisco

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8r40m0md

► ABSTRACTBackground: Tobacco use is the most preventable cause of death worldwide. Despite high rates of tobacco use and high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in… (more)

▼ ABSTRACTBackground: Tobacco use is the most preventable cause of death worldwide. Despite high rates of tobacco use and high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Jordan, little is known about smoking behaviors in patients who smoke and have CVD. Objectives: To describe perceptions and patterns of smoking in patients hospitalized with CVD in Amman, Jordan. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited a convenience sample from two hospitals. Data were collected using medical record abstraction and structured interviews. Results: This sample of consists of 112 men who were hospitalized with CVD; they were middle-aged (52.5 ± 9.7 years), most were married, educated (≥ high school), and had incomes above the national average. The mean number of years of cigarette smoking was [35.9 (±10.4)], and they smoked 24.5(±13.62) cigarettes per day. The majority (82.3%) had medium to high nicotine dependence. About 40% had attempted to quit smoking in the past 12 months using "their own way without help from others," and intend to quit in the future using the same unsuccessful methods. The men were unaware of hazards of smoking such as stroke and addiction to nicotine; nor of the long term health benefits of quitting smoking. A logistic regression analysis showed that men with higher income (OR: 7.7, 95% CI: 2.7, 22.3), with longer hospital stays (OR: 2.6, 95% CI:1.3, 5.3), in acute cardiac settings (OR:3.9, 95% CI:1.2, 12.7), and a diagnosis of an acute CVD event (OR:3.0, 95% CI:1.1, 8.3) were more confident in their ability to quit smoking.Discussion: The key findings were that men with CVD were heavy smokers, unaware of the addictive nature of smoking and of the benefits of quitting. Some had previous unsuccessful quit attempts using their own methods, but planned to use these methods again in the future. These findings suggest that every patient admitted to the hospital must be screened for smoking status. Those who smoke need to be offered evidence based smoking cessation education and counseling.

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Elshatarat, R. A. (2010). Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs about Smoking in Jordanian Men who are Smokers and Hospitalized with a Cardiovascular Diagnosis. (Thesis). University of California – San Francisco. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8r40m0md

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Elshatarat, Rami Azmi. “Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs about Smoking in Jordanian Men who are Smokers and Hospitalized with a Cardiovascular Diagnosis.” 2010. Thesis, University of California – San Francisco. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8r40m0md.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Elshatarat, Rami Azmi. “Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs about Smoking in Jordanian Men who are Smokers and Hospitalized with a Cardiovascular Diagnosis.” 2010. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Elshatarat RA. Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs about Smoking in Jordanian Men who are Smokers and Hospitalized with a Cardiovascular Diagnosis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – San Francisco; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8r40m0md.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Elshatarat RA. Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs about Smoking in Jordanian Men who are Smokers and Hospitalized with a Cardiovascular Diagnosis. [Thesis]. University of California – San Francisco; 2010. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8r40m0md

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California, Berkeley

5. Levin, Sarah Frances. Narrative Remembrance| Close Encounters Between Muslims and Jews in Morocco's Atlas Mountains.

Degree: 2017, University of California, Berkeley

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10283164

► This dissertation examines twentieth-century Jewish-Muslim relations in Morocco’s Atlas Mountains through oral traditions (anecdotes, jokes, songs, poetry duels) as remembered by Muslims and Jews… (more)

▼ This dissertation examines twentieth-century Jewish-Muslim relations in Morocco’s Atlas Mountains through oral traditions (anecdotes, jokes, songs, poetry duels) as remembered by Muslims and Jews in the twenty-first century. Jews had lived in these predominantly Berber-speaking regions for over one thousand years; yet these rural Jewish communities had almost completely disappeared by the early 1960s, due to mass emigration, largely to Israel. Despite the totality of the rupture, Jews and Muslims retain vivid memories of their former neighbors. Drawing on my fieldwork with Muslims still living in Moroccan villages and with Jews in Israel who had emigrated from those same villages over half a century earlier, I use the anecdotes and songs that animate these reminiscences as my primary sources. My analysis is further informed by extensive research on Moroccan history and culture. My study reveals that Berber oral traditions functioned in the past—and continue to function in present-day reminiscences—as forms of creative acknowledgment of both difference and affinity between Jews and Muslims. Analyzing examples from this corpus illuminates aspects and nuances of the intricacies of daily life rarely addressed in other sources, facilitating a deeper understanding of the paradoxes and possibilities of Jewish/Muslim co-existence in Morocco’s Atlas Mountains, and perhaps beyond. Central to my theoretical concerns, therefore, are interreligious cultural production and boundaries. Berber cultural traditions in particular offer a unique framework (for both participants and researchers) for addressing issues of boundaries and difference, while simultaneously elucidating the shared cultural worlds of Jews and Muslims in which oral traditions played a crucial role, and out of which came creativity, humor, and community. It was the engagement with difference, rather than its erasure, that fostered community and a rich intercultural life. I begin with an investigation of the phenomenon of Arabic-speaking Jews among Berber-speaking Muslims, which also illuminates Jewish participation in Berber oral—and other cultural—traditions. Rather than a unidirectional acculturation of the minority into the majority culture, Berber cultural forms engaged by Muslims and Jews reflect a dynamic interchange. I posit the idea of Muslim-Jewish “co-productions” for many of the shared Berber oral traditions, particularly for the poetic duels. In my analysis of the recounted anecdotes and poems, I explore how Muslims and Jews not only speak of each other but also through each other’s voices. Through adaptation of Bakhtin’s theoretical concepts of dialogism and polyphony, I show how speaking in one another’s voices allows Muslim and Jewish narrators to express multiple and often contradictory meanings simultaneously. Throughout my analysis, I investigate how boundaries did not always fall neatly or predictably into religious categories, nor did the…

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern history; Folklore; Middle Eastern studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Levin, S. F. (2017). Narrative Remembrance| Close Encounters Between Muslims and Jews in Morocco's Atlas Mountains. (Thesis). University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10283164

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Levin, Sarah Frances. “Narrative Remembrance| Close Encounters Between Muslims and Jews in Morocco's Atlas Mountains.” 2017. Thesis, University of California, Berkeley. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10283164.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Levin, Sarah Frances. “Narrative Remembrance| Close Encounters Between Muslims and Jews in Morocco's Atlas Mountains.” 2017. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Levin SF. Narrative Remembrance| Close Encounters Between Muslims and Jews in Morocco's Atlas Mountains. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California, Berkeley; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10283164.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Levin SF. Narrative Remembrance| Close Encounters Between Muslims and Jews in Morocco's Atlas Mountains. [Thesis]. University of California, Berkeley; 2017. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10283164

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

The George Washington University

6. Pulliam, Sara. The Game of Sovereignty| A Story of Saudi Beginnings.

Degree: 2018, The George Washington University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10743430

► This research project examines the tactics used by Ibn Sa’ud and the officials of the early Saudi State during the years 1922 to 1932—when… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern history; Middle Eastern studies; History

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pulliam, S. (2018). The Game of Sovereignty| A Story of Saudi Beginnings. (Thesis). The George Washington University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10743430

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pulliam, Sara. “The Game of Sovereignty| A Story of Saudi Beginnings.” 2018. Thesis, The George Washington University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10743430.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pulliam, Sara. “The Game of Sovereignty| A Story of Saudi Beginnings.” 2018. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Pulliam S. The Game of Sovereignty| A Story of Saudi Beginnings. [Internet] [Thesis]. The George Washington University; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10743430.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pulliam S. The Game of Sovereignty| A Story of Saudi Beginnings. [Thesis]. The George Washington University; 2018. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10743430

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

7. Ghazal, Rehab Y. The Arab Spring and beyond| Society, education, and the civic engagement of women in Egypt before, during, and after the January 25 uprising.

Degree: 2014, State University of New York at Buffalo

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3640767

► This dissertation examines the civic experiences of women before, during and after the January 25, 2011 Uprising in Egypt in an attempt to explore… (more)

▼ This dissertation examines the civic experiences of women before, during and after the January 25, 2011 Uprising in Egypt in an attempt to explore this group's perception of what encouraged or discouraged them from engaging civically. Two questions guide this investigation. How do Egyptian women with a social studies background narrate their civic experiences before, during and after the January 25 Uprising? And to what extent have the K-12 citizenship education and related policies impacted the civic engagement of these future teachers before, during and after the Uprising? Inspired by the works of Dewey, Freire and hook, this study views education as key in developing engaged citizens. Schools represent the society and are responsible for cultivating future generations. The experiences students have influences their knowledge and attitudes as citizens. This study traces the impact of education, school environment, and the society in general on empowering women to have a voice, engage in the community, and make political choices. Data were collected in Egypt in 2013 amid much instability but at a time when Egyptians had to put their civic duty first and make many political choices. Twenty-two women took part in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The participant pool included teachers of social studies, graduate students of social studies education or history, and undergraduate students majoring in a social studies related field. Additional sources of data included, non-participant observations, document analysis, and field notes. Using grounded theory to analyze and interpret the data; findings reveal that societal norms and school practices have limited the participants' choices and led the women to believe that their voices were silenced. However, the data also reflects strong human agency that the women exhibited consciously and unconsciously. Through intensive fieldwork, this dissertation sets the groundwork for future studies targeting education and women in the Middle East. It offers intellectual space for a much-needed conversation on educational policies, citizenship education, democracy, and women status in the Middle East.

Subjects/Keywords: Women's Studies; Middle Eastern Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ghazal, R. Y. (2014). The Arab Spring and beyond| Society, education, and the civic engagement of women in Egypt before, during, and after the January 25 uprising. (Thesis). State University of New York at Buffalo. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3640767

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ghazal, Rehab Y. “The Arab Spring and beyond| Society, education, and the civic engagement of women in Egypt before, during, and after the January 25 uprising.” 2014. Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3640767.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ghazal, Rehab Y. “The Arab Spring and beyond| Society, education, and the civic engagement of women in Egypt before, during, and after the January 25 uprising.” 2014. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Ghazal RY. The Arab Spring and beyond| Society, education, and the civic engagement of women in Egypt before, during, and after the January 25 uprising. [Internet] [Thesis]. State University of New York at Buffalo; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3640767.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ghazal RY. The Arab Spring and beyond| Society, education, and the civic engagement of women in Egypt before, during, and after the January 25 uprising. [Thesis]. State University of New York at Buffalo; 2014. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3640767

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

8. Saeedi-Arcangeli, Sepideh. The process of community constitution on the Iranian Plateau during the Proto-Elamite horizon.

Degree: 2015, State University of New York at Binghamton

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3717914

► In this dissertation I explore the relationship between spatial organization of domestic practices and their role in the process of community constitution at the… (more)

▼ In this dissertation I explore the relationship between spatial organization of domestic practices and their role in the process of community constitution at the local and regional levels during an enigmatic time period on the Iranian Plateau called the Proto-Elamite horizon. This horizon spans from the end of the fourth millennium and the beginning of the third millennium BCE (i.e. 3100-2700 B.C.E.) and marks the beginning of a period of widespread social and political administrative complexity on the Iranian Plateau. For this study, I reviewed the preliminary and published reports of 12 settlements that contain material culture of the Proto-Elamite horizon. I have chosen to investigate the daily practices and patterns of usage of domestic spaces in four of these settlements. I have studied the quality and quantity of macro-remains and artifacts, including architectural features, ceramics and small finds, to infer the types and intensities of daily practices, subsistence patterns and the way indoor and outdoor areas were used in each of these settlements. Then the results are compared in order to examine the similarities and differences among local communities and the possibility of the existence of a larger imagined community in this vast territory during this time period. In this study, I demonstrate that the perceived uniformity of the Proto-Elamite horizon in different settlements is only superficial. Due to the variations in the types and intensities of daily practices and the pattern of presumed domestic space usage, certainly social practices involved in creating and maintaining the Proto-Elamite communities were far from homogenous. The Proto-Elamite horizon as an imagined community functioned more or less as a network with nodes and links that in some cases bypassed certain geographic areas. The Proto-Elamite phenomenon was constituted of local and imagined communities coexisting as nested and/or cross-cutting entities. Shared living conditions in local communities and frequent interactions among their members gave each local community its own character different from the fluid larger imagined community. Ultimately however, local and imagined Proto-Elamite communities were not fully separate and distinct. The Proto-Elamite network was dynamic and did not penetrate every location into the same cultural mould.

Subjects/Keywords: Archaeology; Middle Eastern studies; Near Eastern studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Saeedi-Arcangeli, S. (2015). The process of community constitution on the Iranian Plateau during the Proto-Elamite horizon. (Thesis). State University of New York at Binghamton. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3717914

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Saeedi-Arcangeli, Sepideh. “The process of community constitution on the Iranian Plateau during the Proto-Elamite horizon.” 2015. Thesis, State University of New York at Binghamton. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3717914.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Saeedi-Arcangeli, Sepideh. “The process of community constitution on the Iranian Plateau during the Proto-Elamite horizon.” 2015. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Saeedi-Arcangeli S. The process of community constitution on the Iranian Plateau during the Proto-Elamite horizon. [Internet] [Thesis]. State University of New York at Binghamton; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3717914.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Saeedi-Arcangeli S. The process of community constitution on the Iranian Plateau during the Proto-Elamite horizon. [Thesis]. State University of New York at Binghamton; 2015. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3717914

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Princeton University

9. Elgawhary, Tarek A. Restructuring Islamic law| The opinions of the 'ulama' towards codification of personal status law in Egypt.

Degree: 2014, Princeton University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3665313

► This dissertation explores the process, effects, and results of codification of Egyptian personal status laws as seen through the eyes of the 'ulamā'.… (more)

▼ This dissertation explores the process, effects, and results of codification of Egyptian personal status laws as seen through the eyes of the 'ulamā'. The codification process began in the mid-1800s and continued until the abolishment of the Sharī'a courts in 1955 with the absorption of personal status statutes into the newly drafted civil code and the national courts that administered them. Throughout this time period the codification process entailed finding appropriate rulings from the annals of Islamic law and structuring these rulings using the model and language of European legal codes, usually the French code. Prior to the abolition of the Sharī'a courts in 1955 the area of personal status law was the exclusive domain of the 'ulamā' and the Sharī'a. In Egypt, personal status laws were exclusively based on H&dotbelow;anafī law, and issues of consolidation and codification of these laws first took place within the framework of classical Islamic law, not outside of it. To understand the significance of the process of codification of personal status law, therefore, one must examine the attitudes of the 'ulamā' regarding it and consider its place within the edifice of Islamic law. From a prima facie reading it would seem that a codification of Islamic law is something that the 'ulamā' would consider an anathema. There were those, however, who supported it. In fact early drafts of codified personal status and civil laws were written and compiled by certain 'ulamā'. There were also others who had mixed feelings about it. The purpose of this study is to acknowledge and understand these various positions since they have been largely ignored throughout the secondary literature, and when they have been considered, have been viewed as uniform and singular. Ultimately this dissertation seeks to draw out these nuances and to draw conclusions as to why the codification of Islamic law is today a forgone conclusion amongst the 'ulamā'.

Subjects/Keywords: Law; Middle Eastern Studies; Near Eastern Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Elgawhary, T. A. (2014). Restructuring Islamic law| The opinions of the 'ulama' towards codification of personal status law in Egypt. (Thesis). Princeton University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3665313

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Elgawhary, Tarek A. “Restructuring Islamic law| The opinions of the 'ulama' towards codification of personal status law in Egypt.” 2014. Thesis, Princeton University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3665313.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Elgawhary, Tarek A. “Restructuring Islamic law| The opinions of the 'ulama' towards codification of personal status law in Egypt.” 2014. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Elgawhary TA. Restructuring Islamic law| The opinions of the 'ulama' towards codification of personal status law in Egypt. [Internet] [Thesis]. Princeton University; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3665313.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Elgawhary TA. Restructuring Islamic law| The opinions of the 'ulama' towards codification of personal status law in Egypt. [Thesis]. Princeton University; 2014. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3665313

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

10. Hawbaker, Jeremy. The pronominal clitics of Logar Ormuri.

Degree: 2014, The University of North Dakota

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1567057

► This thesis presents a description of the system of pronominal clitics in the Logar dialect of Ormuri, an Iranian language of Afghanistan and Pakistan.… (more)

▼ This thesis presents a description of the system of pronominal clitics in the Logar dialect of Ormuri, an Iranian language of Afghanistan and Pakistan. The Logar dialect is based in the Logar province of Afghanistan and is near to extinction. The thesis studies grammatical constraints on the occurrence of pronominal clitics in Ormuri sentences. It also investigates discourse factors that influence when a pronominal clitic is used to refer to an entity in the situation that is being talked about, rather than a noun, an independent pronoun, or zero anaphora. My analysis is based on a corpus consisting of fifty-five narrative texts told by Ormuri men and women in Afghanistan in the 1970s, collected and compiled separately by V. A. Efimov and Charles Kieffer. Each text was analysed with special attention to where, when, and how the pronominal clitics were used. Participant reference was analysed using the Default/Marked method described in Dooley and Levinsohn (2001). Within a clause, Ormuri pronominal clitics may function as subject, object, possessor, or indirect object. A clitic functioning as possessor appears immediately after the possessed constituent. When functioning as subject, object, or indirect object, pronominal clitics are generally placed immediately after the first phrasal constituent of the clause. In some cases, a clitic may be co-referential with a sentence-initial noun phrase that functions as a subject or object argument. When, in this way, a pronominal clitic "doubles" a noun phrase occurring earlier in the clause, the clitic appears after the second, rather than the first, phrasal constituent of the sentence. In present-tense clauses, an object argument can be encoded as a pronominal clitic, but a subject argument cannot be. In past-tense clauses, on the other hand, the subject argument of a transitive verb can be encoded as a pronominal clitic, but its object cannot be. This asymmetrical distribution of pronominal clitics in past- and present-tense clauses is a remnant of a more elaborate tense-based split-ergative system that must have existed in the past, and which still exists in the Kaniguram dialect in Pakistan. Regarding the question as to when pronominal clitics (rather than nouns or other encodings) are selected to refer to participants in the discourse world, it was found that clitics are strongly preferred in contexts where they encode a reference to a participant that continues in the same grammatical role that it had in the previous clause or sentence. The system of pronominal clitics in Logar Ormuri is similar to, albeit not identical to, the systems found in related languages, including Parachi, Persian, and Pashto.

Subjects/Keywords: Language, Linguistics; Middle Eastern Studies

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hawbaker, J. (2014). The pronominal clitics of Logar Ormuri. (Thesis). The University of North Dakota. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1567057

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hawbaker, Jeremy. “The pronominal clitics of Logar Ormuri.” 2014. Thesis, The University of North Dakota. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1567057.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hawbaker, Jeremy. “The pronominal clitics of Logar Ormuri.” 2014. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Hawbaker J. The pronominal clitics of Logar Ormuri. [Internet] [Thesis]. The University of North Dakota; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1567057.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hawbaker J. The pronominal clitics of Logar Ormuri. [Thesis]. The University of North Dakota; 2014. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1567057

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Loma Linda University

11. Nelson, Anna. Using the theory of planned behavior to predict infant restraint use in Saudi Arabia.

Degree: 2015, Loma Linda University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721189

► Objectives. Despite a child restraint system (CRS) law in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (K.S.A.), compliance has been minimal. We explored the salient behavioral,… (more)

▼ Objectives. Despite a child restraint system (CRS) law in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (K.S.A.), compliance has been minimal. We explored the salient behavioral, normative and control beliefs, which may predict intentions of CRS use in K.S.A; identified which of them independently predicted attitude, subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC); and tested the effect of attitude, SN, and PBC on the intent for CRS use. Methodology. This study was conducted in two stages. During the qualitative stage two focus groups were conducted (n=25). The identified beliefs were incorporated into a survey following Ajzen's guidelines. 196 pregnant women completed surveys at Dallah Hospital, Riyadh during June, 2013. In a separate observation to measure the CRS usage, two nurses discretely monitored 150 women leaving hospital following maternity stay. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between intent and TPB constructs; and salient beliefs and respective composite belief scores. Results. Lack of health education and law enforcement, cultural pressure, advice from family, desire to stay close to the child, family size were key factors stated. Logistic regression model with TPB constructs and covariates as predictors of CRS usage intent was statistically significant (χ2=64.986, p<0.0001, df=11) and correctly classified 72.4% of the cases. There was an increase in odds of intent to use CRS for attitudes (31.5%, p<0.05), SN (55.3%, p<0.001), and for PBC (76.9%, p<0.001). The logistic regression models testing the association of the relevant set of composite belief scores were also statistically significant for attitudes (χ2=16.803, p<0.05, df=6), SN (χ2=29.681, p<0.0001, df=5), and PBC (χ2=20.516, p<0.05, df=8). The behavioral observation showed that none of 150 women observed used CRS for their newborn. Conclusion. Attitude, SN, and PBC were significantly and independently associated with higher intent for CRS usage. Three beliefs were found to be significantly and independently associated with respective TPB constructs. While TPB appears to be useful in identifying beliefs related to CRS usage intentions in K.S.A., the results of the behavioral observation indicate that intentions may not be related to the actual usage of CRS in K.S.A. Further studies are recommended to examine this association.

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern studies; Health education

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nelson, A. (2015). Using the theory of planned behavior to predict infant restraint use in Saudi Arabia. (Thesis). Loma Linda University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721189

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nelson, Anna. “Using the theory of planned behavior to predict infant restraint use in Saudi Arabia.” 2015. Thesis, Loma Linda University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721189.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nelson, Anna. “Using the theory of planned behavior to predict infant restraint use in Saudi Arabia.” 2015. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Nelson A. Using the theory of planned behavior to predict infant restraint use in Saudi Arabia. [Internet] [Thesis]. Loma Linda University; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721189.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nelson A. Using the theory of planned behavior to predict infant restraint use in Saudi Arabia. [Thesis]. Loma Linda University; 2015. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721189

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

12. Sweis, Nadia Jalil. The Economics of Tobacco Use in Jordan.

Degree: 2013, University of Illinois at Chicago

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3550955

► This dissertation examines the economics of tobacco use in Jordan. Jordan as a low-middle income country with a small economy and limited resources is… (more)

▼ This dissertation examines the economics of tobacco use in Jordan. Jordan as a low-middle income country with a small economy and limited resources is experiencing a wide spread of tobacco use. The overarching aim of this research is to provide the first important insights about economics of tobacco use and the demand analysis in Jordan. The heart of this analysis is to conduct a global survey called the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) that can be compared to other countries, from which the prevalence of tobacco use in Jordan, exposure to second hand smoke, quit attempts for those aged 15 and above, Gender differences of tobacco use and elasticity of demand for cigarettes can be estimated. The results from the GATS showed that the overall prevalence of tobacco use for those aged 15 years old and above in 2011 was 42.2 %. By Gender men prevalence of smoking is estimated to be 55.9% and women is 23.7%. By type of tobacco The overall prevalence of cigarettes use is 35.2 % , water pipe is 15.2 %, and other types like hand rolled ciagreets, pipes and cigars is 1.5%. With respect to the age of smoking initiation, approximately 42% of smokers started smoking cigarettes between the ages of 15 and 18,whereas 29% of respondents began smoking between the ages of 19-23. The least likely time to begin smoking in Jordan is between the ages of 7-9 and over the age of 60 (2% and3% of respondents, respectively). The average price of a pack of cigarettes is estimated to be 1.4 Jordanian Dinar and an average quantity of approximately 8 packs per week. With respect to water pipe approximately 29% of water pipe smokers initiate smoking between the ages of 19-23. Similar to cigarette smoking, people are least likely to begin smoking between the ages of 7-9 and over 60 years. Our results show that the average time it takes to smoke a water pipe in Jordan is 2.2 hours (range, 30 minutes to 5 hours). On average, 2 people share the same pipe (range, 0 to 6 people). The average number of rocks smoked while participating in the session was 2.1 (range, 1-4 rocks). Of water pipe smokers, 52% use flavored tobacco while 48% uses unflavored tobacco. Most water pipe smoking is done at home (87%), followed by coffee shops (12%), restaurants (0.9%), bars and nightclubs (0.1%). Approximately half of all respondents (48%) mix something with their tobacco, such as lemon or alcohol. According to the GATS survey in Jordan, 2% of the sample consisted of former smokers. We found that 27.4% of Jordanian current smokers tried to quit smoking during the past 12 months, whereas 72.6% did not. Those who tried to stop smoking tried for several days, weeks, and months with no success. We found that smoking is allowed inside the home by 45% of all respondents. Another 22.6% of Jordanians allow some smoking in the home with some exceptions. Only 11.2% of respondents reported that smoking is never allowed at home. Other than those persons just described, another 8.4% have no rules about smoking in…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics, General; Middle Eastern Studies

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Sweis, N. J. (2013). The Economics of Tobacco Use in Jordan. (Thesis). University of Illinois at Chicago. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3550955

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sweis, Nadia Jalil. “The Economics of Tobacco Use in Jordan.” 2013. Thesis, University of Illinois at Chicago. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3550955.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sweis, Nadia Jalil. “The Economics of Tobacco Use in Jordan.” 2013. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Sweis NJ. The Economics of Tobacco Use in Jordan. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois at Chicago; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3550955.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sweis NJ. The Economics of Tobacco Use in Jordan. [Thesis]. University of Illinois at Chicago; 2013. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3550955

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Georgetown University

13. Boutz, Jennifer Hill. Hassan ibn Thabit, a true Mukhadram| A study of the Ghassanid odes of Hassan ibn Thabit.

Degree: 2009, Georgetown University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371616

► The seventh-century Madinan poet H˙assān ibn Thabit is best known for his role as poet laureate of the Prophet Muh&dotbelow;ammad. His poetry composed in… (more)

▼ The seventh-century Madinan poet H˙assān ibn Thabit is best known for his role as poet laureate of the Prophet Muh&dotbelow;ammad. His poetry composed in defense of Muh&dotbelow;ammad and the nascent religion of Islam has been widely studied, and it is in this context that H˙assān appears in Arabic literary history. This dissertation argues that in addition to his role as an exemplar of poetry in the service of Islam, H˙assān can be viewed as a true mukhad&dotbelow;ramūn. The mukhad&dotbelow;ramūn (singular: mukhad&dotbelow;ramūn ) were a class of poets whose lives spanned both the pre-Islamic and the Islamic periods. To appreciate H˙assān’s identity as a transitional figure, the poet’s pre-Islamic compositions must be examined in greater depth. Prior to the rise of Islam, H˙assān served as the primary court poet to the Ghassānids, a sedentary, Christian kingdom located in modern-day Syria and Jordan. This study analyzes H˙assān’s twenty-six Ghassānid poems and fragments. Although many of the selected poems date from the pre-Islamic period, several were composed near the end of H˙assān’s life when he nostalgically recalled his youth in the company of the Ghassānids. The method of analysis utilized in this dissertation relies on close reading and in-depth textual analysis of selected verses and poems. This study reveals H˙assān to be a pioneer in the urbanization of Arabic poetry and a precursor to the poets of the later ‘Abbāsid caliphate who replaced the desert imagery and motifs prevalent in pre-Islamic poetry with themes more appropriate to their urban iv environments. H˙assān’s compositions demonstrate not only a familiarity with the urban landscape of the Ghassānids but also a clear disdain for the pastoral lifestyle of the Arab nomads. H˙assān’s urbanism is one illustration of his status as a mukhad&dotbelow;ramūn. This study also examines the wine lyric in H˙assān’s Ghassānid poetry. The poet’s verses in praise of wine date from both the pre-Islamic and the Islamic periods and are further evidence of H˙assān’s embodiment of the mukhad&dotbelow;ramūn predicament.

Subjects/Keywords: Literature, Middle Eastern; Islamic Studies

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Boutz, J. H. (2009). Hassan ibn Thabit, a true Mukhadram| A study of the Ghassanid odes of Hassan ibn Thabit. (Thesis). Georgetown University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371616

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Boutz, Jennifer Hill. “Hassan ibn Thabit, a true Mukhadram| A study of the Ghassanid odes of Hassan ibn Thabit.” 2009. Thesis, Georgetown University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371616.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Boutz, Jennifer Hill. “Hassan ibn Thabit, a true Mukhadram| A study of the Ghassanid odes of Hassan ibn Thabit.” 2009. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Boutz JH. Hassan ibn Thabit, a true Mukhadram| A study of the Ghassanid odes of Hassan ibn Thabit. [Internet] [Thesis]. Georgetown University; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371616.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Boutz JH. Hassan ibn Thabit, a true Mukhadram| A study of the Ghassanid odes of Hassan ibn Thabit. [Thesis]. Georgetown University; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371616

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

14. Alzamanan, Mahdi Mohammed Saleh Alqotami. Case Study of Distance Learning at University of Najran.

Degree: 2017, University of Northern Colorado

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10618026

► In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the need for distance-learning programs in the universities has been gaining importance. Najran, the area in the Kingdom… (more)

▼ In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the need for distance-learning programs in the universities has been gaining importance. Najran, the area in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which this study addressed, has been the target of serious attacks against both the government and the civilian population in a recent conflict with Yemen. Because all areas of Najran have been targeted, including educational institutions, the ability for students to attend the university in recent years has been severely curtailed. While conflict prompted the study, there were, and are, other reasons for promoting distance learning in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The evidence gathered in this study exhibited the value of distance learning overall. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia could benefit greatly from distance learning programs in Najran and elsewhere due to limited space for classes, the need to shift away from the dependence on an oil economy, and the need to address both cultural and geographical factors such as providing an education to students in more rural locations, female students, and students unable to attend traditional classes due to the rapid growth of the student population. The research questions asked in the study addressed reshaping education in the war-stricken area of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia-Yemen border areas; the perceptions of teachers, students, and hiring authorities at the Civil Service Ministry of the affordances and constraints of distance learning; and the perception of the value of distance learning. A qualitative case-study methodology framed by the epistemology of constructivism was used. The study was carried out by conducting focus group interviews with teachers and students as well as with hiring authorities at the Civil Service Ministry. Three different data collection tools were used (focus group interviews, a research journal, and the gathering of artifacts). All three provided information regarding distance learning at the University of Najran and in the hiring of distance learning graduates in the City of Najran. The findings revealed the need for access, basic infrastructure, and interest in distance learning. To allow for the continued enhancement of technology, shifts in perception and greater collaboration to promote online education and employment of distance learning graduates in Najran, changes must take place.

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern studies; Educational technology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Alzamanan, M. M. S. A. (2017). Case Study of Distance Learning at University of Najran. (Thesis). University of Northern Colorado. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10618026

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alzamanan, Mahdi Mohammed Saleh Alqotami. “Case Study of Distance Learning at University of Najran.” 2017. Thesis, University of Northern Colorado. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10618026.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alzamanan, Mahdi Mohammed Saleh Alqotami. “Case Study of Distance Learning at University of Najran.” 2017. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Alzamanan MMSA. Case Study of Distance Learning at University of Najran. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Northern Colorado; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10618026.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Alzamanan MMSA. Case Study of Distance Learning at University of Najran. [Thesis]. University of Northern Colorado; 2017. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10618026

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Missouri – Kansas City

15. Alrasheedy, Abdulelah. Monetary Policies for Full Employment and Price Stability in Saudi Arabia| An Endogenous Money Approach.

Degree: 2017, University of Missouri – Kansas City

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10280216

► Despite being a relatively young and prosperous country, Saudi Arabia has recently suffered from substantial rises in unemployment. This dissertation thus examines the root… (more)

▼ Despite being a relatively young and prosperous country, Saudi Arabia has recently suffered from substantial rises in unemployment. This dissertation thus examines the root causes for the rise in unemployment and limited monetary policies in Saudi Arabia. It then attempts to provide feasible solutions for these problems. It includes an explanation of the Saudi economic structure and its features. It additionally investigates the historically-rooted causes of unemployment issues in the nation. The dissertation explains the high economic and social costs of unemployment and also calculates the empirical relationship between unemployment and loss in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) utilizing Okun’s law and applying recently-developed panel econometrics techniques; additional details about the social costs of unemployment are also explained. Knowledge of money’s effect on unemployment in Saudi Arabia is currently limited and thus the dissertation explores the ability and affordability of implementing a comprehensive solution to persistently high rates of unemployment. This is done through examining whether or not the nation experiences endogenous money processes wherein loans create deposits and deposits create reserves. In addition to exploring potential methods of achieving full employment and the expected benefits of these methods, the study explained the unique features of the Saudi economy that make said methods particularly easy to facilitate. In essence, this study revealed the possibility for the nation to achieve full employment using statistical evidence and the endogenous money supply hypothesis. The primary goal of the dissertation is to develop an approach to achieve full employment ultimately resulting in significant economic benefits for the society as a whole. It employs the endogenous money approach to offer policy solutions for unemployment in Saudi Arabia through transforming the economy into a Knowledge-based economy (KBE). KBE’s pillars are all present in Saudi Arabia save for innovation which could easily be improved because of the high numbers of educated individuals among the unemployed. Thus, this approach could benefit the nation with no foreseeable risks of harm threatened or seen from previous attempts at solutions from Saudi policy-makers.

Subjects/Keywords: Mathematics; Economics; Middle Eastern studies

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Alrasheedy, A. (2017). Monetary Policies for Full Employment and Price Stability in Saudi Arabia| An Endogenous Money Approach. (Thesis). University of Missouri – Kansas City. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10280216

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alrasheedy, Abdulelah. “Monetary Policies for Full Employment and Price Stability in Saudi Arabia| An Endogenous Money Approach.” 2017. Thesis, University of Missouri – Kansas City. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10280216.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alrasheedy, Abdulelah. “Monetary Policies for Full Employment and Price Stability in Saudi Arabia| An Endogenous Money Approach.” 2017. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Alrasheedy A. Monetary Policies for Full Employment and Price Stability in Saudi Arabia| An Endogenous Money Approach. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Kansas City; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10280216.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Alrasheedy A. Monetary Policies for Full Employment and Price Stability in Saudi Arabia| An Endogenous Money Approach. [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Kansas City; 2017. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10280216

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

San Jose State University

16. Pakbaz, Rashel. Reviving Mesopotamia| Genocide and the preservation of cultural heritage in the nationalist music of William Daniel (1903 – 1988).

Degree: 2015, San Jose State University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1596632

► Once an illiterate Christian community suppressed by its Muslim neighbors, the Mesopotamian population in Persia benefitted from the American missionaries establishing schools and hospitals… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Music; Middle Eastern studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pakbaz, R. (2015). Reviving Mesopotamia| Genocide and the preservation of cultural heritage in the nationalist music of William Daniel (1903 – 1988). (Thesis). San Jose State University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1596632

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pakbaz, Rashel. “Reviving Mesopotamia| Genocide and the preservation of cultural heritage in the nationalist music of William Daniel (1903 – 1988).” 2015. Thesis, San Jose State University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1596632.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pakbaz, Rashel. “Reviving Mesopotamia| Genocide and the preservation of cultural heritage in the nationalist music of William Daniel (1903 – 1988).” 2015. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Pakbaz R. Reviving Mesopotamia| Genocide and the preservation of cultural heritage in the nationalist music of William Daniel (1903 – 1988). [Internet] [Thesis]. San Jose State University; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1596632.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pakbaz R. Reviving Mesopotamia| Genocide and the preservation of cultural heritage in the nationalist music of William Daniel (1903 – 1988). [Thesis]. San Jose State University; 2015. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1596632

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

The University of Arizona

17. Elkekli, Fuzia Taher. The identity of the Medina, Tripoli, Libya| Conservation and urban planning from the nineteenth century to the present.

Degree: 2015, The University of Arizona

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3667721

► The Medina of Tripoli, Libya, is a very ancient walled city that has a history of change, development, deterioration, conservation, and preservation to its… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Geography; Middle Eastern Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Elkekli, F. T. (2015). The identity of the Medina, Tripoli, Libya| Conservation and urban planning from the nineteenth century to the present. (Thesis). The University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3667721

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Elkekli, Fuzia Taher. “The identity of the Medina, Tripoli, Libya| Conservation and urban planning from the nineteenth century to the present.” 2015. Thesis, The University of Arizona. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3667721.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Elkekli, Fuzia Taher. “The identity of the Medina, Tripoli, Libya| Conservation and urban planning from the nineteenth century to the present.” 2015. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Elkekli FT. The identity of the Medina, Tripoli, Libya| Conservation and urban planning from the nineteenth century to the present. [Internet] [Thesis]. The University of Arizona; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3667721.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Elkekli FT. The identity of the Medina, Tripoli, Libya| Conservation and urban planning from the nineteenth century to the present. [Thesis]. The University of Arizona; 2015. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3667721

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Princeton University

18. Efrat, Zvi. The object of Zionism| Architecture of statehood in Israel, 1948 – 1973.

Degree: 2014, Princeton University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3626579

► The Object of Zionism investigates the fabrication of the State of Israel as a unique project in modern history—unprecedented in its relative scope and… (more)

▼ The Object of Zionism investigates the fabrication of the State of Israel as a unique project in modern history—unprecedented in its relative scope and rates of growth; ideological and visionary roots; political and ethical circumstances; and concentration of architectural experiments. These experiments entailed the molding of a new artificial landscape and infrastructure, the destruction and expulsion of indigenous Palestinian communities, and the construction of dozens of New Towns and hundreds of new rural settlements for Jewish refugees and immigrants. Indeed, contrary to common belief and to visual impression, the State of Israel was not born of haphazard improvisation, emergency routine, or speculative ventures, and certainly not of gradual autochthonous build-up, but rather of the objective to construct a comprehensive, controlled, and efficient model-State and put into praxis modernist regional, urban, architectural, and sociological theories. The Dissertation is conceived along the intricate dialectics of Land and State. These two foundational notions are positioned not as a diachronic sequence (referring until 1948 to the Land of Israel and thereafter to the State of Israel), but, quite the contrary, as an immanent bipolar condition informing all textual manifestos and spatial manifestations that may be referred to as Zionist. Chapter 1 describes Zionism as an ideologically rural construct, as a strategically expansionist movement, and as an architecturally inventive culture, producing ever more new settlement typologies. Chapter 2 studies the initial master-plan of the State of Israel, published in 1951. This plan, within less than a decade, transformed from a statement of 4 principles into a mega-project transcending its originators and becoming a self-generating planning machine. Chapter 3 depicts the attempt to constitute a continuous political hegemony and a consensual cultural uniformity in Israel of the 1950s and to support such an official "Statist" attitude by a conscious and fairly elaborate architectural discourse. Chapter 4 examines both the efficiency and benevolence of the welfare-state and its coercive policy of social engineering associated with the ambitious project of mass housing. Chapter 5 narrates the all-too-decisive absorption of Brutalist architecture in Israel, and its instantaneous diffusion throughout all private and public sectors, programs, and typologies.

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern Studies; Architecture

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APA (6^th Edition):

Efrat, Z. (2014). The object of Zionism| Architecture of statehood in Israel, 1948 – 1973. (Thesis). Princeton University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3626579

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Efrat, Zvi. “The object of Zionism| Architecture of statehood in Israel, 1948 – 1973.” 2014. Thesis, Princeton University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3626579.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Efrat, Zvi. “The object of Zionism| Architecture of statehood in Israel, 1948 – 1973.” 2014. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Efrat Z. The object of Zionism| Architecture of statehood in Israel, 1948 – 1973. [Internet] [Thesis]. Princeton University; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3626579.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Efrat Z. The object of Zionism| Architecture of statehood in Israel, 1948 – 1973. [Thesis]. Princeton University; 2014. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3626579

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

19. Jones, Ian A. Withering Iraq| A case-study of the history of state failure in Iraq under a constructivist lens.

Degree: 2017, Webster University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10587521

► The popular coined term "state failure," has been used in a variety of ways to explain states that may have not lived up to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern studies; International relations

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jones, I. A. (2017). Withering Iraq| A case-study of the history of state failure in Iraq under a constructivist lens. (Thesis). Webster University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10587521

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jones, Ian A. “Withering Iraq| A case-study of the history of state failure in Iraq under a constructivist lens.” 2017. Thesis, Webster University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10587521.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jones, Ian A. “Withering Iraq| A case-study of the history of state failure in Iraq under a constructivist lens.” 2017. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Jones IA. Withering Iraq| A case-study of the history of state failure in Iraq under a constructivist lens. [Internet] [Thesis]. Webster University; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10587521.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jones IA. Withering Iraq| A case-study of the history of state failure in Iraq under a constructivist lens. [Thesis]. Webster University; 2017. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10587521

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Harvard University

20. Day, John William. In the City, Out of Place: Dispossession and the Economics of Belonging in Southeastern Turkey.

Degree: PhD, Anthropology and Middle Eastern Studies, 2013, Harvard University

URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10973942

►

This dissertation analyzes everyday talk about livelihoods, or about the challenges of work and getting by, among displaced Kurds in the city of Diyarbakır in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern studies; cultural anthropology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Day, J. W. (2013). In the City, Out of Place: Dispossession and the Economics of Belonging in Southeastern Turkey. (Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10973942

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Day, John William. “In the City, Out of Place: Dispossession and the Economics of Belonging in Southeastern Turkey.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10973942.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Day, John William. “In the City, Out of Place: Dispossession and the Economics of Belonging in Southeastern Turkey.” 2013. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Day JW. In the City, Out of Place: Dispossession and the Economics of Belonging in Southeastern Turkey. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Harvard University; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10973942.

Council of Science Editors:

Day JW. In the City, Out of Place: Dispossession and the Economics of Belonging in Southeastern Turkey. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Harvard University; 2013. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10973942

Indiana University

21. Danes, Maria Domene. Ar(T)Chive Production in Post-war Lebanon.

Degree: 2018, Indiana University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10840428

► My dissertation studies the uses of the notion of archive in post-war contemporary art practices around the Lebanese Civil Wars (1975-1990). After the wars,… (more)

▼ My dissertation studies the uses of the notion of archive in post-war contemporary art practices around the Lebanese Civil Wars (1975-1990). After the wars, a group of artists from Lebanon began to collect data and produce documents that referenced the traces and memories of the conflict. These compilations metamorphosed into aesthetic projects that took archival-like forms. In this dissertation, I discuss the archival works of Walid Raad, Paola Yacoub/Michel Lasserre, Gilbert Hage, Jalal Toufic, Joanna Hadjithomas/Khalil Joreige, Lamia Joreige, Akram Zaatari, Rasha Salti/Ziad Antar and Marwan Rechmaoui. This boom of art practices around memory and archives in Lebanon has opposed the politics of amnesia sponsored by the Lebanese state through the Amnesty Law of 1991. Post-war artists, however, have addressed this official amnesia not by seeking to reconstruct the historical facts and recover the real documentation of the wars; instead, they have activated the memories of the wars by exploring the very destruction of these memories. These artists have produced and at the same time deconstructed archives by assembling fragmented, fabricated, para-fictional, and decontextualized collections of photographs, videos, and everyday materials. I describe these practices as ar(t)chive production (or archives-in-the-making). While the notion of archive is common in modern and contemporary art regarding trauma and memory, my hypothesis is that the archival works of these Lebanese artists are shaped by the new structural context of global war. Most European models of archive pursue a recovery of memory against the destruction in the total wars of the twentieth century, particularly exemplified by the artworks about the Holocaust. By contrast, the practices on the Lebanese Civil Wars engage in the logic of constructive destruction of what Carlo Galli has theorized as global war. Within this logic, violence is both destructive and productive. In this respect, instead of opposing the official amnesia by reviving the memories of the wars, the post-war Lebanese artists reflect on amnesia by showing the construction of the past by means of its own destruction.

Subjects/Keywords: Art history; Middle Eastern studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Danes, M. D. (2018). Ar(T)Chive Production in Post-war Lebanon. (Thesis). Indiana University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10840428

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Danes, Maria Domene. “Ar(T)Chive Production in Post-war Lebanon.” 2018. Thesis, Indiana University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10840428.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Danes, Maria Domene. “Ar(T)Chive Production in Post-war Lebanon.” 2018. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Danes MD. Ar(T)Chive Production in Post-war Lebanon. [Internet] [Thesis]. Indiana University; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10840428.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Danes MD. Ar(T)Chive Production in Post-war Lebanon. [Thesis]. Indiana University; 2018. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10840428

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Princeton University

22. Cohen, Elisabeth Helen. Formal structure in the lyric poetry of `Abd Allah Ibn al-Mu`tazz.

Degree: 2013, Princeton University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3545698

► This dissertation studies the lyric poetry of ‘Abd Allah Ibn al-Mu‘tazz, the ‘Abbasid poet, literary critic, and caliph of one day, with the aim… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Literature, Middle Eastern; Near Eastern Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cohen, E. H. (2013). Formal structure in the lyric poetry of `Abd Allah Ibn al-Mu`tazz. (Thesis). Princeton University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3545698

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cohen, Elisabeth Helen. “Formal structure in the lyric poetry of `Abd Allah Ibn al-Mu`tazz.” 2013. Thesis, Princeton University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3545698.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cohen, Elisabeth Helen. “Formal structure in the lyric poetry of `Abd Allah Ibn al-Mu`tazz.” 2013. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Cohen EH. Formal structure in the lyric poetry of `Abd Allah Ibn al-Mu`tazz. [Internet] [Thesis]. Princeton University; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3545698.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cohen EH. Formal structure in the lyric poetry of `Abd Allah Ibn al-Mu`tazz. [Thesis]. Princeton University; 2013. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3545698

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of South Carolina

23. Alaradi, Wafaa A. Religion, electoral rules and women's representation| A cross national examination.

Degree: 2013, University of South Carolina

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3548608

► While there is an increase in interest in gender and women studies through the lenses of comparative politics frameworks; i.e. political culture, structure and… (more)

▼ While there is an increase in interest in gender and women studies through the lenses of comparative politics frameworks; i.e. political culture, structure and economy; there are many controversies and gaps in explaining why women are underrepresented and/or varied in national parliaments. The study examines women's representation variation and deficit in national parliaments in 67 countries worldwide. Women's representation is explained through the lenses of both political culture (religion and sub-religious groups; region) and political structure (quota law; electoral systems; government type). The disaggregation of religion and sub-religious groups is one of the major contributions in explaining women's representation. The application of both legislative and party quota law also explains women's representation- especially among small legislature size in communitarian countries. The findings suggest that: among the cultural explanation: (1) Only Lutheran Christian countries are significantly different from Islamic and Buddhist countries. (2) Calvinist countries are not different from Islamic countries. (3) No significant different between Shiá and Sunni countries in the Islamic world as anticipated, but there is an interaction between those Islamic that are communitarian (Shia) and have quota law which tend to produce higher women's representation. Findings among the structural realm suggest that: (1) In quota rule countries, as the size of parliament increases and the longer quotas are in place, the percentage of women in parliament declines. This suggests that women are more isolated in larger sized parliaments and more integrated in smaller sized parliaments. (2) The conceptual interaction between the religious orientation of the country (Communitarian versus Individual organic) and the application of quota law suggest that women's representation is higher among communitarian countries with quotas. (3) The Catholic and Lutheran countries that use quotas have higher proportion of women in the legislature than do Sunni countries that uses quotas. (4) Lutheran countries with quotas have higher women's representation than Calvinist and Sunni countries with quotas. Those results confirm that both political culture and political structure approaches matter in explaining women's representation.

Subjects/Keywords: Women's Studies; Islamic Studies; Middle Eastern Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Alaradi, W. A. (2013). Religion, electoral rules and women's representation| A cross national examination. (Thesis). University of South Carolina. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3548608

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alaradi, Wafaa A. “Religion, electoral rules and women's representation| A cross national examination.” 2013. Thesis, University of South Carolina. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3548608.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alaradi, Wafaa A. “Religion, electoral rules and women's representation| A cross national examination.” 2013. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Alaradi WA. Religion, electoral rules and women's representation| A cross national examination. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of South Carolina; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3548608.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Alaradi WA. Religion, electoral rules and women's representation| A cross national examination. [Thesis]. University of South Carolina; 2013. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3548608

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

24. Allen, Sharon Loree. Narrative, authority and the voices of morality| An internextual journey of key themes in "The Thousand Nights and One Night" and Islamic Mirror for Princes.

Degree: 2011, Pacifica Graduate Institute

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3475542

► Whereas the study of the genre of early Arabic adab literature known as "Mirror for Princes" (Mirror) is usually limited to illuminating political ideas… (more)

▼ Whereas the study of the genre of early Arabic adab literature known as "Mirror for Princes" (Mirror) is usually limited to illuminating political ideas surrounding early leadership in Islamic societies, The Thousand Nights and One Night (Nights ), in comparison, is rarely considered as a source of wisdom or political insight. Adab literature is considered a "high" or "elite" discourse. The didactic narrative style of Mirror texts was typically meant to impart authority as well as instruct young princes on morality and right-rulership. At the same time, Mirror texts defined the ruling elite by separating them from the non-elite, or lower class. Conversely, Nights can be seen as its antithesis: low discourse for the peasants or non-elite. Interestingly, many maxims, aphorisms, and anecdotes used to reinforce morality, justice and exemplary behavior can be found in both. The polarity between these two discourses can be seen as symbolic of the extremes between the two social classes and genders they are meant to address. When ideas like moral integrity and principled conduct usually associated with high discourse are appropriated by low discourse, the boundaries between these distinct hierarchies shift and at times disappear, or become inverted. Through this inversion of discourse and rhetoric many layers of meaning are revealed. In its attempt to mirror the traditional aims of high discourse, the Nights allow power imbalances to shift. It is my aim in this study to compare select tales in the Nights with various Mirror works both in terms of their content as well as to uncover a dialogue between two distinct voices: high discourse and low discourse. By applying an intertextual methodology to both Mirror and Nights texts, certain features will illuminate not only their polarity, but also their mutuality. In an intertextual analysis, a web will be woven between the two discourses that reflects polarities of class, gender and rhetoric. The plurality of message and messenger uncover a symbolic narrative that transcends imposed hierarchies. From this transcendence a distinct discourse is revealed that is neither high nor low; but, often inclusive of class, rhetoric and gender.

Subjects/Keywords: Literature, Middle Eastern; Folklore; Women's Studies; Middle Eastern Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Allen, S. L. (2011). Narrative, authority and the voices of morality| An internextual journey of key themes in "The Thousand Nights and One Night" and Islamic Mirror for Princes. (Thesis). Pacifica Graduate Institute. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3475542

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Allen, Sharon Loree. “Narrative, authority and the voices of morality| An internextual journey of key themes in "The Thousand Nights and One Night" and Islamic Mirror for Princes.” 2011. Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3475542.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Allen, Sharon Loree. “Narrative, authority and the voices of morality| An internextual journey of key themes in "The Thousand Nights and One Night" and Islamic Mirror for Princes.” 2011. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Allen SL. Narrative, authority and the voices of morality| An internextual journey of key themes in "The Thousand Nights and One Night" and Islamic Mirror for Princes. [Internet] [Thesis]. Pacifica Graduate Institute; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3475542.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Allen SL. Narrative, authority and the voices of morality| An internextual journey of key themes in "The Thousand Nights and One Night" and Islamic Mirror for Princes. [Thesis]. Pacifica Graduate Institute; 2011. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3475542

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

25. Roberts, Nicholas E. Rethinking the status quo| The British and Islam in Palestine, 1917 – 1929.

Degree: 2010, New York University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3396714

► This dissertation examines the British approach to institutional Islam in mandatory Palestine from 1917 to 1929. By looking at the establishment of Islamic institutions… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: History, Middle Eastern; Islamic Studies; Middle Eastern Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Roberts, N. E. (2010). Rethinking the status quo| The British and Islam in Palestine, 1917 – 1929. (Thesis). New York University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3396714

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Roberts, Nicholas E. “Rethinking the status quo| The British and Islam in Palestine, 1917 – 1929.” 2010. Thesis, New York University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3396714.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Roberts, Nicholas E. “Rethinking the status quo| The British and Islam in Palestine, 1917 – 1929.” 2010. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Roberts NE. Rethinking the status quo| The British and Islam in Palestine, 1917 – 1929. [Internet] [Thesis]. New York University; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3396714.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Roberts NE. Rethinking the status quo| The British and Islam in Palestine, 1917 – 1929. [Thesis]. New York University; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3396714

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

26. Mahfar, Helen. The homeless mutes| The psychological exile of Persian expatriate women under the patriarchy.

Degree: 2015, Pacifica Graduate Institute

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3701302

► The purpose of this phenomenological study is to investigate how expatriate Persian women, living in the United States, experience the damaging influence of traditional… (more)

▼ The purpose of this phenomenological study is to investigate how expatriate Persian women, living in the United States, experience the damaging influence of traditional patriarchy. The resulting alienation from the self and this alienation’s attendant psychological symptoms have been investigated under the conceptual heading of psychological exile, which has been treated by many preeminent schools in the psychotherapeutic tradition. The contemporary dynamic of exile has been set within a historical context, in which the rise of monotheism led to the destruction of matriarchal power structures. In order to focus on how psychological exile is experienced by Persian women in diaspora, a phenomenological method was adopted: Persian women from three different age groups were interviewed, and their interviews were revised through a collaborative process between the interviewer and participants. The psychological essence of these related experiences was then distilled through the Giorgi method of interview data analysis (Giorgi & Giorgi, 2003), combined with Robert Romanyshyn’s method of Portrait Analysis (Romanyshyn, personal communications, 2010, 2011). From each of the three groups, emergent common themes were extracted and compared. The patriarchal system has favored males and devalued females for centuries; each generation transmits its conceptual framework and cultural practices to the next generation, a process in which women are themselves complicit. This patriarchal system has not just limited the role of women in society, but has also actively damaged them by marring their identities, compromising their feminine natures, hiding them behind the veil of abroo, and robbing them of their natural language. These wounds manifest themselves through sexual repression, depression, and various other psychological symptoms. The elucidation of how these women experience hierarchy’s damaging effects will have many implications for therapists treating Persians. This research project was undertaken with the goal of providing a roadmap for therapists treating Persian clients.

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern history; Womens studies; Middle Eastern studies; Clinical psychology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mahfar, H. (2015). The homeless mutes| The psychological exile of Persian expatriate women under the patriarchy. (Thesis). Pacifica Graduate Institute. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3701302

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mahfar, Helen. “The homeless mutes| The psychological exile of Persian expatriate women under the patriarchy.” 2015. Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3701302.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mahfar, Helen. “The homeless mutes| The psychological exile of Persian expatriate women under the patriarchy.” 2015. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Mahfar H. The homeless mutes| The psychological exile of Persian expatriate women under the patriarchy. [Internet] [Thesis]. Pacifica Graduate Institute; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3701302.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mahfar H. The homeless mutes| The psychological exile of Persian expatriate women under the patriarchy. [Thesis]. Pacifica Graduate Institute; 2015. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3701302

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Arizona State University

27. Jazzar, Ream. The Egyptian Women's Movement: Identity Politics and the Process of Liberation in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries.

Degree: MA, History, 2011, Arizona State University

URL: http://repository.asu.edu/items/14286

► This thesis examines the advent of the Egyptian women's movement from the late nineteenth century until the middle of the twentieth century. Continuous negotiations for… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Eastern history; Women's studies; Middle Eastern studies

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Jazzar, R. (2011). The Egyptian Women's Movement: Identity Politics and the Process of Liberation in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. (Masters Thesis). Arizona State University. Retrieved from http://repository.asu.edu/items/14286

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jazzar, Ream. “The Egyptian Women's Movement: Identity Politics and the Process of Liberation in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Arizona State University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://repository.asu.edu/items/14286.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jazzar, Ream. “The Egyptian Women's Movement: Identity Politics and the Process of Liberation in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries.” 2011. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Jazzar R. The Egyptian Women's Movement: Identity Politics and the Process of Liberation in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Arizona State University; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://repository.asu.edu/items/14286.

Council of Science Editors:

Jazzar R. The Egyptian Women's Movement: Identity Politics and the Process of Liberation in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. [Masters Thesis]. Arizona State University; 2011. Available from: http://repository.asu.edu/items/14286

University of California, Santa Cruz

28. Mohamadi, Omid. Modernity, secularism, and the political in Iran.

Degree: 2017, University of California, Santa Cruz

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10244526

► In the last decade, theorists in anthropology and other disciplines have vigorously critiqued commonplace distinctions between secularism and religion. Highlighting how secularism is a… (more)

▼ In the last decade, theorists in anthropology and other disciplines have vigorously critiqued commonplace distinctions between secularism and religion. Highlighting how secularism is a form of Western epistemology, such theorists have argued this distinction is deeply problematic because it obscures secularism’s historical, political, and cultural particularity. My dissertation argues Iran is well situated to engage in this debate because its political terrain brings into relief how discussions of secularity and religiosity often fall back on an irresolvable dichotomy wherein secularism is defended without qualification or religious authoritarianism is ignored altogether. In an effort to move out of this impasse, my dissertation critiques the presumed neutrality of secularism without defending a thoroughly undemocratic Islamic Republic. Through an examination of three sites within Iranian politics since 1979, I show how alternatives to both secularism and undemocratic forms of Islam are already present in Iran. The first site that I explore is the contemporary Iranian women’s movement, specifically the One Million Signatures Campaign, which seeks full gender equality within the laws of the Islamic Republic. I argue that the internal logic of rights and a specific set of socio-political conditions that arose out of the revolution in 1979 made the newly fostered cooperation between Islamic and secular feminists within this campaign possible. Utilizing critiques of rights by poststructuralist and postcolonial feminists, I arrive at a critical endorsement of women’s rights in Iran that calls for nurturing more radical political imaginaries by not treating rights jurisprudence as the apex of social justice struggles. My second site focuses on the politics of time and its role in the 2009 post-election uprising as a further example of the porous boundary between secularism and religion in Iran. After surveying the history of Iran’s three dominant calendars and the forty-day mourning cycle of Shi’ite Islam in the last century, I argue the Islamic Republic is founded on temporal simultaneity, a non-secular organization of time wherein past, present, and future are enfolded into one dynamic moment. I conclude that during the 2009 uprising, protesters initiated a crisis of legitimacy for the regime by reconfiguring temporal markers that comprise this symbolic foundation of the contemporary Iranian state. My final site is the visual culture in the Islamic Republic as well as Western understandings and depictions of it. I argue such analyses of artistic production in Iran by Western observers rely on a particular understanding of the state, religion, and art as discrete categories wholly separate from one another. This argument is twofold, the first part of which is a historical survey that shows how the relationship between art and the state in Iran over the last sixty years has been co-constitutive. On the basis of this history, I then explore…

Subjects/Keywords: Women's studies; Middle Eastern studies; Political science

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mohamadi, O. (2017). Modernity, secularism, and the political in Iran. (Thesis). University of California, Santa Cruz. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10244526

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mohamadi, Omid. “Modernity, secularism, and the political in Iran.” 2017. Thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10244526.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mohamadi, Omid. “Modernity, secularism, and the political in Iran.” 2017. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Mohamadi O. Modernity, secularism, and the political in Iran. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California, Santa Cruz; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10244526.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mohamadi O. Modernity, secularism, and the political in Iran. [Thesis]. University of California, Santa Cruz; 2017. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10244526

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

29. Mrayan, Suhair A. Female refugees' resilience and coping mechanisms at the Za'atari Camp- Jordan.

Degree: 2017, Arkansas State University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10240845

► This study explored female refugees’ perceptions and life experiences at the Za’atari Camp in Jordan. While the study explored challenges and difficulties refugee women… (more)

▼ This study explored female refugees’ perceptions and life experiences at the Za’atari Camp in Jordan. While the study explored challenges and difficulties refugee women have endured while living in the camp, emphasis was placed on how they faced these challenges, coping mechanisms used for overcoming and enduring such circumstances, and what new life roles they had to assume. Utilizing Schweitzer, Greenslade, and Kagee’s (2007) model, this study explored, through qualitative phenomenological methods, the tenacity, resilience, and strength that empowered refugee women throughout their experiences in the camp. In-depth interviews were the main method of data collection. Forty-three face-to-face interviews were conducted on camp premises during the summer of 2015. The data was analyzed according to the Interpretive Phenomenological Analytic (IPA) guidelines. The findings of this study revealed the female refugees of the Za’atari Camp were not passive in dealing with their adversities. They showed resilience, tenacity, and resourcefulness when coping with life in the settlement. Their resilience is seen through their determination to provide for their families and normalize their lives inside the camp. Additionally, female refugees employed different coping mechanisms for maintaining their psychological well-being such as religiosity, seeking social support and networking, and self-empowerment. The findings also indicated children’s education in the camp continues to be an area of concern for a majority of refugees despite their understanding of the importance of education for their children’s survival. Due to the widespread notion the camp’s education was not accredited in Syria, and their beliefs of the temporariness of their encampment, children were left to their own accord in deciding whether to attend school or not. The results of this study challenged the “Dependency Syndrome” myth which postulate refugees tend to become dependent on humanitarian aid and unable to fend for themselves. On the contrary, many become strong, independent and assertive. In the end, they came to see themselves differently which brought a new level of understanding of themselves and their abilities.

Subjects/Keywords: Educational leadership; Women's studies; Middle Eastern studies

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mrayan, S. A. (2017). Female refugees' resilience and coping mechanisms at the Za'atari Camp- Jordan. (Thesis). Arkansas State University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10240845

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mrayan, Suhair A. “Female refugees' resilience and coping mechanisms at the Za'atari Camp- Jordan.” 2017. Thesis, Arkansas State University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10240845.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mrayan, Suhair A. “Female refugees' resilience and coping mechanisms at the Za'atari Camp- Jordan.” 2017. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Mrayan SA. Female refugees' resilience and coping mechanisms at the Za'atari Camp- Jordan. [Internet] [Thesis]. Arkansas State University; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10240845.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mrayan SA. Female refugees' resilience and coping mechanisms at the Za'atari Camp- Jordan. [Thesis]. Arkansas State University; 2017. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10240845

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Temple University

30. Ahmad, Nadiah N. Gaza| A case study of urban destruction through military involvement.

Degree: 2011, Temple University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1494435

► Nicholas Adams (1993) suggests that the destruction of the built environment and architecture of a city during war is an effective way of demoralizing… (more)

▼ Nicholas Adams (1993) suggests that the destruction of the built environment and architecture of a city during war is an effective way of demoralizing and even eradicating the enemy. Goonewardena and Kipfer (2007) suggest that the built environment helps establish not only the common shared spaces in which individuals live their lives, but a sense of place and community identity. When buildings and public spaces are anthropomorphized, their destruction affects every aspect of a community. Urbicide as a tactic of urban warfare has changed the look and feel of many places such as the Balkans, Germany in World War II, and The Gaza Strip. The many faces of war have changed the landscape and homogeneity of the areas affected. Long-term, continual bombardment, precision attacks, and incursions by armies have in many cases all but destroyed the pre-existing physical environment. In its stead, is created a non-permanent built environment on the verge of destruction or change by non-civil forces. This investigation uses The Gaza Strip as a case study and looks into the impermanence of the built environment. The continual violence of change has greatly affected the resident Palestinian population. I will also examine how the temporary nature of the built environment and constant threats of change and destruction have affected everyday spaces. Although the population understands the potentially transitory nature of the structures, this does not deter them from rebuilding, when materials are available. Using data obtained from different nongovernmental organisations and aid agencies, this paper examines how repeated bombardment, precision attacks, and incursions reconfigure space, buildings and the functionality of the built environment in The Gaza Strip. Changes in the form and functionality are conceptualized as continuous processes that produce constant rounds of rebuilding. The shape and composition of the built environment is evaluated after specific bombardments, attacks and incursions in order to assess the extent and form of rebuilding. The results show that each round of destruction is followed by differing degrees of reconstruction that again restructure the look of the built environment.

Subjects/Keywords: Geography; Middle Eastern Studies; Military Studies

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ahmad, N. N. (2011). Gaza| A case study of urban destruction through military involvement. (Thesis). Temple University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1494435

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ahmad, Nadiah N. “Gaza| A case study of urban destruction through military involvement.” 2011. Thesis, Temple University. Accessed December 14, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1494435.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ahmad, Nadiah N. “Gaza| A case study of urban destruction through military involvement.” 2011. Web. 14 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Ahmad NN. Gaza| A case study of urban destruction through military involvement. [Internet] [Thesis]. Temple University; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 14]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1494435.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ahmad NN. Gaza| A case study of urban destruction through military involvement. [Thesis]. Temple University; 2011. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1494435

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Open Access Theses and Dissertations