subject:(Middle Ages)

1. Lescault, Meghan Catherine. Philosophus satagit, ut mens respondeat ori: John of Salisbury’s Practical Application of Pedagogy in the Entheticus maior.

Degree: Department of Classics, 2018, Brown University

URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792754/

► John of Salisbury (c. 1115/1120-1180) is known for his treatises in which he conveyed his ideas about education, society, virtue, and several other topics to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Ages

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lescault, M. C. (2018). Philosophus satagit, ut mens respondeat ori: John of Salisbury’s Practical Application of Pedagogy in the Entheticus maior. (Thesis). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792754/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lescault, Meghan Catherine. “Philosophus satagit, ut mens respondeat ori: John of Salisbury’s Practical Application of Pedagogy in the Entheticus maior.” 2018. Thesis, Brown University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792754/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lescault, Meghan Catherine. “Philosophus satagit, ut mens respondeat ori: John of Salisbury’s Practical Application of Pedagogy in the Entheticus maior.” 2018. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lescault MC. Philosophus satagit, ut mens respondeat ori: John of Salisbury’s Practical Application of Pedagogy in the Entheticus maior. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brown University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792754/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lescault MC. Philosophus satagit, ut mens respondeat ori: John of Salisbury’s Practical Application of Pedagogy in the Entheticus maior. [Thesis]. Brown University; 2018. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792754/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Debrecen

2. Pupp, Anna. Hungarian Knights in Saint Patrick's Purgatory .

Degree: DE – TEK – Bölcsészettudományi Kar, 2013, University of Debrecen

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2437/174236

► A dolgozat fő témája két Magyar lovag, Krizsafán fia György és Tari Lőrinc zarándoklata az írországi Szent Patrick Purgetóriumába. A dolgozat vizsgálja az ír katolikus… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Middle ages

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pupp, A. (2013). Hungarian Knights in Saint Patrick's Purgatory . (Thesis). University of Debrecen. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2437/174236

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pupp, Anna. “Hungarian Knights in Saint Patrick's Purgatory .” 2013. Thesis, University of Debrecen. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2437/174236.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pupp, Anna. “Hungarian Knights in Saint Patrick's Purgatory .” 2013. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Pupp A. Hungarian Knights in Saint Patrick's Purgatory . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Debrecen; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2437/174236.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pupp A. Hungarian Knights in Saint Patrick's Purgatory . [Thesis]. University of Debrecen; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2437/174236

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Leiden University

3. Muzzigoni, Tomaso. Disneyfying the Middle Ages: The Medieval Period in Contemporary Museum Exhibitions.

Degree: 2015, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/46371

► Current museum exhibitions seem to be increasingly affected by the influence of mass media and their representation of the past. In particular as regards the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: disney; middle; ages

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APA (6^th Edition):

Muzzigoni, T. (2015). Disneyfying the Middle Ages: The Medieval Period in Contemporary Museum Exhibitions. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/46371

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Muzzigoni, Tomaso. “Disneyfying the Middle Ages: The Medieval Period in Contemporary Museum Exhibitions.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/46371.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Muzzigoni, Tomaso. “Disneyfying the Middle Ages: The Medieval Period in Contemporary Museum Exhibitions.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Muzzigoni T. Disneyfying the Middle Ages: The Medieval Period in Contemporary Museum Exhibitions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/46371.

Council of Science Editors:

Muzzigoni T. Disneyfying the Middle Ages: The Medieval Period in Contemporary Museum Exhibitions. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/46371

Penn State University

4. Mcmillan, Samuel Fell. Medieval Authorship at Reason's End: The Roman de la Rose's Legacy of Misrule.

Degree: 2016, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/rr171x20k

► This dissertation examines the authorial consequences of reason’s banishment. It addresses how medieval poets imagine their occupation when the faculty of mean, mediation, and measure… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Ages; Authorship; Poetics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mcmillan, S. F. (2016). Medieval Authorship at Reason's End: The Roman de la Rose's Legacy of Misrule. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/rr171x20k

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mcmillan, Samuel Fell. “Medieval Authorship at Reason's End: The Roman de la Rose's Legacy of Misrule.” 2016. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/rr171x20k.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mcmillan, Samuel Fell. “Medieval Authorship at Reason's End: The Roman de la Rose's Legacy of Misrule.” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Mcmillan SF. Medieval Authorship at Reason's End: The Roman de la Rose's Legacy of Misrule. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/rr171x20k.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mcmillan SF. Medieval Authorship at Reason's End: The Roman de la Rose's Legacy of Misrule. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2016. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/rr171x20k

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

5. Genç, Özlem. Pactus Legis Salicae Işığında Erken Orta Çağ`da Franklar: The Franks in the Early Middle Ages in the Light of Pactus Legis Salicae.

Degree: Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi, 2019, University of Ankara

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12575/69839

► Batı Roma İmparatorluğu`nun yıkılışından sonra Avrupa`da ortaya çıkan en güçlü halk Franklardır. Başlangıçta dağınık halde yaşayan Franklar, Clovis liderliğinde tek çatı altında toplanmışlar ve güçlü… (more)

▼ Batı Roma İmparatorluğu`nun yıkılışından sonra Avrupa`da ortaya çıkan en güçlü halk Franklardır. Başlangıçta dağınık halde yaşayan Franklar, Clovis liderliğinde tek çatı altında toplanmışlar ve güçlü bir devlet kurmuşlardır. Orta Çağ Avrupa`sına her anlamda etki eden Frankların kralı Clovis, topraklarını genişletmiş, Hristiyanlık`ı kabul etmiş ve papalıkla iyi ilişkiler kurmuştur. Pek çok bilim insanına göre faaliyetlerinin en önemlilerinden biri de, atalarından gelen sözlü yasaların yazıya geçirilmesini emretmesidir. Tarihi ve kimler tarafından yazıya geçirildiği kesin olarak bilinmeyen Pactus Legis Salicae adındaki bu yasa derlemesi, daha sonra pek çok ekleme ve çıkarmalarla güncellenmekle birlikte, özelde Frankların genelde Erken Orta Çağ Cermen halklarının VI. yüzyıldaki hayatına ışık tutmaktadır. Verdiği maddeler sayesinde hırsızlıklar, adam kaçırma ve yaralamalar, cinayetler, kölelerin durumu, hayvanlara verilen önem gibi pek çok konuda bilgi edinmek mümkündür. Erken Orta Çağ gibi yazılı belgenin son derece az olduğu bir dönemle ilgili olması önemini daha da artırmakta, Avrupa yazılı hukukunun temelini oluşturmaktadır. The most powerful people that emerged in Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire were the Franks. Initially living in a dispersed manner, the Franks gathered as a single community under the leadership of Clovis and founded a powerful state. Clovis, the king of the Franks, who influenced Medieval Europe in every sense, expanded his territory, accepted Christianity and established good relations with the pope. One of the most important of his activities, according to many scientists, is that he ordered oral laws from their ancestors to be put in writing. This law collection called Pactus Legis Salicae, of which history and by whom it was written is unknown, had been updated with many additions and omissions, but in particular, it sheds light on the Franks particularly and the Early Medieval Teuton people in the 6th century. The articles of this collection allow for having information about many matters such as theft, kidnapping and wounding, murders, the status of slaves and the importance given to animals. The fact that it is related to a period like the Early Middle Ages in which there are very few written documents increases its importance, and the collection itself forms the basis of European written law. Advisors/Committee Members: Aşkit, Çağatay (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: History; Franklar; Franks; Middle Ages

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APA (6^th Edition):

Genç, �. (2019). Pactus Legis Salicae Işığında Erken Orta Çağ`da Franklar: The Franks in the Early Middle Ages in the Light of Pactus Legis Salicae. (Masters Thesis). University of Ankara. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12575/69839

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Genç, Özlem. “Pactus Legis Salicae Işığında Erken Orta Çağ`da Franklar: The Franks in the Early Middle Ages in the Light of Pactus Legis Salicae.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Ankara. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12575/69839.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Genç, Özlem. “Pactus Legis Salicae Işığında Erken Orta Çağ`da Franklar: The Franks in the Early Middle Ages in the Light of Pactus Legis Salicae.” 2019. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Genç �. Pactus Legis Salicae Işığında Erken Orta Çağ`da Franklar: The Franks in the Early Middle Ages in the Light of Pactus Legis Salicae. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Ankara; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12575/69839.

Council of Science Editors:

Genç �. Pactus Legis Salicae Işığında Erken Orta Çağ`da Franklar: The Franks in the Early Middle Ages in the Light of Pactus Legis Salicae. [Masters Thesis]. University of Ankara; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12575/69839

Florida State University

6. Carter, Deirdre Anne. Art, History, and the Creation of Monastic Identity at Late Medieval St. Albans Abbey.

Degree: PhD, Art History, 2017, Florida State University

URL: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_FALL2017_Carter_fsu_0071E_14200 ;

►

Although later medieval St. Albans Abbey has long been renowned as a preeminent center for the writing of historical chronicles, previous studies have not acknowledged… (more)

▼

Although later medieval St. Albans Abbey has long been renowned as a preeminent center for the writing of historical chronicles, previous studies have not acknowledged that the monastic community also had a sustained tradition of visually representing the house’s institutional history. This dissertation demonstrates that between the late eleventh and early sixteenth centuries, the monks of St. Albans depicted and evoked their abbey’s past in a large and diverse collection of artworks, ranging from illuminated manuscripts and pilgrim badges to monumental paintings and architecture. Monastic historical imagery was rarely produced during the Middle Ages, but the images and objects from St. Albans present a remarkably rich and complete account of the abbey’s history from the time of its illustrious origins through the eve of its dissolution. Using an interdisciplinary approach to contextualize these artworks within the monastery’s history and traditions, this study argues that the visual historiography of St. Albans served as a potent vehicle for the expression and self-fashioning of the abbey’s corporate identity and historical memory. As will be demonstrated, this vast corpus of imagery focuses on three fundamental elements of the monastery’s past: Saint Alban and his early cult, the eighth-century foundation of the monastery by King Offa of Mercia, and the house’s post-foundation history. Through these artworks, many of which have not previously received the attention of art historians, the monks of St. Albans documented, celebrated, and occasionally manipulated their abbey’s long and distinguished history, thereby providing a compelling justification for its continued prosperity and prestige.

A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Art History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

Fall Semester 2017.

November 9, 2017.

historiography, identity, medieval art, monasticism, St. Albans

Richard K. Emmerson, Professor Co-Directing Dissertation; Lynn Jones, Professor Co-Directing Dissertation; David F. Johnson, University Representative; Kyle Killian, Committee Member; Stephanie Leitch, Committee Member.

Advisors/Committee Members: Richard Kenneth Emmerson (professor co-directing dissertation), Lynn Jones (professor co-directing dissertation), David F. (David Frame) Johnson (university representative), Kyle L. Killian (committee member), Stephanie Leitch (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Art; History; Middle Ages

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APA (6^th Edition):

Carter, D. A. (2017). Art, History, and the Creation of Monastic Identity at Late Medieval St. Albans Abbey. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida State University. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_FALL2017_Carter_fsu_0071E_14200 ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Carter, Deirdre Anne. “Art, History, and the Creation of Monastic Identity at Late Medieval St. Albans Abbey.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida State University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_FALL2017_Carter_fsu_0071E_14200 ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Carter, Deirdre Anne. “Art, History, and the Creation of Monastic Identity at Late Medieval St. Albans Abbey.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Carter DA. Art, History, and the Creation of Monastic Identity at Late Medieval St. Albans Abbey. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_FALL2017_Carter_fsu_0071E_14200 ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Carter DA. Art, History, and the Creation of Monastic Identity at Late Medieval St. Albans Abbey. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida State University; 2017. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_FALL2017_Carter_fsu_0071E_14200 ;

Florida State University

7. Wallace, Ashley Nicole. Jeopardized Virginity an Analysis of Rape and Spiritual Virginity in Medieval Europe.

Degree: MA, Religion, 2015, Florida State University

URL: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-9518 ;

►

This thesis addresses whether or not, according to theologians, virgins could maintain their virginity even after instances of physical loss, such as rape. I will… (more)

▼

This thesis addresses whether or not, according to theologians, virgins could maintain their virginity even after instances of physical loss, such as rape. I will use post-structuralism as the method. This thesis will use a socio-cultural analysis by viewing virginity's relationship with the norms of society. It will examine virginity and its place within texts and the Christian tradition. Most importantly, it will view how virginity has changed over time, and from one thinker to the next in response to the tension between the body and spirit. Beginning with Augustine, and into the medieval era, there are theological ideas that allow for virginity to remain even after physical losses like rape. This was not true for most thinkers before Augustine. Physical virginity was rendered absolute in order to claim virginity. The goal is to assess raped virginity's place within medieval society. Virginity offered an escape to women who did not wish to marry and bear children, and also offered the highest honor of heavenly reward alongside martyrdom. However, maintaining physical virginity could not always be guaranteed. Rape was a threat to many Holy Virgins in medieval Europe, especially in times of violence. This paper will assess how women of the convents were able to maintain their virginity even when threatened with violation. The change in the theology of virginity provided a way for these virgins to challenge rape. Spiritual virginity, which was in constant tension with bodily virginity, was an idea developed in response to rape, allowing a woman's access to virginity regardless of physical intactness.

A Thesis submitted to the Department of Religion in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts.

Summer Semester 2015.

July 15, 2015.

Medieval, Monasticism, Rape, Violence, Virginity

François Dupuigrenet, Professor Directing Thesis; Kathleen Erndl, Committee Member; Nicole Kelley, Committee Member.

Advisors/Committee Members: François Dupuigrenet Desroussilles (professor directing thesis), Kathleen M. Erndl (committee member), Nicole Kelley (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Religion; Middle Ages; Women's studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wallace, A. N. (2015). Jeopardized Virginity an Analysis of Rape and Spiritual Virginity in Medieval Europe. (Masters Thesis). Florida State University. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-9518 ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wallace, Ashley Nicole. “Jeopardized Virginity an Analysis of Rape and Spiritual Virginity in Medieval Europe.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Florida State University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-9518 ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wallace, Ashley Nicole. “Jeopardized Virginity an Analysis of Rape and Spiritual Virginity in Medieval Europe.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Wallace AN. Jeopardized Virginity an Analysis of Rape and Spiritual Virginity in Medieval Europe. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Florida State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-9518 ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Wallace AN. Jeopardized Virginity an Analysis of Rape and Spiritual Virginity in Medieval Europe. [Masters Thesis]. Florida State University; 2015. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-9518 ;

Florida State University

8. Fee, Carey E. (Carey Elizabeth). Per Sanctum Vultum De Luca! Il Volto Santo and Its Relic Cult during the Late Eleventh Through Thirteenth Centuries.

Degree: PhD, Art History, 2015, Florida State University

URL: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_2015fall_Fee_fsu_0071E_12870 ;

►

Contemporary pilgrimage activities associated with the Volto Santo may be traced to the origins of the cult, which, as I argue in this dissertation, was… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Art; History; Middle Ages; History

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fee, C. E. (. E. (2015). Per Sanctum Vultum De Luca! Il Volto Santo and Its Relic Cult during the Late Eleventh Through Thirteenth Centuries. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida State University. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_2015fall_Fee_fsu_0071E_12870 ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fee, Carey E (Carey Elizabeth). “Per Sanctum Vultum De Luca! Il Volto Santo and Its Relic Cult during the Late Eleventh Through Thirteenth Centuries.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida State University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_2015fall_Fee_fsu_0071E_12870 ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fee, Carey E (Carey Elizabeth). “Per Sanctum Vultum De Luca! Il Volto Santo and Its Relic Cult during the Late Eleventh Through Thirteenth Centuries.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Fee CE(E. Per Sanctum Vultum De Luca! Il Volto Santo and Its Relic Cult during the Late Eleventh Through Thirteenth Centuries. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_2015fall_Fee_fsu_0071E_12870 ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Fee CE(E. Per Sanctum Vultum De Luca! Il Volto Santo and Its Relic Cult during the Late Eleventh Through Thirteenth Centuries. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida State University; 2015. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_2015fall_Fee_fsu_0071E_12870 ;

Columbia University

9. Hino, Takuya. Creating Heresy: (Mis)representation, Fabrication, and the Tachikawa-ryu.

Degree: 2012, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8Z03G30

► In this dissertation I provide a detailed analysis of the role played by the Tachikawa-ryu in the development of Japanese esoteric Buddhist doctrine during the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Religion; Asians; History; Middle Ages

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hino, T. (2012). Creating Heresy: (Mis)representation, Fabrication, and the Tachikawa-ryu. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8Z03G30

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hino, Takuya. “Creating Heresy: (Mis)representation, Fabrication, and the Tachikawa-ryu.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8Z03G30.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hino, Takuya. “Creating Heresy: (Mis)representation, Fabrication, and the Tachikawa-ryu.” 2012. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hino T. Creating Heresy: (Mis)representation, Fabrication, and the Tachikawa-ryu. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8Z03G30.

Council of Science Editors:

Hino T. Creating Heresy: (Mis)representation, Fabrication, and the Tachikawa-ryu. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8Z03G30

Columbia University

10. Miller, Jeffrey Alexander. The Building Program of Archbishop Walter de Gray: Architectural Production and Reform in the Archdiocese of York, 1215-1255.

Degree: 2012, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D82N58BW

► Walter de Gray became archbishop of York in 1215 while attending the Fourth Lateran Council in Rome. King John of England recommended Walter for the… (more)

▼ Walter de Gray became archbishop of York in 1215 while attending the Fourth Lateran Council in Rome. King John of England recommended Walter for the role, and the new archbishop ruled for the next four decades with the skills of a well-connected royal administrator and a commitment to reforming his churches according to the principles advanced by the general council. Over the next four decades the archbishop reorganized and revitalized a province that had lost much of its stature through neglect and mismanagement by his predecessor. Architectural patronage played a central role in Gray's reform program, and it created four well-known Gothic edifices at the metropolitan church of York and at its dependent satellites, or minsters, Beverley, Ripon, and Southwell. Each construction project was supported by an indulgence from the archbishop and happened alongside important constitutional changes at each church. York Cathedral received a new transept as Gray campaigned for the canonization of a former archbishop and restructured the chapter and its offices. He rebuilt the damaged choir of Beverley Minster as a shrine to its bishop-founder St John while packing its prestigious chapter with trusted lieutenants. He completed Ripon Minster with a two-towered faà§ade after promoting its legendary saint Wilfrid and creating a rich new stall for the chapter. Gray also may have been instrumental in choosing the design for the new east end of Southwell Minster, where he provided new statutes and stipends for the resident canons. The institutional relationships and the programmatic significance of these monuments have not been considered previously, and the four studies here show that reform and rebuilding worked together successfully to raise the profile of York and its minsters. During the building campaigns Gray created new prebends and augmented benefices in order to recruit talented clergy, and he and his allies laid down new statutes to foster the professional ecclesiastic standards and education favored by the Lateran Council. New architectural settings encouraged veneration of local saints, and their stories as pious past prelates of York bolstered the reputation of Gray and his office. New chapels allowed for the founding of chantries, often endowed by the archbishop's handpicked churchmen, and these paid for extra masses and the elaborate liturgical schedules expected of important churches in thirteenth-century England. The story of Walter de Gray and his building program gives scholarly attention to a leading figure in English medieval history, and it provides a new historical structure for understanding several important Gothic churches that rarely find a place in the architectural history of the Middle Ages. Moreover, these four monuments serve as a test case by which to evaluate scholarly approaches to English Gothic architecture of the twelfth and thirteenth century that have attempted to go beyond stylistic analysis, particularly Peter Brieger's idea of an episcopal style.

Subjects/Keywords: Art; Architecture; Middle Ages; History

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APA (6^th Edition):

Miller, J. A. (2012). The Building Program of Archbishop Walter de Gray: Architectural Production and Reform in the Archdiocese of York, 1215-1255. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D82N58BW

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Miller, Jeffrey Alexander. “The Building Program of Archbishop Walter de Gray: Architectural Production and Reform in the Archdiocese of York, 1215-1255.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D82N58BW.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Miller, Jeffrey Alexander. “The Building Program of Archbishop Walter de Gray: Architectural Production and Reform in the Archdiocese of York, 1215-1255.” 2012. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Miller JA. The Building Program of Archbishop Walter de Gray: Architectural Production and Reform in the Archdiocese of York, 1215-1255. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D82N58BW.

Council of Science Editors:

Miller JA. The Building Program of Archbishop Walter de Gray: Architectural Production and Reform in the Archdiocese of York, 1215-1255. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D82N58BW

Columbia University

11. Fluke, Meredith Ellen. Building Across the Sacred Landscape: The Romanesque Churches of Verona in their Urban Context.

Degree: 2012, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8M61SB2

► This project explores the intersection of art, religion, and community within the historical context of the Middle Ages, where architecture acts as an expression of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Art; Middle Ages; History

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fluke, M. E. (2012). Building Across the Sacred Landscape: The Romanesque Churches of Verona in their Urban Context. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8M61SB2

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fluke, Meredith Ellen. “Building Across the Sacred Landscape: The Romanesque Churches of Verona in their Urban Context.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8M61SB2.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fluke, Meredith Ellen. “Building Across the Sacred Landscape: The Romanesque Churches of Verona in their Urban Context.” 2012. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Fluke ME. Building Across the Sacred Landscape: The Romanesque Churches of Verona in their Urban Context. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8M61SB2.

Council of Science Editors:

Fluke ME. Building Across the Sacred Landscape: The Romanesque Churches of Verona in their Urban Context. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8M61SB2

Columbia University

12. Boivin, Katherine Morris. Holy Blood, Holy Cross: Architecture and Devotion in the Parochial Complex of Rothenburg ob der Tauber.

Degree: 2013, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8JH3KJH

► This dissertation explores the spatiality of the parochial complex in Rothenburg ob der Tauber and the dynamic interrelation of architecture, figural art, and devotional practice.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Art; Architecture; Middle Ages; History

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APA (6^th Edition):

Boivin, K. M. (2013). Holy Blood, Holy Cross: Architecture and Devotion in the Parochial Complex of Rothenburg ob der Tauber. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8JH3KJH

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Boivin, Katherine Morris. “Holy Blood, Holy Cross: Architecture and Devotion in the Parochial Complex of Rothenburg ob der Tauber.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8JH3KJH.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Boivin, Katherine Morris. “Holy Blood, Holy Cross: Architecture and Devotion in the Parochial Complex of Rothenburg ob der Tauber.” 2013. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Boivin KM. Holy Blood, Holy Cross: Architecture and Devotion in the Parochial Complex of Rothenburg ob der Tauber. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8JH3KJH.

Council of Science Editors:

Boivin KM. Holy Blood, Holy Cross: Architecture and Devotion in the Parochial Complex of Rothenburg ob der Tauber. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2013. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8JH3KJH

University of Oxford

13. Hennings, Lucy. The language of kingship under Henry III : civilian, canonical, and dictaminal ideas in practice, c.1230-c.1252.

Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Oxford

URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b7c82431-5631-468d-a632-4803179abff3 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770359

► This thesis is a study in how the political culture of the reign of Henry III was conditioned by its engagement with wider continental ideological… (more)

▼ This thesis is a study in how the political culture of the reign of Henry III was conditioned by its engagement with wider continental ideological and administrative developments. Within the shared legal and cultural space of 'Europe', a number of factors contributed to the development of a language of power both secular and spiritual, including the growth of universities, the study of Roman civil and canon law, the development of dictamen and the increasing prominence of the mobile curial administrative elite. I propose that these influences were of signal importance for the reign of Henry III in its own right, and also in the longer-term development of later medieval English political culture. The chapters of the thesis evaluate these influences through three sections: prosopographical, textual and linguistic. Chapter 1 examines the personnel of royal government, exploring both the contributions to royal government made by foreign clerks, and the participation of other royal servants in European cultural networks. Chapter 2 turns to analysis of legal and dictaminal manuscripts, exploring the challenges in reconstructing medieval reading culture. In Chapter 3, the circulation of such manuscripts over the longer thirteenth century is evaluated to demonstrate their influence on royal government. In Chapter 4, the thesis turns to linguistic influence during the period of the personal rule, 1230-1250, exploring the impact of Romano-Canonical legal concepts on the discussion of royal power. Chapter 5 looks at the impact of the same concepts on discussion of the wider political community. The final chapter considers the influence of dictamen on the rhetoric of royal government. Bringing these strands together, the thesis shows that a cultivated and cosmopolitan elite, serving Henry III and knowledgeable in the learned laws and rhetoric, adapted that knowledge to their portrayal and implementation of royal government, with lasting significance for this reign and beyond.

Subjects/Keywords: Henry III; Middle Ages

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hennings, L. (2017). The language of kingship under Henry III : civilian, canonical, and dictaminal ideas in practice, c.1230-c.1252. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b7c82431-5631-468d-a632-4803179abff3 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770359

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hennings, Lucy. “The language of kingship under Henry III : civilian, canonical, and dictaminal ideas in practice, c.1230-c.1252.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b7c82431-5631-468d-a632-4803179abff3 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770359.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hennings, Lucy. “The language of kingship under Henry III : civilian, canonical, and dictaminal ideas in practice, c.1230-c.1252.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hennings L. The language of kingship under Henry III : civilian, canonical, and dictaminal ideas in practice, c.1230-c.1252. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b7c82431-5631-468d-a632-4803179abff3 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770359.

Council of Science Editors:

Hennings L. The language of kingship under Henry III : civilian, canonical, and dictaminal ideas in practice, c.1230-c.1252. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2017. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b7c82431-5631-468d-a632-4803179abff3 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770359

University of Oxford

14. Cohen, Robert. Danegeld : the land tax in England, 991-1162.

Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Oxford

URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4662f8e7-64a9-4347-86f5-4636d27edf1b ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770671

► This thesis examines the genesis and development of the English land tax, commonly known as geld or Danegeld, from 991 until 1162. The thesis begins… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Taxation; Middle Ages; History

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cohen, R. (2018). Danegeld : the land tax in England, 991-1162. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4662f8e7-64a9-4347-86f5-4636d27edf1b ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770671

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cohen, Robert. “Danegeld : the land tax in England, 991-1162.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4662f8e7-64a9-4347-86f5-4636d27edf1b ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770671.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cohen, Robert. “Danegeld : the land tax in England, 991-1162.” 2018. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Cohen R. Danegeld : the land tax in England, 991-1162. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4662f8e7-64a9-4347-86f5-4636d27edf1b ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770671.

Council of Science Editors:

Cohen R. Danegeld : the land tax in England, 991-1162. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2018. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4662f8e7-64a9-4347-86f5-4636d27edf1b ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770671

Michigan State University

15. Christensen, Robert William. Thought and culture in the early Middle Ages : a selective study of the literature.

Degree: MA, Department of History, 1966, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:39473

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Ages

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APA (6^th Edition):

Christensen, R. W. (1966). Thought and culture in the early Middle Ages : a selective study of the literature. (Masters Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:39473

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Christensen, Robert William. “Thought and culture in the early Middle Ages : a selective study of the literature.” 1966. Masters Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:39473.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Christensen, Robert William. “Thought and culture in the early Middle Ages : a selective study of the literature.” 1966. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Christensen RW. Thought and culture in the early Middle Ages : a selective study of the literature. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan State University; 1966. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:39473.

Council of Science Editors:

Christensen RW. Thought and culture in the early Middle Ages : a selective study of the literature. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan State University; 1966. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:39473

University of Notre Dame

16. Damian Francis Zurro. We All Work in Common: Medieval Cistercian Lay Brothers in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries</h1>.

Degree: History, 2015, University of Notre Dame

URL: https://curate.nd.edu/show/qb98mc90240

► This dissertation examines the lives and work of Cistercian lay brothers throughout a roughly a two-century period in the high Middle Ages. It investigates… (more)

▼ This dissertation examines the lives and work of Cistercian lay brothers throughout a roughly a two-century period in the high Middle Ages. It investigates the unique contributions they made to Cistercian life during the main period of their existence. Unlike previous studies, which have concerned themselves predominantly with the origins of lay brothers as a way into their status, this project begins with the question of whether those from the countryside could be part of the religious life. It then aims to show how the lay brothers themselves created their own version of the religious life. Cistercian monks brought in lay brothers as helpers in the goal of restoring manual labor to an important place in monasticism. Thus, the dissertation opens by studying the grange, the space of agricultural labor within the Cistercian economy. Through an analysis of two French monasteries, the study argues that lay brothers were on the frontlines of Cistercian labor, bringing their own unique know-how to resolving conflicts commensurate with the way monks were specialists in the divine office. Then, the dissertation surveys the customaries that guided monks and lay brothers both at work and during communal liturgical celebrations to illuminate how these practices reinforced the subordinate status of lay brothers. Finally, it probes several exempla to uncover how lay brothers became part of a larger Cistercian narrative, which in turn served to influence ways that monks thought about lay brothers and expected them ideally to conduct themselves. Eventually authors outside of the Cistercian world adopted these exempla and promulgated a largely unchanged image of lay brothers to diverse audiences. In the end, the lay brothers were more than simply auxiliaries to the monks, despite the rhetoric of the monks themselves. These men, largely from the countryside and never intending to embrace monasticism the way choir monks did, and eventually not allowed to, forged a different version of the religious life adapted to peasant ways of life. Advisors/Committee Members: Brad Gregory, Committee Member, Thomas F. X. Noble, Committee Member, John Van Engen, Committee Chair.

Subjects/Keywords: European History; Middle Ages; Monasticism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zurro, D. F. (2015). We All Work in Common: Medieval Cistercian Lay Brothers in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries</h1>. (Thesis). University of Notre Dame. Retrieved from https://curate.nd.edu/show/qb98mc90240

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zurro, Damian Francis. “We All Work in Common: Medieval Cistercian Lay Brothers in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries</h1>.” 2015. Thesis, University of Notre Dame. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://curate.nd.edu/show/qb98mc90240.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zurro, Damian Francis. “We All Work in Common: Medieval Cistercian Lay Brothers in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries</h1>.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Zurro DF. We All Work in Common: Medieval Cistercian Lay Brothers in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries</h1>. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/qb98mc90240.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zurro DF. We All Work in Common: Medieval Cistercian Lay Brothers in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries</h1>. [Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2015. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/qb98mc90240

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Arizona

17. Saak, Eric Leland. Religio Augustini: Jordan of Quedlinburg and the Augustinian tradition in late medieval Germany.

Degree: 1993, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186376

► This study focuses on the Expositio Orationis Dominicae of the little known Augustinian friar Jordan of Quedlinburg (d. 1370/80). An edition of this work is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Middle ages.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Saak, E. L. (1993). Religio Augustini: Jordan of Quedlinburg and the Augustinian tradition in late medieval Germany. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186376

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Saak, Eric Leland. “Religio Augustini: Jordan of Quedlinburg and the Augustinian tradition in late medieval Germany. ” 1993. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186376.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Saak, Eric Leland. “Religio Augustini: Jordan of Quedlinburg and the Augustinian tradition in late medieval Germany. ” 1993. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Saak EL. Religio Augustini: Jordan of Quedlinburg and the Augustinian tradition in late medieval Germany. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1993. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186376.

Council of Science Editors:

Saak EL. Religio Augustini: Jordan of Quedlinburg and the Augustinian tradition in late medieval Germany. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1993. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186376

University of Missouri – Columbia

18. Griego, Danielle Nicole. Child death, grief, and the community in high and late Medieval England.

Degree: 2018, University of Missouri – Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10355/69857

► "William of Canterbury, one of the authors of the Thomas Becket miracle collection, reports in a twelfth-century miracle that an eight-year-old boy named Phillip was… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: History; Child death; Middle Ages

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APA (6^th Edition):

Griego, D. N. (2018). Child death, grief, and the community in high and late Medieval England. (Thesis). University of Missouri – Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10355/69857

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Griego, Danielle Nicole. “Child death, grief, and the community in high and late Medieval England.” 2018. Thesis, University of Missouri – Columbia. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/69857.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Griego, Danielle Nicole. “Child death, grief, and the community in high and late Medieval England.” 2018. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Griego DN. Child death, grief, and the community in high and late Medieval England. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10355/69857.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Griego DN. Child death, grief, and the community in high and late Medieval England. [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10355/69857

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Columbia University

19. Shulevitz, Deborah Gail. Heresy, Money, and Society in Southern France, 1175-1325.

Degree: 2017, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8P84Q7B

► This study contributes to the ongoing debate about the existence and nature of the Cathar heresy in Languedoc in the long thirteenth century. Using testimony… (more)

▼ This study contributes to the ongoing debate about the existence and nature of the Cathar heresy in Languedoc in the long thirteenth century. Using testimony of accused heretics, it traces a network of fundraising, donations, testamentary bequests, deposit-holding, moneylending, and other types of financial transactions that evidences the existence of a discreet group of people traditionally called ‘Cathars’. This study demonstrates that, unlike many other medieval religious movements, this group did not practice voluntary poverty as part of a holy life. Since the Cathars are traditionally thought to be radical dualists who rejected the material world in all its forms, and because their clergy professed asceticism in other aspects of life, the failure to embrace holy poverty struck contemporary observers as hypocritical and self-serving. Many modern historians have agreed with this assessment, while others have argued that the Cathars did, in fact, embrace poverty. This study serves as a corrective to both points of view: the ‘Cathars’ in thirteenth-century Languedoc neither embraced poverty, nor cynically claimed to do so while disregarding their principles. Rather, repudiation of money was not part of their way of life. That the Cathars of Languedoc did not embrace apostolic poverty is not surprising when we consider that they were embedded in a local culture with strong moneylending traditions. These local practices did not conform to the norms of the Catholic church, rendering the region vulnerable to charges of usury as well as heresy. As part of its effort to standardize religious practice, in the thirteenth century the papacy waged an aggressive campaign against Cathar heresy. Uneasy with the rapid economic expansion of the high Middle Ages, it also stepped up attacks on usury, which was seen by some as a kind of heresy. Seeing that Cathars did not embrace holy poverty – and, in fact, participated in the economy – contemporary critics accused them of practicing usury and pursuing wealth. Languedoc, already deeply associated with Catharism, came under attack in the thirteenth century for its credit culture as well. Using case studies of early thirteenth-century Toulouse and late thirteenth-century Albi, this dissertation examines the association between heresy and usury and argues that attacks on their practitioners were intended to enforce conformity to orthodox norms and eradicate difference within Latin Christendom.

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Ages; History; Albigenses; Christian heresies – Middle Ages

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shulevitz, D. G. (2017). Heresy, Money, and Society in Southern France, 1175-1325. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8P84Q7B

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shulevitz, Deborah Gail. “Heresy, Money, and Society in Southern France, 1175-1325.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8P84Q7B.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shulevitz, Deborah Gail. “Heresy, Money, and Society in Southern France, 1175-1325.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Shulevitz DG. Heresy, Money, and Society in Southern France, 1175-1325. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8P84Q7B.

Council of Science Editors:

Shulevitz DG. Heresy, Money, and Society in Southern France, 1175-1325. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2017. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8P84Q7B

University of Toronto

20. Butler, Colleen Dorelle. Queering the Classics: Gender, Genre, and Reception in the Works of Hrotsvit of Gandersheim.

Degree: PhD, 2016, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/82409

► This thesis examines how the worldâ s first female dramatist, the tenth-century canoness Hrotsvit of Gandersheim, challenged pedagogical interpretations of gender in her imitations of… (more)

▼ This thesis examines how the worldâ s first female dramatist, the tenth-century canoness Hrotsvit of Gandersheim, challenged pedagogical interpretations of gender in her imitations of Roman literature. The dissertation finds that while Hrotsvit imitated the content and form of Ovid, Terence, and Virgil, she denaturalized the binary conceptions of gender promulgated in their works by inverting the specific markers of gender identified in pedagogical texts associated with them and by linking those behavioural markers to imbalances of social power rather than to biology. Studies of the sex/gender system in the early medieval period have tended to focus on medical discourses which attribute gendered behaviour to biology. My doctoral research uses untapped primary sources to prove that gender was not invariably thought to be tied to biology in the medieval cultural imaginary. The commentaries, glosses, and other pedagogical texts on classical literature used in medieval classrooms presented readers with a concrete set of ideas about gender, including highly specific linguistic and behavioural expectations. While scholars have increasingly begun to analyze commentaries on classical literature for insights into medieval gender norms, the majority of this work has focused on the dissemination of ideas about masculinity in male homosocial schools during the twelfth century and beyond. My research contributes to this conversation by asking how early medieval female readers responded to the educational discourses on gender which they encountered in the female-led classrooms of women's religious institutions. The thesis is also innovative in its proposal that Hrotsvitâ s book of saintsâ legends was written in imitation of Ovid. Overall, the dissertation revises current understandings of the sex/gender system in the Ottonian period, demonstrating that ideas which resemble the social construction of gender were circulating centuries earlier than previously thought. Advisors/Committee Members: Townsend, David, Medieval Studies.

Subjects/Keywords: classical reception; early Middle Ages; gender in the Middle Ages; Hrotsvit of Gandersheim; medieval genre; sexuality in the Middle Ages; 0297

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APA (6^th Edition):

Butler, C. D. (2016). Queering the Classics: Gender, Genre, and Reception in the Works of Hrotsvit of Gandersheim. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/82409

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Butler, Colleen Dorelle. “Queering the Classics: Gender, Genre, and Reception in the Works of Hrotsvit of Gandersheim.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Toronto. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/82409.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Butler, Colleen Dorelle. “Queering the Classics: Gender, Genre, and Reception in the Works of Hrotsvit of Gandersheim.” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Butler CD. Queering the Classics: Gender, Genre, and Reception in the Works of Hrotsvit of Gandersheim. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/82409.

Council of Science Editors:

Butler CD. Queering the Classics: Gender, Genre, and Reception in the Works of Hrotsvit of Gandersheim. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/82409

Cornell University

21. Sierra, Juan. Voice And Meaning: Writing Authority In Late Medieval England And Iberia.

Degree: PhD, Comparative Literature, 2011, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30761

► My dissertation tells the story of how the separation of voice and meaning in discursive structures became bound up with legitimating the fifteenth-century conquest of… (more)

▼ My dissertation tells the story of how the separation of voice and meaning in discursive structures became bound up with legitimating the fifteenth-century conquest of non-Christian lands. This is because the possibility of extending secular dominion into lands outside traditional legitimating practices necessitated a new rethinking of the use and discourse of authority. At the center of this change in meaning and voice were the Iberian translations of John Gower's Confessio Amantis that joined two different modalities of questioning the presentation of authority through writing: a Castilian approach, which disassociated the experience of reading from the verisimilitude of narration, and an English one, which undermined the possibility of speech to communicate truth. This synthesis justified colonialism because it gave sovereigns the means to speak with authority in a place outside universal language and law. The Iberian and English traditions which influenced Gower's translation into Portuguese, therefore, support the idea that there was a growing disconnect between the power of their ideas and the ways in which they were conveyed. The most disseminated examples of Castilian historiography and English translation separated what they meant from how they said it. They made spaces for understanding which were outside of communication-spaces which proved that signs could divorce their social uses from their ability to signify while still retaining their ability to change the world. These spaces, in being taken up by the Portuguese translations of Gower's Confessio, helped Europe fashion a concept of sovereignty applicable outside the boundaries of Western discourse. My project, therefore, works as a new comparative study of medieval literatures and of the effects of medieval culture in contemporary discussions of post-colonial agency. It does this first by providing an analysis of legal discourse and the use of metaphors to vindicate colonial authority in the fourteenth and fifteenth century. Second, it shows how the cross-cultural interchange of two medieval discursive traditions that are usually read separately-those of Iberia and of England-were synthesized in ways that paralleled this legalistic discourse. The result is the first comparative study of England and Iberian literature as it bears on larger questions of fifteenth-century political agency. Advisors/Committee Members: Galloway, Andrew Scott (chair), Murray, Timothy Conway (committee member), Kennedy, William John (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: sovereignty; Spain; England; Middle Ages; discourse

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sierra, J. (2011). Voice And Meaning: Writing Authority In Late Medieval England And Iberia. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30761

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sierra, Juan. “Voice And Meaning: Writing Authority In Late Medieval England And Iberia.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30761.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sierra, Juan. “Voice And Meaning: Writing Authority In Late Medieval England And Iberia.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Sierra J. Voice And Meaning: Writing Authority In Late Medieval England And Iberia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30761.

Council of Science Editors:

Sierra J. Voice And Meaning: Writing Authority In Late Medieval England And Iberia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30761

Leiden University

22. Keemink, Meta. Glass distribution in the Late Middle Ages in North-Western Europe: the case of Sluis compared to the Low Countries.

Degree: 2015, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/35797

► During an excavation in 1998 at the junction of the Hoogstraat/Lange Wolstraat in Sluis, many waste contexts were found that contained glass. A total of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Glass; Late Middle Ages; Low Countries; Sluis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Keemink, M. (2015). Glass distribution in the Late Middle Ages in North-Western Europe: the case of Sluis compared to the Low Countries. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/35797

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Keemink, Meta. “Glass distribution in the Late Middle Ages in North-Western Europe: the case of Sluis compared to the Low Countries.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/35797.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Keemink, Meta. “Glass distribution in the Late Middle Ages in North-Western Europe: the case of Sluis compared to the Low Countries.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Keemink M. Glass distribution in the Late Middle Ages in North-Western Europe: the case of Sluis compared to the Low Countries. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/35797.

Council of Science Editors:

Keemink M. Glass distribution in the Late Middle Ages in North-Western Europe: the case of Sluis compared to the Low Countries. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/35797

Leiden University

23. Fernández Sánchez, Ismael Manuel. Children of the Market Economy: An analysis of linear enamel hypoplasia in Alkmaar and Klaaskinderkerke, the Netherlands (ca. 1200-1600).

Degree: 2017, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/53295

► The process of urbanisation was important during the Late Middle Ages in Europe. Traditionally, the rise of urban centres has been associated with unhealthier living… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: urbanisation; Middle Ages; anthropology; teeth; childhood

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fernández Sánchez, I. M. (2017). Children of the Market Economy: An analysis of linear enamel hypoplasia in Alkmaar and Klaaskinderkerke, the Netherlands (ca. 1200-1600). (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/53295

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fernández Sánchez, Ismael Manuel. “Children of the Market Economy: An analysis of linear enamel hypoplasia in Alkmaar and Klaaskinderkerke, the Netherlands (ca. 1200-1600).” 2017. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/53295.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fernández Sánchez, Ismael Manuel. “Children of the Market Economy: An analysis of linear enamel hypoplasia in Alkmaar and Klaaskinderkerke, the Netherlands (ca. 1200-1600).” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Fernández Sánchez IM. Children of the Market Economy: An analysis of linear enamel hypoplasia in Alkmaar and Klaaskinderkerke, the Netherlands (ca. 1200-1600). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/53295.

Council of Science Editors:

Fernández Sánchez IM. Children of the Market Economy: An analysis of linear enamel hypoplasia in Alkmaar and Klaaskinderkerke, the Netherlands (ca. 1200-1600). [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/53295

Leiden University

24. Breuer, Eva. Item dit boeck is van die kijnder die den Heiligengeest hout, 1491-1544.

Degree: 2017, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/52533

► This thesis is an scholarly edition of a children's book together with its nametags from the Holy Spirit Orphanage in Leiden. The book has been… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Heilige Geest Weeshuis; Leiden; Middle Ages; orphans

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APA (6^th Edition):

Breuer, E. (2017). Item dit boeck is van die kijnder die den Heiligengeest hout, 1491-1544. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/52533

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Breuer, Eva. “Item dit boeck is van die kijnder die den Heiligengeest hout, 1491-1544.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/52533.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Breuer, Eva. “Item dit boeck is van die kijnder die den Heiligengeest hout, 1491-1544.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Breuer E. Item dit boeck is van die kijnder die den Heiligengeest hout, 1491-1544. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/52533.

Council of Science Editors:

Breuer E. Item dit boeck is van die kijnder die den Heiligengeest hout, 1491-1544. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/52533

Leiden University

25. Schouten, Rowanne. Continuity and Change at Tabacalera, Gijón (Spain): A Diachronic Comparison of the Zooarchaeological Assemblage from the Late Roman Period and the Medieval Period.

Degree: 2020, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/134886

► In this thesis, the zooarchaeological assemblages from the Tabacalera site are compared with each other and changes in animal husbandry strategies and diet are studied.… (more)

▼ In this thesis, the zooarchaeological assemblages from the Tabacalera site are compared with each other and changes in animal husbandry strategies and diet are studied. Afterward they are also compared to other data from the Iberian Peninsula known for the periods in question. These assemblage date to the Late Roman Period (5th-6th centuries) and the Middle Ages (8th to 16th, but mainly 14th to 16th). The Late Roman assemblage exists of carcasses dumped after a catastrophic event and the medieval assemblage was accumulated over de course of the centuries. These differences in accumulation made it hard to compare the two assemblages. To asses the possible changes a plethora of methods was used: species ratios, element distribution, mortality profiles, osteometric analysis and the distribution of taphonomic marks. In addition to the mammal fragments these methods were used on, species distribution is also discussed for the other animal groups, such as birds. All in all, this led to the following conclusions. Firstly, due to the different taphonomy and accumulation the two assemblages can barely be compared when animal husbandry and diet is considered. Some conclusions, however are possible. Secondly, cattle were the animals that were produced at the site. The focus of production lay on a mix of meat and secondary products. A part of the cattle was used for milk, ploughing and traction, and not consumed until old age and a part was slaughtered for meat and likely traded to a high-status or urban site in the area. Pig and sheep/goats were animals consumed at the site, but not produced or traded. The only product of pig was meat and sheep/goats were kept for mixed production of both wool and meat. Other species formed a supplement to this diet. Mainly these are chicken and turkey. The presence of turkey is special due to its only recent introduction to the country. Other animal groups still need to be studied. The medieval assemblage fits with the characteristics of a rural Christian site near a high-status or urban settlement during the High Middle Ages in Northern Spain. The changes that could be determined between the Roman and medieval assemblages were the change in socio economic status from high-status Roman to rural medieval. This was also attested by historical sources. There was also a change in primary consumption animal and the breed improvement of cattle known in the area from the Roman period ceased in the Middle Ages, resulting in a decrease in cattle size. The size of the sheep (that were already small during the Roman period) stayed the same during the Middle Ages. This resulted in the conclusion that no breed improvement took place 71 and that the mixed production known for the Roman period stayed the same in the Middle Ages. In conclusion, between the Late Roman period and the (High) Middle Ages the site underwent many changes with little continuity between the periods. These changes envelope both taphonomical and husbandry changes. Advisors/Committee Members: Llorente Rodriguez, Dr. L (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Zooarchaeology; Gijon; Spain; Middle Ages; Roman

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Schouten, R. (2020). Continuity and Change at Tabacalera, Gijón (Spain): A Diachronic Comparison of the Zooarchaeological Assemblage from the Late Roman Period and the Medieval Period. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/134886

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schouten, Rowanne. “Continuity and Change at Tabacalera, Gijón (Spain): A Diachronic Comparison of the Zooarchaeological Assemblage from the Late Roman Period and the Medieval Period.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/134886.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schouten, Rowanne. “Continuity and Change at Tabacalera, Gijón (Spain): A Diachronic Comparison of the Zooarchaeological Assemblage from the Late Roman Period and the Medieval Period.” 2020. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Schouten R. Continuity and Change at Tabacalera, Gijón (Spain): A Diachronic Comparison of the Zooarchaeological Assemblage from the Late Roman Period and the Medieval Period. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/134886.

Council of Science Editors:

Schouten R. Continuity and Change at Tabacalera, Gijón (Spain): A Diachronic Comparison of the Zooarchaeological Assemblage from the Late Roman Period and the Medieval Period. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/134886

University of Guelph

26. Mallon, Jack. ‘To Love and Be Loved:’ The Medieval Monastic Community as Family, 400-1300.

Degree: MA, Department of History, 2015, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8730

► This thesis expands how the medieval monastic family can be understood to parallel the traditional nuclear family founded upon the heterosexual union of husband and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: monasticism; monks; religion; Middle Ages; medieval

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mallon, J. (2015). ‘To Love and Be Loved:’ The Medieval Monastic Community as Family, 400-1300. (Masters Thesis). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8730

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mallon, Jack. “‘To Love and Be Loved:’ The Medieval Monastic Community as Family, 400-1300.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Guelph. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8730.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mallon, Jack. “‘To Love and Be Loved:’ The Medieval Monastic Community as Family, 400-1300.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Mallon J. ‘To Love and Be Loved:’ The Medieval Monastic Community as Family, 400-1300. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Guelph; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8730.

Council of Science Editors:

Mallon J. ‘To Love and Be Loved:’ The Medieval Monastic Community as Family, 400-1300. [Masters Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2015. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8730

Columbia University

27. Reno, Edward Andrew. The Authoritative Text: Raymond of Penyafort's Editing of the 'Decretals of Gregory IX' (1234).

Degree: 2011, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8PK0P3Q

► The Decretals of Gregory IX, promulgated in 1234, was the first collection of canon law for the Catholic Church invested with universal and exclusive authority,… (more)

▼ The Decretals of Gregory IX, promulgated in 1234, was the first collection of canon law for the Catholic Church invested with universal and exclusive authority, and was the culmination of a century and a half process by which the a now papal-led Church came to be the leading institution within medieval European society. The Decretals, also known as the Liber extra - a compilation of 1971 papal letters, constitutions and conciliar canons drawn principally from the century prior to its issuance - has long been understood as a key text for the study of the medieval papacy, the rise of scholasticism within the universities, and the extension of the Church's jurisdiction into almost every area of medieval life. The degree to which the man commissioned to edit the collection, the Dominican Raymond of Penyafort (1175-1275), actively shaped the legal content of the Decretals through eliminating, rewording, or supplementing the individual texts has remained elusive, in part because of the complicated manuscript tradition and in part because of our ignorance of all his sources. This dissertation examines Raymond's editing of the most recent material within the collection, the 195 capitula attributed to the commissioning pope Gregory IX (1227-1241), which in many cases provide definitive statements of the law. This study has determined that Raymond used Gregory IX's papal registers - the official record of papal correspondence and administration - as a source for roughly half of the capitula attributed to this pope in the Decretals. A collation of these capitula with the register originals has been produced, allowing one to see directly how Raymond shaped the material at his disposal into a universal legal framework for the Church. While the collation will serve as the basis for future analyses of the changes Raymond and Gregory introduced into the law, a case study has been conducted for the Gregorian legislation related to the religious orders. The results of this study show the dynamic and contingent nature of papal legislation - how the law at times was crafted in response to specific difficulties faced by legal commentators, but also how certain decisions with a narrow scope were given broad and universal application by Raymond, sometimes with unintended consequences down the road. Such was the case with Gregory's decision to allow women in a southern German province - who had been abandoned by their husbands for having committed adultery - to enter convents set up for former prostitutes (X 3.32.19, Gaudemus in Domino). In Raymond's hands this became a general recommendation that all women convicted of adultery should enter into convents to perform lifetime penance. Aside from legal content, Raymond's editing for the entire collection has been examined from the standpoint of legal rhetoric, and the particular language of law that emerged in the thirteenth century. It is demonstrated how Raymond consistently eliminated references to the counsel given the pope by the cardinals during legal decision making, with the…

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Ages; History; Canon law; Religion

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reno, E. A. (2011). The Authoritative Text: Raymond of Penyafort's Editing of the 'Decretals of Gregory IX' (1234). (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8PK0P3Q

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reno, Edward Andrew. “The Authoritative Text: Raymond of Penyafort's Editing of the 'Decretals of Gregory IX' (1234).” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8PK0P3Q.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reno, Edward Andrew. “The Authoritative Text: Raymond of Penyafort's Editing of the 'Decretals of Gregory IX' (1234).” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Reno EA. The Authoritative Text: Raymond of Penyafort's Editing of the 'Decretals of Gregory IX' (1234). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8PK0P3Q.

Council of Science Editors:

Reno EA. The Authoritative Text: Raymond of Penyafort's Editing of the 'Decretals of Gregory IX' (1234). [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2011. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8PK0P3Q

Columbia University

28. Love, Melissa Jordan. "On Earth as It Is in Heaven?" The Creation of the Bastides of Southwest France.

Degree: 2012, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X354J5

► In southwest France starting in the early thirteenth century, an estimated 500 to 700 new towns were created over the course of about 150 years.… (more)

▼ In southwest France starting in the early thirteenth century, an estimated 500 to 700 new towns were created over the course of about 150 years. These new towns, or "bastides," were most often created on unoccupied lands and took the form of a geometric grid plan that was designed around a central market square ringed with arcades, or couverts. Created for economic trade and settlement purposes, the bastides represent one of the first forays into urban planning on a grid system since late Roman times, especially on such a large scale, and they coincide with new economic and political rights and grants of land laid out in the town charters to attract inhabitants to move to the new communities. Many of the bastides were founded by the kings of France and England, as well as local lords including Count Raymond VII of Toulouse, and were made in cooperation with local landowners who were often Cistercian monasteries or minor nobility. While many studies thus far have focused on the economic and political implications for these charters, which included sales and property taxes that replaced traditional tithing, other scholarship has focused on their geographic placement and their geometric planning. However, few have addressed larger issues of identity formation, the social production of space, visual relationships such as between the market hall and the church, or the impact of the Cathar heresy in the region on the relationship between bastides and ecclesiastic authorities. This dissertation addresses these issues of social context, town design, and architectural form. The Cathar heresy was initially put down by a crusade called by Innocent III and resulted in the wholesale destruction of many cities in southwest France. The bastides were created partly as a consequence of the devastation in order to fulfill the need for new settlements. Because of this history of heresy, many bastides were built on former Cathar lands and utilized a strong stamp of authority through naming practice and the development of over-large church clocher-porches that dominate the town squares. Other bastides reflect identity and ambition through the appropriation of European city names, most of them Spanish or Italian, many of which were developing new economic and political rights of their own that were allowing them to thrive. These included the Fueros de Valencia and the Liber Paradisus of Bologna, which targeted the merchant class at the expense of the nobility, and the latter did so through the rhetoric of biblical metaphor. Many of the names used by the bastides were Italian communes, which had a tradition of written odes that described the ideal city in language that included the visual description of compact, state homes on organized, broad streets. These reflect the wide straight streets of the bastides and not the narrow, overbuilt urban tangle that was more common in medieval cities. Though the underlying geometry of bastides is somewhat tenuous, the massive size of some of their squares stands as a marker of their founders'…

Subjects/Keywords: Art; Architecture; City planning; Middle Ages; History

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APA (6^th Edition):

Love, M. J. (2012). "On Earth as It Is in Heaven?" The Creation of the Bastides of Southwest France. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X354J5

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Love, Melissa Jordan. “"On Earth as It Is in Heaven?" The Creation of the Bastides of Southwest France.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X354J5.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Love, Melissa Jordan. “"On Earth as It Is in Heaven?" The Creation of the Bastides of Southwest France.” 2012. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Love MJ. "On Earth as It Is in Heaven?" The Creation of the Bastides of Southwest France. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X354J5.

Council of Science Editors:

Love MJ. "On Earth as It Is in Heaven?" The Creation of the Bastides of Southwest France. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X354J5

Columbia University

29. Yee, Ethan Leong. The Burden of Forgiveness: Franciscans’ Impact on Penitential Practices in the Thirteenth Century.

Degree: 2019, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-qbmj-zr04

► This dissertation explores the activities of the Friars Minor relating to penance, seeking to identify the distinctive characteristics of their penitential ideals and practices and… (more)

▼ This dissertation explores the activities of the Friars Minor relating to penance, seeking to identify the distinctive characteristics of their penitential ideals and practices and understand how they affected the penitential lives of those around them. The first three chapters draw from sources dating to the thirteenth and occasionally early fourteenth centuries from all over Western Christendom, while the last two chapters use sources mainly from thirteenth-century Northern Italy. In the Franciscan Summae confessorum, handbooks for confessors, three distinctive Franciscan penitential ideals emerge: a willingness to undermine the established order of the Church in order to gain more influence in the penitential forum; a desire for more lenient interrogation methods and imposition of penances; and a conception of indulgences as a normal part of the penitential process rather than as extraordinary privileges. These ideals influenced the way Franciscans directed penitential policy when they became prominent under the Franciscan pope Nicholas IV. Absolution and dispensation were made more available through delegation, bishops were left out of the process, and indulgences were granted in larger numbers. Franciscan penitential ideals also spread to the laity through preaching. Franciscans’ emphasis on lenient penances was paired with sermons that urged the laity to do lifelong penance and exalted their spiritual status. Franciscan spiritual advice also moved holy women such as Angela of Foligno and Margaret of Cortona to moderate their excessive penitential practices, seek out indulgences, and criticize prelates. But many lay people resisted Franciscan influence, such as the confraternities of Florence who rejected Franciscan guidance. In general, there was a relationship of mutual influence between the friars and laity in which the friars aimed to control penitential practice to some extent, but also left room for and encouraged lay autonomy, which can be seen in testaments from Bologna.

Subjects/Keywords: History; Middle Ages; Religion; Forgiveness; Penance; Franciscans

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yee, E. L. (2019). The Burden of Forgiveness: Franciscans’ Impact on Penitential Practices in the Thirteenth Century. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-qbmj-zr04

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yee, Ethan Leong. “The Burden of Forgiveness: Franciscans’ Impact on Penitential Practices in the Thirteenth Century.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-qbmj-zr04.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yee, Ethan Leong. “The Burden of Forgiveness: Franciscans’ Impact on Penitential Practices in the Thirteenth Century.” 2019. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Yee EL. The Burden of Forgiveness: Franciscans’ Impact on Penitential Practices in the Thirteenth Century. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-qbmj-zr04.

Council of Science Editors:

Yee EL. The Burden of Forgiveness: Franciscans’ Impact on Penitential Practices in the Thirteenth Century. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2019. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-qbmj-zr04

University of Oxford

30. Perry, Guy J. M. The career and significance of John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem, emperor of Constantinople.

Degree: PhD, 2011, University of Oxford

URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6efad77d-921d-499a-8fa6-eccabcb0c608 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517316

► This thesis is a biographical study of John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem and later Latin emperor of Constantinople (d. 1237). John’s extraordinary career is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 950; History; Middle Ages; Medieval; Crusades

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APA (6^th Edition):

Perry, G. J. M. (2011). The career and significance of John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem, emperor of Constantinople. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6efad77d-921d-499a-8fa6-eccabcb0c608 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517316

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Perry, Guy J M. “The career and significance of John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem, emperor of Constantinople.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6efad77d-921d-499a-8fa6-eccabcb0c608 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517316.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Perry, Guy J M. “The career and significance of John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem, emperor of Constantinople.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Perry GJM. The career and significance of John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem, emperor of Constantinople. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6efad77d-921d-499a-8fa6-eccabcb0c608 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517316.

Council of Science Editors:

Perry GJM. The career and significance of John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem, emperor of Constantinople. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2011. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6efad77d-921d-499a-8fa6-eccabcb0c608 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517316

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