subject:(Metals Toxicology)

University of Waterloo

1. Wilkinson, Lesley Anne Steeds. Use of Non-linear Models Based on Saturation Kinetics to Determine Chronic Co, Se or Zn Toxicity for Either Exposure or Body Burden in Hyalella azteca.

Degree: 2018, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13060

► Water chemistry can influence the bioavailability, and therefore the toxicity, of metals and other elements. Water chemistry measurements have been incorporated into many water guidelines… (more)

▼ Water chemistry can influence the bioavailability, and therefore the toxicity, of metals and other elements. Water chemistry measurements have been incorporated into many water guidelines for the concentration of metals in Canada. However, the application of these guidelines requires site-specific measurements of metal concentrations and can also require the measurement of water chemistry parameters. The amphipod Hyalella azteca has been used extensively in toxicity testing, and the whole-body concentration of an element in the organism can be related to toxic effects for some elements. The whole-body concentration is, therefore, assumed to be proportional to the concentration of the element at the site of toxic action. However, it is unknown if the water chemistry variables that influence element bioavailability and toxicity will also influence the whole-body concentration that is linked to a toxic effect. If the whole-body concentration of an element in H. azteca causing toxicity is not influenced by water chemistry conditions, then it could be a useful site assessment tool. Several trace metals, including cobalt (Co) and zinc (Zn), as well as the element selenium (Se), are essential to many organisms for metabolic processes. However, above a certain threshold these elements will have toxic effects. Mortality is often the most sensitive toxic endpoint in H. azteca, so the acute and chronic of mortality of H. azteca were determined in organisms exposed to a range of concentrations of cobalt, selenium, or zinc in soft water exposure media that varied in pH, alkalinity, or dissolved organic carbon. Non-linear regression models based on saturation kinetics were used to model mortality in both acute and chronic exposures, and to model bioaccumulation in chronic exposures in relation to exposure or body concentration of an element. From these models, lethal exposure concentrations and lethal body concentrations were determined for each element and each water chemistry scenario. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was protective against chronic exposure-based Co and Zn toxicity, but increased the toxicity of Se. The patterns of uptake of Se were also influenced by DOC, as well as pH and alkalinity. Concentrations of DOC greater than 5 mg L-1 influenced the uptake pattern of Co, but the lethal body concentrations of Co were not influenced by water chemistry. The lethal body concentrations of Zn in H. azteca were similarly not influenced by water chemistry, whereas concentrations of DOC greater than 5 mg L-1 decreased the Se body burden that caused mortality. The bioaccumulation models that were developed could predict observed body concentrations within two-fold of the actual value over 87% of the time for all elements. The resulting non-linear regression models and lethal concentrations were compared to studies conducted in hard water that had similar data. Increased hardness was protective against exposure-based toxicity of all elements tested. Lethal body concentrations for each metal exposure were consistent regardless…

Subjects/Keywords: Aquatic toxicology; Hyalella azteca; metals; Water chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wilkinson, L. A. S. (2018). Use of Non-linear Models Based on Saturation Kinetics to Determine Chronic Co, Se or Zn Toxicity for Either Exposure or Body Burden in Hyalella azteca. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13060

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wilkinson, Lesley Anne Steeds. “Use of Non-linear Models Based on Saturation Kinetics to Determine Chronic Co, Se or Zn Toxicity for Either Exposure or Body Burden in Hyalella azteca.” 2018. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13060.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wilkinson, Lesley Anne Steeds. “Use of Non-linear Models Based on Saturation Kinetics to Determine Chronic Co, Se or Zn Toxicity for Either Exposure or Body Burden in Hyalella azteca.” 2018. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wilkinson LAS. Use of Non-linear Models Based on Saturation Kinetics to Determine Chronic Co, Se or Zn Toxicity for Either Exposure or Body Burden in Hyalella azteca. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13060.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wilkinson LAS. Use of Non-linear Models Based on Saturation Kinetics to Determine Chronic Co, Se or Zn Toxicity for Either Exposure or Body Burden in Hyalella azteca. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13060

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oklahoma State University

2. Hickey, Joel. Adaptive Tolerance to Zinc in Freshwater Snails (Physa acuta) Across a Contamination Gradient.

Degree: Integrative Biology, 2019, Oklahoma State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/323398

► The Tri-State-Mining district is an area of northeast Oklahoma, southwest Missouri, and southeast Kansas in which zinc and lead mines operated for over 100 years.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: contamination; metals; mining; snails; toxicology; zinc

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hickey, J. (2019). Adaptive Tolerance to Zinc in Freshwater Snails (Physa acuta) Across a Contamination Gradient. (Thesis). Oklahoma State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11244/323398

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hickey, Joel. “Adaptive Tolerance to Zinc in Freshwater Snails (Physa acuta) Across a Contamination Gradient.” 2019. Thesis, Oklahoma State University. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11244/323398.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hickey, Joel. “Adaptive Tolerance to Zinc in Freshwater Snails (Physa acuta) Across a Contamination Gradient.” 2019. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hickey J. Adaptive Tolerance to Zinc in Freshwater Snails (Physa acuta) Across a Contamination Gradient. [Internet] [Thesis]. Oklahoma State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/323398.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hickey J. Adaptive Tolerance to Zinc in Freshwater Snails (Physa acuta) Across a Contamination Gradient. [Thesis]. Oklahoma State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/323398

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

3. Liu, Fengjie. Significance of metal-induced proteins in metal bioaccumulation in marine bivalves and pollution assessment.

Degree: 2012, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7696 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1197864 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7696/1/th_redirect.html

► Metal contamination is one of the most ubiquitous, persistent and complex environmental issues. Successful management of economic and ecological risks from metal contamination depends on… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Proteomics ; Metals – Bioaccumulation ; Bivalves ; Marine invertebrates ; Metals – Toxicology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liu, F. (2012). Significance of metal-induced proteins in metal bioaccumulation in marine bivalves and pollution assessment. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7696 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1197864 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7696/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liu, Fengjie. “Significance of metal-induced proteins in metal bioaccumulation in marine bivalves and pollution assessment.” 2012. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7696 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1197864 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7696/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liu, Fengjie. “Significance of metal-induced proteins in metal bioaccumulation in marine bivalves and pollution assessment.” 2012. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Liu F. Significance of metal-induced proteins in metal bioaccumulation in marine bivalves and pollution assessment. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7696 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1197864 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7696/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Liu F. Significance of metal-induced proteins in metal bioaccumulation in marine bivalves and pollution assessment. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2012. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7696 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1197864 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7696/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Johannesburg

4. Ackermann, Christia. A quantitative and qualitative histological assessment of selected organs of Oreochromis mossambicus after acute exposure to cadmium, chromium and nickel.

Degree: 2010, University of Johannesburg

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3219

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M.Sc.

South Africa is renowned for its exploitable mineral resources and continues to be a major player in the world’s mineral markets. The country is… (more)

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M.Sc.

South Africa is renowned for its exploitable mineral resources and continues to be a major player in the world’s mineral markets. The country is well known for containing the world’s largest gold and platinum repositories and electroplating industries, which is the major cause for delivering by-products such as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni). Environmental pollution caused by active mining and seepage from closed mines, continuously threatens South African water resources. Such pollution can cause a shift in water chemistry and increase the availability of certain metals to the living organisms of such a system. Even at low concentrations metals are amongst the most toxic environmental pollutants. As a result of their persistence and capacity to accumulate in the environment, metals have a lasting detrimental effect on the ecosystem. Although there is progress in the treatment of metallic wastes, the discharge thereof by industries is still a serious water pollution problem. In the past, chemical analysis of water has proven to be of great use for the detection of pollutants within the environment. The value of chemical analysis alone has become limiting, as chemical analysis supplies information on the levels of chemicals at a certain time. Furthermore, the monitoring of water quality variables often does not reflect long-term events that may play a critical role in determining the ecosystem health. It is now generally understood that measurements of only the physical and chemical attributes of water cannot be used as surrogates for assessing the health of an aquatic ecosystem. The new trend is to incorporate biological monitoring into Abstract existing monitoring strategies. Fish are entirely dependent on the aquatic environment for their survival, rendering them a good monitor of water pollution. Macroscopic changes in organs are preceded by changes at the tissue, cellular or molecular level. These changes are the net result of adverse biochemical and physiological changes within an organism. Histological analysis is a therefore very sensitive parameter and a valuable technique in determining cellular changes in target organs as a result of exposure to stressors. Fish histology can thus be used as an indicator of exposure to contaminants and assess the degree of pollution. Because of the subjective nature of morphological studies correlations with other quantitative studies are difficult. However, incorporation of quantitative methods is essential to the continued development of histopathology as a biomarker of pollution exposure, and to the interpretation of histological responses. The aim of this study is to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the toxic induced histological changes in the selected organs of Oreochromis mossambicus after acute exposure to Cd, Cr and Ni. Fish were exposed to 10% (n=20) and 20% (n=20) of the LC50 concentration of Cd, Cr and Ni respectively under controlled conditions (23 ± 1°C) for 96 hours in an environmental room with a control group (n=5) for each…

Subjects/Keywords: Effect of heavy metals on Mozambique tilapia; Cadmium toxicology; Chromium toxicology; Nickel toxicology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ackermann, C. (2010). A quantitative and qualitative histological assessment of selected organs of Oreochromis mossambicus after acute exposure to cadmium, chromium and nickel. (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3219

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ackermann, Christia. “A quantitative and qualitative histological assessment of selected organs of Oreochromis mossambicus after acute exposure to cadmium, chromium and nickel.” 2010. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3219.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ackermann, Christia. “A quantitative and qualitative histological assessment of selected organs of Oreochromis mossambicus after acute exposure to cadmium, chromium and nickel.” 2010. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ackermann C. A quantitative and qualitative histological assessment of selected organs of Oreochromis mossambicus after acute exposure to cadmium, chromium and nickel. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3219.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ackermann C. A quantitative and qualitative histological assessment of selected organs of Oreochromis mossambicus after acute exposure to cadmium, chromium and nickel. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3219

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Johannesburg

5. Van Wyk, Erika. Biochemical genetics, physiology and ecotoxicology of Southern African vulture species.

Degree: 2012, University of Johannesburg

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7463

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D.Phil.

The main objective of this study was to describe the population genetic structure of African Whitebacked Vultures (Pseudogyps africanus) and to compare values to… (more)

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D.Phil.

The main objective of this study was to describe the population genetic structure of African Whitebacked Vultures (Pseudogyps africanus) and to compare values to those previously documented for the Cape Griffon Vulture (Gyps coprotheres). The percentage of polymorphic .loci (P = 34.15%, 0.99 criterion) and average heterozygosity (17 = 0.108, ±0.032) calculated for P. africanus, confirm low levels of genetic -variation as reported for G. coprotheres. Blood samples' obtained from Lappetfaced (Torgos, tracheliotos) and Egyptian (Neophron percnopterus) Vultures enabled an evaluation of the genetic differentiation among the four southern African vulture species from allele frequency data assessed at 19 presumptive gene loci. Six (31.58%) of the 19 shared loci were polymorphic. Values of 1.26 (10.1), 26.32% and 0.076 (±0.047) for P.'africanus, 1.21 (±0.1), 21.05% and 0.097 (±0.045) for T. tracheliotos, 1.11 (±0.7), 21.05%. and 0.053 .(±0.053) for N: percnopterus and 1.05 (±0.5), 5.26% and 0.044 (±0.047) for G. coprotheres were obtained for the mean number of alleles per locus, P and Ti respectively. An average between-population fixigion index (FsT) value of 0.322 was obtained, which is indicative of significant (P < 0.01) differentiation between the four accipitrid species studied. Reference values for some haematological and plasma chemical parameters were established in 33 apparently normal, free-living, African Whitebacked Vulture nestlings. This .information can be. used in future ornithological research. A total of 27 variables . were examined, which include: leucocyte and erythrocyte counts, haemoglobin concentration, .haematocrit, haematimetric indices, glucose, creatinine, urea, total prOtein, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, cholesterol, total lipids, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, cholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, chloride, potassium, sodium and osmolarity. Only five parameters exhibited statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences between the two populations assayed. The Sandveld population showed elevated mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and alkaline phosphatase levels relative to the Dronfield population, whereas, the latter group displayed higher erythrocyte counts and potassium and sodium values than birds from the Sandveld community. Gaschromatography was used to establish the presence of quantifiable . residues .of 14 persistent chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants in whole blood, clotted blood, heart, kidney, liver, bone, fat and muscle samples obtained from individual African Whitebacked, Cape. Griffon and Lappetfaced Vultures from different localities in South Africa. Concentrations of seven essential elements (Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) and four toxic metals (Al, Ni, Pb and Sr) were, furthermore, measured. The levels of pollutants measured in whole blood samples of live specimens were compared between nestlings from two natural breeding colonies, adults from a wildlife area and birds held in captivity.…

Subjects/Keywords: Vultures - Africa; Vultures - Physiology - Africa; Vultures - Toxicology - Africa; Biochemical genetics.; Heavy metals - Toxicology - Africa

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Van Wyk, E. (2012). Biochemical genetics, physiology and ecotoxicology of Southern African vulture species. (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7463

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Van Wyk, Erika. “Biochemical genetics, physiology and ecotoxicology of Southern African vulture species.” 2012. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7463.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Van Wyk, Erika. “Biochemical genetics, physiology and ecotoxicology of Southern African vulture species.” 2012. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Van Wyk E. Biochemical genetics, physiology and ecotoxicology of Southern African vulture species. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7463.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Van Wyk E. Biochemical genetics, physiology and ecotoxicology of Southern African vulture species. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7463

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

6. Bosch, Adina Cornelia. Status of mercury and other heavy metals in South African marine fish species.

Degree: PhD, Food Science, 2015, Stellenbosch University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97964

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ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Fish is an important food source in South Africa as it is globally, thus the importance of determining and monitoring its safety in… (more)

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ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Fish is an important food source in South Africa as it is globally, thus the importance of determining and monitoring its safety in terms of metal contaminants and consumer safety. Effective methodology for analysing total metal concentrations and toxic metal components together with representative sampling protocol for sampling individual fish and larger catches are therefore required for accurate assessment of meat safety. Both inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to ICP-MS was validated as effective methods for accurately determining concentrations of total metals and individual Hg species, respectively. Consequently, it was found that total mercury loads in fish meat consisted mainly of toxic methylmercury (MeHg) components with a minor addition of an inorganic Hg (iHg) component and ethylmercury concentrations being negligible. This proportion of MeHg to iHg varied between muscle types in yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), with higher iHg concentrations in dark muscle than in white muscle, whereas the toxic MeHg concentrations did not vary across the carcass. The MeHg to tHg relationship was caused to vary with variation in fish weight, being described by the following prediction model: 𝑐𝑀𝑒𝐻𝑔=0.073+1.365∙𝑐𝑡𝐻𝑔−0.008∙𝑤; taking into account fish weight as covariate. For the eight other fish species studied [blacktail (Diplodus sargus capensis), hottentot (Pachymetopon blochii), yellowtail (Seriola lalandi), snoek (Thyrsites atun), blue shark (Prionace glauca), shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), soupfin (Galeorhinus galeus) and smoothhound (Mustelus mustelus)], the relationships between MeHg and tHg were constant even with varying fish sizes as iHg components were considered an insignificant portion of tHg (ctHg = cMeHg). The tHg measurements could therefore be used as accurate indicators of MeHg concentrations without requiring addition speciation analyses. Sampling from the cephalic region of the dorsal white muscle tissue proves representative of the entire edible portions (white muscle) of larger fish (tuna and sharks spp.) for determining both total metal concentrations and toxic Hg components. Where Hg concentrations are positively correlated to fish size (yellowfin tuna, yellowtail and soupfin), subsamples should include individuals representing the entire size range present per catch. A summary of metal concentrations in all eight species studied indicate that Hg is the main metal of concern where a single portion of certain fish (yellowfin tuna, shortfin mako, soupfin and smoothhound shark) consumed per week could exceed regulatory limits for safe Hg intake, whereas other fish species (hottentot) could be consumed daily without concern of Hg toxicity. Information provided by this study will prove useful to both the fishing and processing industry as well as to health authorities providing information for dietary exposure assessments.

AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vis word gesien as ‘n belangrike voedsel bron in Suid-Afrika…

Advisors/Committee Members: Hoffman, Louwrens C., Sigge, Gunnar O., Kerwath, Sven E., O’Neill, Bernadette, Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Agrisciences. Dept. of Food Science..

Subjects/Keywords: Fishes – Effect of heavy metals on; Mercury – Environmental aspects; Heavy metals – Toxicology; UCTD

15 more images…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bosch, A. C. (2015). Status of mercury and other heavy metals in South African marine fish species. (Doctoral Dissertation). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97964

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bosch, Adina Cornelia. “Status of mercury and other heavy metals in South African marine fish species.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Stellenbosch University. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97964.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bosch, Adina Cornelia. “Status of mercury and other heavy metals in South African marine fish species.” 2015. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bosch AC. Status of mercury and other heavy metals in South African marine fish species. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97964.

Council of Science Editors:

Bosch AC. Status of mercury and other heavy metals in South African marine fish species. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97964

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

7. Guan, Rui. Bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals to the cladoceran daphnia magna in relation to CD exposure history.

Degree: 2006, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-2698 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b924218 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-2698/1/th_redirect.html

► The cladoceran Daphnia magna is widely used in freshwater bioassessments and ecological risk assessments. This study designed a series of experiments employing radiotracer methodology to… (more)

▼ The cladoceran Daphnia magna is widely used in freshwater bioassessments and ecological risk assessments. This study designed a series of experiments employing radiotracer methodology to quantify the trace metals (mainly Cd and Zn) biokinetics in D. magna under different environmental and biological conditions and to investigate the influences of different Cd exposure histories on the bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals to D. magna. A bioenergetic-based kinetic model was finally applied in predicting the Cd accumulation dynamics in D. magna and the model's validity under non-steady state was assessed. Cd assimilation was found in this study to be influenced by the food characteristics (e.g., metal concentration in food particles), the metal exposure history of the animals, and the genetic characteristics. Some of these influences could be interpreted by the capacity and/or competition of those metal binding sites within the digestive tract and/or the detoxifying proteins metallothionein (MT). My study demonstrated a significant induction of MT in response to Cd exposure and it was the dominant fraction in sequestering the internal nonessential trace metals in D. magna. The ratio of Cd body burden to MT might better predict the Cd toxicity on the digestion systems of D. magna than the Cd tissue burden alone within one-generational exposure to Cd. It was found that metal elimination (rate constant and contribution of different release routes) was independent of the food concentration and the dietary metal concentration, implying that the elimination may not be metabolically controlled. The incorporation of the bioenergetic-based kinetic model, especially under non-steady state, is invaluable in helping to understand the fate of trace metals in aquatic systems and potential environmental risks. The dependence of biokinetic parameters on environmental factors rather than on genotypes implies a great potential of using biokinetics in inter-laboratory comparisons.

Subjects/Keywords: Daphnia magna ; Metals – Bioavailability ; Metals – Toxicology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Guan, R. (2006). Bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals to the cladoceran daphnia magna in relation to CD exposure history. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-2698 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b924218 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-2698/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guan, Rui. “Bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals to the cladoceran daphnia magna in relation to CD exposure history.” 2006. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-2698 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b924218 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-2698/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guan, Rui. “Bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals to the cladoceran daphnia magna in relation to CD exposure history.” 2006. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Guan R. Bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals to the cladoceran daphnia magna in relation to CD exposure history. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-2698 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b924218 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-2698/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Guan R. Bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals to the cladoceran daphnia magna in relation to CD exposure history. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2006. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-2698 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b924218 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-2698/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

8. Dang, Fei. Dietary metal exposure of marine fish and its toxicological significance.

Degree: 2011, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7338 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1155743 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7338/1/th_redirect.html

► Seafood safety has evoked worldwide concerns about metal bioaccumulation in marine fish, either in wild or farmed fish. Consumption of wild captured fish is usually… (more)

▼ Seafood safety has evoked worldwide concerns about metal bioaccumulation in marine fish, either in wild or farmed fish. Consumption of wild captured fish is usually a dominant mercury source for humans. Our results showed that mercury bioaccumulation can be influenced by mercury speciation in prey, the presence of Se, and fish body size. Subcellular fractionation of mercury in natural prey distinguished bioavailability of different Hg species. Hg(II) associated with the insoluble fraction was less bioavailable than that in soluble fraction, whereas MeHg in each fraction had comparable bioavailability. Basic biokinetic measurements revealed that Se had direct interaction with Hg(II) during dietary assimilation but not with MeHg, and that different Se species had variable effects on Hg(II) assimilation. As a result, the presence of Se in prey could reduce Hg(II) accumulation. Hg(II) and MeHg concentrations in field-collected fish were related to 0.19 and 0.33 power of fish size, respectively. Among the examined kinetic parameters, both growth rate and elimination rate constant differences were sufficient to explain most of the size-dependent mercury accumulation. In addition to mercury bioaccumulation in wild marine fish, the commercial fish diet contaminated by Cd and Cu also pose potential risks to public health. After 28-day exposure to Cd-contaminated diet, hepatic metallothionein (MT) induction and subcellular Cd redistribution suggested that fish suffered from sublethal toxicity from dietary Cd. Likewise, MT induction rather than uptake kinetics modification played a critical role during dissolved Cu acclimation. After quantifying Cu uptake kinetics in marine fish, we further assessed dietary Cu toxicity and unified exposure, accumulation and toxicity from water and food. Influx rate provided a standardized assessment of Cu accumulation in fish tissues and accommodated differential effects from both uptake pathways. Furthermore, gill Cu levels could serve as a good indicator of chronic Cu toxicity, allowing for differences in the relative importance of uptake pathways in different field situations. To conclude, this study is largely driven by the mounting international concerns about seafood safety, delineating that metal species in the prey, biological factors and exposure routes could greatly affect metal bioaccumulation and consequential toxicity. Compared to the well-known waterborne exposure, this study provides a first step towards the underlying mechanisms of dietary metal accumulation and its toxic effects in marine fish. On one hand, it provides valuable information to help reduce metal levels in marine fish to safety levels for public health, by revealing critical factors controlling metal bioaccumulation. On the other hand, this study indicates that current water quality criteria without consideration of dietary exposure under-protect the aquatic organisms.

Subjects/Keywords: Marine fishes – Effect of heavy metals on ; Marine fishes – Mercury content ; Metals – Toxicology ; Seafood – Contamination

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dang, F. (2011). Dietary metal exposure of marine fish and its toxicological significance. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7338 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1155743 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7338/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dang, Fei. “Dietary metal exposure of marine fish and its toxicological significance.” 2011. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7338 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1155743 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7338/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dang, Fei. “Dietary metal exposure of marine fish and its toxicological significance.” 2011. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dang F. Dietary metal exposure of marine fish and its toxicological significance. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7338 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1155743 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7338/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dang F. Dietary metal exposure of marine fish and its toxicological significance. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2011. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7338 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1155743 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7338/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cape Peninsula University of Technology

9. Nkqenkqa, Vuyiseka. Metal and microbial contamination of agricultural soil and the Veldwachters River, Stellenbosch, South Africa .

Degree: 2017, Cape Peninsula University of Technology

URL: http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2423

► Surface water is used as a source of water supply in many countries, including South Africa. One of the sources of surface water pollution is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Soils – Heavy metal content; Rivers – Effect of heavy metals on; Metals – Environmental aspects; Metals – Toxicology; Soil pollution

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nkqenkqa, V. (2017). Metal and microbial contamination of agricultural soil and the Veldwachters River, Stellenbosch, South Africa . (Thesis). Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Retrieved from http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2423

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nkqenkqa, Vuyiseka. “Metal and microbial contamination of agricultural soil and the Veldwachters River, Stellenbosch, South Africa .” 2017. Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2423.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nkqenkqa, Vuyiseka. “Metal and microbial contamination of agricultural soil and the Veldwachters River, Stellenbosch, South Africa .” 2017. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Nkqenkqa V. Metal and microbial contamination of agricultural soil and the Veldwachters River, Stellenbosch, South Africa . [Internet] [Thesis]. Cape Peninsula University of Technology; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2423.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nkqenkqa V. Metal and microbial contamination of agricultural soil and the Veldwachters River, Stellenbosch, South Africa . [Thesis]. Cape Peninsula University of Technology; 2017. Available from: http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2423

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Alberta

10. Beck, Elizabeth M. Effects of Oil Sands Process-Affected Water on Waterfowl.

Degree: MS, Department of Biological Sciences, 2014, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/sx61dm979

► The oil sands landscape in northern Alberta is interspersed with large tailings ponds that hold wastewater from bitumen mining and extraction processes. Recent monitoring results… (more)

▼ The oil sands landscape in northern Alberta is interspersed with large tailings ponds that hold wastewater from bitumen mining and extraction processes. Recent monitoring results indicate that annually many thousands of birds, mostly migrating waterfowl, land on the ponds associated with this industry, but very few appear to die because of that contact. Mortalities are typically associated with bitumen exposure, which coats bird feathers to prevent flight, flotation, and thermoregulation. The recent awareness that many birds land creates an urgent need to understand the sublethal effects of contact with other pond constituents such as naphthenic acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and metals. In this thesis, I reviewed the toxicological effects on birds of exposure to oil sands process-affected water and inferred potential toxicities of untested effects using a broader literature. There are few descriptions in the peer-reviewed literature of these effects, but some studies suggest that exposure to it causes reproductive disorders, alterations in endocrine and immune function, and changes in growth, metabolism, and population structure. To address the paucity of studies on waterfowl, I conducted a field experiment to emulate the repeated, short-term exposures to process-affected water that migrating water birds might experience in the oil sands. Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domestica) were exposed to recycled process-affected water without visible bitumen. Each exposure consisted of placing an individual bird in a plastic tub containing approximately 15 L of either process-affected water or tap water (controls) for 6–8 hours. Birds were exposed three times as juveniles and six times as adults. I assessed toxicity by evaluating body mass and a suite of biochemical, endocrinological, and hematological analytes as well as metal residues in the birds. Results provided little evidence of toxicity. Relative to controls, juvenile birds exposed to process-affected water had higher potassium, and lower bicarbonate and cholesterol following the final exposure period, and juvenile males had a higher thyroid hormone ratio (T3/T4). Adult birds exposed to process-affected water had higher levels of vanadium and lower gamma-glutamyl transferase, and, following the final exposure period, higher bicarbonate. Adult female treated birds had higher bile acid, globulin, and molybdenum levels, whereas adult males exhibited higher levels of corticosterone. However, even for the analytes that differed significantly, means were within standard reference intervals for birds, suggesting the absence of significant biological or toxicological effects. While it is premature to assume that ponds containing recycled water are not toxic to birds, the literature review combined with my own field experiment suggest that these ponds are substantially less dangerous than ponds containing bitumen and fresh tailings. More work will be needed to determine the generality of these results. However, for ponds that are not acutely lethal to birds and do…

Subjects/Keywords: Endocrinology; Oil sands; OSPW; Hematology; Biochemistry; Mallard; Metals; Waterfowl; Bird; Toxicology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Beck, E. M. (2014). Effects of Oil Sands Process-Affected Water on Waterfowl. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/sx61dm979

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Beck, Elizabeth M. “Effects of Oil Sands Process-Affected Water on Waterfowl.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed January 21, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/sx61dm979.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Beck, Elizabeth M. “Effects of Oil Sands Process-Affected Water on Waterfowl.” 2014. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Beck EM. Effects of Oil Sands Process-Affected Water on Waterfowl. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/sx61dm979.

Council of Science Editors:

Beck EM. Effects of Oil Sands Process-Affected Water on Waterfowl. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 2014. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/sx61dm979

Cape Peninsula University of Technology

11. Arnolds, Judith Lize. Oxidative stress responses in the aquatic macrophyte, Ceratophyllum Demersum L., as biomarkers of metal exposure .

Degree: 2017, Cape Peninsula University of Technology

URL: http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2649

► Metal pollution in aquatic environments is considered a major environmental concern because of variation in several abiotic factors that impose severe restrictions on organisms living… (more)

▼ Metal pollution in aquatic environments is considered a major environmental concern because of variation in several abiotic factors that impose severe restrictions on organisms living in these areas. Ceratophyllum demersum L. (family Ceratophyllaceae), a hornwort or coontail, free floating rootless macrophyte has been suggested a suitable model for investigating metal stress and was used in the current study. This study assessed the use of selected biological responses, namely antioxidant responses and changes in chlorophyll concentration in Ceratophyllum demersum L., as biomarkers of metal exposure, and also investigated the field application of these responses in the Diep River. The ultimate aim was also to determine the usefulness of C. demersum as model of metal contamination and as phytoremediator after a pollution event. An investigation of metal bioaccumulation in this macrophyte exposed to different concentrations of a combination of metals over a five-week exposure period in a greenhouse, was undertaken, as well as a field study in the Diep River, Milnerton, Cape Town and a pond (reference site) at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, to validate experimental results. In the laboratory study the water was contaminated once off at the beginning of the study, to simulate a pollution event. The metal concentrations in the water and plants were measured in the four treatments and the control every week over a five-week exposure period. The samples were acid-digested and analysed with an Inductively-Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrophotometer (ICP-MS). The results showed that concentrations of the metals in the water varied in all treatments over time with no specific patterns amongst the treatment groups. This macrophyte proved highly effective in the bioaccumulation of these metals at all four exposure concentrations. The metals bioaccumulated rapidly in the plants after the water was spiked. The main focus of the study was to investigate the possible use of biochemical responses in C. demersum as possible biomarkers for metal exposure. A range of antioxidant/oxidative stress parameters were measured in the plant exposed to a combination of metals (Al, Cu, Fe, Zn) in four different treatments over the five week exposure period. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured using Total Polyphenols (TP), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity assay (ORAC), enzyme activity was determined using Catalase (CAT), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Ascorbate Acid (AsA) and Total Glutathione (GSHt) and lipid peroxidation was measured by using Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and Conjugated Dienes (CDs). The cocktail of the four metals induced significant changes in the antioxidant defence system of C. demersum, including the antioxidant enzyme activities. The different metal exposures disturbed the cellular redox status in the plant. The current study has demonstrated that this macrophyte shows tolerance to metal-induced oxidative stress and that it can… Advisors/Committee Members: Snyman, RG (advisor), Odendaal, JP (advisor), Marnewick, JL (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Metals – Environmental aspects; Water – Pollution – Toxicology; Biochemical markers; Environmental monitoring

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APA (6^th Edition):

Arnolds, J. L. (2017). Oxidative stress responses in the aquatic macrophyte, Ceratophyllum Demersum L., as biomarkers of metal exposure . (Thesis). Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Retrieved from http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2649

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Arnolds, Judith Lize. “Oxidative stress responses in the aquatic macrophyte, Ceratophyllum Demersum L., as biomarkers of metal exposure .” 2017. Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2649.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Arnolds, Judith Lize. “Oxidative stress responses in the aquatic macrophyte, Ceratophyllum Demersum L., as biomarkers of metal exposure .” 2017. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Arnolds JL. Oxidative stress responses in the aquatic macrophyte, Ceratophyllum Demersum L., as biomarkers of metal exposure . [Internet] [Thesis]. Cape Peninsula University of Technology; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2649.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Arnolds JL. Oxidative stress responses in the aquatic macrophyte, Ceratophyllum Demersum L., as biomarkers of metal exposure . [Thesis]. Cape Peninsula University of Technology; 2017. Available from: http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2649

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Univerzitet u Beogradu

12. Janković, Saša D., 1972-. Procena rizika pri ekspoziciji organohalogenim kontaminantima i teškim metalima putem hrane.

Degree: Farmaceutski fakultet, 2016, Univerzitet u Beogradu

URL: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:10535/bdef:Content/get

►

Farmacija- Toksikološka hemija / Pharmacy- Toxicological chemistry

Zadatak svih činilaca uključenih u proizvodnju hrane je da stvore uslove da hrana koja dolazi do potrošača bude… (more)

▼

Farmacija- Toksikološka hemija / Pharmacy- Toxicological chemistry

Zadatak svih činilaca uključenih u proizvodnju hrane je da stvore uslove da hrana koja dolazi do potrošača bude bezbedna. Ocena bezbednosti hrane, između ostalog, podrazumeva i procenu rizika od supstanci prisutnih u hrani, naročito od onih koje nemaju gradivnu ili fiziološku vrednost. U realnim okolnostima ljudi su preko hrane istovremeno izloženi delovanju brojnih ksenobiotika, pa i teških metala i organohalogenih jedinjenja koji su odabrani za proučavanje u ovoj studiji. Pored procene rizika zasnovane na ispitivanju svakog pojedinačnog kontaminanta, cilj ove studije je bio i sprovođenje integrativne procene rizika poređenjem toksičnih efekata pojedinačnih kontaminanata i njihove smeše zbog istovremene izloženosti ovim toksičnim supstancama. Pretpostavka je da, iako ne postoji rizik pri izloženosti pojedinačnim toksičnim supstancama, integralni pristup proceni izloženosti može da ukaže na povećan rizik. Svi uzorci ispitanih namirnica su bili u skladu sa važećim propisom, sa izuzetkom jednog uzorka ribe (Hg) i 16 uzoraka kakaoa (Cd). Kadmijum je detektovan u najvećem broju vrsta namirnica kao i u najvećem broju ispitanih uzoraka; organohalogena jedinjenja su detektovana isključivo u namirnicama animalnog porekla – DDT u mleku, proizvodima od mleka i ribi, a ndl-PCB i PBDE isključivo u ribi. Najviše koncentracije kadmijuma dokazane su u lignjama i školjkama, žive u rečnim ribama, olova u čajevima i začinima, DDT u slatkovodnoj ribi a ndl-PCB i PBDE u morskoj ribi. Zbog značajnog udela u ishrani glavni izvor ekspozicije kadmijumu u sve tri posmatrane grupe bile su žitarice i povrće. Unos žive bio je dominantno preko ribe, a olova preko žitarica, voća i povrća. Determinističkom metodologijom dokazan je povećan rizik od unosa ispitanih kontaminanata u prosečnoj opštoj populaciji, populaciji na mediteranskoj dijeti i populaciji dece samo za ndl-PCB. Pored ndl-PCB, probabilističkom metodologijom je procenjen povećan rizik i od unosa Cd za prosečno izloženu populaciju sve tri ispitivane grupe...

Advisors/Committee Members: Antonijević, Biljana, 1964-.

Subjects/Keywords: heavy metals; organohalogenated compounds; risk assessment; cytotoxicity; toxicology of mixtures

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APA (6^th Edition):

Janković, Saša D., 1. (2016). Procena rizika pri ekspoziciji organohalogenim kontaminantima i teškim metalima putem hrane. (Thesis). Univerzitet u Beogradu. Retrieved from https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:10535/bdef:Content/get

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Janković, Saša D., 1972-. “Procena rizika pri ekspoziciji organohalogenim kontaminantima i teškim metalima putem hrane.” 2016. Thesis, Univerzitet u Beogradu. Accessed January 21, 2021. https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:10535/bdef:Content/get.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Janković, Saša D., 1972-. “Procena rizika pri ekspoziciji organohalogenim kontaminantima i teškim metalima putem hrane.” 2016. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Janković, Saša D. 1. Procena rizika pri ekspoziciji organohalogenim kontaminantima i teškim metalima putem hrane. [Internet] [Thesis]. Univerzitet u Beogradu; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:10535/bdef:Content/get.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Janković, Saša D. 1. Procena rizika pri ekspoziciji organohalogenim kontaminantima i teškim metalima putem hrane. [Thesis]. Univerzitet u Beogradu; 2016. Available from: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:10535/bdef:Content/get

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Arizona

13. Zheng, Wei. Defense of mammalian body against heavy metal-induced toxicities: Sequestration by the choroid plexus and elimination via the bile .

Degree: 1991, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185389

► Tissue sequestration and biliary elimination are two of the important mechanisms by which mammalian body defends against heavy metal insults. In rats or rabbits that… (more)

▼ Tissue sequestration and biliary elimination are two of the important mechanisms by which mammalian body defends against heavy metal insults. In rats or rabbits that had received Pb, Cd, Hg, As and ²¹⁰Po, these metal ions were sequestered in the choroid plexus at concentrations of Pb, Cd, Hg, As and Po that were 57, 33, 12, 13 and 5 times higher, respectively, than those found in the brain cortex. In addition, the concentrations of these heavy metal ions were many fold greater in the choroid plexus than in the CSF or blood. The accumulation of Pb in the choroid plexus was dose-dependent and time-related. When the choroid plexus was incubated, in vitro, with ouabain, the latter significantly inhibited the uptake of Cd from the CSF side of the choroid plexus. Cystine concentration was four times greater in the choroid plexus than in brain cortex. Results suggest that the choroid plexus sequesters toxic metal and metalloid ions. It appears to do this in order to protect the CSF and brain from toxic heavy metals in the blood. The effect of N-(2,3-dimercaptopropyl) phthalamidic acid (DMPA), meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and 2,3-dimercapto-1-propane sulfonic acid (DMPS) on biliary excretion of Cd was studied in rat chronic intoxication mode. DMPA (0.10 mmol/kg, iv), when given to rats three days after exposure to Cd, elicited within 30 min a 20-fold increase in biliary Cd excretion. GSH in rat bile was also increased three fold as compared to control. Neither DMSA nor DMPS increased biliary Cd or GSH. Upon iv administration, DMPA, not DMSA, appeared in bile. An altered, presumably disulfide, form of DMPS was also found in bile. Incubation of DMPA or DMSA with Cd-saturated MT resulted in the removal of Cd from MT. DMPS, however, promoted the formation of MT polymers. DMPA protected biliary GSH from autoxidation. Gel filtration and autoradiographic study of rat bile samples showed that the radioactivity of Cd was correlated with both GSH and DMPA. The evidence supports the mechanism that the increase of biliary Cd by DMPA is the result of DMPA entering cells and removing Cd from MT. Protection of GSH autoxidation by DMPA may facilitate Cd elimination via the bile. Advisors/Committee Members: Aposhian, H. Vasken (advisor), Carter, Dean E. (committeemember), Brendel, Klaus (committeemember), Halpert, James R. (committeemember), Laird, Hugh E., II (committeemember).

Subjects/Keywords: Dissertations, Academic; Metals – Toxicology.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zheng, W. (1991). Defense of mammalian body against heavy metal-induced toxicities: Sequestration by the choroid plexus and elimination via the bile . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185389

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zheng, Wei. “Defense of mammalian body against heavy metal-induced toxicities: Sequestration by the choroid plexus and elimination via the bile .” 1991. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185389.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zheng, Wei. “Defense of mammalian body against heavy metal-induced toxicities: Sequestration by the choroid plexus and elimination via the bile .” 1991. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Zheng W. Defense of mammalian body against heavy metal-induced toxicities: Sequestration by the choroid plexus and elimination via the bile . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1991. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185389.

Council of Science Editors:

Zheng W. Defense of mammalian body against heavy metal-induced toxicities: Sequestration by the choroid plexus and elimination via the bile . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1991. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185389

University of Washington

14. Williams, Chase Rockwell. Mechanisms and biomarkers of cadmium induced neurobehavioral impairment in the olfactory system of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).

Degree: PhD, 2016, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/35577

► Pacific salmon populations on the west coast of the U.S. are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic activities. One potential factor driving the population declines is disruption… (more)

▼ Pacific salmon populations on the west coast of the U.S. are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic activities. One potential factor driving the population declines is disruption of olfactory function via waterborne pollutants. The salmon olfactory system is highly susceptible to disruption by waterborne pollutants such as metals. A majority of the current research has focused on the olfactory toxicity of waterborne copper, while other metals such as cadmium (Cd) have gone relatively understudied. This is a large concern as Cd is a common pollutant in many urban and agricultural waterways, some of which can be important salmon migratory routes. For my doctoral research, I focused on understanding the mechanisms underlying Cd mediated olfactory dysfunction using juvenile coho salmon parr (Oncorhynchus kisutch). The research goals for aim 1 of my project were to analyze olfactory-mediated alarm responses, epithelial injury and recovery, and a suite of olfactory molecular biomarkers encoding genes critical in maintaining olfactory function in juvenile coho salmon receiving acute exposures to Cd. The mRNA molecular biomarkers analyzed included four G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) representing the two major classes of odorant receptors, as well as markers of neurite outgrowth and metal/antioxidant responses to metals. Coho received acute (8-168hr) exposures to 3.7 µg/L and 347 µg/L Cd, and a subset of fish was analyzed following a 16-day depuration. Coho exposed to 347 µg/L Cd over 48hrs exhibited a reduction in freeze responses, and an extensive loss of olfaction accompanied by histological injury to the olfactory epithelium. The olfactory injury in coho exposed to 347 µg/L Cd was accompanied at the gene level by significant decreases in expression of the olfactory GPCRs and increased expression of metal and antioxidant response markers. Persistent behavioral deficits, histological injury and altered expression of a subset of olfactory biomarkers were still evident in Cd-exposed coho following a 16-day depuration in clean water. Exposure to 3.7 µg/L Cd also resulted in reduced freeze responses and histological changes to the olfactory epithelium within 48hrs of Cd exposure, although the extent of olfactory injury was less severe than observed for fish in the high Cd exposure group. Furthermore, adverse behavioral effects were present in some coho receiving the low Cd exposure following a 16-day depuration. Based on these findings, the goals for Aim 2 of my research were to investigate the toxicity of Cd on salmon olfactory function that modeled a transient sub-chronic exposure scenario. Coho were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of waterborne Cd (0.3, 2, and 30 µg/L) for 48hrs and 16 days, followed by a 16-day depuration. Exposures to Cd significantly and persistently altered behavioral responses towards L-cysteine and conspecific odorants. Behavioral alterations following exposure to 30 µg/L Cd were associated with increased olfactory epithelial gene expression of stress markers metallothionein… Advisors/Committee Members: Gallagher, Evan P (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Behavior; Cadmium; Metals; Neurotoxic; Olfactory; Salmon; Toxicology; Environmental health; environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Williams, C. R. (2016). Mechanisms and biomarkers of cadmium induced neurobehavioral impairment in the olfactory system of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/35577

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Williams, Chase Rockwell. “Mechanisms and biomarkers of cadmium induced neurobehavioral impairment in the olfactory system of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Washington. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/35577.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Williams, Chase Rockwell. “Mechanisms and biomarkers of cadmium induced neurobehavioral impairment in the olfactory system of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).” 2016. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Williams CR. Mechanisms and biomarkers of cadmium induced neurobehavioral impairment in the olfactory system of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Washington; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/35577.

Council of Science Editors:

Williams CR. Mechanisms and biomarkers of cadmium induced neurobehavioral impairment in the olfactory system of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Washington; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/35577

East Carolina University

15. Johnsrude, Matthew J. The CDF-type metal efflux protein EmfA is essential for Brucella abortus 2308 resistance to manganese toxicity and is a critical virulence determinant in experimentally-infected mice.

Degree: MS, MS-Molecular Biology & Biotech, 2019, East Carolina University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7276

► Divalent cationic metals are important trace nutrients for all bacteria because metals serve as cofactors for proteins involved in numerous cellular functions. Despite the fact… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: EmfA; Mur; Brucella abortus; Proteins; Manganese; Metals – Toxicology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Johnsrude, M. J. (2019). The CDF-type metal efflux protein EmfA is essential for Brucella abortus 2308 resistance to manganese toxicity and is a critical virulence determinant in experimentally-infected mice. (Masters Thesis). East Carolina University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7276

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johnsrude, Matthew J. “The CDF-type metal efflux protein EmfA is essential for Brucella abortus 2308 resistance to manganese toxicity and is a critical virulence determinant in experimentally-infected mice.” 2019. Masters Thesis, East Carolina University. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7276.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johnsrude, Matthew J. “The CDF-type metal efflux protein EmfA is essential for Brucella abortus 2308 resistance to manganese toxicity and is a critical virulence determinant in experimentally-infected mice.” 2019. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Johnsrude MJ. The CDF-type metal efflux protein EmfA is essential for Brucella abortus 2308 resistance to manganese toxicity and is a critical virulence determinant in experimentally-infected mice. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. East Carolina University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7276.

Council of Science Editors:

Johnsrude MJ. The CDF-type metal efflux protein EmfA is essential for Brucella abortus 2308 resistance to manganese toxicity and is a critical virulence determinant in experimentally-infected mice. [Masters Thesis]. East Carolina University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7276

16. Les, Albin Paul. A study of the toxic effects and binding capacity for the heavy metals cadmium, copper, and zinc by the blue-green alga Chroococcus paris.

Degree: Plant & Soil Sciences, 1983, University of Massachusetts

URL: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/3372

Subjects/Keywords: Heavy metals Toxicology; Phytoplankton.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Les, A. P. (1983). A study of the toxic effects and binding capacity for the heavy metals cadmium, copper, and zinc by the blue-green alga Chroococcus paris. (Thesis). University of Massachusetts. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/3372

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Les, Albin Paul. “A study of the toxic effects and binding capacity for the heavy metals cadmium, copper, and zinc by the blue-green alga Chroococcus paris.” 1983. Thesis, University of Massachusetts. Accessed January 21, 2021. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/3372.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Les, Albin Paul. “A study of the toxic effects and binding capacity for the heavy metals cadmium, copper, and zinc by the blue-green alga Chroococcus paris.” 1983. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Les AP. A study of the toxic effects and binding capacity for the heavy metals cadmium, copper, and zinc by the blue-green alga Chroococcus paris. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Massachusetts; 1983. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/3372.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Les AP. A study of the toxic effects and binding capacity for the heavy metals cadmium, copper, and zinc by the blue-green alga Chroococcus paris. [Thesis]. University of Massachusetts; 1983. Available from: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/3372

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Arizona

17. Yellowhair, Monica. The Chemical-Induced Genotoxicity of Depleted Uranium .

Degree: 2011, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202509

► Uranium has been mined for many years and used for fuel for nuclear reactors and materials for atomic weapons, ammunition, and armor. While the radioactivity… (more)

▼ Uranium has been mined for many years and used for fuel for nuclear reactors and materials for atomic weapons, ammunition, and armor. While the radioactivity associated with uranium mining has been linked to the development of lung and kidney cancers, and leukemia, little is known about the direct chemical genotoxicity of uranium. The overall hypothesis of the current research is that uranium can produce DNA damage by chemical genotoxicity mechanisms. Three specific aims were tested. In Aim 1, specific DNA lesions caused by direct interaction of uranium and DNA were investigated. Chinese Hamster Ovary cells (CHO) with mutations in various DNA repair pathways were exposed to 0 – 300 μM of soluble depleted uranium (DU) as uranyl acetate (UA) for 0 – 48 hr. Results indicate that UA readily enters CHO cells, with the highest concentration localizing in the nucleus. Clonogenics assay shows that UA is cytotoxic in each cell line with the greatest cytotoxicity in the base excision repair deficient EM9 cells and the nuclear excision repair deficient UV5 cells compared to the non-homologous end joining deficient V3.3 cells and the parental AA8 cells after 48 hr. This indicates that UA is forming DNA adducts that may be producing single strand breaks through hydrolysis rather than double strand breaks in CHO cells. Fast Micromethod® results indicate an increased amount of single strand breaks in the EM9 cells after 48 hr UA exposure compared to the V3.3 and AA8 cells. In Aim 2, the role of oxidative stress in producing DNA lesions was determined. Cellular oxidative stress has been implicated in the genotoxicity of many heavy metals as a mechanism of induced DNA damage. To investigate this possible mechanism, human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o⁻) were exposed to 30 ppb (0.13 μM U) UA for 2 – 24 hr. UA did not significantly induce oxidative stress compared to untreated cells at 3 – 4 hr time points. These results suggest that cellular oxidative stress is not a major pathway of DU genotoxicity at low concentrations. In Aim 3, DNA damage response to uranium-induced DNA damage was investigated. It has been widely reported that metals can be genotoxic by inhibiting DNA repair. Cultured cells were co-exposed to 0.13 μM UA in the presence of 0 – 25 μM of etoposide for 0 – 48 hr. Results indicate that UA inhibited double strand break repair. Coexposures of etoposide and UA synergistically induced cytotoxicity compared to individual treatments and untreated cells. Co-exposed UA and etoposide treated 16HBE14o⁻ cells exhibited a decrease in phosphorylation of DNA repair proteins compared to etoposide treatments. Untreated and UA-treated 16HBE14o⁻ cells did not induce phosphorylation of DNA repair proteins. These results suggest that DU inhibits double strand break DNA repair at low concentrations in the presence of a known DNA double-strand damaging agent, etoposide. The inhibition of DNA repair by DU at environmentally relevant concentrations suggests a novel means by which uranium may exert its genotoxic effects. Results found at… Advisors/Committee Members: Lantz, Robert C (advisor), Gandolfi, A. Jay (committeemember), Vaillancourt, Richard R. (committeemember), Martinez, Jesse (committeemember), Briehl, Margaret (committeemember), Lantz, R. Clark (committeemember).

Subjects/Keywords: genotoxicity; metals; Pharmacology & Toxicology; depleted uranium; DNA damage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yellowhair, M. (2011). The Chemical-Induced Genotoxicity of Depleted Uranium . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202509

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yellowhair, Monica. “The Chemical-Induced Genotoxicity of Depleted Uranium .” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202509.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yellowhair, Monica. “The Chemical-Induced Genotoxicity of Depleted Uranium .” 2011. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Yellowhair M. The Chemical-Induced Genotoxicity of Depleted Uranium . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202509.

Council of Science Editors:

Yellowhair M. The Chemical-Induced Genotoxicity of Depleted Uranium . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202509

University of Waterloo

18. Isherwood, David. Photoinduced Toxicity of Metals and PAHs to Hyalella azteca: UV-Mediated Toxicity and the Effects of Their Photoproducts.

Degree: 2009, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4396

► Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are a class of common environmental contaminants known to be phototoxic. PAH Photoinduced toxicity is caused by two mechanisms: photomodification and… (more)

▼ Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are a class of common environmental contaminants known to be phototoxic. PAH Photoinduced toxicity is caused by two mechanisms: photomodification and photosensitization. The photomodification process results in modified PAHs, usually via oxygenation, forming new compounds (oxyPAHs), which are often more soluble than their parent PAHs. The process of photosensitization usually leads to the production of singlet oxygen, a reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn is extremely damaging to organic molecules. Both of these processes occur at environmentally relevant levels of actinic radiation. Metals are ubiquitous environmental contaminants found extensively in many aquatic systems. Many metals are toxic at very low levels, and exhibit toxicity via ROS production or via direct binding to a ligand in an organism (Biotic Ligand Model). PAHs and metals often occur as co-contaminants in the environment, and there combined effects have only been examined in a few organisms. The goal of this thesis was to examine the toxicity of PAHs, oxyPAHs, metals and their mixtures to Hyalella azteca in 96 h acute toxicity tests. All of the tests were performed under varying spectra of light; photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), PAR + UVA or simulated solar radiation (SSR) (PAR + UVA radiation + UVB radiation). In addition, chemical exposures in the Dark were performed to assess toxicity in the absence of light. The PAHs chosen represent 3 of the most common PAHs anthracene (ANT), phenanthrene (PHE), benzo(a)anthracene (BAA). The 12 oxyPAHs studied were quinolated analogues of the 3 parent compounds as well as anthraquinone derivatives that are hydroxylated at various positions. The toxicity of the parent PAHs increased in the presence of increasing amounts of actinic radiation. The toxicity of the oxyPAHs also increased as PAR, UVA and UVB was added. Furthermore, most PAHs and oxyPAHs were found to be more toxic than the parent PAHs in the absence of actinic radiation. The metals cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) were used in toxicity tests. These metals were selected based on their high prevalence in aquatic environments and the large amount of data in the published work. The order of metal toxicity in the Dark was Cd > Cu > Zn > Ni. The order of metal toxicity for the PAR and PAR/UV-A regime was Cd = Cu > Ni > Zn. The order of metal toxicity for the SSR treatment was Cu > Cd > Ni > Zn. The toxicity of several metal/PAH mixtures was determined using one of the four metals and ANT, ATQ and 1-hATQ. The mixtures generally had additive toxicity under Dark and PAR lighting regimes. Under SSR lighting most mixtures showed a strictly additive toxicity, however synergistic toxicity was observed for the redox active metals (Cu, Ni) mixed with ANT. In the aquatic environment complex mixtures of PAHs and metals occur. The results of this study illustrate the effects that these mixtures may have on benthic invertebrates.

Subjects/Keywords: Toxicology; PAH; Metals; Hyalella azteca

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APA (6^th Edition):

Isherwood, D. (2009). Photoinduced Toxicity of Metals and PAHs to Hyalella azteca: UV-Mediated Toxicity and the Effects of Their Photoproducts. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4396

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Isherwood, David. “Photoinduced Toxicity of Metals and PAHs to Hyalella azteca: UV-Mediated Toxicity and the Effects of Their Photoproducts.” 2009. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4396.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Isherwood, David. “Photoinduced Toxicity of Metals and PAHs to Hyalella azteca: UV-Mediated Toxicity and the Effects of Their Photoproducts.” 2009. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Isherwood D. Photoinduced Toxicity of Metals and PAHs to Hyalella azteca: UV-Mediated Toxicity and the Effects of Their Photoproducts. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4396.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Isherwood D. Photoinduced Toxicity of Metals and PAHs to Hyalella azteca: UV-Mediated Toxicity and the Effects of Their Photoproducts. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4396

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Montana

19. Anderson, Mary. Aspects of the ecology of two sympatric species of Thamnophis and heavy metal accumulation within the species.

Degree: MS, 1977, University of Montana

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6956

Subjects/Keywords: Garter snakes.; Heavy metals Toxicology.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Anderson, M. (1977). Aspects of the ecology of two sympatric species of Thamnophis and heavy metal accumulation within the species. (Masters Thesis). University of Montana. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6956

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Anderson, Mary. “Aspects of the ecology of two sympatric species of Thamnophis and heavy metal accumulation within the species.” 1977. Masters Thesis, University of Montana. Accessed January 21, 2021. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6956.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Anderson, Mary. “Aspects of the ecology of two sympatric species of Thamnophis and heavy metal accumulation within the species.” 1977. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Anderson M. Aspects of the ecology of two sympatric species of Thamnophis and heavy metal accumulation within the species. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Montana; 1977. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6956.

Council of Science Editors:

Anderson M. Aspects of the ecology of two sympatric species of Thamnophis and heavy metal accumulation within the species. [Masters Thesis]. University of Montana; 1977. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6956

20. Chaipat Lapinee. Determination of cadmium and lead in seafood samples using solid phase extraction and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry .

Degree: Faculty of Science (Analytical Chemistry), 2006, Prince of Songkla University

URL: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2553/1442

Subjects/Keywords: Pesticide residues in food Analysis; Pesticides Toxicology; Metals Toxicology; Food Toxicology; Lead Toxicology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lapinee, C. (2006). Determination of cadmium and lead in seafood samples using solid phase extraction and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry . (Thesis). Prince of Songkla University. Retrieved from http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2553/1442

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lapinee, Chaipat. “Determination of cadmium and lead in seafood samples using solid phase extraction and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry .” 2006. Thesis, Prince of Songkla University. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2553/1442.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lapinee, Chaipat. “Determination of cadmium and lead in seafood samples using solid phase extraction and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry .” 2006. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lapinee C. Determination of cadmium and lead in seafood samples using solid phase extraction and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry . [Internet] [Thesis]. Prince of Songkla University; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2553/1442.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lapinee C. Determination of cadmium and lead in seafood samples using solid phase extraction and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry . [Thesis]. Prince of Songkla University; 2006. Available from: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2553/1442

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Edith Cowan University

21. Ramalingam, Malarvili. Metal exposure in non-occupationally exposed pregnant women of Western Australia and contribution of environmental sources.

Degree: 2011, Edith Cowan University

URL: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/450

► Metals pollution is a growing global concern and human exposure has been associated with increased chronic and acute health effects even at low metal concentrations… (more)

▼ Metals pollution is a growing global concern and human exposure has been associated with increased chronic and acute health effects even at low metal concentrations (Hu et al., 2006; US EPA, 2007; Rice et al., 2010; UNEP, 2010). Sensitive members of the population, such as neonates, children and pregnant women, in particular, are at increased risk due to their biological vulnerability (Jarup, 2003; Ettinger et al., 2007; US EPA, 2007). While much literature has examined exposure to metal contaminants, focussing on exposures from point sources, few studies have explored exposure in pregnant women and the factors that may influence their exposure. This study examined the degree of cadmium, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel and uranium exposure in non-occupationally exposed pregnant women and the factors and sources contributing to their exposure. Studies have shown that environmental media are potential sources of metals exposure for humans, and exposure in the general population can occur through inhalation of contaminated air, ingestion of contaminated drinking water and food, or by dermal contact. This study is one of the few conducted in Australia, where source identification was carried out on the basis of biological monitoring (personal exposure) and residential environmental concentrations. Source identification of metals using chemometrics was conducted to identify whether drinking water, soil and dust were potential sources of maternal exposure. A cross-sectional study design was used to assess the exposure of pregnant women aged between 19 and 44 years to specific metals. One hundred and nineteen women were recruited via local hospitals and the community in different locations across Western Australia (WA). Exposure assessment was undertaken using biological and environmental sampling in combination with questionnaire information. Cadmium, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel and uranium concentrations were determined in blood, urine, drinking water, soil and dust samples provided by the participants. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine a broad range of metals in blood, urine and drinking water, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for metals in soil and dust. The samples targeted for this study, were anticipated to contain low metal concentrations as the study involves a non-occupationally exposed population. Hence, sensitive analytical methods with improved detection limits were essential. Emphasis was given to blood analysis because it involves direct assessment of human exposure to metals and also because it has high matrix variability (IPCS, 2000; UNEP, 2008). Therefore, this study included the optimisation of the microwave digestion method for measuring a broad range of elements simultaneously in human blood using ICP-MS. In this study, most women recorded low concentrations of metals in blood and urine. Metals were detected in most samples with the exception of mercury in urine and nickel in blood. On the whole, the…

Subjects/Keywords: Maternal exposure to metals; Effect of chemicals on fetus; Environmental toxicology; Environmental Public Health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ramalingam, M. (2011). Metal exposure in non-occupationally exposed pregnant women of Western Australia and contribution of environmental sources. (Thesis). Edith Cowan University. Retrieved from https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/450

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ramalingam, Malarvili. “Metal exposure in non-occupationally exposed pregnant women of Western Australia and contribution of environmental sources.” 2011. Thesis, Edith Cowan University. Accessed January 21, 2021. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/450.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ramalingam, Malarvili. “Metal exposure in non-occupationally exposed pregnant women of Western Australia and contribution of environmental sources.” 2011. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ramalingam M. Metal exposure in non-occupationally exposed pregnant women of Western Australia and contribution of environmental sources. [Internet] [Thesis]. Edith Cowan University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/450.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ramalingam M. Metal exposure in non-occupationally exposed pregnant women of Western Australia and contribution of environmental sources. [Thesis]. Edith Cowan University; 2011. Available from: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/450

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

UCLA

22. Hwang, Ruth Y. A Study to Investigate the Efficacy of Ethylenediamine Tetra-(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) as a Coating Material to Reduce the Toxicity of Upconversion Nanoparticles in Liver Cell Lines.

Degree: Environmental Health Sciences, 2019, UCLA

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v3852pb

► Rare earth metals possess unique properties that make them extremely valuable for various industrial applications. Recently, there is a surge in the development of rare… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Nanotechnology; Medical imaging; Toxicology; coating; nanoparticles; rare earth metals; safer design; toxicity; upconversion nanoparticles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hwang, R. Y. (2019). A Study to Investigate the Efficacy of Ethylenediamine Tetra-(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) as a Coating Material to Reduce the Toxicity of Upconversion Nanoparticles in Liver Cell Lines. (Thesis). UCLA. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v3852pb

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hwang, Ruth Y. “A Study to Investigate the Efficacy of Ethylenediamine Tetra-(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) as a Coating Material to Reduce the Toxicity of Upconversion Nanoparticles in Liver Cell Lines.” 2019. Thesis, UCLA. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v3852pb.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hwang, Ruth Y. “A Study to Investigate the Efficacy of Ethylenediamine Tetra-(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) as a Coating Material to Reduce the Toxicity of Upconversion Nanoparticles in Liver Cell Lines.” 2019. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hwang RY. A Study to Investigate the Efficacy of Ethylenediamine Tetra-(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) as a Coating Material to Reduce the Toxicity of Upconversion Nanoparticles in Liver Cell Lines. [Internet] [Thesis]. UCLA; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v3852pb.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hwang RY. A Study to Investigate the Efficacy of Ethylenediamine Tetra-(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) as a Coating Material to Reduce the Toxicity of Upconversion Nanoparticles in Liver Cell Lines. [Thesis]. UCLA; 2019. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v3852pb

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

23. Wu, Yun. Mercury toxicity and detoxification in marine phytoplankton.

Degree: 2013, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-62254 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1254486 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-62254/1/th_redirect.html

► Mercury is notorious for its bioaccumulation in the organisms and biomagnification along the food web. However, research on the effects of mercury to phytoplankton, at… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Mercury ; Toxicology ; Marine phytoplankton ; Effect of heavy metals on ; Mercury content ; Metabolic detoxification

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wu, Y. (2013). Mercury toxicity and detoxification in marine phytoplankton. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-62254 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1254486 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-62254/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wu, Yun. “Mercury toxicity and detoxification in marine phytoplankton.” 2013. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-62254 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1254486 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-62254/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wu, Yun. “Mercury toxicity and detoxification in marine phytoplankton.” 2013. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wu Y. Mercury toxicity and detoxification in marine phytoplankton. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-62254 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1254486 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-62254/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wu Y. Mercury toxicity and detoxification in marine phytoplankton. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2013. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-62254 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1254486 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-62254/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Washington

24. Heffern, Kevin. Comparative effects of cadmium, zinc, arsenic and chromium on olfactory-mediated neurobehavior and gene expression in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Degree: 2018, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/41775

► Olfactory-mediated behaviors are critical for fish survival, but studies have shown that these behaviors can be disrupted on exposure to certain metals. Although aquatic Superfund… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: antioxidant gene expression; metals; olfaction; olfactory sensory neurons; zebrafish; Toxicology; Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Heffern, K. (2018). Comparative effects of cadmium, zinc, arsenic and chromium on olfactory-mediated neurobehavior and gene expression in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). (Thesis). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/41775

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Heffern, Kevin. “Comparative effects of cadmium, zinc, arsenic and chromium on olfactory-mediated neurobehavior and gene expression in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio).” 2018. Thesis, University of Washington. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/41775.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Heffern, Kevin. “Comparative effects of cadmium, zinc, arsenic and chromium on olfactory-mediated neurobehavior and gene expression in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio).” 2018. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Heffern K. Comparative effects of cadmium, zinc, arsenic and chromium on olfactory-mediated neurobehavior and gene expression in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/41775.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Heffern K. Comparative effects of cadmium, zinc, arsenic and chromium on olfactory-mediated neurobehavior and gene expression in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/41775

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

East Carolina University

25. Lewis, Alycia E. Examining Heavy Metal Concentrations in Hair of South African Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) to Access Anthropogenic Impact.

Degree: MA, MA-Anthropology, 2017, East Carolina University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6166

► High concentrations of heavy metals are known to have deleterious effects on the nervous, endocrine, hepatic, and immune systems of mammals. Environmental toxicology has traditionally… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Old World Monkey; Hair; Anthropogenic Disturbance; Cercopithecus aethiops – Effect of heavy metals on; Environmental toxicology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lewis, A. E. (2017). Examining Heavy Metal Concentrations in Hair of South African Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) to Access Anthropogenic Impact. (Masters Thesis). East Carolina University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6166

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lewis, Alycia E. “Examining Heavy Metal Concentrations in Hair of South African Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) to Access Anthropogenic Impact.” 2017. Masters Thesis, East Carolina University. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6166.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lewis, Alycia E. “Examining Heavy Metal Concentrations in Hair of South African Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) to Access Anthropogenic Impact.” 2017. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lewis AE. Examining Heavy Metal Concentrations in Hair of South African Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) to Access Anthropogenic Impact. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. East Carolina University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6166.

Council of Science Editors:

Lewis AE. Examining Heavy Metal Concentrations in Hair of South African Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) to Access Anthropogenic Impact. [Masters Thesis]. East Carolina University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6166

Western Kentucky University

26. Veletanlic, Vanesa. Toxicity of Novel Platinum Compounds in Mammalian Cancer Cells.

Degree: MS, Department of Chemistry, 2020, Western Kentucky University

URL: https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3167

► There are currently three FDA platinum compounds approved for use as chemotherapeutics, where each drug has variable efficacies for different cancer types depending on… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: metals; metal toxicity; anticancer; Biochemistry; Cancer Biology; Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Veletanlic, V. (2020). Toxicity of Novel Platinum Compounds in Mammalian Cancer Cells. (Masters Thesis). Western Kentucky University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3167

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Veletanlic, Vanesa. “Toxicity of Novel Platinum Compounds in Mammalian Cancer Cells.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Western Kentucky University. Accessed January 21, 2021. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3167.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Veletanlic, Vanesa. “Toxicity of Novel Platinum Compounds in Mammalian Cancer Cells.” 2020. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Veletanlic V. Toxicity of Novel Platinum Compounds in Mammalian Cancer Cells. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Western Kentucky University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3167.

Council of Science Editors:

Veletanlic V. Toxicity of Novel Platinum Compounds in Mammalian Cancer Cells. [Masters Thesis]. Western Kentucky University; 2020. Available from: https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3167

27. Chatjira Chuaynukool. Determination of lead in canned food by stripping voltammetry .

Degree: Faculty of Science (Analytical Chemistry), 2008, Prince of Songkla University

URL: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2553/1443

Subjects/Keywords: Pesticde residues in food Analysis; Pestides Toxicology; Metals Toxicology; Lead Toxicology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chuaynukool, C. (2008). Determination of lead in canned food by stripping voltammetry . (Thesis). Prince of Songkla University. Retrieved from http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2553/1443

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chuaynukool, Chatjira. “Determination of lead in canned food by stripping voltammetry .” 2008. Thesis, Prince of Songkla University. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2553/1443.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chuaynukool, Chatjira. “Determination of lead in canned food by stripping voltammetry .” 2008. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chuaynukool C. Determination of lead in canned food by stripping voltammetry . [Internet] [Thesis]. Prince of Songkla University; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2553/1443.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chuaynukool C. Determination of lead in canned food by stripping voltammetry . [Thesis]. Prince of Songkla University; 2008. Available from: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2553/1443

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

28. Rush, Travis. Mechanisms of Neuronal Death Induced by Environmental Toxicants in Murine Cortical Culture.

Degree: 2011, Marquette University

URL: https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/167

► This study was directed at examining the neurotoxic mechanisms of several classes of environmental toxicants implicated in neurodegenerative disease. Primary cortical cultures were exposed to… (more)

▼ This study was directed at examining the neurotoxic mechanisms of several classes of environmental toxicants implicated in neurodegenerative disease. Primary cortical cultures were exposed to organophosphorus pesticides, heavy metals and the cyanobacterial toxin, beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA). Several components relating to neuronal injury were assessed in each study and novel aspects are described. The main action of organophosphorous insecticides is generally believed to be the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. However, these compounds are now recognized to inhibit many other enzymes and cause neuronal death through a variety of mechanisms. I found that exposure to chlorpyrifos or diazinon caused concentration-dependent neurotoxicity that could not be attributed to acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Chlorpyrifos exposure increased extracellular glutamate and induced a diffuse nuclear staining characteristic of necrosis; the toxicity was sensitive to ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists. Diazinon toxicity was blocked by caspase inhibitors. Additionally, diazinon induced punctuate chromatin staining characteristic of apoptosis. These results represent two distinct, novel mechanisms of organophosphorous neurotoxicity. Heavy metals are ubiquitous in the environment and are of significant health concern worldwide. Exposure to lead, iron, mercurials (inorganic mercury, methylmercury, or thimerosal, i.e. ethylmercury) or other heavy metals is implicated as a risk factor for neurodegenerative disease. I found that the toxicity of these metals may be enhanced when interacting with chelators used to treat metal intoxication. As well, my studies describe a new role for mercury-induced oxidative stress as a cytoprotective signal to enhance glutathione levels. My data also suggests an obligate role for MRP1 in the detoxification of methylmercury. Neurodegenerative diseases likely involve complex interactions between genetic predisposition and multiple environmental factors. My final study tested the interaction of the methylmercury and BMAA. Importantly, concentrations of BMAA that caused no toxicity by themselves potentiated methyl mercury toxicity. BMAA plus methylmercury, at concentrations that had no effect by themselves, depleted cellular glutathione. The combined toxicity was attenuated by glutathione monoethyl ester, and the free radical scavenger, trolox, but not by the NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801. The results indicate a synergistic neurotoxic interaction targeting the cellular redox state. This finding may have implications for neurodegenerative disease caused by environmental toxicant exposure. Advisors/Committee Members: Lobner, Doug, Baker, David, Buchanan, James.

Subjects/Keywords: Neurotoxic agents – Testing; Heavy metals – Toxicology – Testing; Organophosphorus compounds – Toxicology; Methylmercury – Toxicology; Biology – Dissertations glutathione; methylmercury; neurodegeneration; neurotoxicology; pesticides; system xc-; Biology; Neurology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rush, T. (2011). Mechanisms of Neuronal Death Induced by Environmental Toxicants in Murine Cortical Culture. (Thesis). Marquette University. Retrieved from https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/167

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rush, Travis. “Mechanisms of Neuronal Death Induced by Environmental Toxicants in Murine Cortical Culture.” 2011. Thesis, Marquette University. Accessed January 21, 2021. https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/167.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rush, Travis. “Mechanisms of Neuronal Death Induced by Environmental Toxicants in Murine Cortical Culture.” 2011. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Rush T. Mechanisms of Neuronal Death Induced by Environmental Toxicants in Murine Cortical Culture. [Internet] [Thesis]. Marquette University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/167.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rush T. Mechanisms of Neuronal Death Induced by Environmental Toxicants in Murine Cortical Culture. [Thesis]. Marquette University; 2011. Available from: https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/167

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Arizona

29. REARDON, CHRISTOPHER LEE. ACTIVATION OF MURINE LYMPHOCYTES BY THE HEAVY METAL MITOGENS, ZINC AND MERCURY DIVALENT CATIONS.

Degree: 1983, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187604

► Splenic and lymph node lymphocytes from Balb/C mice were activated in vitro by the heavy metal cations, Zn⁺⁺ and Hg⁺⁺, as noted by the several-fold… (more)

▼ Splenic and lymph node lymphocytes from Balb/C mice were activated in vitro by the heavy metal cations, Zn⁺⁺ and Hg⁺⁺, as noted by the several-fold increases in ³H-thymidine incorporation at 144 hours of culture. Optimal mitogenic concentrations of Zn⁺⁺ and Hg⁺⁺ were 200 μM and 10 μM, respectively. Data from experiments in which three different methods were used to enrich for either T or B splenic lymphocytes, i.e. cell passage over nylon wool columns, use of athymic Nu/Nu mouse spleen cells, or cell lysis with monoclonal anti-Thy-1 antibody plus complement, suggested that Zn⁺⁺ and Hg⁺⁺ were mitogens for T cells. Removal of macrophages from spleen cells by treatment with carbonyl iron followed by cell passage through nylon wool eliminated the lymphocyte responses to Zn⁺⁺ and to Hg⁺⁺. Moreover, addition of these macrophage-depleted lymphocytes to monolayers of resident peritoneal macrophages restored the lymphocyte responses to these mitogens. Both Zn⁺⁺ and Hg⁺⁺ activated splenic lymphocytes to display lectin-dependent cytotoxicity and to produce gamma interferon. Furthermore, Zn⁺⁺ induced low levels of natural killer activity in spleen cells. In contrast to spleen and lymph node cells, thymocytes and bone marrow lymphocytes did not respond to either cation under standard culture conditions. However, when cultured in the presence of E. coli-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 2-mercaptoethanol for 144 hours, thymocytes were activated by Zn⁺⁺ (200 μM) but not by Hg⁺⁺. Quantities of LPS as low as 1.0 ng/ml satisfied this culture requirement. Purified interleukin 1 could not replace the helping activity mediated by LPS. Thymocyte subpopulation studies showed that Zn⁺⁺ activated enriched peanut lectin receptor-negative mature thymocytes, but LPS was required for the response. Spleen cells from mice, intraperitoneally injected with ZnCl₂ for 7 to 14 days, were not activated in vivo as assessed by ³H-thymidine incorporation in vitro, nor did they display enhanced responses to T-cell or B-cell mitogens. However, zinc administration had negative effects by decreasing spleen cell numbers by 31% and thymic weight by 59%. A theoretical model is presented in which Zn⁺⁺ and Hg⁺⁺ may mediate their stimulating effects in vitro by altering histocompatibility "self" structures on the surface of lymphocytes and macrophages via interactions with sulfhydryl groups on these structures to which T lymphocytes with receptors for "altered self" structures respond with proliferation or cytotoxicity.

Subjects/Keywords: Heavy metals – Physiological effect.; Heavy metals – Toxicology.; Lymphocytes.; Mercury – Physiological effect.; Mercury – Toxicology.; Zinc – Physiological effect.; Zinc – Toxicology.; Cations – Physiological effect.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

REARDON, C. L. (1983). ACTIVATION OF MURINE LYMPHOCYTES BY THE HEAVY METAL MITOGENS, ZINC AND MERCURY DIVALENT CATIONS. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187604

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

REARDON, CHRISTOPHER LEE. “ACTIVATION OF MURINE LYMPHOCYTES BY THE HEAVY METAL MITOGENS, ZINC AND MERCURY DIVALENT CATIONS. ” 1983. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed January 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187604.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

REARDON, CHRISTOPHER LEE. “ACTIVATION OF MURINE LYMPHOCYTES BY THE HEAVY METAL MITOGENS, ZINC AND MERCURY DIVALENT CATIONS. ” 1983. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

REARDON CL. ACTIVATION OF MURINE LYMPHOCYTES BY THE HEAVY METAL MITOGENS, ZINC AND MERCURY DIVALENT CATIONS. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1983. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187604.

Council of Science Editors:

REARDON CL. ACTIVATION OF MURINE LYMPHOCYTES BY THE HEAVY METAL MITOGENS, ZINC AND MERCURY DIVALENT CATIONS. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1983. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187604

University of Kentucky

30. Hitron, John Andrew. AN OPTIMIZED SOLID-PHASE REDUCTION AND CAPTURE STRATEGY FOR THE STUDY OF REVERSIBLY-OXIDIZED CYSTEINES AND ITS APPLICATION TO METAL TOXICITY.

Degree: 2018, University of Kentucky

URL: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/toxicology_etds/22

► The reversible oxidation of cysteine by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is both a mechanism for cellular protein signaling as well as a cause of cellular… (more)

▼ The reversible oxidation of cysteine by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is both a mechanism for cellular protein signaling as well as a cause of cellular injury and death through the generation of oxidative stress. The study of cysteine oxidation is complicated by the methodology currently available to isolate and enrich oxidized-cysteine containing proteins. We sought to simplify this process by reducing the time needed to process samples and reducing sample loss and contamination risk. We accomplished this by eliminating precipitation steps needed for the protocol by (a) introducing an in-solution NEM-quenching step prior to reduction and (b) replacing soluble dithiothreitol reductant with a series of newly-developed high-capacity polyacrylamide-based solid-phase reductants that could be easily separated from the lysate through centrifugation. These modifications, collectively called resin-assisted reduction and capture (RARC), reduced the time needed to perform the RAC method from 2-3 days to 4-5 hours, while the overall quality and quantity of previously-oxidized cysteines captured was increased. In order to demonstrate the RARC method’s utility in studying complex cellular oxidants, the optimized methodology was used to study cysteine oxidation caused by the redox-active metals arsenic, cadmium, and chromium. As(III), Cr(VI), and Cd(II) were all found to increase cysteine oxidation significantly, with As(III) and Cd(II) inducing more oxidation than Cr(VI) following a 24-hour exposure to cytotoxic concentrations. Label-free proteomic analysis and western blotting of RARC-isolated oxidized proteins found a high degree of commonality between the proteins oxidized by these metals, with cytoskeletal, translational, stress response, and metabolic proteins all being oxidized. Several previously-unreported redox-active cysteines were also identified. These results indicate that cysteine oxidation by As(III), Cr(VI), and Cd(II) may play a significant role in these metals’ cytotoxicity and demonstrates the utility of the RARC method as a strategy for studying reversible cysteine oxidation by oxidants in oxidative signaling and disease. The RARC method is a simplification and improvement upon the current state of the art which decreases the barrier of entry to studying cysteine oxidation, allowing more researchers to study this modification. We predict that the RARC methodology will be critical in expanding our understanding of reactive cysteines in cellular function and disease.

Subjects/Keywords: Resin-Assisted Capture; Reversible Cysteine Oxidation; Immobilized Reductants; Cysteine Redox Proteomics; Heavy Metals; Cell Biology; Medical Cell Biology; Medical Toxicology; Research Methods in Life Sciences; Toxicology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hitron, J. A. (2018). AN OPTIMIZED SOLID-PHASE REDUCTION AND CAPTURE STRATEGY FOR THE STUDY OF REVERSIBLY-OXIDIZED CYSTEINES AND ITS APPLICATION TO METAL TOXICITY. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Kentucky. Retrieved from https://uknowledge.uky.edu/toxicology_etds/22

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hitron, John Andrew. “AN OPTIMIZED SOLID-PHASE REDUCTION AND CAPTURE STRATEGY FOR THE STUDY OF REVERSIBLY-OXIDIZED CYSTEINES AND ITS APPLICATION TO METAL TOXICITY.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Kentucky. Accessed January 21, 2021. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/toxicology_etds/22.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hitron, John Andrew. “AN OPTIMIZED SOLID-PHASE REDUCTION AND CAPTURE STRATEGY FOR THE STUDY OF REVERSIBLY-OXIDIZED CYSTEINES AND ITS APPLICATION TO METAL TOXICITY.” 2018. Web. 21 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hitron JA. AN OPTIMIZED SOLID-PHASE REDUCTION AND CAPTURE STRATEGY FOR THE STUDY OF REVERSIBLY-OXIDIZED CYSTEINES AND ITS APPLICATION TO METAL TOXICITY. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Kentucky; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 21]. Available from: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/toxicology_etds/22.

Council of Science Editors:

Hitron JA. AN OPTIMIZED SOLID-PHASE REDUCTION AND CAPTURE STRATEGY FOR THE STUDY OF REVERSIBLY-OXIDIZED CYSTEINES AND ITS APPLICATION TO METAL TOXICITY. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Kentucky; 2018. Available from: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/toxicology_etds/22

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations