subject:(Metabolism)

Tulane University

1. Combs, Joseph. Human Cytomegalovirus Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiration for Efficient Viral Replication.

Degree: 2018, Tulane University

URL: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:83293

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Herpesviruses depend on subverting or harnessing the metabolic state and molecular machinery of the infected host cell for viral replication. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was one… (more)

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Herpesviruses depend on subverting or harnessing the metabolic state and molecular machinery of the infected host cell for viral replication. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was one of the first viruses to have virally-induced host cell metabolic changes investigated during infection and remains one of the better explored viruses in this area of research. In this thesis, I investigate whether HCMV infection impacts mitochondrial respiration, a metabolic pathway that has yet to be fully explored during infection. In Chapter 2, I explore the impact of HCMV replication on mitochondrial metabolism and observe that HCMV infection markedly increases respiration. I show that concomitant with the increase in mitochondrial function HCMV increases mitochondrial biogenesis and determine that functional mitochondrial respiration is required for efficient HCMV replication. In Chapter 3, we examine whether the pharmacological agent, metformin, is capable of inhibiting HCMV replication through inhibition of Complex I and subsequent inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. I show metformin is capable of inhibiting efficient HCMV replication during viral early gene expression and that this effect is neither strain nor species specific and is not mediated by cell death. However, this inhibition is sensitive to excess glucose within the media. I demonstrate that metformin is capable of inhibiting mitochondrial respiration even in glucose-excess media and that inhibition of HCMV replication is linked mechanistically to inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. The results from this study reveal how HCMV affects mitochondrial respiration during infection and add to the broader understanding of the impact of HCMV infection impact on host cell metabolism. Further, these studies provide evidence that specific metabolic inhibitors may effectively, and potentially safely, target HCMV infection.

1

Joseph A. Combs

Advisors/Committee Members: Morris, Cindy (Thesis advisor), School of Medicine Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program (Degree granting institution).

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Combs, J. (2018). Human Cytomegalovirus Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiration for Efficient Viral Replication. (Thesis). Tulane University. Retrieved from https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:83293

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Combs, Joseph. “Human Cytomegalovirus Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiration for Efficient Viral Replication.” 2018. Thesis, Tulane University. Accessed February 24, 2021. https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:83293.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Combs, Joseph. “Human Cytomegalovirus Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiration for Efficient Viral Replication.” 2018. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Combs J. Human Cytomegalovirus Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiration for Efficient Viral Replication. [Internet] [Thesis]. Tulane University; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:83293.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Combs J. Human Cytomegalovirus Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiration for Efficient Viral Replication. [Thesis]. Tulane University; 2018. Available from: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:83293

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

2. Post, Stephanie. Characterizing Distinct and Shared Functions of Drosophila Insulin-Like Peptides in Regulating Metabolism and Longevity.

Degree: Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, 2018, Brown University

URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792766/

► Insulin and IGF signaling (IIS) is a complex system that controls diverse processes including development, metabolism, stress responses and aging. Drosophila melanogaster IIS is propagated… (more)

▼ Insulin and IGF signaling (IIS) is a complex system that controls diverse processes including development, metabolism, stress responses and aging. Drosophila melanogaster IIS is propagated by eight Drosophila insulin-like peptides (DILPs), homologues of both mammalian insulin and IGFs, with various spatiotemporal expression patterns and functions. DILPs 1-7 are thought to act through a single Drosophila insulin/IGF receptor, InR, but it is unclear how the DILPs thereby mediate a range of physiological phenotypes. To comprehensively understand how DILPs communicate nutrient status, the Geometric Framework dietary regime was implemented, feeding Drosophila adults media comprised of seven protein-to-carbohydrate ratios at four caloric concentrations. Each dilp transcript was measured by qPCR, presenting a unique pattern upon a bivariate plot of sugar and protein. Regression analysis revealed that protein-to-carbohydrate ratio and the interaction between this ratio and caloric content significantly affects dilp expression. To determine the distinct cell signaling effects of DILPs, cellular responses were characterized in response to DILP2 or DILP5 stimulation on S2 cells in culture using RNA-Seq and phosphowesterns. DILP2 and DILP5 induced similar transcriptional patterns, but differed in signal transduction kinetics. Among phosphopeptides altered in a global phosphoproteomic screen, DILP2, but not DILP5, dephosphorylated Ser15 on glycogen phosphorylase (GlyP), and repressed enzymatic GlyP activity. GlyP overexpression in vivo extended Drosophila lifespan in a Ser15 phosphorylation-dependent manner. To understand how the tandem-encoded dilp1 and dilp2 interact to regulate metabolism and aging, null double mutants were generated by homologous recombination to compare with single mutants in epistasis analyses. Mutants of dilp2 extended lifespan and increased Akh mRNA and protein, but double mutants had wildtype lifespan and Akh expression. Loss of dilp1 alone had no impact on these traits, while transgene rescue of dilp1 increased lifespan and Akh expression in dilp1-dilp2 double mutants. Dilp1 and dilp2 interacted to control other traits such as blood glucose, but by additive or synergistic interactions. The studies presented in this thesis collectively reveal that nutrition, cell signaling and aging are mediated by complex interactions between redundant insulin-like paralogs as well as unique functions, exhibiting ligand bias previously established for mammalian receptor tyrosine kinase signaling systems. Advisors/Committee Members: Tatar, Marc (Advisor), Gruppuso, Philip (Reader), Salomon, Arthur (Reader), Neretti, Nicola (Reader), Fridell, Yih-Woei (Reader).

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Post, S. (2018). Characterizing Distinct and Shared Functions of Drosophila Insulin-Like Peptides in Regulating Metabolism and Longevity. (Thesis). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792766/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Post, Stephanie. “Characterizing Distinct and Shared Functions of Drosophila Insulin-Like Peptides in Regulating Metabolism and Longevity.” 2018. Thesis, Brown University. Accessed February 24, 2021. https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792766/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Post, Stephanie. “Characterizing Distinct and Shared Functions of Drosophila Insulin-Like Peptides in Regulating Metabolism and Longevity.” 2018. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Post S. Characterizing Distinct and Shared Functions of Drosophila Insulin-Like Peptides in Regulating Metabolism and Longevity. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brown University; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792766/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Post S. Characterizing Distinct and Shared Functions of Drosophila Insulin-Like Peptides in Regulating Metabolism and Longevity. [Thesis]. Brown University; 2018. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792766/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oregon State University

3. LUO, TING. Modulation of metabolic syndrome by soy isoflavones: in-vitro and in-vivo models.

Degree: PhD, 2017, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61532

► Metabolic syndrome is a problem affecting people around the world. In a number of studies, soy intake has been documented to possess antidiabetic and anticardiovascular… (more)

▼ Metabolic syndrome is a problem affecting people around the world. In a number of studies, soy intake has been documented to possess antidiabetic and anticardiovascular effect. My project is focused on the impact of the intake of compounds found within soy, the isoflavones, their impact on metabolic syndrome symptoms, and the underlying mechanisms involved. In study one, we aimed to determine the effect of soy product on weight gain and adiposity in male C57BL/6 mice. Six-week-old mice were put in a low-fat diet (LF), high fat diet (HF), or high fat diet plus Novasoy, an isoflavones-containing dietary supplement (HF+NS) for 10 weeks. At week 10, metabolic syndrome symptoms including obesity, high blood glucose, and hepatic lipid accumulation were observed in HF diet fed mice. However, NS intake significantly decreased body weight gain, baseline blood glucose level, and hepatic lipid accumulation (p<0.05). To further investigate the effect of isoflavone supplement intake on HF diet-induced metabolic syndrome, a custom-designed gene array was utilized to determine hepatic gene expression related to lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, and inflammation. Relative expression of the mRNA for hormone sensitive lipase (Hsl), which catalyzes triglyceride hydrolysis, was significantly increased in NS fed mice, compared to HF fed mice. Expression of the mRNA encoding carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 alpha (Cpt1α), the rate limiting enzyme of lipid β oxidation, was significantly lowered when NS was added to HF diet. To follow up study one, mouse study two was conducted to determine whether consumption of the dominant soy isoflavones compounds, genistein and daidzein, influence metabolic syndrome similarly or differently, and to further investigate the underlying mechanism. C57BL/6J mice were fed low fat (LF), western diet (WD), WD containing 0.16% (w/w) of genistein (WD+G) or daidzein (WD+D) for 10 weeks. Surprisingly, intake of WD+G and WD+D significantly decreased food intake and body weight, compared to WD-fed mice (185%±10%, 112%±9%, and 150%±7% percentage weight gain in WD-, WD+G- and WD+D-fed mice, vs. LF-fed mice respectively). Genistein-fed mice had a reduced area under the curve (60-120mins) in a glucose tolerance test (p<0.05). Furthermore, gene array profiling in genistein or daidzein fed mice indicate that genistein and daidzein consumption regulate gene expression related to hepatic lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and inflammation. Signaling pathways such as LXR/RXR and FXR/RXR were significantly activated in genistein or daidzein fed mice. Since a more potent effect on body weight was observed in genistein- fed mice in study II, compared to NS-fed mice, we designed study III, to determine the effect of NS on WD induced metabolic syndrome symptoms, especially body weight gain. Study III demonstrated that the reduction of body weight gain in WD+NS-fed mice was less than WD+G-fed mice. To determine if LXR was activated by genistein or daidzein, transient transfection-luciferase assays were utilized to… Advisors/Committee Members: Shay, Neil (advisor), Bakalinsky, Alan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

LUO, T. (2017). Modulation of metabolic syndrome by soy isoflavones: in-vitro and in-vivo models. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61532

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

LUO, TING. “Modulation of metabolic syndrome by soy isoflavones: in-vitro and in-vivo models.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61532.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

LUO, TING. “Modulation of metabolic syndrome by soy isoflavones: in-vitro and in-vivo models.” 2017. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

LUO T. Modulation of metabolic syndrome by soy isoflavones: in-vitro and in-vivo models. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61532.

Council of Science Editors:

LUO T. Modulation of metabolic syndrome by soy isoflavones: in-vitro and in-vivo models. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61532

Columbia University

4. Shimazu, Junko. Regulation of Runx2 Accumulation and Its Consequences.

Degree: 2016, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8K074D0

► Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells and therefore they are responsible of the synthesis of type I collagen, the main component of bone matrix. However, there is… (more)

▼ Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells and therefore they are responsible of the synthesis of type I collagen, the main component of bone matrix. However, there is an apparent disconnect between the regulation of osteoblast differentiation and bone formation since the synthesis of Type I collagen precedes the expression of Runx2, the earliest determinant of osteoblast differentiation. Recently, genetic experiments in the mouse have revealed the existence of an unexpected cross-regulation between bone and other organs. In particular this body of work has highlighted the importance of osteoblasts as endocrine cells to regulate whole-body glucose homeostasis by secretion of a hormone, osteocalcin. However, the fundamental question of why bone regulates glucose homeostasis remained to be answered. Therefore, in my thesis, considering that bone is a metabolically demanding organ that constantly renews itself, I hypothesized that characterizing the connection between the need of glucose as a main nutrient in osteoblasts and bone development will provide a key to deeper understanding of why bone regulates glucose homeostasis. My work shows here that glucose uptake through GLUT1 in osteoblasts is needed for osteoblast differentiation by suppressing the AMPK-dependent activation by phosphorylation at S148 of Smurf1 that targets Runx2 for degradation. I also uncovered the mechanism of action of Smurf1 in this setting. In a distinct but synergetic way, glucose uptake promotes bone formation by inhibiting a distinct function of AMPK. In turn, Runx2 favors Glut1 expression, and this feedforward regulation between Runx2 and Glut1 determines the onset of osteoblast differentiation during development and the extent of bone formation throughout life. Furthermore, I also identified that Smurf1 not only regulates osteoblast differentiation by targeting Runx2 for degradation but also contributes to whole-body glucose homeostasis by regulating the activation of osteocalcin by targeting the insulin receptor for degradation in vivo. These results identify Smurf1 as a determinant of osteoblast differentiation during development, of bone formation and glucose homeostasis post-natally. Most importantly, we show that these Smurf1 functions required AMPK-phosphorylation site S148 in vivo. Altogether, these results revealed the absolute necessity of glucose as a regulator of Runx2 accumulation during osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in vivo and highlight the fundamental importance of the intricate cross-talk between bone and whole-body glucose metabolism.

Subjects/Keywords: Osteoblasts – Metabolism; Glucose – Metabolism; Bones – Metabolism; Genetics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shimazu, J. (2016). Regulation of Runx2 Accumulation and Its Consequences. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8K074D0

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shimazu, Junko. “Regulation of Runx2 Accumulation and Its Consequences.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed February 24, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8K074D0.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shimazu, Junko. “Regulation of Runx2 Accumulation and Its Consequences.” 2016. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Shimazu J. Regulation of Runx2 Accumulation and Its Consequences. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8K074D0.

Council of Science Editors:

Shimazu J. Regulation of Runx2 Accumulation and Its Consequences. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8K074D0

5. Horstman, Heidi. Targeted mis-expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the mouse cerebellum leads to hyperplasia and tumor formation.

Degree: M.S. in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science (graduate program), 2013, Creighton University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10504/45365

► Our lab generated a transgenic mouse line that carries a silent floxed LacZ-stop-Shh transgene, which upon breeding with a mouse that expresses Cre recombinase, the… (more)

▼ Our lab generated a transgenic mouse line that carries a silent floxed LacZ-stop-Shh transgene, which upon breeding with a mouse that expresses Cre recombinase, the Cre protein excises the LacZ reporter and drives ectopic expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh), in any tissue that expresses Cre. When bred to Atoh1-Cre mice, the resulting Atoh1-Cre x LoxP-Shh mice had increased and aberrant expression of Shh in the external granule layer (EGL) of the cerebellum, where Atoh1 (Math1) is expressed. We confirmed that the mutant mice did in fact have an increase of Shh indirectly by staining for β-galactosidase activity and directly by measuring Shh transcript and protein expression. We then investigated the effects of the exogenous Shh expression in the cerebellum by comparing the cerebella of the transgenic mice morphologically and histologically to the cerebella of the control mice. We also compared the expression on a marker of proliferation and a marker of differentiation between control and mutant mice at various time points. Postnatal day 6 (P6) and postnatal day 24 (P24) were the principal time point examined. At P6, the main difference in cerebella between control and mutant mice is that the mutant cerebellum is much larger and has more folia. The P24 mutant exhibited many differences in comparison to the P24 control. Namely, in addition to hyperplasia and increased foliation, the mutant P24 cerebellum has a population of cells that remain in the EGL long after they are supposed to migrate inward to establish the internal granule layer (IGL). These cells express the marker of proliferation. Eventually, the mutant mice resulting from the Atoh1-Cre x LoxP-Shh cross develop medulloblastoma-like tumors around postnatal month 4 or 5 (P4 or P5 month). This was confirmed through histological and immunohistochemical data. These data support our hypothesis that the mis-expression of Shh in the cerebellum leads to morphological, histological, and cellular abnormalities. Advisors/Committee Members: Limpach, Aimee (advisor), Horstman, Heidi (cuauthor).

Subjects/Keywords: Hedgehog Proteins – metabolism; Medulloblastoma – metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Horstman, H. (2013). Targeted mis-expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the mouse cerebellum leads to hyperplasia and tumor formation. (Masters Thesis). Creighton University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10504/45365

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Horstman, Heidi. “Targeted mis-expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the mouse cerebellum leads to hyperplasia and tumor formation.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Creighton University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10504/45365.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Horstman, Heidi. “Targeted mis-expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the mouse cerebellum leads to hyperplasia and tumor formation.” 2013. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Horstman H. Targeted mis-expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the mouse cerebellum leads to hyperplasia and tumor formation. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Creighton University; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10504/45365.

Council of Science Editors:

Horstman H. Targeted mis-expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the mouse cerebellum leads to hyperplasia and tumor formation. [Masters Thesis]. Creighton University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10504/45365

Oregon State University

6. Schrlau, Jill E. Transformation of Phenanthrene by Mycobacterium sp. ELW1 and the Formation of Toxic Metabolites.

Degree: MS, Environmental Engineering, 2016, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59883

► The ability of Mycobacterium sp. ELW1, a novel microbe capable of alkene oxidation, to co-metabolize phenanthrene (PHE) was studied. ELW1 was able to completely co-metabolize… (more)

▼ The ability of Mycobacterium sp. ELW1, a novel microbe capable of alkene oxidation, to co-metabolize phenanthrene (PHE) was studied. ELW1 was able to completely co-metabolize PHE, at different concentrations below its water solubility limit, in an aqueous environment. The alkene monooxygenases in ELW1, used to initiate oxidation of PHE, were effectively inhibited by 1-octyne despite some PHE transformation observed. PHE metabolites consisted of only hydroxyphenanthrenes (OHPHEs) with trans-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (trans-9,10-PHE), the primary product, comprising more than 90% of the total metabolites formed in both PHE-exposed cells and 1-octyne controls. Mass balance was estimated by summing the zero-order formation rates of OHPHE metabolites and comparing these to the zero-order transformation rates PHE in PHE-exposed cells. The transformation rates of PHE and were in good agreement with the formation rates of the metabolites. PHE transformation followed first-order rates that, when normalized by biomass, were in the range of those estimated by the ratio of the Michaelis-Menten kinetic variables of maximum transformation rate (k[subscript max]) to the half-saturation constant (K[subscript s]). Estimated values for k[subscript max] to K[subscript s] obtained through both non-linear and linearization methods resulted in k[subscript max]/K[subscript s] estimates that were a factor of ~3 lower compared to experimental values. Both experimental and estimated values of k[subscript max], K[subscript s], and k[subscript max]/K[subscript s] were 2-3 magnitudes lower than literature values determined for microbes other than Mycobacterium sp. using different models that incorporated additional parameters. OHPHE standards, including 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-PHE), 3-hydroxyphenanthrene (3-PHE), 4-hydroxyphenanthrene (4-OHE), 9-hydroxyphenanthrene (9-PHE), and 1,9-dihydroxyphenanthrene (1,9-PHE), were developmentally toxic to embryonic zebrafish. However, PHE and trans-9,10- PHE. were not toxic. OHPHE metabolite mixtures formed by ELW1 were also tested for toxicity using embryonic zebrafish. The embryonic zebrafish were exposed to OHPHE metabolite mixtures that were at least 1.5 times less than the concentration need to elicit a toxic response. However, toxicity was observed in the two latest time points, 76 and 122 hr, in PHE-exposed cells. The toxicity may have been caused by an unidentified toxic metabolite. Advisors/Committee Members: Semprini, Lewis (advisor), Radniecki, Tyler (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: co-metabolism; Mycobacterium – Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Schrlau, J. E. (2016). Transformation of Phenanthrene by Mycobacterium sp. ELW1 and the Formation of Toxic Metabolites. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59883

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schrlau, Jill E. “Transformation of Phenanthrene by Mycobacterium sp. ELW1 and the Formation of Toxic Metabolites.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59883.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schrlau, Jill E. “Transformation of Phenanthrene by Mycobacterium sp. ELW1 and the Formation of Toxic Metabolites.” 2016. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Schrlau JE. Transformation of Phenanthrene by Mycobacterium sp. ELW1 and the Formation of Toxic Metabolites. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59883.

Council of Science Editors:

Schrlau JE. Transformation of Phenanthrene by Mycobacterium sp. ELW1 and the Formation of Toxic Metabolites. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59883

University of Utah

7. Spackman, Darrel H. Preparation and properties of leucine aminopeptidase;.

Degree: PhD, Biochemistry;, 1954, University of Utah

URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1721/rec/1013

► Swine kidney has been used as a source for leucine aminopeptidase. A purification procedure has been worked out to produce highly purified preparations of this… (more)

▼ Swine kidney has been used as a source for leucine aminopeptidase. A purification procedure has been worked out to produce highly purified preparations of this enzyme in good yield. The 8 steps involve conversion to an acetone powder, fractional precipitation with inorganic salts and with organic solvents, heating, aging, and finally separation by zone electrophoresis. Preparations have been obtained with a C1 = 88 for L-leucinamide representing a 1600 fold purification over the level found in crude kidney extracts. Such preparations appear to be homogeneous in the ultracentrifuge, and upon paper electrophoresis and very nearly homogeneous in the Tiselius electrophoresis. A tentative molecular weight of 300,000 has been determined for this enzyme. The aminopeptidase has been further studied by determining its absorption spectrum in the ultraviolet and by determining its amino acid content. Over 97 per cent of the protein has been accounted for as the naturally occurring amino acids and this evidence together with the previous evidence indicate that leucine aminopeptidase is a large, simple protein and there is no evidence for any prosthetic group, The activation and stability of this enzyme in the presence of its two specific metal activators, Mn++ and Mg++, have been studied in some detail and a comparison of the effects of the two metal activators made. Activation times for both metals have decreased from several hours to a few minutes with purification and in the highly purified state, rapid inactivation occurs upon removal of the metal components. A substrate-activation effect has been noted at certain metal concentrations and the implications of this have been discussed. The metal dissociation constants for both metals have been determined and are found to be 1.2 X 10(4) molar-1 for Mg++ and 3.3 1 10(4) molar-1 for Mn++. A relationship between the enzyme and each of the metals has been found which suggests that one metal ion combines for each active site of enzyme. The variation of activity with pH has been studied for 2 substrates and with both metals and the pH optimum for the enzyme appears to be 9.1 to 9.3. Several new amino acid amides have been synthesized making available nearly all of the naturally occurring amino acids in amide form. A total of more than 50 substrates have been subjected to the action of the highly purified leucine aminopeptidase and it has been found that a general activity is shown. L-alanyl-L-leucinamide is hydrolyzed with a C0 of 26,000 corresponding to a turnover number of 208,000 moles hydrolyzed per minute per 100,000 gm. of enzyme. Evidence is reviewed for the elimination of the presence of other enzymes and various aspects of specificity are discussed including a comparison with other well characterized proteolytic enzymes.

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Spackman, D. H. (1954). Preparation and properties of leucine aminopeptidase;. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1721/rec/1013

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Spackman, Darrel H. “Preparation and properties of leucine aminopeptidase;.” 1954. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Utah. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1721/rec/1013.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Spackman, Darrel H. “Preparation and properties of leucine aminopeptidase;.” 1954. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Spackman DH. Preparation and properties of leucine aminopeptidase;. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Utah; 1954. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1721/rec/1013.

Council of Science Editors:

Spackman DH. Preparation and properties of leucine aminopeptidase;. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Utah; 1954. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1721/rec/1013

University of Utah

8. Lee, Han-Chen. Mechanisms of cholesterol monohydrate dissolution in aqueous bile salt-lecithin media: correlation between micellar species and dissolution rates;.

Degree: PhD, Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry;, 1989, University of Utah

URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/222/rec/796

► A mechanistic study of cholesterol monohydrate (ChM) dissolution rates (J) was conducted in the aqueous taurocholate (TC)-, taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC)-, and tauroursodeoxy-cholate (TUDC)-lecithin (L) solutions. Based… (more)

▼ A mechanistic study of cholesterol monohydrate (ChM) dissolution rates (J) was conducted in the aqueous taurocholate (TC)-, taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC)-, and tauroursodeoxy-cholate (TUDC)-lecithin (L) solutions. Based on the simple micelle-mixed micelle coexistence behavior in concentration ranges of physiological interest, these J values were analyzed and compared in terms of the effectiveness of the different micellar species. The results from the present study showed that in the TC-L system, except for that with 8 mM lecithin at Na+ level of 0.285 M where the simple and the mixed micelles were equally important, the rate constants of simple micelles (ks) were generally greater than those of mixed micelles (kM)- This is in agreement with a previous finding that the TC simple micelle is the principal species and the TC-L mixed micelle is less important in the interfacially controlled ChM dissolution kinetics. In the TCDC-L system at 0.285 M Na+, the simple micelle was equally effective in dissolving ChM as the mixed micelle at 2 mM lecithin, but became more effective with the addition of lecithin. In the TCDC-L system at 0.4 M Na+ as well as in the TUDC-L system at both levels of Na+, the mixed micelle dominated the ChM dissolution kinetics at lower levels of lecithin. However, with an increase in the lecithin concentration, the mixed micelle gradually lost its dominance and the simple micelle became the principal species at higher levels of lecithin. In the TCDC-L system at both levels of Na+, the ks value first rose dramatically with the addition of lecithin from 2 to 16 mM and then levelled off, whereas in the TC-L and TUDC-L systems, the ks values remained relatively unchanged over a wide concentration range of lecithin. These results indicate that the surface-adsorbed lecithin facilitates the dissolution of ChM by the simple micelles in the TCDC-L system but not in the TC-L and TUDC-L systems. The kM values generally decreased with an increase in the lecithin concentration at both levels of Na+ for the three bile salt-lecithin systems except for those of the TC-L system at lecithin concentrations below 8 mM where the system behaved as if the TC-L mixed micelles were nonexistent (i.e., kM approx 0).

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lee, H. (1989). Mechanisms of cholesterol monohydrate dissolution in aqueous bile salt-lecithin media: correlation between micellar species and dissolution rates;. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/222/rec/796

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lee, Han-Chen. “Mechanisms of cholesterol monohydrate dissolution in aqueous bile salt-lecithin media: correlation between micellar species and dissolution rates;.” 1989. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Utah. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/222/rec/796.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lee, Han-Chen. “Mechanisms of cholesterol monohydrate dissolution in aqueous bile salt-lecithin media: correlation between micellar species and dissolution rates;.” 1989. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Lee H. Mechanisms of cholesterol monohydrate dissolution in aqueous bile salt-lecithin media: correlation between micellar species and dissolution rates;. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Utah; 1989. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/222/rec/796.

Council of Science Editors:

Lee H. Mechanisms of cholesterol monohydrate dissolution in aqueous bile salt-lecithin media: correlation between micellar species and dissolution rates;. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Utah; 1989. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/222/rec/796

University of Ottawa

9. Stec, Nadia. The Role of Proline Oxidation and Metabolome Dynamics During the Flight of Bombus Impatiens .

Degree: 2018, University of Ottawa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37257

► Several insect species can use the amino acid proline as a major energy substrate, a unique characteristic of these animals. Although initially thought to be… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: bumblebees; metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stec, N. (2018). The Role of Proline Oxidation and Metabolome Dynamics During the Flight of Bombus Impatiens . (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37257

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stec, Nadia. “The Role of Proline Oxidation and Metabolome Dynamics During the Flight of Bombus Impatiens .” 2018. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37257.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stec, Nadia. “The Role of Proline Oxidation and Metabolome Dynamics During the Flight of Bombus Impatiens .” 2018. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Stec N. The Role of Proline Oxidation and Metabolome Dynamics During the Flight of Bombus Impatiens . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37257.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Stec N. The Role of Proline Oxidation and Metabolome Dynamics During the Flight of Bombus Impatiens . [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37257

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Utah

10. Ojeda, Luis David. Iron sensing in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae;.

Degree: PhD, Biochemistry;, 2006, University of Utah

URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1328/rec/729

► Iron is an essential element required to almost all organisms for survival; however, iron can cause toxicity if it accumulates in excess. This dissertation is… (more)

▼ Iron is an essential element required to almost all organisms for survival; however, iron can cause toxicity if it accumulates in excess. This dissertation is focused on delineating the mechanisms that yeast species utilize to control intracellular concentrations of iron. The transcription factor Aft1 induces the transcription of a set of genes required for high-affinity iron uptake and proper intracellular iron mobilization and storage. When yeast cells are grown in low-iron media, Aft1 accumulates in the nucleus where it activates transcription of its target genes. Conversely, when yeast cells are grown in sufficient iron media, Aft1 accumulates in the cytosol where it is inactive. Aft1 seems to be negatively regulated by a signal coming from the mitochondrial Fe-S cluster biogenesis pathway. This signal appears to be exported from the mitochondria to the cytosol through the inner mitochondrial membrane transporter Atm1. It is not clear what happens with this signal after it is exported to the cytosol or how Aft1 senses it. However, the cytosolic Fe-S assembly (CIA) machinery, which consists of the proteins Cfd1, Nar1 and Nbp35, is shown to be dispensable for this sensing mechanism. The CIA machinery matures a putative Fe-S intermediate coming from the mitochondria into [4Fe-4S] clusters. Thus, the inhibitory signal does not seem to contain a mature [4Fe-4S] cluster as it was previously thought. Two other elements that are necessary for the control of Aft1 activity in response to iron are the nuclear monothiol glutaredoxins Grx3 and Grx4. In the absence of both glutaredoxins, Aft1 is constitutively active regardless of the iron levels in the media. Furthermore, these glutaredoxins seem to be playing a direct role since their binding to Aft1 is necessary for its regulation. In addition, overexpression of Grx4 decreases the activity of Aft1 under low iron conditions. Grx3 and Grx4 contain a thioredoxin-like domain in addition to the glutaredoxin domain. The thioredoxin-like domain is dispensable in mediating iron-inhibition of Aft1 activity, whereas the glutaredoxin domain and its conserved cysteine are required for this function. Thus, nuclear monothiol glutaredoxins are novel components required for iron regulation of Aft1.

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ojeda, L. D. (2006). Iron sensing in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae;. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1328/rec/729

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ojeda, Luis David. “Iron sensing in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae;.” 2006. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Utah. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1328/rec/729.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ojeda, Luis David. “Iron sensing in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae;.” 2006. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ojeda LD. Iron sensing in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae;. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Utah; 2006. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1328/rec/729.

Council of Science Editors:

Ojeda LD. Iron sensing in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae;. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Utah; 2006. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1328/rec/729

University of Utah

11. Soesanto, Yudi Aditya. Role of O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in Metabolic Regulation.

Degree: PhD, Biochemistry;, 2010, University of Utah

URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/1673/rec/1001

► Attachment of O-linked (3-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to the hydroxyl group of serine and/or threonine residues of nucleocytoplasmic proteins is one of the more common post-translational modifications… (more)

▼ Attachment of O-linked (3-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to the hydroxyl group of serine and/or threonine residues of nucleocytoplasmic proteins is one of the more common post-translational modifications of proteins. Although O-GlcNAc has been shown to be essential for cell viability, aberrant increases in O-GlcNAcylation of proteins in different tissues have been shown to mediate pathological effects of hyperglycemia as observed in the type 2 diabetes. The physiological function of O-GlcNAc in normal physiology, however, has not been well studied. We have therefore overexpressed the enzyme p-iV-acetylglucosaminidase (O-GlcNAcase), which catalyzes the removal of the O-GlcNAc modification from proteins, in the liver or pancreatic P-cells of normal C57BL/6J mice. We demonstrate that overexpressing O-GlcNAcase in euglycemic mouse liver through tail vein injection of adenovirus resulted in increased Akt signaling, an important arm of the insulin signal transduction cascade. We also observed that the increased in Akt phosphorylation was not due to increased activity of signaling pathway upstream of Akt. Despite a significant decrease in the transcript level of the gluconeogenic enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase, consistent with increased Akt activity, there were no significant differences in the glucose or insulin levels after 3 days of O-GlcNAcase overexpression, although fasting blood glucose levels were moderately lowered after 5 days of overexpression. These findings demonstrate the role of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) as a nutrient sensing pathway not only in pathologic states of diabetes or caloric excess but also in normal physiology. In P-cells, O-GlcNAcase was overexpressed in transgenic mice under control of the rat insulin promoter. O-GlcNAcase overexpression in younger (3 months old) mice results in decreased circulating fasting insulin levels. This decrease was paralleled by decreased insulin mRNA and islet insulin content. Further studies demonstrated an increase in pancreatic insulin content with increased p-cell mass, suggesting a possible defect in insulin exocytosis associated with O-GlcNAcase overexpression. However, when the mice were challenged with a high fat diet, O-GlcNAcase seems to protect the pcell function as determined by fasting insulin and glucose levels. Together, the present studies demonstrate that O-GlcNAc function to regulate metabolic pathway under physiologic and normoglycemic condition. In addition, decreased O-GlcNAc protects from the adverse effects of hyperglycemia as seen in type 2 diabetes, both through increased Akt signaling and protection of the P-cell function under conditions of nutrient stress.

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism; Glucosamine

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APA (6^th Edition):

Soesanto, Y. A. (2010). Role of O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in Metabolic Regulation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/1673/rec/1001

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Soesanto, Yudi Aditya. “Role of O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in Metabolic Regulation.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Utah. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/1673/rec/1001.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Soesanto, Yudi Aditya. “Role of O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in Metabolic Regulation.” 2010. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Soesanto YA. Role of O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in Metabolic Regulation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Utah; 2010. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/1673/rec/1001.

Council of Science Editors:

Soesanto YA. Role of O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in Metabolic Regulation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Utah; 2010. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/1673/rec/1001

University of Utah

12. Higginbotham, Robert David. Study of mouse brain phosphates after infection with Japanese B virus;.

Degree: MS;, Pathology;, 1950, University of Utah

URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1712/rec/1289

► A method employing a single tube for the fractionation of mouse brain tissue was used to investigate the effects of the Japanese B virus on… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Higginbotham, R. D. (1950). Study of mouse brain phosphates after infection with Japanese B virus;. (Masters Thesis). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1712/rec/1289

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Higginbotham, Robert David. “Study of mouse brain phosphates after infection with Japanese B virus;.” 1950. Masters Thesis, University of Utah. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1712/rec/1289.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Higginbotham, Robert David. “Study of mouse brain phosphates after infection with Japanese B virus;.” 1950. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Higginbotham RD. Study of mouse brain phosphates after infection with Japanese B virus;. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Utah; 1950. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1712/rec/1289.

Council of Science Editors:

Higginbotham RD. Study of mouse brain phosphates after infection with Japanese B virus;. [Masters Thesis]. University of Utah; 1950. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/1712/rec/1289

Oregon State University

13. Miaullis, John Bartley. In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat.

Degree: MS, Biochemistry and Biophysics, 1968, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47592

► In vitro studies of Mobam (4-benzo(b)thienyl N-methylcarbamate) metabolism have demonstrated that at least three ether soluble metabolites are formed in a microsomal system fortified with… (more)

▼ In vitro studies of Mobam (4-benzo(b)thienyl N-methylcarbamate) metabolism have demonstrated that at least three ether soluble metabolites are formed in a microsomal system fortified with reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide (NADPH). One of the metabolites was identical to 4HBT (4-hydroxy benzothiophene), the phenol of Mobam. The other two metabolites did not possess the carbonyl carbon of Mobam and therefore involved hydrolysis of the ester linkage. Water soluble metabolites of Mobam and 4HBT were produced by NADPH-dependent microsomal reactions. One of the metabolites contained the carbonyl carbon of Mobam but not the ring moiety. The added cofactors UDPGA (uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid) and ATP/SO₄[subscript =]/Mg⁺⁺ resulted in the formation of specific metabolites of the ring moiety. One of these products is tentatively identified as the glucuronide of 4HBT. No reaction between the carbamic acid portion of the carbamate and UDPGA was observed. In vivo metabolism of Mobam or 4HBT led to the rapid excretion or expiration of the metabolic products. Approximately 80% of the ring moiety and more than 40% of the carbonyl carbon were excreted in the urine within 72 hours after treatment of the rat. An additional one-fourth of the carbonyl carbon was expired as carbon dioxide indicating hydrolysis of the ester linkage and splitting of the C-N bond of the carbamic acid. Besides expired carbon dioxide, four other in vivo metabolites were characterized by their paper chromatographic Rf values. One of these metabolites arose from the carbamic acid moiety and the other three contained the ring structure but not the carbonyl carbon. One of the ring metabolites is tentatively identified as the glucuronide of 4HBT and another may be the sulfate conjugate of 4HBT. Each of the major metabolites of Mobam was also excreted by rats treated with 4HBT, demonstrating the close relationship between the metabolic fate of Mobam and its phenol. Advisors/Committee Members: Terriere, Leon C. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Miaullis, J. B. (1968). In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47592

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Miaullis, John Bartley. “In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat.” 1968. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47592.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Miaullis, John Bartley. “In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat.” 1968. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Miaullis JB. In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1968. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47592.

Council of Science Editors:

Miaullis JB. In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1968. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47592

Oregon State University

14. Forbusch, Isabelle Allie May. Utilization of hexoses by bakers' yeast.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 1957, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/51062

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Forbusch, I. A. M. (1957). Utilization of hexoses by bakers' yeast. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/51062

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Forbusch, Isabelle Allie May. “Utilization of hexoses by bakers' yeast.” 1957. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/51062.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Forbusch, Isabelle Allie May. “Utilization of hexoses by bakers' yeast.” 1957. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Forbusch IAM. Utilization of hexoses by bakers' yeast. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1957. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/51062.

Council of Science Editors:

Forbusch IAM. Utilization of hexoses by bakers' yeast. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1957. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/51062

Oregon State University

15. Remmert, LeMar Fred, 1916-. The metabolism of 1(-)-histidine in the normal rat.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 1942, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/53034

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Remmert, LeMar Fred, 1. (1942). The metabolism of 1(-)-histidine in the normal rat. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/53034

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Remmert, LeMar Fred, 1916-. “The metabolism of 1(-)-histidine in the normal rat.” 1942. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/53034.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Remmert, LeMar Fred, 1916-. “The metabolism of 1(-)-histidine in the normal rat.” 1942. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Remmert, LeMar Fred 1. The metabolism of 1(-)-histidine in the normal rat. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1942. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/53034.

Council of Science Editors:

Remmert, LeMar Fred 1. The metabolism of 1(-)-histidine in the normal rat. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1942. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/53034

Oregon State University

16. Stearman, Roebert Lyle. Norvaline and the metabolism of Escherichia coli.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 1949, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/53228

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stearman, R. L. (1949). Norvaline and the metabolism of Escherichia coli. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/53228

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stearman, Roebert Lyle. “Norvaline and the metabolism of Escherichia coli.” 1949. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/53228.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stearman, Roebert Lyle. “Norvaline and the metabolism of Escherichia coli.” 1949. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Stearman RL. Norvaline and the metabolism of Escherichia coli. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1949. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/53228.

Council of Science Editors:

Stearman RL. Norvaline and the metabolism of Escherichia coli. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1949. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/53228

Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ)

17. Anagnostou, Eleftherios. Ανοσοϊστοχημική διερεύνηση μεταβολικών βιοδεικτών στο αδενοκαρκίνωμα του ενδομητρίου σε σύγκριση με το φυσιολογικό και υπερπλαστικό ενδομήτριο.

Degree: 2019, Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ)

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/45545

►

Background: Cancer cells present higher metabolic needs in comparison to their normal, non-neoplastic counterparts. As a source for energy consumption, they consume carbohydrates. Moreover, increased… (more)

▼

Background: Cancer cells present higher metabolic needs in comparison to their normal, non-neoplastic counterparts. As a source for energy consumption, they consume carbohydrates. Moreover, increased fatty acid biosynthesis is noted in many malignancies. Methods: In this regard, we examined the immunohistochemical expression of GLUT-1 (which promotes glucose transport through the cellular membrane), and FASN (which catalyzes fatty acid synthesis) in 43 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 15 cases of serous endometrial carcinoma, eight (8) cases of clear cell endometrial carcinoma, 11 cases of atypical hyperplasia / endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia, 17 cases of simple hyperplasia, and 20 cases of normal endometrium. In addition, tumor-suppressor gene PTEN was immunohistochemically investigatedResults: We observed a gradually increased expression of both metabolic markers, progressing from benign conditions to malignancy. The most notable finding concerned the difference of FASN immunoreactivity between atypical hyperplasia and grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma (p = 0.01). Conclusion: GLUT-1 and FASN showed a gradually increased expression going from endometrial hyperplasia to carcinoma. PTEN showed loss of immunohistochemical expression in grade 2 adenocarcinoma, in comparison to grade 1 adenocarcinoma. We suggest that both GLUT1 and FASN immunohistochemistry may be used as an adjunct in the distinction between atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma in difficult cases.

Εισαγωγή: Τα νεοπλασματικά κύτταρα εμφανίζουν αυξημένες μεταβολικές ανάγκες σε σύγκριση με τα φυσιολογικά, μη-νεοπλασματικά κύτταρα. Χρησιμοποιούν τους υδατάνθρακες ως πηγή ενέργειας. Επιπλέον, η αυξημένη βιοσύνθεση λιπαρών οξέων έχει παρατηρηθεί σε πολλές κακοήθειες.Μέθοδοι: Μελετήθηκε η ανοσοϊστοχημική έκφραση του GLUT1 (μεταφορέας γλυκόζης εντός των κυττάρων) και της FASN (η οποία καταλύει τη σύνθεση λιπαρών οξέων) σε 43 περιστατικά ενδομητριοειδούς αδενοκαρκινώματος, 15 περιστατικά ορώδους καρκινώματος, οκτώ (8) περιστατικά διαυγοκυτταρικού καρκινώματος, 20 περιστατικά φυσιολογικού ενδομητρίου, 17 περιστατικά υπερπλασίας του ενδομητρίου χωρίς ατυπία και 11 περιστατικά άτυπης υπερπλασίας. Επιπρόσθετα, μελετήθηκε η ανοσοϊστοχημική έκφραση του ογκοκατασταλτικού γονιδίου ΡΤΕΝ.Αποτελέσματα: Παρατηρήθηκε σταδιακή αύξηση της έκφρασης αμφοτέρων των μεταβολικών δεικτών από καλοήθεις καταστάσεις προς την κακοήθεια. Η πιο σημαντική παρατήρηση ήταν η διάφορά της έκφρασης της FASN ανάμεσα στην άτυπη υπερπλασία και το ενδομητριοειδές αδενοκαρκίνωμα βαθμού 1 (p = 0.01).Συμπεράσματα: Ο GLUT1 και η FASN έδειξαν αυξημένη έκφραση από την υπερπλασία προς το καρκίνωμα του ενδομητρίου. Το ΡΤΕΝ έδειξε απώλεια της έκφρασής του στο ενδομητριοειδές αδενοκαρκίνωμα βαθμού 2, σε σχέση με το βαθμού 1. Οι δείκτες αυτοί θα μπορούσαν να χρησιμοποιηθούν σαν βοήθημα σε δύσκολες περιπτώσεις διαφορικής διάγνωσης.

Subjects/Keywords: Μεταβολισμός; Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Anagnostou, E. (2019). Ανοσοϊστοχημική διερεύνηση μεταβολικών βιοδεικτών στο αδενοκαρκίνωμα του ενδομητρίου σε σύγκριση με το φυσιολογικό και υπερπλαστικό ενδομήτριο. (Thesis). Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/45545

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Anagnostou, Eleftherios. “Ανοσοϊστοχημική διερεύνηση μεταβολικών βιοδεικτών στο αδενοκαρκίνωμα του ενδομητρίου σε σύγκριση με το φυσιολογικό και υπερπλαστικό ενδομήτριο.” 2019. Thesis, Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ). Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/45545.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Anagnostou, Eleftherios. “Ανοσοϊστοχημική διερεύνηση μεταβολικών βιοδεικτών στο αδενοκαρκίνωμα του ενδομητρίου σε σύγκριση με το φυσιολογικό και υπερπλαστικό ενδομήτριο.” 2019. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Anagnostou E. Ανοσοϊστοχημική διερεύνηση μεταβολικών βιοδεικτών στο αδενοκαρκίνωμα του ενδομητρίου σε σύγκριση με το φυσιολογικό και υπερπλαστικό ενδομήτριο. [Internet] [Thesis]. Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ); 2019. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/45545.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Anagnostou E. Ανοσοϊστοχημική διερεύνηση μεταβολικών βιοδεικτών στο αδενοκαρκίνωμα του ενδομητρίου σε σύγκριση με το φυσιολογικό και υπερπλαστικό ενδομήτριο. [Thesis]. Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH); Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ); 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/45545

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

18. Ahern, Siobhan. The role of the clock in lipid metabolism.

Degree: 2017, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:307231

► In mammals, the circadian clock coordinates multiple behavioural and physical processes, including energy homeostasis. At the centre of these rhythms lies the circadian clock machinery,… (more)

▼ In mammals, the circadian clock coordinates multiple behavioural and physical processes, including energy homeostasis. At the centre of these rhythms lies the circadian clock machinery, a precisely coordinated transcription-translation feedback system required to maintain the correct time. Metabolic homeostasis requires accurate and coordinated circadian timing within individual cells and tissues of the body. Moreover, recent evidence has shown that the coupling of circadian and metabolic circuits involves reciprocal regulatory feedback. In line with this, mounting evidence suggests that disruption of the clock contributes to the development of obesity and its comorbidities. This is particularly concerning given that modern lifestyles often undermine our bodies’ clock. However, the casual mechanisms which link circadian disruption to metabolic disease are not well defined. This work aims to gain a further understanding of clock control of metabolic homeostasis and especially regulation of lipid metabolism.This work uses dietary challenge to determine which peripheral clocks and downstream metabolic pathways are particularly susceptible to diet induced obesity (DIO). We demonstrate that although behavioural rhythmicity was maintained in DIO, gene expression profiling revealed tissue-specific alteration to the phase and amplitude of the molecular clockwork. Clock function was most significantly attenuated in visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) of DIO mice, and was coincident with elevated tissue inflammation, and dysregulation of clock-coupled metabolic regulators PPARα/γ.The rhythmic expression of Rev-erbα, a nuclear receptor involved in the circadian clock, was particularly affected in DIO mice. This study uses the Rev-erbα-/- mouse to explore clock-metabolic coupling, specifically lipid metabolism. In line with published work, Rev-erbα-/- mice exhibit an obese phenotype with associated upregulation in gWAT of lipogenic (Dgat2, Fasn) and fatty acid liberation (Lpl) genes. Differences in fat mobilization are observed as Rev-erbα-/- mice show a heightened insulin stimulated lipogenic drive and an attenuation of the lipolytic drive in the fasted state, suggesting an increased propensity for fat accumulation. The role of the clock was further investigated in adipose tissue by deletion of Bmal1 (clock ablation) or Rev-erbα (clock manipulation) specifically in adipocytes using Cre-Lox methodology. AdipoCREBmal1flox/flox mice showed attenuated feeding rhythms, indicating a direct effect of the adipocyte circadian clock on hypothalamic feeding centres and severe dysregulation of metabolic genes. However, AdipoCRERev-erbαflox/flox displayed very little phenotypic difference compared to control littermates, suggesting that global loss of Rev-erbα may have reinforcing metabolic consequences.This work suggests a key role of the clock in lipid handling and the pathogenesis of obesity. Insights into this link may lead to novel targets for treating both obesity and metabolic complications. Advisors/Committee Members: RAY, DAVID DW, COOPER, GARTH G, Ray, David, Bechtold, David, Cooper, Garth.

Subjects/Keywords: CIRCADIAN; METABOLISM

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ahern, S. (2017). The role of the clock in lipid metabolism. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:307231

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ahern, Siobhan. “The role of the clock in lipid metabolism.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:307231.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ahern, Siobhan. “The role of the clock in lipid metabolism.” 2017. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ahern S. The role of the clock in lipid metabolism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:307231.

Council of Science Editors:

Ahern S. The role of the clock in lipid metabolism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2017. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:307231

Wake Forest University

19. Breazeale, Jessie. Molecular Studies to Investigate 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate Metabolism Defects of Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 3.

Degree: 2014, Wake Forest University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10339/39248

► Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is marked by recurrent calcium oxalate kidney stones that form due to the overproduction of oxalate in the liver. PH is caused… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: hydroxyproline metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Breazeale, J. (2014). Molecular Studies to Investigate 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate Metabolism Defects of Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 3. (Thesis). Wake Forest University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10339/39248

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Breazeale, Jessie. “Molecular Studies to Investigate 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate Metabolism Defects of Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 3.” 2014. Thesis, Wake Forest University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10339/39248.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Breazeale, Jessie. “Molecular Studies to Investigate 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate Metabolism Defects of Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 3.” 2014. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Breazeale J. Molecular Studies to Investigate 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate Metabolism Defects of Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 3. [Internet] [Thesis]. Wake Forest University; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10339/39248.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Breazeale J. Molecular Studies to Investigate 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate Metabolism Defects of Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 3. [Thesis]. Wake Forest University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10339/39248

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oregon State University

20. Miaullis, John Bartley. In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat.

Degree: MS, Biochemistry and Biophysics, 1968, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47413

► In vitro studies of Mobam (4-benzo(b)thienyl N-methylcarbamate) metabolism have demonstrated that at least three ether soluble metabolites are formed in a microsomal system fortified with… (more)

▼ In vitro studies of Mobam (4-benzo(b)thienyl N-methylcarbamate) metabolism have demonstrated that at least three ether soluble metabolites are formed in a microsomal system fortified with reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide (NADPH). One of the metabolites was identical to 4HBT (4-hydroxy benzothiophene), the phenol of Mobam. The other two metabolites did not possess the carbonyl carbon of Mobam and therefore involved hydrolysis of the ester linkage. Water soluble metabolites of Mobam and 4HBT were produced by NADPH-dependent microsomal reactions. One of the metabolites contained the carbonyl carbon of Mobam but not the ring moiety. The added cofactors UDPGA (uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid) and ATP/SO₄[subscript =]/Mg⁺⁺ resulted in the formation of specific metabolites of the ring moiety. One of these products is tentatively identified as the glucuronide of 4HBT. No reaction between the carbamic acid portion of the carbamate and UDPGA was observed. In vivo metabolism of Mobam or 4HBT led to the rapid excretion or expiration of the metabolic products. Approximately 80% of the ring moiety and more than 40% of the carbonyl carbon were excreted in the urine within 72 hours after treatment of the rat. An additional one-fourth of the carbonyl carbon was expired as carbon dioxide indicating hydrolysis of the ester linkage and splitting of the C-N bond of the carbamic acid. Besides expired carbon dioxide, four other in vivo metabolites were characterized by their paper chromatographic Rf values. One of these metabolites arose from the carbamic acid moiety and the other three contained the ring structure but not the carbonyl carbon. One of the ring metabolites is tentatively identified as the glucuronide of 4HBT and another may be the sulfate conjugate of 4HBT. Each of the major metabolites of Mobam was also excreted by rats treated with 4HBT, demonstrating the close relationship between the metabolic fate of Mobam and its phenol. Advisors/Committee Members: Terriere, Leon C. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Miaullis, J. B. (1968). In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47413

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Miaullis, John Bartley. “In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat.” 1968. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47413.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Miaullis, John Bartley. “In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat.” 1968. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Miaullis JB. In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1968. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47413.

Council of Science Editors:

Miaullis JB. In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 4-benzo(b)thienyl-N-methylcarbamate and 4-hydroxy benzothiophene by the white rat. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1968. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47413

Oregon State University

21. Jones, Dallas Eugene. The catabolism of gluconate in Escherichia coli.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 1961, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/50573

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jones, D. E. (1961). The catabolism of gluconate in Escherichia coli. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/50573

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jones, Dallas Eugene. “The catabolism of gluconate in Escherichia coli.” 1961. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/50573.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jones, Dallas Eugene. “The catabolism of gluconate in Escherichia coli.” 1961. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Jones DE. The catabolism of gluconate in Escherichia coli. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 1961. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/50573.

Council of Science Editors:

Jones DE. The catabolism of gluconate in Escherichia coli. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 1961. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/50573

University of Cape Town

22. Cheetham, Richard William Spencer. Pituitary-gonadal control of creatinine metabolism.

Degree: Doctoral, Division of Physiological Sciences, 1937, University of Cape Town

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31918

► The endocrine in general for a considerable period have been known to exert a humoraal action on the body, controlling its functions to a large… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cheetham, R. W. S. (1937). Pituitary-gonadal control of creatinine metabolism. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31918

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cheetham, Richard William Spencer. “Pituitary-gonadal control of creatinine metabolism.” 1937. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cape Town. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31918.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cheetham, Richard William Spencer. “Pituitary-gonadal control of creatinine metabolism.” 1937. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Cheetham RWS. Pituitary-gonadal control of creatinine metabolism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cape Town; 1937. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31918.

Council of Science Editors:

Cheetham RWS. Pituitary-gonadal control of creatinine metabolism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cape Town; 1937. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31918

University of Manitoba

23. Kim, Eun Ran. Roles of xenin in the regulation of energy balance: central nervous system control of food intake and body weight by xenin.

Degree: Physiology, 2010, University of Manitoba

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/5006

► Xenin, a gastrointestinal peptide, is structurally similar to neurotensin which functions as a satiety factor via neurotensin receptor 1 (Ntsr1). Metabolic effect of the adipocyte… (more)

▼ Xenin, a gastrointestinal peptide, is structurally similar to neurotensin which functions as a satiety factor via neurotensin receptor 1 (Ntsr1). Metabolic effect of the adipocyte hormone leptin is partially mediated through the Ntsr1 and interleukin 1 type I receptor (IL-1RI) in the central nervous system (CNS). Xenin reduces food intake when administered centrally and peripherally. Apart from its acute feeding-suppressing effect, the distinct metabolic action of xenin and the mechanism of xenin-induced anorexia remain to be elucidated. We hypothesized that prolonged xenin treatment reduces food intake and body weight and increases energy expenditure. We also hypothesized that xenin reduces food intake by activating CNS signalling pathways including Ntsr1 and IL-1RI and by interacting with leptin. To address these hypotheses, we examined (1) the effect of xenin treatment on food intake, energy expenditure and body weight in wild-type, Ntsr1-deficient and IL-1RI-deficient mice, (2) the effect of xenin on hypothalamic Fos and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) expression in wild-type mice, and (3) the effect of co-injection of xenin and leptin on food intake and body weight in wild-type mice. Daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) xenin treatment (6-10 days) significantly reduced body weight gain and adiposity with a transient reduction in food intake in wild-type mice. Xenin treatment (i.p.) caused a significant reduction in respiratory quotient without changes in energy expenditure. Xenin treatment increased hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) mRNA levels and reduced acyl-coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) mRNA levels in white adipose tissue. Xenin (i.p.) increased the number of Fos-immunoreactive cells in the hypothalamus and the brainstem and increased hypothalamic IL-1β mRNA levels. The anorectic effects of xenin and leptin were abolished or attenuated in mice lacking Ntsr1 or IL-1RI. I.p. co-administration of xenin and leptin caused greater reductions in food intake and body weight compared to leptin alone and xenin alone. These data suggest that long-term xenin treatment reduces body weight by reducing food intake and increasing fat oxidization. Xenin reduces food intake by activating CNS signalling pathways involving Ntsr1 and IL-1 possibly through the interaction with leptin. These findings implicate xenin and its downstream mediators as potential targets for anti-obesity drugs. Advisors/Committee Members: Mizuno, Tooru (Physiology) (supervisor), Pierce, Grant (Physiology) Shiu, Robert (Physiology) Bergen, Hugo ( Human anatomy and cell science) Havel, Peter J(University of California, Davis) (examiningcommittee).

Subjects/Keywords: xenin; metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kim, E. R. (2010). Roles of xenin in the regulation of energy balance: central nervous system control of food intake and body weight by xenin. (Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/5006

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kim, Eun Ran. “Roles of xenin in the regulation of energy balance: central nervous system control of food intake and body weight by xenin.” 2010. Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/5006.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kim, Eun Ran. “Roles of xenin in the regulation of energy balance: central nervous system control of food intake and body weight by xenin.” 2010. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Kim ER. Roles of xenin in the regulation of energy balance: central nervous system control of food intake and body weight by xenin. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2010. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/5006.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kim ER. Roles of xenin in the regulation of energy balance: central nervous system control of food intake and body weight by xenin. [Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/5006

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

24. Bergentall, Mattias. On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism.

Degree: 2017, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/50862

► The gut microbiota, a complex and dynamic community of microbes in the mammalian gut, has coevolved with us for ample time providing mutual benefits. However,… (more)

▼ The gut microbiota, a complex and dynamic community of microbes in the mammalian gut, has coevolved with us for ample time providing mutual benefits. However, mechanistic knowledge of these has been limited, but are now becoming increasingly clear. We used germ-free mice to study three aspects of host physiology; the effects of the microbiota on small intestinal postnatal vascularization (I), small intestinal permeability (II), as well as the interplay between the gut microbiota and a steatogenic diet and the subsequent effects on hepatic metabolism (III). In Paper I we found a new mechanism underlying microbiota-induced vascular remodeling in the small intestinal villi. This mechanism involves activation of protease activated receptor-1(PAR1) induced by microbial regulation of tissue factor activity. As a consequence of PAR1 signaling we observe increased angiopoietin expression in the intestinal epithelium and subsequent expansion of blood vasculature. In Paper II we applied Ussing chambers to determine small intestinal permeability and observed increased permeability in conventionally raised (CONV-R) mice, compared with germ-free (GF) mice. This was accompanied by reduced mRNA expression of tight junction proteins and ultrastructure analyses revealed wider tight junctions and reduced numbers of desmosomes. The alterations between GF and CONV-R mice were abolished in the absence of farnesoid X receptor. In Paper III we investigated if the gut microbiota interacted with dietary sucrose to induce hepatic steatosis. GF and CONV-R mice were fed a zero-fat, high-sucrose diet (ZFD) or control diet and we observed a synergistic effect of diet and microbiota on hepatic steatosis by induction of de novo lipogenesis. Furthermore, we could establish a central role for the transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) in this process. In conclusion, these studies show that the microbiota induces expansion of intestinal vasculature and increased permeability, which may both contribute to metabolic effects. Further, the microbiota is required for a zero-fat, high sucrose diet to be steatogenic. This could give rise to novel treatment options for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Keywords: Gut microbiota, Intestinal permeability, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ISBN: 978-91-629-0121-9 (TRYCK) ISBN: 978-91-628-0122-6 (PDF)

Subjects/Keywords: microbiota; metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bergentall, M. (2017). On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism. (Thesis). University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2077/50862

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bergentall, Mattias. “On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism.” 2017. Thesis, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/50862.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bergentall, Mattias. “On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism.” 2017. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Bergentall M. On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/50862.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bergentall M. On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism. [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/50862

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Aberdeen

25. Pfau, Thomas. Modelling metabolic interactions in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis.

Degree: Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics., 2013, University of Aberdeen

URL: http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=202144 ; http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:1801/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=202144&custom_att_2=simple_viewer

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pfau, T. (2013). Modelling metabolic interactions in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Aberdeen. Retrieved from http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=202144 ; http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:1801/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=202144&custom_att_2=simple_viewer

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pfau, Thomas. “Modelling metabolic interactions in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Aberdeen. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=202144 ; http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:1801/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=202144&custom_att_2=simple_viewer.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pfau, Thomas. “Modelling metabolic interactions in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis.” 2013. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Pfau T. Modelling metabolic interactions in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Aberdeen; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=202144 ; http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:1801/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=202144&custom_att_2=simple_viewer.

Council of Science Editors:

Pfau T. Modelling metabolic interactions in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Aberdeen; 2013. Available from: http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=202144 ; http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:1801/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=202144&custom_att_2=simple_viewer

26. Petruno, Michael James. An investigation of the metabolic cost of tasks involving isometric pull.

Degree: Industrial and Systems Engineering, 1964, Texas Tech University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/14786

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Petruno, M. J. (1964). An investigation of the metabolic cost of tasks involving isometric pull. (Thesis). Texas Tech University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2346/14786

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Petruno, Michael James. “An investigation of the metabolic cost of tasks involving isometric pull.” 1964. Thesis, Texas Tech University. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2346/14786.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Petruno, Michael James. “An investigation of the metabolic cost of tasks involving isometric pull.” 1964. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Petruno MJ. An investigation of the metabolic cost of tasks involving isometric pull. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas Tech University; 1964. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/14786.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Petruno MJ. An investigation of the metabolic cost of tasks involving isometric pull. [Thesis]. Texas Tech University; 1964. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/14786

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Arizona

27. Campbell, Maria Anita Davis, 1912-. The basal metabolism of normal college men born and reared in Arizona .

Degree: 1943, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553652

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Campbell, Maria Anita Davis, 1. (1943). The basal metabolism of normal college men born and reared in Arizona . (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553652

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Campbell, Maria Anita Davis, 1912-. “The basal metabolism of normal college men born and reared in Arizona .” 1943. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553652.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Campbell, Maria Anita Davis, 1912-. “The basal metabolism of normal college men born and reared in Arizona .” 1943. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Campbell, Maria Anita Davis 1. The basal metabolism of normal college men born and reared in Arizona . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 1943. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553652.

Council of Science Editors:

Campbell, Maria Anita Davis 1. The basal metabolism of normal college men born and reared in Arizona . [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 1943. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553652

University of Arizona

28. Ridgway, Ada May, 1918-. Basal energy expenditure of the high school girl of Southern Arizona correlated with age .

Degree: 1947, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553729

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ridgway, Ada May, 1. (1947). Basal energy expenditure of the high school girl of Southern Arizona correlated with age . (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553729

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ridgway, Ada May, 1918-. “Basal energy expenditure of the high school girl of Southern Arizona correlated with age .” 1947. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553729.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ridgway, Ada May, 1918-. “Basal energy expenditure of the high school girl of Southern Arizona correlated with age .” 1947. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ridgway, Ada May 1. Basal energy expenditure of the high school girl of Southern Arizona correlated with age . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 1947. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553729.

Council of Science Editors:

Ridgway, Ada May 1. Basal energy expenditure of the high school girl of Southern Arizona correlated with age . [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 1947. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/553729

University of Arizona

29. Willard, Mary Elizabeth, 1917-. The basal metabolism of normal college women born and reared in Arizona .

Degree: 1942, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/551114

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism.

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Willard, Mary Elizabeth, 1. (1942). The basal metabolism of normal college women born and reared in Arizona . (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/551114

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Willard, Mary Elizabeth, 1917-. “The basal metabolism of normal college women born and reared in Arizona .” 1942. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/551114.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Willard, Mary Elizabeth, 1917-. “The basal metabolism of normal college women born and reared in Arizona .” 1942. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Willard, Mary Elizabeth 1. The basal metabolism of normal college women born and reared in Arizona . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 1942. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/551114.

Council of Science Editors:

Willard, Mary Elizabeth 1. The basal metabolism of normal college women born and reared in Arizona . [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 1942. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/551114

University of Hawaii – Manoa

30. Oeser, Steffen Gerd. The effects of genetics, epigenetics and obesity on ugt enzyme expression, activity and modeled hepatic clearance.

Degree: 2015, University of Hawaii – Manoa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/100386

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Ph.D. University of Hawaii at Manoa 2014.

The uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are, arguably, the most important pathway of conjugative metabolism responsible for inactivation of such… (more)

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Ph.D. University of Hawaii at Manoa 2014.

The uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are, arguably, the most important pathway of conjugative metabolism responsible for inactivation of such chemicals as exogenous chemicals as propofol and endogenous compounds like testosterone and bilirubin. Despite this, little is known about how they may be impacted by demographic variables such as ethnicity, obesity or sex. With obesity at epidemic proportions worldwide, this has important implications for drug and chemical toxicity. We hypothesized that since obesity causes a number of changes to both the phenotype and function of the liver, that UGT impairment might occur. Using biochemical activity assays, mass spectrometry and protein immunoblot, we show that with increasing obesity activity is reduced for isoforms UGT1A, 1A4, and 1A9. When all obese individuals are classified as "overweight and/or obese" and compared to normal weight individuals (utilizing body mass index categories established by the Centers for Disease Control), we see that isoforms 1A1, 1A6, 1A9 and 2B7 have significantly lower activity for the overweight group. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling was also used to show the total liver clearance for the substrates used was significantly lower for UGT1A, 1A9, and 1A4 and lower for 1A6 and 2B7 when catgorized. Isoform specific sex differences exist showing activities of UGT1A1, 1A6 and 1A9 significantly decreased with increasing BMI in males, but not females, which showed general 1A to be significantly decreased in the obese group. Comparisons illustrated excellent concordance between mass spectrometry and protein levels for UGT1A1, 1A6, 1A9 and 2B7 and with fluorescence activity for UGT1A1 and 1A9. In short, the activities of UGT enzymes are decreased by obesity and there may be sex differences within this result. Though not able to elucidate the cause of the impairment to UGT activity and clearance, ethnically linked epigenetic regulation of UGT2B15 gene expression was seen that is tethered to a deletion of the UGT2B17 both of which have important implications in androgen metabolism.

Subjects/Keywords: conjugative metabolism

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Oeser, S. G. (2015). The effects of genetics, epigenetics and obesity on ugt enzyme expression, activity and modeled hepatic clearance. (Thesis). University of Hawaii – Manoa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10125/100386

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Oeser, Steffen Gerd. “The effects of genetics, epigenetics and obesity on ugt enzyme expression, activity and modeled hepatic clearance.” 2015. Thesis, University of Hawaii – Manoa. Accessed February 24, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/100386.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Oeser, Steffen Gerd. “The effects of genetics, epigenetics and obesity on ugt enzyme expression, activity and modeled hepatic clearance.” 2015. Web. 24 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Oeser SG. The effects of genetics, epigenetics and obesity on ugt enzyme expression, activity and modeled hepatic clearance. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hawaii – Manoa; 2015. [cited 2021 Feb 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/100386.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Oeser SG. The effects of genetics, epigenetics and obesity on ugt enzyme expression, activity and modeled hepatic clearance. [Thesis]. University of Hawaii – Manoa; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/100386

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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