subject:(Membrane fouling)

Delft University of Technology

1. Looman, Miranda (author). Membrane fouling: Study on fouling inside an Organ on a Chip.

Degree: 2018, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6e555ea-0655-4fdd-87aa-f802a0bf1b08

►

Organ on a Chip (OoC) systems are of high interest through its use for medicine testing in a small time scale without the need for… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane; Fouling; microfluidics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Looman, M. (. (2018). Membrane fouling: Study on fouling inside an Organ on a Chip. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6e555ea-0655-4fdd-87aa-f802a0bf1b08

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Looman, Miranda (author). “Membrane fouling: Study on fouling inside an Organ on a Chip.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6e555ea-0655-4fdd-87aa-f802a0bf1b08.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Looman, Miranda (author). “Membrane fouling: Study on fouling inside an Organ on a Chip.” 2018. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Looman M(. Membrane fouling: Study on fouling inside an Organ on a Chip. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6e555ea-0655-4fdd-87aa-f802a0bf1b08.

Council of Science Editors:

Looman M(. Membrane fouling: Study on fouling inside an Organ on a Chip. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2018. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6e555ea-0655-4fdd-87aa-f802a0bf1b08

Vanderbilt University

2. Wang, Zhangxin. Fouling and Wetting in Membrane Distillation: Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies.

Degree: PhD, Environmental Engineering, 2018, Vanderbilt University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14224

► Growing water scarcity and rising environmental awareness have posed stricter regulations on industrial wastewater disposal. Since many types of industrial wastewater contains significant amount of… (more)

▼ Growing water scarcity and rising environmental awareness have posed stricter regulations on industrial wastewater disposal. Since many types of industrial wastewater contains significant amount of salts, desalination is a necessity for responsible wastewater disposal. Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging thermal desalination technology using a microporous hydrophobic membrane. Compared to reverse osmosis, the state-in-the-art desalination technology, MD has several advantages including the capability of utilizing low-grade waste heat, availability for treating hypersaline brines, low capital cost, and small footprint. However, the adoption of MD in industry is still limited mainly due to certain constraints with conventional hydrophobic membranes, in particular membrane fouling and wetting. Membrane fouling refers to the blockage of membrane pores by hydrophobic contaminants that are rich in certain industrial wastewater. Membrane wetting refers to the penetration of membrane pores by salty solution, which undermines salt rejection. Membrane wetting usually occurs in the presence of low-surface-tension water-miscible liquids (e.g. alcohols) or amphiphilic molecules (e.g. surfactants) in feed waters. In this dissertation, we elucidated the mechanisms of membrane fouling and wetting, and provided corresponding mitigation strategies. For membrane fouling, we studied the impacts of surface wetting property and surface charge on the fouling resistance of the MD membranes, and thereby provided guidance for the construction of fouling-resistance membranes. For membrane wetting, we firstly developed a novel impedance-based method for monitoring dynamic pore wetting. With this impedance-based method, we compared membrane pore wetting induced by different wetting agents of different nature and elucidated the different wetting mechanisms. Furthermore, we developed a mathematical model to predict the breakthrough time of pore wetting induced by surfactants, which can correctly predict the effects of operating conditions and surfactant species. Finally, with the fundamental understandings of fouling and wetting, we analyzed the strategies for sustaining robust MD operations with different types of feed waters using MD membranes with different wettability. Advisors/Committee Members: Florence Sanchez (committee member), Alan Bowers (committee member), Paul E. Laibinis (committee member), G. Kane Jennings (committee member), Shihong Lin (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: wetting mitigation; fouling mitigation; membrane wetting; membrane distillation; membrane fouling

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, Z. (2018). Fouling and Wetting in Membrane Distillation: Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14224

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Zhangxin. “Fouling and Wetting in Membrane Distillation: Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14224.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Zhangxin. “Fouling and Wetting in Membrane Distillation: Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies.” 2018. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Wang Z. Fouling and Wetting in Membrane Distillation: Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14224.

Council of Science Editors:

Wang Z. Fouling and Wetting in Membrane Distillation: Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14224

University of Technology, Sydney

3. Pradhan, M. Hydrodynamic study on fouling control in submerged membrane microfiltration.

Degree: 2012, University of Technology, Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/23476

► Application of air flow is a promising hydrodynamic technique for membrane fouling control in submerged membrane separation systems. This thesis investigates the effect of operating… (more)

▼ Application of air flow is a promising hydrodynamic technique for membrane fouling control in submerged membrane separation systems. This thesis investigates the effect of operating conditions and hydrodynamic parameters on membrane fouling during submerged membrane microfiltration. The experiments were conducted under different operating conditions such as the application of various air flow rates, permeate flux rates, the addition of external materials (granular activated carbon: GAC, ferric chloride: FeCl3) and with different feed properties (varying viscosity) for model feed suspension (kaolin clay). Membrane fouling was examined with the different geometries of air diffuser plates that generate different sizes of air bubbles. Additionally, this study reports on the effect of adsorbents on the removal of organic matter during the microfiltration of synthetic wastewater. Membrane fouling was evaluated with a popular hydrodynamic approach: the application of air flow in submerged flat sheet membrane microfiltration. The investigation focused on the measurement of transmembrane pressure (TMP), particle deposition (fouling) and particle size distribution to assess membrane fouling under a variety of filtration conditions. The experimental results show that an increase in air flow rate reduces TMP as well as particle deposition for all the operating conditions studied. Conversely, an increase in permeate flux causes higher TMP development. The linear relationship between the TMP and particle deposition has been established for different air flow and permeate flow rates. Based on experiments, a particle deposition mathematical model was developed for a high concentration of kaolin clay in suspension. In the case of a higher viscosity of feed, elevated TMP indicated higher fouling; however, TMP was reduced by increasing the flow of air bubbles (higher air scour). The high energy requirement for air flow systems is a challenging issue in submerged membranes, and this study therefore suggests alternative techniques for optimising the air flow rate and limiting fouling. The addition of external material (support medium) in the kaolin suspension caused a further reduction in membrane fouling that was the result of air scour only. Almost the same reduction in TMP was obtained by adding a support medium instead of doubling the air flow rate. Therefore, the addition of a support medium with low air flow could offer a good alternative for the control of fouling in a submerged membrane microfiltration system. Furthermore, different geometries of air diffuser plates had a significant influence on the performance of the submerged membrane microfiltration. Improved reductions in TMP and particle deposition were observed with the circular aerator (small bubbles) rather than the square aerator (large air bubbles). The results in this study highlight that the effectiveness of the air flow depends on the geometry of the aerator plates and the consequent production of different sizes of air bubbles. The optimisation of the combined…

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane technology.; Microfiltration.; Fouling.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pradhan, M. (2012). Hydrodynamic study on fouling control in submerged membrane microfiltration. (Thesis). University of Technology, Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10453/23476

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pradhan, M. “Hydrodynamic study on fouling control in submerged membrane microfiltration.” 2012. Thesis, University of Technology, Sydney. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10453/23476.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pradhan, M. “Hydrodynamic study on fouling control in submerged membrane microfiltration.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Pradhan M. Hydrodynamic study on fouling control in submerged membrane microfiltration. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Technology, Sydney; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/23476.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pradhan M. Hydrodynamic study on fouling control in submerged membrane microfiltration. [Thesis]. University of Technology, Sydney; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/23476

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

4. Renkens, Tennie. Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions.

Degree: MS, 0231, 2012, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31985

► Changes in the structure of the SW30HR RO membrane exposed to seawater, phosphate buffer, and standard seawater disinfected with monochloramine (NH2Cl) are investigated. Three types… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: reverse osmosis membrane; fouling; halogenation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Renkens, T. (2012). Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31985

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Renkens, Tennie. “Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions.” 2012. Thesis, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31985.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Renkens, Tennie. “Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Renkens T. Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31985.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Renkens T. Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31985

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of New Mexico

5. Miller, Michelle. Investigation of Membrane Fouling and Cleaning in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation of Municipal Wastewater.

Degree: Civil Engineering, 2015, University of New Mexico

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/30354

► Municipal wastewater discharge to the environment is generally subject to regulations established under the Clean Water Act. Though the water is highly treated it is… (more)

▼ Municipal wastewater discharge to the environment is generally subject to regulations established under the Clean Water Act. Though the water is highly treated it is not suitable for human consumption. Increased interest in water reuse for potable supply introduces concern about trace constituents present in their water, such as pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors. Current treatment processes, such as reverse osmosis, are used to remove many of these compounds, but is expensive and energy intensive. The rise of interest in potable water reuse may cause consumers to be concerned about trace constituents present in their water and would require additional treatment. Membrane distillation may be applicable in some circumstances to treat the effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants with a low grade heat source for direct potable reuse. This project investigated the chemical cleaning efficiency of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on membrane wastewater effluent fouling for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) to help assist wastewater reuse become a reality. A laboratory scale DCMD system was designed and constructed including a warm feed loop and cold permeate loop to utilize a flat sheet, crossflow membrane cell. Treated wastewater effluent collected from the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (ABCWUA) Southside Water Reclamation Plant (SWRP) was used as the feed solution. The performance of the MD system was tested and evaluated using parameters including flow rate, feed and permeate temperature, feed water quality, permeate flux, membrane area, cross flow velocity, and membrane type and pore size. An (EDTA) cleaning solution was used to clean a 0.2μm polypropylene (PP) membrane that had reached a 50% flux decline due to wastewater effluent fouling. The cleaning process was repeated on the membrane three times to determine the effectiveness of removing wastewater effluent fouling by permeate flux recovery. Overall system data collection and analysis determined the influences of system parameters on permeate flux, constituent rejection, membrane fouling rate, and a membrane chemical cleaning. Results produced from this study give a better understanding of the membrane distillation process, and membrane cleaning when treating municipal wastewater effluent, and gives potential to DCMD for becoming an optional process for potable water reuse. Advisors/Committee Members: Howe, Kerry, Thomson, Bruce, Schuler, Andrew.

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane Distillation Wastewater Cleaning Fouling

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Miller, M. (2015). Investigation of Membrane Fouling and Cleaning in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation of Municipal Wastewater. (Masters Thesis). University of New Mexico. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1928/30354

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Miller, Michelle. “Investigation of Membrane Fouling and Cleaning in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation of Municipal Wastewater.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of New Mexico. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1928/30354.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Miller, Michelle. “Investigation of Membrane Fouling and Cleaning in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation of Municipal Wastewater.” 2015. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Miller M. Investigation of Membrane Fouling and Cleaning in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation of Municipal Wastewater. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of New Mexico; 2015. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/30354.

Council of Science Editors:

Miller M. Investigation of Membrane Fouling and Cleaning in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation of Municipal Wastewater. [Masters Thesis]. University of New Mexico; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/30354

University of Texas – Austin

6. -4271-5728. Microfiltration membrane fouling by oil/water emulsions.

Degree: PhD, Chemical Engineering, 2018, University of Texas – Austin

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/68758

► Membrane fouling is a major challenge faced by almost all water purification membrane processes, especially when challenged with complex fouling mixtures. Realistic feed streams often… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane; Fouling; Oil/water emulsion

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

-4271-5728. (2018). Microfiltration membrane fouling by oil/water emulsions. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/68758

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

-4271-5728. “Microfiltration membrane fouling by oil/water emulsions.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/68758.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

-4271-5728. “Microfiltration membrane fouling by oil/water emulsions.” 2018. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Vancouver:

-4271-5728. Microfiltration membrane fouling by oil/water emulsions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/68758.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Council of Science Editors:

-4271-5728. Microfiltration membrane fouling by oil/water emulsions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/68758

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

University of Ottawa

7. Walker, Steven. Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration of Ottawa River Water: Impact of Different Pre-treatment Schemes .

Degree: 2014, University of Ottawa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31323

► To minimize membrane fouling many water treatment plants pre-treat water prior to microfiltration (MF) or ultrafiltration (UF). Coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation is a common form of pre-treatment, but… (more)

▼ To minimize membrane fouling many water treatment plants pre-treat water prior to microfiltration (MF) or ultrafiltration (UF). Coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation is a common form of pre-treatment, but little research has been conducted on floatation as a part of the pre-treatment. The objective of this thesis is to compare pre-treatment with floatation and with sedimentation for Ottawa River water, a typical Northern Canadian water with a high natural organic matter (NOM) content and a large hydrophobic (HPO) NOM fraction. Fouling tests consisted of multiple filtration/backwashing cycles performed by an automated bench-scale UF hollow fiber membrane system. Test were conducted with Ottawa River water (ORW) and ORW subjected to three different types of pre-treatment conducted at closely-located full-scale water treatment plants, including one using floatation. Both Alum pre-treatments resulted in decreases in NOM (63% and 68% TOC) and HPO NOM (56% and 68%TOC) which helped to reduce fouling. However, the remaining NOM and HPO NOM still caused significant hydraulically and chemical irreversible fouling. The water pre-treated with floatation produced the least severe hydraulically irreversible fouling for all experiments while Raw ORW produced the highest. During the early stages of membrane filtration (~10 hours), the TMP sharply increases which may imply that adsorption is dominant. Statistical analysis during the initial stages of filtration showed that the HPO fraction of NOM was linked to hydraulically irreversible fouling, which may be attributed to adsorption. Raw ORW also had the highest hydraulically reversible fouling while all pre-treatments were able to reduce this type of fouling. Statistical analysis suggested that the transphilic (TPI) fraction of NOM and particulate organic carbon (POC) were responsible for hydraulically reversible fouling during subcritical flux experiments, which may be attributed to cake formation on the membrane surface. It was found that for all waters and experiments, hydraulically irreversible fouling was greater than hydraulically reversible fouling. This may be because of the high HPO concentrations in the ORW. Hydraulically reversible fouling and backwash efficiencies were found to fluctuate with time. It is hypothesised that the cake formation adheres to the membrane surface and is not fully removed until enough backwash pressure has developed. Further investigation into alternative cleaning procedures is required as the NaOH cleaning was not very effective for some of the pre-treated waters.

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane Filtration; Ultrafiltration; Membrane Fouling; Water Treatment

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Walker, S. (2014). Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration of Ottawa River Water: Impact of Different Pre-treatment Schemes . (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31323

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Walker, Steven. “Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration of Ottawa River Water: Impact of Different Pre-treatment Schemes .” 2014. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31323.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Walker, Steven. “Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration of Ottawa River Water: Impact of Different Pre-treatment Schemes .” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Walker S. Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration of Ottawa River Water: Impact of Different Pre-treatment Schemes . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31323.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Walker S. Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration of Ottawa River Water: Impact of Different Pre-treatment Schemes . [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31323

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Technology, Sydney

8. Zuthi, MFR. New mathematical models of biomass viability and membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor.

Degree: 2014, University of Technology, Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30377

► The optimized performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for wastewater treatment depends not only on the biomass viability but also on the dynamic effects of… (more)

▼ The optimized performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for wastewater treatment depends not only on the biomass viability but also on the dynamic effects of biomass properties on membrane fouling. This research developed new conceptual mathematical models of biomass viability and fouling using biomass parameters and operational parameters of an MBR. It also presents, as outcomes, new simple and practical models for tracking biomass viability and fouling of an MBR system. The proposed models can be used to track instability in the operation of an MBR, and consequently, measures can be taken to act against instability in the oxygen uptake and for fouling control. The proposed conceptual models include parameters such as the specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) of microorganisms, the soluble or colloidal chemical oxygen demand (COD) of effluent along with the mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) concentrations. The COD parameters of the models represent soluble microbial product (SMP) or bound extra-polymeric substances (bEPS) present within an MBR, offering the possibility of developing practical models with these easily measurable parameters. The experimental study investigated the effects of biomass parameters on SOUR in a lab-scale sponge submerged MBR (SSMBR) system. Statistical analyses of experimental results indicate that bEPS, SMP, MLSS and MLVSS had significant effects on SOUR and their relative influence on SOUR was EPS>bEPS>SMP>MLVSS/MLSS. The EPS is considered as a lumped parameter of SMP and bEPS. The progressive change of SMP and bEPS within the bioreactor consistently maintained a negative exponential correlation with SOUR, and two independent models of biomass viability were developed based on correlations among these parameters. Both the model simulations for biomass viability agreed well with experimental values of the SSMBR system. The simplified model of membrane fouling considered cake formation on the membrane and its pore blocking as the major processes of fouling. In the model, MLSS is used as a lumped parameter to describe the cake layer formation including the biofilm whereas SMP is assumed as the key contributor to pore fouling. The combined effects of aeration and backwash on detachment of membrane foulants, and new exponential coefficients are included to better describe the exponential increase of transmembrane pressure (TMP). With practical assumptions of these major processes, the new model successfully simulated the fouling phenomena with fairly accurate predictions of the rise of TMP for the operations of two lab-scale submerged MBR systems.

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane bioreactor.; Membrane fouling.; Biomass viability.; Wastewater.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zuthi, M. (2014). New mathematical models of biomass viability and membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor. (Thesis). University of Technology, Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30377

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zuthi, MFR. “New mathematical models of biomass viability and membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor.” 2014. Thesis, University of Technology, Sydney. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30377.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zuthi, MFR. “New mathematical models of biomass viability and membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor.” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Zuthi M. New mathematical models of biomass viability and membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Technology, Sydney; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30377.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zuthi M. New mathematical models of biomass viability and membrane fouling in a membrane bioreactor. [Thesis]. University of Technology, Sydney; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30377

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Technology, Sydney

9. Naidu, GD. Detailed study on membrane distillation : scaling and fouling control.

Degree: 2014, University of Technology, Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30409

► Around 40% of the world’s population lives in arid and semi-arid regions where rainfall is low. These regions are facing challenges of declining water tables… (more)

▼ Around 40% of the world’s population lives in arid and semi-arid regions where rainfall is low. These regions are facing challenges of declining water tables and increasing ground water salinity. Providing good quality drinking water for small communities in these areas is highly challenging. Although existing membrane technologies are able to produce potable quality water, issues such as high energy consumption, osmotic pressure constraint, brine management and large centralized designs make them unsuitable for application in these areas. Membrane distillation (MD), a thermal integrated membrane process, is a burgeoning technology with the potential to address and overcome these issues. As a vapour pressure operated system, MD is not restricted by saline feed solutions and therefore can achieve good quality distillate with minimal brine discharge. Furthermore, an MD system can be built as a standalone compact system suitable for small community application. The modest temperature requirement for MD operation (generally between 60°C to 80°C) enables the system to use alternative energy sources such as solar power. Despite such advantages, MD has not as yet been used widely in commercial applications. Several essential problems concerning MD process performance, namely, lower production rate, fouling propensity, energy efficiency and long term performance must be addressed. In this study, the performance of a scaled-up modified design vacuum membrane distillation system termed ‘vacuum multi effect membrane distillation (V-MEMD)’ was evaluated. A bench scale direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was employed for detailed fouling analysis. The four main sections of this work incorporate: (i) V-MEMD operation; (ii) scaling development in MD; (iii) organic fouling development in MD; and (iv) pretreatment and membrane cleaning in MD. These sections present and explain critical aspects of MD performance in the context of drinking water production. “V-MEMD operation” Firstly, in this study the beneficial features of a modified V-MEMD system were highlighted. These include the internal heating and internal condensing which reduces heat loss and makes operation possible at modest feed temperatures from 45°C to 55°C. A semi-empirical mathematical modeling in this study showed that operating at these feed temperature ranges minimized the effect of temperature polarization (TP) to a low range of between 0.96 and 0.99. The findings of the V-MEMD performance analysis indicated that feed temperature and permeate pressure were the most influential operating parameters. Lowering the permeate pressure from Pp =15.0 kPa to 10.0 kPa increased the permeate flux by almost 200%, whereby the highest permeate flux of 13.5 L m⁻² h⁻¹ (LMH) was achieved when the permeate pressure was reduced to Pp =5.0 kPa. In the V-MEMD concept, vacuum application is essential in order to create a sustainable driving force, especially for a scaled up modular unit with several membrane stages. At the same time, increased feed temperature exponentially…

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane distillation; Desalination technology.; membrane fouling.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Naidu, G. (2014). Detailed study on membrane distillation : scaling and fouling control. (Thesis). University of Technology, Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30409

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Naidu, GD. “Detailed study on membrane distillation : scaling and fouling control.” 2014. Thesis, University of Technology, Sydney. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30409.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Naidu, GD. “Detailed study on membrane distillation : scaling and fouling control.” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Naidu G. Detailed study on membrane distillation : scaling and fouling control. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Technology, Sydney; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30409.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Naidu G. Detailed study on membrane distillation : scaling and fouling control. [Thesis]. University of Technology, Sydney; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30409

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Technology, Sydney

10. Deng, Lijuan. Development of specific membrane bioreactors for membrane fouling control during wastewater treatment for reuse.

Degree: 2015, University of Technology, Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/44193

► In recent years, membrane fouling has become a critical issue of membrane bioreactor (MBR) in wastewater treatment. To resolve this obstacle, introducing biomass carriers or… (more)

▼ In recent years, membrane fouling has become a critical issue of membrane bioreactor (MBR) in wastewater treatment. To resolve this obstacle, introducing biomass carriers or flocculants into submerged MBR (SMBR) has become one of the effective technologies for membrane fouling control. This study aims to provide an in-depth analysis on membrane fouling behaviour in SMBRs with sponge and/or the patented green bioflocculant by considering the properties of activated sludge and cake layer. A new functional media (sponge modified plastic carrier) was also developed to enhance the performance of integrated moving bed biofilm reactor-membrane bioreactor (MBBR-MBR) systems. The results suggested that sponge addition in a SMBR (SSMBR) or bioflocculant addition in a SMBR (MBR-G) reduced cake layer formation and limited pore blocking, thus effectively minimizing membrane fouling. Better sludge characteristics were obtained in both of the SSMBR and the MBR-G due to less soluble microbial products (SMP), lower biomass growth and sludge viscosity, higher protein to polysaccharide ratio in extracellular polymeric substances, higher zeta potential, greater relative hydrophobicity, larger floc size and better flocculation ability. The presence of sponge or bioflocculant in the SMBR also eliminated extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), SMP and/or biopolymer clusters (BPC) on membrane surface. Consequently, cake layer (Rc) and pore blocking resistance (Rp) were decreased in the SSMBR and the MBR-G. A modified resistance-in-series model proposed for the SMBR with and without bioflocculant could quantitatively demonstrate the impacts of sludge characteristics on membrane fouling. In the SSMBR, a longer hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6.67 h permitted more considerably fouling reduction comparing to shorter HRTs (5.33 and 4.00 h). Moreover, lower Rp and Rc at the prolonged HRT were mainly ascribed to the elevated protein to polysaccharide ratio in SMP (SMPp/SMPc) of mixed liquor, together with the declined EPS and BPC in cake layer. SMP was not the primary membrane foulant when the SSMBRs were operated at different HRTs. Bioflocculant addition at the optimum HRT of 6.67 h further mitigated fouling in the SSMBR by improving activated sludge and cake layer characteristics. The integrated MBBR-MBR with the sponge modified plastic carriers showed better removal of DOC, NH₄₋N, T-N and PO₄₋P than the MBBR-MBR with plastic carriers only. Furthermore, the sponge modified plastic carriers also eliminated SMP of mixed liquor, and reduced SMP and BPC on membrane surface, which ameliorated membrane fouling, Rp and Rc as compared to the plastic carriers.

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane bioreactor.; Membrane fouling.; Biomass viability.; Wastewater.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Deng, L. (2015). Development of specific membrane bioreactors for membrane fouling control during wastewater treatment for reuse. (Thesis). University of Technology, Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10453/44193

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Deng, Lijuan. “Development of specific membrane bioreactors for membrane fouling control during wastewater treatment for reuse.” 2015. Thesis, University of Technology, Sydney. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10453/44193.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Deng, Lijuan. “Development of specific membrane bioreactors for membrane fouling control during wastewater treatment for reuse.” 2015. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Deng L. Development of specific membrane bioreactors for membrane fouling control during wastewater treatment for reuse. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Technology, Sydney; 2015. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/44193.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Deng L. Development of specific membrane bioreactors for membrane fouling control during wastewater treatment for reuse. [Thesis]. University of Technology, Sydney; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/44193

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Delft University of Technology

11. Peschard Navarrete, Rogelio (author). A Statistical Approach to Link Flux and Fouling to Sludge Characteristics for an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Dairy Cheese Wastewater.

Degree: 2020, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1ffd76ca-e200-4495-bdd8-85943e10be15

►

Fouling is the main limitation to the application of membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Understanding the complexity of fouling has led to better decision making for design… (more)

▼

Fouling is the main limitation to the application of membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Understanding the complexity of fouling has led to better decision making for design and operation of MBRs. However, studies have shown contradictory results of the impact of sludge characteristics on membrane filtration performance and fouling propensity. The purpose of this study was to characterize the sludge under different operating conditions of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating dairy wastewater, to assess the impact on the filtration. The real flux method was used to determine the flux, while the characteristics of the sludge varied in time. The real flux method is when the feed, retentate and transmembrane pressures are controlled to induce similar hydrostatic conditions applied in full-scale anMBR in crossflow configuration. Total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), viscosity, and different fractions of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) were performed for sludge characterization. The specific resistance to filtration (SRF), capillary suction time (CST), and supernatant filterability were used as parameters for filterability of the sludge and supernatant. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the correlation between the sludge characterization and the filterability methods. Five principal components (PC) attributing to 91% of the variance were extracted, based on an eigenvalue greater than 1. The principal components showed the correlation between the different variables studied. PC1 consisted of fraction of solids (total dissolved solids, VSS/TSS, and fixed suspended solids), the CST, and the normalized versions of the CST (CST/TSS, CST/Viscosity, CST/TSS/Viscosity). Five of the variables in PC1 are derived from the TSS concentration most likely indicating why they were grouped under this principal component. PC2 consisted of the particle size distribution of particles ranging from 0 to 10 micrometer. PC3 consisted mainly of a different fraction of solids (VSS, VS, TS, and TSS) and SRF. SRF is a function of TSS, this can explain why these variables were grouped together in PC3. PC4 consisted of the soluble and colloid particles. PC5 consisted of the hydrostatic conditions of the membrane. A multiple linear regression of the PC revealed statistically significance (ANOVA, p-value <0.05) to estimate the flux. A stepwise multiple linear regression was done to determine what variables can be used to estimate the flux based on the data obtained. The selection of the best model from the multilinear regression was based on the highest R squared value, statistical significance from ANOVA, and the variance inflation factor to take into consideration collinearity. Based on the criteria from the PCA and the multiple linear regression, the independent variables for predicting the flux were the CST/TSS, crossflow velocity, the SRF, and the VS/TS.

Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering

Advisors/Committee Members: van Lier, J.B. (mentor), Heijman, S.G.J. (graduation committee), Spanjers, H.L.F.M. (graduation committee), Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution).

Subjects/Keywords: Anaerobic membrane bioreactor; wastewater treatment; membrane fouling

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Peschard Navarrete, R. (. (2020). A Statistical Approach to Link Flux and Fouling to Sludge Characteristics for an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Dairy Cheese Wastewater. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1ffd76ca-e200-4495-bdd8-85943e10be15

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Peschard Navarrete, Rogelio (author). “A Statistical Approach to Link Flux and Fouling to Sludge Characteristics for an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Dairy Cheese Wastewater.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1ffd76ca-e200-4495-bdd8-85943e10be15.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Peschard Navarrete, Rogelio (author). “A Statistical Approach to Link Flux and Fouling to Sludge Characteristics for an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Dairy Cheese Wastewater.” 2020. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Peschard Navarrete R(. A Statistical Approach to Link Flux and Fouling to Sludge Characteristics for an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Dairy Cheese Wastewater. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2020. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1ffd76ca-e200-4495-bdd8-85943e10be15.

Council of Science Editors:

Peschard Navarrete R(. A Statistical Approach to Link Flux and Fouling to Sludge Characteristics for an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Dairy Cheese Wastewater. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2020. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1ffd76ca-e200-4495-bdd8-85943e10be15

University of New South Wales

12. Zhang, Zhenghua. Phosphorus removal and membrane fouling and cleaning in iron-dosed submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters.

Degree: Civil & Environmental Engineering, 2014, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54117 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:13120/SOURCE02?view=true

► Iron (Fe) has been widely dosed into membrane bioreactors (MBRs) in order to reduce organics in the supernatant, however limited information on the impact of… (more)

▼ Iron (Fe) has been widely dosed into membrane bioreactors (MBRs) in order to reduce organics in the supernatant, however limited information on the impact of Fe-dosing at the concentrations required for effective phosphorus (P) removal on MBR performance is available. Bench scale MBR studies revealed that influent phosphorus concentrations of 10 mg/L were consistently reduced to effluent concentrations of less than 0.02 mg/L and 0.03-0.04 mg/L when an Fe(III)/P molar ratio of 4.0 and Fe/P molar ratio (for both Fe(II) and Fe(III)) of 2.0 were used, respectively. The sub-critical fouling time (tcrit) after which fouling becomes much more severe was substantially shorter with Fe(III) dosing (672 hrs) than with Fe(II) dosing (1200-1260 hrs) at Fe/P molar ratios of 2.0. Not surprisingly, membrane fouling was substantially more severe at Fe/P ratios of 4. Fe(II) doses yielding Fe/P molar ratios of 2 or less with dosing to the aerobic chamber were found to be optimal in terms of P removal and fouling mitigation performance. In long term operation, however, the use of iron for maintaining appropriately low effluent P concentrations results in more severe irreversible fouling with amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide particles (AFO) and gelatinous assemblages containing Fe(III) bound to polysaccharide materials responsible for gel layer formation and pore blockage.The prevalent chemical cleaning agents, sodium hypochlorite and citric acid, are not particularly effective in removing iron species from the membrane, while ascorbic acid-mediated reductive and citric acid-ascorbic acid-mediated ligand-promoted reductive dissolution are extremely effective. The presence of oxygen reduced cleaning effectiveness as a result of the Fe(III)-catalyzed oxidation of ascorbate with Fe(III) replenished by the relatively rapid heterogeneous oxidation of Fe(II). The presence of citrate in the ascorbic acid solution enhanced the reductive dissolution due to the accumulation of surface Fe(III)CitFe(II) which, in turn, readily detaches to solution. Use of frequent replenishment of freshly prepared ascorbic acid and/or dual agents-ascorbic acid and citric acid under oxic conditions is recommended for the cleaning of iron-fouled membranes as a reasonable balance between cleaning effectiveness and cost. Advisors/Committee Members: Waite, T. David, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Leslie, Greg L., UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science & Technology, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane cleaning; Membrane bioreactor; Membrane fouling; Coagulant; Phosphorus removal; Ascorbic acid

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zhang, Z. (2014). Phosphorus removal and membrane fouling and cleaning in iron-dosed submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54117 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:13120/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhang, Zhenghua. “Phosphorus removal and membrane fouling and cleaning in iron-dosed submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54117 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:13120/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhang, Zhenghua. “Phosphorus removal and membrane fouling and cleaning in iron-dosed submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters.” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhang Z. Phosphorus removal and membrane fouling and cleaning in iron-dosed submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54117 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:13120/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Zhang Z. Phosphorus removal and membrane fouling and cleaning in iron-dosed submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2014. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54117 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:13120/SOURCE02?view=true

Penn State University

13. Bakhshayeshirad, Meisam. Performance Characteristics of Virus Filtration Membranes: Protein Fouling and Virus Retention .

Degree: 2011, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11994

► Preventing viral contamination is critical in the manufacturing of safe and effective biotherapeutic proteins. Virus filtration is an integral part of the overall strategy for… (more)

▼ Preventing viral contamination is critical in the manufacturing of safe and effective biotherapeutic proteins. Virus filtration is an integral part of the overall strategy for viral clearance of cell culture-based proteins. Virus filtration membranes provide a robust size-based removal of viruses through a multi-layer structure that is uniquely designed to provide high levels of viral clearance and significant recovery of the protein products. The objective of this thesis is to develop a more complete understanding of the fundamental mechanisms governing protein transport and fouling, as well as virus retention, during virus filtration. This includes the role of solution conditions, protein concentration, and membrane structure on protein transport, membrane fouling, and the observed decline in virus retention during virus filtration. Experimental studies were performed using three very different virus filters, the Pall Ultipor® DV20, the Millipore Viresolve® Pro, and the Millipore Viresolve® 180 membranes operated in both the standard and reverse flow orientations. The Viresolve® membranes have an asymmetric structure with a retentive skin layer on top of a more open substructure. In contrast, the Ultipor® DV20 membrane has a fairly homogenous (isotropic) pore structure. The decline in filtrate flux through the Viresolve membrane was primarily due to concentration polarization, with the extent of polarization dependent upon solution pH due to the pH dependence of the protein mass transfer coefficient. In contrast, the dominant mechanism of flux decline with the DV20 membrane was protein fouling due to the constriction of the membrane pores. Several novel approaches were developed to probe the pore morphology and retention characteristics of the virus filtration membranes. First, a dextran sieving test was developed that was appropriate for the large pores in virus filters. The dextran sieving profiles depend on both the pore size and the asymmetric structure of the virus filter. For example, the dextran sieving profiles for the Ultipor® DV20 membrane were slightly different in the two orientations, demonstrating that the DV20 membrane had a slightly non-homogeneous pore structure, in contrast to the highly asymmetric structure of the Viresolve® membranes. Second, a confocal scanning laser microscopy method was developed to directly visualize the capture of fluorescently labeled bacteriophage within the pore structure of the virus filters. Third, transmission electron microscopy was used to visualize the capture of nanometer-sized gold particles. Several different hypotheses were examined to describe the reduction in virus retention including: small pore plugging, virus polarization, virus breakthrough, and virus internal polarization. Experimental data for retention of PP7 bacteriophage through the DV20 membrane were consistent with predictions of the internal virus polarization model, in which the accumulation of viruses within the membrane matrix (but in the liquid phase within the porous… Advisors/Committee Members: Andrew Zydney, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Andrew Zydney, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Themis Matsoukas, Committee Member, Robert Martin Rioux Jr., Committee Member, Brian Dempsey, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: Virus Retention; Fouling; Membrane; Virus Filtration

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bakhshayeshirad, M. (2011). Performance Characteristics of Virus Filtration Membranes: Protein Fouling and Virus Retention . (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11994

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bakhshayeshirad, Meisam. “Performance Characteristics of Virus Filtration Membranes: Protein Fouling and Virus Retention .” 2011. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11994.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bakhshayeshirad, Meisam. “Performance Characteristics of Virus Filtration Membranes: Protein Fouling and Virus Retention .” 2011. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Bakhshayeshirad M. Performance Characteristics of Virus Filtration Membranes: Protein Fouling and Virus Retention . [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11994.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bakhshayeshirad M. Performance Characteristics of Virus Filtration Membranes: Protein Fouling and Virus Retention . [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11994

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Guelph

14. Pawloski, Jennifer. Scalability and Design of a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment.

Degree: PhD, School of Engineering, 2016, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/10016

► The topic of membrane performance and fouling in a membrane bioreactor system (MBR) has been extensively researched. Many approaches have been employed to explore the… (more)

▼ The topic of membrane performance and fouling in a membrane bioreactor system (MBR) has been extensively researched. Many approaches have been employed to explore the mechanisms behind fouling and how to control it. While a very well-studied topic, the vast majority of published results are based on lab-scale or small pilot-scale systems using synthetic wastewater. Very few studies have looked at the ability to scale the results of these studies to apply at full-scale. Use of real wastewater and testing at larger scales has been extremely limited. In an effort to close this fundamental research gap, a multi-year study on the impact system scale has on the short term membrane performance and fouling in MBR systems was conducted. Four systems of increasing size from a lab-scale system to a full-scale 3.0 million gallon/day plant were used to conduct the study. All four systems operated with municipal wastewater and used the same hollow fibre membrane. The applicability of scaling the results of small systems was explored by introducing a new evaluation approach using the difference in the ratio of solid mass flux (SMF) handled by the membranes to the amount of air mass flux (AMF) introduced to control membrane fouling. Recommendations on how to use small system data were proposed based on the findings. The impact key membrane module operational and design parameters have on fouling were also examined. The novel SMF to AMF analysis was applied to allow for comparison of results and helped determine which changes could lead to the best performance optimization. Finally, an Excel® based model capable of predicting lifecycle costs for MBR systems was developed. The model was found to be useful in predicting costs for up to six membrane products simultaneously. The impact of membrane design and operational parameters on lifecycle costs was explored using three similar products. The analysis included the impact of key operational and design parameters over a wide range of plant flow capacities. Results show that product properties and operational parameters can have a larger than expected impact on the lifecycle costs of a system. Advisors/Committee Members: Zhou, Hongde (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane Bioreactor; Wastewater Treatment; Fouling; Design

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pawloski, J. (2016). Scalability and Design of a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/10016

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pawloski, Jennifer. “Scalability and Design of a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Guelph. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/10016.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pawloski, Jennifer. “Scalability and Design of a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Pawloski J. Scalability and Design of a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/10016.

Council of Science Editors:

Pawloski J. Scalability and Design of a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2016. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/10016

University of Oxford

15. Shi, Xiafu. Mechanisms of membrane fouling by macromolecules at multiple scales during ultrafiltration.

Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Oxford

URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b9ffb933-fe45-4864-b20c-26f4714d3f02 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711790

► The thesis aims to gain a better understanding on the mechanisms of the complicated macromolecular fouling in ultrafiltration (UF). The work is divided into three… (more)

▼ The thesis aims to gain a better understanding on the mechanisms of the complicated macromolecular fouling in ultrafiltration (UF). The work is divided into three main parts. Firstly, comprehensive literature reviews on both membrane fouling and cleaning were carried out for a better overview on this problem. The findings such as the identification of the main foulants and the current knowledge on fundamental fouling mechanisms, directly contributed to further parts of the thesis. Secondly, a multiscale approach was developed to form generalised framework for modelling complex fouling scenarios. Two complex fouling models combining multi- ple fouling mechanisms were derived accordingly. The models were then applied to the filtration data collected from UF experiments (constant-pressure and dead-end) on three individual macromolecular solutes, i.e., dextran blue (DB), polyethylene oxide (PEO), and humic acid (HA), respectively. During the experiments, the effect of macromolecular concentration and transmembrane pressure was investigated. Using the appropriate combined model, the overall and initial fouling behaviours and the predominant fouling mechanisms at different stages of filtration were identified. The fouling parameters in the combined models were determined and found to be consistent with the existing theories. The switch points between the dominant fouling mechanisms were assessed using two methods (integral and differential), respectively. Comparing all the information together gave a comprehensive understanding of the physics involved in the macromolecular fouling. Finally, the effect of the deformability of a macromolecule on membrane fouling was studied. The sieving results from the experiments indicated a flux-dependent permeation during UF of the DB solution, hypothetically due to the elongational deformation of the large DB molecule (a linear polymer at 2000 kDa MWCO) under high velocity gradient at the pore entrance, allowing the molecule to adapt a smaller transversal size to enter pores at nominally 100 kDa cutoff. This not only increased the chances of permeation but also the probability of severe irreversible fouling. Subsequently, a mesoscopic model using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) was developed to investigate the blocking event at the pore entrance in the presence of a deformable linear macromolecule. The simulation results shed lights on the threshold permeating flux at which the molecular chains start to deform.

Subjects/Keywords: 660; Chemical engineering; ultrafiltration; fouling; membrane

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shi, X. (2014). Mechanisms of membrane fouling by macromolecules at multiple scales during ultrafiltration. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b9ffb933-fe45-4864-b20c-26f4714d3f02 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711790

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shi, Xiafu. “Mechanisms of membrane fouling by macromolecules at multiple scales during ultrafiltration.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b9ffb933-fe45-4864-b20c-26f4714d3f02 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711790.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shi, Xiafu. “Mechanisms of membrane fouling by macromolecules at multiple scales during ultrafiltration.” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Shi X. Mechanisms of membrane fouling by macromolecules at multiple scales during ultrafiltration. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b9ffb933-fe45-4864-b20c-26f4714d3f02 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711790.

Council of Science Editors:

Shi X. Mechanisms of membrane fouling by macromolecules at multiple scales during ultrafiltration. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2014. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b9ffb933-fe45-4864-b20c-26f4714d3f02 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711790

University of Bath

16. Lewis, William J. T. Advanced studies of membrane fouling : investigation of cake fouling using fluid dynamic gauging.

Degree: PhD, 2015, University of Bath

URL: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/advanced-studies-of-membrane-fouling(2538ec48-71f1-4948-b895-bbb0c56a1603).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646145

► Membrane filtrations are widely used in process industries but are almost always limited by fouling, a highly studied and significant problem. This is defined as… (more)

▼ Membrane filtrations are widely used in process industries but are almost always limited by fouling, a highly studied and significant problem. This is defined as unwanted material deposited on a membrane surface or within its pores, which can significantly impair performance and/or reduce operating life. The strategies to mitigate fouling include cleaning in place, modified membranes, and optimisation of operating conditions. In order to correctly select or target improvements to any such measures a detailed mechanistic understanding of the fouling process is important, which requires more than just performance data from unit operations. One key mechanism is that of cake fouling, which describes the build-up of particle layers on the surface of the membrane. Its growth and physical properties are difficult to assess. In this project the technique of fluid dynamic gauging (FDG) has been explored as a means to study cake fouling. This simple, yet robust method allows for estimation of thickness and strength of cake fouling at high concentrations and opacity, without any prerequisite knowledge of feed properties. Studies described herein focused on microfiltrations through cellulosic membranes. FDG was used to track cake growth during filtrations of polydisperse yeast suspensions (which contained large agglomerates), demonstrating its capability to work with non-ideal, food-like substances. Later studies used more predictable suspensions of hollow glass spheres, which were used to assess various filtration models. The most effective was found to be an interpretation of the critical flux laws, which were used to successfully identify pore fouling during filtrations of Kraft lignin, an observation supported by FDG measurements. Another novel achievement of this project was the development of an automated apparatus for performing FDG in cross-flow membrane filtration. This allowed for much faster acquisition of results, and demonstrated the potential for its development into an autonomous system capable of making thickness measurements on the fly during filtrations. The most reliable protocol for determining cake growth rates was by repeated filtrations in which destructive thickness testing was performed at selected time points. This was because continuous or even repeated thickness measurements during a single filtration were found to cause too much disturbance to the fouling layer. Computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate shear stress profiles on the fouling layer, while also providing a more accurate means to calibrate the automated apparatus. Erosion caused by FDG readings, when viewed under a microscope, was found to conform to the shear stress profiles predicted by simulations.

Subjects/Keywords: 660; membrane fouling; fluid dynamic gauging; microfiltration

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lewis, W. J. T. (2015). Advanced studies of membrane fouling : investigation of cake fouling using fluid dynamic gauging. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Bath. Retrieved from https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/advanced-studies-of-membrane-fouling(2538ec48-71f1-4948-b895-bbb0c56a1603).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646145

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lewis, William J T. “Advanced studies of membrane fouling : investigation of cake fouling using fluid dynamic gauging.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bath. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/advanced-studies-of-membrane-fouling(2538ec48-71f1-4948-b895-bbb0c56a1603).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646145.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lewis, William J T. “Advanced studies of membrane fouling : investigation of cake fouling using fluid dynamic gauging.” 2015. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Lewis WJT. Advanced studies of membrane fouling : investigation of cake fouling using fluid dynamic gauging. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Bath; 2015. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/advanced-studies-of-membrane-fouling(2538ec48-71f1-4948-b895-bbb0c56a1603).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646145.

Council of Science Editors:

Lewis WJT. Advanced studies of membrane fouling : investigation of cake fouling using fluid dynamic gauging. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Bath; 2015. Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/advanced-studies-of-membrane-fouling(2538ec48-71f1-4948-b895-bbb0c56a1603).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646145

De Montfort University

17. Paul, Parneet. Using traditional modelling approaches for a MBR system to investigate alternate approaches based on system identification procedures for improved design and control of a wastewater treatment process.

Degree: PhD, 2011, De Montfort University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2086/5387

► The specific research work described in this thesis forms part of a much larger research project that was funded by the Technology Programme of the… (more)

▼ The specific research work described in this thesis forms part of a much larger research project that was funded by the Technology Programme of the UK Government. This larger project considered improving the design and efficiency of membrane bioreactor (MBR) plant by using modelling, simulation and laboratory methods. This research work uses phenomenological mechanistic models based on MBR filtration and biochemical processes to measure the effectiveness of alternative behavioural models based upon input-output system identification methods. Both model types are calibrated and validated using similar plant layouts and data sets derived for this purpose. Results prove that although both approaches have their advantages, they also have specific disadvantages as well. In conclusion, the MBR plant designer and/or operator who wishes to use good quality, calibrated models to gain a better understanding of their process, should carefully consider which model type is selected based upon on what their initial modelling objectives are (e.g. using either a physically mechanistic model or an input-output behaviourial model). Each situation usually proves unique. In this regard, this research work creates a "Model Conceptualisation Procedure" for a typical MBR which can be used by future researchers as a theoretical framework which underpins any newly created model type. There has been insufficient work completed to date on using a times series input-output approach in the model development of a wastewater treatment plant, so only general conclusions can be made from this research work. However, it can be stated that this novel approach seems to be applicable for a membrane filtration model if care it taken to select appropriate input-output model structures, such as those suggested in the "Model Conceptualisation Procedure". In the case of the development of a MBR biological model, it is thought that a conventional Activated Sludge model produced by the IWA could be coupled to a input-output model structure as suggested by this report to give a hybrid model structure that may have the advantages of both model types. Further research work is needed in this area. Future work that should follow on from this research study should focus on whether these input-output models could be used for predictive control purposes, whether an integrated model could be created, and whether a benchmark could be created for the three main MBR configurations.

Subjects/Keywords: 600; membrane fouling; activated sludge; modeling; simulation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Paul, P. (2011). Using traditional modelling approaches for a MBR system to investigate alternate approaches based on system identification procedures for improved design and control of a wastewater treatment process. (Doctoral Dissertation). De Montfort University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2086/5387

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Paul, Parneet. “Using traditional modelling approaches for a MBR system to investigate alternate approaches based on system identification procedures for improved design and control of a wastewater treatment process.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, De Montfort University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/5387.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Paul, Parneet. “Using traditional modelling approaches for a MBR system to investigate alternate approaches based on system identification procedures for improved design and control of a wastewater treatment process.” 2011. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Paul P. Using traditional modelling approaches for a MBR system to investigate alternate approaches based on system identification procedures for improved design and control of a wastewater treatment process. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. De Montfort University; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2086/5387.

Council of Science Editors:

Paul P. Using traditional modelling approaches for a MBR system to investigate alternate approaches based on system identification procedures for improved design and control of a wastewater treatment process. [Doctoral Dissertation]. De Montfort University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2086/5387

University of Edinburgh

18. Alhseinat, Emad Yousef Mahmoud. Characterisation and prediction of crystallisation fouling in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane processes.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7844

► Membrane technologies are considered a promising solution for water scarcity in arid regions. However, fouling is a major challenge facing the application of membrane technologies.… (more)

▼ Membrane technologies are considered a promising solution for water scarcity in arid regions. However, fouling is a major challenge facing the application of membrane technologies. Fouling limits the economic viability and reduces the overall efficiency of membrane processes. Therefore, fouling mitigation is a crucial factor in spreading the use of membrane technologies for new applications. The first step in fouling mitigation is to predict the propensity of fouling. Unfortunately, there are immense limitations in current industrial practises for fouling propensity prediction. These limitations come from using outdated and inapplicable approaches, in which crucial assumptions are made. For example, in the case of crystallisation fouling or “scaling” one of the major simplifications is the use of pure scaling salt data to predict the propensity of scaling when, in reality, co-precipitation is present. This research work aims to introduce a new approach to systematic assessment of the fouling problem under real and complex conditions and to enhance understanding of the importance of including interactive effects and co-precipitation in the prediction of scaling propensity. In this research work a novel procedure accounting for the local variation of thermodynamic properties along a long membrane channel is proposed. A new approach considering ion interaction and process hydrodynamics for the prediction of the scaling propensity is then introduced. This new approach provides for the first time a completely theoretical assessment for pure salt scaling propensity along a full scale filtration channel without the use of any empirical constants. A new procedure for including the effect of co-precipitation on scaling propensity prediction is developed. The effect of process pressure on solubility products is included theoretically for the first time to enhance the accuracy of scaling propensity prediction during the full scale RO process. This research work helps to produce more reliable and accurate prediction of the onset of scaling which will help strategies to mitigate scaling and increase the overall efficiency of RO/NF processes. The new approach can be applied in practical situations and could be developed to a user-friendly programme able to give an accurate prediction of the fouling propensity in full scale processes allowing the optimisation of membrane processes accordingly. Moreover, comprehensive experimental work has been carried out during this PhD research work to enhance understanding of crystallisation fouling and coprecipitation. The effect of salinity and dissolved organics (DO) in CaSO4 and SrSO4 precipitation and co-precipitation are studied and discussed. Quantitative and qualitative thermodynamic and kinetic analyses combined with structural analyses of deposits are carried out to investigate the effect of salinity, DO presence and coprecipitation on SrSO4 and CaSO4 precipitation. The observations in this experimental study are very important for a deeper understanding of the effect of scaling salts’…

Subjects/Keywords: 628.1; reverse osmosis; nanofiltration; fouling; scaling; membrane

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Alhseinat, E. Y. M. (2013). Characterisation and prediction of crystallisation fouling in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane processes. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7844

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alhseinat, Emad Yousef Mahmoud. “Characterisation and prediction of crystallisation fouling in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane processes.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7844.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alhseinat, Emad Yousef Mahmoud. “Characterisation and prediction of crystallisation fouling in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane processes.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Alhseinat EYM. Characterisation and prediction of crystallisation fouling in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane processes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7844.

Council of Science Editors:

Alhseinat EYM. Characterisation and prediction of crystallisation fouling in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane processes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7844

University of Waterloo

19. Karimi, Masoomeh. Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Coagulant Dose and Permeate Flux on Membrane Fouling in a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor-Membrane Process.

Degree: 2012, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6626

► The application of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) to wastewater treatment is increasing due to their ability to operate at high biomass concentrations and to deliver effluents… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Fouling; moving bed biofilm reactor; Membrane; Coagulant

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APA (6^th Edition):

Karimi, M. (2012). Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Coagulant Dose and Permeate Flux on Membrane Fouling in a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor-Membrane Process. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6626

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Karimi, Masoomeh. “Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Coagulant Dose and Permeate Flux on Membrane Fouling in a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor-Membrane Process.” 2012. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6626.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Karimi, Masoomeh. “Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Coagulant Dose and Permeate Flux on Membrane Fouling in a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor-Membrane Process.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Karimi M. Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Coagulant Dose and Permeate Flux on Membrane Fouling in a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor-Membrane Process. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6626.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Karimi M. Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Coagulant Dose and Permeate Flux on Membrane Fouling in a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor-Membrane Process. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6626

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Waterloo

20. Stressmann, Maja. Membrane Fouling in Constant Permeate Flux Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Biological Solutions.

Degree: 2008, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3602

► This thesis investigates the fouling of a microfiltration membrane by biological solutions. Membrane fouling is recognized as a major drawback for the application of microfiltration… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Microfiltration; Membrane fouling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stressmann, M. (2008). Membrane Fouling in Constant Permeate Flux Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Biological Solutions. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3602

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stressmann, Maja. “Membrane Fouling in Constant Permeate Flux Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Biological Solutions.” 2008. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3602.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stressmann, Maja. “Membrane Fouling in Constant Permeate Flux Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Biological Solutions.” 2008. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Stressmann M. Membrane Fouling in Constant Permeate Flux Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Biological Solutions. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2008. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3602.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Stressmann M. Membrane Fouling in Constant Permeate Flux Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Biological Solutions. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3602

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of New South Wales

21. Dabestani, Shirin Sadat. Protein Recovery from Potato Processing Effluent Stream Using Ultrafiltration Membrane.

Degree: UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science & Technology, 2017, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/58525 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:46203/SOURCE02?view=true

► Wastewater effluent from potato processing industry is highly polluted and requires costly treatment systems before being discharged. However, this stream is rich in valuable contents… (more)

▼ Wastewater effluent from potato processing industry is highly polluted and requires costly treatment systems before being discharged. However, this stream is rich in valuable contents such as starch, protein and vitamins that can reduce the expenses for the plant and modify waste treatment, in case of recovery. Most of the potato processing companies use the simple hydro-cyclone systems to recover starch from the waste. However, the protein is still being wasted in many processing plants. There has been some approaches to recover potato protein from potato fruit juice (PFJ) which is the stream from potato starch manufacturing. Previous works have shown that the traditional methods for protein recovery, like concentration, precipitation and heat coagulation have not been successful in recovering high yield of high quality and functionality protein. The produced protein using these methods also cannot be used for human food due to denaturation, poor quality and functionality. Heat precipitation also resulted in low re-solubility of protein which makes the product to be useable for animal feed, although the method is being commercially used. Similarly, ion-exchange on carboxymethyl cellulose resulted in high yield of protein recovery with insolubility and acidic pH. Ion-exchange using Expanded Bed Adsorption (EBA) was successful to recover high yield of high quality and un-denatured potato protein but it is complex and expensive. Membrane ultrafiltration (UF) technology also achieved high yield of potato protein recovery as reported in the literature but it has not been commercialised due to membrane fouling issues while the technology has been widely used in food industry. In the current research work, potato protein recovery from potato processing water (PPW), which is the stream from chips production plant, was approached by using UF membrane with the focus on fouling minimization through pre-treatment strategies. The quality and functionality of the recovered protein was the assessed and compared to commercially available potato and pea protein. Process and product improvement through the study of dead-end and cross flow configuration and increasing the purity of the recovered protein was investigated by addition of diafiltration prior to scale up to pilot rig. A pilot scale rig was designed and built based on the experimental parameters to validate the process for commercial production. Advisors/Committee Members: Chen, Vicki, UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science & Technology, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Arcot, Jayashree, Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Fouling; Potato Protein; UF membrane; Pilot study

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dabestani, S. S. (2017). Protein Recovery from Potato Processing Effluent Stream Using Ultrafiltration Membrane. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/58525 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:46203/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dabestani, Shirin Sadat. “Protein Recovery from Potato Processing Effluent Stream Using Ultrafiltration Membrane.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/58525 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:46203/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dabestani, Shirin Sadat. “Protein Recovery from Potato Processing Effluent Stream Using Ultrafiltration Membrane.” 2017. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Dabestani SS. Protein Recovery from Potato Processing Effluent Stream Using Ultrafiltration Membrane. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/58525 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:46203/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Dabestani SS. Protein Recovery from Potato Processing Effluent Stream Using Ultrafiltration Membrane. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2017. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/58525 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:46203/SOURCE02?view=true

University of New South Wales

22. Xin, Yongjia. Effect of calcium and iron(III) on membrane fouling under conditions typical of submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters.

Degree: Civil & Environmental Engineering, 2015, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55075 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:36468/SOURCE02?view=true

► While the use of submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has risen dramatically during last decade, the most significant challenge still remaining is the reduction in… (more)

▼ While the use of submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has risen dramatically during last decade, the most significant challenge still remaining is the reduction in the severity of membrane fouling. In addition, this filtration technology performs poorly in removal of dissolved contaminants such as phosphorus with addition of adsorbing chemicals such as iron necessary to ensure satisfactory effluent quality. The addition of chemicals such as iron salts, which readily hydrolyse and precipitate as iron oxyhydroxides on addition to the wastewater stream, may however exacerbate the fouling problem, particularly in submerged MBRs where a sedimentation step is not used. In such situations, optimizing the dosage of iron salts is critical in ensuring the most cost effective performance of the MBR however, the relationship between iron dosage and membrane fouling is not completely understood. In particular, the presence of other wastewater constituents such as monovalent and divalent ions (such as sodium and calcium) may significantly influence the interaction of iron with soluble microbial products (SMP) present in the MBR supernatant. In this thesis, the model polysaccharide alginate is used to investigate the interplay between SMP and iron and calcium under conditions typical of a submerged membrane bioreactor. The concentration of calcium present is shown to be a critical determinant of the severity of membrane fouling with low concentrations inducing alginate gelation and resultant severe membrane fouling while higher calcium concentrations result in gel breakage and alginate aggregation resulting in formation of porous cakes which facilitate rapid filtration. Our results also demonstrate that the presence of sodium may lead to a worsening of fouling as these ions block binding sites and limit the ability of calcium to induce aggregation. Comparison of the properties of the alginate assemblages formed in the presence of iron indicate that the Fe-alginate deposits induce even more severe fouling than Ca-alginate gels with lower concentrations of iron than calcium required to induce gelation. Increasing the concentration of iron leads eventually to a reduction in fouling propensity, most likely as a result of the adsorption of alginate to oxyhydroxide surfaces rather than alginate bridging as was the case for calcium. Importantly, the presence of calcium in a system to which iron salts are dosed is shown to lead to a significant reduction in fouling propensity. Investigations with SMP from an actual wastewater plant reveal similar interplay with iron and calcium as observed in the alginate system and highlight the possibility of fouling control through careful manipulation of iron and calcium concentrations in the supernatant. Advisors/Committee Members: Waite, T. David, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Calcium; Membrane fouling; Alginate; Iron (III)

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Xin, Y. (2015). Effect of calcium and iron(III) on membrane fouling under conditions typical of submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55075 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:36468/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Xin, Yongjia. “Effect of calcium and iron(III) on membrane fouling under conditions typical of submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55075 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:36468/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Xin, Yongjia. “Effect of calcium and iron(III) on membrane fouling under conditions typical of submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters.” 2015. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Xin Y. Effect of calcium and iron(III) on membrane fouling under conditions typical of submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2015. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55075 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:36468/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Xin Y. Effect of calcium and iron(III) on membrane fouling under conditions typical of submerged membrane bioreactor treatment of wastewaters. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2015. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55075 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:36468/SOURCE02?view=true

University of Texas – Austin

23. Miller, Daniel Joseph Lang. Assessment of fouling in native and surface-modified water purification membranes.

Degree: PhD, Chemical Engineering, 2013, University of Texas – Austin

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25182

► Fouling is a major obstacle to the implementation of membranes in water purification applications. Hydrophilization of the membrane surface tends to mitigate fouling because hydrophobic… (more)

▼ Fouling is a major obstacle to the implementation of membranes in water purification applications. Hydrophilization of the membrane surface tends to mitigate fouling because hydrophobic interactions between foulants and the membrane are reduced. Polydopamine was deposited onto membranes to render their surfaces hydrophilic. The chemical structure of polydopamine, which was previously ambiguous, was investigated by many spectroscopic techniques. While previously thought to consist of covalently-linked monomers, polydopamine was found to be an aggregate of partly-oxidized dopamine units linked by strong, non-covalent secondary interactions. Polydopamine was also used as a platform for the molecular conjugation of other anti-fouling materials, such as poly(ethylene glycol), to the membrane surface. Membrane fouling was assessed by constant permeate flux crossflow filtration with an oil/water emulsion feed. The threshold flux – the flux at which the rate of fouling significantly increases – was determined by a well-established flux stepping technique. Membrane resistance evolution during fouling was compared for constant flux and constant transmembrane pressure operation using unmodified membranes. Below the threshold flux (slow fouling), good agreement in resistance evolution was found between the two operational modes; above the threshold flux, significant deviation was observed. The effect of polydopamine and polydopamine-g-poly(ethylene glycol) surface modifications was studied under constant flux crossflow fouling conditions. The surface modifications were found to increase the membrane resistance, resulting in higher transmembrane pressures in the modified membranes than in the unmodified membranes at fluxes below the threshold flux. Modified membranes were also compared to unmodified membranes with the same pure water permeance (same initial resistance). In this case, the modified membranes had lower transmembrane pressures during fouling than the unmodified membranes, suggesting that a preferred method of membrane surface modification is to begin with a membrane of higher permeance than required, and then surface-modify it to achieve the desired permeance. The efficacy of polydopamine and polydopamine-g-poly(ethylene glycol) surface modifications in reducing biofouling was also evaluated. Modified membranes showed reduced protein and bacterial adhesion in short-term tests, which are commonly used to assess biofouling propensity. However, long-term operation under hydrodynamic conditions mimicking those of an industrial module showed no benefit of the hydrophilic coatings in limiting biofouling. Advisors/Committee Members: Freeman, B. D. (Benny D.) (advisor), Paul, Donald R. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane; Fouling; Polydopamine; Water purification; Ultrafiltration

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APA (6^th Edition):

Miller, D. J. L. (2013). Assessment of fouling in native and surface-modified water purification membranes. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25182

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Miller, Daniel Joseph Lang. “Assessment of fouling in native and surface-modified water purification membranes.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25182.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Miller, Daniel Joseph Lang. “Assessment of fouling in native and surface-modified water purification membranes.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Miller DJL. Assessment of fouling in native and surface-modified water purification membranes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25182.

Council of Science Editors:

Miller DJL. Assessment of fouling in native and surface-modified water purification membranes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25182

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

24. Khan, Muhammad T. Fouling of Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Membrane: Chemical and Microbiological Characterization.

Degree: Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, 2013, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/311061

► In spite of abundant water resources, world is suffering from the scarcity of usable water. Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) desalination technology using polymeric membranes has… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Seawater Desalination; Reverse Osmosis; Biofilm; Membrane Fouling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Khan, M. T. (2013). Fouling of Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Membrane: Chemical and Microbiological Characterization. (Thesis). King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10754/311061

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Khan, Muhammad T. “Fouling of Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Membrane: Chemical and Microbiological Characterization.” 2013. Thesis, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/311061.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Khan, Muhammad T. “Fouling of Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Membrane: Chemical and Microbiological Characterization.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Khan MT. Fouling of Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Membrane: Chemical and Microbiological Characterization. [Internet] [Thesis]. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/311061.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Khan MT. Fouling of Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Membrane: Chemical and Microbiological Characterization. [Thesis]. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/311061

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

25. Al Ghamdi, Mohanned. Carbon dioxide nucleation as a novel cleaning method for ultrafiltration membranes.

Degree: Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, 2016, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/622917

► The use of low-pressure membranes, mainly ultrafiltration (UF), has emerged in the last decade and began to show acceptance as a novel pretreatment process for… (more)

▼ The use of low-pressure membranes, mainly ultrafiltration (UF), has emerged in the last decade and began to show acceptance as a novel pretreatment process for seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination. This is mainly due to the superior water quality provided by these membranes, in addition to reduction in chemicals consumption compared to conventional methods. However, membrane fouling remains the main drawback of this technology. Therefore, frequent cleaning of these membranes is required to maintain water flux and its quality. Usually, after a series of backwash using UF permeate chemical cleaning is required under some conditions to fully recover the operating flux. Frequent chemical cleaning will probably decrease the life time of the membrane, increase costs, and will have some effects on the environment. The new cleaning method proposed in this study consists of using a solution saturated with carbon dioxide (CO2) to clean UF membranes. Under the drop in pressure, this solution will become in a supersaturated state and bubbles will start to nucleate on the surface of the membrane and its pores from this solution resulting in the removal of the fouling material deposited on the membrane. Different compositions of fouling solutions including the use of organic compounds such as sodium alginate and colloidal 5 silica with different concentrations were studied using synthetic seawater with different concentrations. This cleaning method was then compared to the backwash using Milli-Q water and showed an improved performance compared to it. An operational modification to this cleaning technique was then investigated which includs a series of sudden pressure drop during the backwash process. This enhanced technique showed an even better performance in cleaning the membrane, especially at severe fouling conditions. In most cases, the membrane permeability was fully recovered even at harsh conditions where conventional backwash failed to maintain a stable operation. Therefore, the new cleaning method might provide an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative cleaning technique to low-pressure membranes technology in the future. Advisors/Committee Members: Wang, Peng (advisor), Ghaffour, NorEddine (committee member), Leiknes, TorOve (committee member), Lai, Zhiping (committee member), Amy, Gary L. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Ultrafiltration; Membrane; Cleaning; Carbon Dioxide; Nucleation; Fouling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Al Ghamdi, M. (2016). Carbon dioxide nucleation as a novel cleaning method for ultrafiltration membranes. (Thesis). King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10754/622917

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Al Ghamdi, Mohanned. “Carbon dioxide nucleation as a novel cleaning method for ultrafiltration membranes.” 2016. Thesis, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/622917.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Al Ghamdi, Mohanned. “Carbon dioxide nucleation as a novel cleaning method for ultrafiltration membranes.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Al Ghamdi M. Carbon dioxide nucleation as a novel cleaning method for ultrafiltration membranes. [Internet] [Thesis]. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/622917.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Al Ghamdi M. Carbon dioxide nucleation as a novel cleaning method for ultrafiltration membranes. [Thesis]. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/622917

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

26. Fortunato, Luca. Biofouling investigation in membrane filtration systems using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).

Degree: Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, 2017, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/625949

► Biofouling represents the main problem in membrane filtration systems. Biofouling arises when the biomass growth negatively impacts the membrane performance parameters (i.e. flux decrease and… (more)

▼ Biofouling represents the main problem in membrane filtration systems. Biofouling arises when the biomass growth negatively impacts the membrane performance parameters (i.e. flux decrease and feed channel pressure drop). Most of the available techniques for characterization of biofouling involve membrane autopsies, providing information ex-situ destructively at the end of the process. OCT, is non-invasive imaging technique, able to acquire scans in-situ and non-destructively. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of OCT as in-situ and non-destructive tool to gain a better understanding of biofouling behavior in membrane filtration systems. The OCT was employed to study the fouling behavior in two different membrane configurations: (i) submerged flat sheet membrane and (ii) spacer filled channel. Through the on-line acquisition of OCT scans and the study of the biomass morphology, it was possible to relate the impact of the fouling on the membrane performance. The on-line monitoring of biofilm formation on a flat sheet membrane was conducted in a gravity-driven submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) for 43 d. Four different phases were observed linking the variations in permeate flux with changes in biofilm morphology. Furthermore, the biofilm morphology was used in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to better understand the role of biofilm structure on the filtration mechanisms. The time-resolved OCT analysis was employed to study the biofouling development at the early stage. Membrane coverage and average biofouling layer thickness were found to be linearly correlated with the permeate flux pattern. An integrated characterization methodology was employed to characterize the fouling on a flat sheet membrane, involving the use of OCT as first step followed by membrane autopsies, revealing the presence of a homogeneous layer on the surface. In a spacer filled channel a 3D OCT time series analysis of biomass development under representative conditions for a spiral-wound membrane element was performed. Biomass accumulation was stronger on the feed spacer during the early stage, impacting the feed channel pressure drop more than the permeate flux. OCT biofilm thickness map was presented as new tool to evaluate the biofouling development in membrane filtration systems through the use of a false color scale. Advisors/Committee Members: Leiknes, TorOve (advisor), Heidrich, Wolfgang (committee member), Saikaly, Pascal (committee member), Vigneswaran, Saravanamuthu (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Biofouling; Desalination; OCT; Biofilm; Fouling; Membrane

11 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fortunato, L. (2017). Biofouling investigation in membrane filtration systems using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). (Thesis). King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10754/625949

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fortunato, Luca. “Biofouling investigation in membrane filtration systems using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).” 2017. Thesis, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/625949.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fortunato, Luca. “Biofouling investigation in membrane filtration systems using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).” 2017. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Fortunato L. Biofouling investigation in membrane filtration systems using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). [Internet] [Thesis]. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/625949.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Fortunato L. Biofouling investigation in membrane filtration systems using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). [Thesis]. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/625949

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Technology, Sydney

27. [No author]. Development of a novel polysilicate ferric coagulant and its application to coagulation-membrane filtration hybrid system in wastewater treatment.

Degree: 2014, University of Technology, Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30352

► Coagulation is one of the effective pretreatment stages in membrane filtration of wastewater to produce clean water. Using a suitable coagulant can mitigate membrane fouling.… (more)

▼ Coagulation is one of the effective pretreatment stages in membrane filtration of wastewater to produce clean water. Using a suitable coagulant can mitigate membrane fouling. Membrane fouling is a process where solute or particles deposit onto a membrane surface or into membrane pores in a way that degrades the membrane performance. Research in this area is currently being focused on development of improved coagulation reagents such as polysilicate ferric (PSiFe), which has a high molecular weight and large number of positive surface charges with high efficiency at low doses. In this thesis, PSiFe has prepared based on the following approaches: (a) acidification of water glass solution using HCl followed by FeCl₃ addition and (b) acidification of water glass solution by passing it through an acidic ion exchange resin followed by fresh FeCl₃ addition under different Fe/Si molar ratios. These coagulants were characterised by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. According to coagulation jar test results, when Fe/Si=1 the best performance was achieved in terms of the turbidity, the total organic carbon (TOC) and UV₂₅₄ removals. In this study, a thorough experimental program has been carried out to compare the performance of three different coagulants including the existing PSiFe, FeCl₃ and the modified PSiFe. The results clearly indicated that in a membrane filtration system using the modified PSiFe not only reduces the required transmembrane pressure (TMP) due to lower fouling, but also improves the TOC removal efficiency. The outcome of this research provides an efficient coagulant, which can create a sustainable coagulation-membrane filtration system with a lower consumption of chemicals compared to traditional coagulants, and lower fouling that consequently leads to minimum operating and maintenance costs. The findings of this research have also revealed that the performance of the target coagulant, PSiFe-γ, is superior to conventional reagents. Hence, this coagulant and the developed procedure in this study can be used in industry to enhance the coagulation process for achieving a more effective wastewater treatment procedure.

Subjects/Keywords: Wastewater treatment.; Polysilicate ferric.; Coagulation.; Membrane fouling.; Membrane filtration.; Transmembrane pressure.

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APA (6^th Edition):

author], [. (2014). Development of a novel polysilicate ferric coagulant and its application to coagulation-membrane filtration hybrid system in wastewater treatment. (Thesis). University of Technology, Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30352

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

author], [No. “Development of a novel polysilicate ferric coagulant and its application to coagulation-membrane filtration hybrid system in wastewater treatment.” 2014. Thesis, University of Technology, Sydney. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30352.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

author], [No. “Development of a novel polysilicate ferric coagulant and its application to coagulation-membrane filtration hybrid system in wastewater treatment.” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

author] [. Development of a novel polysilicate ferric coagulant and its application to coagulation-membrane filtration hybrid system in wastewater treatment. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Technology, Sydney; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30352.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

author] [. Development of a novel polysilicate ferric coagulant and its application to coagulation-membrane filtration hybrid system in wastewater treatment. [Thesis]. University of Technology, Sydney; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10453/30352

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Arkansas

28. Sardari, Kamyar. Membrane-based Separation Processes for Treating High Salinity Produced Waters.

Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2840

► Produced waters (PW) generated in the oil and gas industry within the United States often contain extreme levels of total dissolved solids (TDS). These… (more)

▼ Produced waters (PW) generated in the oil and gas industry within the United States often contain extreme levels of total dissolved solids (TDS). These high TDS waste streams need to be treated cost-effectively as the costs associated with the current management techniques can exceed 15 USD per barrel of discharged PW. Thermally and osmotically-driven membrane separation technologies can show promising potential for treating high TDS waste streams, as onsite low-grade waste heat may be used for their operation. In this dissertation, the application of membrane distillation (MD), forward osmosis (FO) and a hybrid FO-MD process for treating synthetic and actual high TDS PW is investigated. The aim is to maximize water recovery and minimize the high TDS sludge volume. A number of commercially available hydrophobic membranes with varying properties have been extensively characterized and tested in a bench-scale MD system. A bulk membrane structural parameter has been defined and used to identify membranes that display the highest permeate fluxes. Then, the maximum achievable brine concentration for higher flux membranes was determined. When treating actual PW feed streams, which contain not only high TDS, but also dissolved organics, surfactants and low surface tension contaminants, pretreatment of the feed is essential to suppress the onset of membrane fouling. In this study, the feasibility of electrocoagulation (EC) followed by MD is investigated. EC was reported effective in mitigating fouling during MD. FO is another emerging membrane-based separation technology that could find niche applications in the treatment of oil and gas PW. Here, the feasibility of treating hydraulic fracturing PW using a combined EC-FO process has been investigated. EC is shown to be effective for removing suspended solids and organic compounds which foul the membrane during FO. By accounting for internal and external concentration polarization as well as fouling, the expected FO flux may be determined. Finally, we have studied hybrid FO-MD system and shown that this process integration can combine the advantages of both processes; low fouling tendency and high quality permeate. The actual treatment used, EC-MD, EC-FO or EC-FO-MD will depend on the quality of the PW. Advisors/Committee Members: Ranil Wickramasinghe, David Ford, Lauren Greenlee.

Subjects/Keywords: Electrocoagulation; Forward Osmosis; Fouling; Membrane Distillation; Produced Water; Treatment; Membrane Science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sardari, K. (2018). Membrane-based Separation Processes for Treating High Salinity Produced Waters. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2840

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sardari, Kamyar. “Membrane-based Separation Processes for Treating High Salinity Produced Waters.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arkansas. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2840.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sardari, Kamyar. “Membrane-based Separation Processes for Treating High Salinity Produced Waters.” 2018. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Sardari K. Membrane-based Separation Processes for Treating High Salinity Produced Waters. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arkansas; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2840.

Council of Science Editors:

Sardari K. Membrane-based Separation Processes for Treating High Salinity Produced Waters. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arkansas; 2018. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2840

University of New South Wales

29. Chai, Milton. Development of a novel rotational vibration hollow fibre membrane system and its application for the fractionation of high concentration process fluids.

Degree: UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science & Technology, 2019, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/63246 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:59972/SOURCE02?view=true

► Vibrating membrane systems have utility for feed streams with high viscosity and high solids concentrations such as milk protein concentrates (MPC) and yeast suspensions. Transverse… (more)

▼ Vibrating membrane systems have utility for feed streams with high viscosity and high solids concentrations such as milk protein concentrates (MPC) and yeast suspensions. Transverse vibration of high viscosity MPC60 and MPC66 solutions (12.93 cP and 21.06 cP at 10 ºC) at a constant permeate flux of 10 L/m² h and 5 L/m² h maintained high transmission of whey proteins (α-Lactalbumin and β-Lactoglobulin) while fully rejecting casein micelles. Substitution of a novel rotational vibration mechanism for the transverse mechanism resulted in less deposition of protein during the filtration of MPC60, which was attributed to the attenuation of large casein micelle aggregates due to centrifugal force generated by rotational oscillation.Rotational vibration reduced fouling (dTMP/dt = 0.005 kPa/min) and consumed less power (0.048 W) compared to transverse vibration (dTMP/dt = 0.011 kPa/min at 0.077 W) during 20 h of filtration of 200 g/L yeast suspension under similar vibration conditions of 10.3 Hz and 36.7˚ (equivalent to 4 mm amplitude). In longer term experiments (26 h) the rotational vibration system maintained a stable TMP of approximately 13 kPa with high protein transmission of 84% at 15 L/m² h. Moreover, the use of intermittent shear enhancement and periodical relaxation in conjunction with vibration provided additional fouling control.A numerical model, incorporating Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to simulate shear stress distribution, was developed for cake formation on a hollow fibre membrane bundle subjected to rotational vibration. The model can effectively simulate the dynamic relationship between shear stress and cake formation with a limitation for the case at high membrane vibration frequency and high amplitude. Furthermore, it was determined that the shear stress on the fibres in the bundle was higher and more evenly distributed with an increase in spacing between fibres.The experimental and numerical observations suggest that the use of a vibrating membrane may be a viable alternative when conventional fouling control strategies, such as cross-flow, are less effective and less economical in applications at high recovery and on feeds with elevated suspended solids and viscosity. Advisors/Committee Members: Leslie, Gregory Lawrence, UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science & Technology, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Chen, Vicki, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture & Information Technology at the University of Queensland, Liu, Xuefei, UNSW Centre for Transformational Environmental Technologies (CTET), UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Submerged hollow fibre membrane; Membrane vibration; Fouling control and characterisation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chai, M. (2019). Development of a novel rotational vibration hollow fibre membrane system and its application for the fractionation of high concentration process fluids. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/63246 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:59972/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chai, Milton. “Development of a novel rotational vibration hollow fibre membrane system and its application for the fractionation of high concentration process fluids.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/63246 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:59972/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chai, Milton. “Development of a novel rotational vibration hollow fibre membrane system and its application for the fractionation of high concentration process fluids.” 2019. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Chai M. Development of a novel rotational vibration hollow fibre membrane system and its application for the fractionation of high concentration process fluids. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2019. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/63246 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:59972/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Chai M. Development of a novel rotational vibration hollow fibre membrane system and its application for the fractionation of high concentration process fluids. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2019. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/63246 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:59972/SOURCE02?view=true

University of New South Wales

30. Luo, Yunlong. Advanced system characterisation for the optimisation of membrane photobioreactors for simultaneous wastewater treatment and biomass production.

Degree: Chemical Engineering, 2019, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/62445 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:58586/SOURCE02?view=true

► The on-going development of microalgal wastewater treatment technology has seen the recent implementation of membrane photobioreactors (MPBR) and polyculture systems, that are designed to enhance… (more)

▼ The on-going development of microalgal wastewater treatment technology has seen the recent implementation of membrane photobioreactors (MPBR) and polyculture systems, that are designed to enhance biomass production, harvesting and nutrient uptake simultaneously. Previous research has attempted to assess these systems using conventional analytical techniques, for example, gravimetric methods. This project aims to extend previous research by providing advanced MPBR system characterisation that improves understanding of the impact of operating conditions, wastewater characteristics, and microalgal species on biomass production, wastewater treatment and membrane permeability (if applicable). In doing so, potential strategies to enhance overall system performance can be identified. Through application of flow cytometry, it was determined that the homogeneity of a microalgal culture tended to reduce during long-term operation. The heterogenous biomass increased the complexity of the MPBR system characteristics. It was identified that the system parameters and operating conditions of microalgal bioreactors need to be assessed holistically, rather than being considered independently. For example, the MPBRs were found to produce faster growing, more dewaterable and less heterogenous cultures with smaller flocs at lower SRTs or when fed with wastewater containing mainly nitrate (instead of ammonium). However, these conditions resulted in reduced nutrient removal, and higher concentrations of organic foulants (particularly biopolymers) that led to more severe membrane fouling during high-flux tests. Compared to homogeneous systems, the use of polycultures was able to achieve more balanced system performance, which appears to be a feasible strategy to address such trade-offs. Co-culturing microalgae with bacteria was also observed to improve bioreactor efficiency if controlled properly, where it was demonstrated that a microalgae/activated sludge inoculation ratio of 10:1 (w:w) provided better overall performance compared to other ratios (5:1 and 20:1). In addition, higher bacterial abundance in the cultures enhanced system recovery during simulated hazardous events. Overall, an appropriately designed microalgal consortia, rather than monocultures, is recommended for future implementation of MPBR-based wastewater treatment. Advisors/Committee Members: Henderson, Rita, Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Le-Clech, Pierre, Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Biomass; Microalgae; Membrane photobioreactor; Nutrient removal; Membrane fouling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Luo, Y. (2019). Advanced system characterisation for the optimisation of membrane photobioreactors for simultaneous wastewater treatment and biomass production. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/62445 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:58586/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Luo, Yunlong. “Advanced system characterisation for the optimisation of membrane photobioreactors for simultaneous wastewater treatment and biomass production.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/62445 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:58586/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Luo, Yunlong. “Advanced system characterisation for the optimisation of membrane photobioreactors for simultaneous wastewater treatment and biomass production.” 2019. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Luo Y. Advanced system characterisation for the optimisation of membrane photobioreactors for simultaneous wastewater treatment and biomass production. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2019. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/62445 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:58586/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Luo Y. Advanced system characterisation for the optimisation of membrane photobioreactors for simultaneous wastewater treatment and biomass production. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2019. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/62445 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:58586/SOURCE02?view=true

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