subject:(Labour economics)

University of Oxford

1. Balgova, Maria. Job search and migration.

Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Oxford

URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9c056cc3-d64f-4475-943d-cf4c4c8cd1e2 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.816533

► Standard models of within-country mobility assume that all migration is speculative: workers move to search for jobs in other labour markets. I establish a new… (more)

▼ Standard models of within-country mobility assume that all migration is speculative: workers move to search for jobs in other labour markets. I establish a new stylised fact showing that the majority of cross-regional migration in the US is in fact with a job in hand, as a result of a job offer from another region. The fact that a significant fraction of migration is a result of cross-regional hiring, and that this hiring is subject to search and matching frictions, has important implications for the level of regional mobility and hence regional differences within a country. In the first two chapters, I show empirically that the availability of cross-regional employment opportunities does matter for workers’ migration behaviour. Using US panel data, I demonstrate that the observed gap in migration propensity between the more and less educated workers can be partly explained by differences in labour market frictions. The less educated workers find job search in more distant regions much more difficult, which limits their options to move for a specific job and reduces their overall mobility. This result opens a new policy channel in addressing regional differences and those left behind: the importance of the ability to find a job before moving suggests a large social return to improving regional search and matching for less educated groups. In the third chapter, I explore the theoretical implications of an imperfect search and matching process on the existence and persistence of regional disparities. First, I show that if the efficiency of the search and matching process increases in the size of the labour market, migration will serve to exacerbate, not equilibrate, the differences in regional economies. A bigger labour market will experience higher wages and lower unemployment rates, attracting migrants from other regions and thus accelerating the process of regional divergence. At the same time, larger labour market frictions in the smaller regions reduce firms’ incentives to hire there, curtailing cross-regional hiring and hence the opportunity to move for a specific job. The interaction of these two forces give rise to multiple equilibria and explain how, in the presence of labour market frictions, regional disparities can be large and persistent at the same time.

Subjects/Keywords: labour economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Balgova, M. (2019). Job search and migration. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9c056cc3-d64f-4475-943d-cf4c4c8cd1e2 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.816533

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Balgova, Maria. “Job search and migration.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9c056cc3-d64f-4475-943d-cf4c4c8cd1e2 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.816533.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Balgova, Maria. “Job search and migration.” 2019. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Balgova M. Job search and migration. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9c056cc3-d64f-4475-943d-cf4c4c8cd1e2 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.816533.

Council of Science Editors:

Balgova M. Job search and migration. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2019. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9c056cc3-d64f-4475-943d-cf4c4c8cd1e2 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.816533

University of Sydney

2. Kerr, Melissa. New South Wales Public Employment Services 1887-1942 .

Degree: 2012, University of Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8645

► Australian historical scholarship has traditionally neglected public employment services as an area of research. However, in recent years as the State has repositioned itself in… (more)

▼ Australian historical scholarship has traditionally neglected public employment services as an area of research. However, in recent years as the State has repositioned itself in the labour market the role of public employment services has become a popular area of debate. While contemporary scholars have contributed to these debates, their historical counterparts have been slower to follow suit. In overcoming this neglect, this thesis provides an historical examination of one of the earliest forms of state intervention into the Australian labour market: public employment services. This study examined the establishment and operations of public employment services in NSW from 1887 until 1942, when they were transferred across to the Federal Department of Labour and National Service, to comply with Commonwealth Wartime legislation. Within the Australian contemporary scholarship, public employment services have been conceptualised according to three dominant economic traditions: neo-classical economics, Keynesian economics and the writings of W.H. Beveridge. However, these traditions are predicated on inherent assumptions and predetermined outcomes, all of which fail to identify the origins and development of public employment services in Australia. Neo-classical economists have been the most critical arguing that the public provision of employments services is both inefficient and ineffective. Within the historical literature, Institutional economists in the United States have been influential in identifying the socio-economic factors that led to the development of the public employment services: asymmetrical labour market information and fraudulent acts perpetrated by private employment registries, all of which distorted the functioning of the labour market. By adopting the institutional economic approach, this thesis found that it was these socio-economic concerns that led to the introduction of the public employment service in NSW. This thesis disputes the claims of the neo-classical economists that the public employment services were both inefficient and ineffective, instead it argues that the public employment service played a pivotal role in the development of the NSW economy performing the role of labour market intermediary: channelling information and bringing together those wishing to buy and sell labour; while safeguarding those vulnerable in the labour market: the unemployed.

Subjects/Keywords: Labour Economics; Labour History; Unemployed

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kerr, M. (2012). New South Wales Public Employment Services 1887-1942 . (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8645

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kerr, Melissa. “New South Wales Public Employment Services 1887-1942 .” 2012. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8645.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kerr, Melissa. “New South Wales Public Employment Services 1887-1942 .” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kerr M. New South Wales Public Employment Services 1887-1942 . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8645.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kerr M. New South Wales Public Employment Services 1887-1942 . [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8645

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

3. Pande, Nidhi. Three Essays on Labor and Personality.

Degree: PhD, Economics, 2011, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/631

► In my essays I focus on personality and its impact on the labor market outcomes. Using a randomized experiment, the first essay examines the impact… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Economics; Labor; Labor; Personality

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pande, N. (2011). Three Essays on Labor and Personality. (Doctoral Dissertation). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/631

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pande, Nidhi. “Three Essays on Labor and Personality.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/631.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pande, Nidhi. “Three Essays on Labor and Personality.” 2011. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pande N. Three Essays on Labor and Personality. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/631.

Council of Science Editors:

Pande N. Three Essays on Labor and Personality. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/631

Harvard University

4. Diamond, Rebecca. Essays in Local Labor Economics.

Degree: PhD, Economics, 2013, Harvard University

URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12362593

►

This dissertation consists of three independent chapters. Chapter 1 examines the determinants and welfare implications of the increased geographic of workers by skill from 1980… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Economics, Labor; labor economics; urban economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Diamond, R. (2013). Essays in Local Labor Economics. (Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12362593

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Diamond, Rebecca. “Essays in Local Labor Economics.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12362593.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Diamond, Rebecca. “Essays in Local Labor Economics.” 2013. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Diamond R. Essays in Local Labor Economics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Harvard University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12362593.

Council of Science Editors:

Diamond R. Essays in Local Labor Economics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Harvard University; 2013. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12362593

University of California – Irvine

5. Williams, Katherine Ellyn. Essays on Policy Incentives and Labor Economics.

Degree: Economics, 2016, University of California – Irvine

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3vs7b4t1

► My dissertation broadly examines how individuals respond to incentives imbedded in various policy designs. I study a variety of policies, including teacher retirement incentives, child… (more)

▼ My dissertation broadly examines how individuals respond to incentives imbedded in various policy designs. I study a variety of policies, including teacher retirement incentives, child care subsidies, and the Earned Income Tax Credit. The evidence presented here is of importance to policy analysis and design.In the first chapter, I examine what types of teachers respond to early retirement incentives (ERIs). In recent years, many education programs have been faced with steep budget cuts. In response to these budget shortfalls, many school districts have turned to the use of ERIs to induce higher cost, but highly experienced teachers to retire. A key question is how these incentives affect students. Using a newly assembled panel dataset of school district ERI policies in California. I employ a difference-in-differences strategy and find that after districts offered retirement incentives, student test scores improved. These results suggest that less-effective, but highly experienced teachers respond the most to the retirement incentives. The second chapter examines whether child care subsidy policies, which are intended to provide work-related support for low income families, can actually discourage work. Specifically, I examine how the sharp phase-out of subsidy benefits creates an incentive for parents near the maximum income eligibility limits to lower their labor supply in order to qualify for the subsidy. I exploit recent changes in income eligibility thresholds across different states and years and construct an exogenous simulated measure of eligibility. I find that an increase in subsidy generosity, primarily driven by an increase in maximum income eligibility thresholds, has a net negative effect on hours and earnings for single mothers. Finally, the third chapter, which is joint work with Professor David Neumark, studies whether state supplemental Earned Income Tax Credits (EITCs) encourage participation in the federal EITC. The EITC provides refundable tax credit for working families with low to moderate income. Existing research has linked the EITC to many positive labor supply and welfare outcomes for low to moderate income families. States and local governments should be interested in maximizing participation of their constituents in the federal EITC not only because of these anti-poverty effects, but because of other economic benefits, such as an increase federal tax dollars being spent by EITC recipients. We use recent state EITC policy variation during a period when there were no major changes in the federal EITC to explore whether state EITCs actually influence participation in the federal program. We find evidence that state EITCs encourage federal participation for single filers with children.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Williams, K. E. (2016). Essays on Policy Incentives and Labor Economics. (Thesis). University of California – Irvine. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3vs7b4t1

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Williams, Katherine Ellyn. “Essays on Policy Incentives and Labor Economics.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Irvine. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3vs7b4t1.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Williams, Katherine Ellyn. “Essays on Policy Incentives and Labor Economics.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Williams KE. Essays on Policy Incentives and Labor Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3vs7b4t1.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Williams KE. Essays on Policy Incentives and Labor Economics. [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3vs7b4t1

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Berkeley

6. Xia, Xiaoyu. Essays on Decision Making in the Labor and Housing Market.

Degree: Economics, 2014, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v70g5vd

► My dissertation consists of three studies that incorporate behavioral economics element in analyzing decisions of individuals in the labor and housing market.The first chapter studies… (more)

▼ My dissertation consists of three studies that incorporate behavioral economics element in analyzing decisions of individuals in the labor and housing market.The first chapter studies how college students learn about the earning opportunities associated with different majors. I use data from two major longitudinal surveys to develop and estimate a learning model in which students update their expectations based on the contemporaneous earning realizations of older siblings and parents. Reduced-form models show that the probability of choosing a major that corresponds to the occupation of an older sibling or parent is strongly affected by whether the family member is experiencing a positive or negative earnings shock at the time the major choice is made. Building on this finding, I estimate a model of major choice that incorporates learning from family-based information sources. The results imply that students overestimate the predictive power of family members' earnings: the decision weight placed on family wage realizations is much larger than can be justified by the empirical correlation between their own earnings and their family members' earnings.My second chapter focuses on how time preference affect their job searching under unemployment insurance (UI) policies. Previous studies find that higher UI benefit, extended UI eligibility duration, bonus payment or severance pay affects unemployed workers' job-finding hazard rate but not the subsequent job match quality. I construct and estimate a dynamic job search model endogenizing both the search intensity and reservation wage with hyperbolic discounting. Using data from several state job bonus experiments from the 1980s (the Illinois UI Incentive Experiments), I find the model with hyperbolic discounting fits the effect of the job-bonus treatment better, and an unemployed worker's reservation wage decreases slower during search duration under the hyperbolic discounting framework, implying that bonus payments induce higher search effort but do not significantly decrease workers' reservation wages.The third chapter is a joint work with Tristan Gagnon-Bartsch and Antonio Rosato. In this study, we propose and empirically test a theoretical model of loss aversion in the housing market. Compared to the empirical findings of Genesove and Meyer (2001), our model makes a new prediction: sellers who suffer a relatively small loss (when the current market value is lower than the previous purchasing price) will set prices equal to their original purchase price. Hence the model predicts an asymmetric distribution of gains to sellers which assigns less mass to small negative values than to equally size positive values and has a spike at zero. We first use the same data-set used by Genesove and Meyer to test our new prediction and find that between 4% and 10% sellers incurring a loss ``bunch'' by asking a price within 5,000 dollars of the original purchasing price. We also collect new real-estate data from the San Francisco Bay Area in 2011 and find that the pricing behavior of…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Economics, Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Xia, X. (2014). Essays on Decision Making in the Labor and Housing Market. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v70g5vd

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Xia, Xiaoyu. “Essays on Decision Making in the Labor and Housing Market.” 2014. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v70g5vd.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Xia, Xiaoyu. “Essays on Decision Making in the Labor and Housing Market.” 2014. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Xia X. Essays on Decision Making in the Labor and Housing Market. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v70g5vd.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Xia X. Essays on Decision Making in the Labor and Housing Market. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2014. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v70g5vd

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Harvard University

7. Barrera, Catherine Grace. Skill, Job Design, and the Labor Market under Uncertainty.

Degree: PhD, Business Economics, 2014, Harvard University

URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12274210

► The labor market matches agents with work, but uncertainty over the type and location of available work reduces the efficiency with which skill can be… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Economics, Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Barrera, C. G. (2014). Skill, Job Design, and the Labor Market under Uncertainty. (Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12274210

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Barrera, Catherine Grace. “Skill, Job Design, and the Labor Market under Uncertainty.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12274210.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Barrera, Catherine Grace. “Skill, Job Design, and the Labor Market under Uncertainty.” 2014. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Barrera CG. Skill, Job Design, and the Labor Market under Uncertainty. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Harvard University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12274210.

Council of Science Editors:

Barrera CG. Skill, Job Design, and the Labor Market under Uncertainty. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Harvard University; 2014. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12274210

West Virginia University

8. Mwilaria, Shadrack. Three Essays on International Trade and Labor Market Flexibility.

Degree: PhD, Economics, 2012, West Virginia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.4901 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/4901

► Differences in labor laws and regulations are believed to have profound effects on the flow of jobs and workers within and across industries. The speed… (more)

▼ Differences in labor laws and regulations are believed to have profound effects on the flow of jobs and workers within and across industries. The speed of these flows consequently influence global trade patterns, either negatively or positively. Many countries are reluctant to change existing regulations in their labor market as well as regulations on trade because they believe such changes would have negative implication on their export industries and jobs. This dissertation consists of three essays that look at these issues by examining how labor institutions interact with industry-level factors and their effects on export specialization, trade barriers and employment.;In the first chapter, I examine the type of global specialization patterns that arise as a result of the advantage generated by the flexibility of labor in a country. In particular, I use country-industry pooled data to examine the relationship between industry-specific volatility, labor market flexibility and export specialization. I find that interactions between labor flexibility, industry-specific volatility and industry-level capital intensity play an important role in determining the structure of global export specialization. The second chapter shows that in addition to various industry-level factors that influence protectionism, interactions between labor institutions and industry-specific volatility partially explain changes in tariff levels across industries and countries. Using industry-level data across many countries, and employing the political-economy theory of endogenous-trade protection, I show that industry-specific volatility partially explain average tariffs across industries and countries. The third chapter provides evidence that trade policies effect jobs across less developed countries. Reducing trade barriers lowers unemployment among unskilled workers but increases unemployment for skilled workers. These two effects cancel each other, such that trade policies do not seem to have any effects on the overall unemployment across less developed countries. Advisors/Committee Members: Peter Schaeffer, Shuichiro Nishioka, Arabinda Basistha.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mwilaria, S. (2012). Three Essays on International Trade and Labor Market Flexibility. (Doctoral Dissertation). West Virginia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.4901 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/4901

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mwilaria, Shadrack. “Three Essays on International Trade and Labor Market Flexibility.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, West Virginia University. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.4901 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/4901.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mwilaria, Shadrack. “Three Essays on International Trade and Labor Market Flexibility.” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mwilaria S. Three Essays on International Trade and Labor Market Flexibility. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. West Virginia University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.4901 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/4901.

Council of Science Editors:

Mwilaria S. Three Essays on International Trade and Labor Market Flexibility. [Doctoral Dissertation]. West Virginia University; 2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.4901 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/4901

Wayne State University

9. Beri, Meenakshi. Essays on impact of risk preference on health and occupational choice.

Degree: PhD, Economics, 2012, Wayne State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/530

► This dissertation re-examines Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data in order to ascertain whether there exists behavioral heterogeneity among people regarding health risk as… (more)

▼ This dissertation re-examines Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data in order to ascertain whether there exists behavioral heterogeneity among people regarding health risk as compared to that of financial risk as well as whether there exists racial-ethnic and gender heterogeneity in the health state dependence of marginal utility. Given heterogeneous risk and time preferences of individuals, this study investigates the impact of those preferences on sorting into occupations and industries using various measures of job risk. I construct three measures of risk across jobs, cross-categorized by occupation and industry: a fatal injury rate, non-fatal injury and illness rate, and a measure of inter-person income variability. Using these measures, I analyze how risk and time preference of an individual affects his occupational choice. This study finds that there are different domains of risk and that individuals do not think of these in the same way. Using Health and Retirement Study data, I find that there exists a behavioral inconsistency in health risks versus income risk. This dissertation advises against the use of health risk proxy for making inferences about financial risk. This dissertation then examines the heterogeneity in health dependence of utility and contingent upon the findings of heterogeneity, it examines the factors contributing to utility heterogeneity. To examine this empirically, I begin with theoretical and empirical models used by Finkelstein, et al. (2011) relaxing the assumptions of those models to allow for differential effects by race, gender and ethnicity. Using happiness as a utility proxy and objective health measures in our baseline model, I find strong evidence of heterogeneity in health state dependence of utility among males and females, hispanic and non-hispanic and white, and black; not only in seven objective health conditions but also functionality limitations; not only by using happiness as a utility proxy but also with CES-D score. Since, there is slight evidence of heterogeneity in the health state dependence of utility among different health states, the policies like Medicare, and Medicaid would have varying impact on people depending upon race, ethnicity and gender. The non-linear B-O decomposition of utility unfolds that the significant contributors towards the explained gender, racial and ethnic gap in utility proxy (happiness and CES-D Score) are: marital status, number of diseases, log adjusted income, risk attitudes and ethnicity. Approximately 80 percent of the gender utility gap and 100 percent race utility gap is explained by the endowment effect. Thus, this dissertation reaffirms the findings of Halliday (2008) that there may be larger potential gains to identifying as well as targeting factors that influence individual heterogeneity since the health state dependence of utility is mostly driven by individual characteristics, as has been found to be the case in B-O decomposition of utility in the current study. Advisors/Committee Members: Jennifer L. Ward-Batts.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor Economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Beri, M. (2012). Essays on impact of risk preference on health and occupational choice. (Doctoral Dissertation). Wayne State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/530

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Beri, Meenakshi. “Essays on impact of risk preference on health and occupational choice.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Wayne State University. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/530.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Beri, Meenakshi. “Essays on impact of risk preference on health and occupational choice.” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Beri M. Essays on impact of risk preference on health and occupational choice. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Wayne State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/530.

Council of Science Editors:

Beri M. Essays on impact of risk preference on health and occupational choice. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Wayne State University; 2012. Available from: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/530

Columbia University

10. Goodman, Sarena. Essays on Human Capital Investment.

Degree: 2013, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D89G5V2S

► This dissertation contains a collection of essays on human capital formation and social service provision in the United States. The chapters evaluate three policies targeted… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Goodman, S. (2013). Essays on Human Capital Investment. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D89G5V2S

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Goodman, Sarena. “Essays on Human Capital Investment.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D89G5V2S.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Goodman, Sarena. “Essays on Human Capital Investment.” 2013. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Goodman S. Essays on Human Capital Investment. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D89G5V2S.

Council of Science Editors:

Goodman S. Essays on Human Capital Investment. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2013. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D89G5V2S

Columbia University

11. Simpson, Steven Troy. Essays on the Economics of Education.

Degree: 2013, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X929NH

► Post-secondary education is becoming increasingly more common for students around the world. As quantity of education increases, it becomes less of a distinguishing factor to… (more)

▼ Post-secondary education is becoming increasingly more common for students around the world. As quantity of education increases, it becomes less of a distinguishing factor to be simply a college graduate. For those who want to stand out, the quality aspects of education become more salient. Moreover, as this expansion happens in the number of colleges and college students, it becomes less common for governments to generously fund the college education of a lucky few. In addition, the cost to colleges to provide an education is also increasing. Taken together, simply as a measure of cost-comparison, choosing between colleges based on the potential quality-for-money is also an important reason for college quality's increasing salience. College quality matters, and this dissertation endeavors to show how and to what extent. The following three separate chapters estimate the returns to different forms of college quality. There has been an extensive literature that shows, in general, that more schooling is better. These chapters seek to shift the margin of analysis from the extensive margin of quantity to the intensive margin of quality. Thus, I ask the question: is better schooling better or, to put it another way, how much better is better schooling? In the first chapter, I estimate the returns to college quality, operationalized mainly through peer quality, using a regression discontinuity design and exploiting the two separate rounds (early and regular) of college admissions in Taiwan. In the second chapter, focusing on college prestige, I again use a regression discontinuity design to estimate the returns to scoring just above (vs. just below) the admissions cutoff for the lowest-ranked national college. The theory of action is that national colleges are uniformly more desirable than private colleges (excluding a few elite private colleges), if for no other reason than that their tuitions are subsidized by the government and thus much lower for the individual. The final chapter looks at a set of 11 colleges that had already been meeting the minimum requirements for being labeled a university (an important distinction in Taiwan's system), but for bureacratic reasons had not been allowed to change their label/rank until a policy change in 1997. Treating this policy change as a natural experiment, I use a difference-in-differences framework to show that cohorts entering these newly upgraded 11 universities earn statistically significantly more than cohorts entering prior to the change at the same colleges. A consistent picture emerges out of these three papers: college quality matters on several dimensions. These chapters are set apart from other papers in the literature by the causal interpretation given to both choice of college AND choice of college major. My estimates show that those who attend higher quality colleges, within the same college major, end up earning between one-tenth to one-fifth of a standard deviation more in their first year of employment after graduating. Peer quality, college prestige, and…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Simpson, S. T. (2013). Essays on the Economics of Education. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X929NH

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Simpson, Steven Troy. “Essays on the Economics of Education.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X929NH.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Simpson, Steven Troy. “Essays on the Economics of Education.” 2013. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Simpson ST. Essays on the Economics of Education. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X929NH.

Council of Science Editors:

Simpson ST. Essays on the Economics of Education. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2013. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X929NH

Columbia University

12. Monras, Joan. Essays in Internal and International Migration.

Degree: 2014, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D85H7DDR

► This dissertation investigates how internal migration spreads local shocks to the national market. The first chapter describes a dynamic model of internal migration where in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Monras, J. (2014). Essays in Internal and International Migration. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D85H7DDR

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Monras, Joan. “Essays in Internal and International Migration.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D85H7DDR.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Monras, Joan. “Essays in Internal and International Migration.” 2014. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Monras J. Essays in Internal and International Migration. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D85H7DDR.

Council of Science Editors:

Monras J. Essays in Internal and International Migration. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2014. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D85H7DDR

UCLA

13. Feng, Yun. The Labor Market Impact of China's Higher Education Expansion Reform.

Degree: Economics, 2019, UCLA

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/653324st

► This dissertation studies the effects of China's higher education expansion reform on workers' labor market outcomes.In Chapter 1, I investigate how China's higher education expansion… (more)

▼ This dissertation studies the effects of China's higher education expansion reform on workers' labor market outcomes.In Chapter 1, I investigate how China's higher education expansion reform affects young workers' labor market outcomes. Using data from the 2005 China Population Survey, I estimate the effects of the reform using a diff-in-diff type of framework. The key variation I use for identification is province-specific cohort-to-cohort variation in the expansion intensity. I find that the reform does not increase unemployment but reduces labor force participation for young workers. In the meantime, the reform increases the likelihood of getting a graduate degree, which partly explains why it decreases labor force participation. Similar results are obtained for college cohorts using IV.In Chapter 2, I aim to address the caveats embedded in the empirical strategy in Chapter 1. To do so, I construct and structurally estimate a dynamic discrete choice labor market general equilibrium model, and innovate in modeling and estimation by incorporating the college admissions policy of China. Unlike in Chapter 1, this approach allows one to generate counterfactuals and policy simulations while taking into account the general equilibrium effects of the reform. After structurally estimating the model, I show that it matches key data moments reasonably well.In Chapter 3, I examine the effects of China's higher education expansion reform on the evolution of the college wage premium. I show that the reform interacts with the demographics of workers and affects them differentially. Using the model developed in Chapter 2, I find that in the presence of post-reform technological progress, the reform first increases and then decreases the college wage premium. In its absence, however, the reform decreases the college wage premium from the start. I also find that in the latter case, workers induced to go to college by the reform (compliers) gain the most on average, whereas those who go to college with or without it (always-takers) lose the most, because the large increase in the supply of high-skill labor depresses skill prices. Policy experiments are conducted to show, if China were to continue with the expansion, how long it would take for it to reach the average share of high-skill workers in developed countries.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Feng, Y. (2019). The Labor Market Impact of China's Higher Education Expansion Reform. (Thesis). UCLA. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/653324st

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Feng, Yun. “The Labor Market Impact of China's Higher Education Expansion Reform.” 2019. Thesis, UCLA. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/653324st.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Feng, Yun. “The Labor Market Impact of China's Higher Education Expansion Reform.” 2019. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Feng Y. The Labor Market Impact of China's Higher Education Expansion Reform. [Internet] [Thesis]. UCLA; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/653324st.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Feng Y. The Labor Market Impact of China's Higher Education Expansion Reform. [Thesis]. UCLA; 2019. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/653324st

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

14. Zimmerfaust, Thomas. Essays on Worker Value and Contracts in Team Environments.

Degree: 2015, University of California – eScholarship, University of California

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9kv627sv

► In many work environments, production occurs in teams. The value of that team’s product, the productivities of workers’ teammates, and workers’ individual productivities help determine… (more)

▼ In many work environments, production occurs in teams. The value of that team’s product, the productivities of workers’ teammates, and workers’ individual productivities help determine the value of workers to a firm, their wages, and the lengths of their contracts. This dissertation uses data from Major League Baseball to investigate these relationships. The first chapter estimates the relationship between team production and firm revenue and uses the estimated relationship to comment on the valuations of workers made previously in the literature. The second chapter analyzes wages and provides evidence that the young in the sample are willing to trade away wages to join more productive teams. The third and final chapter tests whether worker productivity uncertainty affects contract length and finds that length does increase with uncertainty. An abstract for each chapter is provided below.Chapter 1: This study finds evidence that the absence of firm fixed effects from regressions of Scully’s (1974) firm revenue equation leads to overestimating a player’s marginal revenue product by at least 164%. This result is consistent across two sets of seasons, is robust to two different measures of firm revenue and the most commonly controlled revenue sources, and occurs even in commonly used variations of Scully’s (1974) revenue equation. This finding suggests that studies that have previously used the estimates of a baseball player’s MRP or assume a conclusion drawn from such a study may need to be reexamined.Chapter 2: This study finds that an average free agent trades away wages to join a team expected to be more productive. More importantly, the young in the sample drive this result: an average, young free agent trades roughly 25% of his wages to join a team with an expected productivity one standard deviation higher. In contrast, the wages of older free agents are unaffected by expected team productivity. These results are robust to a variety of wage-determinant controls, remain consistent across a set of robustness checks, and suggest that better teams provide an important human capital investment opportunity. High-quality measures of both workers’ own past productivity and the expected productivity of a worker’s future team provide key advantages to identifying these effects. This study is the first to show that the expected productivity of the team a worker will join produces a significant and negative compensating wage differential and may offer an opportunity to invest in human capital.Chapter 3: This study finds evidence supporting worker productivity uncertainty as a contract-length determinant. This result is robust to a variety of worker- and firm-specific controls, is consistent across two different measures of uncertainty for two different types of worker productivity, and supports Danziger’s (1988) efficient risk-sharing hypothesis. This study improves upon previous studies that analyze the relationship between real uncertainty and contract length by using worker- and firm-specific data for the first time. This…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zimmerfaust, T. (2015). Essays on Worker Value and Contracts in Team Environments. (Thesis). University of California – eScholarship, University of California. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9kv627sv

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zimmerfaust, Thomas. “Essays on Worker Value and Contracts in Team Environments.” 2015. Thesis, University of California – eScholarship, University of California. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9kv627sv.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zimmerfaust, Thomas. “Essays on Worker Value and Contracts in Team Environments.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Zimmerfaust T. Essays on Worker Value and Contracts in Team Environments. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – eScholarship, University of California; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9kv627sv.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zimmerfaust T. Essays on Worker Value and Contracts in Team Environments. [Thesis]. University of California – eScholarship, University of California; 2015. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9kv627sv

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

15. Lu, Yiqian. Four Essays on Labor and Development Economics.

Degree: 2019, State University of New York at Buffalo

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422408

► This dissertation consists of four chapters on topics in labor and development economics. Chapter 1 discusses innovation fluctuations in an aging economy. A three-stage… (more)

▼ This dissertation consists of four chapters on topics in labor and development economics. Chapter 1 discusses innovation fluctuations in an aging economy. A three-stage overlapping generations model is constructed to simulate population trends and their consequent impact on innovation and economic development. Both the theoretical analysis and empirical verification show that countries with a low fertility rate have a higher innovation rate in a short period but a lower one in the long run. This chapter discusses the negative impact of an aging economy and yields the strong policy implication of providing a subsidy to boost the fertility rate, particularly for those developed European countries suffering from aging problems. Chapter 2 focuses on the relationship between the unemployment rate, working efficiency, and working overtime. It is motivated by the widely observed phenomenon of working overtime in some East Asian countries as well as the consulting and investment banking sectors. Does working overtime indeed produce extra efficiency? I use data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to answer this question. The answer is NO, and it has little impact on the unemployment rate. This chapter contributes to existing literature with a new empirical approach. It could also guide corporate management professionals in the enactment of proper overtime work policies. Chapter 3 discusses the relationship between institutions and economic outcomes. The renowned MIT and Chicago political economists Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson argue that only inclusive political and economic institutions could lead to economic prosperity. Others dispute that their theory captures the whole picture. Bill Gates notably said that the theory of Acemoglu and Robinson must take into account other important factors. Chapter 3 contributes to this controversy. I find that economic prosperity could be harvested even by extractive institutions with immigrant-friendly policies. For example, countries like the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and Singapore could enjoy a long-term economic boom due to a good immigration policy that attracts high-skilled and low-skilled immigrants from their neighbors. Chapter 4 intends to determine the empirical relationship between income inequality and consumption inequality in China. Existing empirical literature shows that consumption inequality exceeds income inequality in China, which contradicts basic economic theory as well as evidence from the US, Canada, and Europe. I use the inverse relationship between necessity good consumption and income to derive the true income level of each individual. High-income communist party members and employees of government-related agencies tend to hide their grey income, and income inequality is thus underestimated. The relationship I uncover between income and consumption inequality is consistent with the empirical evidence on other countries.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lu, Y. (2019). Four Essays on Labor and Development Economics. (Thesis). State University of New York at Buffalo. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422408

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lu, Yiqian. “Four Essays on Labor and Development Economics.” 2019. Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422408.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lu, Yiqian. “Four Essays on Labor and Development Economics.” 2019. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lu Y. Four Essays on Labor and Development Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. State University of New York at Buffalo; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422408.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lu Y. Four Essays on Labor and Development Economics. [Thesis]. State University of New York at Buffalo; 2019. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422408

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Duke University

16. Romano, Teresa Foy. Essays in Economics of Education .

Degree: 2014, Duke University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8751

► This dissertation consists of three separate essays on the economics of education. In the first chapter, co-authored with Esteban Aucejo, studies the relative effectiveness… (more)

▼ This dissertation consists of three separate essays on the economics of education. In the first chapter, co-authored with Esteban Aucejo, studies the relative effectiveness of reducing absences to extending the school calendar on test score performance. Using administrative data for North Carolina public schools, we exploit a state policy that provides variation in the number of days prior to standardized testing and find substantially larger effects for absences relative to additional days of class. The second chapter, co-authored with Esteban Aucejo, analyzes whether different institutional settings could affect how school administrators and teachers respond to possible extensions of the school calendar. We present a theoretical model in which principals set the date of the test and teachers decide how much effort to exert in the classroom with and without monetary performance bonuses for teachers. Leveraging the removal of monetary bonuses during the sample period, we utilize a difference-in- difference estimation strategy and find that, consistent with the theoretical model, low performing schools are more likely to make extensive use of the testing window when monetary bonuses are in place; this behavior disappears after changes to the scheme of incentives. In the third chapter, I present joint work with Peter Arcidiacono, V. Joseph Hotz and Arnaud Maurel, utilizing data on subjective expectations of outcomes from counterfactual choices to recover ex ante<\italic> treatment effects as well as the non-pecuniary benefits associated with different treatments. The particular treatments we consider are the choice of occupation. By asking individuals about potential earnings associated with counterfactual choices of college majors and occupations, we can recover the full distribution of ex ante<\italic> monetary returns to particular occupations, and how they vary across majors. We then link subjective expectations to a model of occupational choice, enabling the examination of how individuals tradeoff their preferences for particular occupations with the corresponding monetary rewards. While sorting across occupations is partly driven by the ex ante<\italic> monetary returns, sizable differences in expected earnings across occupations remain after controlling for selection on monetary returns, which points to the existence of substantial compensating differentials. Advisors/Committee Members: Arcidiacono, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Economics, Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Romano, T. F. (2014). Essays in Economics of Education . (Thesis). Duke University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8751

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Romano, Teresa Foy. “Essays in Economics of Education .” 2014. Thesis, Duke University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8751.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Romano, Teresa Foy. “Essays in Economics of Education .” 2014. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Romano TF. Essays in Economics of Education . [Internet] [Thesis]. Duke University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8751.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Romano TF. Essays in Economics of Education . [Thesis]. Duke University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8751

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Maryland

17. Pruitt Walker, Sheri. The Effects of the Incarceration of Fathers on the Health and Wellbeing of Mothers and Children.

Degree: Economics, 2011, University of Maryland

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/12188

► The male incarceration rate has risen dramatically in the last several decades. Over half of incarcerated men are fathers of minor children. My dissertation focuses… (more)

▼ The male incarceration rate has risen dramatically in the last several decades. Over half of incarcerated men are fathers of minor children. My dissertation focuses specifically on families and addresses various aspects of how mothers and children have been affected by the incarceration of fathers. This research uses data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWB), a national sample of mostly unwed parents and their children, to estimate the causal effect of the incarceration of fathers on various outcomes for mothers and children. However, since the female partners and children of incarcerated men differ along observable characteristics from other mothers and children in the FFCWB, they are also likely to differ in terms of unobservables, and thus ordinary least squares estimation is unlikely to provide an unbiased estimate of this causal effect. Instead, I employ propensity score matching methods to estimate this effects, exploiting the rich data availability in FFCWB. The first chapter introduces these topics and provides a brief discussion. The second chapter discusses the impact of a father's incarceration on the public assistance participation of mothers as measured by welfare and food stamp program participation. A large body of research has examined consequences of incarceration on incarcerated men, while little has analyzed the effect on women who share children with incarcerated men. My research aims to fill this gap. I find robust evidence that, among women with incarcerated partners, a partner's incarceration increases the probability that mothers receive both welfare and food stamp benefits. The third chapter considers the effect of father's incarceration on the health of mothers and the development of children. The outcome variables I analyze are mothers' physical health and mental health as measured by depression and anxiety, as well as child's cognitive development and social behavior. My findings indicate that, among children with incarcerated fathers, paternal incarceration adversely affects cognitive development and increases aggressive behavior in children at age five. I also find that, among mothers with incarcerated partners, having a partner that is recently incarcerated adversely affect mothers' mental health as measured by depression, but positively affects mothers' physical health. Advisors/Committee Members: Hellerstein, Judith K (advisor), Ham, John (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Economics, Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pruitt Walker, S. (2011). The Effects of the Incarceration of Fathers on the Health and Wellbeing of Mothers and Children. (Thesis). University of Maryland. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1903/12188

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pruitt Walker, Sheri. “The Effects of the Incarceration of Fathers on the Health and Wellbeing of Mothers and Children.” 2011. Thesis, University of Maryland. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/12188.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pruitt Walker, Sheri. “The Effects of the Incarceration of Fathers on the Health and Wellbeing of Mothers and Children.” 2011. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pruitt Walker S. The Effects of the Incarceration of Fathers on the Health and Wellbeing of Mothers and Children. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/12188.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pruitt Walker S. The Effects of the Incarceration of Fathers on the Health and Wellbeing of Mothers and Children. [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/12188

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Iowa State University

18. McPhail, Joseph Eugene. The cost of government| How taxes affect economic health and social well-being.

Degree: 2009, Iowa State University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1461965

► All government services require funding through taxes, but not all taxes have the same effect on the economy. Even when the amount raised is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

McPhail, J. E. (2009). The cost of government| How taxes affect economic health and social well-being. (Thesis). Iowa State University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1461965

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McPhail, Joseph Eugene. “The cost of government| How taxes affect economic health and social well-being.” 2009. Thesis, Iowa State University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1461965.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McPhail, Joseph Eugene. “The cost of government| How taxes affect economic health and social well-being.” 2009. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

McPhail JE. The cost of government| How taxes affect economic health and social well-being. [Internet] [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1461965.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

McPhail JE. The cost of government| How taxes affect economic health and social well-being. [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1461965

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

George Mason University

19. Smith, Nathanael. Complexity, competition and growth| Key ideas from Adam Smith, modeled using agent-based simulation.

Degree: 2011, George Mason University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3471056

► This dissertation uses agent-based simulation to study markets in ways that depart from the Walrasian tradition, and to vindicate Adam Smith's beliefs about the… (more)

▼ This dissertation uses agent-based simulation to study markets in ways that depart from the Walrasian tradition, and to vindicate Adam Smith's beliefs about the power of the division of labor to enhance productivity, which mainstream economics has neglected because Walrasian equilibrium is incompatible with nonconvexities such as fixed costs. The first article, “The Invisible Hand, Reloaded,” studies a market in which firms in a commodity market try to maximize profits by estimating demand via an OLS regression, while customers choose the lowest-price firm, but face random firm-specific transactions costs. I call this “empiricist competition.” Near perfect competition emerges with very few firms (e.g., n=3), and the result cross-applies to the free entry case, to U-shaped average costs, and even to (gently) falling average costs, in which case empiricist competition gives rise to a downward-sloping supply curve . The second article, “The Division of Labor is Limited by the Extent of the Market,” vindicates the thesis of Chapter 3 of The Wealth of Nations by building a market of decentralized retailers, following Howitt and Clower (2000), and then equips agents with avoidable-cost production functions, taste-for-variety utility functions, and techniques to sift through hundreds or thousands of corner solutions to find the optimum behavior when they face buy-sell price spreads and stockout and “jobout” constraints on what they can buy or sell at each price. This gives rise to endogenous specialization, which is compatible with competition yet causes GDP per capita to rise indefinitely with population growth or with the accumulation of “capital” (foregone consumption, subject to diminishing returns and depreciation, which augments labor). What emerges is an interpretation of technological change, not as new discoveries a la Romer (1990), but as the exploration of an already-known technology space which requires sufficient labor-cum-capital to explore. Unlike Romer (1990), this interpretation of technology is a candidate to explain the wealth and poverty of nations. The third article, “Bayesian Skill Reputation Systems, presents a model where agents are endowed with skills whose quality is unobservable and opportunities arrive each turn which can only be exploited by certain skills, I show how agents can use Bayesian updating to derive pretty accurate knowledge about the quality of skills. However, the Bayesian skill reputation system quickly fails when agents can conceal past failures, which suggests a reason why, as Granovetter (1983) showed, networks of “weak ties” are so important for finding jobs, and why employers are suspicious of gaps in resumes.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smith, N. (2011). Complexity, competition and growth| Key ideas from Adam Smith, modeled using agent-based simulation. (Thesis). George Mason University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3471056

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smith, Nathanael. “Complexity, competition and growth| Key ideas from Adam Smith, modeled using agent-based simulation.” 2011. Thesis, George Mason University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3471056.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smith, Nathanael. “Complexity, competition and growth| Key ideas from Adam Smith, modeled using agent-based simulation.” 2011. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Smith N. Complexity, competition and growth| Key ideas from Adam Smith, modeled using agent-based simulation. [Internet] [Thesis]. George Mason University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3471056.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Smith N. Complexity, competition and growth| Key ideas from Adam Smith, modeled using agent-based simulation. [Thesis]. George Mason University; 2011. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3471056

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

20. Kaplan, Erin. Three Essays on Labor Economics.

Degree: 2012, University of California, Santa Barbara

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3495683

► This dissertation consists of three separate chapters on topics in labor economics. The first chapter, entitled "Ignorance and Bliss: Early Onset Depression, Human Capital… (more)

▼ This dissertation consists of three separate chapters on topics in labor economics. The first chapter, entitled "Ignorance and Bliss: Early Onset Depression, Human Capital Accumulation and Labor Market Outcomes in Early Adulthood," examines the link between early onset mood disorders and post-secondary education and labor market outcomes. In addition, controlling for contemporaneous depression symptoms provides insight into the mechanisms by which adolescent depression affects long-term outcomes. The results of this analysis indicate that the negative long-term outcomes associated with early onset depression symptoms are significant, and result from both the initial depressive episode as well as recurrent symptoms experienced later in life. The second chapter, entitled "Student Responses to Changes in the Cost of Post-Secondary Education," focuses primarily on the effect of changes in tuition and financial aid on education and labor market choices of post-secondary students. The existing literature dealing with the cost of education focuses primarily on education outcomes. I develop a theoretical model to illustrate trade-offs between formal human capital accumulation and labor market participation, which yields predictions about how college cost affects student employment decisions. My empirical analysis is problematic for several reasons, and I do not find evidence to support the predictions of my theoretical model. Despite the lack of empirical evidence, the theoretical model presented here may be a useful starting point for future researchers. The third chapter, entitled "The Impact of Divorce Law Changes on Fertility Decisions," examines the relationship between fertility and unilateral and no-fault divorce laws. The results provide evidence that unilateral divorce laws may have decreased birthrates. Further, we analyze the effect unilateral and no-fault divorce laws have on the birth rate among women with different demographic characteristics such as age, marital status, and level of education. We find that unilateral divorce laws result in a decrease in birthrates among married women. Additionally, there are distributional effects of no-fault divorce laws across age groups, with a significant positive effect on the birthrate among women aged 15 to 29.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kaplan, E. (2012). Three Essays on Labor Economics. (Thesis). University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3495683

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kaplan, Erin. “Three Essays on Labor Economics.” 2012. Thesis, University of California, Santa Barbara. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3495683.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kaplan, Erin. “Three Essays on Labor Economics.” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kaplan E. Three Essays on Labor Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California, Santa Barbara; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3495683.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kaplan E. Three Essays on Labor Economics. [Thesis]. University of California, Santa Barbara; 2012. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3495683

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

21. Gettens, John W. Medicaid expansions| The work and program participation of people with disabilities.

Degree: 2009, Brandeis Univ., The Heller School for Social Policy and Mgmt.

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3342175

► People with disabilities are economically disadvantaged compared to the non-disabled, experiencing lower employment rates, lower wages and higher poverty rates. The steady rise in… (more)

▼ People with disabilities are economically disadvantaged compared to the non-disabled, experiencing lower employment rates, lower wages and higher poverty rates. The steady rise in Social Security Disability Insurance (DI) participation over the past two decades suggests that people with disabilities are working less. One potential explanation for the low employment rates and increasing DI participation rates relates two key factors, an unmet need for health care services and the negative work incentives of two public health insurance programs, Medicare and Medicaid. People with disabilities in need of health insurance face a tradeoff between substantial work and the alternatives, the combined cash and health coverage benefits of either Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and Medicaid, or DI and Medicare. Recent federal legislation affects the tradeoff. The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 and the Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999 gave states the authority to expand Medicaid coverage to include persons with disabilities at higher income levels. The expanded Medicaid coverage is the Buy-In Program. The Buy-In program alleviates the tradeoff by providing health insurance without the work limits and, if desired, without the associated SSI or DI participation. By de-linking health insurance from cash benefits and by increasing earnings limits, Buy-In provides new opportunities for people with disabilities to obtain health insurance while working at substantial levels. This dissertation evaluates whether the new opportunities increase employment and/or to decrease disability benefit participation. The economic static labor supply model is used to determine the theoretically predicted effects of the Buy-in program. The static labor supply model is a utility maximization model where individuals balance their labor and leisure to maximize utility under their wage constraint. Cash disability and Medicaid benefits are included in the model through the wage constraint. The static labor supply model predicts an increase in employment for DI recipients. The effect on DI participation is indeterminate. The Buy-in program is not predicted to affect SSI participation or SSI recipients’ employment participation. Two data sources, the March Supplement to the Current Population Survey and the Survey of Income and Program Participation, are used for samples of individuals with disabilities for 1995 through 2005. Three samples are identified, SSI recipients, DI recipients and individuals with a disability. A separate analysis is conducted to determine if samples based on self-reported work limitation are appropriate for use in evaluations of disability program effects on employment. I conclude that use of self-reported work limitation samples is not appropriate because of bias; individuals’ self-report of work limitation are dependent on work status. The Buy-In effects on employment and disability benefit participation are identified by four sources of exogenous…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gettens, J. W. (2009). Medicaid expansions| The work and program participation of people with disabilities. (Thesis). Brandeis Univ., The Heller School for Social Policy and Mgmt. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3342175

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gettens, John W. “Medicaid expansions| The work and program participation of people with disabilities.” 2009. Thesis, Brandeis Univ., The Heller School for Social Policy and Mgmt. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3342175.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gettens, John W. “Medicaid expansions| The work and program participation of people with disabilities.” 2009. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Gettens JW. Medicaid expansions| The work and program participation of people with disabilities. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brandeis Univ., The Heller School for Social Policy and Mgmt.; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3342175.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gettens JW. Medicaid expansions| The work and program participation of people with disabilities. [Thesis]. Brandeis Univ., The Heller School for Social Policy and Mgmt.; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3342175

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Pennsylvania

22. Adachi, Takanori. A life-cycle model of entrepreneurial choice| Understanding entry into and exit from self-employment.

Degree: 2009, University of Pennsylvania

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3363699

► Data from the 1979 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) show that self-employment (nonfarm or nonprofessional) accounts for as high as… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Adachi, T. (2009). A life-cycle model of entrepreneurial choice| Understanding entry into and exit from self-employment. (Thesis). University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3363699

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Adachi, Takanori. “A life-cycle model of entrepreneurial choice| Understanding entry into and exit from self-employment.” 2009. Thesis, University of Pennsylvania. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3363699.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Adachi, Takanori. “A life-cycle model of entrepreneurial choice| Understanding entry into and exit from self-employment.” 2009. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Adachi T. A life-cycle model of entrepreneurial choice| Understanding entry into and exit from self-employment. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3363699.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Adachi T. A life-cycle model of entrepreneurial choice| Understanding entry into and exit from self-employment. [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3363699

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

23. Trandafir, Mircea Stefan. The effect of same-sex marriage laws on different-sex marriage| Evidence from the Netherlands.

Degree: 2009, University of Maryland, College Park

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3372995

► It has long been argued that the legalization of same-sex marriage would have a negative impact on marriage. My dissertation examines what happened to… (more)

▼ It has long been argued that the legalization of same-sex marriage would have a negative impact on marriage. My dissertation examines what happened to different-sex marriage in the Netherlands after the enactment of two laws: in 1998, a law that provided all couples with an institution almost identical to marriage—registered partnership, and in 2001, a law that legalized same-sex marriage for the first time in the world. The first chapter provides a brief description of the same-sex marriage debate and of the legal background in the Netherlands. In the second chapter, I analyze the marriage decision at the individual level. I construct a unique data set covering the period 1995–2005 by matching individuals from the Dutch Labor Force Survey with their marriage and residence history from official records. I estimate the first-marriage decision using a discrete-time hazard model with unobserved heterogeneity and I find that the marriage rate rose after the registered partnership law but fell after the same-sex marriage law. In the third chapter, I study the evolution of the marriage rate in the aggregate. I construct a synthetic control for the Netherlands as a weighted average of OECD member countries over the period 1988–2005. A comparison of the marriage rates in the Netherlands and the synthetic control confirms the findings from the individual-level analysis: the different-sex marriage rate rose after the registered partnership law and then fell after the same-sex marriage law. I also conduct a placebo test that supports the validity of the results. Finally, I examine the evolution of the different-sex union (marriages and registered partnerships) rate and I find that the different-sex union rate returns to its long-term trend after the same-sex marriage law. My results could be explained by the combination of two effects. First, couples may learn over time about registered partnership and gradually switch from marriage to the new institution. Second, the same-sex marriage law may have caused some couples to turn away from marriage.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Trandafir, M. S. (2009). The effect of same-sex marriage laws on different-sex marriage| Evidence from the Netherlands. (Thesis). University of Maryland, College Park. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3372995

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Trandafir, Mircea Stefan. “The effect of same-sex marriage laws on different-sex marriage| Evidence from the Netherlands.” 2009. Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3372995.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Trandafir, Mircea Stefan. “The effect of same-sex marriage laws on different-sex marriage| Evidence from the Netherlands.” 2009. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Trandafir MS. The effect of same-sex marriage laws on different-sex marriage| Evidence from the Netherlands. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Maryland, College Park; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3372995.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Trandafir MS. The effect of same-sex marriage laws on different-sex marriage| Evidence from the Netherlands. [Thesis]. University of Maryland, College Park; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3372995

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Harvard University

24. Robles, Silvia Ceballos. Three Essays on Access to Higher Education.

Degree: PhD, 2016, Harvard University

URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493321

►

The first essay estimates the impact of a challenging, six-week-long summer program for rising high school seniors that is hosted annually at a selective private… (more)

▼

The first essay estimates the impact of a challenging, six-week-long summer program for rising high school seniors that is hosted annually at a selective private university which graduates a majority of its students in a science, technology, engineering, or math (STEM) field. Using applications to the program between 2005 and 2011, and records from the National Student Clearinghouse (NSC) and 31 universities, the analysis explores the effect of the summer program on college application, admission, matriculation, and STEM major rates. Records from the summer pro- gram’s selection process reduce bias when using OLS regression and propensity score techniques. The estimates show admission to the summer program increased enrollment at the host institution by 30 percentage points, and shifted students from less selective universities. There were no detectable differences in graduation rates, and STEM major rates increased. This indicates that interventions preceding college application season can influence application and enrollment at selective universities, and that matriculation and major choices are coupled in ways that are important for increasing STEM access. The second essay uses data from a randomized trial of three programs: the six-week summer program explored in the first chapter, a one-week version of the same program, and a program that takes place online over six months. Applicants in 2014 and 2015 were randomly assigned to one of the three programs or a control. Early results from surveys and host institution (HI) records confirm a large effect of the six-week program on application rates at the HI. The programs also improved application strategy beyond inducing application to the HI. For early outcomes such as college application and acceptance rates, there were no sharp distinctions between the one-week, online, and six-week treatments. If later outcomes do not diverge, this will have future policy implications. The third essay measures the effect of oversubscribed courses at a community college using a fuzzy regression discontinuity (FRD). The FRD relies on reconstructed enrollment queues, and exploits the discontinuity in enrollment at the waitlist cutoff. Using data from a large community college and the NSC, findings indicate that students substitute for unavailable courses with other courses in the same subject. We find no significant effects on later performance or transfer to other colleges.

Economics

Advisors/Committee Members: Angrist, Joshua (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Robles, S. C. (2016). Three Essays on Access to Higher Education. (Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493321

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Robles, Silvia Ceballos. “Three Essays on Access to Higher Education.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493321.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Robles, Silvia Ceballos. “Three Essays on Access to Higher Education.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Robles SC. Three Essays on Access to Higher Education. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Harvard University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493321.

Council of Science Editors:

Robles SC. Three Essays on Access to Higher Education. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Harvard University; 2016. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493321

Harvard University

25. Sullivan, Daniel McArthur. Essays on Public and Labor Economics.

Degree: PhD, 2016, Harvard University

URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493588

►

Chapter 1 presents evidence that current economics research significantly underestimates the effects of air pollution, regardless of the outcome of interest. This bias exists even… (more)

▼

Chapter 1 presents evidence that current economics research significantly underestimates the effects of air pollution, regardless of the outcome of interest. This bias exists even in quasi-experimental estimates and arises because popular methods used by economists, including geographic diff-in-diffs and monitor-based interpolations, are unable to account for sharp changes in exposure over short distances. To solve this problem, I use an atmospheric dispersion model to determine the effect of every polluting firm on every house in greater Los Angeles. I then estimate the effect of NOx emissions on house prices using the exogenous variation in emissions caused by the California Electricity Crisis of 2000 and a cap-and-trade program in greater Los Angeles. The estimated price response is much larger than past estimates while conventional methods are unable to detect any effect. In Chapter 2, I use these methods to explore the equity implications of the Crisis-induced pollution reduction. I also present a locational equilibrium model and derive conditions under which lower-income residents are displaced by higher-income immigrants after an arbitrary local amenity is improved. I find that rents increased significantly in improved neighborhoods, on par with house prices. Simultaneously, total population decreased, driven by a mass outmigration of low-education residents. Low home-ownership rates among low-income households suggests that emigrants were not responding to a wealth windfall but were instead made worse off by the amenity improvement. Chapter 3 considers the principal-agent problem that arises when consumers file for bankruptcy. Lawyers advise debtors on whether to file the cheaper Chapter 7 filing or the more expensive Chapter 13 filing. Bankruptcy courts that allow lawyers to charge more for Chapter 13 see a significantly larger fraction of Chapter 13 filings. This is true controlling for a host of demographic controls at the zip code level and with state fixed effects and district policy controls. Our estimates suggest that 5.4% of cross-district variation in relative Chapter 13 rates could be eliminated by harmonizing relative fees.

Economics

Advisors/Committee Members: Katz, Larry (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sullivan, D. M. (2016). Essays on Public and Labor Economics. (Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493588

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sullivan, Daniel McArthur. “Essays on Public and Labor Economics.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493588.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sullivan, Daniel McArthur. “Essays on Public and Labor Economics.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Sullivan DM. Essays on Public and Labor Economics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Harvard University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493588.

Council of Science Editors:

Sullivan DM. Essays on Public and Labor Economics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Harvard University; 2016. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493588

University of California – Berkeley

26. Serafinelli, Michel. Worker Mobility and Knowledge Diffusion in Local Labor Markets.

Degree: Economics, 2013, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2x6576zr

► A prominent feature of the economic landscape in the most developed countries is the tendency for firms to locate near other firms producing similar products… (more)

▼ A prominent feature of the economic landscape in the most developed countries is the tendency for firms to locate near other firms producing similar products or services. In the United States, for example, biopharmaceutical firms are clustered in New York and Chicago and a sizeable share of the elevator and escalator industry is concentrated in the area around Bloomington, Indiana. In addition, the growth and diffusion of multinational corporations has led to the recent appearance of important industrial clusters in several emerging economies. Firms that originally agglomerated in Silicon Valley and Detroit now have subsidiaries clustered in Bangalore and Slovakia. Researchers have long speculated that firms in industrial concentrations may benefit from agglomeration economies, and a growing body of work has been devoted to studying the importance of these economies. Despite the difficulties involved in estimating agglomeration effects, a consensus has emerged from the literature that significant productivity advantages of agglomeration exist for many industries (Rosenthal and Strange, 2003; Henderson, 2003; Ellison, Glaeser and Kerr, 2010; Greenstone, Hornbeck and Moretti, 2010; Combes et al., 2012). Localized knowledge spillovers are a common explanation for the productivity advantages of agglomeration. Nevertheless, as pointed out by Combes and Duranton (2102) if information can easily flow out of firms, the question of why the effects of spillovers are localized must be clarified. This dissertation directly examines the role of labor mobility as a mechanism for the transfer of efficiency-enhancing knowledge and evaluates the extent to which labor mobility can explain the productivity advantages of firms located near other highly productive firms. The underlying idea is that knowledge is embedded in workers and diffuses when workers move between firms. The strong localized aspect of knowledge spillovers discussed in the agglomeration literature may thus arise from the propensity of workers to change jobs within the same local labor market. In order to empirically assess the importance of labor-market based knowledge spillovers, I use matched employer-employee data from the centre and north-east of Italy (mainly Veneto, but also Emilia Romagna and Tuscany). While the issues analyzed in this study are of general interest, the case of this region is important because it is an economic area where networks of specialized small and medium-sized firms, frequently organized in districts, have been effective in promoting and adapting to technological change during the last three decades. This so called "Third Italy" region has received a good deal of attention by researchers, in the United States as well as in Europe. In chapter 1, titled "Labor Mobility as a Mechanism for Knowledge Transfer", I present direct evidence on the role of firm-to-firm labor mobility in enhancing the productivity of firms located near highly productive firms. More specifically, I identify a set of high-wage firms (HWF) and show they…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Serafinelli, M. (2013). Worker Mobility and Knowledge Diffusion in Local Labor Markets. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2x6576zr

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Serafinelli, Michel. “Worker Mobility and Knowledge Diffusion in Local Labor Markets.” 2013. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2x6576zr.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Serafinelli, Michel. “Worker Mobility and Knowledge Diffusion in Local Labor Markets.” 2013. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Serafinelli M. Worker Mobility and Knowledge Diffusion in Local Labor Markets. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2x6576zr.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Serafinelli M. Worker Mobility and Knowledge Diffusion in Local Labor Markets. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2013. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2x6576zr

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Irvine

27. Burn, Ian. Three Essays in the Economics of Discrimination.

Degree: Economics, 2017, University of California – Irvine

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/70t316ft

► This dissertation explores the causes, consequences, and remedies of wage penalties in the labor market. The first chapter explores the relationship between prejudice and wages… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Labor economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Burn, I. (2017). Three Essays in the Economics of Discrimination. (Thesis). University of California – Irvine. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/70t316ft

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Burn, Ian. “Three Essays in the Economics of Discrimination.” 2017. Thesis, University of California – Irvine. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/70t316ft.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Burn, Ian. “Three Essays in the Economics of Discrimination.” 2017. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Burn I. Three Essays in the Economics of Discrimination. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/70t316ft.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Burn I. Three Essays in the Economics of Discrimination. [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2017. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/70t316ft

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Berkeley

28. Freeman, Donald Eric. Essays in Labor Economics.

Degree: Economics, 2010, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0210k3c9

► We first investigate properties of employee replacement costs, using a panel survey of California businesses in 2003 and 2008. We establish that replacement costs are… (more)

▼ We first investigate properties of employee replacement costs, using a panel survey of California businesses in 2003 and 2008. We establish that replacement costs are substantial relative to annual wages and that they are associated negatively with the use of seniority in promotion. We also find some evidence, albeit not under all specifications, that replacement costs are positively associated with establishment size, which is consistent with monopsony. Bivariate scatterplots, pooled regressions and panel-based estimates suggest a positive (although not robust) relationship between replacement costs and the wage. This result constitutes an anomaly for hiring and separation models, such as Manning (2003), in which the negative wage elasticity of replacement costs is a key assumption. We also examine particular occupational groups, and find that although there is not necessarily a clear incongruity for blue collar workers, there is one for professional and managerial workers. To resolve the anomaly, we propose several possible solutions including for one the role of heterogeneity, and on the other hand expanding Manning's model to incorporate the effects of wages on productivity.We also study the relationship of wages with High Performance Workplace Organization (HPWO) practices, a broadly-defined set of changes in establishment policies, often involving flexible policies, that have been adopted by many firms in the U.S. in the past few decades. HPWO practices include, for example, employee meetings to discuss workplace problems, self-managed teams, and job rotation. There is no empirical consensus in the literature on the relationship between wages and these practices, and the data required for its study is somewhat uncommon. We use the same panel survey of California businesses to investigate the issue. We find some evidence that adoption of these practices is correlated with increased entry wages for blue collar workers, and correlated with increased entry and highest tier wages for professionals and managers. There is also evidence that HPWO incidence is associated with increased wages for workers at manufacturing establishments, establishments with few professional or managerial workers, and workplaces with a union presence. Regarding individual practices, we find support for a positive correlation between higher wages and increased worker participation in self-managed teams, especially among blue collar workers and at establishments with few professional or managerial workers. But there is a negative relationship between team adoption and wages for professionals and managers. Finally, the adoption of formal quality management programs is associated with higher wages for professionals and managers. We conclude that the relationship between HPWO intensity and wages is complex and heterogeneous, varying for different groups of workers and different practices, and in fact some of these correlations may lead to cancelling effects when one looks only at aggregate relationships. Thus any analysis of high performance…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Freeman, D. E. (2010). Essays in Labor Economics. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0210k3c9

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Freeman, Donald Eric. “Essays in Labor Economics.” 2010. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0210k3c9.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Freeman, Donald Eric. “Essays in Labor Economics.” 2010. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Freeman DE. Essays in Labor Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0210k3c9.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Freeman DE. Essays in Labor Economics. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2010. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0210k3c9

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Berkeley

29. Johnson, Erin Metcalf. Essays in the Labor Economics of Healthcare.

Degree: Economics, 2010, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2k69c2r2

► This dissertation uses tools and models from labor economics to study two information problems in healthcare markets: the uncertainty of patients regarding the quality of… (more)

▼ This dissertation uses tools and models from labor economics to study two information problems in healthcare markets: the uncertainty of patients regarding the quality of medical care and the asymmetry of information between physicians and patients. These problems may lead to market failure and impact patient care, but our current understanding of the consequences of each is imperfect. I first consider patients' difficulty in determining the quality of medical services, focusing on technical skill of cardiac specialists. While it is difficult for patients to judge the skill of cardiac specialists due to information problems, referring doctors may have access to quality information unavailable to patients. This chapter considers whether the referral relationship between primary care physicians and specialists mitigates problems arising from patients' lack of information in this context. In particular, I measure the extent to which referring doctors learn about specialist quality by observing patient outcomes and use this information to select specialists on patients' behalf. This chapter presents a model of the referral relationship with public learning by PCPs about specialist quality. The model makes predictions for specialists' careers. In general terms, the model predicts that careers of specialists should diverge by quality over time. I test predictions of the model using the universe of Medicare claims filed by cardiac specialists in the U.S. from 1996-2005. Specifically, I compare careers of higher and lower quality specialists using a new measure of specialist quality that is robust to nonrandom patient sorting. The evidence suggests some degree of learning by PCPs: lower quality specialists are significantly more likely to drop out of the labor market and to change geographic markets over time. For young cohorts, learning also results in improved sorting of patients to providers based on risk characteristics over time. The next chapter, which is joint work with M. Marit Rehavi, addresses the asymmetry of information between physicians and patients. Specifically, it measures the extent of agency problems arising from this inequality, focusing on the decision to perform C-sections. We do this by comparing the probability of receiving a C-section for physician-patients with the probability for non-physician professionals. The research design exploits the fact that physicians are better informed regarding the appropriateness of recommendations and treatments than the average professional. As such, treatments for this group provide a near-fully-informed baseline that allows us to isolate the effects of information and agency problems. We carry out this analysis using vital statistics data from the state of Texas, including every registered birth from 1995-2008. We find evidence consistent with agency problems in the physician-patient relationship. Physician-patients are approximately 5% less likely to have a C-section than other highly educated patients, controlling for relevant medical…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Johnson, E. M. (2010). Essays in the Labor Economics of Healthcare. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2k69c2r2

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johnson, Erin Metcalf. “Essays in the Labor Economics of Healthcare.” 2010. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2k69c2r2.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johnson, Erin Metcalf. “Essays in the Labor Economics of Healthcare.” 2010. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Johnson EM. Essays in the Labor Economics of Healthcare. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2k69c2r2.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Johnson EM. Essays in the Labor Economics of Healthcare. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2010. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2k69c2r2

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Riverside

30. Chen, Hung-Lin. Unions, Job Training, and the Wages of Foreign-Born Workers in the U.S.

Degree: Economics, 2010, University of California – Riverside

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3k6554zz

► According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the share of foreign-born workers in the labor market increased from 14% to 17% between 1994 to… (more)

▼ According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the share of foreign-born workers in the labor market increased from 14% to 17% between 1994 to 2008. At the same time, foreign-born union members increased, from 9% to 11%. Immigrants in the United States are an economically disadvantaged group in the labor market. Previous studies suggest that union members and other workers covered by collective agreements receive union wage premiums about 15 percent over nonunion members in the United States. Joining unions could be a good approach for foreign-born workers to receive higher wages. In this connection, the goal of this paper is twofold: one, to estimate the willingness of foreign-born workers to join unions, and two, to determine the union wage premium for foreign-born workers and whether there is a statistical difference in the union relative wage effect for foreign- and native-born workers. The results show that foreign-born workers have a lower probability of joining unions, ceteris paribus. The wage differential between union and nonunion workers for foreign-born workers is only 11.3%, while that for native-born workers is 13.3%. This 2-percent difference of the union impact on wages of native- and foreign-born workers is statistically significant. Among the foreign-born workers, Mexicans have the highest union relative wage effect (22.4%). This study also finds that the union/nonunion wage differentials for both female foreign- and native-born workers are smaller than those for their male counterparts. Moreover, the union wage premium is greater for foreign-born workers in the private sector than for those in the public sector. By region, unions have higher wage impact in the West Coast than in the East Coast.In light of the numerous criticisms leveled against estimating the wage differential between union and nonunion workers using the ordinary least squares (OLS) method, this study estimates the union impact on wages of foreign-born and native-born workers using the propensity score matching (PSM) methodologies (nearest neighbor and kernel matching methods) proposed by Rosenbaum and Rubin (1983), and compares the results with those obtained using the OLS approach. The data on the wages and salaries of male workers aged 16 years and above are obtained from the Current Population Survey and span the period 1994-2008. Both the propensity score matching and OLS estimates indicate that the union/nonunion wage differentials for male foreign-born workers lie between 12% (OLS) and 27% (PSM). In addition, our results suggest that there is little difference in the union/nonunion wage differential between native- and foreign-born workers. The estimates of the union impact on wages using the propensity score matching technique are higher than those derived using OLS for both native- and foreign-born workers. Furthermore, among the foreign-born workers, the union relative wage effect is found to be higher for Mexican-born workers (26-42%), while for Asian-born workers it is lower and statistically insignificant…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Labor

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, H. (2010). Unions, Job Training, and the Wages of Foreign-Born Workers in the U.S. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3k6554zz

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Hung-Lin. “Unions, Job Training, and the Wages of Foreign-Born Workers in the U.S.” 2010. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3k6554zz.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Hung-Lin. “Unions, Job Training, and the Wages of Foreign-Born Workers in the U.S.” 2010. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chen H. Unions, Job Training, and the Wages of Foreign-Born Workers in the U.S. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3k6554zz.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chen H. Unions, Job Training, and the Wages of Foreign-Born Workers in the U.S. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2010. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3k6554zz

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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