subject:(Knee Muscles)

University of Alberta

1. Golemblaski, Kelly Ann. The effect of knee position and angular velocity on the flexor: extensor ratio of the knee.

Degree: MS, Department of Physical Education and Sport Studies, 1986, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cc08hh34r

Subjects/Keywords: Knee – Muscles.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Golemblaski, K. A. (1986). The effect of knee position and angular velocity on the flexor: extensor ratio of the knee. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cc08hh34r

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Golemblaski, Kelly Ann. “The effect of knee position and angular velocity on the flexor: extensor ratio of the knee.” 1986. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cc08hh34r.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Golemblaski, Kelly Ann. “The effect of knee position and angular velocity on the flexor: extensor ratio of the knee.” 1986. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Golemblaski KA. The effect of knee position and angular velocity on the flexor: extensor ratio of the knee. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 1986. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cc08hh34r.

Council of Science Editors:

Golemblaski KA. The effect of knee position and angular velocity on the flexor: extensor ratio of the knee. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 1986. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cc08hh34r

Oregon State University

2. Kipp, Kristof. Acute and delayed effects of an exhaustive bout of exercise on landing biomechanics in women and men.

Degree: PhD, Exercise and Sport Science, 2009, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/12477

► Although female athletes are at greater risk of non-contact knee injuries than men, the factors that contribute to these injuries are not well understood. One… (more)

▼ Although female athletes are at greater risk of non-contact knee injuries than men, the factors that contribute to these injuries are not well understood. One important question is whether intense exercise influences the risk of knee injury, both acutely and over the following days. The purpose of this study was thus to evaluate the acute and delayed effects of an intense bout of exercise on risk factors associated with knee injury in women and men. Fifteen each of healthy young women and men performed two testing sessions, 44-52 hours apart. In each session, biomechanical data were collected during execution of sets of 10 drop vertical jumps. An initial set of drop vertical jumps was compared to a set performed immediately after an intense exercise bout on the first day and to a set performed on the second day to determine the acute and delayed effects of fatigue, respectively. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the effect of the exercise bout on risk factors associated with knee injury during the jump task in women and men. Intense exercise had immediate effects on joint kinematics and kinetics, patterns of joint motion and moments, and the variability of joint couplings. The acute kinematic and kinetic changes at the hip and ankle were consistent with compensatory strategies, whereas changes at the knee were consistent with an increased risk of injury. The same appeared to be true for the patterns of joint motions and moments. Acute changes in the variability of inter- and intra-limb joint couplings were also consistent with compensatory modifications of lower limb biomechanics. Delayed effects were limited to patterns of joint motion and moments, and reflected jointdependent combinations of compensatory strategies or mechanical changes that could increase knee injury risk. Although intense exercise had acute and prolonged effects on several biomechanical variables, none of the effects depended on the sex of participants. These results indicate that intense exercise has immediate and prolonged effects on landing biomechanics, independent of sex. While the majority of changes point to a compensatory strategy, a few were consistent with increased risk of knee injury. Advisors/Committee Members: Pavol, Michael J (advisor), Bay, Brian (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Fatigue; Knee – Muscles – Wounds and injuries

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kipp, K. (2009). Acute and delayed effects of an exhaustive bout of exercise on landing biomechanics in women and men. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/12477

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kipp, Kristof. “Acute and delayed effects of an exhaustive bout of exercise on landing biomechanics in women and men.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/12477.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kipp, Kristof. “Acute and delayed effects of an exhaustive bout of exercise on landing biomechanics in women and men.” 2009. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Kipp K. Acute and delayed effects of an exhaustive bout of exercise on landing biomechanics in women and men. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2009. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/12477.

Council of Science Editors:

Kipp K. Acute and delayed effects of an exhaustive bout of exercise on landing biomechanics in women and men. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/12477

East Carolina University

3. Pope, John R. Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting.

Degree: 2012, East Carolina University

URL: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=13915

► Muscles produce force resulting in moments about a joint causing movement of the body. Muscle forces are estimated with a Hill-type model incorporating four parameters;… (more)

▼ Muscles produce force resulting in moments about a joint causing movement of the body. Muscle forces are estimated with a Hill-type model incorporating four parameters; optimal fiber length (OFL) tendon slack length physiological cross sectional area (PCSA) pennation angle and maximal isometric force (F[superscript]max) scaled to individual subjects. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if subject specific musculotendon parameters estimated in vivo using ultrasound would better estimate moments produced about a joint compared to previous scaling methods. Methods: 7 recreationally active and resistance trained males and females with no history of lower extremity injury participated. Subjects performed single-leg squats while kinematic kinetic and muscle activation data was recorded. Two models for each subject were used in SIMM to estimate knee moments activations and muscle forces: scaled (SC) and ultrasound-based (US). Ultrasound imaging of the primary knee muscles were used to derive subject-specific muscle parameters. Scaled muscle parameters were scaled from the model's generic muscle parameter values. Results: The scaled model produced approximately 50% more error compared to the ultrasound model (RMSE: US= 2.71Nm vs. SC= 6.08 Nm) when comparing inverse dynamics knee moments to each model. EMG analysis showed less error in the ultrasound vs. scaled models when compared to experimental muscle activation (RMSE: US= 0.16 mV Â± .07 SC= 0.23 mV Â± .09) (p< .05). Hamstring activation error was not statistically different between models (RMSE: US= 0.13 mV Â± .07 vs. SC= 0.11 mV Â± .04) (p> .05). Correlations between model and experimental EMG were weak to modest in both models for all muscles [Quadriceps: (US r= 0.50 mV Â± .45 p< 0.01 SC r= 0.55 mV Â± .27 p<0.01) Hamstrings: (US r= 0.44 mV Â± .25 p< 0.01; SC r= 0.23 mV Â± .30 p< .01)] Conclusion: Advances in methodologies used in the field of biomechanical musculoskeletal modeling could be applied to a variety of pathological patients enabling researchers and physicians to better understand how pathology relates with muscle function. More research is warranted in the attempt of deriving a more physiological relevant muscle modeling technique.; Biomechanics, Musculoskeletal system, Ultrasounds Advisors/Committee Members: Anthony S. Kulas (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Knee – Muscles; Physical measurements; Muscle contraction

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pope, J. R. (2012). Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting. (Masters Thesis). East Carolina University. Retrieved from http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=13915

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pope, John R. “Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting.” 2012. Masters Thesis, East Carolina University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=13915.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pope, John R. “Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting.” 2012. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Pope JR. Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. East Carolina University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=13915.

Council of Science Editors:

Pope JR. Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting. [Masters Thesis]. East Carolina University; 2012. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=13915

Montana State University

4. Brown, Tyler Nolan. The effects of acute muscular fatigue on the functional ability of the knee joint.

Degree: MS, College of Education, Health & Human Development, 2005, Montana State University

URL: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/991

► Results of preliminary data collection indicate an increase of electromyography (EMG) amplitude in fatiguing isokinetic contractions of the knee extensors. The primary purpose of this… (more)

▼ Results of preliminary data collection indicate an increase of electromyography (EMG) amplitude in fatiguing isokinetic contractions of the knee extensors. The primary purpose of this study was to determine if the EMG/Torque relationship of vastus lateralis changes as a result of fatigue. The second purpose of this study was to determine if tests of functional ability are affected by fatigue. Twenty-two subjects (13 males and 9 females) were sampled from two populations with different types of training (strength versus endurance) experience. The procedures included a five-minute self-selected warmup on a cycle ergometer, pre-fatigue functional ability tests, fatigue protocol and postfatigue functional ability tests. The functional ability test protocol included four singleleg hopping drills to assess the functional performance of the knee joint. Torque was measured on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60 degrees per second through a functional range of motion until acute fatigue was reached during the fatigue protocol. Surface EMG electrodes were placed over the vastus lateralis to develop an EMG/Torque ratio during the dynamic contractions. The results indicate training type did not significantly affect torque production (p = 0.373) or the EMG/Torque ratio (p = 0.744) during isokinetic knee extensions in response to acute muscular fatigue. The strength-trained sample tended to have a greater increase of the EMG/Torque ratio during the fatigue protocol. The results did indicate that there were two significantly different types of response to acute muscular fatigue (p < 0.001). There were significant differences between the preand post-fatigue functional ability tests for the M/L (p < 0.001) and Up/Down (p = 0.011) but not for 3-Forward (p = 0.408) or Figure-8 (p = 0.286). One group doubled their activation magnitude during the fatigue protocol, while another group did not increase their activation magnitude during the fatigue protocol. It is possible that the increase of activation magnitude seen during the fatigue protocol is a result of transition of fiber type utilization. Further study is needed to determine what is the primary cause of the muscleαs response to acute muscular fatigue. Advisors/Committee Members: Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Michael E. Hahn. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Knee.; Muscles.; Fatigue.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brown, T. N. (2005). The effects of acute muscular fatigue on the functional ability of the knee joint. (Masters Thesis). Montana State University. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/991

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brown, Tyler Nolan. “The effects of acute muscular fatigue on the functional ability of the knee joint.” 2005. Masters Thesis, Montana State University. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/991.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brown, Tyler Nolan. “The effects of acute muscular fatigue on the functional ability of the knee joint.” 2005. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Brown TN. The effects of acute muscular fatigue on the functional ability of the knee joint. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Montana State University; 2005. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/991.

Council of Science Editors:

Brown TN. The effects of acute muscular fatigue on the functional ability of the knee joint. [Masters Thesis]. Montana State University; 2005. Available from: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/991

University of North Carolina – Greensboro

5. Partington, Heath Scott. Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength.

Degree: 2017, University of North Carolina – Greensboro

URL: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=22076

► Strength of the thigh muscles, namely the hamstrings and quadriceps, is a strong determinant of athletic performance and recovery from injury. Thigh strength can be… (more)

▼ Strength of the thigh muscles, namely the hamstrings and quadriceps, is a strong determinant of athletic performance and recovery from injury. Thigh strength can be directly assessed using dynamometry or clinical tasks such as jumps and hops, although in the case of injured individuals such approaches may not be safe. In these cases, it is inferred that the muscle size is indicative of muscle strength thus allowing muscle size to serve as an indirect measure of muscle strength. Typically indirect clinical measures may poorly differentiate muscle size. A more muscle-specific clinical measure can be made from measuring the thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings using clinical ultrasound. Typically, the individual muscles of the quadriceps and hamstrings are grouped together to assess thickness and the correlation between these thicknesses and muscle strength is well understood. The relationship between individual muscle thicknesses and the strength of their muscle groups as a whole is not well understood. The aim of this study was to test whether or not knee extension and flexion strength are correlated to the thickness of individual muscles in the quadriceps or hamstrings, respectively. This would allow clinicians such as athletic trainers to quickly assess atrophy and therefore loss in strength in injured athletes. Results demonstrated that both medial and lateral quadriceps and hamstrings thicknesses were moderately correlated with knee extension and flexion strength measures, respectively. Further analyses showed that grouping multiple quadriceps or hamstrings in the correlation did not improve the relationship of strength to individual muscles. These results indicate that individual thigh muscle thicknesses correlated with knee strength similarly to one another. These results support prior research that has looked at each of these muscles as groups and carry implications about how clinicians can quickly measure muscle strength indirectly in populations where direct strength assessment is not possible.; Individual muscle thickness, Knee extension, Knee flexion, Lower extremity, Strength, Ultrasound Advisors/Committee Members: Randy Schmitz (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Thigh – Muscles – Examination; Leg – Muscles – Examination; Muscle strength – Testing; Knee – Examination

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APA (6^th Edition):

Partington, H. S. (2017). Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength. (Masters Thesis). University of North Carolina – Greensboro. Retrieved from http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=22076

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Partington, Heath Scott. “Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of North Carolina – Greensboro. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=22076.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Partington, Heath Scott. “Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength.” 2017. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Partington HS. Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of North Carolina – Greensboro; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=22076.

Council of Science Editors:

Partington HS. Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength. [Masters Thesis]. University of North Carolina – Greensboro; 2017. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=22076

Edith Cowan University

6. Lin, Ryan Zengyuan. Neuromuscular fatigue following a singles badminton match.

Degree: 2014, Edith Cowan University

URL: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1279

► A typical badminton singles match involves numerous intense and high impact movements. Lunges were accounted for approximately 15% of overall movements and were believed to… (more)

▼ A typical badminton singles match involves numerous intense and high impact movements. Lunges were accounted for approximately 15% of overall movements and were believed to presumably induce significant muscle damage following a match. However, no previous study has investigated changes in knee extensor muscle function after a badminton match.The present study investigated changes in knee extensor neuromuscular function and muscle soreness after a simulated 1-h badminton singles match in relation to the number of lunges performed in the match. Ten state-level male badminton players were recruited (n=10), with each player played a total of eight simulated 1-h matches under the International Badminton World Federation rules. However, each participant was required to play against the same opponent twice and only one participant was fitted with the equipment at any one session, thus the total number of matches analysed was 40. The number of lunges performed by each player in a game was obtained from video analysis. Heart rate (HR) and core body temperature were recorded during the matches, and blood lactate (BL) was measured before and immediately post match. Both femoral nerve and muscle electrical stimulations were used in the present study. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) torque of the knee extensors and flexors, voluntary activation during the knee extension MVC (VA), torque generated by a doublet (DT), and 20 Hz (T20) and 80 Hz stimulation (T80) and the ratio (T20/T80) for the knee extensors, and muscle soreness of knee extensor muscles by a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) were measured before, immediately (8 - 10 min post-match), 1-h and 24-h after a match. Pearson product-moment correlations were computed to examine relationships between variables using ANOVA.Average (± SD) match HR was 162.0 ± 11.0 bpm, post-match BL was 7.2 ± 1.3 mM.L-1, and 194 ± 18 lunges were performed per match per player. Core body temperature increased from 36.5 ± 0.5 °C to 39.4 ± 0.5 °C immediately post match. Knee extension MVC torque was lower than baseline (278.4 ± 50.8 Nm) at immediately (-11%) and 1 h (-14%) post match (P Moderate muscle soreness developed after 1-h simulated badminton matches, but muscle function returned to baseline by 24 hour post match, indicating moderate muscle fibre damage. Since VA was decreased without changes in T20/T80, and knee flexion MVC torque also showed similar changes to those of knee extension MVC torque that was thought to be affected by lunges, the decrease in MVC torque appeared to be associated with central rather than peripheral fatigue or muscle damage. With moderate muscle soreness developing after 1-h simulated badminton matches and muscle function returning to baseline by 24 hour post-game, suggesting minimal muscle fibre damage. It was concluded that both central and peripheral factors contributed to alterations in neuromuscular fatigue and that muscle damage was moderate after the singles matches in which the game intensity and physiological characteristics were close to…

Subjects/Keywords: Badminton; Neuromuscular fatigue; Knee - Muscles; Muscles - Physiology; Muscle contraction; Exercise Physiology; Sports Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lin, R. Z. (2014). Neuromuscular fatigue following a singles badminton match. (Thesis). Edith Cowan University. Retrieved from https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1279

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lin, Ryan Zengyuan. “Neuromuscular fatigue following a singles badminton match.” 2014. Thesis, Edith Cowan University. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1279.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lin, Ryan Zengyuan. “Neuromuscular fatigue following a singles badminton match.” 2014. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Lin RZ. Neuromuscular fatigue following a singles badminton match. [Internet] [Thesis]. Edith Cowan University; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1279.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lin RZ. Neuromuscular fatigue following a singles badminton match. [Thesis]. Edith Cowan University; 2014. Available from: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1279

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Western Washington University

7. Corl-Baietti, Blake. The Effects of 6 Weeks of Hip-Strengthening Exercises on Drop Jump Performance in Middle School Students.

Degree: MS, Health and Human Development, 2020, Western Washington University

URL: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/958

► The anterior cruciate ligament is the most frequently injured ligament in youth ages 8-14 (years) in the United States. This injury is often observed… (more)

▼ The anterior cruciate ligament is the most frequently injured ligament in youth ages 8-14 (years) in the United States. This injury is often observed with abnormal valgus knee posture during dynamic landing tasks. Improvement of hip muscle function has positive associations with increasing lower extremity dynamic task competency. Much remains unknown with respect to the merit of integrating hip muscle-specific exercise programs in the aged 8-14 population for improving knee posture during jump landing. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to quantify the effects of 6-weeks of hip strengthening exercises on frontal plane knee position in the drop jump test with 7^th-grade middle school students. The authors hypothesized that compared to the age-matched control group, the strength training group will show significant changes in frontal plane knee position, specifically a reduction in knee valgus, during drop landings. This intervention study included 57 youth (ages 12-13), who were randomly placed in an experimental or control group. First, to ascertain baseline knee position, all particpants were recorded performing the drop jump test facing a high speed camera. Then, the experimental group performed a series of dynamic warm-up and hip muscle-focused exercises for six weeks, while the control group completed a general warm-up. Post-intervention, pre-test procedures were replicated. A two-way mixed ANOVA was used to measure changes in frontal plane knee position from pre- to post-intervention. Results indicated that the exercise group achieved significantly greater post-intervention improvement in frontal plane knee position on the right knee (p = 0.006), with a mean difference of 7.52° change from valgus to varus posture during landing compared to the control. Further, the exercise group’s left knee significantly differed in post-intervention frontal plane knee position compared to that of the control (p = 0.011), by an average of 6.87°. Overall, with the intervention program the exercise group landed in a less valgus position from pre- to post-test. Six weeks of dynamic warm-up and hip muscle-focused exercises was effective in generating significant changes in frontal plane knee position during the landing phase of a drop jump in male and female 7^th-grade middle school students. Advisors/Committee Members: San Juan, Jun G., Suprak, David N. (Nicholas S.), Buddhadev, Harsh H., (Harsh Harish).

Subjects/Keywords: Kinesiology; Anterior cruciate ligament; Knee – Wounds and injuries; Knee – Muscles; Muscle strength; masters theses

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APA (6^th Edition):

Corl-Baietti, B. (2020). The Effects of 6 Weeks of Hip-Strengthening Exercises on Drop Jump Performance in Middle School Students. (Masters Thesis). Western Washington University. Retrieved from https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/958

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Corl-Baietti, Blake. “The Effects of 6 Weeks of Hip-Strengthening Exercises on Drop Jump Performance in Middle School Students.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Western Washington University. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/958.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Corl-Baietti, Blake. “The Effects of 6 Weeks of Hip-Strengthening Exercises on Drop Jump Performance in Middle School Students.” 2020. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Corl-Baietti B. The Effects of 6 Weeks of Hip-Strengthening Exercises on Drop Jump Performance in Middle School Students. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Western Washington University; 2020. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/958.

Council of Science Editors:

Corl-Baietti B. The Effects of 6 Weeks of Hip-Strengthening Exercises on Drop Jump Performance in Middle School Students. [Masters Thesis]. Western Washington University; 2020. Available from: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/958

University of Alberta

8. Sigurdardottir, Svandis. Isokinetic evaluation of knee flexor and knee extensor muscle endurance in runners and untrained males.

Degree: MS, Department of Physical Therapy, 1988, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/zp38wf65r

Subjects/Keywords: Physical fitness.; Knee – Muscles.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sigurdardottir, S. (1988). Isokinetic evaluation of knee flexor and knee extensor muscle endurance in runners and untrained males. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/zp38wf65r

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sigurdardottir, Svandis. “Isokinetic evaluation of knee flexor and knee extensor muscle endurance in runners and untrained males.” 1988. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/zp38wf65r.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sigurdardottir, Svandis. “Isokinetic evaluation of knee flexor and knee extensor muscle endurance in runners and untrained males.” 1988. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Sigurdardottir S. Isokinetic evaluation of knee flexor and knee extensor muscle endurance in runners and untrained males. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 1988. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/zp38wf65r.

Council of Science Editors:

Sigurdardottir S. Isokinetic evaluation of knee flexor and knee extensor muscle endurance in runners and untrained males. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 1988. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/zp38wf65r

University of Wisconsin – La Cross

9. Kluckhohn, J. Isokinetic evaluation of the knee flexors and extensors of male and female sprinters and distance runners.

Degree: 1997, University of Wisconsin – La Cross

URL: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/48456

Subjects/Keywords: Knee - Muscles; Runners (Sports)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kluckhohn, J. (1997). Isokinetic evaluation of the knee flexors and extensors of male and female sprinters and distance runners. (Thesis). University of Wisconsin – La Cross. Retrieved from http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/48456

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kluckhohn, J. “Isokinetic evaluation of the knee flexors and extensors of male and female sprinters and distance runners.” 1997. Thesis, University of Wisconsin – La Cross. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/48456.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kluckhohn, J. “Isokinetic evaluation of the knee flexors and extensors of male and female sprinters and distance runners.” 1997. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Kluckhohn J. Isokinetic evaluation of the knee flexors and extensors of male and female sprinters and distance runners. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Wisconsin – La Cross; 1997. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/48456.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kluckhohn J. Isokinetic evaluation of the knee flexors and extensors of male and female sprinters and distance runners. [Thesis]. University of Wisconsin – La Cross; 1997. Available from: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/48456

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

East Carolina University

10. Pope, John R. Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting.

Degree: MS, Exercise and Sports Science, 2012, East Carolina University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3952

► Muscles produce force, resulting in moments about a joint, causing movement of the body. Muscle forces are estimated with a Hill-type model incorporating four parameters;… (more)

▼ Muscles produce force, resulting in moments about a joint, causing movement of the body. Muscle forces are estimated with a Hill-type model incorporating four parameters; optimal fiber length (OFL), tendon slack length, physiological cross sectional area (PCSA), pennation angle, and maximal isometric force (F[superscript]max) scaled to individual subjects. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if subject specific musculotendon parameters estimated in vivo using ultrasound would better estimate moments produced about a joint compared to previous scaling methods. Methods: 7 recreationally active and resistance trained males and females with no history of lower extremity injury participated. Subjects performed single-leg squats while kinematic, kinetic, and muscle activation data was recorded. Two models for each subject were used in SIMM to estimate knee moments, activations, and muscle forces: scaled (SC) and ultrasound-based (US). Ultrasound imaging of the primary knee muscles were used to derive subject-specific muscle parameters. Scaled muscle parameters were scaled from the model's generic muscle parameter values. Results: The scaled model produced approximately 50% more error compared to the ultrasound model (RMSE: US= 2.71Nm vs. SC= 6.08 Nm) when comparing inverse dynamics knee moments to each model. EMG analysis showed less error in the ultrasound vs. scaled models when compared to experimental muscle activation (RMSE: US= 0.16 mV Â± .07, SC= 0.23 mV Â± .09) (p< .05). Hamstring activation error was not statistically different between models (RMSE: US= 0.13 mV Â± .07 vs. SC= 0.11 mV Â± .04) (p> .05). Correlations between model and experimental EMG were weak to modest in both models for all muscles [Quadriceps: (US r= 0.50 mV Â± .45, p< 0.01, SC r= 0.55 mV Â± .27, p<0.01), Hamstrings: (US r= 0.44 mV Â± .25, p< 0.01; SC r= 0.23 mV Â± .30, p< .01)] Conclusion: Advances in methodologies used in the field of biomechanical musculoskeletal modeling could be applied to a variety of pathological patients enabling researchers and physicians to better understand how pathology relates with muscle function. More research is warranted in the attempt of deriving a more physiological relevant muscle modeling technique. Advisors/Committee Members: Kulas, Anthony S. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Biomechanics; Musculoskeletal system; Ultrasounds; Knee – Muscles; Physical measurements; Muscle contraction

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pope, J. R. (2012). Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting. (Masters Thesis). East Carolina University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3952

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pope, John R. “Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting.” 2012. Masters Thesis, East Carolina University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3952.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pope, John R. “Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting.” 2012. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Pope JR. Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. East Carolina University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3952.

Council of Science Editors:

Pope JR. Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting. [Masters Thesis]. East Carolina University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3952

Texas State University – San Marcos

11. Wedding, Heather Ann. The effect of muscle fatigue on lower extremity kinematics in physically active females.

Degree: MS, Health, PE and Recreation, 2009, Texas State University – San Marcos

URL: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/12750

► Objective: To investigate the effect of fatigue on dynamic knee valgus and hip joint movement during a single leg squat in physically active females. Design… (more)

▼ Objective: To investigate the effect of fatigue on dynamic knee valgus and hip joint movement during a single leg squat in physically active females. Design and Setting: All data were collected in lowers Athletic Training Research Laboratory, Texas State University-San Marcos. Subjects: Thirty healthy, physically active females (age = 21 + 2.13t years, mass = 61.02 + 7.33 kg, height = 167.34 + 6.08 cm, Q angle = 17.75 + 2.21 degrees) with no reports of injuries, impairments or surgeries to the low back or lower extremities within the past two years. Measurements: All subjects stood on a box (height specified and adjusted according to leg length) and then completed two single leg squats to approximately 70 degrees of knee flexion prior to isokinetic strength testing and after the fatigue protocol. Frontal plane knee motion and sagittal plane hip motion was evaluated and recorded using two 2-D SportsCam High Speed Cameras. Isokinetic (60 deg/sec) concentric knee (flexion/extension) strength was measured and evaluated, followed by an immediate isokinetic (60 deg/sec) concentric knee (flexion/extension) fatigue protocol. Subjects were evaluated as fatigued once they fell below 50% of the previously recorded knee (flexion/extension) peak torque. Results: Two paired t-tests for pre and post dynamic knee valgus and hip flexion angles were calculated. A significant difference was found with hip flexion. The mean score on the posttest (136.48 + 10.98) showed an increase in hip flexion angle when compared to the pretest (140.43 ± 10.03); t (29) = 4.05, p < .01, accounting for 95% of the variance in the difference between the scores. Paired t-tests for the pre and post mean dynamic valgum revealed no significant difference during the single leg squat as hypothesized. Effect size for the difference between pre and post fatigue dynamic valgum ranged from -1.29 to 3.20 and hip flexion from -3.22 to 4.31 respectively. Conclusion: Frontal plane dynamic knee movement showed no significant difference between pre and post fatigue assessments. However, the sagittal plane mean hip flexion angle did report a significant difference between the pre and post fatigue measurements. These results demonstrate the need for further investigation of the role that the knee musculature plays in hip flexion angles during dynamic movement, pre and post fatigue. Advisors/Committee Members: Ransone, Jack (advisor), Vela, Luzita (committee member), Pankey, Robert (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Kinematics; Knee movements; Fatigue; Muscles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wedding, H. A. (2009). The effect of muscle fatigue on lower extremity kinematics in physically active females. (Masters Thesis). Texas State University – San Marcos. Retrieved from https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/12750

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wedding, Heather Ann. “The effect of muscle fatigue on lower extremity kinematics in physically active females.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Texas State University – San Marcos. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/12750.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wedding, Heather Ann. “The effect of muscle fatigue on lower extremity kinematics in physically active females.” 2009. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Wedding HA. The effect of muscle fatigue on lower extremity kinematics in physically active females. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2009. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/12750.

Council of Science Editors:

Wedding HA. The effect of muscle fatigue on lower extremity kinematics in physically active females. [Masters Thesis]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2009. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/12750

University of British Columbia

12. Halliwell, Albert A. Determination of muscle, ligament and articular forces at the knee during a simulate skating thrust.

Degree: Master of Human Kinetics - MHK, Physical Education, 1977, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/20580

► A number of investigators have determined the joint forces acting at the hip and knee for normal human locomotion as related to the design of… (more)

▼ A number of investigators have determined the joint forces acting at the hip and knee for normal human locomotion as related to the design of prosthetic devices. This research has been extended to allow the calculation or estimation of the muscular and ligamentous forces operating at the knee joint for normal walking. The current study expanded upon the past research to evaluate the magnitude and temporal sequence of.the muscle, ligament and articular forces acting at the knee joint for a simulated skating thrust. A skilled ice hockey player was filmed in two reference planes while making a skating thrust from a laboratory force platform. The cine film data was synchronized with the force plate output to allow calculation of the orthogonal forces and moments imposed on the knee joint. The orthogonal force system was determined from a knowledge of the inertial, gravitational and reaction forces acting on the lower limb during the skating thrust. The muscle, ligament and joint forces were determined from equations derived from the conditions of joint equilibrium. The equations of equilibrium were indeterminate and had to be reduced by making assumptions from electromyographic records to allow solution. Forces were calculated for a simplified muscle and ligament system which included the hamstrings, quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscle groups, the collateral ligaments and the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint. In addition, the articular joint force, joint torque and centre of pressure of the joint force were determined. Results of the investigation revealed that the magnitude of the muscle, ligament and joint forces developed in a skating thrust were considerably greater than respective forces exerted during level walking while the temporal sequence of the skating forces was comparable to walking upstairs. The quadriceps muscle group exerted the greatest contractile force while the gastrocnemius and hamstrings groups developed much smaller forces. The largest ligament forces were developed in the collateral ligaments and the posterior cruciate ligament to maintain stability of the joint. The knee joint is subject to the combined effects of a joint force six times body weight and a large joint torque superimposed upon each other during the skating thrust and this fact is considered important when discussing the cause of menisci knee injuries.

Subjects/Keywords: Knee; Leg – Muscles; Human locomotion

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APA (6^th Edition):

Halliwell, A. A. (1977). Determination of muscle, ligament and articular forces at the knee during a simulate skating thrust. (Masters Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/20580

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Halliwell, Albert A. “Determination of muscle, ligament and articular forces at the knee during a simulate skating thrust.” 1977. Masters Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/20580.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Halliwell, Albert A. “Determination of muscle, ligament and articular forces at the knee during a simulate skating thrust.” 1977. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Halliwell AA. Determination of muscle, ligament and articular forces at the knee during a simulate skating thrust. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1977. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/20580.

Council of Science Editors:

Halliwell AA. Determination of muscle, ligament and articular forces at the knee during a simulate skating thrust. [Masters Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1977. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/20580

AUT University

13. Dombroski, Erik. The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo .

Degree: 2005, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197

► The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo.Study Design: A test-retest… (more)

▼ The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo.Study Design: A test-retest randomised controlled trial with repeated measures was undertaken.Background: Stretching has been commonly promoted to increase the passive extensibility of the muscle-tendon units, yet the mechanism behind its proposed effects remains ambiguous. In vivo studies of stretching have mostly been limited to the viscoelastic characteristic of stress-relaxation. Few studies have investigated the characteristic of creep. Animal and cadaver in vitro creep experiments have consistently shown increases in the length of the soft tissues, with associated changes in their resistance and stiffness. These results however, might not be representative of human muscle-tendon units under in vivo conditions. Additionally, those in vivo human studies that have investigated creep phenomenon have contrasting results. To date, no known in vivo study has examined passive cyclic loading of human hamstrings to a constant load level.Method: Using a repeated measures design the extensibility of the hamstring muscles were assessed by a passive knee extension test (PKE) to maximal stretch tolerance using a KinCom® dynamometer. Those participants in the intervention group underwent 45 continuous passive cyclic loadings as the KinCom® dynamometer moved the knee joint into extension until torque reached 85% of maximal passive resistance torque measured in the passive knee extension test. The control group sat quietly relaxed during the intervention period. Measurements of hamstring passive extensibility using the PKE test were repeated at the end of the intervention.Results: Following the intervention, the PKE test showed for the cyclic loading group there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in both maximal passive resistance torque (mean 23%) and knee joint angle (mean 6.3%). A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in passive resistance torque (mean 11.8%) when re-measured at the baseline position of maximal passive knee angle was observed. A significant increase (p < 0.05) was found for passive stiffness over the final 10% of the knee torque-angle curve. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found for passive stiffness for the full (100%) of the torque-angle curve. Of the control group, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed for all variables of the PKE test. Analysis of cycle one compared to forty-five of the cyclic loading intervention procedure showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in both passive knee joint angle (mean 5.2%) and passive stiffness (mean 28.6%) over the final 10% of the knee joint torque-angle. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found for passive stiffness across the full (100%) knee joint torque-angle.Conclusion: The findings of the current study demonstrated that after cyclic loading the hamstring muscles lengthened and became stiffer over the final gained range of knee joint motion. Although the current study cannot determine the mechanism… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Stretching exercises; Knee; Muscles; Tendons; Hamstring muscles; Exercise science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dombroski, E. (2005). The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dombroski, Erik. “The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo .” 2005. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dombroski, Erik. “The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo .” 2005. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Dombroski E. The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2005. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dombroski E. The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Florida

14. Walter, Jonathan Paul. Emg-Based Muscle Force Estimation.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, 2012, University of Florida

URL: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0044612

► Excessive contact forces in the medial compartment of the knee during walking are believed to progress articular cartilage damage in osteoarthritis. Abnormally large adduction moments… (more)

▼ Excessive contact forces in the medial compartment of the knee during walking are believed to progress articular cartilage damage in osteoarthritis. Abnormally large adduction moments of the knee from gait analyses have been linked to progression and severity of this disease. The results of the first study presented here indicate that reducing the knee adduction moment does not necessarily guarantee a reduction in corresponding contact forces. Therefore, a more accurate measurement of the loads on the knee, especially the balance between contact and muscle forces, is desired for a subject-specific biomechanical analysis of subjects with neuromusculoskeletal disorders. However, the inability to easily measure muscle forces in vivo, along with the inability to calculate unique muscle forces directly, has greatly hindered achievement of this goal. The use ofelectromyography (EMG) to constrain shapes of muscle excitations has been helpful to produce muscle force estimates, but require EMG-to-force models with unknown model parameters and EMG collection is limited to a subset of leg muscles. The concept of neural synergies is developed here to parameterize the muscle excitations of all muscles based on a small set of time varying neural commands. The second and third studies presented here investigated how the complexity of EMG-to-force models, and the inclusion of EMG tracking or neural synergy parameterization, affect estimates of muscle and contact forces in the leg during walking using optimization methods. The investigations were performed using experimental motion capture,ground reaction, EMG, and knee contact loads collected from a subject implanted with a force-measuring tibial prosthesis. A small trend for better contact force predictions was found with the use of synergies to constrain muscle excitations and also with the removal of EMG tracking. It is believed that EMG-based constraint methods suffer from the difficulties of accurate EMG collection,model parameter uncertainty, and the lack of experimental excitation-magnitude constraints. Further research should be performed to determine how well the complexity of EMG-to-force models affects contact force estimates and to determine the best model parameter calibration techniques for EMG-based muscle force estimations ( en ) Advisors/Committee Members: Fregly, Benjamin J (committee chair), Banks, Scott A (committee member), Rao, Anil (committee member), Conrad, Bryan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Contact loads; Electromyography; Error rates; Gait; Knees; Modeling; Muscles; Parametric models; Signals; Tendons; biomechanics – contact – emg – implant – knee – muscles – optimization – osteoarthritis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Walter, J. P. (2012). Emg-Based Muscle Force Estimation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Florida. Retrieved from https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0044612

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Walter, Jonathan Paul. “Emg-Based Muscle Force Estimation.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0044612.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Walter, Jonathan Paul. “Emg-Based Muscle Force Estimation.” 2012. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Walter JP. Emg-Based Muscle Force Estimation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Florida; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0044612.

Council of Science Editors:

Walter JP. Emg-Based Muscle Force Estimation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Florida; 2012. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0044612

15. NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Partington, Heath Scott. Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength.

Degree: 2017, NC Docks

URL: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Partington_uncg_0154M_12316.pdf

► Strength of the thigh muscles, namely the hamstrings and quadriceps, is a strong determinant of athletic performance and recovery from injury. Thigh strength can be… (more)

▼ Strength of the thigh muscles, namely the hamstrings and quadriceps, is a strong determinant of athletic performance and recovery from injury. Thigh strength can be directly assessed using dynamometry or clinical tasks such as jumps and hops, although in the case of injured individuals such approaches may not be safe. In these cases, it is inferred that the muscle size is indicative of muscle strength thus allowing muscle size to serve as an indirect measure of muscle strength. Typically indirect clinical measures may poorly differentiate muscle size. A more muscle-specific clinical measure can be made from measuring the thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings using clinical ultrasound. Typically, the individual muscles of the quadriceps and hamstrings are grouped together to assess thickness and the correlation between these thicknesses and muscle strength is well understood. The relationship between individual muscle thicknesses and the strength of their muscle groups as a whole is not well understood. The aim of this study was to test whether or not knee extension and flexion strength are correlated to the thickness of individual muscles in the quadriceps or hamstrings, respectively. This would allow clinicians such as athletic trainers to quickly assess atrophy and therefore loss in strength in injured athletes. Results demonstrated that both medial and lateral quadriceps and hamstrings thicknesses were moderately correlated with knee extension and flexion strength measures, respectively. Further analyses showed that grouping multiple quadriceps or hamstrings in the correlation did not improve the relationship of strength to individual muscles. These results indicate that individual thigh muscle thicknesses correlated with knee strength similarly to one another. These results support prior research that has looked at each of these muscles as groups and carry implications about how clinicians can quickly measure muscle strength indirectly in populations where direct strength assessment is not possible.

Subjects/Keywords: Thigh $x Muscles $x Examination; Leg $x Muscles $x Examination; Muscle strength $x Testing; Knee $x Examination

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APA (6^th Edition):

NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Partington, H. S. (2017). Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength. (Thesis). NC Docks. Retrieved from http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Partington_uncg_0154M_12316.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Partington, Heath Scott. “Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength.” 2017. Thesis, NC Docks. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Partington_uncg_0154M_12316.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Partington, Heath Scott. “Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength.” 2017. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Partington HS. Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength. [Internet] [Thesis]. NC Docks; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Partington_uncg_0154M_12316.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Partington HS. Individual muscle thickness of the quadriceps and hamstrings and their relationship with knee extension and flexion strength. [Thesis]. NC Docks; 2017. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Partington_uncg_0154M_12316.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Arizona

16. Feiring, David Conrad. Determination of quadriceps muscle endurance following rehabilitation of ligamentous knee injury .

Degree: 1981, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/557829

Subjects/Keywords: Muscle strength.; Knee – Wounds and injuries.; Knee – Muscles.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Feiring, D. C. (1981). Determination of quadriceps muscle endurance following rehabilitation of ligamentous knee injury . (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/557829

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Feiring, David Conrad. “Determination of quadriceps muscle endurance following rehabilitation of ligamentous knee injury .” 1981. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/557829.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Feiring, David Conrad. “Determination of quadriceps muscle endurance following rehabilitation of ligamentous knee injury .” 1981. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Feiring DC. Determination of quadriceps muscle endurance following rehabilitation of ligamentous knee injury . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 1981. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/557829.

Council of Science Editors:

Feiring DC. Determination of quadriceps muscle endurance following rehabilitation of ligamentous knee injury . [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 1981. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/557829

East Carolina University

17. Brady, Robert B. Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension.

Degree: 2012, East Carolina University

URL: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=14232

► When a muscle produces voluntary force muscles on the opposite side of the joint the antagonists are also activated. While coactivation of the knee flexors… (more)

▼ When a muscle produces voluntary force muscles on the opposite side of the joint the antagonists are also activated. While coactivation of the knee flexors during knee extension is presumed to increase joint stability by decreasing anterior shear force of the tibia on the femur the coactivation of the hamstrings also produces what is called the antagonist torque. Systematic exercise in the form of resistance training can reduce antagonist muscle coactivation in healthy young adults. However the mechanical consequence of this neurological adaptation is unclear. We thus hypothesized that previously strength-trained individuals would exhibit less antagonist coactivation resulting in a reduced antagonist torque and that with an increase in contraction speed there would be an increase in antagonist coactivation to slow the movement but there would be less of an increase due to speed in the trained compared with untrained individuals. Therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of training status on coactivation i.e. antagonist torque and on the speed-sensitivity of coactivation. Subjects for this study were fitted with surface EMG electrodes on their thigh muscles and performed maximal effort knee extensions on a dynamometer using shortening (concentric) and lengthening (eccentric) contractions at 30 90 and 150Â°/s. As expected trained individuals produced ~44% less coactivation at all contractions speeds. Against the hypothesis coactivation did not increase in either group as velocity increased as there was less than 10% difference in coactivation levels between the 3 speeds. Also against the hypothesis as determined with an EMG-driven mathematical model antagonist torque did not decrease with decreasing coactivation; in fact we see a trend towards the opposite for trained individuals. A borderline greater antagonist torque was noted in the trained compared to the untrained subjects even with decreased coactivation of the trained. These data suggest that antagonist muscle coactivation is less in trained healthy young adults but this reduced neural activation does not manifest itself in lower levels of antagonist torque. Therefore leg strength training may increase muscle strength in part by reducing antagonist muscle coactivation without compromising joint stability. ; Coactivation, Co-contraction, Electromyography, Torque, Trained Advisors/Committee Members: Tibor HortobÃ¡gyi (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Exercise – Physiological aspects; Physical education and training; Knee – Muscles; Muscle contraction; Biomechanics; Kinesiology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brady, R. B. (2012). Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension. (Masters Thesis). East Carolina University. Retrieved from http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=14232

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brady, Robert B. “Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension.” 2012. Masters Thesis, East Carolina University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=14232.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brady, Robert B. “Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension.” 2012. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Brady RB. Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. East Carolina University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=14232.

Council of Science Editors:

Brady RB. Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension. [Masters Thesis]. East Carolina University; 2012. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=14232

Queens University

18. Khoja, Latif. Hip and knee frontal plane biomechanics in people with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis .

Degree: Rehabilitation Science, 2008, Queens University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1054

► Objectives: To investigate differences between hip abductor muscle strength, hip and knee adduction moments and knee joint alignment in people with moderate/severe and mild medial… (more)

▼ Objectives: To investigate differences between hip abductor muscle strength, hip and knee adduction moments and knee joint alignment in people with moderate/severe and mild medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA), and people without OA, and identify variables explaining variance in knee adduction moment in participants with OA. Background: It has been suggested that weakness of hip abductor muscles may lead to displacement of the centre of mass of body away from the stance limb during gait, resulting in increased knee adduction moment, a predictor of disease progression. Methods: Participants with medial compartment knee OA were divided into moderate/severe (n=23) and mild OA groups (n=15) based on radiographic grading. Control subjects were recruited to match participants in the moderate/severe group for age and gender (n=23). Hip abductor and adductor muscle isometric strength was measured using the Biodex dynamometer. Gait speed and hip and knee peak adduction moments and percentage of the stance phase where these occurred were obtained using a three dimensional motion analysis system and two force platforms. Knee alignment and severity of OA were measured from radiographs. Statistics: Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine group differences. Stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to identify the variables which contribute to variation in knee adduction moment. Results: Moderate/severe OA group participants had higher body mass index (BMI) than the mild OA and control group (p=0.01) and greater varus alignment compared to the control group (p<0.01). There was no difference between the mean hip abductor and adductor muscle strength and hip and knee adduction moments among the three groups. Peak hip (p=0.02) and knee adduction moments (p<0.05) occurred later in stance phase of gait in the moderate/severe OA group as compared to control group. Knee joint alignment (26%), hip abductor muscle isometric strength (20%), gait speed (16%) and hip adduction moment (11%) explained 73% of variance in the knee adduction moment in the participants with OA. Conclusion: Findings from this study do not support the theory that weakness of the hip abductor muscles contributes to higher knee adduction moments.

Subjects/Keywords: Osteoarthritis ; Biomechanics ; Knee ; Hip abductor muscles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Khoja, L. (2008). Hip and knee frontal plane biomechanics in people with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis . (Thesis). Queens University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1054

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Khoja, Latif. “Hip and knee frontal plane biomechanics in people with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis .” 2008. Thesis, Queens University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1054.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Khoja, Latif. “Hip and knee frontal plane biomechanics in people with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis .” 2008. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Khoja L. Hip and knee frontal plane biomechanics in people with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis . [Internet] [Thesis]. Queens University; 2008. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1054.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Khoja L. Hip and knee frontal plane biomechanics in people with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis . [Thesis]. Queens University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1054

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Alberta

19. Fan, Jean Shun-Wai. The relationship between knee strength and lower limb function in females with juvenile arthritis.

Degree: MS, Department of Physical Therapy, 1996, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/x346d693p

Subjects/Keywords: Leg – Muscles.; Muscle strength.; Knee – Muscles.; Rheumatoid arthritis in children – Patients.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fan, J. S. (1996). The relationship between knee strength and lower limb function in females with juvenile arthritis. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/x346d693p

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fan, Jean Shun-Wai. “The relationship between knee strength and lower limb function in females with juvenile arthritis.” 1996. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/x346d693p.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fan, Jean Shun-Wai. “The relationship between knee strength and lower limb function in females with juvenile arthritis.” 1996. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Fan JS. The relationship between knee strength and lower limb function in females with juvenile arthritis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 1996. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/x346d693p.

Council of Science Editors:

Fan JS. The relationship between knee strength and lower limb function in females with juvenile arthritis. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 1996. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/x346d693p

University of Alberta

20. Marks, Ray. Characterisation of electromyographic activity in normal and pathological knee joints during seated extension.

Degree: MS, Department of Physical Therapy, 1988, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ft848s75p

Subjects/Keywords: Osteoarthritis.; Knee – Muscles.; Joints – Range of motion.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Marks, R. (1988). Characterisation of electromyographic activity in normal and pathological knee joints during seated extension. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ft848s75p

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marks, Ray. “Characterisation of electromyographic activity in normal and pathological knee joints during seated extension.” 1988. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ft848s75p.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marks, Ray. “Characterisation of electromyographic activity in normal and pathological knee joints during seated extension.” 1988. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Marks R. Characterisation of electromyographic activity in normal and pathological knee joints during seated extension. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 1988. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ft848s75p.

Council of Science Editors:

Marks R. Characterisation of electromyographic activity in normal and pathological knee joints during seated extension. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 1988. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ft848s75p

Universidade de Lisboa

21. Ferreira, Ana Catarina Valente. Predicting muscle fibre type composition through joint mechanics.

Degree: 2012, Universidade de Lisboa

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/9187

►

Tese de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Biomédica e Biofísica (Engenharia Clínica e Instrumentação) , apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2012… (more)

▼

Tese de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Biomédica e Biofísica (Engenharia Clínica e Instrumentação) , apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2012

Ageing, neurological diseases or certain conditions can result in changes in muscle properties, such as fibre type composition, which may influence muscle performance. Short-range stiffness (SRS) is a mechanical property of muscles which reflects mainly the stiffness of the attached cross-bridges. Different fibre types are believed to have different SRS and thus SRS might be important in characterizing muscle fibre type composition. Recently, a model-based estimation method was developed to estimate wrist muscles SRS in vivo. In this study, the same method was used to estimate leg muscles SRS using an ankle manipulator. Subjects (n=10) were measured with the leg extended and flexed at 90º at five torque levels, ranging from 0 to 20 Nm. It was expected that with the knee extended the recruitment of type II fibres would be greater at higher torques and thus, the estimated SRS would be lower. Two subjects were measured on different days for repeatability analysis. Furthermore, a geometrical model was developed to predict the contribution of tendon stiffness and muscle pennation angle to SRS. From the simulation results, the SRS model developed for the wrist seems adequate to estimate leg muscles SRS. However, some of the model parameters presented high standard error mean (SEM) values as well as high inter-trial standard deviations (ITSTD). Improvements in the equipment and in the attachment between the foot and the footplate might be necessary to confirm the goodness of the model fit. Regarding the estimated SRS at different knee angles, no significant differences were found. From the sensitivity analysis of the geometrical model, tendon stiffness seems to have a large influence on muscle stiffness and thus its inclusion in the SRS model should be considered.

Advisors/Committee Members: Ferreira, Hugo Alexandre, Vlugt, Erwin de.

Subjects/Keywords: Fibre type; In vivo estimation; Short-range stiffness; Leg muscles; Knee angle; Teses de mestrado - 2012

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ferreira, A. C. V. (2012). Predicting muscle fibre type composition through joint mechanics. (Thesis). Universidade de Lisboa. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/9187

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ferreira, Ana Catarina Valente. “Predicting muscle fibre type composition through joint mechanics.” 2012. Thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/9187.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ferreira, Ana Catarina Valente. “Predicting muscle fibre type composition through joint mechanics.” 2012. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ferreira ACV. Predicting muscle fibre type composition through joint mechanics. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade de Lisboa; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/9187.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ferreira ACV. Predicting muscle fibre type composition through joint mechanics. [Thesis]. Universidade de Lisboa; 2012. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/9187

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Edith Cowan University

22. Seitz, Laurent B. Mechanisms affecting post-activation potentiation following voluntary isokinetic knee extension.

Degree: 2014, Edith Cowan University

URL: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1557

► The present research was designed to: 1) determine whether the voluntary PAP effects commonly observed after conditioning activity (CA; i.e. muscular contraction prior to a… (more)

▼ The present research was designed to: 1) determine whether the voluntary PAP effects commonly observed after conditioning activity (CA; i.e. muscular contraction prior to a ‘test’ contraction) are a consequence of acute neuromuscular alterations relating to the CA itself, or whether they simply reflect warm-up and/or familiarisation effects; 2) clarify the influence of the contraction velocity, duration and total work characteristics of the CA on voluntary PAP; 3) determine the factors allowing stronger individuals to express higher level of voluntary PAP; and 4) determine the peripheral and central mechanisms of voluntary PAP in human skeletal muscle. In Study 1, the effects of different contraction velocity, duration and total work characteristics on PAP were examined after a complete warm-up. The contributions of peripheral and central mechanisms to PAP were also examined. Voluntary and electrically-evoked torques and electromyogram (EMG) data were captured before and after five different dynamic (isokinetic) CAs, after the participants had completed an extensive warm-up including extensive task-specific practice to the point where maximal voluntary contractile capacity was achieved. Vastus lateralis (VL) EMG amplitude normalised to the muscle compound action potentiation (M-wave) amplitude (EMG:M), was taken as a measure of central drive whereas twitch peak torque and M-wave amplitude were recorded to assess peripheral function. Even after a plateau in voluntary contractile capacity was achieved after the complete warm-up, the imposition of CAs elicited significant increases in both voluntary and twitch torques (i.e., PAP). CAs with longer total contraction duration (6s) and a minimum total work of ~750-900 J produced PAP, regardless of the velocity of the CA. No changes in EMG:M were detected after any CA suggesting that central drive was not a major factor influencing PAP under the present experimental conditions. However, the increases in twitch peak torques with lack of change in Mwave amplitude suggest that peripheral function, possibly including changes in myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) phosphorylation and increased intracellular Ca2+ release and sensitivity may have contributed to the observed PAP. It is clear from the literature and the results of Study 1 that there is a significant inter-individual variability in the PAP phenomenon. Typically, stronger individuals are able to express higher levels of PAP but it is unclear why this occurs. Therefore, in Study 2 peak knee extensor torque at 60o·s-1, quadriceps and VL crosssectional area (CSA) and volume, and the type II myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform percentage (VL) were measured to determine their relative contribution to PAP elicited under voluntary conditions. There were large to very large correlations between PAP magnitude and peak knee extensor torque at 60o·s-1 (r=0.62), quadriceps (r=0.68) and VL (r=0.62) CSA, and quadriceps (r=0.63) and VL (r=0.65) volume. Nonetheless, these correlations were not statistically significant after adjusting…

Subjects/Keywords: Conditioning contraction; Performance improvement; Fibre type; Myosin isoform; Muscle size; Muscle torque; Electrical stimulation; Knee muscles; Sports Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Seitz, L. B. (2014). Mechanisms affecting post-activation potentiation following voluntary isokinetic knee extension. (Thesis). Edith Cowan University. Retrieved from https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1557

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Seitz, Laurent B. “Mechanisms affecting post-activation potentiation following voluntary isokinetic knee extension.” 2014. Thesis, Edith Cowan University. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1557.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Seitz, Laurent B. “Mechanisms affecting post-activation potentiation following voluntary isokinetic knee extension.” 2014. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Seitz LB. Mechanisms affecting post-activation potentiation following voluntary isokinetic knee extension. [Internet] [Thesis]. Edith Cowan University; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1557.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Seitz LB. Mechanisms affecting post-activation potentiation following voluntary isokinetic knee extension. [Thesis]. Edith Cowan University; 2014. Available from: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1557

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

East Carolina University

23. Brady, Robert B. Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension.

Degree: MS, Exercise and Sports Science, 2012, East Carolina University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3949

► When a muscle produces voluntary force, muscles on the opposite side of the joint, the antagonists, are also activated. While coactivation of the knee flexors… (more)

▼ When a muscle produces voluntary force, muscles on the opposite side of the joint, the antagonists, are also activated. While coactivation of the knee flexors during knee extension is presumed to increase joint stability by decreasing anterior shear force of the tibia on the femur, the coactivation of the hamstrings also produces what is called the antagonist torque. Systematic exercise in the form of resistance training can reduce antagonist muscle coactivation in healthy young adults. However, the mechanical consequence of this neurological adaptation is unclear. We thus hypothesized that previously strength-trained individuals would exhibit less antagonist coactivation, resulting in a reduced antagonist torque, and that with an increase in contraction speed there would be an increase in antagonist coactivation to slow the movement but there would be less of an increase due to speed in the trained compared with untrained individuals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of training status on coactivation, i.e., antagonist torque, and on the speed-sensitivity of coactivation. Subjects for this study were fitted with surface EMG electrodes on their thigh muscles, and performed maximal effort knee extensions on a dynamometer, using shortening (concentric) and lengthening (eccentric) contractions at 30, 90, and 150Â°/s. As expected, trained individuals produced ~44% less coactivation at all contractions speeds. Against the hypothesis, coactivation did not increase in either group as velocity increased, as there was less than 10% difference in coactivation levels between the 3 speeds. Also against the hypothesis, as determined with an EMG-driven mathematical model, antagonist torque did not decrease with decreasing coactivation; in fact we see a trend towards the opposite for trained individuals. A borderline greater antagonist torque was noted in the trained compared to the untrained subjects even with decreased coactivation of the trained. These data suggest that antagonist muscle coactivation is less in trained healthy young adults but this reduced neural activation does not manifest itself in lower levels of antagonist torque. Therefore, leg strength training may increase muscle strength in part by reducing antagonist muscle coactivation without compromising joint stability.Â Â Advisors/Committee Members: HortobÃ¡gyi, Tibor (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Coactivation; Co-contraction; Electromyography; Torque; Trained; Exercise – Physiological aspects; Physical education and training; Knee – Muscles; Muscle contraction; Biomechanics; Kinesiology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Brady, R. B. (2012). Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension. (Masters Thesis). East Carolina University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3949

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brady, Robert B. “Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension.” 2012. Masters Thesis, East Carolina University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3949.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brady, Robert B. “Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension.” 2012. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Brady RB. Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. East Carolina University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3949.

Council of Science Editors:

Brady RB. Influence of training history and contraction velocity on hamstring muscle coactivation during maximal effort knee extension. [Masters Thesis]. East Carolina University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3949

University of North Carolina – Greensboro

24. Ambegaonkar, Jatin P. A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps.

Degree: 2007, University of North Carolina – Greensboro

URL: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=1083

► "This dissertation compared knee muscle activation of the lateral gastrocnemius, medial and lateral hamstrings, and lateral quadriceps (LG, MH, LH, and LQ) and knee joint… (more)

▼ "This dissertation compared knee muscle activation of the lateral gastrocnemius, medial and lateral hamstrings, and lateral quadriceps (LG, MH, LH, and LQ) and knee joint stiffness(KJS) between female dancers(D) and basketball players(B) during the initial landing of a double-leg drop jump. The purpose was to examine possible neuromechanical strategies dancers employ that might protect them from Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries during a potentially high ACL-injury risk activity. Fifty-five females (D=35, 20.7+2.3yrs, 164.3+6.7cm,62.2+1.9kg, B=20,20.1+2.0yrs, 170.5+6.1cm,72.6+11.4kg) performed 5 double-leg drop jumps from a 45cm box. Muscle activity was recorded via surface electromyography (sEMG). A force plate and three-dimensional electromagnetic tracking system were used to record kinetic and kinematic data and calculate KJS (ratio of change in sagittal knee moment to sagittal knee flexion angle from ground contact to maximum knee flexion). sEMG data were normalized to maximum volitional isometric contractions(%MVIC), and joint moments to body weight (Nm/kg). Separate 2x4 ANOVAs compared D and B on muscle onsets (ms) and mean RMS amplitudes (%MVIC) before (PRE=150 ms) and after (POST=50 ms) ground contact. A one-way ANOVA examined group differences in KJS (Nm/kg°), with a stepwise regression model examining prediction of KJS. No significant group differences were observed in muscle onsets (D=133.4+53.2ms, B=121.6+50.2ms;P=.22), activation amplitudes (PRE: D=28.1+8.7%MVIC, B=27.7+10.5%MVIC;P=.60; POST: D=51+17.3%MVIC, B=49.6+21.4%MVIC;P=.78), or KJS (D=.0163+.009Nm/kg°, B=.0185+.011Nm/kg°;P=.44). Due to recruitment challenges the proposed full complement of participants (N=70;D=35,B=35) was not achieved. Moderate effect sizes (ES) between-groups indicated a trend towards higher muscle activation levels in dancers in MH both pre (34vs.26%MVIC;ES=.55) and post (38vs.25%MVIC;ES=.41) contact, and in LG post contact (45vs.35%MVIC;ES=.33). The exception was LQPOST (90vs.109%MVIC;ES=.30) where dancers had a tendency for lower muscle activation levels. Prelanding muscle activation amplitudes and group membership were not able to predict changes in KJS. These results suggest that the lack of findings may in-part be due to low statistical power. Further, although KJS did not differ between groups, between-group effect sizes noted in LGPOST, MHPRE, POST, and LQPOST suggest possible differences in neuromechanical strategies over other lower extremity joints. Additional research is necessary to determine possible ACL-injury protective mechanisms employed by dancers during other high ACL-injury risk activities." – Abstract from author supplied metadata.; ACL, injuries, knee, muscle, lateral gastrocnemius, hamstrings, lateral quadriceps (LG, MH, LH, and LQ), knee joint stiffness(KJS), female dancers, basketball players, landing, double-leg drop jump Advisors/Committee Members: Sandra J Shultz (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Knee – Muscles; Dance – Physiological aspects; Basketball – Physiological aspects

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ambegaonkar, J. P. (2007). A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of North Carolina – Greensboro. Retrieved from http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=1083

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ambegaonkar, Jatin P. “A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, University of North Carolina – Greensboro. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=1083.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ambegaonkar, Jatin P. “A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps.” 2007. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ambegaonkar JP. A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of North Carolina – Greensboro; 2007. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=1083.

Council of Science Editors:

Ambegaonkar JP. A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of North Carolina – Greensboro; 2007. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=1083

University of Arizona

25. Knoeppel, David E., 1948-. Comparative effects of eccentric and concentric muscular contractions on strength increase of the knee extensors .

Degree: 1974, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554717

Subjects/Keywords: Knee – Muscles.; Muscle strength.; Weight lifting.; Muscle contraction.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Knoeppel, David E., 1. (1974). Comparative effects of eccentric and concentric muscular contractions on strength increase of the knee extensors . (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554717

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Knoeppel, David E., 1948-. “Comparative effects of eccentric and concentric muscular contractions on strength increase of the knee extensors .” 1974. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554717.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Knoeppel, David E., 1948-. “Comparative effects of eccentric and concentric muscular contractions on strength increase of the knee extensors .” 1974. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Knoeppel, David E. 1. Comparative effects of eccentric and concentric muscular contractions on strength increase of the knee extensors . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 1974. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554717.

Council of Science Editors:

Knoeppel, David E. 1. Comparative effects of eccentric and concentric muscular contractions on strength increase of the knee extensors . [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 1974. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554717

University of Montana

26. Mangan, Patricia M. Effects of imagery and belief on quadriceps motor performance.

Degree: MS, 1998, University of Montana

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/4942

Subjects/Keywords: Imagery (Psychology); Knee Muscles.; Sports Psychological aspects.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mangan, P. M. (1998). Effects of imagery and belief on quadriceps motor performance. (Masters Thesis). University of Montana. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/4942

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mangan, Patricia M. “Effects of imagery and belief on quadriceps motor performance.” 1998. Masters Thesis, University of Montana. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/4942.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mangan, Patricia M. “Effects of imagery and belief on quadriceps motor performance.” 1998. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Mangan PM. Effects of imagery and belief on quadriceps motor performance. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Montana; 1998. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/4942.

Council of Science Editors:

Mangan PM. Effects of imagery and belief on quadriceps motor performance. [Masters Thesis]. University of Montana; 1998. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/4942

27. Ambegaonkar, Jatin P. A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps.

Degree: 2007, NC Docks

URL: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/umi-uncg-1268.pdf

► "This dissertation compared knee muscle activation of the lateral gastrocnemius, medial and lateral hamstrings, and lateral quadriceps (LG, MH, LH, and LQ) and knee joint… (more)

▼ "This dissertation compared knee muscle activation of the lateral gastrocnemius, medial and lateral hamstrings, and lateral quadriceps (LG, MH, LH, and LQ) and knee joint stiffness(KJS) between female dancers(D) and basketball players(B) during the initial landing of a double-leg drop jump. The purpose was to examine possible neuromechanical strategies dancers employ that might protect them from Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries during a potentially high ACL-injury risk activity. Fifty-five females (D=35, 20.7+2.3yrs, 164.3+6.7cm,62.2+1.9kg, B=20,20.1+2.0yrs, 170.5+6.1cm,72.6+11.4kg) performed 5 double-leg drop jumps from a 45cm box. Muscle activity was recorded via surface electromyography (sEMG). A force plate and three-dimensional electromagnetic tracking system were used to record kinetic and kinematic data and calculate KJS (ratio of change in sagittal knee moment to sagittal knee flexion angle from ground contact to maximum knee flexion). sEMG data were normalized to maximum volitional isometric contractions(%MVIC), and joint moments to body weight (Nm/kg). Separate 2x4 ANOVAs compared D and B on muscle onsets (ms) and mean RMS amplitudes (%MVIC) before (PRE=150 ms) and after (POST=50 ms) ground contact. A one-way ANOVA examined group differences in KJS (Nm/kg°), with a stepwise regression model examining prediction of KJS. No significant group differences were observed in muscle onsets (D=133.4+53.2ms, B=121.6+50.2ms;P=.22), activation amplitudes (PRE: D=28.1+8.7%MVIC, B=27.7+10.5%MVIC;P=.60; POST: D=51+17.3%MVIC, B=49.6+21.4%MVIC;P=.78), or KJS (D=.0163+.009Nm/kg°, B=.0185+.011Nm/kg°;P=.44). Due to recruitment challenges the proposed full complement of participants (N=70;D=35,B=35) was not achieved. Moderate effect sizes (ES) between-groups indicated a trend towards higher muscle activation levels in dancers in MH both pre (34vs.26%MVIC;ES=.55) and post (38vs.25%MVIC;ES=.41) contact, and in LG post contact (45vs.35%MVIC;ES=.33). The exception was LQPOST (90vs.109%MVIC;ES=.30) where dancers had a tendency for lower muscle activation levels. Prelanding muscle activation amplitudes and group membership were not able to predict changes in KJS. These results suggest that the lack of findings may in-part be due to low statistical power. Further, although KJS did not differ between groups, between-group effect sizes noted in LGPOST, MHPRE, POST, and LQPOST suggest possible differences in neuromechanical strategies over other lower extremity joints. Additional research is necessary to determine possible ACL-injury protective mechanisms employed by dancers during other high ACL-injury risk activities." – Abstract from author supplied metadata.

Subjects/Keywords: Knee – Muscles; Dance – Physiological aspects; Basketball – Physiological aspects

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ambegaonkar, J. P. (2007). A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps. (Thesis). NC Docks. Retrieved from http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/umi-uncg-1268.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ambegaonkar, Jatin P. “A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps.” 2007. Thesis, NC Docks. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/umi-uncg-1268.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ambegaonkar, Jatin P. “A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps.” 2007. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ambegaonkar JP. A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps. [Internet] [Thesis]. NC Docks; 2007. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/umi-uncg-1268.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ambegaonkar JP. A comparison of knee muscle activation and knee joint stiffness between female dancers and basketball players during drop jumps. [Thesis]. NC Docks; 2007. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/umi-uncg-1268.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Alberta

28. Russell, Keith Wayne. A physical profile of male gymnasts: knee muscle strength, osteo-articular status of the wrists and skeletal maturity.

Degree: PhD, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, 1996, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/h702q844m

Subjects/Keywords: Knee – Muscles.; Muscle strength.; Wrist – Wounds and injuries.; Skeletal maturity.; Gymnasts – Anthropometry.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Russell, K. W. (1996). A physical profile of male gymnasts: knee muscle strength, osteo-articular status of the wrists and skeletal maturity. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/h702q844m

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Russell, Keith Wayne. “A physical profile of male gymnasts: knee muscle strength, osteo-articular status of the wrists and skeletal maturity.” 1996. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/h702q844m.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Russell, Keith Wayne. “A physical profile of male gymnasts: knee muscle strength, osteo-articular status of the wrists and skeletal maturity.” 1996. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Russell KW. A physical profile of male gymnasts: knee muscle strength, osteo-articular status of the wrists and skeletal maturity. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 1996. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/h702q844m.

Council of Science Editors:

Russell KW. A physical profile of male gymnasts: knee muscle strength, osteo-articular status of the wrists and skeletal maturity. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 1996. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/h702q844m

29. Lucia Helena Batista. Alongamento ativo excêntrico dos músculos flexores do joelho na postura em pé: efeito sobre a amplitude de movimento e torque muscular.

Degree: 2005, Universidade Federal de São Carlos

URL: http://www.bdtd.ufscar.br/htdocs/tedeSimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1109

►

A relação entre alterações na flexibilidade e torque muscular pósalongamentos tem sido pouco explorada pela literatura. São inúmeras as técnicas e posturas de alongamento sendo… (more)

▼

A relação entre alterações na flexibilidade e torque muscular pósalongamentos tem sido pouco explorada pela literatura. São inúmeras as técnicas e posturas de alongamento sendo utilizadas tanto nas clínicas quanto em atividades esportivas. A técnica de alongamento ativo excêntrico realizada na postura em pé, com descarga de peso no membro alongado, estão entre elas. Sendo assim, o maior conhecimento das alterações geradas após sua aplicação, dará suporte para que sejam executadas mediante evidências científicas que comprovem sua eficácia. Objetivo: foi avaliar o efeito de um programa de alongamento ativo excêntrico dos músculos flexores do joelho na postura em pé com descarga de peso no membro avaliado, sobre as variáveis: Amplitude de movimento (AM) de extensão do joelho, torque passivo dos músculos flexores do joelho e torque isométrico e isocinético dos músculos extensores e flexores do joelho. Metodologia: foram selecionados 34 voluntários, de ambos os sexos, com idade de 34,42 9,3 anos, sedentários, saudáveis e com, no mínimo, 20 de encurtamento dos músculos flexores do joelho. Todas as variáveis estudadas foram avaliadas pré e pós-programa de alongamento, em um Dinamômetro Isocinético (Biodex Multi-joint System 3). O programa de alongamento dos músculos flexores do joelho foi realizado duas vezes por semana durante quatro semanas. Cada sessão de alongamento consistiu de sete repetições de 1min de alongamento intercaladas com 30 s de repouso. A avaliação da Amplitude de movimento e do torque passivo foram realizados passivamente. O toque isométrico e isocinético concêntrico e excêntrico dos músculos extensores e flexores do joelho, foram testados por meio de contrações voluntárias máximas Contração Voluntária Máxima (CVM) nas velocidades a 30/s e 60/s. Resultados: demonstraram aumento na amplitude de movimento de extensão do joelho de 53,7 13 para 30,1 16 (p = 0,0001). O valor do torque passivo não alterou significativamente (11,2 3N para 10,6 3N; p = 0,09). O torque isométrico extensor aumentou de 178,68 67,8N para 187,58 73,5N (p = 0,006) e o flexor de 89,68 32,62N para 93,87 33,12N (p = 0,01). O torque isocinético concêntrico dos músculos extensores aumentou a 60/s de 144,44 51,6 N para 151,57 58,2N; (p = 0,02) e o excêntrico a 30/s de 175,4 71,6 N para 189,9 73,8 N; (p = 0,01). O torque isocinético tanto excêntrico quanto concêntrico dos músculos flexores do joelho aumentou a 30/s (de 100,3 34,2 N para 105,63 35 N; p = 0,01 e de 90,7 31,7 N para 96,7 31,8 N; p = 0,001, respectivamente). Conclusão: o programa de alongamento ativo excêntrico dos músculos flexores do joelho, realizado na postura em pé, foi efetivo em aumentar a amplitude de movimento de extensão do joelho, sendo assim aumentou a flexibilidade dos flexores do joelho, embora não tenha constatado alteração no torque passivo. Também se mostrou eficaz em aumentar o pico de torque isométrico e isocinético tanto do grupo muscular submetido ao alongamento quanto do seu antagonista.

The relation between flexibility alterations and muscular torque…

Advisors/Committee Members: Tânia de Fátima Salvini.

Subjects/Keywords: Exercícios terapêuticos; Alongamento (Fisiologia); Torque muscular; Alongamento excêntrico; FISIOTERAPIA E TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL; Eccentric stretching; Flexibility; Flexor muscles; Knee; ROM; Muscle torque; Passive torque

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Batista, L. H. (2005). Alongamento ativo excêntrico dos músculos flexores do joelho na postura em pé: efeito sobre a amplitude de movimento e torque muscular. (Thesis). Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Retrieved from http://www.bdtd.ufscar.br/htdocs/tedeSimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1109

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Batista, Lucia Helena. “Alongamento ativo excêntrico dos músculos flexores do joelho na postura em pé: efeito sobre a amplitude de movimento e torque muscular.” 2005. Thesis, Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://www.bdtd.ufscar.br/htdocs/tedeSimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1109.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Batista, Lucia Helena. “Alongamento ativo excêntrico dos músculos flexores do joelho na postura em pé: efeito sobre a amplitude de movimento e torque muscular.” 2005. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Batista LH. Alongamento ativo excêntrico dos músculos flexores do joelho na postura em pé: efeito sobre a amplitude de movimento e torque muscular. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Federal de São Carlos; 2005. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://www.bdtd.ufscar.br/htdocs/tedeSimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1109.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Batista LH. Alongamento ativo excêntrico dos músculos flexores do joelho na postura em pé: efeito sobre a amplitude de movimento e torque muscular. [Thesis]. Universidade Federal de São Carlos; 2005. Available from: http://www.bdtd.ufscar.br/htdocs/tedeSimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1109

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

30. Hedlund, Maja. What if we could tailor the knee-prevention for female soccer players on an individual level and guide them to a physique that can support them?.

Degree: Umeå Institute of Design, 2016, Umeå University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125682

► It´s important to consider all the risks that the players are exposed to and have a holistic view on the matter. The conclusions from… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: knee; muscles; ACL injury; high risk sporting postures; sidestepping

…the player have enough of muscles to support the knee without the ACL. Often the conclusions… …for the surrounding muscles to stabilize the knee. 04. After 7-8 month the player gets to… …01. RESEARCH 01. RESEARCH 01. KNEE-WORKOUT 01 02. Per Lindholm 03. Attending ACL… …SURGERY 04. TEchnical training 05. New ACL constructed from a tendon from the thigh 06. Knee… …difference makes females more prone to get knee injuries. Angle - Female and male bodies have a…

11 more images…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hedlund, M. (2016). What if we could tailor the knee-prevention for female soccer players on an individual level and guide them to a physique that can support them?. (Thesis). Umeå University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125682

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hedlund, Maja. “What if we could tailor the knee-prevention for female soccer players on an individual level and guide them to a physique that can support them?.” 2016. Thesis, Umeå University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125682.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hedlund, Maja. “What if we could tailor the knee-prevention for female soccer players on an individual level and guide them to a physique that can support them?.” 2016. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Hedlund M. What if we could tailor the knee-prevention for female soccer players on an individual level and guide them to a physique that can support them?. [Internet] [Thesis]. Umeå University; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125682.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hedlund M. What if we could tailor the knee-prevention for female soccer players on an individual level and guide them to a physique that can support them?. [Thesis]. Umeå University; 2016. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125682

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations