You searched for subject:(Iodine status).
Showing records 1 – 14 of
14 total matches.
No search limiters apply to these results.
University of Otago
1.
Edmonds, Julia Clare.
Iodine status of New Zealand adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
.
Degree: 2013, University of Otago
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4463 
► Iodine is an essential nutrient and key component of the thyroid hormones, which play a role in the normal growth and development of the human…
(more)
▼ Iodine is an essential nutrient and key component of the thyroid hormones, which play a role in the normal growth and development of the human body. Poor dietary
iodine intakes can lead to a spectrum of
iodine deficiency disorders including goitre, cretinism, hypothyroidism, congenital abnormalities and impaired mental function; all of which may affect growth and development at different life stages.
In both developing and developed countries world-wide, a range of
iodine fortification strategies have been introduced to combat the prevalence of
iodine deficiency. In September 2009, mandatory fortification of bread with
iodine was introduced in New Zealand to address the re-emergence of mild
iodine deficiency in children and adults that has occurred over the past two decades. The aim of this study was to measure the
iodine status and
iodine intake of New Zealand adults 18-64 years of age following mandatory fortification of bread with
iodine.
The study was a cross-sectional survey of 301 adult men and women aged 18-64 years living in Dunedin and Wellington during February and November 2012. Participants were asked to complete a 24-hour urine collection, a combined demographic questionnaire and
iodine-specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and attend a clinic where height and weight was measured. The 24-hour urine collection was analysed for
iodine and reported as median urinary
iodine concentration (UIC) µg/L and median urinary
iodine excretion (UIE) µg/day. The
iodine-specific FFQ was used to derive an estimate of
iodine intake with and without discretionary iodised salt use.
The median UIC for all adults was 73µg/L (females: 67µg/L and males: 80µg/L), indicative of mild
iodine deficiency (50 - 99µg/L) according to the World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)/International Council for the Control of
Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) population
iodine status criteria. The mean urinary volume was 2.0L. As an estimate of
iodine intake, the median UIE was 127µg/day. Estimated
iodine intake using the FFQ, that included discretionary salt use, was 132µg/day.
Iodine intake was found to be associated with UIC (p=0.040) and UIE (p=0.003); however bread
iodine intake and iodised salt use were not associated with either UIC or UIE. Bread provides around 35µg
iodine per day, and up to 50% of the total
iodine intake for New Zealand adults.
The
iodine status of New Zealand adults has improved (from 53 to 73µg/L) since the introduction of mandatory
iodine fortification, however not enough to meet the target of >100µg/L as recommended by WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD. Since the WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD criteria were based on healthy school-aged children over six years with a mean urinary volume half of that found in this study, caution should be taken in applying these criteria to the New Zealand adult population. The UIE is a better estimate of
iodine in this population and suggests that that the
iodine status of New Zealand adults is now adequate. Continued monitoring by New Zealand government agencies is…
Advisors/Committee Members: Skeaff, Sheila (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: iodine;
iodine status;
iodine intake;
fortification;
bread;
New Zealand;
adults
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Edmonds, J. C. (2013). Iodine status of New Zealand adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
. (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4463
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Edmonds, Julia Clare. “Iodine status of New Zealand adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4463.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Edmonds, Julia Clare. “Iodine status of New Zealand adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
.” 2013. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Edmonds JC. Iodine status of New Zealand adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4463.
Council of Science Editors:
Edmonds JC. Iodine status of New Zealand adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4463
University of Otago
2.
Hawkins, Rochelle Kate.
The iodine status of New Zealand school children post-fortification of bread with iodine
.
Degree: University of Otago
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6292
► Abstract Background: Iodine deficiency is a common nutrient deficiency in many parts of the world and is of concern due to the importance of the…
(more)
▼ Abstract
Background:
Iodine deficiency is a common nutrient deficiency in many parts of the world and is of concern due to the importance of the thyroid hormones for growth and development of children. Iodised salt was introduced as a straightforward solution to correcting
iodine deficiency, and has been successful in many countries for the lastcentury. However
iodine deficiency has re-emerged in many parts of the world including developed countries such as New Zealand (NZ) and Australia. This is thought to be due to the lack of use of iodised salt in production, and public health messages to reduce salt intakes. In response to the re-emergence of
iodine deficiency in NZ and Australia, their governments worked together to introduce mandatory fortification of bread with
iodine in 2009 to improve
iodine intakes in both countries. The aim of this study was to assess the
iodine status of NZ school children following mandatory fortification of bread with
iodine.
Methods and Procedures:
A school-based cluster survey was used to randomly select schools from two NZ cities (Auckland or Christchurch) during February and March 2015. Children aged 8-10 were invited to participate and were given information packs to take home, containing consent forms for the parents and child. Consenting children completed a general questionnaire about their demographic information and health and a short
iodine-specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Height and weight was also taken and children were asked to provide a urine sample for determination of urinary
iodine concentration (UIC) and a finger prick blood sample for determination of Thyroglobulin (Tg).
Results:
The median Urinary
Iodine Concentration (UIC) of the children (n 415) was 116μg/L, with only 5% of children having a UIC below 50μg/L and 39% had below 100μg/L indicating sufficient
iodine status (median UIC of 100-199μg/L). Males had significantly higher UIC than females with a mean UIC value of 126μg/L compared to 107μg/L (p=<0.001). Children of Asian ethnicity had significantly higher UIC than Māori or NZEO children with a mean UIC value of 151μg/L compared to 109μg/L and 110μg/L respectively (p=0.006). There was no association found between UIC and age, the type of salt used or school decile. The FFQ was used to estimate
iodine intakes with and without discretionary iodised salt use. The estimated average
iodine intakes of children including iodised salt were 101μg/day, which is an improvement of approximately 35% since pre fortification. However, nearly a quarter of children had an
iodine intake less than the estimated average requirement (EAR) of 65μg/day for 8 year olds and 75μg/day for 9-10 year olds. Bread and bread products was the major source of
iodine in the diet of children contributing 50% of
iodine intakes. The results of Tg will not be presented in this thesis.
Summary/conclusion:
The improved UIC and
iodine intakes seen in children are likely to be the result of the addition of iodised salt to bread. Given that the median UIC remains on the low end of…
Advisors/Committee Members: Skeaff, Sheila (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: iodine status;
iodine New Zealand;
iodine fortification;
iodine status children;
iodine fortification bread
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Hawkins, R. K. (n.d.). The iodine status of New Zealand school children post-fortification of bread with iodine
. (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6292
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hawkins, Rochelle Kate. “The iodine status of New Zealand school children post-fortification of bread with iodine
.” Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6292.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hawkins, Rochelle Kate. “The iodine status of New Zealand school children post-fortification of bread with iodine
.” Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Vancouver:
Hawkins RK. The iodine status of New Zealand school children post-fortification of bread with iodine
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6292.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Council of Science Editors:
Hawkins RK. The iodine status of New Zealand school children post-fortification of bread with iodine
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6292
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
3.
-2351-9089.
The effect of iodine supplementation on biomarkers of iodine status, thyroid function, resting metabolic rate, and body composition in women, 18-45 years of age.
Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2017, Texas Woman's University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11274/10236
► The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the efficacy of iodine supplementation vs. placebo, in reproductive-age women, 18-45 years, in improving iodine status, thyroid…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the efficacy of
iodine supplementation vs. placebo, in reproductive-age women, 18-45 years, in improving
iodine status, thyroid function, resting metabolic rate, and body composition in a six-month, randomized-double-blinded-placebo-controlled trial. Non-pregnant (euthyroid, normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), mean=1.57mIU/mL) women were randomized into two groups: 12.5mg Iodoral® (IG, n=65) or placebo (PG, n=38). Assessments included
iodine status determination (24-hr urine
iodine (UI), %-
iodine saturation (% IS), sodium-iodide-symporter-ratio (NIS), saliva and serum iodide concentrations), thyroid function (serum TSH, free-thyroxine (T4), and free-tri-iodothyronine (T3) concentrations), body composition analysis using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), resting metabolic rate (RMR) testing, and analysis of 3-day dietary records, health, demographic, and physical activity questionnaires. Analysis of the data revealed dietary
iodine intake to be significantly below standard recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 150 µg
iodine/d for IG and PG at baseline and six months. For the first time, associations were observed between dietary
iodine intake and body composition, with decreased dietary
iodine intake being associated with higher body fat content (p<0.01).
Iodine status indicators, 24-hr UI and % IS were also significantly below normal, indicating
iodine deficiency in the study population. Although 24-hr UI and % IS for IG and PG showed an increased trend from baseline to six months, statistical significance was not observed for between and within group effects, indicating that a longer duration of supplementation may be needed to improve
iodine status in deficient populations. Saliva iodide increased significantly in IG (p=0.041), and PG (p=0.013) at the end of six months; however, NIS ratio remained unchanged, indicating normal functioning of the NIS. Free-T4 increased significantly at six months in IG and PG (p<0.001), however other thyroid function parameters remained unchanged, indicating that the high dose
iodine supplement may be better tolerated than expected. RMR significantly increased in IG and PG (p<0.001) at six months, and was positively correlated (p<0.01) with all body composition variables. Overall, participants demonstrated a generalized lack of awareness of
iodine nutrition and the implications of
iodine deficiency in reproductive-age women, indicating a significant public health concern that needs to be addressed.
Advisors/Committee Members: DiMarco, Nancy M (advisor), Petterborg, Larry (committee member), Warren, Cynthia (committee member), Maziarz, Mindy (committee member), Basiliadis, Margaret (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Iodine; Iodine status; Iodine supplementation study; Thyroid function; Public health; Clinical trials; Reproductive-age women in U.S.
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
-2351-9089. (2017). The effect of iodine supplementation on biomarkers of iodine status, thyroid function, resting metabolic rate, and body composition in women, 18-45 years of age. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas Woman's University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11274/10236
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
-2351-9089. “The effect of iodine supplementation on biomarkers of iodine status, thyroid function, resting metabolic rate, and body composition in women, 18-45 years of age.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas Woman's University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11274/10236.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
-2351-9089. “The effect of iodine supplementation on biomarkers of iodine status, thyroid function, resting metabolic rate, and body composition in women, 18-45 years of age.” 2017. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Vancouver:
-2351-9089. The effect of iodine supplementation on biomarkers of iodine status, thyroid function, resting metabolic rate, and body composition in women, 18-45 years of age. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas Woman's University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11274/10236.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Council of Science Editors:
-2351-9089. The effect of iodine supplementation on biomarkers of iodine status, thyroid function, resting metabolic rate, and body composition in women, 18-45 years of age. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas Woman's University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11274/10236
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
University of Adelaide
4.
Huynh, Dao Hoa Anh.
Iodine status of pregnant and lactating women and their infants in South Australia and the impacts of current and perinatal iodine nutrition status on body composition and insulin sensitivity at 5 years of age.
Degree: 2015, University of Adelaide
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/93494
► Iodine deficiency was not considered a major public health problem in Australia in the 1990s. However, the Australian National Iodine Nutrition Study in the early…
(more)
▼ Iodine deficiency was not considered a major public health problem in Australia in the 1990s. However, the Australian National
Iodine Nutrition Study in the early 2000s provided evidence of the resurgence of
iodine deficiency in the Australian population. As a result, mandatory
iodine of bread flour was introduced in Australia in late 2009. However, while several studies had assessed the
iodine status of Australian children post fortification there were limited data regarding the impact of fortification on the
iodine status of pregnant and lactating women and their infants. The results of this thesis demonstrate that the urinary
iodine concentrations (UIC) of lactating, pregnant women and their infants in South Australia post
iodine fortification are consistent with an
iodine sufficient
status, independent of the intake of
iodine supplements. However,
iodine status of women who did not consume
iodine supplements during pregnancy may be suboptimal as indicated by a borderline UIC level. Breast milk is a sole source of
iodine for exclusively breastfed infants, making the measurement of
iodine concentration in breast milk clinically relevant. However, there had been limited previous attempts to assess breast milk
iodine concentrations (BMICs), largely due to the lack of robust methods for routine analysis. This thesis describes the development and validation of a new method for assessing
iodine concentrations in human breast milk. This method was subsequently applied to measure BMIC in samples collected from women from the same region of South Australia before and after the introduction of mandatory
iodine fortification. Median BMICs post fortification was well above the suggested cut-off for providing a sufficient
iodine supply for full-term infants. Importantly, the median BMICs in the post fortification samples were significantly higher than those of the women before mandatory
iodine fortification, independent of
iodine supplements, while the proportion of women in the sample with BMICs below 100μg/l was reduced by 28%. These data suggest that mandatory
iodine fortification and recommendations regarding
iodine supplements in pregnancy and lactation have been effective in increasing the
iodine supplied to the average South Australian infants. Obesity and insulin resistance are currently major public health issues worldwide, and there is increasing evidence that the nutritional environment experienced in early life is an important determinant of long-term metabolic health. Chapter 6 of this thesis assessed relationships between markers of neonatal and current thyroid function and metabolic health of young children. Fasting glucose concentrations, HOMA-IR and height z-score in male children at 5 years of age were inversely related to neonatal TSH level at birth, however there was no evidence to suggest that current TSH or Tg concentrations were associated with measures of growth or insulin resistance at 5 years of age, in either males or females. In conclusion, this thesis presents the first data regarding the…
Advisors/Committee Members: Muhlhausler, Beverly Sara (advisor), Zhou, Shao Jia (advisor), School of Agriculture, Food and Wine (school).
Subjects/Keywords: iodine status; pregnancy; lactation; infancy; body composition; insulin sensitivity
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Huynh, D. H. A. (2015). Iodine status of pregnant and lactating women and their infants in South Australia and the impacts of current and perinatal iodine nutrition status on body composition and insulin sensitivity at 5 years of age. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/93494
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Huynh, Dao Hoa Anh. “Iodine status of pregnant and lactating women and their infants in South Australia and the impacts of current and perinatal iodine nutrition status on body composition and insulin sensitivity at 5 years of age.” 2015. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2440/93494.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Huynh, Dao Hoa Anh. “Iodine status of pregnant and lactating women and their infants in South Australia and the impacts of current and perinatal iodine nutrition status on body composition and insulin sensitivity at 5 years of age.” 2015. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Huynh DHA. Iodine status of pregnant and lactating women and their infants in South Australia and the impacts of current and perinatal iodine nutrition status on body composition and insulin sensitivity at 5 years of age. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/93494.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Huynh DHA. Iodine status of pregnant and lactating women and their infants in South Australia and the impacts of current and perinatal iodine nutrition status on body composition and insulin sensitivity at 5 years of age. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/93494
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Otago
5.
Meiklejohn, Eva Louise.
Iodine status of New Zealand children post-fortification of bread with iodised salt
.
Degree: University of Otago
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6250
► Abstract Background: Iodine is an essential dietary nutrient needed for thyroid hormone synthesis. Thyroid hormones function to support the reproduction, growth and development of tissues,…
(more)
▼ Abstract
Background:
Iodine is an essential dietary nutrient needed for thyroid hormone synthesis. Thyroid hormones function to support the reproduction, growth and development of tissues, and control Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). Low dietary intakes of
iodine can result in
iodine deficiency.
Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) is the collective term used to define the adverse health effects
iodine deficiency inflicts on the body.
Iodine deficiency is of particular concern in children and adolescents, as it can impair cognitive development and function. One method used to improve
iodine intakes is
iodine fortification (i.e. the addition of
iodine to food and/or water). Until recently,
iodine fortification in the form of iodised salt has been the only strategy implemented in New Zealand (NZ) to combat
iodine deficiency. In 2009, mandatory fortification of bread with iodised salt was introduced in NZ to address the re-emergence of mild
iodine deficiency.
Objective: The objective of the present study was to assess the impact of mandatory fortification on the
iodine status of NZ schoolchildren.
Design: This was a cross-sectional survey of 445 schoolchildren aged 8-10 years living in Christchurch and Auckland, New Zealand, conducted from March-April 2015. Children completed an
iodine-specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which also included demographic questions. The FFQ was used to derive estimated
iodine intakes from food groups, as well as an estimate of total daily
iodine intake, with and without the inclusion of discretionary iodised salt. Participants provided a casual spot urine and finger-prick blood sample for the measurement of Urinary
Iodine Concentration (UIC) μg /L and Thyroglobulin (Tg) μ/L, respectively, to determine
iodine status.
Results: The median UIC (25th, 75th percentile) of the children (n=415) was 116 (82, 158) μg /L, falling between the 100-199μg/L indicating adequate
iodine status according to the WHO/ UNICEF/ ICCIDD population criteria. Furthermore, 5% of children had UIC <50μg/L and 39% had a UIC <100μg/L. Geometric mean UIC significantly differed for sex and ethnicity, but not age or salt type. Males had a higher UIC than females (126 vs. 107μg/L; P<0.001). Asian children had a higher UIC than Māori and NZEO (both 151 vs. 110μg/L; P<0.006 and P<0.002, repectivly). Estimated mean
iodine intakes for two scenarios: ‘Food only’ and ‘Food plus iodised salt’ were 65μg/day and 101μg/day, respectively. The percentage of participants with intakes below the EAR for
iodine (65μg/day and 75μg/day for 8 and 9-10 year olds, respectively) from ‘Food only’ was 72% and from ‘Food plus iodised salt’ was 23%. Fortified bread, bread products and bread based dishes were the primary contributors to
iodine intakes in schoolchildren providing 52% of total
iodine intake, or 27μg
iodine/day.
Conclusion: This study showed that compared to the median UIC of NZ schoolchildren reported pre-mandatory
iodine fortification (68μg/L in 2002), the median UIC in this representative sample has increased to…
Advisors/Committee Members: Skeaff, Sheila (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: iodine;
iodine sources;
recommendations;
iodine deficiency;
iodine deficiency disorders;
pyhsiological effects;
dietary iodine assessment;
iodine status assessment;
iodine fortification;
New Zealand;
Australia
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Meiklejohn, E. L. (n.d.). Iodine status of New Zealand children post-fortification of bread with iodised salt
. (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6250
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Meiklejohn, Eva Louise. “Iodine status of New Zealand children post-fortification of bread with iodised salt
.” Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6250.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Meiklejohn, Eva Louise. “Iodine status of New Zealand children post-fortification of bread with iodised salt
.” Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Vancouver:
Meiklejohn EL. Iodine status of New Zealand children post-fortification of bread with iodised salt
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6250.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Council of Science Editors:
Meiklejohn EL. Iodine status of New Zealand children post-fortification of bread with iodised salt
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6250
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
University of Otago
6.
Ma, Zheng Feei.
Thyroglobulin as a biomarker of iodine status
.
Degree: University of Otago
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6541
► New Zealand (NZ) soils are low in iodine and consequently NZ has a history of iodine deficiency. Mild iodine deficiency has a number of adverse…
(more)
▼ New Zealand (NZ) soils are low in
iodine and consequently NZ has a history of
iodine deficiency. Mild
iodine deficiency has a number of adverse consequences including impaired cognition in children and an increased risk of thyroid cancer in adults. Mild
iodine deficiency is difficult to detect using biochemical tests such as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) because the concentrations of TSH, T3 and T4 fall within the normal reference ranges. Thyroglobulin (Tg), a glycoprotein exclusively produced by the thyroid gland, has been proposed as a more sensitive biomarker of
iodine status. A median Tg cut-off ˂13 μg/L has been shown to indicate
iodine sufficiency in children. It is not clear, however, whether Tg can be used to assess
iodine status in adults. The aim of this thesis was to determine if Tg can be used to assess
iodine status in adults, both in groups and in individuals.
The objective of the randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention trial was to determine the efficacy of Tg to assess
iodine status in a group of adults. Mildly
iodine deficient adults were randomly assigned to consume either 150 μg potassium iodate (KIO3) or placebo daily for 24 weeks (wk). At baseline and 24 wk, participants were asked to provide five spot urine samples for the determination of urinary
iodine concentration (UIC), give a blood sample for the measurement of TSH and free thyroxine (FT4), and complete an
iodine-specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were measured at baseline. Tg was determined at baseline (0 wk), 8, 16, and 24 wk. The main outcome of the study was a difference in Tg concentration between the
iodine-supplemented and placebo groups at 24 wk. At baseline, the overall median UIC of all participants (n=112) was 65 μg/L, confirming mild
iodine deficiency in this group (i.e. median UIC <100 μg/L). The overall median Tg at baseline was 16.6 μg/L and the concentrations of TSH and FT4 were within the normal reference range. At 24 wk, the UIC of the placebo and
iodine-supplemented groups were significantly different (median UIC: 79 and 168 μg/L, respectively; P<0.001), with the
iodine-supplemented group categorised as
iodine sufficient. Tg concentration in the
iodine-supplemented group decreased by 12, 20 and 27% compared to the placebo group at 8 (P=0.045), 16 (P<0.001) and 24 wk (P<0.001), respectively. However, there was no significant change in the concentration of TSH and FT4 at 24 wk for either group. This study demonstrated that
iodine supplementation of 150 μg
iodine/day in mildly
iodine deficient adults for 24 wk improved
iodine status and was associated with a concomitant decrease in Tg concentration. Adequate
iodine status in this group of adults was associated with a median Tg concentration of 13 µg/L, in agreement with findings in children.
The screening phase of the intervention trial provided an opportunity to evaluate the efficacy of Tg to assess
iodine status in…
Advisors/Committee Members: Skeaff, Sheila (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Iodine;
Thyroglobulin;
New Zealand;
Iodine status;
Iodine deficiency;
Mild iodine deficiency;
Iodine supplementation;
Randomised controlled trial;
Adults
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Ma, Z. F. (n.d.). Thyroglobulin as a biomarker of iodine status
. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6541
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ma, Zheng Feei. “Thyroglobulin as a biomarker of iodine status
.” Doctoral Dissertation, University of Otago. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6541.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ma, Zheng Feei. “Thyroglobulin as a biomarker of iodine status
.” Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Vancouver:
Ma ZF. Thyroglobulin as a biomarker of iodine status
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Otago; [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6541.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Council of Science Editors:
Ma ZF. Thyroglobulin as a biomarker of iodine status
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Otago; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6541
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
University of Otago
7.
Heald, Peter.
Iodine status of Dunedin adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
.
Degree: University of Otago
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5506
► Iodine is an essential trace element and an integral part of the thyroid hormones, which play a role in the normal growth and development of…
(more)
▼ Iodine is an essential trace element and an integral part of the thyroid hormones, which play a role in the normal growth and development of the human body. A low intake of
iodine can cause a spectrum of
iodine deficiency disorders that may influence growth and development at different life stages, including goitre, cretinism, hypothyroidism, congenital abnormalities and impaired mental function.
Various strategies have been implemented to combat
iodine deficiency including iodised oil, iodinated water,
iodine supplementation and iodised salt. In September 2009, mandatory fortification of bread with iodised salt was introduced in New Zealand to address the re-emergence of mild
iodine deficiency in children and adults that has been reported over the previous two decades. The aim of this study was to determine whether mandatory
iodine fortification has improved
iodine status in Dunedin adults.
This was a cross-sectional survey of 101 adult men and women aged 18-64 years living in Dunedin. Between July and November 2014, participants were asked to provide a spot urine sample and complete a questionnaire that included socio-demographic questions and an
iodine-specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Urine was analysed for
iodine and creatinine and reported as median urinary
iodine concentration (UIC) μg/L and urinary
iodine:creatinine ratio (UI:Cr) μg/g. The
iodine-specific FFQ was used to derive an estimate of
iodine intake from bread and bread products, as well as an estimate of total daily
iodine intake with and without the inclusion of discretionary iodised salt.
The median UIC for all adults was 75μg/L (females: 75μg/L and males: 81μg/L), indicative of mild
iodine deficiency (i.e. 50-99μg/L) according to the World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)/International Council for the Control of
Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) population criteria. Estimated median
iodine intake from the FFQ was 106μg/day from food without iodised salt and 129μg/day from food and iodised salt. Ethnicity was found to be associated with UIC (p=0.010); however, there was no association with either UIC or UI:Cr and bread
iodine intake (p=0.457, 0.544), total
iodine from food (p=0.215, 0.799) and iodised salt use (p=0.438, 0.596). Bread was the main contributor to
iodine intakes, providing 54% and 70% of the estimated
iodine intake for females and males, respectively. The median
iodine intake from sliced bread, bread products and bread-based dishes was 55μg/day, with males having significantly higher
iodine intake from bread compared to females (86 versus 41μg/day) (p<0.001).
In conclusion, this study has shown that compared to a median UIC of 53 μg/L in New Zealand adults before mandatory fortification, the median UIC in this convenience sample of Dunedin adults has increased to 75 μg/L, a classification of mild
iodine deficiency. However, should the criteria suggested by a recent review be adopted, this sample would be classified as
iodine sufficient.
Advisors/Committee Members: Skeaff, Sheila (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: iodine status;
New Zealand;
bread;
fortification
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Heald, P. (n.d.). Iodine status of Dunedin adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
. (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5506
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Heald, Peter. “Iodine status of Dunedin adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
.” Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5506.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Heald, Peter. “Iodine status of Dunedin adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
.” Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Vancouver:
Heald P. Iodine status of Dunedin adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5506.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Council of Science Editors:
Heald P. Iodine status of Dunedin adults post mandatory fortification of bread with iodine
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/5506
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
University of Otago
8.
Jones, Emma J.
The iodine status of 8 to 10 year olds in New Zealand following the mandatory fortification of bread with iodised salt
.
Degree: University of Otago
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6285
► Background: Iodine is an essential trace element needed for the synthesis of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. Inadequate intakes of iodine can lead to…
(more)
▼ Background:
Iodine is an essential trace element needed for the synthesis of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. Inadequate intakes of
iodine can lead to a spectrum of detrimental outcomes at all stages of the life cycle, including cretinism, hypothyroidism, goitre, and impaired mental and physical growth. New Zealand has naturally low levels of
iodine in its soils and studies have shown that
iodine deficiency, seen in the early 1900s, re-emerged in the 1990s. Mandatory fortification of bread with iodised salt was introduced in 2009 to improve
iodine status.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether mandatory fortification of bread with
iodine has improved the
iodine status of 8 – 10 year old children in New Zealand.
Design: The study conducted between February and June 2015, was a cross-sectional survey of 415 children aged eight to ten living in Auckland and Christchurch. Participants were asked to provide a spot urine and fingerpick blood sample, and to answer a questionnaire that included questions on socio-demographics and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Height and weight were also measured. Urine was analysed for
iodine content and is reported as the median urinary
iodine concentration (UIC). The
iodine-specific FFQ was used to estimate the
iodine intake from main food sources including bread and reported with and without the inclusion of discretionary iodised salt use. Blood samples have not been analysed and are not presented in this thesis.
Results: The median UIC for all children was 116μg/L (females: 107μg/L ; males: 131μg/L ), indicative of adequate
iodine status (i.e., 100 to 199μg/L ) according to the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and International Council for the Control of
Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) population criteria. It is a significant increase from the 66μg/L observed in children prior to mandatory fortification in 2002. Ethnicity and gender were significantly associated with UIC (P=<0.001 and 0.006, respectively). Age, school decile and use of iodised salt were not significantly associated with UIC (P=0.457, 0.705 and 0.890, respectively).
The mean estimated
iodine intake (with the inclusion of salt use) was 101 μg/d (females: 101 μg/d; males: 102 μg/d), with 23% of the children having an
iodine intake below the Estimated average requirement of 75 μg/d. Bread contributed to 51% of
iodine intake in the food-only model, providing a mean intake of 35 μg/d.
Conclusion: These results are comparable to a similar study conducted in 2011 of Dunedin and Wellington children that reported a median UIC of113 μg /L and taken together with the current study, provide convincing evidence that the mandatory fortification of bread with
iodine has successfully improved
iodine status in New Zealand children.
Advisors/Committee Members: Skeaff, Sheila (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: iodine;
fortification;
new zealand;
school children;
iodine status;
auckland;
christchurch;
iodised salt
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Jones, E. J. (n.d.). The iodine status of 8 to 10 year olds in New Zealand following the mandatory fortification of bread with iodised salt
. (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6285
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jones, Emma J. “The iodine status of 8 to 10 year olds in New Zealand following the mandatory fortification of bread with iodised salt
.” Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6285.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jones, Emma J. “The iodine status of 8 to 10 year olds in New Zealand following the mandatory fortification of bread with iodised salt
.” Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Vancouver:
Jones EJ. The iodine status of 8 to 10 year olds in New Zealand following the mandatory fortification of bread with iodised salt
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6285.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Council of Science Editors:
Jones EJ. The iodine status of 8 to 10 year olds in New Zealand following the mandatory fortification of bread with iodised salt
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/6285
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
University of Queensland
9.
Samidurai, Anna Joy.
Iodine status of Queensland children and the associations with diet and thyroid function.
Degree: School of Medicine, 2017, University of Queensland
URL: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:418120
Subjects/Keywords: Iodine; Children; Urinary iodine concentration; Iodine fortification; Thyroid; Dietary iodine; Iodine status; 1111 Nutrition and Dietetics; 1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine; 1117 Public Health and Health Services
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Samidurai, A. J. (2017). Iodine status of Queensland children and the associations with diet and thyroid function. (Thesis). University of Queensland. Retrieved from http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:418120
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Samidurai, Anna Joy. “Iodine status of Queensland children and the associations with diet and thyroid function.” 2017. Thesis, University of Queensland. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:418120.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Samidurai, Anna Joy. “Iodine status of Queensland children and the associations with diet and thyroid function.” 2017. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Samidurai AJ. Iodine status of Queensland children and the associations with diet and thyroid function. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:418120.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Samidurai AJ. Iodine status of Queensland children and the associations with diet and thyroid function. [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2017. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:418120
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
10.
Mizehoun Adissoda, Gbedecon Carmelle.
Apport alimentaire de sodium, potassium et iode, relation avec l'état nutritionnel au Bénin : Sodium, potassium, iodine intakes and association with nutritional status in Benin.
Degree: Docteur es, Santé publique, 2015, Limoges; Université d'Abomey-Calavi (Bénin)
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0134
► Une consommation élevée de sodium et une faible consommation de potassium sont associées à la survenue de l'HTA et des MCV. Limiter la consommation de…
(more)
▼ Une consommation élevée de sodium et une faible consommation de potassium sont associées à la survenue de l'HTA et des MCV. Limiter la consommation de sel et encourager celle de « plus de fruits et légumes » sont des mesures efficaces pour réduire l’incidence de ces maladies. Ces interventions nécessitent des données épidémiologiques fiables. Elles doivent aussi tenir compte de la disponibilité adéquate de l’iode dans le sel pour assurer un statut optimal en iode aux populations. Il n’existe pas de données représentatives sur le niveau de consommation en sodium, potassium et iode en population adulte au Bénin. Nos travaux ont estimé à partir de prélèvements urinaires les niveaux d’apports de ces éléments et la teneur en iode des sels alimentaires en utilisant les méthodes de références. Les résultats ont montré un apport excessif en sodium, faible en potassium, une légère déficience en iode et une iodation inadéquate de la production locale de sel. Les déterminants de ces différents apports ont été identifiés. Nous avons par ailleurs validé l’usage du spot urinaire pour le dosage du sodium et du potassium dans les études épidémiologiques et du spectrophotomètre (WYD Iodine Checker) pour le dosage de la teneur en iode du sel. L’ensemble des résultats plaident en faveur de la mise en œuvre urgente de politiques de réduction du sel et de promotion de fruits et légumes, et d’un renforcement du programme de lutte contre les TDCI au Bénin.
High sodium and low potassium consumptions are associated with increased blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases. Limiting salt and encouraging more fruits and vegetables are important interventions to reduce these diseases. These interventions need reliable epidemiological data. Interventions should also take into account the availability of adequate iodine in salt to ensure an optimal iodine status for populations. There is no representative data on sodium and potassium intakes and iodine status in Beninese adults. Our studies estimated, using urine samples, the levels of sodium, potassium and iodine intakes, and iodine content in food salts whith reference methods. Results showed an excessive intake of sodium, low potassium, a mild iodine deficiency and inadequate iodination of local salt production. Factors associated with these intakes have been identified. Results also validated the use of spot urine to assay sodium and potassium in epidemiological studies and spectrophotometer (WYD iodine checker) for iodine content in salt. All the results argue for implementation of salt reduction policies and promotion of fruits and vegetables, and a strengthening of the Beninese program against IDD.
Advisors/Committee Members: Desport, Jean-Claude (thesis director), Houinato, Dismand (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Sodium; Potassium; Iode; Statut nutritionnel; Pression artérielle; Bénin; Sodium; Potassium; Iodine; Nutritional status; Blood pressure; Benin; 616.39
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Mizehoun Adissoda, G. C. (2015). Apport alimentaire de sodium, potassium et iode, relation avec l'état nutritionnel au Bénin : Sodium, potassium, iodine intakes and association with nutritional status in Benin. (Doctoral Dissertation). Limoges; Université d'Abomey-Calavi (Bénin). Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0134
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mizehoun Adissoda, Gbedecon Carmelle. “Apport alimentaire de sodium, potassium et iode, relation avec l'état nutritionnel au Bénin : Sodium, potassium, iodine intakes and association with nutritional status in Benin.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Limoges; Université d'Abomey-Calavi (Bénin). Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0134.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mizehoun Adissoda, Gbedecon Carmelle. “Apport alimentaire de sodium, potassium et iode, relation avec l'état nutritionnel au Bénin : Sodium, potassium, iodine intakes and association with nutritional status in Benin.” 2015. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Mizehoun Adissoda GC. Apport alimentaire de sodium, potassium et iode, relation avec l'état nutritionnel au Bénin : Sodium, potassium, iodine intakes and association with nutritional status in Benin. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Limoges; Université d'Abomey-Calavi (Bénin); 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0134.
Council of Science Editors:
Mizehoun Adissoda GC. Apport alimentaire de sodium, potassium et iode, relation avec l'état nutritionnel au Bénin : Sodium, potassium, iodine intakes and association with nutritional status in Benin. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Limoges; Université d'Abomey-Calavi (Bénin); 2015. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0134
11.
CUI MIN.
Iodine status in parturient mothers and cord TSH levels in the newborn in Singapore.
Degree: 2005, National University of Singapore
URL: https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/14640
Subjects/Keywords: iodine status; iodine deficiency; urinary iodine concentration; maternal TSH; neonatal cord TSH; parturient mothers
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
MIN, C. (2005). Iodine status in parturient mothers and cord TSH levels in the newborn in Singapore. (Thesis). National University of Singapore. Retrieved from https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/14640
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
MIN, CUI. “Iodine status in parturient mothers and cord TSH levels in the newborn in Singapore.” 2005. Thesis, National University of Singapore. Accessed March 06, 2021.
https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/14640.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
MIN, CUI. “Iodine status in parturient mothers and cord TSH levels in the newborn in Singapore.” 2005. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
MIN C. Iodine status in parturient mothers and cord TSH levels in the newborn in Singapore. [Internet] [Thesis]. National University of Singapore; 2005. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/14640.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
MIN C. Iodine status in parturient mothers and cord TSH levels in the newborn in Singapore. [Thesis]. National University of Singapore; 2005. Available from: https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/14640
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Vienna
12.
Wüst, Nadja.
Assessment of iodine status in 6- and 12-month-old infants and their mothers in Switzerland.
Degree: 2010, University of Vienna
URL: http://othes.univie.ac.at/11040/
► Jod ist essentiell für eine optimale geistige und körperliche Entwicklung von Säuglingen/Kleinkindern. Eine ungenügende Jodaufnahme verursacht so genannte Jodmangel-Störungen und kann bei Säuglingen/Kleinkindern zu irreversiblen…
(more)
▼ Jod ist essentiell für eine optimale geistige und körperliche Entwicklung von Säuglingen/Kleinkindern. Eine ungenügende Jodaufnahme verursacht so genannte Jodmangel-Störungen und kann bei Säuglingen/Kleinkindern zu irreversiblen Schädigungen führen. Da > 90% des mit der Nahrung aufgenommenen Jods über die Niere ausgeschieden werden, ist der Median der Jodkonzentration im Urin (JKU) der empfohlene Indikator zur Bestimmung des Jodstatus einer Bevölkerung. Allerdings wurde derjenige Median der JKU, welcher auf eine ausreichende Jodzufuhr bei unter 2-Jährigen hinweist, 2007 von der WHO in Frage gestellt. Zur Etablierung eines verlässlichen Referenzbereichs für das Monitoring der JKU bei Säuglingen/Kleinkindern, sind mehr Studien von Ländern mit optimaler Jodversorgung erforderlich. In der Schweiz wurde die Jodversorgung von der WHO als optimal eingestuft.
Daher war das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie die JKU bei gesunden 6- und 12-monatigen Kindern sowie deren Müttern in einer national repräsentativen Querschnittstudie in der Schweiz zu untersuchen (Rekrutierung in Kinderarztpraxen). Ein weiteres Ziel war die Ermittlung der Jodzufuhr der Kinder sowie die Untersuchung des Einflusses unterschiedlicher Ernährungsweisen auf die JKU der Kinder. Um diese Ziele zu erreichen wurde die Jodkonzentration in Spoturinproben von Kindern und deren Müttern (modifizierte Sandell-Kolthoff Methode) sowie in Muttermilch und Säuglingsnahrung (beide ICP-MS) gemessen. Die Jodaufnahme der Kinder wurde mit einem, von den Müttern selbständig auszufüllenden, 24h-Ernährungsfragebogen retrospektiv erfasst. Die vorliegende Diplomarbeit beinhaltet den Aufbau und die Durchführung der Studie, die Zwischenauswertung von Urinproben von 339 Kindern und 343 Müttern, von 119 Muttermilchproben und 22 Säuglingsnahrungsproben sowie deren Betrachtung unter verschiedenen Aspekten (wie Geschlecht, Anthropometrie, Nationalität, Region, Jahreszeit, Ernährungsweise und Soziodemographie) und die Entwicklung des Ernährungsfragebogens und einer Säuglingsnahrungs-Datenbank.
Der Median der JKU der Kinder war 93 μg/l (6-monatige: 88 μg/l, 12-monatige: 104 μg/l) und derjenige der Mütter war 81 μg/l (Stillende: 71 μg/l, Nicht-Stillende: 96 μg/l). Der Median der Jodkonzentration in Muttermilch betrug 51 μg/kg. Der Jodgehalt der Säuglingsnahrungsprodukte war korrekt deklariert. Gestillte Kinder/stillende Mütter hatten signifikant niedrigere JKU im Vergleich zu den anderen Kindern/Müttern. Signifikant höhere JKU wurden bei Kindern festgestellt, welche Säuglingsmilchnahrung oder Salz (in selbstgemachter Beikost) erhielten und bei Kindern mit ausländischer Nationalität oder aus der Region Tessin. Die JKU von gestillten Kindern korrelierte positiv mit der Jodkonzentration in Muttermilch (sig.).
Die Zwischenresultate der Studie waren niedriger als in der Literatur vorgeschlagene Werte für ein Land mit optimaler Jodversorgung. Gemäss dem derzeitigen WHO Cut-off von ≥ 100 μg/l würden die gemessenen medianen JKU auf einen leichten Jodmangel hinweisen. Dies war die erste nationale…
Subjects/Keywords: 30.03 Methoden und Techniken in den Naturwissenschaften; 30.99 Naturwissenschaften allgemein: Sonstiges; 44.21 Ernährung; 44.76 Ernährungsstörungen, Mangelkrankheiten; Jod / Säuglinge und Mütter / Jodstatus / Jodkonzentration im Urin / Jodkonzentration in Muttermilch / Ernährungserhebung bei Säuglingen / Ernährungspraktiken / Jod in Säuglingsmilchnahrung und Säuglingsnahrung / Sandell-Kolthoff Methode / ICP-MS / Querschnittstudie; iodine / infants and mothers / iodine status / urinary iodine concentration / breast milk iodine concentration / dietary assessment of infants / feeding practices / iodine in formula and infant food / Sandell-Kolthoff method / ICP-MS / cross-sectional study
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Wüst, N. (2010). Assessment of iodine status in 6- and 12-month-old infants and their mothers in Switzerland. (Thesis). University of Vienna. Retrieved from http://othes.univie.ac.at/11040/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wüst, Nadja. “Assessment of iodine status in 6- and 12-month-old infants and their mothers in Switzerland.” 2010. Thesis, University of Vienna. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://othes.univie.ac.at/11040/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wüst, Nadja. “Assessment of iodine status in 6- and 12-month-old infants and their mothers in Switzerland.” 2010. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Wüst N. Assessment of iodine status in 6- and 12-month-old infants and their mothers in Switzerland. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Vienna; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://othes.univie.ac.at/11040/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Wüst N. Assessment of iodine status in 6- and 12-month-old infants and their mothers in Switzerland. [Thesis]. University of Vienna; 2010. Available from: http://othes.univie.ac.at/11040/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
13.
Maia, Carla Soraya Costa.
O selênio e a glândula tireóide: um estudo em pacientes portadores de disfunções tireoidianas nos estados de Ceará e São Paulo.
Degree: PhD, Nutrição Humana Aplicada, 2008, University of São Paulo
URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/89/89131/tde-18092012-102950/
;
► Introdução: O Selênio é um mineral fundamental para o homem, participa dos mecanismos antioxidantes, influencia o sistema imune e participa ativamente da homeostase da glândula…
(more)
▼ Introdução: O Selênio é um mineral fundamental para o homem, participa dos mecanismos antioxidantes, influencia o sistema imune e participa ativamente da homeostase da glândula tireóide. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional relativo ao selênio de pacientes adultos portadores de hipotireoidismo e hipertireoidismo em atendimento ambulatorial no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo e no Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Metodologia: Foram avaliados quatro grupos de pacientes com doença de Graves (Graves), Bócio Multinodular Tóxico (BMNT), Hipotireoidismo pós-tireoidectomia (Hipotireoidismo) e tireoidite de Hashimoto (Hashimoto) em dois estados, São Paulo e Ceará e paralelamente dois grupos controle (São Paulo e Ceará). Foram realizadas caracterização antropométrica e clínica. O Se foi analisado no plasma e eritrócitos, foi medida a atividade da GSH-Px, iodúria, MDA plasmático e dosagens de hormônios tireoidianos e Anti-TPO. O consumo alimentar foi estimado utilizando-se a técnica de recordatório 24 horas. Resultados: Houve predomínio do sexo feminino em todos os grupos (70-90%); os pacientes e controles apresentaram sobrepeso. O TSH estava aumentado no grupoHashimoto do Ceará (116 ± 63,68 µU/mL) e o Anti-TPO no grupo Graves de São Paulo (1277,71 ± 1077,99U/mL). A maior concentração de Se no plasma foi encontrada no grupo BMNT de São Paulo (154,09µ/L) e nos eritrócitos no grupo BMNTdo Ceará (147,68µ/L). Os individuos do Ceará apresentaram maior consumo alimentar de iodo.Conclusões: Nosso estudo demonstrou que os pacientes do Ceará apresentaram melhor estado nutricional relativo ao selênio que os pacientes de São Paulo. Os grupos de São Paulo apresentaram deficiência leve em relação ao selênio. O consumo aumentado de selênio (Ceará) parece reduzir as concentrações de Anti-TPO e desta forma poderia ser um fator positivo para a redução da gravidade das doenças autoimunes da glândula tireóide.
Introduction: The Selenium is a mineral essential to human, part of antioxidant mechanisms, influences the immune system and participates actively in homeostasis of the thyroid gland. Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of selenium on adult patients bearers of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in ambulatory care at the Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Sao Paulo and the University Hospital Walter Cantídio Federal University of Ceara. Methodology: We evaluated four groups of patients with Gravesd́isease (Graves), multinodular toxic goiter (BMNT), hypothyroidism after thyroidectomy (hypothyroidism) and Hashimoto\'s thyroiditis (Hashimoto) in two states, Sao Paulo and Ceara and in two groups control (Sao Paulo and Ceara). We performed anthropometric and clinicai characterization. Selenium were analyzed in plasma and red blood cells, was measured the activity of GSH-Px, urinary iodine, MDA and plasma levels of thyroid hormones and anti-TPO. The food consumption was estimated using the technique to recall…
Advisors/Committee Members: Cozzolino, Silvia Maria Franciscato.
Subjects/Keywords: Avaliação nutricional; Bioquímica de alimentos; Estado nutricional; Food biochemistry; Glândula tireóide; Iodine (Evaluation); Iodo (Avaliação); Nutritional evaluation; Nutritional status; Selênio (Avaliação); Selenium (Evaluation); Thyroid gland; Tireóide
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Maia, C. S. C. (2008). O selênio e a glândula tireóide: um estudo em pacientes portadores de disfunções tireoidianas nos estados de Ceará e São Paulo. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/89/89131/tde-18092012-102950/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Maia, Carla Soraya Costa. “O selênio e a glândula tireóide: um estudo em pacientes portadores de disfunções tireoidianas nos estados de Ceará e São Paulo.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, University of São Paulo. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/89/89131/tde-18092012-102950/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Maia, Carla Soraya Costa. “O selênio e a glândula tireóide: um estudo em pacientes portadores de disfunções tireoidianas nos estados de Ceará e São Paulo.” 2008. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Maia CSC. O selênio e a glândula tireóide: um estudo em pacientes portadores de disfunções tireoidianas nos estados de Ceará e São Paulo. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/89/89131/tde-18092012-102950/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Maia CSC. O selênio e a glândula tireóide: um estudo em pacientes portadores de disfunções tireoidianas nos estados de Ceará e São Paulo. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2008. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/89/89131/tde-18092012-102950/ ;
University of Otago
14.
Goodwin, Emily.
Iodine intakes and the main food sources of iodine in adolescent females aged 15-18 years in New Zealand
.
Degree: University of Otago
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/9983
► Background: Iodine plays an essential role in normal growth and development. Formerly iodine deficiency has been common in New Zealand because of the low levels…
(more)
▼ Background:
Iodine plays an essential role in normal growth and development. Formerly
iodine deficiency has been common in New Zealand because of the low levels of
iodine in the soil. However, in recent times, the Children’s and Adult National Nutrition surveys reported mild
iodine deficiency, leading to implementation of mandatory use of iodised salt in bread in 2009. Since then,
iodine intake and food sources contributing to dietary
iodine intake have not been assessed in New Zealand adolescents.
Iodine is particularly important for young women who could become pregnant, because sufficient
iodine is needed for normal growth and development of the fetus. This is the first study in New Zealand to assess dietary
iodine intakes in adolescent females aged 15-18 years.
Objective: The objectives were to assess 1) the dietary intake of
iodine in adolescent females; 2) the main food sources and food groups that contribute to
iodine intake in adolescent females; and 3) the proportion of adolescent females using iodised salt.
Design: This was a cross-sectional survey carried out in high schools in seven different towns across New Zealand involving 145 female adolescents aged 15-18 years. Between March and April 2019, 113 participants completed two 24-hour diet recalls, FFQs and anthropometric measurements, provided spot urine and blood samples, and wore accelerometers to measure physical activity. Diet recalls were entered into FoodWorks to determine macro- and micronutrient intakes.
Iodine intakes were determined: 1) from diet alone, 2) with the addition of 48 μg of
iodine if iodised salt was used, and 3) with the addition of 48 μg of
iodine if iodised salt was used and the
iodine content from dietary supplements used on a daily basis.
Results: Of the eight schools that consented to participate in the study, the majority (59%) were from deciles 5 to 7. Of 145 participants who undertook enrolment, 113 completed two 24-hour diet recalls. The mean age of participants was 17 years, 72% were of New Zealand European and Other ethnicity, and 56% were weight BMI z-score ≥ -2 to +1 SD. The mean energy intake was 7833 kJ. The mean
iodine intake was 81 μg/day (the Estimated Average Requirement for
iodine in this age group is 95 μg/day), of which ~10% came from each of the following four food groups: grains and pasta; milk; eggs and egg dishes; and non-alcoholic beverages. Around 7% of total
iodine came from bread (including rolls and speciality breads), and ~4% came from each of the following: savoury sauces, condiments, bread based dishes, dairy products, cakes and muffins, and vegetables. Around 41% of participants reported using iodised salt, and only 2 participants reported taking a daily supplement containing
iodine.
Conclusion: Dietary
iodine intake was low suggesting that this group may be at risk of mild
iodine deficiency. This group of adolescent females do not seem to be consuming enough of the typical food source of
iodine in the New Zealand diet, namely, fortified bread. More than half of the participants were…
Advisors/Committee Members: Skeaff, Sheila (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: New Zealand;
Function;
Metabolism;
Deficiency;
Status;
History;
Iodine;
Assessment;
Diet;
Sources;
Adolescents;
Teenagers;
Females;
Girls
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Goodwin, E. (n.d.). Iodine intakes and the main food sources of iodine in adolescent females aged 15-18 years in New Zealand
. (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/9983
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Goodwin, Emily. “Iodine intakes and the main food sources of iodine in adolescent females aged 15-18 years in New Zealand
.” Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10523/9983.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Goodwin, Emily. “Iodine intakes and the main food sources of iodine in adolescent females aged 15-18 years in New Zealand
.” Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Vancouver:
Goodwin E. Iodine intakes and the main food sources of iodine in adolescent females aged 15-18 years in New Zealand
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/9983.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Council of Science Editors:
Goodwin E. Iodine intakes and the main food sources of iodine in adolescent females aged 15-18 years in New Zealand
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/9983
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
. 
Open Access Theses and Dissertations