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Western Michigan University
1.
Attoh, Johanna Retana.
Three Essays Assessing Global Value Chain Fragmentation on International Trade Using the World Input-Output Database.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2016, Western Michigan University
URL: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/2495 
► The growing fragmentation of supply chains across countries have changed the way nations engage in international trade. Conventionally, studies have used data on exports…
(more)
▼ The growing fragmentation of supply chains across countries have changed the way nations engage in
international trade. Conventionally, studies have used data on exports to measure trade flows; however, the use of this type of data imposes many assumptions that might misrepresent the real world. For instance, the assumption that the supply chain of a product is confined in only the domestic country does not take into consideration the increasing number of foreign inputs needed to produce a final good. In this dissertation, I use the World Input-Output Database (WIOD), since this dataset allows one to track and decompose the so-called global value chain (GVC) of a product.
The first essay uses the WIOD to analyze the degree of competitiveness and integration of the manufacturing sector of Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. (North American countries –NAC) from 1995 to 2007. Competitiveness is the capacity of a country to increase its share of GVC income and GVC jobs. Greater integration with a region is defined as experiencing a growing rate of GVC income and GVC jobs from that specific region to meet domestic final demand of manufactured goods. I answer three main questions: (1) did the NAC lose global competitiveness in the manufacturing sector? This is ambiguous, since the manufacturing sector of NAC experienced a decrease in the share of GVC jobs, from 7.11% in 1995 to 5.79% in 2007. However, the share of labor income associated with those jobs increased. (2) Were the NAC successful at integrating with the ROW? Yes, the share of GVC jobs that the ROW contributed to the NAC manufacturing sector increased from 18.14% in 1995 to 29.66% in 2007; while the share of GVC labor income increased from 7.84% in 1995 to 9.60% in 2007. (3) Were the NAC successful at integrating with the region itself? No, the NAC have become less integrated with the NAC region itself.
The second essay uses the WIOD to derive the exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) of the manufacturing sector of NAC for the years 1995 to 2009. ERPT is defined as the percentage change in export prices that is associated with a percentage change in the exchange rate. I am able to derive a measure that improves the estimates of the ERPT. In addition, I derive improved measures of marginal cost, product differentiation, and import share. Using a variance-weighted least-squares regression, I find that product differentiation and marginal cost have a positive and significant impact on ERPT, while the import share has a negative effect on the degree of ERPT.
The third essay uses the WIOD to derive a measure of vertical specialization (VS). VS measures the foreign value-added share in the output value of final manufacturing goods in a country. I use a dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) model to examine the effect of vertical specialization, exchange rate, and exchange rate volatility on bilateral trade flows between the United States and Canada and Mexico for the years 1995 to 2007. DOLS controls for the endogeneity between the dependent variable and…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dr. Susan Pozo, Dr. Susan Houseman, Dr. Jean Kimmel.
Subjects/Keywords: International Economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Attoh, J. R. (2016). Three Essays Assessing Global Value Chain Fragmentation on International Trade Using the World Input-Output Database. (Doctoral Dissertation). Western Michigan University. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/2495
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Attoh, Johanna Retana. “Three Essays Assessing Global Value Chain Fragmentation on International Trade Using the World Input-Output Database.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Western Michigan University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/2495.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Attoh, Johanna Retana. “Three Essays Assessing Global Value Chain Fragmentation on International Trade Using the World Input-Output Database.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Attoh JR. Three Essays Assessing Global Value Chain Fragmentation on International Trade Using the World Input-Output Database. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Western Michigan University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/2495.
Council of Science Editors:
Attoh JR. Three Essays Assessing Global Value Chain Fragmentation on International Trade Using the World Input-Output Database. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Western Michigan University; 2016. Available from: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/2495
California State Polytechnic University – Pomona
2.
Castelazo, Demetrius.
Winners and losers of NAFTA: trapped factors and less competitive markets.
Degree: MS, Economics, 2015, California State Polytechnic University – Pomona
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/145802
► This paper examines whether free trade creates permanent losses for a less industrious nation by observing trade between the United States and Mexico under the…
(more)
▼ This paper examines whether free trade creates permanent losses for a less industrious nation by observing trade between the United States and Mexico under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The initial idea behind free trade was to eliminate dead weight losses caused by trade barriers and to improve
international relations; however, literature from the latter part of the 20th century dictates that free trade is sub-optimal at best. Contemporary theory suggests that the negative effects of inefficient market structures are enlarged when trade policies are liberalized.
Empirically, this paper uses several models based on Cobb-Douglas production functions and Specific Factors models to explain how returns to scale and trapped factors contribute to permanent losses in potential growth for Mexico in certain manufacturing industries. Overall, this paper confirms that trapped factors contribute to permanent competitive losses for Mexico as it trades with the U.S.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brown, Bruce (advisor), Hunter, Gregory (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: International Economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Castelazo, D. (2015). Winners and losers of NAFTA: trapped factors and less competitive markets. (Masters Thesis). California State Polytechnic University – Pomona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/145802
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Castelazo, Demetrius. “Winners and losers of NAFTA: trapped factors and less competitive markets.” 2015. Masters Thesis, California State Polytechnic University – Pomona. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/145802.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Castelazo, Demetrius. “Winners and losers of NAFTA: trapped factors and less competitive markets.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Castelazo D. Winners and losers of NAFTA: trapped factors and less competitive markets. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. California State Polytechnic University – Pomona; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/145802.
Council of Science Editors:
Castelazo D. Winners and losers of NAFTA: trapped factors and less competitive markets. [Masters Thesis]. California State Polytechnic University – Pomona; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/145802
Eastern Illinois University
3.
Demelew, Tewodros Zerihun.
Foreign Direct Investment Led Growth and Its Determinants in Sub-Saharan African Countries.
Degree: MA, 2014, Eastern Illinois University
URL: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1284
► Despite FDI's growth in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, the evidence from earlier studies on FDI led economic growth and key determinants of FDI in…
(more)
▼ Despite FDI's growth in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, the evidence from earlier studies on FDI led economic growth and key determinants of FDI in SSA countries have been inconclusive. This paper provides up-to-date evidence on the question: does FDI lead to economic growth? And if so, what are the key determinants of FDI growth in SSA countries? In this study we use three estimation approaches, OLS with robust standard errors (robust regression), multi-level random-effects regression, and fixed-effects regression. The multi-level and fixed-effects regression are aimed to help us control for within-country and between-country effects. Based on a panel dataset for up to 47 SSA countries over the period 1980 to 2011, this thesis identifies the following key results: (1) FDI has a positive, though modest, effect on the growth of the SSA countries, 2) there is a bidirectional relationship between FDI and economic 3) GDP growth, availability of natural resources and openness are important determinates of FDI inflows into the region, 4) except corruption, institutional variables have insignificant effect on the flow of FDI into the region, 5) debt servicing has positive and significant effect on FDI inflows into the region.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mukti P. Upadhyay.
Subjects/Keywords: International Economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Demelew, T. Z. (2014). Foreign Direct Investment Led Growth and Its Determinants in Sub-Saharan African Countries. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Illinois University. Retrieved from https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1284
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Demelew, Tewodros Zerihun. “Foreign Direct Investment Led Growth and Its Determinants in Sub-Saharan African Countries.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1284.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Demelew, Tewodros Zerihun. “Foreign Direct Investment Led Growth and Its Determinants in Sub-Saharan African Countries.” 2014. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Demelew TZ. Foreign Direct Investment Led Growth and Its Determinants in Sub-Saharan African Countries. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1284.
Council of Science Editors:
Demelew TZ. Foreign Direct Investment Led Growth and Its Determinants in Sub-Saharan African Countries. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2014. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1284
4.
Lee, Jean.
Climate Variability Influences Women’s Attitudes Towards Intimate Partner Violence (IPV).
Degree: MSIDEC, Economics, 2016, University of San Francisco
URL: https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/184
► The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates 1 in 3 women worldwide has experienced violence against women. Our study examines the effects of climate conditions…
(more)
▼ The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates 1 in 3 women worldwide has experienced violence against women. Our study examines the effects of climate conditions on women’s attitudes towards wife beating. The demographic health surveys (DHS) dataset includes over 550,000 women in 38 countries, asked a series of wife beating justification questions in the domestic violence module. Using a linear probability model, we find prior year growing degree days (GDD), prior and current year rainfall variability have statistically significant effects. Most interestingly, we find that a one standard deviation (SD) rise in prior year annual rainfall decreases the likelihood of justifying wife beating this year by 2.81 percentage points. We posit changes in aggregate economic activity on the country level from climate variability influences women’s attitudes towards IPV.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jesse Anttila-Hughes.
Subjects/Keywords: International Economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Lee, J. (2016). Climate Variability Influences Women’s Attitudes Towards Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). (Thesis). University of San Francisco. Retrieved from https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/184
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lee, Jean. “Climate Variability Influences Women’s Attitudes Towards Intimate Partner Violence (IPV).” 2016. Thesis, University of San Francisco. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/184.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lee, Jean. “Climate Variability Influences Women’s Attitudes Towards Intimate Partner Violence (IPV).” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lee J. Climate Variability Influences Women’s Attitudes Towards Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). [Internet] [Thesis]. University of San Francisco; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/184.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Lee J. Climate Variability Influences Women’s Attitudes Towards Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). [Thesis]. University of San Francisco; 2016. Available from: https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/184
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
5.
Grewal, Anek.
Financial Development and Growth in India.
Degree: MSIDEC, Economics, 2016, University of San Francisco
URL: https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/189
► In this paper I look to analyze whether bank loans have the ability to promote productivity for firms and also whether banks are more…
(more)
▼ In this paper I look to analyze whether bank loans have the ability to promote productivity for firms and also whether banks are more effective relative to other sources of lending such as the government. Using a panel dataset of 26,000 firms over the time period 1997-2014 I carry out multiple two-time period lagged OLS regressions with proxy variables for firm productivity as well as some control variables to observe the differences for bank against non-bank loans. The results yielded illustrate that non-bank loans did not have a positive relationship and that perhaps there is some form of zombie lending occurring. On the other hand bank loans were shown to have positive impacts in the second lag. This could mean a delayed positive impact from investing as it may take time for the benefits to be received.
Advisors/Committee Members: Professor Chakraborty.
Subjects/Keywords: International Economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Grewal, A. (2016). Financial Development and Growth in India. (Thesis). University of San Francisco. Retrieved from https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/189
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Grewal, Anek. “Financial Development and Growth in India.” 2016. Thesis, University of San Francisco. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/189.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Grewal, Anek. “Financial Development and Growth in India.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Grewal A. Financial Development and Growth in India. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of San Francisco; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/189.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Grewal A. Financial Development and Growth in India. [Thesis]. University of San Francisco; 2016. Available from: https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/189
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
UCLA
6.
Cravino, Javier Pablo.
Essays on International Economics.
Degree: Economics, 2013, UCLA
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/91q501dd
► In these essays, I examine quantitatively some of the classic questions in the field of International Economics: What is the impact of international trade on…
(more)
▼ In these essays, I examine quantitatively some of the classic questions in the field of International Economics: What is the impact of international trade on consumption and productivity? How does international trade affect income inequality? How do exchange rates movements affect real output and productivity? This dissertation is composed of three chapters, each covering one of these topics.The first chapter, based on my paper "Measured Gains from International Trade" with Ariel Burstein, revisits the measurement of welfare gains from trade liberalizations. Economists so far have measured these gains using one of two alternative approaches. A first approach uses structural models to infer unobservable welfare gains from changes in trade costs or in trade patterns. A second approach documents the empirical link between the level or the change in international trade and aggregate indicators of economic activity. This chapter connects these two approaches by studying the relationship between the theoretical welfare gains from trade and observable aggregate measures of economic activity, such as real GDP and real consumption, as constructed by national statistical agencies. Across a wide range of models, we find that measured real GDP and productivity rise in response to reductions in variable trade costs if GDP deflators capture the decline in trade costs. On the other hand, welfare gains from tariffs reductions are only reflected on real GDP if tariff revenues at constant prices rise. The second chapter analyzes the impact of capital equipment imports on income inequality across 53 countries. The chapter is based on my paper "Importing Skill Biased Technology" with Ariel Burstein and Jonathan Vogel. Capital equipment, such as computers and industrial machinery, is mostly operated by skilled workers and generally takes on routine tasks that are otherwise performed by unskilled workers. When a country imports capital equipment, it raises the relative demand of skilled versus unskilled workers, increasing income inequality. The chapter develops a tractable model of international trade in capital goods to quantify these effects. In doing so, it provides sufficient statistics and transparent formulas that will enable development practitioners to independently assess how trade in capital goods affects income inequality. We estimate that imports of equipment account for 16 percent of the income gap between skilled and unskilled workers in the median country in our sample, and for a much larger magnitude in economies that heavily rely on imported capital equipment. We also show that imports of capital equipment are essential to increase productivity and income in developing countries, both for skilled and unskilled workers, although my findings suggest these imports will disproportionately benefit the skilled segment of the population. In the third chapter, "Exchange Rates, Aggregate Productivity and the Currency of Invoicing of International Trade", I use a novel dataset on prices and quantities from Chilean customs and a…
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; International Economics; International Finance; International Trade
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Cravino, J. P. (2013). Essays on International Economics. (Thesis). UCLA. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/91q501dd
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cravino, Javier Pablo. “Essays on International Economics.” 2013. Thesis, UCLA. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/91q501dd.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cravino, Javier Pablo. “Essays on International Economics.” 2013. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Cravino JP. Essays on International Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. UCLA; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/91q501dd.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Cravino JP. Essays on International Economics. [Thesis]. UCLA; 2013. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/91q501dd
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Boston University
7.
Shinozaki, Toshiaki.
Three essays on international economics.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2012, Boston University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/32063
► My dissertation consists of three papers on international finance, international economics, and labor economics. The first paper develops a stochastic general equilibrium model to understand…
(more)
▼ My dissertation consists of three papers on international finance, international economics, and labor economics. The first paper develops a stochastic general equilibrium model to understand the effects of default risk on output, consumption, investment, and current account deficits in emerging markets. The second paper studies how market structure affects exchange-rate pass-through. This analysis is empirical as well as theoretical, using a partial equilibrium model. The third paper develops a model to study relative wages across different educational levels in developed countries.
The model in my first paper features endogenous default risk. Its calibration results explain a number of important stylized facts about emerging economies, including the negative correlation between investment and net exports, the procyclicality of investment, and the potential for current account reversals.
The second paper compares exchange-rate pass-through under perfect competition and oligopoly, showing that the two different market structures have opposite effects on this currency pricing behavior. The paper's empirical test, whether implemented on the basis of a partial equilibrium framework or on the model's general equilibrium framework, finds support for perfect competition.
The third paper uses differences within and across industries m education wage premiums to study factors affecting those premiums. The paper begins by showing that within-industry as opposed to cross-industry educational wage premiums explain most of developed country differences in wages by education. It then develops a theoretical model and an empirical testing strategy, using U.S. and Japanese data, to examine whether the use of IT capital and the decision to outsource affect the education-wage premium. The answer is mixed depending on the country in question.
Subjects/Keywords: International economics; International finance
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APA (6th Edition):
Shinozaki, T. (2012). Three essays on international economics. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/32063
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shinozaki, Toshiaki. “Three essays on international economics.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2144/32063.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shinozaki, Toshiaki. “Three essays on international economics.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Shinozaki T. Three essays on international economics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/32063.
Council of Science Editors:
Shinozaki T. Three essays on international economics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/32063
University of California – Santa Cruz
8.
Skaperdas, Arsenios.
Essays in Monetary Economics.
Degree: Economics, 2016, University of California – Santa Cruz
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/40b3v919
► This dissertation focuses broadly on central bank intervention: under what conditions, and when, can stabilization policy be effective? As growth lags across the globe, central…
(more)
▼ This dissertation focuses broadly on central bank intervention: under what conditions, and when, can stabilization policy be effective? As growth lags across the globe, central banks have become lead actors in spurring recovery from the Global Financial Crisis. In response, a large academic literature has developed in order to theoretically predict and measure to what extent central bank policies have succeeded in stimulating growth.The first two chapters of this dissertation focus on US monetary policy. I develop two new approaches for investigating the effectiveness of monetary policy at the “zero lower bound”, that is, when interest rates are near zero. A novelty of these approaches is the usage of firm- and industry-level data in order to investigate effects of monetary policy.The zero bound on interest rates is the problem that- given low growth since 2008- the Federal Reserve would likely have lowered the federal funds rate further in to maximize employment and increase inflation. Previous behavior suggests that the Fed would have reduced the federal funds rate to a trough of 5 percentage points below zero. According to accepted empirics, a contractionary 5% monetary shock should lower GDP growth by a peak of 2.5%. This dissertation leverages the fact that the industry effects of detrimental monetary policy would be heterogeneous: a substantial portion of this reduction in growth would occur in industries such as construction, which typically would respond with a 10% reduction in revenues to a 5% contractionary monetary shock. In contrast, health care and other industries do not tend to respond as much to interest rates changes, and would thus likely be unaffectedThe first approach of this dissertation shows that growth rates of industries historically sensitive to interest rate changes, and therefore to monetary policy, do not seem to have fared poorly at the zero lower bound. This suggests that monetary policy was sufficiently accommodative since 2009 in spite of the zero bound constraint.The second approach quantifies the federal funds rate that would be implied by observed industry growth rates and macroeconomic variables following 2008. The results suggest that unconventional policy had an effect on the economy such that growth occurred as if the federal funds rate were in fact negative. Unlike previous literature, this estimate is based on growth rates of real rather than financial market variables. The technique extracts the path of the federal funds rate at the zero lower bound consistent with pre-zero lower bound macroeconomic dynamics. Given the negative interest rate estimate from this second approach, and the relative growth rates of interest rate sensitive industries, the first two chapters suggest that the combination of zero interest rates and unconventional policy succeeded in spurring economic growth in a comparable fashion to previous US recoveries. The third chapter of this dissertation focuses on an international aspect of central banking. Due to a combination of desires for precautionary…
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; International Finance; Monetary Economics
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Skaperdas, A. (2016). Essays in Monetary Economics. (Thesis). University of California – Santa Cruz. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/40b3v919
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Skaperdas, Arsenios. “Essays in Monetary Economics.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Santa Cruz. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/40b3v919.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Skaperdas, Arsenios. “Essays in Monetary Economics.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Skaperdas A. Essays in Monetary Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Santa Cruz; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/40b3v919.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Skaperdas A. Essays in Monetary Economics. [Thesis]. University of California – Santa Cruz; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/40b3v919
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Rochester
9.
Açıkgöz, Ömer Tuğrul (1981 - ); Kaymak, Bariş (1978 - ).
Essays on heterogeneity and macroeconomics.
Degree: PhD, 2011, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/16762
► The first chapter of this dissertation is based on the observation that during the past 50 years, the US economy has been characterized by a…
(more)
▼ The first chapter of this dissertation is based on
the observation that during the past 50 years, the US economy has
been characterized by a rapid decline of labor unions and a
substantial rise in wage inequality. The chapter proposes that the
rise in the skill premium in the non-union sector, for instance,
due to technical change, can potentially explain these trends.
Based on the premise that labor unions compress wages between
skilled and unskilled workers, a larger skill premium encourages
skilled workers to withdraw from the union. If this is accompanied
by a fall in the productivity of unskilled workers, firms become
more reluctant to hire the relatively expensive union workers,
reinforcing the decline in the unionization rate. To evaluate this
hypothesis, we develop a macroeconomic model of endogenous union
membership with heterogenous agents, where union members are
selected from the middle of the skill distribution and have
significant wage gains that are decreasing in skill, consistent
with US evidence. The model predicts that the rise in skill prices
in the non-union sector explains 30-60% of the decline in the
unionization rate. It was argued that the declining union activity
contributed to the rise in wage inequality by changing the labor
force composition. We find this effect to be much smaller due to
selection into union jobs.
In the second
chapter, I investigate the role of heterogeneity and misaggregation
in explaning the empirically missing correlations between the
relative consumption and real exchange rates between countries,
referred to as the Backus-Smith puzzle. I construct a two-country
general-equilibrium model with heterogeneous households that choose
to consume either an imported good, or its domestic variant. I show
that upon aggregation, the corresponding "representative agent''
acts as if he is subject to taste shocks, which works towards
weakening the tight link between relative prices and quantities.
The model therefore constitutes a microfoundation for what shows up
as taste shocks in the data. I argue that the missing correlations
could be an artifact of heterogeneity.
Subjects/Keywords: Macroeconomics; Labor economics; International economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Açıkgöz, Ömer Tuğrul (1981 - ); Kaymak, B. (. -. ). (2011). Essays on heterogeneity and macroeconomics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/16762
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Açıkgöz, Ömer Tuğrul (1981 - ); Kaymak, Bariş (1978 - ). “Essays on heterogeneity and macroeconomics.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/16762.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Açıkgöz, Ömer Tuğrul (1981 - ); Kaymak, Bariş (1978 - ). “Essays on heterogeneity and macroeconomics.” 2011. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Açıkgöz, Ömer Tuğrul (1981 - ); Kaymak B(-). Essays on heterogeneity and macroeconomics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/16762.
Council of Science Editors:
Açıkgöz, Ömer Tuğrul (1981 - ); Kaymak B(-). Essays on heterogeneity and macroeconomics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/16762
Boston University
10.
Joo, Hyungseok.
Essays on sovereign debt and default.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2015, Boston University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14049
► The first chapter studies the effects of government capital accumulation on sovereign debt default risk and debt restructuring renegotiation outcomes when a government has limited…
(more)
▼ The first chapter studies the effects of government capital accumulation on sovereign debt default risk and debt restructuring renegotiation outcomes when a government has limited ability to extract revenues from households. To do so, this chapter develops a quantitative dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of sovereign default, debt renegotiation, and fiscal policies, where the government chooses between the fiscal expenditures of government consumption and government investment. Government capital provides an additional means of adjustment in the face of a bad productivity shock. It also affects the government's incentive to re-access the international credit market when the government chooses to default. The model delivers three key predictions: (1) a higher level of government capital implies less risky sovereign debt and higher recovery rates when the government chooses to default; (2) a high debt to output ratio is sustainable with a sufficient level of government capital; (3) fiscal adjustment that reduces public investment may be self-defeating.
The second chapter investigates the empirical facts that government expenditures and taxes are procyclical in developing countries but countercyclical or acyclical in developed economies. This chapter provides a possible explanation for this stylized fact by introducing news about future total factor productivity and endogenous fiscal policy in an otherwise-standard small open economy model of sovereign default risk, as in Arellano (2008). News tends to be more precise in developed countries, which relaxes credit constraints on foreign borrowing and makes developed countries less reliant on tax revenues. This dampens and potentially reverses the high correlation between output and government expenditures/taxes observed in developed countries.
The third chapter studies the impact of creditors' income process on the outcomes of sovereign debt restructurings. This chapter compiles a new dataset on foreign creditors' income process during negotiation. This chapter shows that when foreign creditors are facing high income, restructurings are protracted and result in smaller haircuts. To explain these stylized facts, this chapter develops a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of defaultable debt that embeds multi-rounds negotiations between a risk-averse sovereign and risk-averse creditors. The quantitative analysis shows that high creditors' income results in a longer duration of restructuring and higher haircuts.
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Macroeconomics; International economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Joo, H. (2015). Essays on sovereign debt and default. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14049
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Joo, Hyungseok. “Essays on sovereign debt and default.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14049.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Joo, Hyungseok. “Essays on sovereign debt and default.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Joo H. Essays on sovereign debt and default. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14049.
Council of Science Editors:
Joo H. Essays on sovereign debt and default. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14049
University of Minnesota
11.
Mrkonich, Robert.
Essays in Heterogeneous Agent Macroeconomics.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2018, University of Minnesota
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/200292
► This dissertation consists of three chapters. The first chapter surveys the literature on the solving of heterogeneous agents models. From the Bewley/Huggett/Aiyagari models of the…
(more)
▼ This dissertation consists of three chapters. The first chapter surveys the literature on the solving of heterogeneous agents models. From the Bewley/Huggett/Aiyagari models of the 1990s that focus on idiosyncratic risk to the addition of aggregate risk in models based on Krusell-Smith’s heterogeneous agent model have become standard workhorses of macroeconomics. This is unlikely to change as the increased availability of household level data and improvements in computational speed have made previously infeasible models not only solvable but also able to be disciplined. The second chapter presents a model of international transmission of financial shocks where the country of origin is fundamental to the transmission of the shock. Highly developed countries tend to accumulate larger positions in riskier, but more productive, capital flows, as seen in the data. When a financial shock occurs, the ability to insure is impaired, which lessens demand for risky foreign capital, which lowers production abroad. We interpret the Financial Crisis of 2008 as a change in the ability of financial market quality and calibrate the model to match the change in capital flows. Importantly, the calibrated model matches not only changes in capital flows, but also relative movements in interest rates as well as changes in debt flows. The third chapter examines the concern about the observed decline in entrepreneurship over the past 30 years. This chapter argues the decline reflects a change in the timing of entrepreneurship decisions because of increased educational attainment and its associated cost. A greater number of older workers and fewer young people are choosing to become entrepreneurs. I find that trends in education costs, the skill premium, and the compression of morbidity quantitatively explain the change in the age composition of entrepreneurs. In a series of sensitivity analyses, I establish that, to successfully match the observed rates, it is important to take into account each of these trends. An additional implication of the model is that efficiency increases sharply with a better educated workforce indicating that decreased entrepreneurship might not be as troubling a trend as previously thought.
Subjects/Keywords: International Economics; Macroeconomics
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Mrkonich, R. (2018). Essays in Heterogeneous Agent Macroeconomics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/200292
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mrkonich, Robert. “Essays in Heterogeneous Agent Macroeconomics.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11299/200292.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mrkonich, Robert. “Essays in Heterogeneous Agent Macroeconomics.” 2018. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Mrkonich R. Essays in Heterogeneous Agent Macroeconomics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/200292.
Council of Science Editors:
Mrkonich R. Essays in Heterogeneous Agent Macroeconomics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/200292
Boston University
12.
Trachtenberg, Danielle.
The macroeconomic impacts of international trade and integration.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2019, Boston University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/39323
► The past few decades have seen an unprecedented rise in international trade and integration. In addition to increasing trade flows of final goods and services,…
(more)
▼ The past few decades have seen an unprecedented rise in
international trade and
integration. In addition to increasing trade flows of final goods and services, the
fragmentation of the production process across national borders has resulted in a
rise in trade of intermediate inputs. Countries also continue to expand and deepen
the rules governing
international integration in a growing number of areas that have
become standard in modern free trade agreements, such as intellectual property. This
research explores three topics related to
international trade in a highly integrated
world, showing that integration has resulted in some quantifiable benefits.
In the first chapter, I examine Western European industries that source intermediate
inputs from lower cost countries in Central and Eastern Europe. I use variation in
foreign sourcing driven by subsidies received by firms in Central and Eastern Europe
to identify the impact on Western European industries. Foreign sourcing is associated
with higher employment, wages per worker and higher skill employment. I also
discuss some of the potential costs, even though I do not attempt to quantify them.
Although every country benefits from foreign sourcing, the gains accrue to countries
that are most involved in regional supply chains.
The second chapter analyzes whether restrictive intellectual property provisions
improve or hurt access to biological medicines in Chile, finding that strong provisions
increase both the volume and unit value of imported medicines. The results indicate
that while both a market expansion effect that results in a greater ability to import
and market power effect that raises prices are present, the market expansion effect
dominates.
In the final chapter, I focus on a negative impact of integration, the potential
for imports to surge following job losses in certain occupations during the Great
Recession. I analyze whether changes in an occupation’s employment in a state
resulted in changes in the content of state imports. I find evidence that these changes
might be related, but no causal evidence to suggest that employment changes caused
changes in the content of imports.
Advisors/Committee Members: Guren, Adam (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; International trade
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APA (6th Edition):
Trachtenberg, D. (2019). The macroeconomic impacts of international trade and integration. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/39323
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Trachtenberg, Danielle. “The macroeconomic impacts of international trade and integration.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2144/39323.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Trachtenberg, Danielle. “The macroeconomic impacts of international trade and integration.” 2019. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Trachtenberg D. The macroeconomic impacts of international trade and integration. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/39323.
Council of Science Editors:
Trachtenberg D. The macroeconomic impacts of international trade and integration. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/39323
Eastern Illinois University
13.
Ahmmad, Tofayel.
From Trade Deficit in Goods to Trade Surplus in Services: An Eclectic and Extended Gravity Model Approach in Analyzing the Determinants of Service Trade of the United States.
Degree: MA, 2015, Eastern Illinois University
URL: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2359
► This paper employs an eclectic and extended gravity model of trade to assess the most important determinants of real export and import of services…
(more)
▼ This paper employs an eclectic and extended gravity model of trade to assess the most important determinants of real export and import of services of the United States by analyzing US service trade with its 33 partner countries for 15 years. Distance affects US real export of services negatively, but has no influence on US real import of services. A devaluation of the US dollar increases service export of the United States. We find a positive relationship between US goods trade and US service exports. US outward FDI has a positive impact on US real export of services, but has no significance on US real service imports. Trade freedom of both the US and its partner countries contribute to both the real service exports and imports of the United States. Tariff equivalents of non-tariff barriers and corruption in the importing country have a strong negative impact on the US export of services. Neither regional trade agreements nor a common language contribute to US service trade. Contiguity increases both US export and import of services.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ahmed S. Abou-Zaid.
Subjects/Keywords: Econometrics; International Economics
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APA ·
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CSE |
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Ahmmad, T. (2015). From Trade Deficit in Goods to Trade Surplus in Services: An Eclectic and Extended Gravity Model Approach in Analyzing the Determinants of Service Trade of the United States. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Illinois University. Retrieved from https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2359
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ahmmad, Tofayel. “From Trade Deficit in Goods to Trade Surplus in Services: An Eclectic and Extended Gravity Model Approach in Analyzing the Determinants of Service Trade of the United States.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2359.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ahmmad, Tofayel. “From Trade Deficit in Goods to Trade Surplus in Services: An Eclectic and Extended Gravity Model Approach in Analyzing the Determinants of Service Trade of the United States.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ahmmad T. From Trade Deficit in Goods to Trade Surplus in Services: An Eclectic and Extended Gravity Model Approach in Analyzing the Determinants of Service Trade of the United States. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2359.
Council of Science Editors:
Ahmmad T. From Trade Deficit in Goods to Trade Surplus in Services: An Eclectic and Extended Gravity Model Approach in Analyzing the Determinants of Service Trade of the United States. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2015. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2359
Columbia University
14.
Miscio, Antonio.
Essays in International and Urban Economics.
Degree: 2016, Columbia University
URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D85B02NC
► Chapter 1, “The Impact of Trade Shocks on Local Labor Markets” estimates the effects of increased trade with China on Brazilian local labor markets using…
(more)
▼ Chapter 1, “The Impact of Trade Shocks on Local Labor Markets” estimates the effects of increased trade with China on Brazilian local labor markets using longitudinal individual data on the universe of Brazilian formal sector workers. First, I use reduced-form estimation strategies commonly found in the literature to compare my results to previous findings. I show that my results at the regional level mirror those found in prior studies based on cross-sectional data. I argue that these estimates are potentially biased as they do not take into account the flows of factors and goods between regions. I complement the reduced-form approach with a structural analysis based on the model by Caliendo et al. (2015) in order to endogenize such flows and to study welfare effects. I find that in the absence of the Chinese shock the Brazilian Commodities sector would have shrunk while Manufacturing and Services would have expanded. Relative to this baseline, the employment effect of increased trade with China at the national level was a slower reduction in the share of the Commodities sector and a slower growth in the Manufacturing subsectors that were relatively more exposed to Chinese import competition. My analysis suggests that while the average Brazilian worker benefitted from this shock, the welfare effects were very heterogeneous across sectors and across locations. I find that this heterogeneity is vastly underestimated if instead of using data at the level of metropolitan areas I use data aggregated by States and I explain why the choice of spatial units affects these results.
Chapter 2, “Agglomeration: A Long-Run Panel Data Approach” studies the sources of agglomeration economies in cities. We begin by incorporating within and cross-industry spillovers into a dynamic spatial equilibrium model in order to obtain a panel data estimating equation. This gives us a framework for measuring a rich set of agglomeration forces while controlling for a variety of potentially confounding effects. We apply this estimation strategy to detailed new data describing the industry composition of 31 English cities from 1851-1911. Our results show that industries grew more rapidly in cities where they had more local suppliers or other occupationally-similar industries. We find no evidence of dynamic within-industry effects, i.e., industries generally did not grow more rapidly in cities in which they were already large. Once we control for these agglomeration forces, we find evidence of strong dynamic congestion forces related to city size. We also show how to construct estimates of the combined strength of the many agglomeration forces in our model. These results suggest a lower bound estimate of the strength of agglomeration forces equivalent to a city-size divergence rate of 1.6-2.3% per decade.
Chapter 3, “Gravity estimation with unobserved bilateral flow data” adapts the methodology by Miscio & Soares (2016) to predict domestic trade flows by sector between Brazilian metropolitan areas. This methodology, initially developed…
Subjects/Keywords: Labor economics; Urban economics; International trade; Economics
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MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Miscio, A. (2016). Essays in International and Urban Economics. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D85B02NC
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Miscio, Antonio. “Essays in International and Urban Economics.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.7916/D85B02NC.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Miscio, Antonio. “Essays in International and Urban Economics.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Miscio A. Essays in International and Urban Economics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D85B02NC.
Council of Science Editors:
Miscio A. Essays in International and Urban Economics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D85B02NC
University of Colorado
15.
Park, Doyoung.
Three Essays on International Trade and Environmental Economics.
Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Colorado
URL: https://scholar.colorado.edu/econ_gradetds/97
► The first chapter studies firm production networks as one of the channels through which globalization leads to spatial heterogeneity in the volume and intensity…
(more)
▼ The first chapter studies firm production networks as one of the channels through which globalization leads to spatial heterogeneity in the volume and intensity of emissions. I observe that coastal areas where firms are able to minimize shipping costs to foreign markets are characterized by greater total emissions but lower emission intensities relatively to interior regions when firms are linked via networks. To reach this conclusion, I first analyze the role of production networks in determining total emissions and emission intensities of firms. Second, I explore how the interconnected firms optimally choose their locations between the coast and inland regions following globalization. I find that production networks encourage firms to outsource intermediates to other firms, which in turn reduces their own emission intensities, but increases total emissions because of higher levels of production. I additionally discover that globalization incentivizes large and efficient firms to relocate near the coast. Firm linkages encourage smaller firms to collocate with the large firms in order to maximize their profits from domestic inter-firm trade. The coastal concentration of firms thus becomes a detriment of coastal environmental amenities owing to higher emission levels. However, the intensifying outsourcing activities of coastal firms has the effect of lowering firm-level and regional emission intensity which offsets the degradation of the environmental quality in the coastal areas. The second chapter investigates how an imbalanced allocation of property rights induces technology adoption in exporting versus importing sectors. I find that exporting entities are likely to experience productivity gains as a result of an imbalanced allocation of property rights in a small open economy because
international trade leads to expanded production in export sectors. Furthermore, a small country faces a higher relative world price of exports in the world market which improves the marginal returns of directing technology towards the export-oriented sectors. In a large economy, on the other hand, where the world price can be affected by the amount of exports, the direction of technical changes is affected by the relative price of the export goods (i.e., the terms of trade) and the elasticity of substitution between intermediates (i.e., imports and exports) utilized for the production of final goods. The direction of technology adoption activities is clearly geared towards the exporting sectors (which by assumption possesses a larger allocation of property rights) when intermediates are gross substitutes and the terms of trade are reduced only marginally by trade liberalization. However, the gross complementarity between intermediates and the significant drop in the terms of trade lead technical change in sectors that is handicapped by a lower initial allocation of property rights. The last chapter explores the optimal property right allocation regime in a large open economy, motivated by the real-world imbalanced…
Advisors/Committee Members: Daniel Kaffine, Sergey Nigai, James R. Markusen, Jonathan E. Hughes, Scott Holladay.
Subjects/Keywords: environmental economics; international trade; resource economics; Economics
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Park, D. (2019). Three Essays on International Trade and Environmental Economics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Colorado. Retrieved from https://scholar.colorado.edu/econ_gradetds/97
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Park, Doyoung. “Three Essays on International Trade and Environmental Economics.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Colorado. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://scholar.colorado.edu/econ_gradetds/97.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Park, Doyoung. “Three Essays on International Trade and Environmental Economics.” 2019. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Park D. Three Essays on International Trade and Environmental Economics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Colorado; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://scholar.colorado.edu/econ_gradetds/97.
Council of Science Editors:
Park D. Three Essays on International Trade and Environmental Economics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Colorado; 2019. Available from: https://scholar.colorado.edu/econ_gradetds/97
UCLA
16.
Senel, Gonca.
Essays on International Economics.
Degree: Economics, 2014, UCLA
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1c64t22g
► In these essays, I examine (i) international finance and its effects on the economies (ii) immigration and its effects on labor markets. The first chapter…
(more)
▼ In these essays, I examine (i) international finance and its effects on the economies (ii) immigration and its effects on labor markets. The first chapter explores whether the intervention of a lender of last resort (LLR) with seniority improves the welfare of the countries that are solvent but illiquid. In a model with information asymmetries and incomplete contracts I find that depending on the initial parameters, LLR intervention may or may not help these countries in overcoming this problem since an LLR intervention decision with seniority incorporates a trade-off between higher levels of intervention and lower liquidation. Results of my simulation analysis show that there exists some conditions under which LLR intervention creates lower level of welfare and is not preferable. On the other hand, if the conditions are such that LLR intervention is preferable, given some restrictions, I find that LLR intervention should be conducted without the seniority requirement. Second and third chapters analyze the effect of immigration on welfare through endogenous technological choice of firms. In the second chapter, I empirically test whether immigration of different types of labor (skilled vs. unskilled) affects technology choice of firms differently. Specifically, I test whether firms change their technology in such a way that they will increase the productivity of the labor type that has become more abundant. In order to achieve this, I use census data between years 1970 and 2006 and use instrumental variable technique. Regression results show that high skilled immigration has a strong and positive association with the high-skilled intensive production technology choice of firms while low skilled immigration has a strong negative association with the high-skilled intensive production techniques. In other words, there is a strong association between immigration and endogenous technological choice of firms. In the third chapter, I analyze how immigration affects the long-run welfare of immigration through endogenous choice of firms. Existing theoretical models predict that immigration would depress the wages. However, empirical literature finds that immigration effect on wages is either positive or insignificant. In order to match the theory with these empirical findings, I embed endogenous technological change in a model similar to Auerbauch and Kotlikoff (1987). The results show that the standard model underestimates the effect of immigration to native skilled workers by 95% while it overestimates the effect on native unskilled workers by 31%. Comparing the fiscal effects of immigration in terms of burden of an immigrant through net present discount value (NPV) calculations existing models overestimate NPV of an additional low skilled immigrant approximately by 35% and underestimate the value of an additional high skilled immigrant by 15%
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Economics, Labor; International Economics; International Finance; Labor
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MLA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Senel, G. (2014). Essays on International Economics. (Thesis). UCLA. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1c64t22g
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Senel, Gonca. “Essays on International Economics.” 2014. Thesis, UCLA. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1c64t22g.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Senel, Gonca. “Essays on International Economics.” 2014. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Senel G. Essays on International Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. UCLA; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1c64t22g.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Senel G. Essays on International Economics. [Thesis]. UCLA; 2014. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1c64t22g
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
17.
Woodcock, Thomas.
The Face of the Market.
Degree: Master of International Affairs (M.I.A.), International Relations, 2015, City University of New York
URL: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses/534
► This thesis reviews the effect on economic openness that can be established by the presence of strong Global Compact local networks. The work identifies…
(more)
▼ This thesis reviews the effect on economic openness that can be established by the presence of strong Global Compact local networks. The work identifies three measures of openness and four sets of domestic conditions in which the Global Compact operates, respectively: (1) prevalence of trade, (2) measures of foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment and (3) policy indicators of openness, in respect to democracies with (a) strong local networks or (b) weak local networks, as well as autocratic regimes with (c) strong or (d) weak local networks. A comparative study follows, looking at twenty-three years of data across fifty countries exemplifying the above domains, to determine what impact, if any, the Global Compact has had on economic trends and policy. By measuring the reciprocal effect that enhanced corporate responsibility is expected to have on public trust (reflected in economic policy), the author purports to strengthen an already robust business case for responsible and sustained membership in the Global Compact by demonstrating its utility in facilitating business friendly political climates in its host countries.
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Corporate; responsibility; Economics; International Economics; International Relations; Political Science
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APA (6th Edition):
Woodcock, T. (2015). The Face of the Market. (Thesis). City University of New York. Retrieved from https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses/534
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Woodcock, Thomas. “The Face of the Market.” 2015. Thesis, City University of New York. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses/534.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Woodcock, Thomas. “The Face of the Market.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Woodcock T. The Face of the Market. [Internet] [Thesis]. City University of New York; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses/534.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Woodcock T. The Face of the Market. [Thesis]. City University of New York; 2015. Available from: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses/534
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Columbia University
18.
Plosky, Willyanne DeCormier.
An Investment Case for Addressing Social Drivers of Structural Stigma and Discrimination Against Refugees in Resource-Poor Urban Areas.
Degree: 2017, Columbia University
URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10637474
► Investment in addressing structural stigma and discrimination against refugees in resource-poor urban areas is both needed, and possible. The large population of refugees residing…
(more)
▼ Investment in addressing structural stigma and discrimination against refugees in resource-poor urban areas is both needed, and possible. The large population of refugees residing in resource-poor urban areas is likely to grow, and tensions in a number of settings are now documented. Without interventions to adequately address such tensions, both the protection needs of refugee populations and the stability of hosting countries could be affected. Through qualitative analysis of an urban refugee dataset in Uganda, this dissertation identified community-level drivers of structural stigma and discrimination as safeguarding one’s body and property, defending status, and perpetuating exploitation. The designs of potentially successful programs to address these drivers were then identified though systematic review, and included one or more of the following: 1) the utilization of multiple intervention components; 2) direct information provision (e.g., lecture, role-play, other active engagement) or direct contact with stigmatized groups; 3) cooperative work between community members and stigmatized groups to better livelihoods; 4) popular opinion leaders who have authority to make change, and 5) traditional ceremonies valued by the communities for cleansing and healing. One such design involving an agricultural livelihood program in a resource-poor urban area of the Northeast United States was costed, utilizing a primarily bottom-up approach and a societal perspective in the collection of both financial and economic costs. The unit cost per participating family was significantly lower than government services that provide comparable nutritional support, but did not include components of working with the community to reduce stigma and discrimination. Thus, the studied program provided more services for a lower cost. In addition, it empowered stigmatized refugees to advocate for and support themselves, and engendered goodwill in the community by involving community members to work alongside refugee participants, improving upon a neglected piece of land, and providing fresh produce. Further research is needed to better measure the social and financial dividends of programs to address structural stigma and discrimination, particularly against urban refugees. Such research can only come in tandem with further investment, the imperative and potential of which are compellingly clear.
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Public health; International relations
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APA (6th Edition):
Plosky, W. D. (2017). An Investment Case for Addressing Social Drivers of Structural Stigma and Discrimination Against Refugees in Resource-Poor Urban Areas. (Thesis). Columbia University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10637474
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Plosky, Willyanne DeCormier. “An Investment Case for Addressing Social Drivers of Structural Stigma and Discrimination Against Refugees in Resource-Poor Urban Areas.” 2017. Thesis, Columbia University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10637474.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Plosky, Willyanne DeCormier. “An Investment Case for Addressing Social Drivers of Structural Stigma and Discrimination Against Refugees in Resource-Poor Urban Areas.” 2017. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Plosky WD. An Investment Case for Addressing Social Drivers of Structural Stigma and Discrimination Against Refugees in Resource-Poor Urban Areas. [Internet] [Thesis]. Columbia University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10637474.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Plosky WD. An Investment Case for Addressing Social Drivers of Structural Stigma and Discrimination Against Refugees in Resource-Poor Urban Areas. [Thesis]. Columbia University; 2017. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10637474
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of California – Irvine
19.
Wickramarachi, Heather.
Essays on Foreign Direct Investment, Financial Development and Economic Institutions.
Degree: Political Science, 2016, University of California – Irvine
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/53j9r9fq
► This dissertation seeks to highlight the relationship between foreign investment, financial development, and economic institutions in developing countries. The determinants and impact of foreign investment…
(more)
▼ This dissertation seeks to highlight the relationship between foreign investment, financial development, and economic institutions in developing countries. The determinants and impact of foreign investment has been of particular scholarly interest over the past two decades, with only recent focus on developing countries. The first two chapters focus on the institutional determinants (domestic and international) of foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries. The third chapter accesses the domestic distributional consequences of foreign investment in developing countries.The first chapter focuses on the domestic institutional determinants of foreign direct investment and financial deepening. Specifically, I create an institutional quality index that addresses investors desire to know more about the institutional environment within developing countries. Building upon and expanding previous theoretical frameworks for determinants of foreign and domestic capital flows, I utilize cross-sectional empirical analysis to assess the role that institutions play in promoting financial development and foreign direct investment. I find that institutional quality has a positive and significant on both foreign direct investment and financial deepening.This second chapter examines the significance of bilateral investment treaties (BITs) in promoting FDI between developing (South-South) countries. Drawing on intra-regional investment data from MENA countries, this paper initiates the examination of South-South BITs, their impact on FDI, and the theoretical channels through which changes in FDI occur. The results of my time-series cross-sectional analysis suggest that the signing of South-South BITs have a positive impact on FDI flows, but under different circumstances than North-South agreements.The final chapter considers the distributional consequences of foreign direct investment in developing countries. Specifically, I access the impact of foreign investment on the level of democracy and the level of income inequality. Additionally, I estimate the intervening impact of domestic financial development and how this interacts with FDI and the dependent variables. I find that in a sample of developing countries, FDI increases levels of democracy, as well income inequality, and that domestic financial development has an interactive effect.
Subjects/Keywords: International relations; Political science; Economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Wickramarachi, H. (2016). Essays on Foreign Direct Investment, Financial Development and Economic Institutions. (Thesis). University of California – Irvine. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/53j9r9fq
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wickramarachi, Heather. “Essays on Foreign Direct Investment, Financial Development and Economic Institutions.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Irvine. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/53j9r9fq.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wickramarachi, Heather. “Essays on Foreign Direct Investment, Financial Development and Economic Institutions.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Wickramarachi H. Essays on Foreign Direct Investment, Financial Development and Economic Institutions. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/53j9r9fq.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Wickramarachi H. Essays on Foreign Direct Investment, Financial Development and Economic Institutions. [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/53j9r9fq
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of California – Santa Cruz
20.
Chen, Quincy.
The Impacts of Trade on Labor Markets.
Degree: Economics, 2015, University of California – Santa Cruz
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4d9612mz
► I develop and analyze three models which examine how labor markets are impacted by trade. The first model explores the effects of tariff reductions in…
(more)
▼ I develop and analyze three models which examine how labor markets are impacted by trade. The first model explores the effects of tariff reductions in a setting where multinational firms must choose not only where to sell their products but also where to locate their production. The second model introduces a new theory of offshoring in which production tasks are offshored due to differences in factor endowments between countries rather than differences in productivity. The third model explores the phenomenon of job polarization in which the share of high-skilled and low-skilled jobs increase at the expense of the share of medium-skilled jobs. I demonstrate that job polarization can be caused by complementarities between worker skill and more sophisticated production technologies and I analyze how this effect varies systematically with reductions in trade costs.
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; international trade; labor
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APA (6th Edition):
Chen, Q. (2015). The Impacts of Trade on Labor Markets. (Thesis). University of California – Santa Cruz. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4d9612mz
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chen, Quincy. “The Impacts of Trade on Labor Markets.” 2015. Thesis, University of California – Santa Cruz. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4d9612mz.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chen, Quincy. “The Impacts of Trade on Labor Markets.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Chen Q. The Impacts of Trade on Labor Markets. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Santa Cruz; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4d9612mz.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Chen Q. The Impacts of Trade on Labor Markets. [Thesis]. University of California – Santa Cruz; 2015. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4d9612mz
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
West Virginia University
21.
Pincin, Jared A.
Three Essays on the Political Economy of Foreign Aid Practices in the Development Assistance Committee Countries.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2011, West Virginia University
URL: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.3388
;
https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3388
► This dissertation is a collection of essays on the political economy of foreign aid in the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) countries. Chapter 1 provides an…
(more)
▼ This dissertation is a collection of essays on the political economy of foreign aid in the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) countries. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the foreign aid literature, focusing on the practice of aid tying and foreign aid's impact on political support between aid donor and recipient countries. Chapter 2 investigates the hypothesis that institutional factors such as fragmentation of the executive power and the position of government vis-a-vis legislative composition within the governments of DAC countries help explain why levels of tied aid remain significantly above zero despite the push in the development community to untie all bilateral foreign aid. The results show as the executive power becomes more fragmented, particularly as the number of spending ministers and the number of political parties in the governing coalition increases, countries increase the level of tied aid. Chapter 3 empirically tests whether the DAC countries use aid disbursements to exert political influence over aid recipients by influencing how the recipients vote in the United Nations General Assembly. In general, the results show a positive relationship between voting coincidence and foreign aid distribution for Canada, France, Spain, and the United Kingdom while no conclusive link was established for the United States. These results may be considered a lower bound of political influence because of the possibility of free riding among the DAC countries. Chapter 4 extends the work in the previous chapter by disaggregating the aid data to account for the heterogeneity of aid and the possibility that the different categories and forms of aid may differ in their ability to induce political support. The analysis shows, among other things, that in the post Cold War era disaggregated aid measures do not show a robust influence on voting coincidence for most of the DAC countries. These results in chapters 3 and 4 may differ because recipients may value total aid more than individual aid categories because of the fungibility of aid. Chapter 5 concludes the dissertation by summarizing the key findings and offering extensions to the current research.
Advisors/Committee Members: Russell S. Sobel, Christopher J. Coyne.
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; International relations; Public policy
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Pincin, J. A. (2011). Three Essays on the Political Economy of Foreign Aid Practices in the Development Assistance Committee Countries. (Doctoral Dissertation). West Virginia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.3388 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3388
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pincin, Jared A. “Three Essays on the Political Economy of Foreign Aid Practices in the Development Assistance Committee Countries.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, West Virginia University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.3388 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3388.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pincin, Jared A. “Three Essays on the Political Economy of Foreign Aid Practices in the Development Assistance Committee Countries.” 2011. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Pincin JA. Three Essays on the Political Economy of Foreign Aid Practices in the Development Assistance Committee Countries. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. West Virginia University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.3388 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3388.
Council of Science Editors:
Pincin JA. Three Essays on the Political Economy of Foreign Aid Practices in the Development Assistance Committee Countries. [Doctoral Dissertation]. West Virginia University; 2011. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.3388 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3388
Washington State University
22.
[No author].
ESSAYS ON TRADE, IMMIGRATION, AND MICROFINANCE
.
Degree: 2015, Washington State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2376/5523
► This dissertation consists of three papers analyzing the effect of the South Asian free trade agreement, identifying various factors that influence the settlement of illegal…
(more)
▼ This dissertation consists of three papers analyzing the effect of the South Asian free trade agreement, identifying various factors that influence the settlement of illegal immigrants and the impact of microfinance on investment in children's education. The first article estimates the effect of a free trade agreement on export flows among member countries of the South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) using panel data from 2001 - 2010. This paper also compares the average growth of exports of SAFTA countries with neighboring non-SAFTA countries using difference-in-differences Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood gravity estimator. Results show that the share of intraregional exports has grown within SAFTA during the post-SAFTA period compared to the pre-SAFTA period by 107 percent. But I find that the increase in exports in SAFTA is not statistically different from the increase in exports of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. The second study identifies various important characteristics that determine the location of illegal immigrants within the United States. I use random effect model to investigate the various reasons why illegal immigrants decide to settle in different states including socioeconomic, network, welfare, political, and enforcement effects. I find that illegal immigrants settle in states with network effects, where the enforcement is higher; and are less likely to be in states with a higher welfare effects. I used a logit model to examine personal characteristics on the illegal immigrants. I find that illegal immigrants are more likely to be males, with low education levels, working in the construction sector.The third study estimates how the probability of taking a microfinance loan and the total amount of loan from microfinance institutions by Self Help Groups members affects their children's education in India. The objective of this study is to identify the factors that determine the probability of getting a loan from microfinance institutions using probit model. Results show that household income has positive impact on probability of getting a microfinance loan, but did not find any effect on savings and expenditure. The analysis did not find any evidence of the impact of microfinance credit of household members on investment in children's education.
Subjects/Keywords: Economics;
Immigration;
International Trade;
Microfinance
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
author], [. (2015). ESSAYS ON TRADE, IMMIGRATION, AND MICROFINANCE
. (Thesis). Washington State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2376/5523
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
author], [No. “ESSAYS ON TRADE, IMMIGRATION, AND MICROFINANCE
.” 2015. Thesis, Washington State University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2376/5523.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
author], [No. “ESSAYS ON TRADE, IMMIGRATION, AND MICROFINANCE
.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
author] [. ESSAYS ON TRADE, IMMIGRATION, AND MICROFINANCE
. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2376/5523.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
author] [. ESSAYS ON TRADE, IMMIGRATION, AND MICROFINANCE
. [Thesis]. Washington State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2376/5523
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Baylor University
23.
Johnson, Austin Phillip.
Unintended consequences : how agricultural subsidies are fueling the drug trade.
Degree: M.S.Eco., Economics., 2011, Baylor University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/8266
► The United States has historically subsidized its farmers directly and indirectly through a variety of different methods. In recent years, there has been evidence that…
(more)
▼ The United States has historically subsidized its farmers directly and indirectly
through a variety of different methods. In recent years, there has been evidence that
OECD agricultural subsidies are leading farmers in certain nations to begin growing
illegal plants that contain alkaloids for the production of narcotics. In this paper, I use
narcotic seizure data from the United States Drug Enforcement Agency as a proxy for
narcotics supply levels. Regression results strongly suggest a link between U.S. subsides
and drug production, but no link between U.S. subsidies and methamphetamine or
marijuana production.
Advisors/Committee Members: Green, Steven L. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: International trade.; Agricultural economics.
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APA (6th Edition):
Johnson, A. P. (2011). Unintended consequences : how agricultural subsidies are fueling the drug trade. (Masters Thesis). Baylor University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2104/8266
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Johnson, Austin Phillip. “Unintended consequences : how agricultural subsidies are fueling the drug trade.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Baylor University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2104/8266.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Johnson, Austin Phillip. “Unintended consequences : how agricultural subsidies are fueling the drug trade.” 2011. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Johnson AP. Unintended consequences : how agricultural subsidies are fueling the drug trade. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Baylor University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/8266.
Council of Science Editors:
Johnson AP. Unintended consequences : how agricultural subsidies are fueling the drug trade. [Masters Thesis]. Baylor University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/8266
Boston College
24.
De Leo, Pierre.
Essays in Macroeconomics.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2019, Boston College
URL: http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:108480
► This dissertation consists of three independent chapters analyzing the sources of business cycles and the role of monetary policy. Taking both closed- and open-economy perspectives,…
(more)
▼ This dissertation consists of three independent
chapters analyzing the sources of business cycles and the role of
monetary policy. Taking both closed- and open-economy perspectives,
I study the importance of expectations for the empirical
identification of economic and policy shocks, the nature of
business cycle fluctuations, and the optimal conduct of monetary
policy. The first chapter is titled ``
International Spillovers and
the Exchange Rate Channel of Monetary Policy,'' and is joint work
with Vito Cormun. Motivated by the observation that exchange rate
fluctuations largely influence small open economies, we propose a
novel approach to separately identify the effects of domestic and
external shocks on exchange rates and other macroeconomic
variables, thereby uncovering a set of new empirical findings. A
first finding is that external shocks account for most of exchange
rate fluctuations. Relatedly, the bulk of external shocks is
strongly correlated with measures of global risk aversion and
uncertainty (e.g. the VIX), and a country’s net foreign asset
position largely explains the exposure of its exchange rate to
external disturbances. A second finding is that domestic and
external disturbances generate very different comovement patterns
between interest rates and exchange rates. In particular, unlike
domestic shocks, external shocks are associated with large and
significant deviations from uncovered interest parity. As a result,
an econometrician that fails to properly distinguish between
sources of exchange rate fluctuations is bound to obtain puzzling
estimates of the exchange rate effects of domestic monetary policy
shocks. These empirical findings have profound implications for
models of small open economy and exchange rate determination. In
particular, they favor theories in which exchange rates are jointly
determined by the risk-bearing capacity in financial markets as
well as the extent of a country’s financial imbalances. For this
reason, we develop a model of the
international financial sector
that satisfies these features, and embed it in an otherwise
standard general equilibrium two-country small open economy model.
The key mechanism of the model consists of risk averse traders in
the foreign exchange markets that require a premium to hold the
currency risk of the small open economy. We show that the proposed
model is able to reproduce all the empirical findings documented in
the empirical analysis, including the cross-country differences in
exposure to external shocks, the role of a country’s net foreign
asset position, the different responses of interest rates, exchange
rates, and currency excess returns across different shocks, as well
as the emergence and resolution of the so-called exchange rate
response puzzle across different identification approaches. The
second chapter is titled ``Should Central Banks Target Investment
Prices?'' and is joint work with Susanto Basu. The question posed
in the title is motivated by the observation that central banks
nearly always state explicit or implicit…
Advisors/Committee Members: Susanto Basu (Thesis advisor), Ryan Chahrour (Thesis advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: International Finance; Macroeconomics; Monetary Economics
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APA ·
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
De Leo, P. (2019). Essays in Macroeconomics. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston College. Retrieved from http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:108480
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
De Leo, Pierre. “Essays in Macroeconomics.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston College. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:108480.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
De Leo, Pierre. “Essays in Macroeconomics.” 2019. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
De Leo P. Essays in Macroeconomics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston College; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:108480.
Council of Science Editors:
De Leo P. Essays in Macroeconomics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston College; 2019. Available from: http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:108480
Florida International University
25.
Amiel-Saenz, Rafael.
Exchange rate overvaluation under hyperinflation : the case of Peru.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 1996, Florida International University
URL: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1279
;
10.25148/etd.FI14032307
;
FI14032307
► This dissertation examines the behavior of the exchange rate under two different scenarios. The first one is characterized by, relatively, low inflation or a…
(more)
▼ This dissertation examines the behavior of the exchange rate under two different scenarios. The first one is characterized by, relatively, low inflation or a situation where prices adjust sluggishly. The second is a high inflation economy where prices respond very rapidly even to unanticipated shocks. In the first one, following a monetary expansion, the exchange rate overshoots, i.e. the nominal exchange rate depreciates at a faster pace than the price level. Under high levels of inflation, prices change faster than the exchange rate so the exchange rate undershoots its long run equilibrium value.
The standard work in this area, Dornbusch (1976), explains the overshooting process in the context of perfect capital mobility and sluggish adjustment in the goods market. A monetary expansion will make the exchange rate increase beyond its long run equilibrium value. This dissertation expands on Dornbusch's model and provides an analysis of the exchange rate under conditions of currency substitution and price flexibility, characteristics of the Peruvian economy during the hyper inflation process that took place at the end of the 1980's. The results of the modified Dornbusch model reveal that, given a monetary expansion, the change in the price level will be larger than the change in the exchange rate if prices react more than proportionally to the monetary shock.
We will expect this over-reaction in circumstances of high inflation when the velocity of money is increasing very rapidly. Increasing velocity of money, gives rise to a higher relative price variability which in turn contributes to the appearance of new financial (and also non-financial) instruments that report a higher return than the exchange rate, causing people to switch their demand for foreign exchange to this new assets. In the context of currency substitution, economic agents hoard and use foreign exchange as a store of value. The big decline in output originated by hyper inflation induces people to sell this hoarded money to finance current expenses, increasing the supply of foreign exchange in the market. Both, the decrease in demand and the increase in supply reduce the price of foreign exchange i.e. the real exchange rate. The findings mentioned above are tested using Peruvian data for the period January 1985 – July 1990, the results of the econometric estimation confirm our findings in the theoretical model.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bruce R. Kelley, Hassan Arvin-Rad, Maria J. Willumsen.
Subjects/Keywords: International Economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Amiel-Saenz, R. (1996). Exchange rate overvaluation under hyperinflation : the case of Peru. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1279 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14032307 ; FI14032307
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Amiel-Saenz, Rafael. “Exchange rate overvaluation under hyperinflation : the case of Peru.” 1996. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1279 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14032307 ; FI14032307.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Amiel-Saenz, Rafael. “Exchange rate overvaluation under hyperinflation : the case of Peru.” 1996. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Amiel-Saenz R. Exchange rate overvaluation under hyperinflation : the case of Peru. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 1996. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1279 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14032307 ; FI14032307.
Council of Science Editors:
Amiel-Saenz R. Exchange rate overvaluation under hyperinflation : the case of Peru. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 1996. Available from: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1279 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14032307 ; FI14032307
Florida International University
26.
Andujar, Julio Gabriel.
Essays on the political economy of the dominican reform process.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 1999, Florida International University
URL: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1302
;
10.25148/etd.FI14032320
;
FI14032320
► This dissertation provides an analytical framework to study the political economy of policy reform in the Dominican Republic during the nineties. Based on a…
(more)
▼ This dissertation provides an analytical framework to study the political economy of policy reform in the Dominican Republic during the nineties. Based on a country study, I develop two theoretical models that replicate the mechanisms of policy approval in developing countries with weak democracies. The first model considers a pro-reform President who submits a tariff bill to an anti-reform Congress dominated by the opposition party. In between, two opposing lobbies try to get their favored policy approved. Lobbies act as Stackelberg leaders vis a vis a weak President. The behavior of the Congress is determined exogenously while the lobbies act strategically pursuing the approval of the reform bill and indirectly affecting the President's decision. I show that in such a setting external agents like the Press play an important role in the decision-making process of the political actors.
The second model presents a similar framework. However, the President, who is a Stackelberg leader, is allowed only two choices, total reform or status-quo. I show how a lobby reacts to an increase in its rival's or its own size. These reactions depend on the President's level of commitment to the reform. Finally, I discuss the effect of variations in the size of the lobbies on the President's choice. The model suitably explains real events that took place in the Dominican Republic in the mid-nineties.
Advisors/Committee Members: Devashish Mitra, Nejat Anbarci, Ali Cem Karayalcin.
Subjects/Keywords: International Economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Andujar, J. G. (1999). Essays on the political economy of the dominican reform process. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1302 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14032320 ; FI14032320
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Andujar, Julio Gabriel. “Essays on the political economy of the dominican reform process.” 1999. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1302 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14032320 ; FI14032320.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Andujar, Julio Gabriel. “Essays on the political economy of the dominican reform process.” 1999. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Andujar JG. Essays on the political economy of the dominican reform process. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 1999. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1302 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14032320 ; FI14032320.
Council of Science Editors:
Andujar JG. Essays on the political economy of the dominican reform process. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 1999. Available from: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1302 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14032320 ; FI14032320
Eastern Illinois University
27.
Trail, Scott A.
Examining the Relationship Between Environmental Policy and Economic Competitiveness in the United States and the European Union.
Degree: MA, Political Science, 2013, Eastern Illinois University
URL: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1226
► In sum, when considering the findings of all three chapters of this thesis cumulatively, several implications are worth noting in regards to the relationship…
(more)
▼ In sum, when considering the findings of all three chapters of this thesis cumulatively, several implications are worth noting in regards to the relationship between environmental policy and economic competitiveness. First, the notion that adopting stringent environmental standards will impede on a state's ability to remain economically competitive was shown to be the exception, rather than the rule in all of the cases surveyed in this thesis. Moreover, the cumulative research throughout this thesis has shown the depth of complexity that exists between environmental and economic policy networks. Each chapter illustrated how the general relationship between government and private interests continues to evolve; in some cases the relationship between the government and interest groups was shown to enhance environmental policy standards, while in others private interests were shown to impede on the potential for environmental standards to expand. On the whole, I believe this thesis has served to expand McCormick and Mitchell's (2007) findings surrounding caucuses and interest groups in Chapter 4, and going further than that by showing how similar relationships have manifested at the domestic level in the United States and Europe through the public/private partnerships of utility and energy production companies outlined in the case studies of Chapters 2 and 3.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ryan C. Hendrickson, Andrew D. McNitt, Richard A. Wandling.
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Environmental Policy; International Relations
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APA (6th Edition):
Trail, S. A. (2013). Examining the Relationship Between Environmental Policy and Economic Competitiveness in the United States and the European Union. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Illinois University. Retrieved from https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1226
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Trail, Scott A. “Examining the Relationship Between Environmental Policy and Economic Competitiveness in the United States and the European Union.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1226.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Trail, Scott A. “Examining the Relationship Between Environmental Policy and Economic Competitiveness in the United States and the European Union.” 2013. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Trail SA. Examining the Relationship Between Environmental Policy and Economic Competitiveness in the United States and the European Union. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1226.
Council of Science Editors:
Trail SA. Examining the Relationship Between Environmental Policy and Economic Competitiveness in the United States and the European Union. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2013. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1226
Eastern Illinois University
28.
Reznick, Douglas A.
The Stabilization and Structural Adjustment Procedures of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.
Degree: MA, 1995, Eastern Illinois University
URL: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1991
► The IMF and the World Bank began to attach structural adjustment restrictions to many of their loans to developing countries in the early 1980s.…
(more)
▼ The IMF and the World Bank began to attach structural adjustment restrictions to many of their loans to developing countries in the early 1980s. Some of these restrictions are not based on solid economic ground and are, in many cases not effective in improving the economic standing of the countries that receive loans. In addition, there was also a misdiagnosis of the problems that occurred in the underdeveloped countries of the world. Under the IMF/World Bank paradigm, the difficulties that most underdeveloped countries experienced were due to internal distortions and non-effective development strategies. Evidence to the contrary shows that many of the problems that these underdeveloped nations experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s were mainly exogenous and out of the control of the individual countries, such as: Two severe oil shocks, a world wide recession, and increased real interest rates.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mark Weisbrot.
Subjects/Keywords: International Economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Reznick, D. A. (1995). The Stabilization and Structural Adjustment Procedures of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Illinois University. Retrieved from https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1991
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Reznick, Douglas A. “The Stabilization and Structural Adjustment Procedures of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.” 1995. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1991.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Reznick, Douglas A. “The Stabilization and Structural Adjustment Procedures of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.” 1995. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Reznick DA. The Stabilization and Structural Adjustment Procedures of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 1995. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1991.
Council of Science Editors:
Reznick DA. The Stabilization and Structural Adjustment Procedures of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 1995. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1991
Eastern Illinois University
29.
Malunga, Vincent G.
Of Devaluation, Imports, Exports, Balance of Payments and the IMF in Malawi: A Case Study.
Degree: MA, 1993, Eastern Illinois University
URL: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2094
► In International Economics, conventional wisdom suggests that devaluation improves the trade balance for a country. This is possible because, by worsening the terms of…
(more)
▼ In
International Economics, conventional wisdom suggests that devaluation improves the trade balance for a country. This is possible because, by worsening the terms of trade for a country, devaluation leads to import substitution and enhanced competitiveness in the export sector. The trade balance is expected to improve
via the J-curve, where the trade balance worsens first, until a country is able to adjust to the contractual problem.
This project sought to identify the presence of the J-curve or a lack thereof in Malawi, a country in South Central Africa, within the contextual frame work of the IMF's structural adjustment programs. More precisely, it was hypothesized that a series of devaluations between 1982 and 1992 led to a wave-like pattern in the current account and the balance of payments. It was hypothesized that the trade balance was not enhanced because the J-curves never matured.
The project also analyzed some key variables that form the foci of structural adjustment. In addition, the project also estimated Malawi's propensities to import from key trading partners.
The findings suggested that, in some instances, the J-curve was indeed discernible from the data. In other instances, intervening variables precluded the drawing of hard and fast conclusions. The results also showed Malawi's imports to be positively sensitive to income and negatively sensitive to relative prices. However, the exchange rate does not appear to have any significant impact on Malawi's import trade, except for the case of trade with Japan.
The project concluded that Malawi, the IMF and other lenders should focus on correcting structural imbalances and diversification of the export sector if Malawi's financial position is to improve enough to enable her to repay her outstanding debts. Deflationary aggregate demand policies will only sacrifice long run growth and development.
Advisors/Committee Members: Noel Brodsky.
Subjects/Keywords: International Economics
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APA (6th Edition):
Malunga, V. G. (1993). Of Devaluation, Imports, Exports, Balance of Payments and the IMF in Malawi: A Case Study. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Illinois University. Retrieved from https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2094
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Malunga, Vincent G. “Of Devaluation, Imports, Exports, Balance of Payments and the IMF in Malawi: A Case Study.” 1993. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2094.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Malunga, Vincent G. “Of Devaluation, Imports, Exports, Balance of Payments and the IMF in Malawi: A Case Study.” 1993. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Malunga VG. Of Devaluation, Imports, Exports, Balance of Payments and the IMF in Malawi: A Case Study. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 1993. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2094.
Council of Science Editors:
Malunga VG. Of Devaluation, Imports, Exports, Balance of Payments and the IMF in Malawi: A Case Study. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 1993. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2094
University of Maryland
30.
Moreno Soto, David Nicolas.
ESSAYS ON THE ROLE OF THE SOVEREIGN IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE.
Degree: Economics, 2016, University of Maryland
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/18931
► This dissertation investigates the role that the sovereign plays in the international economy, from two different aspects: the first chapter deals with the important role…
(more)
▼ This dissertation investigates the role that the sovereign plays in the
international economy, from two different aspects: the first chapter deals with the important role that institutional quality plays in the official accumulation of net foreign assets in emerging-market and developing economies, using a small-open economy model to account for the variation shown across economies in this regard; the second chapter shows the effects that the European Sovereign Debt Crisis that followed the Great Recession has had in the depressed investment rates in small and large firms in the euro area.
The first chapter shows that institutional quality has an important role in explaining differences in net sovereign foreign asset position and sovereign risk, while highlighting the importance of mercantilist strategies, understood as the strategies governments follow to exploit growth externalities in their tradable sectors. This frameworks allows the understanding of the vast accumulation of foreign assets that emerging-market and developing economies' governments have amassed during the current period of globalization, which has played a key role in generating the global imbalances.
The second chapter focuses on the advanced economies of the euro area, showing how increased sovereign risk depresses investment in the corporate sector through the bank balance-sheets. Using an enormous dataset linking firm, banks, and sovereigns, it can identify the effects that corporate overhang and rollover risk have in deterring firms from investing, and how sovereign risk worsen this problems but making difficult for firms to keep borrowing necessary for investment. This dataset includes many small firms, which are dependent on internal and banking sources of financing, as opposed to large firms, which can diversify and raise additional resources through issuance of bonds and stocks.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kalemli-Ozcan, Sebnem (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Economics; International Finance; Macroeconomics
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APA (6th Edition):
Moreno Soto, D. N. (2016). ESSAYS ON THE ROLE OF THE SOVEREIGN IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE. (Thesis). University of Maryland. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1903/18931
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Moreno Soto, David Nicolas. “ESSAYS ON THE ROLE OF THE SOVEREIGN IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE.” 2016. Thesis, University of Maryland. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1903/18931.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Moreno Soto, David Nicolas. “ESSAYS ON THE ROLE OF THE SOVEREIGN IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Moreno Soto DN. ESSAYS ON THE ROLE OF THE SOVEREIGN IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/18931.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Moreno Soto DN. ESSAYS ON THE ROLE OF THE SOVEREIGN IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE. [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/18931
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations