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ALMEIDA, Jos? Jonathas Albuquerque de. Extra??o e caracteriza??o de col?geno provindo de Gallus gallus domesticus: desenvolvimento de tecnologias para o tratamento de les?es cut?neas. 2017. 135 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado) - Curso de Mestrado Acad?mico em Sociobiodiversidade e Tecnologias Sustent?veis - MASTS, Instituto de Engenharia e Desenvolvimento Sustent?vel ? IEDS, Universidade da Integra??o Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Reden??o, 2017.

As les?es cut?neas s?o consideradas um problema de sa?de p?blica, acometendo a popula??o independente do sexo, idade, etnia e cultura. Podendo ocasionar negativamente na qualidade de vida dos pacientes em virtude da ?rea atingida. Sabe-se que o processo de cicatriza??o da pele acontece por meio da deposi??o de alguns componentes, dentre estes, o col?geno pode influenciar positivamente no processo de cicatriza??o, por ser a prote?na mais abundante no organismo e estando presente em grande quantidade na conjuntura tecidual, matriz celular, e tecido conjuntivo. Dentro deste contexto o objetivo desse trabalho foi Extrair, caracterizar e desenvolver uma formula??o em gel contendo col?geno provido de p?s de gallus gallus domesticus. Sendo um estudo explorat?rio e descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, no qual utilizamos mat?ria prima os p?s de Gallus gallus domesticus, fazendo-se uso de tr?s m?todos de extra??o sendo o primeiro por Liu (2010) com algumas modifica??es, o segundo m?todos com ? utiliza??o de solu??es em meio ?cido e b?sico em diferentes concentra??es, tendo como refer?ncia o m?todo de Liu (2010) e terceiro m?todo o emprego de t?cnica com aquecimento e press?o. Sendo realizada a caracteriza??o das amostras mediante emprego da Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Espectrofotometria de Absor??o no UV-VIS, eletroforese, quantifica??o de prote?na, teste bacteriol?gico, Cromatografia Perme?vel em Gel (GPC) e teste da toxicidade por meio da Art?mias Salina. Mediante realiza??o do FTIR foi poss?vel ter a identifica??o dos grupos funcionais de amida I, II e III que constitui o processo de caracteriza??o da estrutura do col?geno nas amostras. No que trata a quantifica??o de prote?na foi poss?vel identificar a exist?ncia da mesma em todas as amostras em algumas em maior concentra??o proteica em outras menos. Os resultados obtidos na analise de Espectrofotometria de Absor??o no UV-VIS caracteriza exist?ncia dos grupos funcionais e constituintes do col?geno, estando presente em todas as amostras, no qual, tais gr?ficos dos extratos testados s?o similares ao gr?fico obtido do col?geno padr?o, tanto na estrutura do desenho do gr?fico bem como, no registro dos picos e seus valores. Sobre o resultado do GPC notou-se que apesar da varia??o do peso molecular dos extratos, existiu certa aproxima??o dos picos e massa molecular com o valor encontrado do padr?o, assim como, a constitui??o dos gr?ficos, distribui??o da massa foi identificado apenas um pico que refer?ncia um ?nico elemento nos extratos, sendo estes…

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INTRODUCTION: Diagnostic investigation, treatment and prevention of geriatric dermatological diseases are extremely important so that the elderly also have a good quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dermatological, sex and race diagnoses and the phototype, photodian and photoprotection items in the elderly included in the study. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study that included the elderly patients at first consultation at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of the S?o Lucas Hospital of PUCRS, from March to November 2017. Data on dermatological diagnosis, sex, race, profession, phototype, and photoprotection were included in the research instrument. The descriptive analysis of the quantitative variables was performed through measures of central trends and dispersion. Categorical variables were demonstrated using absolute and relative frequencies. The comparison between the quantitative variables was performed with Student's t-test. For categorical variables, the Pearson Chi-square test or Fischer's extract was used. The research began after approval by the Ethics and Research Committee and the elderly entered the study after signing the Term of Free and Informed Consent. RESULTS: Included in the study were 116 elderly patients, seen at the first consultation at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of the S?o Lucas Hospital of PUCRS. The mean age was 71 ? 7.5 years (range 60 to 99 years). The majority of females (52.6%) and high white prevalence (95.5%). More often, the elderly were classified as phototype two (50%), and three (37.9%), and the majority did not present photodynamics (81.9%). The main dermatoses were basal cell carcinoma (28.4%), being the most common carcinoma of the skin, having as main cause the exposure to the sun and more frequently in the lower phototypes (1 and 2) (35%). Following the actinic keratosis (21.3%), also in the…

Advisors/Committee Members: Terra, Newton Luiz.

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Introduction: the growth of the elderly population worldwide presents a challenge for active aging with quality of life. As a consequence of increased life expectancy, several organs of the human body age, including the skin. Therefore, the aging population is also a challenge for dermatologists, since the demographic transition also increases skin diseases and changes which need to be managed. This study is justified by the scarceness of epidemiological studies among us, regarding the prevalence of skin manifestations that affect the elderly and their importance as a foundation for the care of geriatric patients. Objectives: To study dermatological problems in elderly residents at a Long Stay Institution (LSI) and in those seen at an Outpatient Clinic and in a ward of a Geriatric Center of Reference in Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Methods: cross-sectional, descriptive and analitcs study performed between August/2010 and May/2011. The people invited to participate in the study were all the elderly residents of a long-stay institution of Porto Alegre from August/2010 to October/2010, all the elderly patients of the Geriatrics Ambulatory of Hospital S?o Lucas from October 2010 to May /2011, and all the elderly hospitalized at the Geriatrics Unit Care of Hospital S?o Lucas from December/2010 to May/2011, 60 years old or over. Data on age, sex, race, schooling, associated illnesses and medications used were surveyed in the patients files. The elderly person or their representative was asked about the family history of skin diseases, and the dermatological manifestations were collected by dermatological exam (inspection and palpation), complemented by the dermatoscopic and histopathological exams when necessary. The descriptive analysis of the data was done by frequencies, means, medians and standard deviations. The Chi-square test was used to compare the frequencies of dermatological manifestations to the frequencies of demographic characteristics and to the frequencies of co-morbidities. Results: Three hundred and twelve elderly people participated in the study, 30.1% male and 69.9% female. The age varied from 60 to 103 years, the mean was 78.4 years (SD=8.9), and the median 79 years. Out of the total number, 60.9% were white, 55.0% had not completed elementary school, 94.6% had associated co-morbidities, and 94.2% used some kind of medication. One hundred and twenty-eight dermatological manifestations were observed, comprising skin, nail and hair changes. The mean number of dermatological manifestation per person was calculated as 18.5 (SD=3.7) and the margin of variation was from 7 to 28 manifestations per elderly person surveyed. Solar melanosis, guttate hypomelanosis, cherry hemangioma, longitudinal striae on the nails, wrinkles, melanocytic nevi, seborrheic keratosis, male androgenetic alopecia,…

Advisors/Committee Members: Silva Filho, Irenio Gomes da.

▼ Antecedentes y estado actual del tema: recientemente, las lesiones asociadas a humedad han pasado a ser reconocidas como una entidad propia. Un tipo muy frecuente de este tipo de lesiones es la dermatitis asociada a la incontinencia, entendi?ndose por esta, ?la inflamaci?n de la piel producida por el contacto de la orina o heces con la piel perineal o perigenital?. Estas lesiones presentan una etiolog?a multifactorial, habi?ndose descrito m?ltiples factores asociados, entre los que se encuentra la presencia de un ?ndice de masa corporal elevado, hall?ndose asociaciones significativas con este tipo de lesiones pero sin llegar a establecer causalidad respecto a ninguna de ellas. Objetivo: establecer si un ?ndice de masa corporal elevado act?a como un factor de riesgo para la dermatitis asociada a la incontinencia. Advisors/Committee Members: G?mez Acebo, In?s (advisor), Universidad de Cantabria (other).

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This is a retrospective study reporting 35 years of kidney transplantation at Hospital S?o Lucas da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul. An historical approach of the origins and development of the Nephrology Unit over the years was performed. Data were separated into different eras, based on the type of immunosuppression, and the patient?s characteristics before, during and after transplantation were assessed. There were significant differences between each era, mainly on the characteristics of the recipients and donors, but also in the rates of complications and technical aspects of surgery. A total of 1231 transplants were performed until 2013, April 30. Of these, 55.8% were male, white (86.9%) and 76.6% from deceased donors. Most recipients aged between 19 and 59 years (77.5%), and 1.9% over 70 years. Significant differences were observed between the characteristics of each era, especially in relation to recipients and donors. Through the eras, an increased number of patients are being transplanted, with grafts from older donors (p<0.001) subjected to longer cold ischemia times (p<0.001) transplanted in an increasing proportion of elderly recipients (p<0.001), maintained in a longer period on the waiting list (p<0.001). Fewer episodes of rejection were observed (p<0.001), lower incidence of some clinical complications such as myocardial infarction (p<0.001), strokes (p=0.02) and post-??transplant diabetes (p<0.001), along of the time. In the present era, survival of patients at 1, 3 and 5 years were 98.3%, 94.6% and 90.5% for living donors and 92.4%, 87.2% and 80.7% for deceased donors, respectively. Survival of grafts were, for living donors, 92.2%, 88.7% and 82.4% and deceased donors 80.4%, 71.1% and 63.7%. Transplants with acute pyelonephritis in the first 30 days after transplantation, had significantly worse graft and patients survivals, compared to patients without pyelonephritis in the first 30 days. In addition, age, use of ureteral stents, thymoglobulin induction and longer hospital stays increased the risk of this infection. Recipients of expanded criteria donors transplants induced with thymoglobulin may be at a 25.75 fold increase in risk for death 24 hours after diagnosis of CRAB septicemia, a severe complication occurring in 10 recipients between January 2000 and April 2013, of 807 transplants patients. In recent years, our study showed a low incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, despite the increased use of Thymoglobulin. We found that the use of low thymoglobulin doses reduces the risk of cytomegalovirus and, the use of oral ganciclovir had a protective…

Advisors/Committee Members: Figueiredo, Carlos Eduardo Poli de.

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OBJETIVO: Este estudo estimou a preval??ncia das infec????es oportunistas e coinfec????es em indiv??duos com AIDS acompanhados no N??cleo de Assist??ncia Henfil, no munic??pio de Palmas, Tocantins, no per??odo de 2011 a 2015. M??TODO: Trata-se de uma pesquisa epidemiol??gica com delineamento transversal, que foi conduzida por meio de revis??o dos dados dispon??veis no Sistema de Informa????o de Agravos de Notifica????o (SINAN-AIDS) e Banco Estadual (Ger??ncia de DST/HIV/AIDS ??? ??rea T??cnica: Assessoria de Vigil??ncia). Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit?? de ??tica em Pesquisa do Instituto de Sa??de Coletiva da UFBA (parecer n?? 1.967.965) e autorizado pela Ger??ncia Estadual de DST/HIV/AIDS e Hepatites Virais. RESULTADOS: De um total de 228 casos de AIDS notificados no N??cleo Henfil, residentes na zona urbana (98,2%), heterossexuais (70,8%), com idade entre 25 e 44 anos (67,1%), homens (64,9%), pardos (55,1%) e com ensino m??dio completo (46,1%), rela????es sexuais com homens (58,2%), seguidas com mulheres (37,3%). Al??m disso, quase 28,5% foram referentes ao ano de 2013. O crit??rio de diagn??stico mais prevalente foi o crit??rio CDC adaptado (94,7%). Quanto ??s infec????es oportunistas mais frequentes, destacam-se dermatite persistente (28,1%), tosse persistente ou qualquer pneumonia (23,7%), candidose oral ou leucoplasia pilosa (23,7%), pneumonia por Peumocystis carinii (6,1%), candidose de es??fago (5,7%) e herpes zoster (4,8%). No que diz respeito ??s coinfec????es, sete casos notificados com tuberculose pulmonar cavit??ria ou n??o especificada e sete casos com tuberculose disseminada/extrapulmonar/n??o cavit??ria. CONCLUS??ES: Os achados deste estudo demonstram elevada preval??ncia da infec????o pelo HIV nos homens heterossexuais pardos em idade jovem, predominando o crit??rio CDC adaptado para defini????o do diagn??stico, o que n??o corresponde aos sinais cl??nicos mais prevalentes, pois as IO do crit??rio Caracas foram as que prevaleceram. O subregistro das informa????es no SINAN impossibilitou realizar uma an??lise epidemiol??gica mais precisa para tra??ar medidas de preven????o e at?? mesmo de gest??o quanto ?? aquisi????o dos medicamentos de responsabilidade do Estado paramanifesta????es cl??nicas que ocorrem com maior frequ??ncia em PVHA.

Advisors/Committee Members: Silva, Carlos Alberto Lima da, Costa, Maria Concei????o Oliveira, Barreto, Florisneide Rodrigues.

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A investiga????o baseia-se no pressuposto de que o cuidado de enfermagem ??s mulheres que vivem com o HIV/aids, em unidade ambulatorial especializada, contribui para o enfrentamento da infec????o/doen??a. Trata-se de pesquisa quantiqualitativa fundamentada na Teoria das Representa????es Sociais, com os objetivos de analisar o conte??do das representa????es sobre o cuidado de enfermagem e apreender as Representa????es Sociais de mulheres que vivem com o HIV/ aids sobre aids e HIV. Ap??s aprova????o do projeto pelo CEP/UFBA foram investigadas, entre julho a dezembro de 2012, 50 mulheres que vivem com o HIV/ aids, cadastradas em unidades ambulatoriais especializadas, situadas em Salvador-BA. A produ????o dos dados se deu pela aplica????o do Teste de Associa????o Livre de Palavras e da entrevista. O material produzido foi submetido ao processamento, pelo software TriDeux-Most, e atrav??s da An??lise Fatorial de Correspond??ncia evidenciadas as representa????es de medo, morte, doen??a maldita, incur??vel, discrimina????o, tratamento, magreza e grupos de risco para os est??mulos indutores HIV e aids. O conte??do das entrevistas foi analisado pela t??cnica de An??lise de Conte??do Tem??tica. A articula????o entre as informa????es atrav??s das duas t??cnicas resultou na elabora????o das categorias tem??ticas: 1. A import??ncia da informa????o para a preven????o do HIV/ aids e o enfrentamento da infec????o/doen??a; 2. Repercuss??es da discrimina????o social no cotidiano das pessoas que vivem com o HIV/ aids; 3. O (des)cuidar de enfermagem para o enfrentamento da infec????o pelo HIV/ aids. Os dados revelaram: inseguran??a pela maioria das participantes quanto ao conhecimento sobre o agravo; impacto diante da revela????o da soropositividade com manifesta????es de emo????es negativas; situa????es de viol??ncia institucional cometidas por profissionais de sa??de; invisibilidade do cuidado de enfermagem em unidade ambulatorial; pouca visibilidade para a????es de cuidado de enfermagem, inclusive a divulga????o de informa????es; discrimina????o dificulta o enfrentamento da infec????o/doen??a; lacuna entre o cuidado de enfermagem idealizado pelas participantes e a pr??xis do cuidar realizado por estes profissionais. As representa????es do grupo estudado sobre o HIV/ aids evidenciam a necessidade de redirecionamento da pr??tica de enfermagem pautada no princ??pio da humaniza????o da assist??ncia, visando ao atendimento das especificidades de cada cliente,…

Advisors/Committee Members: Paiva, Mirian Santos.

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O diagn??stico da leishmaniose visceral canina ?? dado pelo quadro cl??nico e por testes laboratoriais, sorol??gicos e parasitol??gicos. Entretanto, o reconhecimento de infec????o dissociada de doen??a ?? mais dif??cil. Nesses casos, a rea????o em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e o teste cut??neo da leishmanina (TCL) t??m sido usados como indicadores de infec????o. Adicionalmente o TCL tem sido utilizado como um marcador de resist??ncia ao desenvolvimento de leishmaniose visceral. N??o h??, por??m, padroniza????o na aplica????o ou interpreta????o dos resultados desse teste em c??es. Este ?? um estudo derivado de um trabalho experimental, que objetivou definir os par??metros para aplica????o e interpreta????o adequada do TCL em c??es no que diz respeito ?? concentra????o do ant??geno, local da inje????o e tempo ideal para leitura do resultado, associando os resultados a vari??veis cl??nicas e laboratoriais. Para tal, foram coletados os dados de 395 c??es de Jequi??-BA, ??rea end??mica de leishmaniose visceral, entre os anos de 1997 e 2008. Foram exclu??dos todos os animais que n??o realizaram teste cut??neo, assim como os que morreram ou fugiram antes de serem avaliados, restando uma popula????o final de 280 animais. Buscamos os registros das ??reas de indura????o do TCL, dados cl??nicos e resultados de cultura, sorologia, PCR hemograma, e exames de bioqu??mica s??rica. Ap??s an??lises, foi demonstrado que os melhores par??metros para realiza????o do TCL s??o 250 ??g de ant??geno e leitura da rea????o 48 horas ap??s aplica????o do ant??geno. Foram obtidos resultados similares quando o a inje????o se deu em ??reas de pele espessa e pele fina. TCL positivo mostrou-se associado a menores frequ??ncias de soropositividade, emagrecimento e ??lceras de pele e a maiores n??veis de eritr??citos.

Advisors/Committee Members: Santos, Washington Luis Conrado dos, Santos, Washington Luis Conrado dos, Souza, Edna L??cia Santos de, Neves, Carolina Lara, Almeida, Marco Ant??nio Cardoso de.

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Introduction : Parasitic infections are a public health problem in Brazil and in other developing countries with variations according to sanitation, socioeconomic status, educational level, age, and hygienic habits, among other variables. In the elderly population, few studies have been published about intestinal parasites and Toxoplasma gondii infections. Objective : To evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and T. gondii seroprevalence associated with the demographic, socioeconomic, hygienic, sanitary and health conditions of the elderly of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods : This cross-sectional study collected a random sample of FHS elderly individuals living in the city of Porto Alegre, from march 2011 to december 2012. For selection of the elderly, 30 FHS teams were selected, of which 36 respondents were randomly selected by ESF. Data collection was conducted by Community Health Workers (CHW) during home visits; the CHW administered a general epidemiological questionnaire and provided instructions to each patient regarding the collection of fecal samples. Blood and stool samples were collected later by the project team at the healthcare unit where each elderly individual was registered. The blood samples intended for hemograms were sent to the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of the S?o Lucas Hospital. The blood samples intended for toxoplasmosis examination and the fecal samples intended for parasitological stool examination were sent to the Biochemistry, Molecular Genetics and Parasitology Laboratory of the Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, PUCRS. Results : The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 10.8%, with the following frequencies: 29 (44.0%), Endolimax nana; 21 (32.0%), Entamoeba coli; 6 (9.0%), Giardia lamblia; 4 (6.0%), Ascaris lumbricoides; 3 (5.0%), Strongyloides stercoralis; 2 (3.0%), Trichuris trichiura; and 1 (2.0%), Iodamoeba butschlii. We found no significant association between infection and the demographic and socioeconomic variables. Regarding the hygiene and sanitary variables, the elderly who had other pets that were not cats or dogs had a higher prevalence of intestinal parasites (27.8% (P=0.041)), and those who had animals that were bathed more often had a higher prevalence of enteroparasites (16.0% (P=0.024)); these associations remained significant in the multivariate analysis. Regarding the health variables, the elderly who did not have hypertension or mental disease had a higher prevalence of intestinal parasites than those who had these diseases (15.4% (P=0.032) and 12.8% (P=0.049), respectively). In assessing the hemogram, anemia was no significant relationship with intestinal parasites and association with eosinophilia was significant when examined only the prevalence of pathogenic parasites: 7.3% (P=0.010).…

Advisors/Committee Members: Carli, Geraldo Att?lio de.

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OBJECTIVE: This paper compares the test results of DMSA renal scintigraphy performed 1, 3 and 6 hours after administration of the radiopharmaceutical in children with clinical suspicion of acute pyelonephritis. MATERIALS E METHODS: DMSA Images were performed 1, 3 and 6 h after tracer injection and evaluated by three nuclear medicine physicians, who rated the kidneys from normal and abnormal, in the three different moments. We used the Criteria for acute pyelonephritis published by The European Association of Nuclear Medicine and the Consensus of normality and its variants, proposed by 30 experts in nuclear nephrology and published in 1999. Moreover, was performed the relative renal function on each patient, for each protocol image, by counting the activity of 99m Tc-DMSA uptake in both kidneys. RESULTS: One hundred sixty nine kidneys from 88 patients were evaluated. There was agreement intra-observer and inter-observer for all comparisons. The prevalence of acute pyelonephritis was 22,7%. There were no statistically significant changes in function calculation on the three proposed protocols. CONCLUSION: There was no statistically significant difference in the images taken at 1, 3 and 6h in the scintigraphic evaluation of acute pyelonephritis in children up to ten years. Also do not change the functional indices in the three moments.

OBJETIVO: Esse trabalho compara os resultados dos exames de cintilografia renal com DMSA realizados 1, 3 e 6h ap?s a administra??o do radiof?rmaco em crian?as com suspeita cl?nica de pielonefrite aguda. MATERIAIS E M?TODOS: As imagens de DMSA foram realizadas 1, 3 e 6h ap?s a inje??o do radiof?rmaco e avaliadas por tr?s m?dicos nucleares, que classificaram os rins em normal ou anormal, nos tr?s momentos diferentes, isoladamente. Foram usados os crit?rios para pielonefrite aguda publicados pela Associa??o Europeia de Medicina Nuclear e o Consenso de normalidade e suas poss?veis variantes, proposto por 30 especialistas em nefrologia nuclear e publicado em 1999. Al?m disso, foi realizado o c?lculo da capta??o renal relativa de cada paciente, para cada protocolo de imagem, atrav?s da contagem da atividade de capta??o do 99mTc-DMSA em cada rim. RESULTADOS: foram avaliados 169 rins de 88 pacientes. Houve concord?ncias intra-observadores e inter-observadores para todas as compara??es realizadas. A preval?ncia de pielonefrite aguda foi de 22,7%. N?o houve altera??es estatisticamente significativas nos c?lculos das fun??es relativas nos tr?s protocolos propostos. CONCLUS?O: N?o h? diferen?a estatisticamente significativa nas imagens realizadas em 1, 3 e 6h na avalia??o…

Advisors/Committee Members: Baldisserotto, Matteo.

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Minist??rio da Educa????o

Este estudo in vitro e ex vivo buscou avaliar a efic??cia antimicrobiana do Extrato bruto de Aroeira a 50% frente a uma cepa de Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212). Para o estudo in vitro, foi realizado teste de difus??o em ??gar para verificar o grupo com maior halo de inibi????o, o que foi observado no extrato bruto a 50% de Aroeira. Em seguida, para o estudo ex vivo, foram utilizados 40 (quarenta) dentes humanos unirradiculares tratados endodonticamente e fixados em placas de 24 po??os. Os esp??cimes foram aleatoriamente divididos em quatro grupos com 10 (dez) dentes cada, de acordo com a medica????o intracanal utilizada: CO - grupo controle; PA - grupo com medica????o de Hidr??xido de C??lcio PA + anest??sico; CA - grupo com medica????o Calen PMCC e EA - grupo com medica????o de Extrato Bruto 50% de Aroeira. Posteriormente, os esp??cimes foram contaminados com E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) e incubados a 37??C durante 21 dias. A cada dois dias, houve adi????o do caldo BHI (Brain Heart Infusion) em cada dente, al??m da troca de ??gua nos po??os, fornecendo assim nutri????o e umidade para o crescimento bacteriano. As amostras foram coletadas ap??s 7 (sete) e 15 (quinze) dias com o aux??lio de cones de papel est??reis e submetidas ?? cultura de placas de Petri contendo ??gar BHI. Ap??s 24 horas de incuba????o, o crescimento bacteriano foi verificado atrav??s da contagem das unidades formadoras de col??nias (UFC/mL). A an??lise dos dados mostrou que houve significativa redu????o dos microorganismos nos grupos PA, CA e EA, se comparado ao controle CO com p <0,0001. Observou-se ainda uma diferen??a estat??stica entre o PA e CA, com p< 0.0071, por??m n??o houve diferen??a estat??stica entre CA e EA. Portanto, pode-se concluir que o Extrato Bruto de Aroeira a 50% (oitenta por cento) possui efic??cia antimicrobiana frente ao Enterococcus faecalis. Sugere-se a realiza????o de estudos cl??nicos com o extrato pesquisado de modo a fundamentar os efeitos antimicrobianos desta terapia fitoter??pica.

Advisors/Committee Members: Marques, Aparecida Maria Cordeiro, Oliveira, Susana Carla Pires Sampaio de, Monteiro, Juliana Santos de Carvalho, Silva, Silvio Jos?? Albergaria da.

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A Constitui????o Cidad?? de 1988 garante a sa??de como direito dos brasileiros, atribuindo ??s esferas p??blicas a obriga????o de articular a????es de promo????o, preven????o e recupera????o da sa??de, admitindo assim a exist??ncia de vulnerabilidade nos grupos populacionais e tornando a garantia da seguran??a na produ????o do sangue e seus componentes um desafio permanente ao Sistema ??nico de Sa??de. Isto exige a implanta????o de sistemas funcionais que minimizem a probabilidade de uma unidade infectada ser transfundida. Esse estudo descreve as caracter??sticas que comp??em os grupos de candidatos inaptos sorol??gicos antes e depois da implanta????o de uma nova tecnologia para a detec????o mais r??pida e eficaz de doen??as infectocontagiosas, o teste de ??cido nucleico (NAT). O conhecimento obtido pelo estudo pode auxiliar na ado????o de a????es de preven????o e prote????o ?? sa??de da popula????o de acordo com princ??pios ??ticos que privilegiam o bem estar dos usu??rios e da comunidade. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de corte transversal de natureza quantitativa. Utilizou-se dados alimentados no sistema operacional Hemovida pelo hemocentro coordenador da Bahia e foram analisados descritivamente e apresentados em gr??ficos e tabelas. Durante os dois per??odos estudados (antes e ap??s o uso do teste NAT) n??o se evidenciou achado em janela imunol??gica para HIV e HCV nos 2275 testes sorol??gicos utilizando biologia molecular. Dos testes Elisa que positivaram para HIV e HCV 85,2% e 93,7% foram respectivamente indetect??veis pelo m??todo de biologia molecular NAT. Os resultados desse estudo, considerando seus limites, n??o evidenciaram ganho na seguran??a transfusional ap??s a inser????o do NAT no SUS da Bahia. Tamb??m n??o foram evidenciadas mudan??as nos perfis dos inaptos sorol??gicos antes e depois da introdu????o do teste NAT. Dentre as recomenda????es destaca-se a necessidade dos gestores do hemocentro intervirem no achado de alta preval??ncia de exames positivos para s??filis.

Advisors/Committee Members: Melo, Cristina Maria Meira de, Teixeira, Carmen Fontes de Souza, Pires, Cl??udia Geovana da Silva.

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Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS ([email protected]) on 2015-12-01T17:55:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 476504 - Texto Pacial.pdf: 560629 bytes, checksum: 87ce59a68d7f4e868fc301fa05c033ef (MD5)

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

Melanoma is a malignant tumor that develops anywhere on the skin is 1 to 3% of all malignant neoplasms, and also affects men and women, especially in light skin. The development of melanoma may be associated with excessive sun exposure, sunburn, fair skin, blond or red hair, lots of freckles on their shoulders and backs, family history and presence of actinic keratosis. The chemotherapeutic strategies have been based on the use of dacarbazine and temozolomide. In addition to these monoclonal antibodies are also being used, such as ipilimumab, approved in 2011 for the palliative treatment of patients with metastatic cancer. Many studies are underway to evaluate the anticancer activity of compounds like resveratrol. Resveratrol, 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene (RESV) is a natural phenolic stilbene which has, among the most important properties, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic - inhibiting various cellular events associated with three major stages of carcinogenesis: started, promotion and progression - anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, antifungal and estrogen. Resveratrol analogs were synthesized by modification of substituents on both rings, without altering the double bond between them: one by the fusion of benzene and other two by fusing a heterocyclic ring; these newly synthesized analogues showed anticancer activity, vasodilatory and anti-tyrosinase. In this paper we propose the synthesis of resveratrol analogues in order to evaluate the biological activity of these. The structural change of resveratrol stilbene modified (alternate double bond between the carbons of the double nitrogens) may be a promising strategy to improve the pharmacological parameters. The replacement of hydroxyl groups by methyls and acetyls can increase the molecular stability, so that there is decreasing susceptibility in the reaction phase II conjugation in vivo, significantly potentiate the cytotoxic activity.Assay in cell culture using melanoma line, B16F10, showed that compounds synthesized had IC50 less than resveratrol. In evaluating the IC50 of the compounds synthesized in fibroblasts, 3T3 line, we see that showed higher values than in melanoma strain except Redresv001 compound, suggesting a specificity of the synthesized compounds in these cancer cells. Among the compounds, methylated Redresv003 and acetylated Redresv004 and Redresv005 have greater prominence, because of having antiproliferative activity at lower concentrations, are selective for cancer tested lineage and maintain their activity long period of time (72 hours), suggesting that did not…

Advisors/Committee Members: Souto , Andr? Arigony.

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Submitted by P??s-Com P??s-Com ([email protected]) on 2015-01-23T15:44:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Terse Tavares Soares.pdf: 1715826 bytes, checksum: 6f44998db04a085de0a15317e6ee47d6 (MD5)

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Capes

As intera????es sociais que caracterizam a maioria dos processos em ambientes digitais compartilham algumas especificidades, principalmente uma altera????o na auto-percep????o dos participantes, um sentido de transpar??ncia do meio e uma sensa????o de afastamento no tempo e/ou no espa??o a partir da realidade reproduzida ou simulada. Neste sentido, este trabalho opta por problematizar inicialmente a natureza da presen??a social em ambientes online ??? que indica a ???sensa????o de estar junto com outro???, identificando quais as caracter??sticas sociais expans??veis aos sites de redes sociais sugerem presen??a social e consequentemente, como os usu??rios destes ambientes localizam-se/percebem "a si mesmo" e "outros" em intera????es mediadas. Problematizamos as acep????es de presen??a - e suas varia????es conceituais existentes na literatura - a partir das experi??ncias interacionais com uso da internet. Atrav??s de uma abordagem sociol??gica da copresen??a, nos interessou, a possibilidade de construir e compartilhar uma base te??rica atrav??s do processo de intera????o social em ambientes mediados, que acolhesse este sentido como um fator determinante para este tipo deexperi??ncia. Optamos pelo desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa fundamental, que buscou adicionar contribui????es de novos saberes e novas abordagens no campo da Presen??a. Quanto ?? natureza da pesquisa, esta disserta????o caracteriza-se como uma investiga????o b??sica, do tipo explorat??ria e aplica????o de um modelo de an??lise utilizando a base metodol??gica proposta por Biocca e Harms (2002) para avaliar as medidas da presen??a social no Facebook.

Social interactions that characterize most of the processes in digital environments share some specifics, especially a change in self-perception of the participants, a sense of transparency in the middle and a sense of remoteness in time and / or space from the reality reproduced or simulated. In this sense, this paper chooses to initially discuss the nature of social presence in online environments - which indicates the "feeling of being together with others", identifying social characteristics expandable to social networking sites suggest social presence and consequently, how users these environments localized "yourself" and "others" in mediated interactions. We problematized the meanings of presence - and its variations existing conceptual literature -from the interactional …

Advisors/Committee Members: Ribeiro, Jos?? Carlos, Bandeira, Messias, Fontes, Malu.

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Submitted by PPG Medicina e Ci?ncias da Sa?de ([email protected]) on 2019-01-02T13:26:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GABRIELAACEVEDOFERREIRA.pdf: 1119548 bytes, checksum: 5ab300a71fcbd4f589e5d85bfe9c6677 (MD5)

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

Infection by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of childhood hospitalization as well as a major health and economic burden worldwide. RSV causes RTI in adults and lower respiratory tract illness (LRTI), including acute bronchiolitis and pneumonia, in infants and young children. Unfortunately, RSV infection provides only limited immune protection to reinfection, mostly due to inadequate immunological memory, which leads to an exacerbated inflammatory response in the respiratory tract promoting airway damage during virus clearance. Despite extensive research efforts, safe and effective vaccines against RSV are currently unavailable. Nevertheless, a prophylactic strategy based on a humanized neutralizing antibody against RSV is widely used in new born at high-risk, such as preterm infants and those suffering from cardiovascular diseases and immunosuppression. The alveolar epithelial cells are the first line of defense against the virus, most associated with the local inflammation in the disease. The entry of respiratory syncytial virus to alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) is an important step in the infection process involving binding of the RSV G and F protein molecules bound to the surface of the host cell. Infection with respiratory syncytial virus is associated with the epithelial cell death and vigorous inflammation, apoptotic death of infected cells is a mechanism to reduce virus replication. And this study showed infection induced by active respiratory syncytial virus in the epithelial cells of the A549 line showing the pathway of cell death induced by the host cells, our results show the pathway of apoptosis induced from the caspase-3 activation and no dependence production of the production of reactive oxygen species.

A infec??o pelo v?rus sincicial respirat?rio (VSR) ? a principal causa de hospitaliza??o infantil, bem como um grande problema de sa?de e dos custos econ?micos no mundo inteiro. VSR causa infec??o do trato respirat?rio (RTI) em adultos e doen?a do trato respirat?rio inferior (ITRI), incluindo bronquiolite aguda e pneumonia, em crian?as e crian?as jovens. Infelizmente, a infec??o por RSV fornece uma prote??o imune limitada ? uma reinfec??o, principalmente devido a mem?ria imunol?gica insuficiente, o que conduz a uma resposta inflamat?ria exacerbada no trato respirat?rio…

Advisors/Committee Members: Jones, Marcus Herbert, Porto, B?rbara Nery.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:30:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 437503.pdf: 3671111 bytes, checksum: fc21218ca251e697145259f86558a4ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-09

Since the beginning of AIDS epidemic many efforts have been employed to define the value of oral cavity lesions as clinical markers of this disease. However, there are fewer reports on oral pathologies from developing countries. The main purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of HIV-positive adults carriers of associated oral lesions and evaluate the risk factors for the occurrence of these affections. For that purpose, a cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive-analytical study was conducted in medical/dental charts of 534 patients at 5 Referral Centers for HIV/AIDS management in Porto Alegre city, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data analysis consisted of cross-tabulations, binomial t test, and logistic regression models. Nearly 52% of patients were men, 88.2% were older than 30 years and 78.1% progressed to AIDS in less than 5 years after HIV diagnosis. The unemployment index was 35% and was significantly more common among men (p<0.001). Approximately 60% of the patients used highly active antiretroviral therapy. Tuberculosis was the AIDS-defining disease most commonly seen (18.5%).The oral manifestations were seen in 19.3% of patients at the time of HIV diagnosis. Oral candidiasis was the most prevalent lesion in the oral cavity (50%), denoting predilection by the female gender (p=0.031). The risk factors for the occurrence of this affection were moderate (p<0.009) and severe (p<0.001) immunologic impairment and alcoholism (p=0.011). CD4+ counts below 500 cells/mm? (p=0.029), a viral load above 5000 copies/mm? (p=0.003) and smoking (p=0.005), contributed for hairy leukoplakya occurrence. The advanced stage of the disease and rapid progression to AIDS observed in this sample requires health professionals attention, since they may be indicative of diagnosis and treatment delay. Dentists and other health professionals might be aware to the onset of oral manifestations, since these lesions were helpful markers for the detection of HIV and suggestive clinical signs of immune deterioration and disease progression in the current survey.

Desde o in?cio da epidemia da AIDS muitos esfor?os tem sido empregados para definir o valor cl?nico das manifesta??es estomatol?gicas do HIV. Entretanto, poucos estudos nos pa?ses em desenvolvimento contemplaram essas enfermidades. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi descrever o perfil epidemiol?gico de adultos portadores do HIV com les?es bucais associadas e avaliar os fatores de risco para a ocorr?ncia dessas afec??es. Com esse fim, um estudo transversal, retrospectivo e descritivoanal?tico foi desenvolvido a partir de dados coletados em 534 prontu?rios m?dico/odontol?gicos de pacientes que receberam atendimento em 5 centros de refer?ncia na cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A an?lise dos dados foi realizada empregando tabula??es cruzadas, teste t…

Advisors/Committee Members: Figueiredo, Maria Antonia Zancanaro de.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 443441.pdf: 1273041 bytes, checksum: 2a726b258e4a6dcc629bd84b376aa191 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-31

Background: Acute respiratory infection is the most frequent reason for children s use of emergency medical service. Chest radiography is widely used as a diagnostic method for the management of respiratory infections in children although its benefits are unknown. Aims: The aims of this study are to describe the clinical diagnostics, radiographic reports and the main indications for chest radiography in children attended at an emergency service of a Hospital in the South of Brazil. Methods: Medical records of 466 children with respiratory infection attended at the emergency service of S?o Lucas Hospital (Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul) were analyzed. Data regarding the reasons for attendance, clinical findings, radiographic report were also collected and analyzed by three trained examiner. Results: From the total of the patients, 233 were boys (50%) and the mean age was 5.7 years-old. Cough (73.6%) and fever (73.0%) were the most frequent reasons for request chest radiography, followed by rhinorrhea (18%), respiratory difflculty (7.9%) and asthma / asthma attacks (5.6%). The most frequent clinical diagnosis was pneumonia (47.4%) and upper airway infection (39.9%). Pulmonary infiltrates (44.4%) and normal reports (43.1%) were the most prevalent findings seen in the radiological evaluation, followed by consolidation (11.2%). Conclusion: The majority of the children had cough and fever as the most common clinical manifestation. Pulmonary infiltrates and normal results were the most common radiological findings. The clinical diagnosis of pneumonia was approximately four times higher than that found in chest x-ray evaluation.

Introdu??o: A infec??o respirat?ria aguda de via a?rea ? a causa mais frequente para a busca de servi?os de emerg?ncia em pediatria. Nesse contexto, a radiografia de t?rax ? um m?todo diagn?stico amplamente utilizado para o manejo das infec??es respirat?rias em crian?as, apesar dos seus benef?cios n?o estarem completamente estabelecidos na literatura. Objetivos: Os objetivos deste estudo s?o descrever as principais indica??es cl?nicas de solicita??o de radiografias, diagn?sticos cl?nicos e os resultados dos exames radiol?gicos de crian?as atendidas na emerg?ncia de nosso hospital, com infec??o respirat?ria aguda. Material e M?todos: Foram revisados 466 prontu?rios de crian?as atendidas no setor de emerg?ncia do Hospital S?o Lucas da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul (HSL-PUCRS). No estudo, foram inclu?das crian?as com infec??o respirat?ria. Coletaram-se dados referentes a motivos de atendimento, achados do exame f?sico, diagn?sticos cl?nicos, laudos radiol?gicos de t?rax e de seios da face. Resultados: Do total de pacientes, 233 eram do sexo masculino (50%) e a m?dia de idade foi de 5,7 anos (1-17 anos). Tosse (73,6%) e febre (73,0%) foram os motivos mais frequentes de…

Advisors/Committee Members: Baldisserotto, Matteo.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 448016.pdf: 452471 bytes, checksum: 1fc9475d7f40d9aa0613d308b60b2c94 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-25

Introduction: the main causes of hospitalization in infants are wheezing episodes caused by seasonal viruses. The impact of infection by two or more viruses is not well established in the literature, especially the relationship between coinfection and clinical severity of the disease. Methods: In the present study, we evaluated the occurrence of infections and coinfections by respiratory viruses in infants with wheezing, as well as the association between coinfection and outcomes related to disease severity. This was a cross-sectional study with infants up to 12 months of age with acute wheezing, who were admitted to a pediatric unit. The study was conducted between September 2009 and September 2011. For identification of respiratory viruses, nasopharyngeal secretions were collected and, the samples were analyzed using the immunofluorescence and PCR for respiratory viruses. Results: 35.3% (42/119) of patients were negative for virus; 48.7% (58/119) were positive for one virus and 11.8% (14/119) for two viruses. The association of coinfection and severity measured by different periods of hospitalization, use of oxygen therapy and wheezing showed significant results. The higher were the number of virus identified; the higher the markers of severity. Conclusion: In this study, the coinfection with respiratory viruses in infants with wheezing influenced the severity of the clinical condition. In addition, rates of coinfection in infants admitted to the emergency hospital suggests that crowding of people in the same environment as well as the short distance between beds in emergency can be factors contributing to coinfection with respiratory viruses.

Introdu??o: as principais causas de interna??es de lactentes s?o as crises de sibil?ncia causadas por v?rus sazonais. O impacto da infec??o por dois ou mais v?rus n?o est? bem esclarecida na literatura, especialmente a rela??o entre a coinfec??o e a gravidade cl?nica da doen?a. M?todos: no presente estudo, foram avaliadas a ocorr?ncia de infec??es e coinfec??es por v?rus respirat?rios em lactentes com sibil?ncia, bem como a associa??o entre coinfec??o e desfechos relacionados ? gravidade da doen?a. Este foi um estudo transversal, com lactentes de at? 12 meses de idade, com crise de sibil?ncia, que estavam internados em uma unidade pedi?trica. O estudo foi realizado no per?odo entre setembro de 2009 e setembro de 2011. Para identifica??o dos v?rus respirat?rios foi coletada secre??o de nasofaringe e ap?s o per?odo de coleta as amostras foram analisadas atrav?s da t?cnica do imunofluoresc?ncia e PCR em tempo real para v?rus respirat?rios. Resultados: No presente estudo foram selecionados 127 pacientes, sendo que 122 completaram todos os crit?rios de inclus?o. A m?dia de idade foi de 2,9 meses, sendo 54,9% (67/122) dos pacientes do sexo masculino. Com rela??o ?s vari?veis cl?nicas,…

Advisors/Committee Members: Pinto, Leonardo Ara?jo.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 448527.pdf: 415770 bytes, checksum: 09e12a0bd7a9b1c0393a3bdb829d942c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-04

Acute wheezing is a leading cause of hospitalization in infants. Previous studies have described a difference in the severity of the disease depends on the virus identified in a sample of air, but some studies show conflicting results. This study is therefore to evaluate the relationship between the causative pathogen of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and length of stay in a sample of infants from Porto Alegre. The nasopharyngeal specimens for testing of respiratory viruses by immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction were collected between 09/2009 and 09/2011. We recruited patients at the Hospital S?o Lucas diagnosed with LRTI. We analyzed 122 samples from patients with LTRI, and of these, 65 (51.2%) were positive for respiratory syncytial virus infection (RSV). Besides these samples, 15 were positive for influenza, 5 to rhinovirus, parainfluenza to 10, 3 to metapneumov?rus and 3 for adenovirus. When we used length of stay as a marker of severity, patients with RSV were, on average, 6.74 ? 4.39 days hospitalized, while patients infected with other viruses were only 4.97 ? 2.64 days hospitalized, on average; this difference was statistically significant. However, when we used other risk factor as family history of asthma, number of siblings and sex, there was no significant difference. The study demonstrated high overall positive tests for virus, with the predominance of RSV. The study suggests that RSV may be considered as a risk factor for ITRI severity

As crises de sibil?ncia desencadeadas por v?rus est?o entre as principais causas de interna??o hospitalar em lactentes. Estudos pr?vios descreveram uma diferen?a na severidade da doen?a dependente do v?rus identificado em amostra de via a?rea, por?m alguns trabalhos apresentam resultados conflitantes. Este estudo tem, portanto, o objetivo de avaliar a rela??o entre o pat?geno causador da infec??o e tempo de interna??o, em uma amostra de lactentes de Porto Alegre. As amostras de secre??o nasofar?ngea para pesquisa de v?rus respirat?rios por imunofluoresc?ncia direta (IFD) e polymerase chain reaction (PCR) foram coletadas no per?odo 09/2009 e 09/2011. Foram recrutados pacientes internados no Hospital S?o Lucas da PUCRS com diagn?stico de infec??o do trato respirat?rio inferior (ITRI). Foram analisadas 122 amostras de pacientes com ITRI, e destas, 65 (51,2%) foram positivas para infec??o por v?rus sincicial respirat?rio (VSR). Al?m destas amostras, 15 foram positivas para influenza, 5 para rinov?rus, 10 para parainfluenza, 3 para metapneumov?rus e 3 para adenov?rus. Quando utilizamos o tempo de interna??o como um marcador de gravidade, pacientes com VSR ficaram, em m?dia, 6,74 ? 4,39 dias internados, enquanto pacientes sem VSR ficaram apenas 4,97 ? 2,64 dias internados, em m?dia, sendo esta diferen?a estatisticamente significativa. Por?m quando avaliados outros…

Advisors/Committee Members: Pinto, Leonardo Ara?jo.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 448602.pdf: 5444949 bytes, checksum: 5f077f7aa23c0ec642d7726b401ada78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-04

OBJECTIVE: To calculate the frequencies of acute pyelonephritis and renal scarring in youngers than two years old through scintigraphy with 99mTcDMSA with first episode of UTI in a Brazilian university hospital and comparing with international literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed reports scintigraphy of youngers than two years old who underwent scintigraphy with 99mTcDMSA in a university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, between 2006 and 2009 to search for APN and renal scarring. It was also revised the presence of vesicoureteral reflux, early use of antibiotics, and comorbidities that were recorded in e lectronic records. The sample size calculation was based on a systematic review study and obtained a minimum of 147 patients. We excluded patients with no electronic record. RESULTS: 157 children met the inclusion criteria, where 48 had APN and 8 of these had renal scars. There was no statistical difference in the association of VUR and APN (p=1.0) as well as among all comorbidities (p=0.470). There was no significance relation to early use of antibiotics and APN (p=0.130) and renal scarring (p=0.720). CONCLUSION: The frequency of renal scarring and APN obtained agree with the results of most studies.

OBJETIVO: Calcular as frequ?ncias de pielonefrite aguda (PNA) e cicatriz renal em pacientes menores de dois anos com cintilografia renal com 99mTcDMSA com primeiro quadro de ITU em hospital universit?rio brasileiro comparando com dados da literatura internacional. MATERIAIS E M?TODOS: Foram revisados laudos cintilogr?ficos de crian?as menores de dois anos de idade que realizaram cintilografia renal com 99mTcDMSA em um hospital universit?rio de no Rio Grande do Sul, entre 2006 e 2009 para pesquisa de PNA/cicatriz renal. Revisouse a presen?a de refluxo v?sicoureteral (RVU), uso precoce de antibi?tico, e presen?a de comorbidades que constassem nos prontu?rios eletr?nicos. Calculouse a amostra baseado num estudo de revis?o sistem?tica e obtevese um m?nimo de 147 pacientes. Excluiu-se pacientes sem registro eletr?nico. RESULTADOS: 157 crian?as preencheram crit?rios de inclus?o do estudo, 48 tiveram PNA e 8 destes apresentaram cicatriz renal. Nem a idade e g?nero dos pacientes apresentaram associa??o significativa com PNA (p=0,405; p=0,124 respectivamente). N?o houve diferen?a estat?stica nas associa??es de RVU e PNA (p=1,0) e outras comorbidades (p=0,470); e em rela??o ao uso precoce de antibi?tico com PNA (p=0,130) e cicatriz renal (p=0,720). CONCLUS?O: As frequ?ncias de PNA e cicatriz renal obtidas concordam com os resultados da maioria dos estudos publicados

Advisors/Committee Members: Baldisserotto, Matteo.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 450698.pdf: 770148 bytes, checksum: 327595d2e1aa276eb70c809a8f587123 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-05

Introduction : almost all infants present infection by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) up to 2 years of age. However, the severity of acute viral bronchiolitis (AVB) can vary significantly. This variability may be caused by genetic and immunological factors. Previous studies have shown that RSV-infected airway contains high levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8). The knowledge of genetic polymorphisms associated with severe AVB may have clinical relevance, identifying patients with high-risk for severe AVB. Methods : We included infants admitted to the pediatric emergency of Hospital Sao Lucas (HSL) da PUCRS with AVB, aged less than 12 months, in the period between september 2009 to september 2011; and infants of the same age who did not have had AVB, recruited from the primary care center Bom Jesus. Samples were collected from capillary blood. DNA was extracted for genotyping of two polymorphisms (SNPs rs2227543 and rs2227307) in the IL-8 gene. Results : In the final genetic association sample, we included 115 cases and 64 controls. There was no significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The SNP rs2227543 showed significant protection for AVB, with lower frequency of homozygous TT patients in the control group (OR 0.25: CI 0.10 to 0.65). However, rs2227307 showed no association with AVB. Conclusion : This finding, together with the analysis of previous studies, suggests that the IL-8 polymorphism rs2227543 is associated with protection of the AVB and directly influences the severity of AVB in these infants

Introdu??o : At? os 2 anos de idade, praticamente, todos os lactentes apresentam infec??o por v?rus sincicial respirat?rio (VSR). Entretanto, a gravidade da bronquiolite viral aguda (BVA) pode variar significativamente. Essa grande varia??o pode ser causada por fatores gen?ticos e imunol?gicos. Estudos pr?vios indicam que vias a?reas infectadas por VSR cont?m n?veis elevados de interleucina-8 (IL-8). O conhecimento de polimorfismos gen?ticos associados ? BVA grave pode ter grande relev?ncia cl?nica, identificando pacientes de alto risco. M?todos : Foram inclu?dos lactentes internados na emerg?ncia pedi?trica do Hospital S?o Lucas (HSL) da PUCRS com BVA, idade menor de 12 meses, no per?odo entre setembro de 2009 a setembro de 2011, e lactentes da mesma faixa et?ria que n?o apresentaram BVA, recrutados junto ao Centro de Sa?de Bom Jesus (CSBJ). Foram coletadas amostras de sangue capilar. Desse material, foi extra?do DNA utilizado para genotipagem de 2 polimorfismos (SNPs rs2227543 e rs2227307) do gene IL-8. Resultados : Fazem parte da an?lise final do estudo de associa??o gen?tica 115 casos e 64 controles. N?o foi observado nenhum desvio significativo pelo m?todo do equil?brio de Hardy-Weinberg. O SNP rs2227543 mostrou uma prote??o significativa para BVA, apresentando frequ?ncia menor de homozigotos TT em pacientes do…

Advisors/Committee Members: Pinto, Leonardo Ara?jo.

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Submitted by Caroline Xavier ([email protected]) on 2017-07-04T17:46:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_STEPHANIE_WAGNER_GALLO_PARCIAL.pdf: 790698 bytes, checksum: 760c735fb69bbd136bd69c8c9ddfb82d (MD5)

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-04T17:46:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_STEPHANIE_WAGNER_GALLO_PARCIAL.pdf: 790698 bytes, checksum: 760c735fb69bbd136bd69c8c9ddfb82d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-27

Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)

Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii (ACB) complex comprises opportunistic and emerging pathogens that are responsible for several diseases, mainly affecting immunocompromised patients and those hospitalized in intensive care units. Therapeutic options for ACB infections are restricted, since these microorganisms are often resistant to most antimicrobials. In addition, these bacteria may also form persister cells, which constitute a small population of susceptible cells able to survive lethal concentrations of bactericidal antimicrobials and other stressors. This phenotype is associated with failure in antimicrobial therapy, especially in chronic and recurrent infections. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of persister cells from ACB complex isolates exposed to meropenem and/or polymyxin B, in biofilm and planktonic cells, as well as to analyze these cells regarding their morphology and identify expression patterns of proteins possibly involved in the formation and maintenance of persistence. For this, 20 clinical isolates were characterized for the ability to form biofilm on polystyrene surface, and for meropenem and polymyxin B susceptibility, by the assessment of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). All isolates were exposed to meropenem at different concentrations above the MIC, while five isolates were exposed to polymyxin B for the assessment of the persisters presence. For all experiments, in order to estimate the fraction of remaining cells, aliquots were removed at determined time points, followed by serial decimal dilutions and drop plating technique on nutrient agar. All isolates presented persisters at different proportions, in both culture conditions when exposed to meropenem or polymyxin B after 48 h. The higher fractions were verified in biofilm for both antimicrobials in comparison with planktonic cultures. Meropenem concentrations did not influence persisters levels. However, after polymyxin B exposure, persister cells fractions were dependent on the concentration employed. After 24 h polymyxin B exposure, a growth resumption of surviving cells was observed. These cells were again evaluated for susceptibility to this antimicrobial, remaining susceptible…

Advisors/Committee Members: Oliveira, Silvia Dias de, Ferreira, Carlos Alexandre Sanchez.

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Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS ([email protected]) on 2015-05-05T11:56:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 467970 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1347522 bytes, checksum: 93776b58ac05be71adf68fee7381621e (MD5)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-05T11:56:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 467970 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1347522 bytes, checksum: 93776b58ac05be71adf68fee7381621e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-06

CONTEXT : Probiotics have emerged as a promising intervention for the prevention of respiratory infections in children, according to several randomized controlled trials.OBJECTIVE : Critically assess the effect of probiotics on prevention of respiratory tract infections in children and adolescents.METHODS: Data Sources: Searches were conducted on February 24, 2014 in the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, SCIELO, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. The following combinations of terms were used: ?respiratory tract infections? AND probiotics. Study selection: Randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of probiotics on respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in children and adolescents were included. Studies involving children with chronic diseases or other pre-existing comorbidities and those that did not specifying the type of probiotic were excluded. Data extraction and Synthesis: Two reviewers, working independently, screened all titles and abstracts to identify studies that met the eligibility criteria. Pairwise and network analyses were performed to identify the effects of probiotics on respiratory infections. Main outcomes and Measures: Main and secondary outcomes were respiratory tract infections and adverse effects, respectively.RESULTS : Twenty-one trials with 6.603 participants were included. Direct comparison analysis suggested that Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus (LCA) was the only effective probiotic to the rate of respiratory infections compared to placebo (RR0.38; Crl 0.19-0.45). Network analysis showed that the Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus probiotic exhibited a 54.7% probability of being classified in first, while the probability of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (LFC) being last in the ranking was 15.3%. Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus showed no better effect compared to other probiotic strains by indirect analysis. CONCLUSION : This systematic review found a lack of evidence to support the effect of probiotic supplementation on the incidence rate of respiratory tract infections in children and adolescents.

INTRODU??O: Os probi?ticos ganhando espa?o como uma interven??o promissora para a preven??o de infec??es respirat?rias em crian?as e adolescentes, de acordo com v?rios ensaios cl?nicos randomizados controlados.OBJETIVOS : Avaliar criticamente o efeito de diferentes probi?ticos na preven??o de infec??es do trato respirat?rio em crian?as e adolescentes.M?TODOS : Busca dos dados: Foram realizadas buscas em 24 de fevereiro de 2014 nas seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, SCIELO, CINAHL, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram utilizadas as seguintes combina??es de…

Advisors/Committee Members: Jones, Marcus Herbert.

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Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS ([email protected]) on 2015-10-28T21:42:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 475919 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 381957 bytes, checksum: c63b236b74973994f585b6bd7db08855 (MD5)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-28T21:42:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 475919 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 381957 bytes, checksum: c63b236b74973994f585b6bd7db08855 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-29

Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

Introduction : Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a major cause of viral lower respiratory tract infection in children under two years of age. Memory CD8 T cell response to VSR does not provide an efficient and long-lasting immune response, so there are recurrent infections throughout life. The role of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and the purinergic receptor P2X7 in the memory CD8 T cell response during RSV infection has not been investigated. Objectives : To analize the effect of rapamycin on dendritic cells (DCs) during RSV infection, as well as to evaluate the role of P2X7 purinergic receptor in CD8 memory T cells response during RSV infection. Methodology : Bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) differentiated from C57BL/6 P2X7-/- and C57BL/6 mice were infected with VSR virus and used to activate T cells purified from C57BL/6 P2X7-/- and C57BL/6 mice in vitro for 96 hours. In addition, BMDCs differentiated from C57BL/6 mice received 20ng/ml rapamycin during 1h prior infection. The following parameters were evaluated: BMDC cell death by apoptosis, memory cells markers by flow cytometry and RNA viral quantitation was performed by real time PCR. Results : Rapamycin treatment in RSV infected BMDCs decreases the frequency of CD8+CD44high cells and increases the level of viral RNA in DCs, but the rapamycin does not affect the viability of the infected dendritic cells. Furthermore, when BMDCs were treated with rapamycin, an increase of BMDC survival occurred, depending on the contact with the T cells. The absence of purinergic receptor P2X7 in T cells leads to a decrease in the frequency of CD8+CD122+KLRG1-, however the absence of purinergic receptor in infected BMDCs increases the frequency of CD8+CD122+ KLRG1- T cells. Conclusion : Our study suggests that P2X7 receptor is involved in memory CD8 T cell response. In addition our data indicated that mTOR inhibition increases the survival of BMDCs in a mechanism dependent on T-cell contact and also suggests that rapamycin treatment on dendritic cells during VSR infection affect CD8 T cell differentiation.

Introdu??o : O V?rus Sincicial Respirat?rio (VSR) ? um dos principais causadores de infec??o viral do trato respirat?rio inferior em crian?as menores de dois anos de idade. A resposta de c?lulas T CD8 de mem?ria para VSR n?o apresenta uma resposta imune eficiente e duradoura, por isso s?o recorrentes as infec??es durante a vida. At? o momento n?o se tem o conhecimento sobre o envolvimento do mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) e do receptor purin?rgico P2X7 na resposta de…

Advisors/Committee Members: Souza, Ana Paula Duarte de, Morrone, Fernanda Bueno.

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Submitted by Hiolanda R??go ([email protected]) on 2014-07-03T17:15:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Enf_Ninalva Santos.pdf: 1617079 bytes, checksum: 37b7e77360cb47a9148de6ec3ebcd92f (MD5)

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FAPESB;CAPES

A investiga????o baseia-se no pressuposto de que o cuidado de enfermagem ??s mulheres que vivem com o HIV/aids, em unidade ambulatorial especializada, contribui para o enfrentamento da infec????o/doen??a. Trata-se de pesquisa quantiqualitativa fundamentada na Teoria das Representa????es Sociais, com os objetivos de analisar o conte??do das representa????es sobre o cuidado de enfermagem e apreender as Representa????es Sociais de mulheres que vivem com o HIV/ aids sobre aids e HIV. Ap??s aprova????o do projeto pelo CEP/UFBA foram investigadas, entre julho a dezembro de 2012, 50 mulheres que vivem com o HIV/ aids, cadastradas em unidades ambulatoriais especializadas, situadas em Salvador-BA. A produ????o dos dados se deu pela aplica????o do Teste de Associa????o Livre de Palavras e da entrevista. O material produzido foi submetido ao processamento, pelo software Tri- Deux-Most, e atrav??s da An??lise Fatorial de Correspond??ncia evidenciadas as representa????es de medo, morte, doen??a maldita, incur??vel, discrimina????o, tratamento, magreza e grupos de risco para os est??mulos indutores HIV e aids. O conte??do das entrevistas foi analisado pela t??cnica de An??lise de Conte??do Tem??tica. A articula????o entre as informa????es atrav??s das duas t??cnicas resultou na elabora????o das categorias tem??ticas: 1. A import??ncia da informa????o para a preven????o do HIV/ aids e o enfrentamento da infec????o/doen??a; 2. Repercuss??es da discrimina????o social no cotidiano das pessoas que vivem com o HIV/ aids; 3. O (des)cuidar de enfermagem para o enfrentamento da infec????o pelo HIV/ aids. Os dados revelaram: inseguran??a pela maioria das participantes quanto ao conhecimento sobre o agravo; impacto diante da revela????o da soropositividade com manifesta????es de emo????es negativas; situa????es de viol??ncia institucional cometidas por profissionais de sa??de; invisibilidade do cuidado de enfermagem em unidade ambulatorial; pouca visibilidade para a????es de cuidado de enfermagem, inclusive a divulga????o de informa????es; discrimina????o dificulta o enfrentamento da infec????o/doen??a; lacuna entre o cuidado de enfermagem idealizado pelas participantes e a pr??xis do cuidar realizado por estes profissionais. As representa????es do grupo estudado sobre o HIV/ aids evidenciam a necessidade de redirecionamento da pr??tica de enfermagem pautada no princ??pio da humaniza????o da assist??ncia, visando ao atendimento das…

Advisors/Committee Members: Paiva, Mirian Santos, Paiva, Mirian Santos, Silva, Leila Rangel, Teixeira, Marizete Argolo, Carvalho, Evanilda Souza de Santana, Oliveira, Jeane Ferreira de, Veiga, K??tia Concei????o Guimar??es, N??brega, Sheva Maia.

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Submitted by P??s gradua????o Farm??cia ([email protected]) on 2017-05-30T20:18:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza, Joelma Nascimento de - Disserta????o.pdf: 1809669 bytes, checksum: 95ca7ce225516b72a2282e9e3a7cd65e (MD5)

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T17:34:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza, Joelma Nascimento de - Disserta????o.pdf: 1809669 bytes, checksum: 95ca7ce225516b72a2282e9e3a7cd65e (MD5)

The human strongyloidiasis is mainly caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, a parasite that infects about 100 million people worldwide. Usually, the infections caused by S. stercoralis are chronic and asymptomatic and may persist for decades undiagnosed. However, in immunocompromised individuals, the infection can cause hyperinfection and / or dissemination. Therefore, early diagnosis is essential to prevent the severe forms of the disease. The aims of this work were: (1) to evaluate the frequency of S. stercoralis infection in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) and infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), by spontaneous sedimentation (SS), Baermann-Moraes (BM) and agar plates culture methods (ACP) methods, (2) to perform specific IgG and IgE serological diagnosis by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), (3) to evaluate the presence of S. stercoralis infection and/or production of specific antibodies associated with the use of corticosteroids and (4) to follow up patients treatment with Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome (SHS). There were evaluated 75 patients with SLE, 20 patients infected with HIV and two patients with SHS. The frequency of intestinal parasites was 10.7% in the SLE group and 40% in the HIV group (p <0.05), whereas the frequency of S. stercoralis infection in SLE patients was 1.3% and 10% in HIV-infected patients. The sensitivity of the ELISA was 80% to detect IgG and 76.9% to IgE anti-S. stercoralis. Both assays presented the same specificity, of 96.7%. The frequency of IgG and IgE anti-S. stercoralis in patients with SLE was 16% and 28%, respectively. In patients with HIV, the frequency of specific antibodies was 10% for IgG and 20% for IgE. Eight patients (six with LES and two with HIV) were positive for both ELISAs. Among the patients with LES under corticotherapy, there were 75% (9/12) and 81% (17/21) positive for detection of IgG and IgE anti-S. stercoralis antibodies, respectively. While performing this work, two cases of hyperinfection were diagnosed: the first one was a leprosy patient under corticosteroid regimen and the second was a patient infected with HTLV-1. Both patients were initially treated with albendazole and after treatment failures, the patients were successfully treated with ivermectin. In one-year follow up of both patients was observed the cure of infection by parasitological and serological methods. A…

Advisors/Committee Members: Soares, Neci Matos, Lima, Fernanda Washington de Mendon??a, Cardoso, Luciana Santos.

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Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno ([email protected]) on 2015-11-17T23:09:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Anderson Final Corre??es Banca Impress?o.pdf: 1523045 bytes, checksum: 814474d8f39dbb0905905b6e3a5d0af2 (MD5)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-17T23:09:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Anderson Final Corre??es Banca Impress?o.pdf: 1523045 bytes, checksum: 814474d8f39dbb0905905b6e3a5d0af2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-23

After the discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), in the 1980s, the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) have changed over the years, mainly from the second half of the 1990s, with the emergence of new drugs for its treatment. Objective: to investigate the oral condition and the HIV infection condition factors associated in individuals living with HIV/Aids. Method: a cross-sectional, descriptive, exploratory study. Single examiner used a data collection instrument in Assistance Specialized Services (SAE - STD/HIV/Aids) users in three municipalities in the Bahia State. The information derived from primary data (interviews and oral clinical examination) and secondary data (clinical records). Socio-demographic, lifestyle and health condition characteristics, HIV/Aids infection and oral condition were researched. Individuals registered in these services, with age greater than or equal to eighteen years old, gender both and that participate accepted voluntarily in the research were evaluated. Sample size was determined by convenience, from the data collection availability time. For statistical analysis, the Stata 10 statistical package used, the Chi-square test was used for categorical variables, with 5% significance level. Results: preliminary results in 228 individuals showed that the majority was male gender, browns, with a mean age 41.6 years old and the average HIV infection diagnosis time was 5.4 years. The HIV/Aids infection condition, as assessed by CD4 T-lymphocyte count showed statistically significant association with: current occupation, antiretroviral drugs use duration, last viral load determination and intra-oral injury presence. As for the oral condition, in relation to dental caries, the following factors significantly associated: age, race, current occupation, family income, average number of cigarettes per day, total and / or partial prosthesis use, prosthesis dental use, gingivitis and flossing. For intra-oral lesion presence was associated with age, educational level, current smoking, antiretroviral medications duration, dosage last viral load last count CD4 + T lymphocytes, CD4/CD8 ratio, gingivitis , periodontitis and flossing. Regarding the periodontitis, the following factors were associated: sex, residence county, past smoking, current smoking and flossing. Conclusions: the preliminary findings point to association between socio-demographic, lifestyle characteristics and HIV infection condition and oral condition, suggesting the need for better understanding…

Advisors/Committee Members: Cerqueira, Eneida Moraes de Marc?lio.

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Submitted by Ramon Missias Moreira ([email protected]) on 2017-09-03T14:52:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Vers??o Final - AGOSTO.pdf: 8749020 bytes, checksum: 1b7b22bcbfd7c04eb63e947ae6fb6972 (MD5)

Rejected by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes ([email protected]), reason: Prezado Ramon, Favor observar as orienta????es que est??o acima dos campos para o correto preenchimento. Campo do autor, do orientador e dos participantes da banca - preencher com os nomes por completo; inserir o abstract e key-words. Sauda????es, UFBA/Faced/Biblioteca An??sio Teixeira Auxiliadora on 2017-09-05T11:26:57Z (GMT)

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Cada vez mais os professores universit??rios est??o transitando pelas redes sociais, especialmente no facebook, produzindo representa????es corporais com imagens de seu cotidiano. Para a compreens??o dessa realidade, numa perspectiva cr??tica e ampliada, surge como problema de pesquisa: como um grupo de professores universit??rios de cursos de Educa????o F??sica produz representa????es corporais no perfil do Facebook? Assim, esse estudo teve como objetivo geral apreender as representa????es corporais no facebook produzidas por professores universit??rios de cursos de Educa????o F??sica; e como objetivos espec??ficos: analisar os fatores associados a constru????o das representa????es corporais no facebook dos professores universit??rios de Educa????o F??sica; identificar as subjetividades corporais compartilhadas no facebook de professores universit??rios atrav??s das fotografias do perfil; compreender a rela????o do facebook na reconstru????o das subjetividades desses professores universit??rios de cursos de Educa????o F??sica; verificar as estrat??gias para gerenciamento das representa????es corporais no facebook desses professores universit??rios de cursos de Educa????o F??sica; descrever as caracter??sticas sociodemogr??ficas e profissionais desses professores universit??rios de cursos de Educa????o F??sica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida na rede social facebook, ancorada nos pressupostos da Cibercultura e da Teoria das Representa????es Sociais, com abordagem descritiva, anal??tica e explorat??ria, sob o vi??s da netnografia. Foram 12 participantes, 8 professores universit??rios brasileiros e 4 espanh??is. Por se tratar de pesquisa em redes sociais, se escolheu estrat??gias complementares de coleta e produ????o de dados: legendas, coment??rios e as pr??prias…

Advisors/Committee Members: Couto, Edvaldo Souza, Gir??ldez, V??ctor Arufe, Gomes, Henriette Ferreira, Ribeiro, Jos?? Carlos Santos, Sales, Zenilda Nogueira.

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Submitted by Programa de P??s-gradua????o em Ci??ncias da Sa??de ([email protected]) on 2017-09-28T13:14:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE Aline Muniz.pdf: 4528280 bytes, checksum: 1946bc2b7d10cc438a4d5f012ee6f207 (MD5)

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INTRODU????O: Leishmaniose cut??nea (LC) ?? a forma cl??nica mais comum causada por Leishmania braziliensis. Dez a 15% de indiv??duos sadios residentes em uma ??rea end??mica de Leishmania sem hist??ria pr??via de LC apresentam um teste intrad??rmico para o ant??geno sol??vel de leishmania (SLA) positivo e s??o considerados como tendo a forma subcl??nica (SC) da doen??a. Os mecanismos envolvidos no controle da infec????o SC por L. braziliensis s??o desconhecidos. OBJETIVO: Determinar fatores imunol??gicos associados com o desenvolvimento da infec????o subcl??nica ou da leishmaniose cut??nea (LC) em indiv??duos expostos ?? infec????o por Leishmania braziliensis. METODOLOGIA: Uma coorte de 308 contatos familiares (CF) de pacientes com LC, sem hist??ria de doen??a foi estabelecido em 2010 em uma ??rea end??mica de leishmaniose tegumentar. Os indiv??duos foram acompanhados por cinco anos e participaram de avalia????es cl??nicas e estudos imunol??gicos. A avalia????o da produ????o de IFN-?? e quimiocinas em culturas de sangue total estimuladas com ant??geno sol??vel de Leishmania (SLA) e o teste de intradermo rea????o de Montenegro (RM) foram realizados no in??cio do estudo (ano zero), ano dois e no ano quatro. A identifica????o das c??lulas produtoras de IFN-?? foi realizada por citometria de fluxo e foi determinada a capacidade dos mon??citos em controlar a infec????o por Leishmania. Durante todo o per??odo os indiv??duos foram monitorados para identificar o aparecimento de LC. RESULTADOS: A infec????o por L. braziliensis foi evidenciada em 118 (38,3%) indiv??duos. LC foi documentada em 45 (14,6%) indiv??duos, 101 (32,8%) apresentaram infec????o SC e 162 (52,6%) n??o tinham ind??cios de exposi????o ?? L. braziliensis. A raz??o de infec????o para a doen??a foi de 3,2:1 e apenas 3% dos indiv??duos que apresentaram apenas produ????o de IFN-?? adoeceram. Houve uma correla????o direta e uma concord??ncia razo??vel entre a RM e a produ????o de IFN-?? [??: 0,23 (95% IC: 0.12-0.35)]. Enquanto a produ????o de IFN-?? por c??lulas NK foi associada com prote????o, uma RM positiva n??o impediu o desenvolvimento da doen??a. Mon??citos de indiv??duos SC controlaram mais a infec????o do que mon??citos de indiv??duo com LC. Pode haver negativa????o tanto da RM quanto da produ????o de IFN-??. CONCLUS??ES: Prote????o contra a LC foi associada com a produ????o de IFN-?? por c??lulas NK, resultados do teste…

Advisors/Committee Members: Bacellar, Maria Ol??via Amado Ramos, Brodskyn, Claudia Ida, Oliveira, Ricardo Riccio, Santos, Silvane Maria Braga, Vieira, Leda Quercia, Jer??nimo, Selma Maria Bezerra.

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Capes

O estudo da participa????o ?? um tema cl??ssico da Ci??ncia Pol??tica. As tecnologias digitais viabilizaram novas formas de participa????o, promovendo profundas altera????es nos custos e no tempo necess??rios ao engajamento pol??tico. Em raz??o disso, a investiga????o dos condicionantes da web participa????o vem ganhando cada vez mais relev??ncia. No campo da participa????o eleitoral, no entanto, a literatura brasileira tem se dedicado, principalmente, ao exame dos mecanismos de uso das ferramentas da Internet por campanhas on-line, notadamente ao grau de ades??o de candidatos e partidos a essas tecnologias, bem como ?? an??lise de conte??dos publicados em plataformas digitais de m??dias sociais decorrentes da intera????o dos eleitores com fanpages de pol??ticos. Por sua vez, este trabalho traz uma contribui????o in??dita, investigando simultaneamente, pela primeira vez no Brasil, os condicionantes da participa????o eleitoral on-line e off-line atrav??s de pesquisa de opini??o domiciliar, a partir de uma amostra do eleitorado de Salvador. Suas investiga????es s??o dirigidas por tr??s objetivos principais: 1) Examinar o uso das Tecnologias da Informa????o e da Comunica????o (TICs), particularmente as plataformas digitais de m??dias sociais (Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, YouTube e Twitter), no processo de engajamento c??vico e participa????o pol??tica, durante as elei????es presidenciais brasileiras de 2014; 2) Medir o impacto das vari??veis sociodemogr??ficas (sexo, idade, escolaridade e renda familiar), atitudes pol??ticas (participa????o c??vica, interesse pol??tico e prefer??ncia partid??ria), uso da Internet (frequ??ncia de acesso e plataformas digitais) e consumo de m??dias (televis??o, jornais, revistas, r??dio etc.) na participa????o pol??tica on-line e offline do eleitorado, al??m do impacto de uma forma de participa????o sobre a outra; 3) Definir o perfil dos participantes e n??o participantes, estabelecer compara????es entre os padr??es e n??veis de participa????o e comprovar, a partir dos dados emp??ricos e an??lises estat??sticas multivariadas, se a participa????o on-line atrai novos atores ou refor??a a participa????o de ativistas tradicionais. Os principais resultados obtidos indicam que: 1) As ferramentas da Internet refor??aram a participa????o dos eleitores mais ativos em atividades presenciais de campanha e mobilizaram eleitores inativos para a…

Advisors/Committee Members: Jambeiro, Othon Fernando, Braga, S??rgio, Jambeiro, Othon Fernando, Dantas, Paulo F??bio, Borges, Jussara, Jos??, Emiliano.