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Delft University of Technology

1. Burgers, Iris (author). Novel Technology for Hydrogen Separation from Natural Gas using Pressure Swing Adsorption.

Degree: 2020, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a1ff79ef-2d91-4b57-a7e2-dcedeae2f8c3 

Australia has a high potential for production of renewable energy, such as wind and solar. Due to the stochastic operating conditions, excessively produced energy can be used to produce hydrogen by electrolysis to store the energy, known as power-to-gas. This hydrogen can be injected into the existing natural gas pipeline network, providing both storage and transport of hydrogen. There are many applications for hydrogen, however, this thesis focuses on the use of hydrogen for fuel cell cars. In order to use the hydrogen blended with the natural gas, a gas separation is required. Pressure swing adsorption is a commonly used technology to produce pure hydrogen, which exploits the adsorption of gases at high partial pressures. In this thesis, a PSA system is designed to separate a feed of 5 vol% and 10 vol% hydrogen mixed with natural gas at a pressure of 20 bar, and the economic feasibility of hydrogen supplied by a PSA system at a refuelling station is assessed and compared with other alternatives. The PSA separation is achieved with a 6 bed system, which consists of 4 pressure equalisation steps, to increase the product recovery, and repressurises the bed with the pure hydrogen product, to increase the purity. The adsorbent material is key in the design of a PSA system, which determines the operation performance and cost. Due to the large amount of gas components present in natural gas, a three-layered bed is designed. Activated carbon is selected as the main adsorbent layer, adsorbing methane, which is the main component in the gas mixture. Heavy hydrocarbons and CO2 adsorb very strongly on activated carbon; therefore, a pre-layer of silica gel is used to prevent accumulations of these gases. Silica gel has a linear isotherm for heavy hydrocarbons and CO2, which means the gas components will desorb at the desorption pressure. Lastly, a zeolite LiLSX layer is used for the adsorption of nitrogen. Process simulations are performed, focusing on the thickness of the pre-layer. No pre-layer results in accumulations of the heavy hydrocarbons on the activated carbon main layer, and thus reduces the available sites for methane to adsorb. This results in a low purity hydrogen product. When the pre-layer is too long, the total amount of activated carbon is reduced, and thus not enough adsorbent is available for the methane to adsorb. A thickness of 0.2 meter in a bed of 1.2 meter height is concluded to be ideal. It is concluded that an economically feasible design for a refuelling station with hydrogen supplied by a PSA system is proposed. Hydrogen can be dispensed to a fuel cell vehicle in the best case scenario for 14.79 with hydrogen originally produced by electrolysis, and for 12.14 for hydrogen originally produced by SMR without CCS. The final hydrogen price (including hydrogen supply, compression, storage, and dispensing) is compared to two other hydrogen supply methods: on-site electrolysis and tube-trailer transported hydrogen. Currently, PSA supplied hydrogen is a more economical option, especially if the hydrogen… Advisors/Committee Members: Goetheer, E.L.V. (mentor), Webley, Paul (mentor), Xiao, Penny (mentor), de Jong, W. (graduation committee), Ramdin, M. (graduation committee), Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution), University of Melbourne (degree granting institution).

Subjects/Keywords: Hydrogen; Pressure swing adsorption; Hydrogen refuelling station

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6th Edition):

Burgers, I. (. (2020). Novel Technology for Hydrogen Separation from Natural Gas using Pressure Swing Adsorption. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a1ff79ef-2d91-4b57-a7e2-dcedeae2f8c3

Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):

Burgers, Iris (author). “Novel Technology for Hydrogen Separation from Natural Gas using Pressure Swing Adsorption.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed January 19, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a1ff79ef-2d91-4b57-a7e2-dcedeae2f8c3.

MLA Handbook (7th Edition):

Burgers, Iris (author). “Novel Technology for Hydrogen Separation from Natural Gas using Pressure Swing Adsorption.” 2020. Web. 19 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Burgers I(. Novel Technology for Hydrogen Separation from Natural Gas using Pressure Swing Adsorption. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 19]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a1ff79ef-2d91-4b57-a7e2-dcedeae2f8c3.

Council of Science Editors:

Burgers I(. Novel Technology for Hydrogen Separation from Natural Gas using Pressure Swing Adsorption. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2020. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a1ff79ef-2d91-4b57-a7e2-dcedeae2f8c3

2. Παπανικολάου, Ευθυμία. Μοντελοποίηση διασποράς υδρογόνου και άλλων ανωστικών αερίων σε κλειστούς χώρους με τη μεθοδολογία της υπολογιστικής ρευστομηχανικής.

Degree: 2011, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA); Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο (ΕΜΠ)

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/33189 

This thesis presents the assessment and validation of the Computational Fluid Dynamics code ADREA-HF to H2 release and dispersion in enclosures. Numerical studies of experiments of H2 (or He for safety reasons) release and dispersion in enclosures with natural ventilation are presented with the aim to assess the predictions of the turbulence models and the effects of numerical practises in general such as the characteristics of the grid and the boundary conditions applied, to propose best practise guidelines. Additionally, the thesis proposes an overall assessment of the ventilation efficiency based on the simulations and experiments and compares the predictions of the ventilation rates by means of simplified relationships and CFD results. Applications of the code into realistic scenarios in complex geometries are given next. In this part, the effect of the H2 release direction with respect to the obstacles and the wind to the temporal and spatial H2 distribution in refueling stations is being investigated. Furthermore, a Risk Assessment methodology on a predefined hypothetical gaseous H2 refuelling station is described giving emphasis to the quantitative analysis performed using the ADREA-HF code. The most influential, to the risk, parameter was the characteristics of the H2 release. Moreover, large differences were found in the evaluation of the risk in terms of distances of damage by using the results of the widely applied to the industry simplified tool Effects 7.6 and the CFD code ADREA-HF. Comparisons of CFD codes and simpified models is necessary in order to identify and quantify the application limits and the accuracy of each methodology. Finally, it is strongly suggested to propose a harmonized methodology for risk assessment analysis in order to safely introduce H2 as an energy carrier to the market

Σ’ αυτήν τη διατριβή παρουσιάζεται ο έλεγχος της αξιοπιστίας και καταλληλότητας του υπολογιστικού κώδικα CFD ADREA-HF για τη μελέτη σεναρίων έκλυσης και διασποράς Η2 σε κλειστούς χώρους. Παρουσιάζονται υπολογιστικές μελέτες πειραμάτων έκλυσης και διασποράς Η2 (ή He ως υποκατάστατο για λόγους ασφάλειας) σε κλειστούς χώρους με φυσικό αερισμό παρουσία εμποδίων με στόχο τόσο την εκτίμηση των προβλέψεων των μοντέλων τύρβης όσο σε γενικότερο πλαίσιο, τη μελέτη της επίδρασης των υπολογιστικών πρακτικών όπως τα χαρακτηριστικά του πλέγματος και οι οριακές συνθήκες προκειμένου να προταθούν οδηγίες καλής πρακτικής. Επιπλέον, παρουσιάζεται μια γενική εκτίμηση του φυσικού αερισμού και συγκρίνονται οι μέθοδοι υπολογισμού του με τη χρήση απλοποιημένων μοντέλων και υπολογιστικών μεθόδων. Στην δεύτερη ενότητα παρουσιάζονται εφαρμογές του κώδικα ADREA-HF σε ρεαλιστικά σενάρια με πολύπλοκες γεωμετρίες. Μελετάται η επίδραση του προσανατολισμού της έκλυσης σε σχέση με τα εμπόδια στο χώρο και αυτή του ανέμου στη χωρική και χρονική κατανομή του Η2, σεναρίων σε σταθμούς ανεφοδιασμού. Παρουσιάζεται επίσης μια μελέτη εκτίμησης του κινδύνου ενός σταθμού ανεφοδιασμού Η2 με έμφαση στην ποσοτική ανάλυση των επιπτώσεων των ατυχημάτων με τη…

Subjects/Keywords: Υδρογόνο; Ανωστικά αέρια; Υπολογιστική ρευστομηχανική; Κλειστοί χώροι; Μελέτη εκτίμησης κινδύνου; Φυσικός αερισμός; Έκλυση και διασπορά; Σταθμός ανεφοδιασμού; Hydrogen; Buoyant gases; Computational fluid dynamics CFD; Enclosure; Risk assessment; Natural ventilation; Release and dispersion; Refuelling station

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6th Edition):

Παπανικολάου, . . (2011). Μοντελοποίηση διασποράς υδρογόνου και άλλων ανωστικών αερίων σε κλειστούς χώρους με τη μεθοδολογία της υπολογιστικής ρευστομηχανικής. (Thesis). National Technical University of Athens (NTUA); Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο (ΕΜΠ). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/33189

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):

Παπανικολάου, Ευθυμία. “Μοντελοποίηση διασποράς υδρογόνου και άλλων ανωστικών αερίων σε κλειστούς χώρους με τη μεθοδολογία της υπολογιστικής ρευστομηχανικής.” 2011. Thesis, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA); Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο (ΕΜΠ). Accessed January 19, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/33189.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7th Edition):

Παπανικολάου, Ευθυμία. “Μοντελοποίηση διασποράς υδρογόνου και άλλων ανωστικών αερίων σε κλειστούς χώρους με τη μεθοδολογία της υπολογιστικής ρευστομηχανικής.” 2011. Web. 19 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Παπανικολάου . Μοντελοποίηση διασποράς υδρογόνου και άλλων ανωστικών αερίων σε κλειστούς χώρους με τη μεθοδολογία της υπολογιστικής ρευστομηχανικής. [Internet] [Thesis]. National Technical University of Athens (NTUA); Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο (ΕΜΠ); 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/33189.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Παπανικολάου . Μοντελοποίηση διασποράς υδρογόνου και άλλων ανωστικών αερίων σε κλειστούς χώρους με τη μεθοδολογία της υπολογιστικής ρευστομηχανικής. [Thesis]. National Technical University of Athens (NTUA); Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο (ΕΜΠ); 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/33189

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

.