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University of Michigan
1.
Ortiz-Soto, Elliott Alexander.
Combustion Modeling of Spark Assisted Compression Ignition for Experimental Analysis and Engine System Simulations.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2013, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/102314 
► Advanced combustion strategies provide significant efficiency and emissions benefits compared to conventional spark ignited (SI) combustion, but challenges related to combustion control and load limits…
(more)
▼ Advanced combustion strategies provide significant efficiency and emissions benefits compared to conventional
spark ignited (
SI) combustion, but challenges related to combustion control and load limits have made these technologies difficult to implement in practical systems. Until now, low cost reduced order models necessary for large parametric and multi-cycle studies capable of accurately capturing the full range of combustion modes from
homogeneous charge compression ignition (
HCCI) and
spark-assisted
compression ignition (SACI) to
SI have not been available. This important computational gap for advanced combustion engine research was the primary motivation for this doctoral work. The outcomes of this study include powerful new tools to evaluate advanced combustion strategies as well as novel methods to incorporate important advanced combustion characteristics into reduced order models.
A reduced order thermodynamic model of advanced SACI combustion was first proposed. The model was used with available experimental data and previous high fidelity simulation results to develop a new empirical auto-
ignition burn rate model that captures the effects of
ignition timing, composition, temperature, pressure, engine speed, stratification and flame propagation.
A complete engine model was then developed and incorporated into the commercial simulation software GT-Power. The model included chemical kinetics for low temperature heat release and auto-
ignition detection and the empirical burn rate model for post-
ignition heat release, as well as a new flame propagation model with improved physical groundings. The calibrated engine model showed good agreement with experimental trends of
HCCI, SACI and
SI combustion modes.
The engine model was then used to assess practical strategies for accessing the advanced combustion regime and improving engine efficiency. The results showed
HCCI and SACI provide a pathway for significant efficiency benefits compared to throttled
SI, with efficiency improvements between 15-25% across a range of loads from 1-7 bar BMEP. Further efficiency gains appear possible beyond the experimentally observed SACI limit.
As a further exercise, the load extension potential of boosted SACI combustion was conceptually investigated using a simple thermodynamic framework incorporating the empirical burn rate model and practical operating constraints. The results indicate boosted SACI can nearly double the maximum engine load compared to naturally aspirated operation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wooldridge, Margaret S. (committee member), Assanis, Dionissios N. (committee member), Fidkowski, Krzysztof J. (committee member), Martz, Jason Brian (committee member), Lavoie, George A. (committee member), Babajimopoulos, Aristotelis (committee member), Borgnakke, Claus (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Spark Assisted Compression Ignition, Saci; Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition, Hcci, Spark Ignition, Si, Knock; Advanced Combustion Engines; Combustion Modeling; Engine Simulation; Efficiency, Fuel Economy, Load Extension, Load Expansion; Mechanical Engineering; Engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Ortiz-Soto, E. A. (2013). Combustion Modeling of Spark Assisted Compression Ignition for Experimental Analysis and Engine System Simulations. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/102314
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ortiz-Soto, Elliott Alexander. “Combustion Modeling of Spark Assisted Compression Ignition for Experimental Analysis and Engine System Simulations.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/102314.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ortiz-Soto, Elliott Alexander. “Combustion Modeling of Spark Assisted Compression Ignition for Experimental Analysis and Engine System Simulations.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ortiz-Soto EA. Combustion Modeling of Spark Assisted Compression Ignition for Experimental Analysis and Engine System Simulations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/102314.
Council of Science Editors:
Ortiz-Soto EA. Combustion Modeling of Spark Assisted Compression Ignition for Experimental Analysis and Engine System Simulations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/102314
University of Michigan
2.
Natarajan, Vinod Kumar.
Spark -assisted compression ignition: An experimental investigation into how spark ignition advances combustion phasing in gasoline HCCI engines.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical engineering, 2006, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126242
► Implementation of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion in gasoline engines, while operating with improved fuel economy and reduced NOx emissions, is limited by the…
(more)
▼ Implementation of
homogeneous charge compression ignition (
HCCI) combustion in gasoline engines, while operating with improved fuel economy and reduced NOx emissions, is limited by the inability to control combustion phasing.
Spark-assisted
compression ignition (SACI) is a mechanism that controls
HCCI combustion phasing, using
spark ignition to advance the onset of
compression ignition (CI). SACI was employed at two light-load operating points (200 kPa and 300 kPa IMEP at fueling rates of 7 and 10 mg per cycle, respectively) to advance the phasing of a marginally-stable
HCCI operating point. At the lower load, stratification by means of direct injection of 3 mg fuel at the time of
spark ignition was required to advance phasing using SACI. At the higher load, robust SACI operation required less stratification (late injection of 1 mg). NOx emissions increased two- and four-fold in SACI relative to
HCCI operation at the lower and higher load, respectively; this increase was shown to result primarily from the stratification. This study identified two issues confounding SACI, only observed at the lower load: cyclic variability in CI combustion phasing and inability to sufficiently advance phasing. To address these issues, new metrics were created in this study to identify four stages of the SACI combustion process:
spark discharge, early kernel growth (EKG), flame propagation, and CI. Experiments were performed using an optical
HCCI engine to simultaneously acquire steady-state emissions, in-cylinder pressure data,
spark-discharge current and voltage waveforms, images of the plasma channel, and images of combustion chemiluminescence from two orthogonal views at sub-crank-angle resolution; these measurements were used to identify the four stages for each engine cycle and thereby the cyclic variability of each stage. It was concluded that cyclic variability in the EKG, the period of low flame growth-rate and weak chemiluminescence, was the dominant cause of cyclic variability in combustion phasing. Also, findings indicated only a weak correlation between the creation of large kernels and motion of the plasma channel away from the
spark gap. At the higher load, robust flame propagation immediately followed the
spark discharge. It was inferred that local fuel/air distribution affected the transition to flame propagation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sick, Volker (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Advances; Combustion; Engines; Experimental; Gasoline; Hcci; Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition; How; Investigation; Phasing; Spark Ignition; Spark-assisted Compression Ignition; Spark-ignition
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APA (6th Edition):
Natarajan, V. K. (2006). Spark -assisted compression ignition: An experimental investigation into how spark ignition advances combustion phasing in gasoline HCCI engines. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126242
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Natarajan, Vinod Kumar. “Spark -assisted compression ignition: An experimental investigation into how spark ignition advances combustion phasing in gasoline HCCI engines.” 2006. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126242.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Natarajan, Vinod Kumar. “Spark -assisted compression ignition: An experimental investigation into how spark ignition advances combustion phasing in gasoline HCCI engines.” 2006. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Natarajan VK. Spark -assisted compression ignition: An experimental investigation into how spark ignition advances combustion phasing in gasoline HCCI engines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2006. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126242.
Council of Science Editors:
Natarajan VK. Spark -assisted compression ignition: An experimental investigation into how spark ignition advances combustion phasing in gasoline HCCI engines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126242
University of Alberta
3.
Schramm, Alexander E.
Effects of Negative Valve Overlap on HCCI Combustion and its
use in the Control of HCCI Combustion Timing.
Degree: MS, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014, University of Alberta
URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/x920fx024
► Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion can produce higher efficiencies and lower emissions when compared to tradition spark or compression ignition engines. This study reports…
(more)
▼ Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI)
combustion can produce higher efficiencies and lower emissions when
compared to tradition spark or compression ignition engines. This
study reports an experimental investigation into the effects of
valve timings on HCCI combustion conditions. Using a single
cylinder engine with state-of-the-art electromagnetic variable
valve timing (EVVT) fully independent valves, a series of tests are
conducted with varying negative valve overlap (NVO). The
in-cylinder residual trapped by the NVO causes an advance in
combustion timing, a shortening of burn duration as well as
increase in load and increase in brake specific fuel consumption.
Asymmetric valve timings are also investigated and show complex
behavior with high sensitivity of combustion timing in certain
operating ranges. Finally, these strategies are implemented as a
set of feedback controllers including a proportional-integral (PI)
controller and a feedforward with integral action controller. Both
controllers have good tracking for step changes in combustion
timing setpoint with the feedforward controller providing a rise
time of just four cycles.
Subjects/Keywords: Valve Timing; Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition; NVO; Control; Negative Valve Overlap; HCCI
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APA (6th Edition):
Schramm, A. E. (2014). Effects of Negative Valve Overlap on HCCI Combustion and its
use in the Control of HCCI Combustion Timing. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/x920fx024
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Schramm, Alexander E. “Effects of Negative Valve Overlap on HCCI Combustion and its
use in the Control of HCCI Combustion Timing.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/x920fx024.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Schramm, Alexander E. “Effects of Negative Valve Overlap on HCCI Combustion and its
use in the Control of HCCI Combustion Timing.” 2014. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Schramm AE. Effects of Negative Valve Overlap on HCCI Combustion and its
use in the Control of HCCI Combustion Timing. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/x920fx024.
Council of Science Editors:
Schramm AE. Effects of Negative Valve Overlap on HCCI Combustion and its
use in the Control of HCCI Combustion Timing. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 2014. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/x920fx024
University of Bradford
4.
Ghomashi, Hossein.
Modelling the combustion in a dual fuel HCCI engine : investigation of knock, compression ratio, equivalence ratio and timing in a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine with natural gas and diesel fuels using modelling and simulation.
Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Bradford
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7344
► This thesis is about modelling of the combustion and emissions of dual fuel HCCI engines for design of “engine combustion system”. For modelling the combustion…
(more)
▼ This thesis is about modelling of the combustion and emissions of dual fuel HCCI engines for design of “engine combustion system”. For modelling the combustion first the laminar flamelet model and a hybrid Lagrangian / Eulerian method are developed and implemented to provide a framework for incorporating detailed chemical kinetics. This model can be applied to an engine for the validation of the chemical kinetic mechanism. The chemical kinetics, reaction rates and their equations lead to a certain formula for which the coefficients can be obtained from different sources, such as NASA polynomials [1]. This is followed by study of the simulation results and significant findings. Finally, for investigation of the knock phenomenon some characteristics such as compression ratio, fuel equivalence ratio, spark timing and their effects on the performance of an engine are examined and discussed. The OH radical concentration (which is the main factor for production of knock) is evaluated with regard to adjustment of the above mentioned characteristic parameters. In the second part of this work the specification of the sample engine is given and the results obtained from simulation are compared with experimental results for this sample engine, in order to validate the method applied in AVL Fire software. This method is used to investigate and optimize the effects of parameters such as inlet temperature, fuels ratio, diesel fuel injection timing, engine RPM and EGR on combustion in a dual fuel HCCI engine. For modelling the dual fuel HCCI engine AVL FIRE software is applied to simulate the combustion and study the optimization of a combustion chamber design. The findings for the dual fuel HCCI engine show that the mixture of methane and diesel fuel has a great influence on an engine's power and emissions. Inlet air temperature has also a significant role in the start of combustion so that inlet temperature is a factor in auto-ignition. With an increase of methane fuel, the burning process will be more rapid and oxidation becomes more complete. As a result, the amounts of CO and HC emissions decrease remarkably. With an increase of premixed ratio beyond a certain amount, NOX emissions decrease. With pressure increases markedly and at high RPM, knock phenomenon is observed in HCCI combustion.
Subjects/Keywords: 621.43; Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine, Dual fuel, Diesel, Gas, Modelling, Emission, Simulation, Combustion
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Ghomashi, H. (2013). Modelling the combustion in a dual fuel HCCI engine : investigation of knock, compression ratio, equivalence ratio and timing in a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine with natural gas and diesel fuels using modelling and simulation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Bradford. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7344
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ghomashi, Hossein. “Modelling the combustion in a dual fuel HCCI engine : investigation of knock, compression ratio, equivalence ratio and timing in a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine with natural gas and diesel fuels using modelling and simulation.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bradford. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7344.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ghomashi, Hossein. “Modelling the combustion in a dual fuel HCCI engine : investigation of knock, compression ratio, equivalence ratio and timing in a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine with natural gas and diesel fuels using modelling and simulation.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ghomashi H. Modelling the combustion in a dual fuel HCCI engine : investigation of knock, compression ratio, equivalence ratio and timing in a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine with natural gas and diesel fuels using modelling and simulation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Bradford; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7344.
Council of Science Editors:
Ghomashi H. Modelling the combustion in a dual fuel HCCI engine : investigation of knock, compression ratio, equivalence ratio and timing in a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine with natural gas and diesel fuels using modelling and simulation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Bradford; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7344
Anna University
5.
Ganesh D.
A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI
combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture
formation;.
Degree: 2013, Anna University
URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11426
► Conventional diesel engines operate at higher compression ratios than SI engines. In this type of engine, the air-fuel mixture auto-ignites because of piston compression instead…
(more)
▼ Conventional diesel engines operate at higher
compression ratios than SI engines. In this type of engine, the
air-fuel mixture auto-ignites because of piston compression instead
of ignition by spark plug. These processes effectively limit the
rate of combustion. The in-cylinder temperature in a conventional
diesel engine is about 2700 K, which leads to a significant
production of Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) emissions. For diesel
engines, a trade-off made between NOx and soot. After treatment
systems are used in the modern day engines which are expensive.
Consequently, the obvious ideal combination would be to find an
engine type with high efficiency as that of diesel engines and very
low emissions as that of gasoline engines with catalytic
converters. One such technology is homogeneous charge compression
ignition (HCCI). In the present work, homogeneous mixture was
prepared outside the combustion chamber (External mixture
formation) by using Ultrasonic fuel injection (USFI) system and
Diesel fuel vapouriser system. The key to the external mixture
formation method with diesel is proper fuel preparation. In the
first approach, the Ultra sonic atomiser receives diesel fuel in
liquid state and by means of ultrasonic vibration energy, performs
work on the fuel, transforming it to a highly atomised state and
then effectively mixing with air to form a more uniform fuel- air
mixture. Similarly, in the second approach, the Diesel fuel
vapouriser receives fuel in liquid state and it converts into
vapour form by means of an external power source, and effectively
mixes with the incoming air to form a uniform fuel-air mixture. The
experimental results show that, NOx and smoke reduces by about 80 %
and 92 % respectively with USFI system. Whereas, in Diesel fuel
vapouriser (DFV) system, the NOx and smoke reduction is about 95 %
and 83 % respectively. The engine operated from no load to 75 %
load without any problem in the case of diesel fuel vaporiser
system, whereas in USFI system the engine operated between 25% to
75% load on
Appendices 1 to 7; pp. 125-132
Advisors/Committee Members: Nagarajan, G..
Subjects/Keywords: Homogeneous charge compression ignition(HCCI); diesel
fuel; oxides of nitrogen; ultrasonic fuel injection(USFI); external
mixture formaiton
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
D, G. (2013). A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI
combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture
formation;. (Thesis). Anna University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11426
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
D, Ganesh. “A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI
combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture
formation;.” 2013. Thesis, Anna University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11426.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
D, Ganesh. “A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI
combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture
formation;.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
D G. A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI
combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture
formation;. [Internet] [Thesis]. Anna University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11426.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
D G. A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI
combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture
formation;. [Thesis]. Anna University; 2013. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11426
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Missouri University of Science and Technology
6.
Massey, Jeffery A.
Development of a simple vibration model for predicting the structural dynamics of an HCCI engine.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology
URL: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/20
► "The hypothesis tested in this work is that the surface vibration and radiated sound of an engine operating under HCCI combustion is dominated by…
(more)
▼ "The hypothesis tested in this work is that the surface vibration and radiated sound of an engine operating under HCCI combustion is dominated by the free vibration response of the engine's structural components to an impulsive loading brought about by the rapid energy release of the HCCI combustion process. Recent work by the author has shown that classical vibration theory describing the dynamic response of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) oscillator may capture the major characteristics of the engine surface vibrations. Through an experimental investigation of HCCI combustion engine dynamics this model has been developed further.
A band level analysis of measured engine noise was employed to determine whether low or high frequency oscillations were dominating the acoustic signature of the engine. The results of the band level analysis showed that the combustion behavior associated with the energy release process occurring in the bulk gas dominates the radiated engine noise when compared to the high frequency gas resonant oscillations.
Using an impact hammer technique it was found that the vibration frequencies of oscillation measured on the engine surface do not govern the oscillation frequencies measured during combustion. However it was also found that the oscillation frequencies excited during combustion for all vertical velocity measurement locations were relatively constant regardless of engine firing condition. This result indicates that the frequencies are still governed by constant dynamic properties of the engine however this work has shown they are not local surface vibration modes.
An in-depth analysis of the relation between the cylinder pressure power spectral density (PSD) and measured velocity PSD for various velocity measurement locations was undertaken. It was found the form of the cylinder pressure spectral energy directly modulated the surface velocity spectral energy indicative of a shock loading to the system. It was also found that peak HRR is a good indicator of combustion noise level in an HCCI engine. An analytical model based on the SDOF theory was developed to predict relative levels of HCCI combustion induced vibration metrics. This model provides the crucial link between the engine combustion and dynamic properties necessary for modeling of HCCI engine combustion noise" – Abstract, page iii.
Subjects/Keywords: Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI); Mechanical Engineering
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Massey, J. A. (n.d.). Development of a simple vibration model for predicting the structural dynamics of an HCCI engine. (Doctoral Dissertation). Missouri University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/20
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Massey, Jeffery A. “Development of a simple vibration model for predicting the structural dynamics of an HCCI engine.” Doctoral Dissertation, Missouri University of Science and Technology. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/20.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Massey, Jeffery A. “Development of a simple vibration model for predicting the structural dynamics of an HCCI engine.” Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Vancouver:
Massey JA. Development of a simple vibration model for predicting the structural dynamics of an HCCI engine. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Missouri University of Science and Technology; [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/20.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Council of Science Editors:
Massey JA. Development of a simple vibration model for predicting the structural dynamics of an HCCI engine. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Missouri University of Science and Technology; Available from: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/20
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
University of Michigan
7.
Hamosfakidis, Vasileios.
A two conserved scalar model for HCCI and PPCI engine applications.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical engineering, 2007, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126432
► There is a strong demand for a versatile computational model in the design of modern engines such as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) and partially…
(more)
▼ There is a strong demand for a versatile computational model in the design of modern engines such as
homogeneous charge compression ignition (
HCCI) and partially premixed
compression ignition (PPCI) engines. A robust model is required to describe accurately both the chemistry and turbulent mixing processes in the reacting flow. Although the existing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes coupled with detailed kinetics models may reproduce some realistic results, the excessive computational cost prevents them to be applicable as engineering tools. The present study aims at developing a new modeling approach that can describe the combustion process with high fidelity and computational efficiency. In this study, a two-conserved scalar approach is proposed to model
HCCI and PPCI combustion. The first conserved scalar, the mixture fraction Z, is introduced to capture the inhomogeneities in the fuel-air mixture, and the second conserved scalar, the initial EGR fraction J, is introduced to capture the inhomogeneities in the fresh mixture-EGR
charge. The main benefits of this approach are the reduction of dimensionality and the compactness of the domain in the conserved scalar plane, and the capability to use different resolutions for the chemistry and the fluid mechanics calculation. To solve the flow in the conserved scalar plane, two algorithms are proposed. First, the flamelet (zone) creation strategy is introduced to discretize the conserved scalar space based on its mass distribution and reactivity. The second part is the regeneration procedure which accounts for the nonlinear effect of EGR on reaction rates. Test results from the two-conserved scalar approach are compared to those obtained by direct calculation, and it is demonstrated that the regeneration process in the present approach can properly account for the nonlinear effects arising from chemical reactions, as an improvement over the representative interactive flamelet (RIF) approach. The two conserved scalar model is subsequently implemented into the KIVA-3v code to simulate
HCCI combustion. The results show excellent agreement with experimental data, demonstrating that the present approach achieves the initial modeling objectives. Finally, the two conserved scalar approach is applied to the modeling of direct injection (DI) combustion with an assumption of non-
homogeneous EGR. Discrepancies relative to the results from direct calculations are identified. These are attributed to the limitation inherent to the flamelet model, and further improvements are suggested as future work.
Advisors/Committee Members: Assanis, Dionissios N. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Applications; Conserved; Engine; Hcci; Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition; Homogeneous Charge-compression Ignition; Model; Partially Premixed Compression Ignition; Ppci; Scalar; Two
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APA (6th Edition):
Hamosfakidis, V. (2007). A two conserved scalar model for HCCI and PPCI engine applications. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126432
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hamosfakidis, Vasileios. “A two conserved scalar model for HCCI and PPCI engine applications.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126432.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hamosfakidis, Vasileios. “A two conserved scalar model for HCCI and PPCI engine applications.” 2007. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Hamosfakidis V. A two conserved scalar model for HCCI and PPCI engine applications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126432.
Council of Science Editors:
Hamosfakidis V. A two conserved scalar model for HCCI and PPCI engine applications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126432
Loughborough University
8.
Beauquel, Julien A.
Numerical investigation on the in-cylinder flow with SI and CAI valve timings.
Degree: PhD, 2016, Loughborough University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/21548
► The principle of controlled auto-ignition (CAI) is to mix fuel and air homogeneously before compressing the mixture to the point of auto-ignition. As ignition occurs…
(more)
▼ The principle of controlled auto-ignition (CAI) is to mix fuel and air homogeneously before compressing the mixture to the point of auto-ignition. As ignition occurs simultaneously, CAI engines operate with lean mixtures preventing high cylinder pressures. CAI engines produce small amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOx) due to low combustion temperatures while maintaining high compression ratios and engine efficiencies. Due to simultaneous combustion and lean mixtures, CAI engines are restricted between low and mid load operations. Various strategies have been studied to improve the load limit of CAI engines. The scope of the project is to investigate the consequences of varying valve timing, as a method to control the mixture temperature within the combustion chamber and therefore, controlling the mixture auto-ignition point. This study presents computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling results of transient flow, inside a 0.45 litre Lotus single cylinder engine. After a validation process, a chemical kinetics model is combined with the CFD code, in order to study in-cylinder temperatures, the mixture distribution during compression and to predict the auto-ignition timing. The first part of the study focuses on validating the calculated in-cylinder velocities. A mesh sensitivity study is performed as well as a comparison of different turbulence models. A method to reduce computational time of the calculations is presented. The effects of engine speed on charge delay and charge amount inside the cylinder, the development of the in-cylinder flow field and the variation of turbulence parameters during the intake and compression stroke, are studied. The second part of the study focuses on the gasoline mixture and the variation of the valve timing, to retain different ratios of residual gases within the cylinder. After validation of the model, a final set of CFD calculations is performed, to investigate the effects of valve timing on flow and the engine parameters. The results are then compared to a fully homogeneous mixture model to study the benefits of varying valve duration. New key findings and contributions to CAI knowledge were found in this investigation. Reducing the intake and exhaust valve durations created a mixture temperature stratification and a fuel concentration distribution, prior to auto-ignition. It resulted in extending the heat release rate duration, improving combustion. However, shorter valve timing durations also showed an increase in heat transfer, pumping work and friction power, with a decrease of cylinder indicated efficiency. Valve timing, as a method to control auto-ignition, should only be used when the load limit of CAI engines, is to be improved.
Subjects/Keywords: 621.43; Computational fluid dynamics; CFD; Controlled auto ignition; CAI; Engine; Combustion; Chemical kinetics; Laser doppler anemometry; LDA; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; HCCI
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APA (6th Edition):
Beauquel, J. A. (2016). Numerical investigation on the in-cylinder flow with SI and CAI valve timings. (Doctoral Dissertation). Loughborough University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2134/21548
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Beauquel, Julien A. “Numerical investigation on the in-cylinder flow with SI and CAI valve timings.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Loughborough University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2134/21548.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Beauquel, Julien A. “Numerical investigation on the in-cylinder flow with SI and CAI valve timings.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Beauquel JA. Numerical investigation on the in-cylinder flow with SI and CAI valve timings. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Loughborough University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/21548.
Council of Science Editors:
Beauquel JA. Numerical investigation on the in-cylinder flow with SI and CAI valve timings. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Loughborough University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/21548
University of Michigan
9.
Chang, Kyoungjoon.
Modeling and analysis of an HCCI engine during thermal transients using a thermodynamic cycle simulation with a coupled wall thermal network.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical engineering, 2007, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126379
► This computational study addresses the unique characteristics of the strong coupling that exists between the thermal condition of the engine structure and the combustion in…
(more)
▼ This computational study addresses the unique characteristics of the strong coupling that exists between the thermal condition of the engine structure and the combustion in a
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (
HCCI) engine, with particular emphasis on the effects of thermal inertia and possible control strategies to compensate for the thermal non-equilibrium that occurs. The engine modeled is a single-cylinder
HCCI engine with a re-breathing exhaust valve configuration that utilizes a large amount of hot residual to increase thermal energy of the air-fuel mixture for auto-
ignition and to dilute it for preventing rapid heat release rate as well as to keep burned gas temperature low for NO
x control. The in-cylinder combustion and heat transfer, the gas exchange process through valves, and thermal inertia of the engine structures are considered simultaneously in order to fully investigate the
HCCI engine transient behavior. A system level engine model including original combustion and heat transfer models developed for the
HCCI engine was developed for this purpose. The original contribution of this study is the addition of a thermal network model that tracks the behavior of the engine's thermal boundaries during transient operation. The combustion and performance of an
HCCI engine were found to be very sensitive to the engine thermal conditions including intake air temperature, residual level and coolant temperature. In particular, the transient wall temperature excursions from steady-state values were shown to play a great role in determining the combustion characteristics by reducing or enhancing the wall heat transfer. A stable steady-state
HCCI operating range was defined and optimized for the best fuel economy by controlling the residual level, and possible shifts of the operating limits due to thermal transitions were studied. An original method was proposed to modulate the role of thermal inertia on auto-
ignition during transients by compensating for thermally non-equilibrium wall conditions to enhance robust control of
ignition timing in transient operation. A variable valve system was used for that purpose to control combustion phasing by optimizing residual level. The results were improved fuel economy while complying with
knock and misfire limits.
Advisors/Committee Members: Assanis, Dionissios N. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Analysis; Coupled; Engine; Hcci; Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition; Homogeneous Charge-compression Ignition; Modeling; Network; Simulation; Thermal Transients; Thermodynamic Cycle; Using; Wall
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APA (6th Edition):
Chang, K. (2007). Modeling and analysis of an HCCI engine during thermal transients using a thermodynamic cycle simulation with a coupled wall thermal network. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126379
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chang, Kyoungjoon. “Modeling and analysis of an HCCI engine during thermal transients using a thermodynamic cycle simulation with a coupled wall thermal network.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126379.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chang, Kyoungjoon. “Modeling and analysis of an HCCI engine during thermal transients using a thermodynamic cycle simulation with a coupled wall thermal network.” 2007. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Chang K. Modeling and analysis of an HCCI engine during thermal transients using a thermodynamic cycle simulation with a coupled wall thermal network. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126379.
Council of Science Editors:
Chang K. Modeling and analysis of an HCCI engine during thermal transients using a thermodynamic cycle simulation with a coupled wall thermal network. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/126379
Indian Institute of Science
10.
Pandey, Sunil Kumar.
Exploration And Assessment of HCCI Strategies for a Multi-Cylinder Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine.
Degree: PhD, Faculty of Engineering, 2017, Indian Institute of Science
URL: http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/2720
► Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion is an alternative combustion mode in which the fuel is homogeneously mixed with air and is auto-ignited by compression.…
(more)
▼ Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (
HCCI) combustion is an alternative combustion mode in which the fuel is homogeneously mixed with air and is auto-ignited by
compression. Due to
charge homogeneity, this mode is characterized by low equivalence ratios and temperatures giving simultaneously low nitric oxide (NOx) and soot in diesel engines. The conventional problem of NOx-soot trade-off is avoided in this mode due to absence of diffusion combustion. This mode can be employed at part load conditions while maintaining conventional combustion at high load thus minimizing regulatory cycle emissions and reducing cost of after-treatment systems. The present study focuses on achieving this mode in a turbocharged, common rail, direct injection, four-cylinder, heavy duty diesel engine. Specifically, the work involves a combination of three-dimensional CFD simulations and experiments on this engine to assess both traditional and novel strategies related to fuel injection.
The first phase of the work involved a quasi-dimensional simulation of the engine to assess potential of achieving
HCCI. This was done using a zero-dimensional, single-zone
HCCI combustion model with n-heptane skeletal chemistry along with a one-dimensional model of intake and exhaust systems. The feasibility of operation with realistic
knock values with high EGR rate of 60% was observed. The second aspect of the work involved three-dimensional CFD simulations of the in-cylinder process with wall film prediction to evaluate injection strategies associated with Early Direct Injection (EDI). The extended Coherent Flame Model-3Zone (ECFM-3Z) was employed for combustion simulation of conventional CI and EDI, and was validated with experimental in-cylinder pressure data from the engine. A new Uniformity Index (UI) parameter was defined to assess
charge homogeneity. Results showed significant in-homogeneity and presence of wall film for EDI. Simulations were conducted to assess improvement of
charge homogeneity by several strategies; narrow spray cone angle, injection timing, multiple injections, intake air heating, Port Fuel Injection (PFI) as well as combination of PFI and EDI. The maximum UI achieved by EDI was 0.78. The PFI strategy could achieve UI of 0.95; however, up to 50% of fuel remained trapped in the port after valve closure. This indicated that except EDI, none of the above-mentioned strategies could help achieve the benefits of the
HCCI mode.
The third part of the work involved engine experimentation to assess the EDI strategy. This strategy produced lower soot than that of conventional CI combustion with very short combustion duration, but led to high
knock and NOx which is attributed to pool fire burning phenomenon of the wall film, as confirmed by CFD. An Optimized EDI (OptimEDI) strategy was then developed based on results of CFD and Design of Experiments. The Optim EDI consisted of triple injections with split ratio of 41%-45%-14% and advancing the first injection. This strategy gave 20% NOx and soot reduction over the conventional CI…
Advisors/Committee Members: Ravikrishna, R V (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines (HCCI); Low Temperature Combustion; Multi-Cylinder Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines; Diesel Motor; Diesel Engines; Early Direct Injection; Air-Assisted Injection; Combustion; Diesel Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition; Diesel Fuels; Diesel-Fueled Engines; Fuel Injection; Internal Combustion Engines; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Mechanical Engineering
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Pandey, S. K. (2017). Exploration And Assessment of HCCI Strategies for a Multi-Cylinder Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine. (Doctoral Dissertation). Indian Institute of Science. Retrieved from http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/2720
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pandey, Sunil Kumar. “Exploration And Assessment of HCCI Strategies for a Multi-Cylinder Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Indian Institute of Science. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/2720.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pandey, Sunil Kumar. “Exploration And Assessment of HCCI Strategies for a Multi-Cylinder Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Pandey SK. Exploration And Assessment of HCCI Strategies for a Multi-Cylinder Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Indian Institute of Science; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/2720.
Council of Science Editors:
Pandey SK. Exploration And Assessment of HCCI Strategies for a Multi-Cylinder Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Indian Institute of Science; 2017. Available from: http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/2720
11.
André, Mathieu.
Potentiel de la combustion HCCI et injection précoce : Potential of HCCI combustion and early injection.
Degree: Docteur es, Mécanique et énergétique, 2010, Université d'Orléans
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE2051
► Depuis plusieurs années, l’une des problématiques sociétales est de diminuer les émissions de polluants et de gaz à effet de serre dans l’atmosphère. Le secteur…
(more)
▼ Depuis plusieurs années, l’une des problématiques sociétales est de diminuer les émissions de polluants et de gaz à effet de serre dans l’atmosphère. Le secteur du transport terrestre est directement concerné par ces considérations. Le moteur Diesel semble promis à un bel avenir grâce à son rendement supérieur à celui du moteur à allumage commandé, conduisant à de plus faibles rejets de CO2. Cependant, sa combustion génère des émissions d’oxyde d’azote (NOx) et de particules dans l’atmosphère. Les normes anti-pollution étant de plus en plus sévères et les incitations à diminuer les consommations de carburant de plus en plus fortes, le moteur Diesel est confronté à une problématique NOx/particules/consommation toujours plus difficile à résoudre. Une des voies envisagées consiste à modifier le mode de combustion afin de limiter les émissions polluantes à la source tout en conservant de faibles consommations. La voie la plus prometteuse est la combustion HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) obtenue par injections directes précoces. Plusieurs limitations critiques doivent cependant être revues et améliorées : le mouillage des parois par le carburant liquide et le contrôle de la combustion à forte charge. Le but de cette thèse est ainsi de mieux comprendre les phénomènes mis en jeu lors de la combustion HCCI à forte charge obtenue par des multi-injections directes précoces. Une méthodologie a été mise au point afin de détecter le mouillage des parois du cylindre, ce qui a permis de comprendre l’effet du phasage et de la pression d’injection sur cette problématique. Une stratégie optimale de multi-injections permettant d’atteindre une charge élevée sans mouiller les parois a ainsi été développée et choisie. Nous avons ensuite pu mettre en évidence le potentiel de la stratification par la dilution en tant que moyen de contrôle de la combustion en admettant le diluant dans un seul des 2 conduits d’admission. Des mesures réalisées en complémentarité sur le même moteur mais en version ‘optique’, ont permis, à partir de la technique de Fluorescence Induite par Laser, de montrer que concentrer le diluant dans les zones réactives où se situe le carburant permet un meilleur contrôle de la combustion, ce qui permet d’amener le taux de dilution a des niveaux faisables technologiquement.
For several years, reduce pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere is become a leitmotiv. The automotive world is directly affected by these considerations. Diesel engine has a promising future thanks to its efficiency higher than that of S.I. engine, leading to lower CO2 emissions. However, Diesel combustion emits nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulates in the atmosphere. Emissions regulations are more and more severe, and considerations about fuel consumption are more and more significant. Thus, Diesel engine has to face a NOx/particulates/consumption issue that is more and more difficult to answer. One of the considered ways to reduce pollutant emissions while maintaining low fuel consumptions is to change the…
Advisors/Committee Members: Mounaïm-Rousselle, Christine (thesis director), Bruneaux, Gilles (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: HCCI; Injection directe précoce; Mouillage des parois; Multi-injections; Contrôle de la combustion; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Early direct injection; Wall wetting; Multiple injections; Control of combustion
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
André, M. (2010). Potentiel de la combustion HCCI et injection précoce : Potential of HCCI combustion and early injection. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université d'Orléans. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE2051
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
André, Mathieu. “Potentiel de la combustion HCCI et injection précoce : Potential of HCCI combustion and early injection.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Université d'Orléans. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE2051.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
André, Mathieu. “Potentiel de la combustion HCCI et injection précoce : Potential of HCCI combustion and early injection.” 2010. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
André M. Potentiel de la combustion HCCI et injection précoce : Potential of HCCI combustion and early injection. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université d'Orléans; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE2051.
Council of Science Editors:
André M. Potentiel de la combustion HCCI et injection précoce : Potential of HCCI combustion and early injection. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université d'Orléans; 2010. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE2051
University of California – Berkeley
12.
Vuilleumier, David Malcolm.
The Effect of Ethanol Addition to Gasoline on Low- and Intermediate-Temperature Heat Release under Boosted Conditions in Kinetically Controlled Engines.
Degree: Mechanical Engineering, 2016, University of California – Berkeley
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6jd8g04n
► AbstractThe Effect of Ethanol Addition to Gasoline on Low- and Intermediate-Temperature Heat Release under Boosted Conditions in Kinetically Controlled EnginesbyDavid Malcolm VuilleumierDoctor of Philosophy in…
(more)
▼ AbstractThe Effect of Ethanol Addition to Gasoline on Low- and Intermediate-Temperature Heat Release under Boosted Conditions in Kinetically Controlled EnginesbyDavid Malcolm VuilleumierDoctor of Philosophy in Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of California, BerkeleyProfessor Jyh-Yuan Chen, ChairThe detailed study of chemical kinetics in engines has become required to further advance engine efficiency while simultaneously lowering engine emissions. This push for higher efficiency engines is not caused by a lack of oil, but by efforts to reduce anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, that cause global warming. To operate in more efficient manners while reducing traditional pollutant emissions, modern internal combustion piston engines are forced to operate in regimes in which combustion is no longer fully transport limited, and instead is at least partially governed by chemical kinetics of combusting mixtures. Kinetically-controlled combustion allows the operation of piston engines at high compression ratios, with partially-premixed dilute charges; these operating conditions simultaneously provide high thermodynamic efficiency and low pollutant formation.The investigations presented in this dissertation study the effect of ethanol addition on the low-temperature chemistry of gasoline type fuels in engines. These investigations are carried out both in a simplified, fundamental engine experiment, named Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition, as well as in more applied engine systems, named Gasoline Compression Ignition engines and Partial Fuel Stratification engines. These experimental investigations, and the accompanying modeling work, show that ethanol is an effective scavenger of radicals at low temperatures, and this inhibits the low temperature pathways of gasoline oxidation. Further, the investigations measure the sensitivity of gasoline auto-ignition to system pressure at conditions that are relevant to modern engines. It is shown that at pressures above 40 bar and temperatures below 850 Kelvin, gasoline begins to exhibit Low-Temperature Heat Release. However, the addition of 20% ethanol raises the pressure requirement to 60 bar, while the temperature requirement remains unchanged.These findings have major implications for a range of modern engines. Low-Temperature Heat Release significantly enhances the auto-ignition process, which limits the conditions under which advanced combustion strategies may operate. As these advanced combustion strategies are required to meet emissions and fuel-economy regulations, the findings of this dissertation may benefit and be incorporated into future engine design toolkits, such as detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms.
Subjects/Keywords: Mechanical engineering; Energy; Advanced Combustion Engines; Ethanol; Gasoline; Gasoline Compression Ignition; Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition; Low-Temperature Heat Release
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Vuilleumier, D. M. (2016). The Effect of Ethanol Addition to Gasoline on Low- and Intermediate-Temperature Heat Release under Boosted Conditions in Kinetically Controlled Engines. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6jd8g04n
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Vuilleumier, David Malcolm. “The Effect of Ethanol Addition to Gasoline on Low- and Intermediate-Temperature Heat Release under Boosted Conditions in Kinetically Controlled Engines.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6jd8g04n.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Vuilleumier, David Malcolm. “The Effect of Ethanol Addition to Gasoline on Low- and Intermediate-Temperature Heat Release under Boosted Conditions in Kinetically Controlled Engines.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Vuilleumier DM. The Effect of Ethanol Addition to Gasoline on Low- and Intermediate-Temperature Heat Release under Boosted Conditions in Kinetically Controlled Engines. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6jd8g04n.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Vuilleumier DM. The Effect of Ethanol Addition to Gasoline on Low- and Intermediate-Temperature Heat Release under Boosted Conditions in Kinetically Controlled Engines. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6jd8g04n
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Michigan
13.
Martz, Jason Brian.
Simulation and Model Development for Auto-Ignition and Reaction Front Propagation in Low-Temperature High-Pressure Lean-Burn Engines.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2010, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/78870
► While Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion is capable of highly efficient, ultra-low NOx operation, it lacks direct mechanisms for timing and burn rate control…
(more)
▼ While
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (
HCCI) combustion is capable of highly efficient, ultra-low NOx operation, it lacks direct mechanisms for timing and burn rate control and suffers from marginal power densities. Concepts such as
Spark-Assisted
Compression Ignition (SACI) combustion have shown the ability to partially address these shortcomings, however detailed SACI models are currently lacking.
To address the need for reaction front data within the ultra-dilute, high pressure and preheat temperature SACI regime, laminar premixed reaction front simulations were performed and correlations for burning velocity and front thickness were developed from the resulting dataset. Provided that preheat temperatures were elevated and that burned gas temperatures exceeded 1500 K, moderate burning velocities were observed at equivalence ratios typical of mid and high load
HCCI operation. For a given burned gas temperature, burning velocities increased when moving from the
SI to the SACI combustion regime, i.e. towards higher dilution and higher pre-heat temperatures.
Given the proximity of SACI pre-heat temperatures to the
ignition temperature, additional simulations examined the combustion regime, structure and general behavior of the reaction front as it propagated into an auto-igniting end-gas. While significant increases in burning velocity accompanied the transition from deflagrative to chemically dominated combustion, the reaction front contributed minimally to end-gas consumption once end-gas temperatures exceeded 1100 K.
A model capable of capturing
SI, SACI and
HCCI combustion modes was formulated and implemented into KIVA-3V. Using the correlated laminar flame speed data, the model was capable of predicting trend-wise agreement with cylinder pressure and imaging data from an optical SACI engine. The simulated presence of flame surface density suggests that although the simulated reaction fronts are ultra-dilute, they are nevertheless within the flamelet regime during the deflagration portion of SACI combustion. End-gas auto-
ignition occurred when the
charge compression heating from boundary work and reaction front heat release combined to drive the end-gas to its
ignition temperature, providing additional latitude for the execution and control of low temperature combustion processes. Additional simulations were performed to assess the ability of this additional deflagrative combustion mode to enable high efficiency operation with elevated work output relative to
HCCI combustion.
Advisors/Committee Members: Assanis, Dionissios N. (committee member), Babajimopoulos, Aristotelis (committee member), Driscoll, James F. (committee member), Fiveland, Scott B. (committee member), Lavoie, George (committee member), Wooldridge, Margaret S. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: HCCI; Spark Assisted Compression Ignition; Knock; Low Temperature Combustion; Flamelet; Spark Ignited; Mechanical Engineering; Engineering
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Martz, J. B. (2010). Simulation and Model Development for Auto-Ignition and Reaction Front Propagation in Low-Temperature High-Pressure Lean-Burn Engines. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/78870
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Martz, Jason Brian. “Simulation and Model Development for Auto-Ignition and Reaction Front Propagation in Low-Temperature High-Pressure Lean-Burn Engines.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/78870.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Martz, Jason Brian. “Simulation and Model Development for Auto-Ignition and Reaction Front Propagation in Low-Temperature High-Pressure Lean-Burn Engines.” 2010. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Martz JB. Simulation and Model Development for Auto-Ignition and Reaction Front Propagation in Low-Temperature High-Pressure Lean-Burn Engines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/78870.
Council of Science Editors:
Martz JB. Simulation and Model Development for Auto-Ignition and Reaction Front Propagation in Low-Temperature High-Pressure Lean-Burn Engines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/78870
14.
Lee, Donghoon.
Closed-Loop Combustion Control of Advanced Internal Combustion Engines.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2011, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/84501
► Current emphasis on decreasing vehicle fuel consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from the automotive sector directs many research efforts towards two gasoline engine technologies,…
(more)
▼ Current emphasis on decreasing vehicle fuel consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from the automotive sector directs many research efforts towards two gasoline engine technologies, namely, the
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (
HCCI) engines, and the downsized TurboCharged (TC)
Spark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI) engines with variable valve timing (VVT). In the
HCCI category, many actuation strategies have been proposed with the more popular being the dual-fuel strategies and the high residual recycling. In this thesis, a heat recycling strategy is considered, specifically, a heated-air inlet
HCCI engine with two intake throttles that control the cold and hot air streams. To facilitate the control analysis and development, a physics-based crank-angle resolved and a mean-value models are developed for feedback controller design. We discover that the combustion duration defined as the duration between the crank angle of 10% and 90% fuel burned, provides a universal set point for all speeds and loads for both combustion stability and fuel efficiency. Based on a novel allocation of two actuators, the hot and cold throttles, a feedback controller is designed and simulated to regulate the combustion duration at a desired value during load changes. In the category of the TC SIDI engines, we address the important problem of reducing the calibration complexity when these engines are intended to run on gasoline (E0) and/or a blend of up to 85% ethanol (E85). Typically, there is variability in the optimal VVT and
spark values for every blend of gasoline-ethanol. This variability burdens the calibration task for these engines with many degrees of freedom (throttle, VVT, wastegate, fuel injection timing and duration, and
spark timing). We first address the transient coupling between throttle and VVT in controlling the air
charge. A model-based valve compensator is designed to improve the transient behavior of cylinder
charge and torque during tip-ins and tip-outs with the VVT system transitions from set-points. An extremum seeking (ES) controller tuned based on the engine model demonstrates the convergence of both
spark timing and VVT to the optimal values to achieve the best fuel efficiency.
Advisors/Committee Members: Stefanopoulou, Anna G. (committee member), Filipi, Zoran S. (committee member), Grizzle, Jessy W. (committee member), Kokkolaras, Michael (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Closed-loop Combustion Control; Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine; TurboCharged (TC) Spark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI) Engines With Variable Valve Timing (VVT); Mechanical Engineering; Engineering
…this dissertation, a heated-air inlet homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI)… …Homogeneous Charge compression Ignition (HCCI) engine concept, also called Active
Thermo… …towards two gasoline engine
technologies, namely, the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition… …inlet HCCI engine and, second, a 4 cylinder turbocharged spark ignition (SI) direct… …x28;HCCI) engines,
and the downsized TurboCharged (TC) Spark Ignition Direct…
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APA (6th Edition):
Lee, D. (2011). Closed-Loop Combustion Control of Advanced Internal Combustion Engines. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/84501
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lee, Donghoon. “Closed-Loop Combustion Control of Advanced Internal Combustion Engines.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/84501.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lee, Donghoon. “Closed-Loop Combustion Control of Advanced Internal Combustion Engines.” 2011. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lee D. Closed-Loop Combustion Control of Advanced Internal Combustion Engines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/84501.
Council of Science Editors:
Lee D. Closed-Loop Combustion Control of Advanced Internal Combustion Engines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/84501
The Ohio State University
15.
Iqbal, Asim.
Fundamentals of Knock.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2012, The Ohio State University
URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338146766
► In view of the declining global oil reserves and the environmental concerns associated with automotive emissions, it is imperative to improve the fuel efficiency of…
(more)
▼ In view of the declining global oil reserves and the
environmental concerns associated with automotive emissions, it is
imperative to improve the fuel efficiency of engines. Using higher
compression ratios or boosting the specific output through
turbocharging are proven strategies to accomplish this goal.
However, the ability to achieve elevated peak pressures required by
either mechanism to be effective is limited by
knock. The lack of
understanding of
knock also hinders the realization of potential
benefits of
homogeneous charge compression ignition, a promising
technology that relies on controlled autoignition. Thus,
knock is
one of the most serious obstacles in the development of fuel
efficient engines. For this reason, the phenomenon of
knock has
been studied extensively, but even after more than a century of
mostly experimental research, the basic mechanism governing
knock
remains poorly understood. In order to develop a fundamental
understanding of engine
knock, detailed chemical kinetic modeling
of the hydrocarbon oxidation mechanism associated with the
autoignition process is conducted in CHEMKIN (a chemical kinetics
software). Based on the insight gained from kinetic modeling, some
of the key reactions and species that are instrumental to the
autoignition of hydrocarbons are identified. The sensitivity of
knock to various parameters including inlet pressure, inlet
temperature,
compression ratio, wall temperature, fuel-air
equivalence ratio, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is examined
through CHEMKIN simulations.
Ignition delay predictions for the
autoignition of a toluene reference fuel (TRF) blend with an
antiknock index of 91 (TRF 91), obtained through extensive chemical
kinetic modeling in CHEMKIN for a constant volume reactor, are used
to develop an improved
ignition delay correlation for predicting
knock in
spark ignition (
SI) engines. In addition to NOx control,
EGR is increasingly being utilized for managing combustion phasing
in
SI engines to mitigate
knock. Therefore, along with other
operating parameters, the effects of EGR on autoignition are
incorporated into the correlation to address the need for
predicting
ignition delay in
SI engines operating with EGR. The
modeling approach adopted for TRF 91 is then extended to develop an
ignition delay correlation for an oxygenated surrogate fuel blend
of 87 octane gasoline (with 10% ethanol). In addition, a
conceptually new approach based on multiple timescales is developed
to predict
ignition delay for the autoignition of a primary
reference fuel blend. Finally, the new
ignition delay correlation
for TRF 91 is implemented into the engine simulation tool GT-POWER
and engine dynamometer experiments with knocking combustion are
conducted to validate the
knock predictions from the correlation.
Comparison of
knock onset predictions from GT-POWER with engine
experiments illustrates the accuracy of the TRF 91
ignition delay
correlation. Hence, the contributions of the present study include
an enhanced understanding of the underlying physics governing…
Advisors/Committee Members: Selamet, Ahmet (Advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Mechanical Engineering; Knock; Spark Ignition Engines; Combustion; Ignition Delay; Kinetics; Ignition Delay Correlation
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APA (6th Edition):
Iqbal, A. (2012). Fundamentals of Knock. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338146766
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Iqbal, Asim. “Fundamentals of Knock.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338146766.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Iqbal, Asim. “Fundamentals of Knock.” 2012. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Iqbal A. Fundamentals of Knock. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338146766.
Council of Science Editors:
Iqbal A. Fundamentals of Knock. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2012. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338146766
University of Michigan
16.
Han, Tae Hoon.
Strategies to Improve Efficiency and Emissions in Spark Ignition Engines.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2019, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/153471
► This dissertation investigates the knock mitigation strategies and their experimental validation for improving performance and emissions with three different engine parameters: (i)Fuels (oxygenated fuel gasoline…
(more)
▼ This dissertation investigates the
knock mitigation strategies and their experimental validation for improving performance and emissions with three different engine parameters: (i)Fuels (oxygenated fuel gasoline blends and syngas addition); (ii)Mixture dilution (EGR and Lean dilution); (iii)Injection strategies (DI and PFI combined dual fuel injection and multiple injections). Besides, a newly discovered unique relation between knocking and particulate matter emissions is examined in the last part with several conceptual models for better understanding of this phenomenon.
The first part of this dissertation is about the effects of three oxygenated fuels (2,5-dimethylfuran, ethanol, and isobutanol) blended in gasoline on engine combustion,
knock, and particulate matter emissions. One of the most promising furan functional group fuels, 2,5-dimethylfuran, is experimentally compared with two common alcohol-type oxygenates, ethanol and iso-butanol. Three major parameters are varied for the examination of oxygenates: fuel type, blend ratio, and boost level. The results show that the 2,5-dimethylfuran blends have the ability to extend
knock limits as much as ethanol, but with relatively higher particulate matter emissions.
As a second fuel study, syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) aided engine combustion is experimentally investigated under EGR diluted and lean conditions by focusing on
knock propensity, thermal efficiency, and emissions. Knocking tendencies are analyzed, and the thermal efficiency and emissions difference are discussed as well. The results show that with increasing the syngas addition, knocking is strongly suppressed, and the effect is more beneficial with EGR dilution than with air dilution.
For the study of fuel injection strategies, two concepts of injection strategies are introduced and experimentally investigated. The first injection strategy is combined direct and port fuel injection to extend
knock and EGR dilution limits using gasoline and ethanol fuels. The results showed that dual injection was beneficial to shorten the burn duration and improve combustion stability, but dual injection is slightly more sensitive to
knock than direct injection primarily due to increased unburned gas temperature. The particulate matter emissions from dual injection were slightly lower, and the gaseous emissions showed lower total hydrocarbons and similar nitrogen oxides compared with only using direct injection of E20 fuel.
The second fuel injection strategy involves multiple direct injections, which inject fuel multiple times in a cycle. This study explores the effect of multiple injections on
knock, engine performance, particulate matter, and gaseous emissions. Two aspects of multiple injection strategies were experimentally investigated: the number of injections and the timing of the injections. The results confirm that multiple injection maintains torque and combustion stability but increases
knock limits and thermal efficiency due to improved heat release phasing. The gaseous pollutant emissions including…
Advisors/Committee Members: Boehman, Andre L (committee member), Raman, Venkatramanan (committee member), Lavoie, George A (committee member), Wooldridge, Margaret S (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Knock limit extension; Particulate matter emissions; Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR); Alternative fuels; Injection strategies; Spark ignition (SI) engine; Mechanical Engineering; Engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Han, T. H. (2019). Strategies to Improve Efficiency and Emissions in Spark Ignition Engines. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/153471
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Han, Tae Hoon. “Strategies to Improve Efficiency and Emissions in Spark Ignition Engines.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/153471.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Han, Tae Hoon. “Strategies to Improve Efficiency and Emissions in Spark Ignition Engines.” 2019. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Han TH. Strategies to Improve Efficiency and Emissions in Spark Ignition Engines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/153471.
Council of Science Editors:
Han TH. Strategies to Improve Efficiency and Emissions in Spark Ignition Engines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/153471
17.
Saisirirat, Peerawat.
Etude de la combustion des mélanges hydrocarbures/alcools dans un moteur HCCI : A study of hydrocarbon/alcohol combustion in HCCI engines.
Degree: Docteur es, Mécanique. Energétique, 2011, Orléans; King Mongkut's university of technology Thonburi
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE2020
► Actuellement, les principaux thèmes pour le secteur de transport sont le réchauffement global et la crise énergétique, ce qui encourage les chercheurs à développer des…
(more)
▼ Actuellement, les principaux thèmes pour le secteur de transport sont le réchauffement global et la crise énergétique, ce qui encourage les chercheurs à développer des technologies alternatives et efficaces. Le concept ‘HCCI’ (combustion d’une charge homogène, allumée par compression) est l’une des solutions pour le moteur de véhicules. Ce mode de combustion, indépendant d’une notion de propagation de flamme, permet de réduire fortement les émissions critiques de NOX et de suies dans les gaz d'échappement. Cette combustion de type HCCI du carburant diesel se caractérise par une combustion à deux étapes. Parallèlement, l’apparition de nouveaux carburants, comme le bio-alcool, est une autre voie de recherche. Les bio-alcools ont un nombre d’indice d'octane élevé qui peut se mélanger avec du carburant diesel pour optimiser la combustion de HCCI des carburants diesel. L’objectif de cette thèse est donc de caractériser les deux étapes de la combustion HCCI en étudiant l’influence de l’impact de l’ajout d’une fraction d’alcools dans diesel. La comparaison avec un mélange d’iso-octane, hydrocarbure à indice d'octane élevé de paraffine et des mélanges dilués via les gaz d’échappement est aussi analysée en tant que verrous potentiels pour améliorer la combustion de type HCCI. Dans cette thèse, le n-heptane est choisi comme composé principal représentatif du diesel, l'éthanol et 1-butanol sont choisis comme bio-alcools. L’analyse présentée ici se repose sur trois approches différentes : l’analyse expérimentale de la pression cylindre, l'analyse d'images de chimiluminescence spontanée de certaines espèces et les résultats issus de la modélisation cinétique de la combustion.
Currently, the major issues for the transportation sector are the global warming and energy crisis which encourage researchers to develop an alternative green efficient technology. The homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) can be one of solutions for the automotive engine. This combustion concept is independent on the high temperature flame propagation which releases lowest critical emissions (NOX and PM) in the exhaust gas. HCCI combustion of diesel fuel presents specific characteristic of two-stage ignition that over-advances the main heat release. As the importance of bio-alcohol fuels increases, it is interesting to evaluate the potential of the fuels, to optimize the HCCI combustion of diesel fuels. This is the objective of this phD thesis. The two-stage ignition characteristic of the diesel hydrocarbon is described and the influence of alcohol fuel fraction in diesel blends is investigated in comparison with high octane paraffin hydrocarbon diesel blends and EGR addition. All potentials are concluded to the potential for HCCI combustion improvement. In this thesis, n-heptane was selected as the major diesel representative component and ethanol and 1-butanol as the considered alcohol fuels. Three approaches were used based on experimental cylinder pressure analysis, the chemiluminescence emissions image analysis and the chemical kinetic…
Advisors/Committee Members: Mounaïm-Rousselle, Christine (thesis director), Chanchaona, Somchai (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Combustion d’une charge homogène allumée par compression; Bio!alcools; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Bio!alcohol fuels
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APA (6th Edition):
Saisirirat, P. (2011). Etude de la combustion des mélanges hydrocarbures/alcools dans un moteur HCCI : A study of hydrocarbon/alcohol combustion in HCCI engines. (Doctoral Dissertation). Orléans; King Mongkut's university of technology Thonburi. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE2020
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Saisirirat, Peerawat. “Etude de la combustion des mélanges hydrocarbures/alcools dans un moteur HCCI : A study of hydrocarbon/alcohol combustion in HCCI engines.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Orléans; King Mongkut's university of technology Thonburi. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE2020.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Saisirirat, Peerawat. “Etude de la combustion des mélanges hydrocarbures/alcools dans un moteur HCCI : A study of hydrocarbon/alcohol combustion in HCCI engines.” 2011. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Saisirirat P. Etude de la combustion des mélanges hydrocarbures/alcools dans un moteur HCCI : A study of hydrocarbon/alcohol combustion in HCCI engines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Orléans; King Mongkut's university of technology Thonburi; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE2020.
Council of Science Editors:
Saisirirat P. Etude de la combustion des mélanges hydrocarbures/alcools dans un moteur HCCI : A study of hydrocarbon/alcohol combustion in HCCI engines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Orléans; King Mongkut's university of technology Thonburi; 2011. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE2020
The Ohio State University
18.
Wang, Wei.
Conditional Moment Closure Model for Ignition of Homogeneous
Fuel/Air Mixtures in Internal Combustion Engines.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2020, The Ohio State University
URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1577882100318004
► To improve the fuel economy and to reduce the emission in internal combustion (IC) engines, advanced engine technologies such as the homogeneous charge compression ignition…
(more)
▼ To improve the fuel economy and to reduce the emission
in internal combustion (IC) engines, advanced engine technologies
such as the
homogeneous charge compression ignition (
HCCI), further
increasing the
compression ratio, and gasoline engine downsizing
with
charge boosting need to be further developed. The development
of these technologies is restricted by the prediction and control
of the
ignition of premixed fuel/air mixtures. The
ignition of the
premixed mixtures in IC engines is governed by complex chemical
kinetics. The in-cylinder flow turbulence, temperature
inhomogeneity, and other mixture conditions affect the
ignition
processes by influencing the chemical reaction rates. In this
study, the conditional moment closure (CMC) method is extended for
the
ignition of the premixed mixtures with temperature
inhomogeneity in IC engines. A CMC model based on sensible enthalpy
is developed for the
ignition of the premixed mixtures. Closure
models for the mixing statistics of sensible enthalpy are proposed
based on a mapping method.A method to couple the CMC model with a
multidimensional flow solver for the prediction of
knock in
SI
engines is developed. In the coupling, a method to reduce the
computational cost by solving a subset of species in the flow
solver is proposed.The sensible-enthalpy-based CMC model and a
total-enthalpy-based formulation are assessed with data from 2-D
direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the
ignition of
homogeneous
primary reference fuel (PRF)-air mixtures with temperature
inhomogeneity under
HCCI conditions and
spark ignition (
SI) engine
knocking conditions.Results show that the total-enthalpy-based CMC
gives good predictions of the heat release rate (HRR) under
HCCI
conditions when the temperature inhomogeneity level is low, but
leads to substantial overprediction under
SI engine knocking
conditions regardless of the thermal stratification levels.The
sensible enthalpy formulation gives good predictions of the HRR for
the
ignition under
HCCI and
SI engine knocking conditions due to
suppressed conditional temperature fluctuations.The proposed mixing
models are found to generally well capture the mixing
characteristics of the reacting scalar.A method to couple the CMC
model with a multidimensional flow solver is developed and the
spatially-integrated total-enthalpy-based CMC model is implemented
into CONVERGE user defined functions (UDF) for
knock prediction in
SI engines using large eddy simulation (LES). Multicycle LES of a
gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine is conducted with the
total-enthalpy-based CMC model and the results are compared with
data from engine experiments. Results show that the onsets of
knock
in reference knocking cases are captured. The effects of
spark
timing (ST) retarding and wall temperature on the occurrence of
knock are investigated.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kim, Seung Hyun (Advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Mechanical Engineering; CMC; ignition; IC engine; knock; HCCI; LES
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APA (6th Edition):
Wang, W. (2020). Conditional Moment Closure Model for Ignition of Homogeneous
Fuel/Air Mixtures in Internal Combustion Engines. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1577882100318004
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wang, Wei. “Conditional Moment Closure Model for Ignition of Homogeneous
Fuel/Air Mixtures in Internal Combustion Engines.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1577882100318004.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wang, Wei. “Conditional Moment Closure Model for Ignition of Homogeneous
Fuel/Air Mixtures in Internal Combustion Engines.” 2020. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Wang W. Conditional Moment Closure Model for Ignition of Homogeneous
Fuel/Air Mixtures in Internal Combustion Engines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1577882100318004.
Council of Science Editors:
Wang W. Conditional Moment Closure Model for Ignition of Homogeneous
Fuel/Air Mixtures in Internal Combustion Engines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2020. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1577882100318004
University of Michigan
19.
Babajimopoulos, Aristotelis.
Development of sequential and fully integrated CFD/multi-zone models with detailed chemical kinetics for the simulation of HCCI engines.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical engineering, 2005, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/124994
► Modeling the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine requires a balanced approach that captures both fluid motion as well as low and high temperature fuel…
(more)
▼ Modeling the
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (
HCCI) engine requires a balanced approach that captures both fluid motion as well as low and high temperature fuel oxidation. A fully coupled CFD and chemistry scheme would be the ideal
HCCI modeling approach, but is computationally very expensive. As a result, modeling assumptions are required in order to develop tools that are computationally efficient, yet maintain an acceptable degree of accuracy. In the first part of this dissertation, KIVA-3V is used to investigate the mixing process in
HCCI engines prior to combustion, particularly for operation with high levels of residual gas fraction. It is found that insufficient mixing of the hot residuals with the fresh
charge can lead to the presence of significant temperature and composition nonuniformities in the cylinder. Then, in order to investigate the effect of temperature and composition stratification on
HCCI combustion, two modeling approaches are explored. The first approach is a sequential fluid-mechanic - thermo-kinetic model. The KIVA-3V code is initiated before the exhaust event and operated over the gas exchange period, until a transition point before TDC. The three-dimensional computational domain is then mapped into a two-dimensional array of zones with different temperature and composition, which are used to initiate a multi-zone thermodynamic simulation. In the second approach, KIVA-3V is fully integrated with a multi-zone model with detailed chemical kinetics. The multi-zone model communicates with KIVA-3V at each computational timestep, as in the ideal fully coupled case. However, the composition of the cells is mapped back and forth between KIVA-3V and the multi-zone model, introducing significant computational time savings. The methodology uses a novel re-mapping technique that can account for both temperature and composition non-uniformities in the cylinder. Validation cases were developed by solving the detailed chemistry in every cell of a KIVA-3V grid. The new methodology shows good agreement with the detailed solutions. Hence, it can be used to provide insight into the fundamental effects of temperature and equivalence ratio distribution on
ignition, burn duration, and emissions in
HCCI engines.
Advisors/Committee Members: Assanis, Dionissios N. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Cfd; Chemical; Combustion; Detailed; Development; Engines; Fully; Hcci; Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition; Integrated; Kinetics; Models; Multi; Sequential; Simulation; Zone
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Babajimopoulos, A. (2005). Development of sequential and fully integrated CFD/multi-zone models with detailed chemical kinetics for the simulation of HCCI engines. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/124994
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Babajimopoulos, Aristotelis. “Development of sequential and fully integrated CFD/multi-zone models with detailed chemical kinetics for the simulation of HCCI engines.” 2005. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/124994.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Babajimopoulos, Aristotelis. “Development of sequential and fully integrated CFD/multi-zone models with detailed chemical kinetics for the simulation of HCCI engines.” 2005. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Babajimopoulos A. Development of sequential and fully integrated CFD/multi-zone models with detailed chemical kinetics for the simulation of HCCI engines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2005. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/124994.
Council of Science Editors:
Babajimopoulos A. Development of sequential and fully integrated CFD/multi-zone models with detailed chemical kinetics for the simulation of HCCI engines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/124994
20.
Powell, Thomas.
Impacts of Thermal Barrier Coating Morphology and Catalytic Properties on Low Temperature Combustion Engine In-Cylinder Processes.
Degree: PhD, Automotive Engineering, 2018, Clemson University
URL: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/2271
► The inherent thermodynamic benefits of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) make it a likely choice for meeting the increasing demands of fuel economy legislation. Unfortunately…
(more)
▼ The inherent thermodynamic benefits of
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (
HCCI) make it a likely choice for meeting the increasing demands of fuel economy legislation. Unfortunately
HCCI suffers from reduced combustion efficiency and operational variability due to the buildup of carbon deposits. However, the unique thermo-kinetic nature and thermal sensitivity of Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) provides an opportunity to improve combustion efficiency through manipulation of the in-cylinder thermal environment. This body of work sought to create a wall temperature swing using a thin Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) to reduce combustion heat transfer and improve LTC combustion and thermal efficiencies.
The first TBC used was a thin, dense YSZ coating, which provided modest gains in thermal and combustion efficiencies in addition to accelerating LTC burn rates and advancing combustion. This confirmed the original hypothesis, so coatings with higher porosity were pursued as a means of further reducing thermal conductivity and increasing the temperature swing magnitude. This direction of investigation yielded further incremental improvements in thermal and combustion efficiencies, however pitfalls experienced due to interactions of combustion gases with the surface roughness and open porosity of highly-porous TBCs discouraged this area of inquiry. An investigation into porosity and roughness interactions confirmed the impacts of surface roughness, however the open porosity effects were not representative of the impacts witnessed with the TBC, due to the porosity becoming blocked by carbon deposits. The next step focused on alternative low thermal conductivity materials, such as gadolinium zirconate, as a way to achieve durable, low conductivity TBCs. This area of investigation proved successful, providing a thin coating with a 0.65 W/m-K conductivity that created a large temperature swing, boosting thermal efficiency by up to a 5.9% and combustion efficiency by up to 1.5%.
As a separate approach to improving combustion efficiency, catalytically active coatings were investigated. Experiments indicated catalytic activity with the use of a low temperature CuOx – CoOy – CeO2 (CCC) catalyst specifically developed for LTC aftertreatment over a YSZ thermal barrier provided a modest boost to combustion and thermal efficiencies. Combined, these investigations provide guidance on thermal barrier coating design for LTC to remove one of the last hurdles to mass-adoption for
HCCI engines.
Advisors/Committee Members: Zoran Filipi, Committee Chair, Mark Hoffman, Robert Prucka, Fadi Abu-Farha.
Subjects/Keywords: catalytic; HCCI; heat transfer; homogeneous charge compression ignition; thermal barrier coatings
…function
of local equivalence ratio and temperature for spark
ignited, diesel, and HCCI (LTC… …fuel consumption maps for A) SI engine
and B) HCCI engine, showing higher HCCI part… …1
HCCI Operating Principles… …2
Benefits of HCCI operation… …3
Challenges Related to HCCI Operation…
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APA (6th Edition):
Powell, T. (2018). Impacts of Thermal Barrier Coating Morphology and Catalytic Properties on Low Temperature Combustion Engine In-Cylinder Processes. (Doctoral Dissertation). Clemson University. Retrieved from https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/2271
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Powell, Thomas. “Impacts of Thermal Barrier Coating Morphology and Catalytic Properties on Low Temperature Combustion Engine In-Cylinder Processes.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Clemson University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/2271.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Powell, Thomas. “Impacts of Thermal Barrier Coating Morphology and Catalytic Properties on Low Temperature Combustion Engine In-Cylinder Processes.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Powell T. Impacts of Thermal Barrier Coating Morphology and Catalytic Properties on Low Temperature Combustion Engine In-Cylinder Processes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Clemson University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/2271.
Council of Science Editors:
Powell T. Impacts of Thermal Barrier Coating Morphology and Catalytic Properties on Low Temperature Combustion Engine In-Cylinder Processes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Clemson University; 2018. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/2271
Penn State University
21.
Kalaskar, Vickey Baliram.
Ignition Behavior of Gasolines and Surrogate Fuels in Low Temperature Combustion Strategies.
Degree: 2015, Penn State University
URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/25975
► This dissertation discusses the results from three different studies aimed at understanding the importance of fuel chemical structure during low temperature combustion (LTC) strategies, like…
(more)
▼ This dissertation discusses the results from three different studies aimed at understanding the importance of fuel chemical structure during low temperature combustion (LTC) strategies, like
homogeneous charge compression ignition (
HCCI) and partially premixed combustion (PPC) employed in internal combustion (IC) engines wherein the focus is on high octane fuels.
Boosted intake air operation combined with exhaust gas recirculation, internal as well as external, has become a standard path for expanding the load limits of IC engines employing LTC strategies mentioned above as well as conventional diesel and
spark ignition (
SI) engines. However, the effects of fuel compositional variation have not been fully explored. The first study focusses on three different fuels, where each of them were evaluated using a single cylinder boosted
HCCI engine using negative valve overlap. The three fuels investigated were: a regular grade gasoline (RON = 90.2), 30% ethanol-gasoline blend (E30, RON = 100.3), and 24% iso-butanol-gasoline blend (IB24, RON = 96.6). Detailed sweeps of intake manifold pressure (atmospheric to 250 kPaa), EGR (0 – 25% EGR), and injection timing were conducted to identify fuel-specific effects. While significant fuel compositional differences existed, the results showed that all these fuels achieved comparable operation with minor changes in operational conditions. Further, it was shown that the available enthalpy from the exhaust would not be sufficient to satisfy the boost requirements at higher load operation by doing an analysis of the required turbocharger efficiency.
While the first study concentrated on load expansion of
HCCI, it is important to mention that controlling LTC strategies is difficult under low load or idle operating conditions. To ensure stable operation, fuel injection in the negative valve overlap (NVO) is used as one of method of achieving combustion control. However the combustion chemistry under high temperature and fuel rich conditions that exist during the NVO have not been previously explored. The second study focused on examining the products of fuel rich chemistry as a result of fuel injection in the NVO. In this study, a unique six stroke cycle was used to segregate the exhaust from the NVO and to study the chemistry of the range of fuels injected during NVO under low oxygen conditions. The fuels investigated were methanol, ethanol, iso-butanol, and iso-octane. It was observed that the products of reactions under NVO conditions were highly dependent on the injected fuel’s structure with iso-octane producing less than 1.5% hydrogen and methanol producing more than 8%. However a weak dependence was observed on NVO duration and initial temperature, indicating that NVO reforming was kinetically limited. Finally, the experimental trends were compared with CHEMKIN (single zone, 0-D model) predictions using multiple kinetic mechanism that were readily available through literature. Due to the simplicity of the model and inadequate information on the fuel injection process, the…
Advisors/Committee Members: Andre Louis Boehman, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Randy Vander Wal, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Chunshan Song, Committee Member, Daniel Connell Haworth, Committee Member, James Szybist, Special Member.
Subjects/Keywords: Autoignition; Combustion; Compression ignition; Negative valve overlap; Ignition behavior; LTC; HCCI; PPC
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APA (6th Edition):
Kalaskar, V. B. (2015). Ignition Behavior of Gasolines and Surrogate Fuels in Low Temperature Combustion Strategies. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/25975
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kalaskar, Vickey Baliram. “Ignition Behavior of Gasolines and Surrogate Fuels in Low Temperature Combustion Strategies.” 2015. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/25975.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kalaskar, Vickey Baliram. “Ignition Behavior of Gasolines and Surrogate Fuels in Low Temperature Combustion Strategies.” 2015. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kalaskar VB. Ignition Behavior of Gasolines and Surrogate Fuels in Low Temperature Combustion Strategies. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/25975.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kalaskar VB. Ignition Behavior of Gasolines and Surrogate Fuels in Low Temperature Combustion Strategies. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2015. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/25975
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
The Ohio State University
22.
Frederick, John David.
Time-Resolved In-Cylinder Heat Transfer and its Implications
on Knock in Spark Ignition Engines.
Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2015, The Ohio State University
URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437648508
► Spark Ignition (SI) engines power 96.6% of light duty vehicles produced in North America in 2013, yet the ability to increase their efficiency through strategies…
(more)
▼ Spark Ignition (
SI) engines power 96.6% of light duty
vehicles produced in North America in 2013, yet the ability to
increase their efficiency through strategies such as boosting or
increasing the
compression ratio is limited by
knock.
Knock, or the
autoignition of the fuel and air mixture ahead of the flame front,
is dictated by chemical kinetics and the rates of the reactions
leading to autoignition are determined by the Boltzmann factor,
which is exponentially dependent on the local gas temperature. The
gas temperature is a function of both the heat release from
combustion and the in-cylinder heat transfer. Therefore, to predict
knock and operate
SI engines as efficiently as possible, it is
necessary to accurately model the in-cylinder heat transfer
process. Hence, the objective of the present study is to improve
the understanding of in-cylinder heat transfer of
SI
engines.Time-resolved in-cylinder heat transfer was measured in
cylinder4 of a Chrysler 2.0L I4 engine using Vatell Heat Flux
Microsensors (HFMs) along with pressure measurements within the
combustion chamber and in the intake runner and plenum as well as
the exhaust runner. Firing engine experiments were first performed
with a single heat flux sensor at 1600 and 2400 RPM wide open
throttle (WOT). Carbon deposits built up on the HFM surface,
necessitating the development of a sensor cleaning procedure using
acetone as a solvent. An approximate pressure limit of 50 bar for
the HFM was also determined with this cylinder head. Motored engine
experiments were then performed with a multi-sensor cylinder head
with two HFMs at 1200, 1600, 2000, 2400, and 3000 RPM WOT and the
peak heat flux was observed to increase with increasing engine
speed. Despite negligible variation of the in-cylinder pressure
from cycle-to-cycle, cyclic variation of heat flux was significant
at both measurement locations. Firing experiments with the
multi-sensor cylinder head were completed at 1200, 1600, and 2000
RPM WOT. Significant spatial differences in heat flux were observed
between the two measurement locations for firing operation. Peak
heat flux measured between the intake and exhaust valves (HFM3) was
49% higher on average than at the intake bridge (HFM1) while also
reaching peak magnitude earlier. Average flame propagation speeds
in the direction of HFM3 were on average 46% higher than towards
HFM1 as well. Similar to the motored experiments, high cyclic
variability of heat flux was observed for all firing experiments.
Even with considerable cycle-to-cycle variation, average
in-cylinder pressure and heat flux measurements were found to be
quite repeatable.Detailed 3D CFD simulations of cylinder #4 for
motored and firing operation were performed at 1600 RPM WOT using
CONVERGE CFD software. Predicted pressure and heat flux for motored
operation matched the experimental results well. For the firing
engine, combustion was modeled using a kinetics mechanism for a
primary reference fuel blend (PRF 91). Both the predicted cylinder
pressure and heat flux showed good agreement with…
Advisors/Committee Members: Selamet, Ahmet (Advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Mechanical Engineering; Knock; Heat Transfer; Spark Ignition Engines; Combustion
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Frederick, J. D. (2015). Time-Resolved In-Cylinder Heat Transfer and its Implications
on Knock in Spark Ignition Engines. (Masters Thesis). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437648508
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Frederick, John David. “Time-Resolved In-Cylinder Heat Transfer and its Implications
on Knock in Spark Ignition Engines.” 2015. Masters Thesis, The Ohio State University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437648508.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Frederick, John David. “Time-Resolved In-Cylinder Heat Transfer and its Implications
on Knock in Spark Ignition Engines.” 2015. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Frederick JD. Time-Resolved In-Cylinder Heat Transfer and its Implications
on Knock in Spark Ignition Engines. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437648508.
Council of Science Editors:
Frederick JD. Time-Resolved In-Cylinder Heat Transfer and its Implications
on Knock in Spark Ignition Engines. [Masters Thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2015. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437648508
Anna University
23.
Bhaskar K.
Experimental investigation on a Direct injection diesel
engine with Partially premixed inducted charge Of diesel and
injected esters of Jatropha and fish oil;.
Degree: Experimental investigation on a Direct injection
diesel engine with Partially premixed inducted charge Of diesel and
injected esters of Jatropha and fish oil, 2015, Anna University
URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/38895
► More stringent emission standards are being introduced all over the newlineworld with the aim of progressively reducing vehicular emission leading newlineresearch to alternative combustion technologies…
(more)
▼ More stringent emission standards are being
introduced all over the newlineworld with the aim of progressively
reducing vehicular emission leading newlineresearch to alternative
combustion technologies and alternative fuels With newlinedepleting
crude oil reserves across the globe it is high time that alternate
fuels newlinefor engines are produced from indigenous sources
Jatropha oil methyl ester newline JOME from the non edible category
and Fish oil methyl ester FOME from newlineanimal fat category are
identified as alternative fuels for the present
newlineinvestigation A single cylinder air cooled four stroke 4 4
kW 1500 rpm newlineDirect Injection DI diesel engine used in the
agricultural sector was selected newlinefor investigation
newlineThe performance emission and combustion characteristics of
newlineJOME and FOME blends with diesel were studied and 20 blends
for both newlineJOME and FOME were observed to be optimum
considering emissions of newlineoxides of Nitrogen NOx and soot
compared to CIDI mode Both JOME and newlineFOME blends reduced soot
Unburnt Hydrocarbons UBHC and newlineCarbonmonoxide CO
significantly but NOx emissions increased and newlineExhaust Gas
Recirculation EGR technique was adopted to reduce NOx
newlineEmission newlineHomogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI
is an alternative newlinecombustion process which received
considerable interest to meet the stringent newlineemission norms
newline newline
appendix p223-232, reference
p233-248.
Advisors/Committee Members: Nagarajan G.
Subjects/Keywords: Carbonmonoxide; Direct Injection; Exhaust Gas Recirculation; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Jatropha oil methyl ester; Unburnt Hydrocarbons
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
K, B. (2015). Experimental investigation on a Direct injection diesel
engine with Partially premixed inducted charge Of diesel and
injected esters of Jatropha and fish oil;. (Thesis). Anna University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/38895
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
K, Bhaskar. “Experimental investigation on a Direct injection diesel
engine with Partially premixed inducted charge Of diesel and
injected esters of Jatropha and fish oil;.” 2015. Thesis, Anna University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/38895.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
K, Bhaskar. “Experimental investigation on a Direct injection diesel
engine with Partially premixed inducted charge Of diesel and
injected esters of Jatropha and fish oil;.” 2015. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
K B. Experimental investigation on a Direct injection diesel
engine with Partially premixed inducted charge Of diesel and
injected esters of Jatropha and fish oil;. [Internet] [Thesis]. Anna University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/38895.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
K B. Experimental investigation on a Direct injection diesel
engine with Partially premixed inducted charge Of diesel and
injected esters of Jatropha and fish oil;. [Thesis]. Anna University; 2015. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/38895
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Windsor
24.
Jonnalagedda, Srikanth.
Turbulent Flow and Combustion in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines with Detailed Chemical Kinetics.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical, Automotive, and Materials Engineering, 2010, University of Windsor
URL: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/8010
► Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines have the potential to achieve higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions compared with conventional Internal Combustion (IC) engines.…
(more)
▼ Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (
HCCI) engines have the potential to achieve higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions compared with conventional Internal Combustion (IC) engines. However, the organization of
HCCI engine combustion is extremely critical in order to take advantage of
HCCI combustion.
In this dissertation, an integrated numerical solver (named CKL solver) has been developed by integrating the original KIVA-3V solver with CHEMKIN and Large Eddy Simulation. This integrated solver has been validated by comparing the numerical results with the available experimental results, and has been employed to evaluate the combustion performance of the innovative
HCCI combustion strategy with the Internal Mixing and Reformation (IMR) chamber that was proposed in the present study.
The results show that: (1) the CKL solver can provide detailed information on
HCCI combustion in terms of turbulent flow structures, temperature fields, concentration fields of all species involved including emissions (NO x, CO, HC), engine performance (indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), heat release rate (HRR), thermal efficiency), and spray-flow interactions. (2) the CKL solver predicts the averaged pressure, IMEP, thermal efficiency, emissions and HRR which are in good agreement with corresponding experimental data, proving that the CKL solver can be applied to practical engineering applications with the accuracy, depending on the intake temperature values, for IMEP of 5-10%, and for peak pressure of 1-7.5%. (3) the functions of the IMR chamber have been demonstrated and evaluated, showing that the IMR technology is a promising combustion strategy and needs further investigation in the future.
Advisors/Committee Members: Biao Zhou.
Subjects/Keywords: Applied sciences; Combustion; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Turbulent flows
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Jonnalagedda, S. (2010). Turbulent Flow and Combustion in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines with Detailed Chemical Kinetics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Windsor. Retrieved from https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/8010
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jonnalagedda, Srikanth. “Turbulent Flow and Combustion in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines with Detailed Chemical Kinetics.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Windsor. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/8010.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jonnalagedda, Srikanth. “Turbulent Flow and Combustion in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines with Detailed Chemical Kinetics.” 2010. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Jonnalagedda S. Turbulent Flow and Combustion in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines with Detailed Chemical Kinetics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Windsor; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/8010.
Council of Science Editors:
Jonnalagedda S. Turbulent Flow and Combustion in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engines with Detailed Chemical Kinetics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Windsor; 2010. Available from: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/8010
25.
Broekaert, Stijn.
A study of the heat transfer in low temperature combustion engines.
Degree: 2018, Ghent University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8547486
► In this work, an experimental study was performed of the heat transfer in low temperature combustion engines. The heat transfer was measured in two single-cylinder…
(more)
▼ In this work, an experimental study was performed of the heat transfer in low temperature combustion engines. The heat transfer was measured in two single-cylinder engines: a Waukesha CFR engine at Ghent University and a Scania D13 engine at Lund University. The CFR engine was operated in
HCCI mode and the Scania engine in both
HCCI and PPC mode. A statistical analysis was performed on the effect of the engine settings on the maximum heat flux and the total heat loss during the cycle for motored,
HCCI and PPC operation of both engines. An evaluation of multiple existing heat transfer models demonstrated that these models are not suitable for predicting the instantaneous heat flux during
HCCI and PPC operation. For this reason, a new heat transfer model was developed for low temperature combustion engines. A comparison with the existing heat transfer models showed that the heat transfer model is better able to predict the instantaneous heat flux, the maximum heat flux and the total heat loss.
Advisors/Committee Members: Verhelst, Sebastian, De Paepe, Michel.
Subjects/Keywords: Technology and Engineering; Heat transfer; Low temperature combustion; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Partially Premixed Combustion; Internal combustion engine; Experimental
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Broekaert, S. (2018). A study of the heat transfer in low temperature combustion engines. (Thesis). Ghent University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8547486
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Broekaert, Stijn. “A study of the heat transfer in low temperature combustion engines.” 2018. Thesis, Ghent University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8547486.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Broekaert, Stijn. “A study of the heat transfer in low temperature combustion engines.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Broekaert S. A study of the heat transfer in low temperature combustion engines. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ghent University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8547486.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Broekaert S. A study of the heat transfer in low temperature combustion engines. [Thesis]. Ghent University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8547486
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Brunel University
26.
Bureshaid, Khalifa.
A study of turbulent jet ignition combustion in an optical research engine with alternative fuels.
Degree: PhD, 2019, Brunel University
URL: http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/20076
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.814396
► Turbulent Jet Ignition (TJI) is an advanced ignition process where ultra-lean mixtures can ignite in standard gasoline spark ignition engine. In this research, a TJI…
(more)
▼ Turbulent Jet Ignition (TJI) is an advanced ignition process where ultra-lean mixtures can ignite in standard gasoline spark ignition engine. In this research, a TJI unit by Mahle Powertrain USA was adopted and studied in a bespoke single-cylinder engine with optical acess. The TJI device features a very small pre-chamber that is connected to the main chamber by multiple small orifices and can be separately fuelled by a direct fuel injector. The spark plug shifts from the main chamber to the pre-chamber to ignite the pre-chamber mixture. A new cylinder head was designed and manufactured to accommodate the TJI unit and optical windows on the top and sides of the cylinder head block. A new direct inejector (DI) fuel supply system was set up for direct fuel injection in the pre-chamber. A new engine control and a data system were commissioned and used for engine experiments and heat release analysis. High-speed combustion imaging and spectroscopic techniques were developed to study the ignition and combustion in the main chamber through high-speed cameras and spectrographic equipment. Thermodynamic studies on TJI combustion in a single-cylinder engine demonstrate the ability of TJI to extend the lean-burn limit of gasoline operation at different engine speeds and loads. Similar effects are also observed with engine operations fuelled with ethanol and wet-ethanol. TJI exerts the greatest effect in extending the lean-burn limit of ethanol fuel and leads to near-zero NOx emissions near the lean-burn limit. In addition, the TJI ethanol engine operation has higher thermal efficiency as well as lower HC and CO emissions than the gasoline operation. Spectroscopic results reveal that ethanol combustion produces higher chemiluminescent emissions than gasoline during the normal spark ignition combustion in the main chamber. The OH spectral peak at 310 nm is the highest throughout the ignition and combustion, followed by CH emission at 430 nm and HCO at 330 nm. Their intensities peak before the maximum heat release rates measured by the in-cylinder pressure. Emission spectra produced by the pre-chamber ignition are stronger than the normal spark ignition in the main chamber. The highest emission intensities are observed with the fuelled pre-chamber ignition even with leaner air–fuel mixture in the main chamber. As pre-chamber fuel is increased, the pre-chamber pressure rises faster to a higher peak value, producing greater pressure differential between the pre-chamber and main chamber and faster turbulent jets of partially burned products at higher temperature. The increase in the pre-chamber pressure causes the jets to travel deeper into the main chamber and enlarges the ignition sites. In addition, the ignition delay of the main chamber combustion is shortened due to the higher temperature of turbulent jets, as indicated by the stonger emission spectra. The turbulent ignition jets of ethanol are characterised with greater momentum than gasoline due to the faster combustion speed of ethanol and higher energy input. When the…
Subjects/Keywords: Mahle Jet Ignition (MJI); Spark Ignition (SI); Stratified change engine; Lean burning; The hydrogen-assisted jet ignition (HAJI)
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Bureshaid, K. (2019). A study of turbulent jet ignition combustion in an optical research engine with alternative fuels. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brunel University. Retrieved from http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/20076 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.814396
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bureshaid, Khalifa. “A study of turbulent jet ignition combustion in an optical research engine with alternative fuels.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Brunel University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/20076 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.814396.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bureshaid, Khalifa. “A study of turbulent jet ignition combustion in an optical research engine with alternative fuels.” 2019. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Bureshaid K. A study of turbulent jet ignition combustion in an optical research engine with alternative fuels. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brunel University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/20076 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.814396.
Council of Science Editors:
Bureshaid K. A study of turbulent jet ignition combustion in an optical research engine with alternative fuels. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brunel University; 2019. Available from: http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/20076 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.814396
27.
Ben Houidi, Moez.
Etude de l'influence des caractéristiques de carburants de synthèse sur la combustion diesel avancée homogène et partiellement homogène : Study of the impact of properties of synthetic fuels on diesel combustion.
Degree: Docteur es, Energétique, thermique, combustion, 2014, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2014ESMA0013
► Dans un contexte de recherche de nouveaux modes de combustion propres, la combustionhomogène à allumage par compression HCCI s’inscrit comme une stratégie prometteuse.Cependant, cette combustion…
(more)
▼ Dans un contexte de recherche de nouveaux modes de combustion propres, la combustionhomogène à allumage par compression HCCI s’inscrit comme une stratégie prometteuse.Cependant, cette combustion est limitée par un niveau élevé de bruit. La recherche descarburants permettant de relaxer cette contrainte constitue l’objectif global de cette étude.Particulièrement, on s’intéresse ici à l’influence de l’Indice de Cétane, de la volatilité et de lacomposition chimique des carburants sur les Délais d’Auto-Inflammation et sur les vitesses decombustion globales évaluées par les taux maximaux d’accroissement de la pression et dudégagement d’énergie apparente. L’étude se base dans un premier temps sur l’analyse d’essaissur banc moteur dans lesquels on a testé plusieurs carburants de synthèse à l’état pur et enmélange avec un Gazole conventionnel. Dans un deuxième temps des essais ont été préparés etréalisés sur Machine à Compression Rapide avec deux configurations en injection directe et enmélange homogène. Les essais Moteur ont permis d’orienter les paramètres expérimentauxciblés sur ce dispositif. D’autre part, pour étudier les régimes de combustion, des mesures dechamps de température locale ont été réalisées en mélange inerte (N2, CO2, Ar) par FluorescenceInduite par Laser avec un traceur Toluène. L’étude montre les limites des paramètres habituelspour caractériser l’adéquation carburant combustion HCCI et propose un nouveau critère basésur la dépendance des délais d’auto-inflammation à la température et à la richesse.
Advanced combustion strategies such as Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI)usually enable cleaner combustion with less NOx and Particulate Matter emissions comparedto conventional Diesel combustion. However, these strategies are difficult to implement due todifficulties related to combustion timing and burn rate control. Lately various studies have beenfocusing on extending advanced combustion functioning with new technologies and withsearching fuels properties to enable such combustion modes. This study is focused on theimpact of fuel Cetane Number, volatility and chemical composition on Ignition Delay, HeatRelease Rate and Pressure Rise Rate. The study is based on three complementary experiments.First, several synthetic fuel was tested on a research engine and analysis was focused on theHeat Release Rate. Secondly, experiments on a Rapid Compression Machine were performedto study the auto-ignition phenomena at homogeneous conditions with surrogate fuels (blendsof n-Heptane and Methyl-Cyclohexane). Analysis of the combustion regimes was supported bya study of the temperature field based on a Toluene Laser Induced Fluorescence experiment ininert (N2, CO2, Ar) mixture. Finally, the RCM was adapted to allow direct injection of fuel tostudy the auto-ignition at less homogeneous conditions. Results showed the limits of theconventional fuels properties to describe an adequate fuel formulation for the HCCI combustionmode. A new criterion based on the dependency of ignition delays to temperature and air…
Advisors/Committee Members: Bellenoue, Marc (thesis director), Sotton, Julien (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Machine à compression rapide; Régime de combustion; Combustion homogène a allumage par compression; Indice de cétane; Rapid Compression Machine; Combustion regime; Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition; Cetane number
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APA (6th Edition):
Ben Houidi, M. (2014). Etude de l'influence des caractéristiques de carburants de synthèse sur la combustion diesel avancée homogène et partiellement homogène : Study of the impact of properties of synthetic fuels on diesel combustion. (Doctoral Dissertation). Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2014ESMA0013
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ben Houidi, Moez. “Etude de l'influence des caractéristiques de carburants de synthèse sur la combustion diesel avancée homogène et partiellement homogène : Study of the impact of properties of synthetic fuels on diesel combustion.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2014ESMA0013.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ben Houidi, Moez. “Etude de l'influence des caractéristiques de carburants de synthèse sur la combustion diesel avancée homogène et partiellement homogène : Study of the impact of properties of synthetic fuels on diesel combustion.” 2014. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ben Houidi M. Etude de l'influence des caractéristiques de carburants de synthèse sur la combustion diesel avancée homogène et partiellement homogène : Study of the impact of properties of synthetic fuels on diesel combustion. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2014ESMA0013.
Council of Science Editors:
Ben Houidi M. Etude de l'influence des caractéristiques de carburants de synthèse sur la combustion diesel avancée homogène et partiellement homogène : Study of the impact of properties of synthetic fuels on diesel combustion. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique; 2014. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2014ESMA0013
University of Michigan
28.
Zigler, Bradley Thomas.
An Experimental Investigation of the Ignition Properties of Low Temperature Combustion in an Optical Engine.
Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2008, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/60655
► Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine operation offers the potential to provide fuel economy approaching that of traditional diesel engines, with increased compression ratios and…
(more)
▼ Homogeneous charge compression ignition (
HCCI) engine operation offers the potential to provide fuel economy approaching that of traditional diesel engines, with increased
compression ratios and low pumping losses, while simultaneously emitting low NOx and soot due to the
homogeneous, low temperature nature of the combustion.
HCCI, however, comes with unique challenges as fuel mixture chemical kinetics supplant direct
ignition timing control via
spark ignition or injection timing. Improved understanding of the
ignition phenomena that control in-cylinder combustion phasing and duration in
HCCI engines can help overcome the challenges of
HCCI. In particular,
spark-assisted
HCCI combustion has been proposed as a means to extend
HCCI operating limits and to facilitate transition between
spark-
ignition and
HCCI operating modes.
The current work presents the results of an experimental study characterizing the
ignition phenomena observed during
HCCI lean operating conditions using high-speed digital imaging and the optical access provided by a single-cylinder optical research engine. Three fuels (indolene, iso-octane, and pump gasoline) and a range of operating conditions, including
spark-assisted
HCCI operation, were examined.
HCCI combustion was initiated and maintained over a range of lean conditions, from equivalence ratios of phi = 0.69 to 0.27. Time-resolved imaging and pressure data showed high rates of heat release in
HCCI combustion correlated temporally to rapid volumetric
ignition occurring throughout the combustion chamber. Lower rates of heat release were characteristic of spatially-resolved
ignition and subsequent propagation of reaction fronts. Gasoline and indolene exhibited similar
HCCI imaging characteristics and in-cylinder pressure time-histories, while iso-octane showed a dramatic transition into misfire. Preferential
ignition sites within the combustion chamber were identified based on the imaging and were considered clear markers of thermal stratification. The results for iso-octane indicate misfire at low load has distinctly different
ignition characteristics (with well resolved, localized
ignition and propagation) compared to stable
HCCI (with volumetric
ignition).
The results of the
spark-assisted
HCCI study demonstrated that
spark assist stabilized
HCCI combustion and extended lean operating limits for a window of engine operating conditions. The imaging data showed two
ignition regimes exist. One regime is typified by an initial local reaction zone
Advisors/Committee Members: Wooldridge, Margaret S. (committee member), Assanis, Dionissios N. (committee member), Driscoll, James F. (committee member), Filipi, Zoran (committee member), Wooldridge, Steven T. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Combustion; Compression Ignition; Engine; HCCI; Fuel; Homogeneous; Mechanical Engineering; Engineering
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Zigler, B. T. (2008). An Experimental Investigation of the Ignition Properties of Low Temperature Combustion in an Optical Engine. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/60655
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zigler, Bradley Thomas. “An Experimental Investigation of the Ignition Properties of Low Temperature Combustion in an Optical Engine.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/60655.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zigler, Bradley Thomas. “An Experimental Investigation of the Ignition Properties of Low Temperature Combustion in an Optical Engine.” 2008. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Zigler BT. An Experimental Investigation of the Ignition Properties of Low Temperature Combustion in an Optical Engine. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/60655.
Council of Science Editors:
Zigler BT. An Experimental Investigation of the Ignition Properties of Low Temperature Combustion in an Optical Engine. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/60655
University of Victoria
29.
Pitt, Philip Lawrence.
The early phase of spark ignition.
Degree: Department of Physics and Astronomy, 2018, University of Victoria
URL: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9664
► In this dissertation, some practical ignition techniques are presented that show how some problems of lean-burn combustion can be overcome. Then, to shed light on…
(more)
▼ In this dissertation, some practical
ignition techniques are presented that show how some problems of lean-burn combustion can be overcome. Then, to shed light on the effects of the
ignition techniques described, the focus shifts to the more specific problem of the early phase of
spark ignition. Thermal models of
ignition are reviewed. These models treat the energy provided by the electrical discharge as a point source, delivered infinitely fast and creating a spherically symmetric
ignition kernel. The thesis challenges the basis of these thermal models by reviewing the work of many investigators who have clearly shown that the temporal characteristics of the discharge have a profound effect upon
ignition. Photographic evidence of the early phase of
ignition, as well as other evidence from the literature, is also presented. The evidence clearly demonstrates that the morphology of
spark kernels in the early phase of development is toroidal, not spherical as suggested by thermal models. A new perspective for
ignition, a fluid dynamic point of view, is described. The common
ignition devices are then classified according to fluid dynamics. A model describing the behaviour of
spark kernels is presented, which extends a previously established mixing model for plasma jets, to the realm of conventional axial discharges. Comparison of the model behaviour to some limited data is made. The model is modified by including the effect of heat addition from combustion, and
ignition criteria are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Clements, R. M. (supervisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Spark ignition engines
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Pitt, P. L. (2018). The early phase of spark ignition. (Thesis). University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9664
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pitt, Philip Lawrence. “The early phase of spark ignition.” 2018. Thesis, University of Victoria. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9664.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pitt, Philip Lawrence. “The early phase of spark ignition.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Pitt PL. The early phase of spark ignition. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9664.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Pitt PL. The early phase of spark ignition. [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2018. Available from: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9664
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations
