subject:(Heavy Duty Vehicles)

Texas A&M University

1. Gu, Chaoyi. Emission Estimation of Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles by Developing Texas Specific Drive Cycles with Moves.

Degree: MS, Civil Engineering, 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151147

► Driving cycles are acting as the basis of the evaluation of the vehicle performance from air quality point of view, such as fuel consumption or… (more)

▼ Driving cycles are acting as the basis of the evaluation of the vehicle performance from air quality point of view, such as fuel consumption or pollutant emission, especially in emission modeling and emission estimation. The original definition of the driving cycle, or drive schedule, given by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is basically a speed-time trajectory which is able to describe the general driving characteristics and driving patterns. Therefore, the development of drive cycles requires a large amount of real data to realize such “generalization”. Then, with such the eligible data collected, it leads to the development of modeling, from traffic modeling to emission modeling, especially for those pollutant emissions which have the public concern. In this study, focused on heavy duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs), the estimations of the common emissions are being made based on the Texas specific drive cycles, in second-by-second form, collected and generated from five local metropolitan areas, including Houston, Austin, San Antonio, Dallas-Fort Worth and El Paso. First of all, the accurate Global Positioning System (GPS) logging technique is applied for data collection in order to collect not only the moving data but also the relevant geographical information, such as location and roadway, for further analysis. Then, during the progress of data cleaning and data processing, some modifications are made subjectively to improve the deficits of the general methodologies developed by EPA. Afterwards, the specific drive cycles are presented in the format of operating mode distributions, which are also the main part of the input during the emission estimation in Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES). Along with all the Texas specific inputs prepared, both the rates and amount of studied emissions are estimated through MOVES. A further comparison is made between the emission rates of default analysis and local analysis to verify the accuracy of MOVES at project level. It is found that the default estimation made by MOVES is accurate for mid-speed cases, at magnitude level. Significant differences happened in low-speed cases and high-speed cases, in which it shows the importance to develop the local drive cycles when estimating the emission rates regionally. Advisors/Committee Members: Zhang, Yunlong (advisor), Wang, Bruce (committee member), Zitesman, Josias (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Emission Estimation; Heavy-Duty Vehicles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gu, C. (2013). Emission Estimation of Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles by Developing Texas Specific Drive Cycles with Moves. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151147

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gu, Chaoyi. “Emission Estimation of Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles by Developing Texas Specific Drive Cycles with Moves.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151147.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gu, Chaoyi. “Emission Estimation of Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles by Developing Texas Specific Drive Cycles with Moves.” 2013. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gu C. Emission Estimation of Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles by Developing Texas Specific Drive Cycles with Moves. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151147.

Council of Science Editors:

Gu C. Emission Estimation of Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles by Developing Texas Specific Drive Cycles with Moves. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151147

Delft University of Technology

2. Bhoraskar, Akshay (author). Prediction of Fuel Consumption of Long Haul Heavy Duty Vehicles using Machine Learning and Comparison of the Performance of Various Learning Techniques.

Degree: 2019, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:acf934e3-ceeb-49ba-b98e-11f384324aea

► This study aims at a possible solution to predict the fuel consumption of heavy duty diesel trucks, particularly, the tractor semitrailer for their long haul… (more)

▼ This study aims at a possible solution to predict the fuel consumption of heavy duty diesel trucks, particularly, the tractor semitrailer for their long haul operations using various machine learning techniques. It intends to provide a possible alternative to simulation or physics based models, which often are very complicated. The stringent laws on emission control set by the Paris Agreement and the fact that heavy duty trucks contribute to almost 27% of CO2 emissions from road transport and their dependence on diesel for operations (in long haul) makes it the need of the hour to first, have an estimate on the emissions being produced and second, to develop technologies to reduce those emissions. This study focuses specifically on the first part i.e., estimating the amount of fuel consumed by heavy duty trucks in the European Union and thereby determine the emissions being produced. The main objective is to examine whether an approach of machine learning could be a viable option to predict fuel consumption. This thesis is part of the AEROFLEX project and was done in collaboration with TNO, which provided all the data-sets required for the study. The idea was to explore the regime of machine learning for one time step ahead prediction of fuel consumption. Furthermore, this study also focused on the development of another model by not using any variables affected by the driver as input into the training model. This exclusion was necessary to make sure the model remained adaptive to new routes and new trucks, especially because large scale on-road testing of the newly developed trucks is impossible and also because this way would help predict the fuel consumed by a truck without the necessity of it driving on a road. The study concludes with a comparison with an existing simulation model at TNO and provide an alternative machine learning solution. It also provides a comparison between different machine learning techniques and suggest the most accurate one. It was found that machine learning could potentially be used to predict the amount of fuel consumed by a long haul heavy duty truck driving on a motorway. It was also found that engine torque was the variable that affected the fuel consumption of the truck the most. Furthermore, Neural Network was the most potent algorithm among all the other learning techniques for both the models developed in this study with it performing better than the simulation tool by a factor of approximately 3.8 in the model where the driver/drive influenced inputs were not considered in the training data-set. The results obtained from this work at a sampling frequency of 10 Hz. (i.e., 0.1 seconds) are comparable to the ones reported by other sources at a sampling rate of 0.016 Hz. (i.e., 1 minute) or 0.0016 Hz. (i.e., 10 minutes). This goes on to say that the machine learning algorithms are also potent at much higher sampling frequencies. Advisors/Committee Members: Pan, Wei (mentor), Wisse, Martijn (graduation committee), Knoop, Victor (graduation committee), van Eijk, Emiel (graduation committee), Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution).

Subjects/Keywords: Fuel Prediction; Machine Learning; Heavy duty vehicles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bhoraskar, A. (. (2019). Prediction of Fuel Consumption of Long Haul Heavy Duty Vehicles using Machine Learning and Comparison of the Performance of Various Learning Techniques. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:acf934e3-ceeb-49ba-b98e-11f384324aea

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bhoraskar, Akshay (author). “Prediction of Fuel Consumption of Long Haul Heavy Duty Vehicles using Machine Learning and Comparison of the Performance of Various Learning Techniques.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:acf934e3-ceeb-49ba-b98e-11f384324aea.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bhoraskar, Akshay (author). “Prediction of Fuel Consumption of Long Haul Heavy Duty Vehicles using Machine Learning and Comparison of the Performance of Various Learning Techniques.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bhoraskar A(. Prediction of Fuel Consumption of Long Haul Heavy Duty Vehicles using Machine Learning and Comparison of the Performance of Various Learning Techniques. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:acf934e3-ceeb-49ba-b98e-11f384324aea.

Council of Science Editors:

Bhoraskar A(. Prediction of Fuel Consumption of Long Haul Heavy Duty Vehicles using Machine Learning and Comparison of the Performance of Various Learning Techniques. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2019. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:acf934e3-ceeb-49ba-b98e-11f384324aea

Linköping University

3. Lartén, Carl-Philip. Modeling and Identification of Air Suspension in Heavy-Duty Vehicles.

Degree: Automatic Control, 2016, Linköping University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131758

► A heavy-duty vehicle can benefit from the height control of the chassis that anair suspension provides. For example, to retain a pitch angle parallel… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Modeling; Air Suspension; Heavy-Duty; Vehicles; Trucks; Identification

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lartén, C. (2016). Modeling and Identification of Air Suspension in Heavy-Duty Vehicles. (Thesis). Linköping University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131758

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lartén, Carl-Philip. “Modeling and Identification of Air Suspension in Heavy-Duty Vehicles.” 2016. Thesis, Linköping University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131758.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lartén, Carl-Philip. “Modeling and Identification of Air Suspension in Heavy-Duty Vehicles.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lartén C. Modeling and Identification of Air Suspension in Heavy-Duty Vehicles. [Internet] [Thesis]. Linköping University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131758.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lartén C. Modeling and Identification of Air Suspension in Heavy-Duty Vehicles. [Thesis]. Linköping University; 2016. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131758

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Delft University of Technology

4. Huismans, Hilde (author). Electric trucks: wishful thinking or the real deal?: The potential of electric tractor-trailers as a means of CO2,eq reduction in the Netherlands by 2030.

Degree: 2018, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec7af087-834b-4e50-a07d-1fd881167666

►

In this thesis a simplified vehicle model was developed using linear correlations between incidental power demand and energy usage at four different stages: 1) propulsion,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Electric Vehicles; heavy duty vehicle; model development; life cycle; Emissions; TCO

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APA (6^th Edition):

Huismans, H. (. (2018). Electric trucks: wishful thinking or the real deal?: The potential of electric tractor-trailers as a means of CO2,eq reduction in the Netherlands by 2030. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec7af087-834b-4e50-a07d-1fd881167666

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Huismans, Hilde (author). “Electric trucks: wishful thinking or the real deal?: The potential of electric tractor-trailers as a means of CO2,eq reduction in the Netherlands by 2030.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec7af087-834b-4e50-a07d-1fd881167666.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Huismans, Hilde (author). “Electric trucks: wishful thinking or the real deal?: The potential of electric tractor-trailers as a means of CO2,eq reduction in the Netherlands by 2030.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Huismans H(. Electric trucks: wishful thinking or the real deal?: The potential of electric tractor-trailers as a means of CO2,eq reduction in the Netherlands by 2030. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec7af087-834b-4e50-a07d-1fd881167666.

Council of Science Editors:

Huismans H(. Electric trucks: wishful thinking or the real deal?: The potential of electric tractor-trailers as a means of CO2,eq reduction in the Netherlands by 2030. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2018. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec7af087-834b-4e50-a07d-1fd881167666

5. Manjunath, Adarsh. Analysis and modelling of drivers’ responses to safety-critical lane changes performed by heavy vehicles .

Degree: Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för mekanik och maritima vetenskaper, 2019, Chalmers University of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/300569

► According to the National Highway Transport Safety Administration (NHTSA), around 240,000-610,000 crashes due to lane change are reported to the police annually. In addition, over… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Automated driving; Human Factors; Driver models; Heavy Duty vehicles; Automated Trucks

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APA (6^th Edition):

Manjunath, A. (2019). Analysis and modelling of drivers’ responses to safety-critical lane changes performed by heavy vehicles . (Thesis). Chalmers University of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/300569

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Manjunath, Adarsh. “Analysis and modelling of drivers’ responses to safety-critical lane changes performed by heavy vehicles .” 2019. Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/300569.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Manjunath, Adarsh. “Analysis and modelling of drivers’ responses to safety-critical lane changes performed by heavy vehicles .” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Manjunath A. Analysis and modelling of drivers’ responses to safety-critical lane changes performed by heavy vehicles . [Internet] [Thesis]. Chalmers University of Technology; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/300569.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Manjunath A. Analysis and modelling of drivers’ responses to safety-critical lane changes performed by heavy vehicles . [Thesis]. Chalmers University of Technology; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/300569

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Virginia Tech

6. Abdelmegeed, Mohamed Ahmed Elbadawy Taha. Development of a Microscopic Emission Modeling Framework for On-Road Vehicles.

Degree: PhD, Civil Engineering, 2017, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77537

► The transportation sector has a significant impact on the environment both nationally and globally since it is a major vehicle fuel consumption and emissions contributor.… (more)

▼ The transportation sector has a significant impact on the environment both nationally and globally since it is a major vehicle fuel consumption and emissions contributor. These emissions are considered a major environmental threat. Consequently, decision makers desperately need tools that can estimate vehicle emissions accurately to quantify the impact of transportation operational projects on the environment. Microscopic fuel consumption and emission models should be capable of computing vehicle emissions reliably to assist decision makers in developing emission mitigation strategies. However, the majority of current state-of-the-art models suffer from two major shortcomings, namely; they either produce a bang-bang control system because they use a linear fuel consumption versus power model or they cannot be calibrated using publicly available data and thus require expensive laboratory or field data collection. Consequently, this dissertation attempts to fill this gap in state-of-the-art emission modeling through a framework based on the Virginia Tech Comprehensive Power-Based Fuel consumption Model (VT-CPFM), which overcomes the above mentioned drawbacks. Specifically, VT-CPFM does not result in a bang-bang control and can be calibrated using publicly available vehicle and road pavement parameters. The main emphasis of this dissertation is to develop a simple and reliable emission model that is able to compute instantaneous emission rates of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the light-duty vehicles (LDVs) and heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDDTs). The proposed extension is entitled Virginia Tech Comprehensive Power-Based Fuel consumption and Emission Model (VT-CPFEM). The study proposes two square root models where the first model structure is a cubic polynomial function that depends on fuel estimates derived solely from VT-CPFM fuel estimates, which enhances the simplicity of the model. The second modeling framework combines the cubic function of the VT-CPFM fuel estimates with a linear speed term. The additional speed term improves the accuracy of the model and can be used as a reference for the driving condition of the vehicle. Moreover, the model is tested and compared with existing models to demonstrate the robustness of the model. Furthermore, the performance of the model was further investigated by applying the model on driving cycles based on real-world driving conditions. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the model in replicating empirical observations reliably and simply with only two parameters. Advisors/Committee Members: Rakha, Hesham A. (committeechair), Marr, Linsey C. (committee member), Nelson, Douglas J. (committee member), Ahn, Kyoungho (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Fuel consumption and emission modeling; Microscopic modeling; Virginia Tech Comprehensive Power-Based Fuel Model; Light-duty vehicles; Heavy-duty diesel trucks

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APA (6^th Edition):

Abdelmegeed, M. A. E. T. (2017). Development of a Microscopic Emission Modeling Framework for On-Road Vehicles. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77537

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Abdelmegeed, Mohamed Ahmed Elbadawy Taha. “Development of a Microscopic Emission Modeling Framework for On-Road Vehicles.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77537.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Abdelmegeed, Mohamed Ahmed Elbadawy Taha. “Development of a Microscopic Emission Modeling Framework for On-Road Vehicles.” 2017. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Abdelmegeed MAET. Development of a Microscopic Emission Modeling Framework for On-Road Vehicles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77537.

Council of Science Editors:

Abdelmegeed MAET. Development of a Microscopic Emission Modeling Framework for On-Road Vehicles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77537

University of California – Riverside

7. Gysel, Nicholas R. Strategies for Improvement in Air Quality Around Ports and Urban Communities.

Degree: Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 2015, University of California – Riverside

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0v49f280

► This dissertation evaluates emissions from several potentially significant emission sources including marine vessels, harbor craft, heavy duty vehicles, commercial cooking and natural gas fired turbines.… (more)

▼ This dissertation evaluates emissions from several potentially significant emission sources including marine vessels, harbor craft, heavy duty vehicles, commercial cooking and natural gas fired turbines. PM and air toxics released to the atmosphere negatively impact air quality and human health. This dissertation characterizes the effects of newer technology fuels, aftertreatment and engine technology on ocean going vessels (OGVs) and harbor craft. In-use gaseous and particulate matter emissions were measured in real-time at sea aboard a very large crude carrier (VLCC) to evaluate a low sulfur heavy fuel oil (HFO) (110 ppm) as a potential replacement for marine gas oil (MGO). Results show that both NOx and PM2.5 emissions were still ~4% and ~69% lower with MGO compared to low sulfur HFO. Further, the impact of a hydrotreated algae fuel was characterized from a marine diesel generator aboard a Stalwart class marine vessel. NOx emissions showed slight benefits while PM2.5 emissions were similar when switching from the ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD) to the hydrotreated algae diesel fuel blend (33% by volume). Finally, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and diesel particulate filter (DPF) aftertreatment controls installed aboard a tugboat led to significant reductions of NOx (~92%) and PM2.5 (~96%) emissions. This dissertation further characterizes the effectiveness of commercial cooking technologies on the physical and chemical nature of particle mass, particle number and gaseous toxics from commercial cooking operations. Finally, this dissertation describes improved methodologies for characterizing PM emissions from natural gas fired turbines. Findings include that PM emissions from natural gas turbines are very low, with the effluent below national ambient air quality standards. The effects of varying dilution parameters such as dilution ratio, residence time, relative humidity and dilution temperature on particle mass from these sources were further characterized in this dissertation.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental engineering; Commercial Cooking Emissions; Harbor Craft; Heavy Duty Vehicles; Natural Gas Turbines; OGVs

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gysel, N. R. (2015). Strategies for Improvement in Air Quality Around Ports and Urban Communities. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0v49f280

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gysel, Nicholas R. “Strategies for Improvement in Air Quality Around Ports and Urban Communities.” 2015. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0v49f280.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gysel, Nicholas R. “Strategies for Improvement in Air Quality Around Ports and Urban Communities.” 2015. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gysel NR. Strategies for Improvement in Air Quality Around Ports and Urban Communities. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0v49f280.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gysel NR. Strategies for Improvement in Air Quality Around Ports and Urban Communities. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2015. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0v49f280

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

8. Jiang, Yu. Emissions and Their Implications From Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles and Marine Engines.

Degree: Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 2018, University of California – Riverside

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4fj6h1v7

► This dissertation evaluated emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs) and marine engines under a variety of different conditions. This dissertation characterizes the NOx emissions of… (more)

▼ This dissertation evaluated emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs) and marine engines under a variety of different conditions. This dissertation characterizes the NOx emissions of five 2010 and newer, low-mileage, HDDVs equipped with diesel particulate filters (DPFs) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems were evaluated over test cycles representing urban, highway, and stop-and-go driving on a chassis dynamometer. This information can be used to develop “zero mile” emission rates (ZMRs) for emissions inventory modes. It is important to investigate and understand the differences between certification and in-use emission rates and to understand the factors contributing to these differences and discrepancies. This dissertation evaluated two 2010-compliant HDDVs using an engine-dynamometer, a chassis-dynamometer, and on-road. The results showed that in-use NOx emissions over urban driving cycles of chassis dynamometer, on-road testing and engine dynamometer tests were above the 0.2 g/bhp-hr certification level for both vehicles, with higher emissions for the on-road and chassis dynamometer testing. The differences between the tailpipe NOx emissions could be attributed to several factors, including differences in SCR inlet temperatures, and engine out NOx emissions. The SCR efficiencies were found to be impacted by the SCR inlet temperature. The SCR efficiencies were as a function of load, especially for the manufacturers B truck. The Not to Exceed (NTE) analysis shows that the NTE method has the limitation that it represents only a small percent of real-world operation.The implementation of an enhanced heavy-duty (HD) Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) program could be a critical element in ensuring the emissions performance of HDDVs over their full useful life. A prototype HD I/M pilot study was conducted where the emissions of 47 vehicles were measured before and after repair. The vehicles showed good reductions post-repair for NOx for some of the higher emitting vehicles, but not significant PM reductions. Based on a review of the potential methods, a comprehensive HD I/M program was proposed with OBD as the primary methodology, remote sensing for validation testing, and mini-PEMS for dispute resolution.It is important to understand black carbon (BC) emission factors from ships from human health and environmental perspectives. A study of instruments measuring BC and fuels typically used in marine operation was carried out on a small marine engine with and without a sampling condition (SC) system. Six analytical methods measured the BC emissions in the exhaust of the marine engine operated at two load points while burning three fuels. The results showed that both higher engine loads and higher sulfur fuels contributed to higher BC emission factors with engine load having the biggest impact on BC emissions. There was a spread of about a factor of two in the BC emissions measured by the 6 different methods. The SC system improved the comparability of some BC measurements, but only slightly.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental engineering; Mechanics; Black carbon; Emissions; Heavy-duty Diesel Vehicles; Marine Engines; NOx; PM

10 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jiang, Y. (2018). Emissions and Their Implications From Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles and Marine Engines. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4fj6h1v7

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jiang, Yu. “Emissions and Their Implications From Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles and Marine Engines.” 2018. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4fj6h1v7.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jiang, Yu. “Emissions and Their Implications From Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles and Marine Engines.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Jiang Y. Emissions and Their Implications From Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles and Marine Engines. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4fj6h1v7.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jiang Y. Emissions and Their Implications From Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles and Marine Engines. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2018. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4fj6h1v7

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

9. Johansson, Simon. Improving Accuracy and Efficiency of Aerodynamic Simulations for Heavy Vehicles .

Degree: Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för mekanik och maritima vetenskaper, 2020, Chalmers University of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/301060

► Heavy-duty vehicles are a necessity in the current society but they answer to 6% of the total CO2 emissions in Europe. Therefore new regulations are… (more)

▼ Heavy-duty vehicles are a necessity in the current society but they answer to 6% of the total CO2 emissions in Europe. Therefore new regulations are set by the European Union to limit those emissions. These limits make the losses of the vehicles an important factor and especially aerodynamic drag. Reducing the aerodynamic drag calls for good developing methods and accurate predictions. This means that validations and limitations of the methods are needed. This thesis will investigate a CFD method by creating a base case simulation and validate this against wind tunnel test. The method will use unsteady simulations to capture transient behaviour in the flow. A statistical confidence intervals for the averaged values as well as a starting point for the averaging will be presented. Further, the spatial mesh will be studied and the effects of the number of inner iterations will be presented. The validation of the base case will be stated as differences in the coefficients Cd , Cs , and Cp to understand advantages and disadvantages of the method. The frequency content from the time-resolved coefficients will also be studied. When a well-defined base setup has been validated the temporal resolution will be investigated to see how it affects the results. This will be done for increased time steps as well as a significantly reduced time step. The significantly reduced time step ensures the CFL number to be less than unity in the entire domain. The validation of the base case shows that there is an error in Cd of 45 ± 7 drag counts for the base case and that the error in pressure on the rear end of the truck is yaw angle dependent. The error in Cd is almost fully explained by the error in pressure on the rear end of the truck. The result from the simulations with different time steps show that for a fully resolved flow very fine time steps are needed to keep the CFL number less than unity in the majority of the domain, but if global force coefficients are of primary interest the time step can be increased moderately without significant changes. It is also found that the force coefficients alone are not a good estimators of how the method performs since errors can cancel each other. This means that a coarser mesh or a longer time step can generate a smaller error compared to wind tunnel tests but this is not reflecting the actual accuracy of the method.

Subjects/Keywords: Heavy-duty vehicles; Aerodynamics; CFD; Wind tunnel correlation; Absolute accuracy; Temporal resolution

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Johansson, S. (2020). Improving Accuracy and Efficiency of Aerodynamic Simulations for Heavy Vehicles . (Thesis). Chalmers University of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/301060

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johansson, Simon. “Improving Accuracy and Efficiency of Aerodynamic Simulations for Heavy Vehicles .” 2020. Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/301060.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johansson, Simon. “Improving Accuracy and Efficiency of Aerodynamic Simulations for Heavy Vehicles .” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Johansson S. Improving Accuracy and Efficiency of Aerodynamic Simulations for Heavy Vehicles . [Internet] [Thesis]. Chalmers University of Technology; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/301060.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Johansson S. Improving Accuracy and Efficiency of Aerodynamic Simulations for Heavy Vehicles . [Thesis]. Chalmers University of Technology; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/301060

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

IUPUI

10. Kobold, Daniel, Jr. Vocation Clustering for Heavy-Duty Vehicles.

Degree: 2020, IUPUI

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1805/24785

►

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)

The identification of the vocation of an unknown heavy-duty vehicle is valuable to parts manufacturers who may not have otherwise… (more)

▼

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)

The identification of the vocation of an unknown heavy-duty vehicle is valuable to parts manufacturers who may not have otherwise access to this information on a consistent basis. This study proposes a methodology for vocation identification that is based on clustering techniques. Two clustering algorithms are considered: K-Means and Expectation Maximization. These algorithms are used to first construct the operating profile of each vocation from a set of vehicles with known vocations. The vocation of an unknown vehicle is then determined using different assignment methods. These methods fall under two main categories: one-versus-all and one-versus-one. The one-versus-all approach compares an unknown vehicle to all potential vocations. The one-versus-one approach compares the unknown vehicle to two vocations at a time in a tournament fashion. Two types of tournaments are investigated: round-robin and bracket. The accuracy and efficiency of each of the methods is evaluated using the NREL FleetDNA dataset. The study revealed that some of the vocations may have unique operating profiles and are therefore easily distinguishable from others. Other vocations, however, can have confounding profiles. This indicates that different vocations may benefit from profiles with varying number of clusters. Determining the optimal number of clusters for each vocation can not only improve the assignment accuracy, but also enhance the computational efficiency of the application. The optimal number of clusters for each vocation is determined using both static and dynamic techniques. Static approaches refer to methods that are completed prior to training and may require multiple iterations. Dynamic techniques involve clusters being split or removed during training. The results show that the accuracy of dynamic techniques is comparable to that of static approaches while benefiting from a reduced computational time.

Advisors/Committee Members: Ben-Miled, Zina, King, Brian S., Dos Santos, Euzeli C..

Subjects/Keywords: Heavy-Duty Vehicles; Vocation Clustering; Classification; Expectation-Maximization; K-Means; Clustering; Vocation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Kobold, Daniel, J. (2020). Vocation Clustering for Heavy-Duty Vehicles. (Thesis). IUPUI. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1805/24785

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kobold, Daniel, Jr. “Vocation Clustering for Heavy-Duty Vehicles.” 2020. Thesis, IUPUI. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/24785.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kobold, Daniel, Jr. “Vocation Clustering for Heavy-Duty Vehicles.” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kobold, Daniel J. Vocation Clustering for Heavy-Duty Vehicles. [Internet] [Thesis]. IUPUI; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1805/24785.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kobold, Daniel J. Vocation Clustering for Heavy-Duty Vehicles. [Thesis]. IUPUI; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1805/24785

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Michigan

11. Reynolds, Christina. Decarbonizing Freight Transport: Mobile Carbon Capture from Heavy-Duty Vehicles.

Degree: PhD, Environmental Engineering, 2019, University of Michigan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/151521

► Predictions for future carbon dioxide emission reductions largely rely on power generation shifts to renewable energy sources and passenger vehicle electrification, while emissions from on-road… (more)

▼ Predictions for future carbon dioxide emission reductions largely rely on power generation shifts to renewable energy sources and passenger vehicle electrification, while emissions from on-road freight shipping using heavy-duty vehicles (HDV) are expected to increase significantly over the coming decades. Mobile carbon capture (MCC) using porous solid adsorbents is a yet unexplored decarbonization strategy, the evaluation of which requires a study of the ideal materials and conditions for capture as well as the environmental, economic, and social implications of a global mobile carbon capture program for heavy-duty vehicles (HDVCC). While many porous materials are researched as carbon capture adsorbents, their carbon dioxide storage capacity at higher temperatures, in the range of 40°C to 75ºC and representative of vehicle exhaust streams, is critical to assess performance under realistic conditions. To quantify the impact on uptake capacity of elevated temperatures characteristic of vehicle exhaust, pressure swing isotherms were conducted on eight commercially available porous adsorbents at temperatures from 25°C to 100ºC. The materials tested included two activated carbons, two zeolite molecular sieves, and four metal-organic framework (MOF) adsorbents. An average decrease of 25% in the CO2 adsorption capacity was observed for zeolites, activated carbons, and MOFs at 101 kPa pressure for each 15ºC stepwise increase in the measured isotherm. Isosteric heats of adsorption are obtained for each material using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and are in good agreement with adsorption enthalpies reported for these materials at similar temperatures. Among the materials considered, the reduction in CO2 adsorption capacity with increasing temperature is least pronounced for zeolites 5A and 13X, which correspondingly have the largest heats of adsorption for carbon dioxide. Candidate materials for HDVCC were then examined through a series of adsorption tests using dynamic flow of representative exhaust gas blends containing CO2, CO, NO, and H2O at temperatures and pressures characteristic of tailpipe exhaust. Of the materials tested, Zeolite 5A is a prime candidate for MCC, capturing approximately 11 weight % from representative wet diesel exhaust. Uptake can be further enhanced by cooling or removing water vapor from the exhaust gas; adding a high surface area heat exchanger prior to the adsorption bed accomplishes both, increasing capture to 15 weight %. After establishing the technical feasibility of capturing carbon from HDV, we then explore if HDVCC is a viable and sustainable decarbonization strategy for the transportation sector. Publications addressing MCC claim it is cost-prohibitive because of high mass requirements, often offering direct air capture as a better means of indirectly reducing vehicle emissions. In the economic evaluation, we show that the hypothetical carbon abatement cost of HDVCC is competitive with both stationary carbon capture and battery electric vehicles at ~$100/tCO2 avoided. The… Advisors/Committee Members: Lastoskie, Christian M (committee member), Keppel-Aleks, Gretchen (committee member), Clack, Herek (committee member), Ellis, Brian Robert (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: carbon capture; vehicle emissions; heavy-duty vehicles; sustainability; adsorption onto porous solids; Civil and Environmental Engineering; Engineering

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Reynolds, C. (2019). Decarbonizing Freight Transport: Mobile Carbon Capture from Heavy-Duty Vehicles. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/151521

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reynolds, Christina. “Decarbonizing Freight Transport: Mobile Carbon Capture from Heavy-Duty Vehicles.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/151521.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reynolds, Christina. “Decarbonizing Freight Transport: Mobile Carbon Capture from Heavy-Duty Vehicles.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Reynolds C. Decarbonizing Freight Transport: Mobile Carbon Capture from Heavy-Duty Vehicles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/151521.

Council of Science Editors:

Reynolds C. Decarbonizing Freight Transport: Mobile Carbon Capture from Heavy-Duty Vehicles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/151521

Universidade Nova

12. Schröder, Marc Frederic. Eco-friendly 3d-routing : a GIS based 3d-routing-model to estimate and reduce co2-emissions of distribution transports.

Degree: 2018, Universidade Nova

URL: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/33651

► Road Freight Transportation accounts for a significant share of the worldwide CO2-Emissions, indicating that respective operations are not sustainable. Regarding the forecasted increase in CO2-Emissions… (more)

▼ Road Freight Transportation accounts for a significant share of the worldwide CO2-Emissions, indicating that respective operations are not sustainable. Regarding the forecasted increase in CO2-Emissions from Road Freight Transportation, this sector needs to undertake responsibilities for its environmental impact. Although technical and strategic solutions to reduce emissions have been introduced or are in development, such solutions rarely yield instant emission reduction potentials. A strategic approach to reduce them instantly, based on the given infrastructure and existing vehicle fleet, is represented through route optimization. Route optimization is a well-researched topic in the transportation domain. However, it is mainly used to reduce transportation times and expenses. Rising expectation towards sustainability through stakeholders such as authorities and consumers, let to an increased interest in route optimization where environmental externalities as fuel consumption and CO2-Emissions are minimized. This paper introduces a Geographic Information System (GIS) based 3D-Routing-Model, which incorporates models to estimate vehicle fuel consumption while taking effects as road inclination and varying velocities into account. The proposed model utilizes a Digital Elevation Model to enrich a Road Network with elevation data – An approach which is applicable to any area where respective data is available. To evaluate the effects of road inclination on a vehicles fuel consumption and its proportional CO2-Emissions, the 3D-Routing-Model is applied in different distribution scenarios within the framework of an artificial company in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The obtained results indicate that eco-friendly routes can yield significant fuel and emission saving potentials of up to 20 % in the tested scenarios. However, the results also indicate that eco-friendly routes are characterized through longer distances as well as operation times, which eventually leads to increased expenses. It remains the question if companies within the transportation sector are more interested in maximizing their profits, or to invest in a sustainable future. Advisors/Committee Members: Cabral, Pedro da Costa Brito, Hapering, Sven, Muñoz, Andrés.

Subjects/Keywords: 3D-Road-Network; ArcGIS; CO2-Emissions; Digital Elevation Model; GIS Applications; Green Logistics; Green Routing; Heavy-Duty-Vehicles; Route Optimization

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Schröder, M. F. (2018). Eco-friendly 3d-routing : a GIS based 3d-routing-model to estimate and reduce co2-emissions of distribution transports. (Thesis). Universidade Nova. Retrieved from https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/33651

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schröder, Marc Frederic. “Eco-friendly 3d-routing : a GIS based 3d-routing-model to estimate and reduce co2-emissions of distribution transports.” 2018. Thesis, Universidade Nova. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/33651.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schröder, Marc Frederic. “Eco-friendly 3d-routing : a GIS based 3d-routing-model to estimate and reduce co2-emissions of distribution transports.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Schröder MF. Eco-friendly 3d-routing : a GIS based 3d-routing-model to estimate and reduce co2-emissions of distribution transports. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/33651.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Schröder MF. Eco-friendly 3d-routing : a GIS based 3d-routing-model to estimate and reduce co2-emissions of distribution transports. [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2018. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/33651

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Linköping University

13. Törnroth, Oscar. Design and Implementation of a Strategy for Path Tracking on Autonomous Heavy-Duty Vehicles.

Degree: Vehicular Systems, 2018, Linköping University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149266

►

In this thesis, a combined feedforward and feedback controller for improved path tracking on autonomous heavy-duty vehicles is designed and implemented. The steering wheel… (more)

▼

In this thesis, a combined feedforward and feedback controller for improved path tracking on autonomous heavy-duty vehicles is designed and implemented. The steering wheel is controlled in order to follow a reference curvature, computed by a higher-level MPC, responsible for minimizing the distance to a planned path. The steering dynamics, from steering wheel via wheel angles, to a measurable vehicle curvature, is modeled, and a conversion from desired curvature gain to input angle to the steering wheel is derived. Tests with an autonomous Scania R580 show that the desired curvature can be followed with satisfactory small error, both in a designed slalom path and on a more generic test track. By utilizing future curvature values computed by the MPC, a non-causal feedforward controller can reduce the delay from input to the steering wheel to a measured response in curvature, by almost two thirds, compared to the currently implemented solution. Compared to an open-loop control design, tests in simulation show that a feedback controller can reduce errors in curvature gain. However, with the identified steering dynamics and the improved conversion from steering wheel angle to curvature, no further improvement in the curvature gain was seen when implementing the feedback controller in the test vehicle. Care must also be taken not to introduce instability in the system when the feedback controller is implemented in series with a high-level MPC.

Den här rapporten beskriver design och implementering av en regulator med kombinerad framkoppling och återkoppling för förbättrad banföljning av autonoma tunga fordon. Fordonets ratt styrs för att följa en kurvaturreferens beräknad av en överordnad MPC, ansvarig för att minimera avståndet till en planerad bana. Dynamiken i styrningen, från ratten via hjulvinklarna till en mätbar kurvatur för fordonet, är modellerad. En översättning från önskad förstärkning av kurvatur till insignal för rattvinkeln är också framtagen. Tester utförda med en autonom Scania R580 visar att den önskade kurvaturen kan följas med tillfredsställande litet fel, både i en egendesignad slalombana och i en mer generisk testbana. Genom att utnyttja framtida referensvärden för kurvatur beräknade av MPC:n, kan en icke-kausal framkopplande regulator minska fördröjningen från insignal till ratten till en mätbar respons i fordonets kurvatur. Jämfört med den nuvarande lösningen minskas fördröjningen med nästan två tredjedelar. Jämfört med en öppen styrning visar tester i simulering att en återkoppling i regulatorn kan minska stationära fel i kurvatur. Med implementeringen av den identifierade styrdynamiken och den förbättrade översättningen från rattvinkel till kurvatur, syntes dock med återkoppling ingen ytterliggare förbättring i testfordonet. Implementering av den återkopplande regulatorn i serie med den överordnade MPC:n behöver också göras med omsorg för att inte introducera instabilitet i systemet.

Subjects/Keywords: Control Engineering; Control Architecture; Autonomous Vehicles; Heavy-Duty Vehicles; Motion Control; Path Tracking; Curvature Tracking; Lateral Control; Steering Systems; Feedforward Control Systems; System Identification; Understeering; Control Engineering; Reglerteknik

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Törnroth, O. (2018). Design and Implementation of a Strategy for Path Tracking on Autonomous Heavy-Duty Vehicles. (Thesis). Linköping University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149266

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Törnroth, Oscar. “Design and Implementation of a Strategy for Path Tracking on Autonomous Heavy-Duty Vehicles.” 2018. Thesis, Linköping University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149266.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Törnroth, Oscar. “Design and Implementation of a Strategy for Path Tracking on Autonomous Heavy-Duty Vehicles.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Törnroth O. Design and Implementation of a Strategy for Path Tracking on Autonomous Heavy-Duty Vehicles. [Internet] [Thesis]. Linköping University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149266.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Törnroth O. Design and Implementation of a Strategy for Path Tracking on Autonomous Heavy-Duty Vehicles. [Thesis]. Linköping University; 2018. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149266

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universitat Politècnica de València

14. Ramírez Roa, Leonardo Andrés. Contribution to the Assessment of the Potential of Low Viscosity Engine Oils to Reduce ICE Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions .

Degree: 2016, Universitat Politècnica de València

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73068

► [EN] The automotive industry is currently experiencing one of its most rapidly changing periods in recent decades, driven by a growing interest in reducing the… (more)

▼ [EN] The automotive industry is currently experiencing one of its most rapidly changing periods in recent decades, driven by a growing interest in reducing the negative environmental impacts caused by fossil fuels consumption and the resulting carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions generated during the operation of the internal combustion engine (ICE) which have proven to contribute significantly to Global Warming. Given the fact that a total replacement of the current fleet, dependent of fossil fuels, is unlikely to happen in the immediate future and the urgency to reducing CO2 emissions from transportation in order to tackle Global Warming, it is possible to say that optimizing current ICE technologies and conventional vehicles and engines is a first order priority. Among the technical solutions developed to improve the efficiency of ICE, low viscosity engine oils (LVEO) have emerged as an effective and low-cost method that provides reductions in fuel consumption between 0.5% and 5%. During the development of this thesis, a test plan focused on determining fuel consumption reduction when low viscosity oils are used in light duty vehicles (LDV) and heavy duty vehicles (HDV) were carried out. The test plan has been divided in three parts; the first part was focused on the study of light-duty vehicles (LDV) using one diesel engine representative of the European market. During this part three testing modes were used: comparative motored, fired stationary points and transient homologation cycle tests. All test were performed in the engine test bed. The second part of the study consisted of another comparative test, this time using a different engine oils in a HDV fleet. The study was conducted using the urban buses fleet of the city of Valencia, including 3 buses models , with 2 different powertrain technologies. The third part of the study was focused on the friction coefficient behavior within the engine tribological pairs making comparative tests in two specialized tribometers; one of reciprocating action to simulate the lubrication conditions in the piston ring-cylinder liner contact and a "ball-on-disk" tribometer to simulate the lubrication in the distribution system. The various comparative studies have served to analyze how the friction and fuel consumption responded when LVEO were used both in the ICE and the complete vehicle contexts. The fuel consumption benefit found during the test was used to calculate the carbon footprint reduction when LVEO were used.; [ES] Actualmente la industria de la automoción vive uno de los periodos de cambio más vertiginosos de las últimas décadas, marcado por un creciente interés en reducir los impactos medioambientales negativos generados por el consumo de combustibles fósiles y sus consecuentes emisiones nocivas de dioxido de carbono (CO2) generados durante el funcionamiento del motor de combustión interna alternativo (MCIA). Teniendo en cuenta que el proceso de sustitución de la flota actual por una totalmente independiente de los combustibles fósiles puede tomar varias décadas, y… Advisors/Committee Members: Tormos Martínez, Bernardo Vicente (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Engine Fuel Consumption; Tribology; Low Viscosity Engine Oils; Real Fleet Testing; Engine Parametric Testing; HFRR, Ball-on-Disc; CO2 Emissions Reduction; NEDC, Screening Testing, Sommerfeld Number, Heavy Duty Vehicles, Light Duty Vehicles.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ramírez Roa, L. A. (2016). Contribution to the Assessment of the Potential of Low Viscosity Engine Oils to Reduce ICE Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions . (Doctoral Dissertation). Universitat Politècnica de València. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73068

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ramírez Roa, Leonardo Andrés. “Contribution to the Assessment of the Potential of Low Viscosity Engine Oils to Reduce ICE Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions .” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Universitat Politècnica de València. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73068.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ramírez Roa, Leonardo Andrés. “Contribution to the Assessment of the Potential of Low Viscosity Engine Oils to Reduce ICE Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions .” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ramírez Roa LA. Contribution to the Assessment of the Potential of Low Viscosity Engine Oils to Reduce ICE Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universitat Politècnica de València; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73068.

Council of Science Editors:

Ramírez Roa LA. Contribution to the Assessment of the Potential of Low Viscosity Engine Oils to Reduce ICE Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions . [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universitat Politècnica de València; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73068

KTH

15. Markovic, Bratislav. Data driven estimation of cabin dynamics in heavy-duty vehicles.

Degree: Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), 2019, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276946

►

With increasing demand for autonomous systems and self-driving heavy-dutyvehicles there is an even more increasing demand for safety. In order to achievedesired safety level… (more)

▼

With increasing demand for autonomous systems and self-driving heavy-dutyvehicles there is an even more increasing demand for safety. In order to achievedesired safety level on the public roads, engineers have to tackle many technicalissues, like decision making, object detection and perception. In order to detect anobject or to have an understanding of its surroundings, autonomous heavy-dutyvehicles are equipped with different types of sensors. These sensors are placed ondifferent parts of the autonomous truck. The fact that some parts of the truckare highly dynamical introduces additional disturbances to the signals comingfrom onboard sensors. One of the most dynamic parts of every truck is its cabin.Moving cabin may induce additional disturbances into data coming from sensorsattached to it. This corrupted data may lead the autonomous trucks to make wrongdecisions. In the worst case, such decisions may be fatal.This thesis uses a data driven modeling approach for creating a mathematicaldescription of cabin movements based on data from onboard sensors. For thatpurpose, tools from system identification field are used. The resulting modelsare aimed to be used for implementation of real-time estimation algorithm forthe cabin dynamics, which in turn can be used for real-time compensation of thedisturbances.

Ee ökad efterfrågan efter autonoma fordon sätter ännu högre krav på säkerhet.Eftersom mäniskors säkerhet alltid prioriteras högst så måste ingenjörer runtom i världen att se till att framtida självkörande lastbilar inte bara är heltautonoma utan framför allt säkra. För att uppnå önskad säkerhetsnivå på deallmänna vägarna måste ingenjörerna ta itu med många tekniska problem, somexempelvis beslutsfattande, objektdetektering och perception. För att upptäckaett föremål eller att förstå sin omgivning är autonoma lastbilar numera utrustademed olika typer av sensorer. Dessa sensorer är monterade på olika delar av denautonoma lastbilen. Det faktum att vissa delar av en lastbil är mycket dynamiskaintroducerar ytterligare störningar i signler som kommer från de sensorer somfinns monterade på fordonet. En av de mest dynamiska delarna av varje lastbilär hytten. Hyttens rörelser kan orsaka ytterligare störningar i data som kommerfrån sensorer som är anslutna till den. Den felaktiga informationen kan ledatill att det autonoma fordonet fattar felaktiga beslut, som i värsta skulle kunnaorsaka dödsfall. Detta examensarbete använder sig av datadriven modelleringför att beskriva det matematiska förhållandet mellan hytt och chassi baserat pådata som kommer från de sensorer som finns monterade på fordonet. För attdetta ändamål skulle kunna uppnås används systemidentifieringsteknik. Bådegrey-box och black-box systemidentifieringsmetod användas och jämföras för attkunna erhålla ett resultat som visar vilken av de två teknikerna är bäst lämpad fördetta ändamål.

Subjects/Keywords: Safety; autonomous heavy-duty vehicles; cabin to chassis dynamics; system identification; Säkerhet; autonoma lastbilar; hytt till chassidynamik; systemidentifiering; Engineering and Technology; Teknik och teknologier

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APA (6^th Edition):

Markovic, B. (2019). Data driven estimation of cabin dynamics in heavy-duty vehicles. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276946

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Markovic, Bratislav. “Data driven estimation of cabin dynamics in heavy-duty vehicles.” 2019. Thesis, KTH. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276946.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Markovic, Bratislav. “Data driven estimation of cabin dynamics in heavy-duty vehicles.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Markovic B. Data driven estimation of cabin dynamics in heavy-duty vehicles. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276946.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Markovic B. Data driven estimation of cabin dynamics in heavy-duty vehicles. [Thesis]. KTH; 2019. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276946

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

16. LLORENTE, ANDRÉS. New concept for the ground connection in Scania’s trucks and buses.

Degree: Electromagnetic Engineering, 2014, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154542

►

Regarding the ground electrical connection in trucks and buses, the requirements of earthing in heavy-duty vehicles were gathered and evaluated. The most important problems… (more)

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Regarding the ground electrical connection in trucks and buses, the requirements of earthing in heavy-duty vehicles were gathered and evaluated. The most important problems in the state-of-the-art grounding devices are corrosion, electrical resistance and uncertainty in the mounting process, altogether with depreciation over time. The goal is to come up with new concepts that can give a more reliable and better ground connection into the frame with faster, easier and safer manufacturing operations. Several methods for attaching different ground connectors to the steel frame are going to be investigated, including bolted connections, press devices, soldering, brazing and local plating spots. It will be shown that the welding operation gives the best electrical results, while lowering mounting costs, time and variability. Two welded connectors are then going to be proposed as the best alternatives and a parallel investigation with both of them is going to be carried out. These new concepts, filed for patent protection, are going to be labelled as “SRM Welded ground stud” and “SRM Welded grounding nut”. The first of them consists of a plated steel threaded stud (M8 or M10) with a ring shaped contact surface built in one of the ends, where the Ø12 mm weld is to be performed onto the uncoated frame. The second concept comprises a stainless steel M10 round nut welded over a punched hole. The optimization will also cover different alternatives for plating metals, contact aid compounds and masking caps for both devices. The risk of mechanical weakening of the frame because of the new welded concepts is going to be tested for the case of the SRM Welded ground stud. The results will show an increase in fatigue resistance of at least 20% compared to the current ground screw. Furthermore, the strength of the welded interface will show higher proof load than the stud itself. The welded nuts, tested with torque loading, will show a sufficient performance as well. The electrical tests present an expected decrease in ground resistance of 40% for the welded stud and an increase of 28% for the welded nuts, compared with the current ground screw. The conclusion of this Master Thesis states the recommendation of the implementation of a new grounding method through the SRM Welded ground stud. Although, some modifications in the transportation process of the frames might be needed because of the new protruding parts, pointing an estimated distance of 20mm from the frame surface.

När det gäller jordad elanslutning i lastbilar och bussar, har kraven på jordning i tunga fordon samlats och utvärderats. De största problemen i de mest avancerade jordade enheterna är korrosion, elektriskt motstånd och osäkerhet i monteringsprocessen, sammantaget med avskrivning över tiden. Målet är att utveckla nya koncept…

Subjects/Keywords: Electrical Contacts; Heavy-duty vehicles; Grounding; SRM Stud welding

…in a heavy-duty vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.1.3 Grounding in Scania’s trucks and… …affected by corrosion 1.1.2 Grounding in a heavy-duty vehicle Trucks and buses present a very… …vehicles will be explained. A short introduction to the aspects and problems of the previous art… …vehicles is one of the main features of the electrical, electromechanical and electronic system… …important challenge when it comes to grounding, also known as earthing. In this kind of vehicles…

10 more images…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

LLORENTE, A. (2014). New concept for the ground connection in Scania’s trucks and buses. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154542

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

LLORENTE, ANDRÉS. “New concept for the ground connection in Scania’s trucks and buses.” 2014. Thesis, KTH. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154542.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

LLORENTE, ANDRÉS. “New concept for the ground connection in Scania’s trucks and buses.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

LLORENTE A. New concept for the ground connection in Scania’s trucks and buses. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154542.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

LLORENTE A. New concept for the ground connection in Scania’s trucks and buses. [Thesis]. KTH; 2014. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154542

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

17. Eriksson, Mikael. An Alternative Variable Valve Timing System for Heavy Duty Vehicles.

Degree: Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, 2016, Luleå University of Technology

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60153

► The ability to control engine valve timing has the potential to alter the engine performance over the entire operating range. The outcome of valve… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Variable; Valve Timing; VVT; Cam phaser; Heavy Duty; Scania; Commercial Vehicles; GT-SUITE; Dynamic; On/off valve; Product Development; Machine Element; Engineering and Technology; Teknik och teknologier

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Eriksson, M. (2016). An Alternative Variable Valve Timing System for Heavy Duty Vehicles. (Thesis). Luleå University of Technology. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60153

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Eriksson, Mikael. “An Alternative Variable Valve Timing System for Heavy Duty Vehicles.” 2016. Thesis, Luleå University of Technology. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60153.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Eriksson, Mikael. “An Alternative Variable Valve Timing System for Heavy Duty Vehicles.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Eriksson M. An Alternative Variable Valve Timing System for Heavy Duty Vehicles. [Internet] [Thesis]. Luleå University of Technology; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60153.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Eriksson M. An Alternative Variable Valve Timing System for Heavy Duty Vehicles. [Thesis]. Luleå University of Technology; 2016. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60153

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

KTH

18. YANG, GEPENG. Modular Scaled Development Platform for Steering Algorithms using LEGO Mindstorms.

Degree: Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), 2019, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263166

►

The topic of the thesis is to build physically similar systems to simulate behaviors of real-life heavy-duty vehicles using LEGO Mindstorms as hardware platform… (more)

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The topic of the thesis is to build physically similar systems to simulate behaviors of real-life heavy-duty vehicles using LEGO Mindstorms as hardware platform and Buckingham π theorem as theoretical basis for the parameter scaling. The thesis work includes software and hardware system design and theoretical research in order to prove a newly proposed concept: Using LEGO to build a scaled model of real-life vehicles with specific similar physical properties. To implement the work described above, scaled models were built with LEGO and a software and hardware system was developed for controlling the scaled model. Tests were performed both on real-life vehicles and scaled models. A generalized mathematical model for the vehicle was derived in order to interpret the behaviors of the vehicle in a scientific way. Then, test results of both real-life vehicles and the corresponding scaled model were compared with the mathematical model in order to investigate if they have similar behaviors. Finally it was concluded that the scaled model built with LEGO Mindstorms combined with Buckingham π theorem could calculate the speed and turning radius of the physically similar real-life vehicle with an average accuracy of 94.68% within low speed, conservatively speaking. For further investigation and research, similar research could be performed with higher speeds to generalize the conclusions and results.

Uppsatsen ämnar till att bygga ett fysiskt likvärdigt system, som simulerar beteendet av verkliga tunga fordon, med LEGO Mindstorms som hårdvaruplattform och med Buckingham П teoremet som teoretisk grund from skalning av parametrar. Arbetet inkluderar mjukvaru- och hårdvarusystemdesign samt teoretisk forskning för att kunna bevisa ett nyligen föreslaget koncept: Att använda LEGO för att bygga en skalad modell av verkliga fordon med specifika likartade fysiska egenskaper. För att implementera det ovan föreslagna arbetet, byggdes skalade modeller i LEGO samt ett kombinerat hård- och mjukvarusystem för att styra den skalade modellen. Tester utfördes på både riktiga lastbilar samt de skalade modellerna. För att kunna identifiera parametrar samt simulera och tyda fordonens beteende så adapterades en generell matematisk modell. Testresultaten för på verkliga samt motsvarande skalade modeller jämfördes med den matematiska modellen för att påvisa om beteendet är likartat. Till sist drogs slutsatsen att den skalade modellen bygg med LEGO Mindstorms och parameterskalad med hjälp av Buckingham П teoremet kunde beräkna skalningsfaktorn av hastighet samt svängradie för det fysiskt likartade fordonet med en tillförlitlighet på 94.68%, konservativt räknat. Detta gäller för låga hastigheter och som fortsatt forskning skulle en liknande studie med starkare och snabbare motorer genomföras för att generalisera slutsatserna och resultaten.

Subjects/Keywords: Buckingham π theorem; LEGO Mindstorms; Heavy duty vehicles; Physically similar systems.; Buckingham π teoremet; LEGO Mindstorms; Tunga fordon; Fysikaliskt likartade system.; Engineering and Technology; Teknik och teknologier

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

YANG, G. (2019). Modular Scaled Development Platform for Steering Algorithms using LEGO Mindstorms. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263166

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

YANG, GEPENG. “Modular Scaled Development Platform for Steering Algorithms using LEGO Mindstorms.” 2019. Thesis, KTH. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263166.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

YANG, GEPENG. “Modular Scaled Development Platform for Steering Algorithms using LEGO Mindstorms.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

YANG G. Modular Scaled Development Platform for Steering Algorithms using LEGO Mindstorms. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263166.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

YANG G. Modular Scaled Development Platform for Steering Algorithms using LEGO Mindstorms. [Thesis]. KTH; 2019. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263166

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

KTH

19. Pehrson, Ida. Integrating planetary boundaries into the life cycle assessment of electric vehicles : A case study on prioritising impact categories through environmental benchmarking in normalisation and weighting methods when assessing electric heavy-duty vehicles.

Degree: Environmental science and Engineering, 2020, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281862

►

The transport sector is facing great challenges for achieving development within the Earth’s boundaries. Currently, LCA studies on heavy- and medium-duty vehicles have mainly… (more)

▼

The transport sector is facing great challenges for achieving development within the Earth’s boundaries. Currently, LCA studies on heavy- and medium-duty vehicles have mainly assessed the ‘well-to-wheel’ stage and the impact category climate change. To understand the full range of environmental impacts from a truck, a holistic view needs to be adopted, to acknowledge several sustainability dimensions. The development of new vehicle technologies, such as battery electrical vehicles (BEV), the impact will mainly occur in the production and end-of-life stage, thereby it is crucial to adapt a cradle-to-grave approach in LCA. This thesis have interpret Scania’s current LCA results through normalization and weighting. The normalization and weighting methods used have been based on the planetary boundaries (PBs) and other scientific thresholds of earth’s carrying capacity. The normalised results display that considering a heavy-duty truck with diesel (B5) climate change is the major impact, but for BEV with EU electricity mix it is freshwater ecotoxicity, stratospheric ozone formation and climate change that are the main impacts to consider. For the BEV with wind electricity, it is freshwater ecotoxicity and climate change which are the major impacts. According to the weighed results, the impact on ́climate change ́ and ́fossil resource scarcity ́ are most important for diesel (B5) and considering BEV with EU mix it is the impact categories of ́climate change ́ and ́fossil resource depletion ́ followed by ́mineral resource scarcity ́. Considering BEV with wind electricity it is ́mineral resource scarcity ́ followed by ́climate change ́ and ́fossil resource scarcity ́. The weighted results also display that the impact categories, ‘human toxicity cancer’, ‘freshwater ecotoxicity’, ‘particulate matter’ and ‘water resource scarcity’ are important to consider in an LCA of a BEV. Concludingly, it is a need for future research in the area of connecting the PBs with the LCA framework. Moreover, it is a need to develop normalisation reference (NR) and weighting factors (WF) based on a company and sectorial allowances of the carrying capacity to understand a product or company’s environmental impact in absolute terms.

Transportsektorn står inför stora utmaningar för att nå en utveckling inom planetens gränser. I nuläget har LCA studier för tunga och medeltunga transporter fokuserat på ‘well-to-wheel’ vilket är stegen bränsleproduktionen (från källan till tanken) och konsekvenserna av fordonets användning (från tank till hjul) och påverkanskategorin klimat. För att förstå fordonets totala miljöpåverkan, behövs ett holistiskt synsätt för att förstå flera hållbarhetsdimensioner av fordonets miljöpåverkan. Utvecklingen av nya fordonstekniker, så som batterifordon, kommer leda till att miljöpåverkan möjligen främst uppstår i produktions och avfallsfasen av livscykeln, det är därav viktigt att analysera ett fordon från ́vaggan till graven ́. Denna uppsats har analyserat Scanias LCA resultat…

Subjects/Keywords: Life Cycle Assessment; Heavy-Duty Vehicles; Electric Vehicle; Normalisation; Weighting; Planetary Boundaries; Livscykelanalys; tunga transporter; elektriska fordon; normalisering; viktning; planetära gränser; Engineering and Technology; Teknik och teknologier

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pehrson, I. (2020). Integrating planetary boundaries into the life cycle assessment of electric vehicles : A case study on prioritising impact categories through environmental benchmarking in normalisation and weighting methods when assessing electric heavy-duty vehicles. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281862

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pehrson, Ida. “Integrating planetary boundaries into the life cycle assessment of electric vehicles : A case study on prioritising impact categories through environmental benchmarking in normalisation and weighting methods when assessing electric heavy-duty vehicles.” 2020. Thesis, KTH. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281862.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pehrson, Ida. “Integrating planetary boundaries into the life cycle assessment of electric vehicles : A case study on prioritising impact categories through environmental benchmarking in normalisation and weighting methods when assessing electric heavy-duty vehicles.” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Pehrson I. Integrating planetary boundaries into the life cycle assessment of electric vehicles : A case study on prioritising impact categories through environmental benchmarking in normalisation and weighting methods when assessing electric heavy-duty vehicles. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281862.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pehrson I. Integrating planetary boundaries into the life cycle assessment of electric vehicles : A case study on prioritising impact categories through environmental benchmarking in normalisation and weighting methods when assessing electric heavy-duty vehicles. [Thesis]. KTH; 2020. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281862

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

KTH

20. Svantesson, Einar. Transient thermal management simulations of complete heavy-duty vehicles.

Degree: Mechanics, 2019, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266464

► Transient vehicle thermal management simulations have the potential to be an important tool to ensure long component lifetimes in heavy-duty vehicles, as well as… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Transient; Time-resolved; Vehicle thermal management; Complete vehicle; Dynamic boundary conditions; Drive cycle; Hot shutdown; Heat soak; Heavy-duty vehicles; Heavy trucks; Thermal scale factor; Quasi-transient; Computational fluid dynamics.; Mechanical Engineering; Maskinteknik

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Svantesson, E. (2019). Transient thermal management simulations of complete heavy-duty vehicles. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266464

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Svantesson, Einar. “Transient thermal management simulations of complete heavy-duty vehicles.” 2019. Thesis, KTH. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266464.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Svantesson, Einar. “Transient thermal management simulations of complete heavy-duty vehicles.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Svantesson E. Transient thermal management simulations of complete heavy-duty vehicles. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266464.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Svantesson E. Transient thermal management simulations of complete heavy-duty vehicles. [Thesis]. KTH; 2019. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266464

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

21. Kerbouai, Hamza. Modélisation, dimensionnement et optimisation d'un capteur hybride pour la détection des deux roues motorisées dans le trafic routier : Modeling, optimization and conception of an hybrid sensor for the detection of Powered two wheelers in traffic.

Degree: Docteur es, Génie Electrique, 2015, Belfort-Montbéliard

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2015BELF0260

►

Depuis plusieurs années les chiffres de l'insécurité routière montrent la nécessité de développer un outil technologique qui vise à connaitre le comportement de véhicules deux… (more)

▼

Depuis plusieurs années les chiffres de l'insécurité routière montrent la nécessité de développer un outil technologique qui vise à connaitre le comportement de véhicules deux roues motorisés (2RM) afin d'améliorer leursécurité. De cette problématique découle nos travaux de recherche qui s'inscrivent dans le cadre de projet METRAMOTO (MEsure du TRAfic des deux-roues MOTOrisés pour la sécurité routière et l'évaluation des risques)L’objectif principal visé concerne la modélisation, le dimensionnement et l'optimisation d'un capteur hybride constitué d'une part de boucles électromagnétiques et d'autre part de capteurs de chocs piézo-électriques. L’idée consiste à utiliser les boucles électromagnétiques pour discriminer la présence des 2RM de celle des autresvéhicules, associées à des segments piézo-électriques pour détecter le choc produit par le passage des roues desdifférents véhicules, le tout associé à un algorithme de gestion et de traitement de données. Aujourd'hui redimensionnement des systèmes de détection à base de boucles électromagnétiques ou de câble piézo-électriquese fait de manière expérimentale sur des sites contrôlés en utilisant plusieurs types de véhicules. Cette technique gourmande en temps nécessite une série importante d'essais couteux et dangereux. La présente étude a pour butde modéliser les différentes interactions entre le capteur hybride étudié et les véhicules en vue de son dimensionnement. Des modèles électromagnétiques et électromécaniques sont développés pour décrire les différentes interactions se produisant entre les boucles électromagnétiques d'une part, les boucles électromagnétiques et les véhicules d'autre part ainsi que celles des roues de véhicules et le câble piézoélectrique.Sur la base de ces modèles établis, une démarche générale est élaborée conduisant au dimensionnement du capteur hybride pour une route donnée. Nous nous sommes également intéressés au traitement des données issues du capteur hybride pour lesquelles nous proposons une approche d'identification des différentes catégories de véhicules dont les 2RM. Deux configurations de capteurs pour deux routes différentes sont alors proposées.Elles sont associées à des algorithmes de traitement de données permettant l'acquisition des signaux de boucles et de câbles, la distinction des différents types de véhicules, l'estimation de la position des véhicules sur la chaussée ainsi que la mesure de la vitesse de véhicules.

For several years the road safety numbers show the need to develop a technological tool that aims to know thepowered two wheelers vehicles behavior (2PW) to improve their security. From this problematic arise our researchworks that come under the project METRAMOTO (Powered two wheelers traffic measurement for road safety andrisks assessment). The main objective is modeling, sizing and optimization of an hybrid sensor consisted ofelectromagnetic loops and piezoelectric shock sensors. The idea is to use electromagnetic loops to discriminate the2PW presence from the other vehicles, combined with piezoelectric…

Advisors/Committee Members: El Moudni, Abdellah (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Trafic; Capteur hybride; Boucles électromagnétiques; Câble piézoélectriques; Modélisation électromagnétique; Modélisation électromécanique; Deux roues motorisés (2RM); Véhicule léger (VL); Poids lourd (PL); Véhicule urbain (VU); Autocar; Autobus; Identification; Détection; FLUX3D; Traffic; Hybrid sensor; Electromagnetic loop; Piezoelectric cable; Electromagnetic modeling; Electromechanical modeling; Powered two wheelers (2PW); Light-duty vehicle; Heavy-duty vehicles; Bus; Identification; Detection; FLUX3D

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Kerbouai, H. (2015). Modélisation, dimensionnement et optimisation d'un capteur hybride pour la détection des deux roues motorisées dans le trafic routier : Modeling, optimization and conception of an hybrid sensor for the detection of Powered two wheelers in traffic. (Doctoral Dissertation). Belfort-Montbéliard. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2015BELF0260

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kerbouai, Hamza. “Modélisation, dimensionnement et optimisation d'un capteur hybride pour la détection des deux roues motorisées dans le trafic routier : Modeling, optimization and conception of an hybrid sensor for the detection of Powered two wheelers in traffic.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Belfort-Montbéliard. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2015BELF0260.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kerbouai, Hamza. “Modélisation, dimensionnement et optimisation d'un capteur hybride pour la détection des deux roues motorisées dans le trafic routier : Modeling, optimization and conception of an hybrid sensor for the detection of Powered two wheelers in traffic.” 2015. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kerbouai H. Modélisation, dimensionnement et optimisation d'un capteur hybride pour la détection des deux roues motorisées dans le trafic routier : Modeling, optimization and conception of an hybrid sensor for the detection of Powered two wheelers in traffic. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Belfort-Montbéliard; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015BELF0260.

Council of Science Editors:

Kerbouai H. Modélisation, dimensionnement et optimisation d'un capteur hybride pour la détection des deux roues motorisées dans le trafic routier : Modeling, optimization and conception of an hybrid sensor for the detection of Powered two wheelers in traffic. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Belfort-Montbéliard; 2015. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015BELF0260

22. He, Chaozhe. Saving Fuel for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Using Connectivity and Automation.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2018, University of Michigan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/147523

► The booming of e-commerce is placing an increasing burden on freight transport system by demanding faster and larger amount of delivery. Despite the variety in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Fuel economy optimization; Connectivity and Automation; Heavy-duty vehicles; Mechanical Engineering; Engineering

…OF ABBREVIATIONS CCC Connected Cruise Control HDV Heavy-Duty Vehicles AMT Automated Manual… …transport by heavy-duty vehicles. Roughly one-third of the annual ground freight transport expense… …impact. The fuel consumption of the heavy-duty vehicles, despite being the minority of road… …have been seeking to improve the fuel economy of heavy-duty vehicles by focusing on vehicles… …economy of heavy-duty vehicles, while allowing them to stay safe in real-world traffic…

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APA (6^th Edition):

He, C. (2018). Saving Fuel for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Using Connectivity and Automation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/147523

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

He, Chaozhe. “Saving Fuel for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Using Connectivity and Automation.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/147523.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

He, Chaozhe. “Saving Fuel for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Using Connectivity and Automation.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

He C. Saving Fuel for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Using Connectivity and Automation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/147523.

Council of Science Editors:

He C. Saving Fuel for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Using Connectivity and Automation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/147523

23. Cattin, Johana. Consideration of dynamic traffic conditions in the estimation of industrial vehicules energy consumption while integrating driving assistance strategies : Prise en compte des conditions de trafic dynamique dans l'évaluation des consommations énergétiques des véhicules industriels en intégrant les stratégies d'aide à la conduite.

Degree: Docteur es, Génie Civil, 2019, Lyon

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSET003

►

Le monde industriel, et en particulier l’industrie automobile, cherche à représenter au mieux le réel pour concevoir des outils et produits les plus adaptés aux… (more)

▼

Le monde industriel, et en particulier l’industrie automobile, cherche à représenter au mieux le réel pour concevoir des outils et produits les plus adaptés aux enjeux et marchés actuels. Dans cette optique, le groupe Volvo a développé de puissants outils pour la simulation de la dynamique des véhicules industriels. Ces outils permettent notamment l’optimisation de composants véhicules ou de stratégies de contrôle. De nombreuses activités de recherche portent sur des technologies innovantes permettant de réduire la consommation des véhicules industriels et d’accroitre la sécurité de leurs usages dans différents environnements. En particulier, le développement des systèmes d’aide à la conduite automobile ITS et ADAS. Afin de pouvoir développer ces systèmes, un environnement de simulation permettant de prendre en compte les différents facteurs pouvant influencer la conduite d’un véhicule doit être mis en place. L’étude se concentre sur la simulation de l’environnement du véhicule et des interactions entre le véhicule et son environnement direct, i.e. le véhicule qui le précède. Les interactions entre le véhicule étudié et le véhicule qui le précède sont modélisées à l’aide de modèles mathématiques, nommés lois de poursuites. De nombreux modèles existent dans la littérature mais peu concernent le comportement des véhicules industriels. Une étude détaillée de ces modèles et des méthodes de calage est réalisée. L’environnement du véhicule peut être représenté par deux catégories de paramètres : statiques (intersections, nombre de voies…) et dynamiques (état du réseau). A partir d’une base de données de trajets usuels, ces paramètres sont calculés, puis utilisés pour générer de manière automatisée des scénarios de simulation réalistes.

The industrial world, and in particular the automotive industry, is seeking to best represent the real world in order to design tools and products that are best adapted to current challenges and markets, by reducing development times and prototyping costs. With this in mind, the Volvo Group has developed powerful tools to simulate the dynamics of industrial vehicles. These tools allow the optimization of vehicle components or control strategies. Many research activities focus on innovative technologies to reduce the consumption of industrial vehicles and increase the safety of their use in different environments. Particularly, the development of ITS and ADAS is booming. In order to be able to develop these systems, a simulation environment must be set up to take into account the various factors that can influence the driving of a vehicle. The work focuses on simulating the vehicle environment and the interactions between the vehicle and its direct environment, i.e. the vehicle in front of it. The interactions between the vehicle under study and the vehicle in front of it are modelled using mathematical models, called car-following models. Many models exist in the literature, but few of them deals specifically with heavy duty vehicles. A specific focus on these models and their calibration…

Advisors/Committee Members: Faouzi, Nour-Eddin el-Faouzi (thesis director), Leclercq, Ludovic (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Consommation énergiétiques; Poids lourd; Lois de poursuite; Calibration / Optimisation; Statistiques d'usage; Système de Transport Intelligent (STI); Système d'aide à a conduite automobile (ADAS); Energy consumption; Heavy Duty Vehicles; Car-following models; Calibration / Optimization; Statistics of use; Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS); Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Cattin, J. (2019). Consideration of dynamic traffic conditions in the estimation of industrial vehicules energy consumption while integrating driving assistance strategies : Prise en compte des conditions de trafic dynamique dans l'évaluation des consommations énergétiques des véhicules industriels en intégrant les stratégies d'aide à la conduite. (Doctoral Dissertation). Lyon. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSET003

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cattin, Johana. “Consideration of dynamic traffic conditions in the estimation of industrial vehicules energy consumption while integrating driving assistance strategies : Prise en compte des conditions de trafic dynamique dans l'évaluation des consommations énergétiques des véhicules industriels en intégrant les stratégies d'aide à la conduite.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Lyon. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSET003.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cattin, Johana. “Consideration of dynamic traffic conditions in the estimation of industrial vehicules energy consumption while integrating driving assistance strategies : Prise en compte des conditions de trafic dynamique dans l'évaluation des consommations énergétiques des véhicules industriels en intégrant les stratégies d'aide à la conduite.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Cattin J. Consideration of dynamic traffic conditions in the estimation of industrial vehicules energy consumption while integrating driving assistance strategies : Prise en compte des conditions de trafic dynamique dans l'évaluation des consommations énergétiques des véhicules industriels en intégrant les stratégies d'aide à la conduite. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Lyon; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSET003.

Council of Science Editors:

Cattin J. Consideration of dynamic traffic conditions in the estimation of industrial vehicules energy consumption while integrating driving assistance strategies : Prise en compte des conditions de trafic dynamique dans l'évaluation des consommations énergétiques des véhicules industriels en intégrant les stratégies d'aide à la conduite. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Lyon; 2019. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSET003

24. Giacosa, Matteo. Carbon dioxide abatement options for heavy-duty vehicles and future vehicle fleet scenarios for Finland, Sweden and Norway.

Degree: Energy Systems Analysis, 2017, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226144

► Road transport is responsible for a significant share of the global GHG emissions. In order to address the increasing trend of road vehicle emissions,… (more)

▼ Road transport is responsible for a significant share of the global GHG emissions. In order to address the increasing trend of road vehicle emissions, due to its heavy reliance on oil, Nordic countries have set ambitious goals and policies for the reduction of road transport GHG emissions. Despite the fact that the latest developments in the passenger car segment are leading towards the progressive electrification of the fleet, the decarbonization of heavy-duty vehicle segment presents significant challenges that are yet to be overcome. This study focuses, on the first part, on the regulatory framework of fuel economy standards of road vehicles, highlighting the absence of a European regulation on fuel efficiency for the heavy-duty sector. Energy efficiency technologies can be grouped mainly in vehicle technologies, driveline and powertrain technologies, and alternative fuels. The fuel efficiency of HDVs can be positively improved at different vehicle levels, but the technology benefit and its economic feasibility are heavily dependent on the vehicle type and the operational cycle considered. The electrification pathway has the potential of reducing the carbon emission to a great extent, but the current battery technologies have proven to be not cost efficient for the heavy vehicles, because of the high purchase price and the low range, related to the battery cost and inferior energy density compared to conventional liquid fuels. A scenario development model has been created in order to estimate and quantify the impact of future developments and emission reduction measures in Finland, Sweden and Norway for the timeframe 2016-2050, with a focus on 2030 results. Two scenarios concerning the powertrain developments of heavy-duty vehicles and buses have been created, a conservative scenario and electric scenario, as well as vehicle efficiency improvements and fuel consumption scenarios. Additional sets of parameters have been estimated as input for the model, such as national transport need and load assumptions. The results highlight the challenges of achieving the national GHG emission reduction targets with the current measures in all three countries. The slow fleet renewal rates and the high forecasted increase of transport need limit the benefits of alternative and more efficient powertrains introduced in the fleet by new vehicles. The heavy-duty transport is expected to maintain its heavy reliance on diesel fuel and hinder the improvements of the light-duty segments. A holistic approach is needed to reduce the GHG emissions from road transport, including more efficient powertrains, higher biofuel shares and progressive electrification.

Subjects/Keywords: road transport; GHG emissions; heavy-duty vehicles; buses; vehicle efficiency; scenario development; Energy Engineering; Energiteknik

…vehicles. The road transport segments and vehicles covered in this work are the heavy-duty… …category N1; o Heavy-duty vehicles (HDV): category N1 and N2; Some vehicles may be… …Passenger cars and light-duty vehicles are subject to carbon dioxide emission targets. However… …transport sector: to different types of vehicles, corresponds different duty cycles, mileages, and… …weight, cab type and roof height; - Heavy-duty pickups and trucks, to which a “work factor…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Giacosa, M. (2017). Carbon dioxide abatement options for heavy-duty vehicles and future vehicle fleet scenarios for Finland, Sweden and Norway. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226144

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Giacosa, Matteo. “Carbon dioxide abatement options for heavy-duty vehicles and future vehicle fleet scenarios for Finland, Sweden and Norway.” 2017. Thesis, KTH. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226144.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Giacosa, Matteo. “Carbon dioxide abatement options for heavy-duty vehicles and future vehicle fleet scenarios for Finland, Sweden and Norway.” 2017. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Giacosa M. Carbon dioxide abatement options for heavy-duty vehicles and future vehicle fleet scenarios for Finland, Sweden and Norway. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226144.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Giacosa M. Carbon dioxide abatement options for heavy-duty vehicles and future vehicle fleet scenarios for Finland, Sweden and Norway. [Thesis]. KTH; 2017. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226144

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

KTH

25. Cruz, Liliana Isabel Celedón. A sustainability assessment in the production of heavy-duty trucks : A case study at Scania: investigating the reduction of environmental impacts through design customization and LCA.

Degree: Environmental science and Engineering, 2020, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287370

►

The transport sector is currently facing challenges to reduce environmental impacts during the vehicle’s operation due to its reliance on fossil fuels. The introduction… (more)

▼

The transport sector is currently facing challenges to reduce environmental impacts during the vehicle’s operation due to its reliance on fossil fuels. The introduction of new technologies such as alternative fuels or battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are therefore rapidly growing because they can significantly reduce the vehicle’s tailpipe emissions. There is however the concern that these could transfer environmental burdens to other life cycle phases such as production. Therefore, a development towards sustainable transport will require more than just the development of alternative fuels or EVs, but also a more sustainable production. Considering that 80% of the product related environmental impacts are determined during the design phase of a product, the significance of product design is studied. Scania offers the opportunity to customize trucks with a high level of detail through customized design, also called S-order design. Design engineers want to know if their customized solutions have the potential to reduce environmental impacts within the production of a truck. Therefore, the life cycle assessment (LCA) framework is used to know the environmental impacts of a truck designed with S- and A-order design and to compare them in order to determine if there is an environmental performance difference between these two designs. The results show that the production of a truck with a S-order design has on average 3% lower environmental impacts on all impact categories than when it’s produced with an A-order design. This is due to the S-order design’s great level of flexibility to consider small details of the truck’s functionality. Nevertheless, this design flexibility can lead to multiple configurations for one truck, thus meaning that the results will vary from product to product since the customer decides the specifications of the truck. The main conclusion is that the early implementation of adaptations through S-order design in heavy truck development at Scania can potentially reduce resource consumption and environmental impacts, and aid to sustainable production.

Transportsektorn står för närvarande inför utmaningar för att minska miljöpåverkan under fordonets drift på grund av dess beroende av fossila bränslen. Introduktionen av ny teknik som alternativa bränslen eller elektriska fordon (BEV) växer därför snabbt eftersom de avsevärt kan minska fordonets utsläpp från avgasröret. Det finns emellertid oro för att dessa skulle kunna överföra miljöbelastningar till andra livscykelfaser som exempelvis produktionen. Därför kommer en utveckling mot hållbara transporter att kräva mer än bara utveckling av alternativa bränslen eller eldrift, men också en mer hållbar produktion. Med tanke på att 80% av de produktrelaterade miljöeffekterna bestäms under en produkts designfas studeras därför produktens design. Scania erbjuder möjligheten att skräddarsy lastbilar med hög detaljnivå genom skräddarsydd design, även kallat S-orderdesign. Designingenjörer…

Subjects/Keywords: Design; customization; heavy-duty vehicles; sustainable production; resource consumption; environmental impacts; life cycle assessment; sustainability; Design; anpassning; tunga fordon; hållbar produktion; resursförbrukning; miljöpåverkan; livscykelbedömning; hållbarhet; Engineering and Technology; Teknik och teknologier

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Cruz, L. I. C. (2020). A sustainability assessment in the production of heavy-duty trucks : A case study at Scania: investigating the reduction of environmental impacts through design customization and LCA. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287370

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cruz, Liliana Isabel Celedón. “A sustainability assessment in the production of heavy-duty trucks : A case study at Scania: investigating the reduction of environmental impacts through design customization and LCA.” 2020. Thesis, KTH. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287370.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cruz, Liliana Isabel Celedón. “A sustainability assessment in the production of heavy-duty trucks : A case study at Scania: investigating the reduction of environmental impacts through design customization and LCA.” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Cruz LIC. A sustainability assessment in the production of heavy-duty trucks : A case study at Scania: investigating the reduction of environmental impacts through design customization and LCA. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287370.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cruz LIC. A sustainability assessment in the production of heavy-duty trucks : A case study at Scania: investigating the reduction of environmental impacts through design customization and LCA. [Thesis]. KTH; 2020. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287370

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Florida

26. Alzahrani, Ahmed. The operational and safety effects of heavy duty vehicles platooning.

Degree: 2019, University of North Florida

URL: https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/881

► Abstract Although researchers have studied the effects of platooning, most of the work done so far has focused on fuel consumption. There are a few… (more)

▼ Abstract Although researchers have studied the effects of platooning, most of the work done so far has focused on fuel consumption. There are a few studies that have targeted the impact of platooning on the highway operations and safety. This thesis focuses on the impact of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) platooning on highway characteristics. Specifically, this study aims at evaluating the effects of platooning of HDVs on capacity, safety, and CO2 emissions. This study is based on a hypothetical model that was created using the VISSIM software. VISSIM is a powerful simulation software designed to mimic the field traffic flow conditions. For model validity, the model outputs were compared with recommended values from guidelines such as the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) (Transportation Research Board, 2016). VISSIM was used to obtain the simulation results regarding capacity. However, in addition to VISSIM, two other software packages were used to obtain outputs that cannot be assessed in VISSIM. MOVES and SSAM are two simulation software packages that were used for emission and safety metrics, respectively. Both software packages depended on input from VISSIM for analysis. It was found that with the presence of HDVs in the model, the capacity, the emission of CO2, and the safety of the roadway would improve positively. A capacity of 4200 PCE/h/ln could be achieved when there are enough HDVs in platoons. Furthermore, more than 3% of the traffic flow emission of CO2 reduction is possible when 100% of the HDVs used in the model are in platoons. In addition to that, a reduction of more than 75% of the total number of conflicts might be obtained. Furthermore, with the analysis of the full factorial method and the Design of Experiment (DOE) conducted by using Excel and Minitab respectively, it was possible to investigate the impact of the platoons’ factors on the highway parameters. Most of these factors affect the parameters significantly. However, the change in the desired speed was found to insignificantly affect the highway parameters, due to the high penetration rate. Keywords: VISSIM, MOVES, SSAM, COM-interface, HDVs, Platooning, Number of Conflicts

Subjects/Keywords: Thesis; University of North Florida; UNF; Dissertations, Academic – UNF – Master of Science in Civil Engineering; Dissertations, Academic – UNF – Engineering; VISSIM, MOVES, SSAM, COM-interface, HDVs, Platooning, Number of Conflicts; Truck platooning; Vehicular platooning; Heavy-duty vehicles; Civil Engineering; Environmental Engineering; Transportation Engineering

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Alzahrani, A. (2019). The operational and safety effects of heavy duty vehicles platooning. (Thesis). University of North Florida. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/881

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alzahrani, Ahmed. “The operational and safety effects of heavy duty vehicles platooning.” 2019. Thesis, University of North Florida. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/881.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alzahrani, Ahmed. “The operational and safety effects of heavy duty vehicles platooning.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Alzahrani A. The operational and safety effects of heavy duty vehicles platooning. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Florida; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/881.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Alzahrani A. The operational and safety effects of heavy duty vehicles platooning. [Thesis]. University of North Florida; 2019. Available from: https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/881

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

27. Zhang, Darui. Vehicle Parameters Estimation and Driver Behavior Classification for Adaptive Shift Strategy of Heavy Duty Vehicles.

Degree: PhD, Automotive Engineering, 2017, Clemson University

URL: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/1955

► Commercial vehicles fulfill the majority of inland freight transportation in the United States, and they are very large consumers of fuels. The increasingly stringent regulation… (more)

▼ Commercial vehicles fulfill the majority of inland freight transportation in the United States, and they are very large consumers of fuels. The increasingly stringent regulation on greenhouse-gas emission has driven manufacturers to adopt new fuel efficient technologies. Among others, advanced transmission control strategy can provide tangible improvement with low incremental cost. An adaptive shift strategy is proposed in this work to optimize the shift maps on-the-fly based on the road load and driver behavior while reducing the initial calibration efforts. In addition, the adaptive shift strategy provides the fleet owner a mean to select a tradeoff between fuel economy and drivability, since the drivers are often not the owner of the vehicle. In an attempt to develop the adaptive shift strategy, the vehicle parameters and driver behavior need to be evaluated first. Therefore, three research questions are addressed in this dissertation: (i) vehicle parameters estimation; (ii) driver behavior classification; (iii) online shift strategy adaption. In vehicle parameters estimation, a model-based vehicle rolling resistance and aerodynamic drag coefficient online estimator is proposed. A new Weighted Recursive Least Square algorithm was developed. It uses a supervisor to extracts data during the constant-speed event and saves the average road load at each speed segment. The algorithm was tested in the simulation with real-world driving data. The results have shown a more robust performance compared with the original Recursive Least Square algorithm, and high accuracy of aerodynamic drag estimation. To classify the driver behavior, a driver score algorithm was proposed. A new method is developed to represent the time-series driving data into events represented by symbolic data. The algorithm is tested with real-world driving data and shows a high classification accuracy across different vehicles and driving cycles. Finally, a new adaptive shift scheme was developed, which synthesizes the information about vehicle parameters and driver score developed in the previous steps. The driver score is used as a proxy to match the driving characteristics in real time. Drivability objective is included in the optimization through a torque reserve and it is subsequently evaluated via a newly developed metric. The impact of the shift maps on the objective drivability and fuel economy metrics is evaluated quantitatively in the vehicle simulation. The algorithms proposed in this dissertation are developed with practical implementation in mind. The methods can reduce the initial calibration effort and provide the fleet owner a mean to select an appropriate tradeoff between fuel economy and drivability depending on the vocation. Advisors/Committee Members: Zoran Filipi, Committee Chair, Andrej Ivanco, Co-chair, Research Advisor, Beshah Ayalew, Robert Schalkoff.

Subjects/Keywords: Driver Behavior; Fuel Economy; Heavy Duty Vehicles; Parameters Estimation; Transmission Shift Strategy

…average medium and heavy duty truck drives 13,100 miles per year and uses 1,800 gallons of fuel… …of its preeminent influence on the road load of heavy vehicles, especially during… …99 x CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Commercial vehicles contribute to the 74 percent of the… …parameters have more certainty, commercial vehicles can have multiple vehicle configurations. For… …example, a fleet of commercial vehicles can have various engine-transmission-body combinations…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zhang, D. (2017). Vehicle Parameters Estimation and Driver Behavior Classification for Adaptive Shift Strategy of Heavy Duty Vehicles. (Doctoral Dissertation). Clemson University. Retrieved from https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/1955

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhang, Darui. “Vehicle Parameters Estimation and Driver Behavior Classification for Adaptive Shift Strategy of Heavy Duty Vehicles.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Clemson University. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/1955.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhang, Darui. “Vehicle Parameters Estimation and Driver Behavior Classification for Adaptive Shift Strategy of Heavy Duty Vehicles.” 2017. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhang D. Vehicle Parameters Estimation and Driver Behavior Classification for Adaptive Shift Strategy of Heavy Duty Vehicles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Clemson University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/1955.

Council of Science Editors:

Zhang D. Vehicle Parameters Estimation and Driver Behavior Classification for Adaptive Shift Strategy of Heavy Duty Vehicles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Clemson University; 2017. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/1955

28. Nordin, Lina. Energy Efficiency in Winter Road Maintenance - A Road Climatological Perspective.

Degree: 2015, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/38654

► Practices in winter road maintenance are dependent on the climate and weather impacting roads and the road users’ requirements. As in many other fields of… (more)

▼ Practices in winter road maintenance are dependent on the climate and weather impacting roads and the road users’ requirements. As in many other fields of transportation, it is of interest to investigate fuel efficiency potentials in the different aspects of the road maintenance area. The main focus of this thesis was on investigating energy use in winter road maintenance activities in southern Sweden. It is crucial to understand which parameters are of the largest significance in slipperiness, as well as to investigate the weather information that the operations are based on, since the climate is the reason for requiring winter road maintenance in the first place. The original energy use needs to be set, to be able to know whether efficiencies are made. In this thesis, two approaches were taken to understand if existing fuel consumption models for heavy-duty vehicles could be applied within winter road maintenance or whether in-vehicle fuel data such as data from vehicle manufacturers should be used instead. Finally efficiency potentials were explored with the use of a route optimisation programme for winter road maintenance practices. The climate data analyses showed that frost warnings are the most common type of slipperiness in the southern parts of Sweden. If such warnings were to be under- or overestimated, it could have a large impact on the energy used, since unnecessary slipperiness treatments could be performed. Furthermore, the mobile water depth measurements indicated that it is possible to detect differences in water depth along roads and that exit ramps could be interesting in terms of changed treatments, since the water depths were quite large on those ramps. From the use of the fuel consumption model included in the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, or VTI, winter model, it was concluded that anti-icing would not be energy efficient in terms of traffic energy use, since drivers tend to drive at higher speeds on salted roads. Snow density and amount would however, impact fuel consumption, which is why the removal of snow could save traffic energy use. The best method to evaluate energy use during winter road maintenance was the use of in-vehicle data. The existing fuel consumption model used in this thesis, underestimated the fuel use, which implied that the energy use in winter road maintenance practices depends on other aspects than what was stated in the model calculations. Such other aspects seemed to be the weather and way of work that in turn demand significant changes in speed. Changes in speed was also regarded as a potential efficiency measure, as the velocities of the heavy-duty vehicles seemed on average to be below what was estimated as the most fuel-efficient speed for this type of vehicle. Using the route optimisation programme further put a way for evaluating efficiency potentials. It was shown that installing underground heating systems or road surface–installed salt spreaders at strategic locations could save fuel use, as would changing operations from sanding to…

Subjects/Keywords: Road climate; RWIS; frost; snow; fuel consumption; heavy-duty vehicles; route optimisation programme; energy efficiency; winter road maintenance

…heavy-duty vehicles of > 16 tonnes. Figure 6. Fuel consumption for all vehicles in the study… …from vehicle manufacturers. Some of the largest of heavy duty vehicle’s manufacturers have… …maintenance need to be reported to the STA every month. All winter maintenance vehicles should have… …melt. Vehicles might also contribute by leaking water from exhaust pipes and by carrying… …maintenance contract area was limited to mainly considering the energy use of maintenance vehicles…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nordin, L. (2015). Energy Efficiency in Winter Road Maintenance - A Road Climatological Perspective. (Thesis). University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2077/38654

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nordin, Lina. “Energy Efficiency in Winter Road Maintenance - A Road Climatological Perspective.” 2015. Thesis, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/38654.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nordin, Lina. “Energy Efficiency in Winter Road Maintenance - A Road Climatological Perspective.” 2015. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Nordin L. Energy Efficiency in Winter Road Maintenance - A Road Climatological Perspective. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/38654.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nordin L. Energy Efficiency in Winter Road Maintenance - A Road Climatological Perspective. [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/38654

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Georgia Tech

29. Yoon, Seungju. A new heavy-duty vehicle visual classification and activity estimation method for regional mobile source emissions modeling.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2005, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7245

► For Heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs), the distribution of vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by vehicle type is the most significant parameters for onroad mobile source emissions modeling… (more)

▼ For Heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs), the distribution of vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by vehicle type is the most significant parameters for onroad mobile source emissions modeling used in the development of air quality management and regional transportation plans. There are two approaches for the development of the HDV VMT distribution; one approach uses HDV registration data and annual mileage accumulation rates, and another uses HDV VMT counts/observations collected with the FHWA truck classification. For the purpose of emissions modeling, the FHWA truck classes are converted to those used by the MOBILE6.2 emissions rate model by using either the EPA guidance or the National Research Council conversion factors. However, both these approaches have uncertainties in the development of onroad HDV VMT distributions that can lead to large unknowns in the modeled HDV emissions. This dissertation reports a new heavy-duty vehicle visual classification and activity estimation method that minimizes uncertainties in current HDV conversion methods and the vehicle registration based HDV VMT estimation guidance. The HDV visual classification scheme called the X-scheme, which classifies HDV/truck classes by vehicle physical characteristics (the number of axles, gross vehicle weight ratings, tractor-trailer configurations, etc.) converts FHWA truck classes into EPA HDV classes without losing the original resolution of HDV/truck activity and emission characteristics. The new HDV activity estimation method using publicly available HDV activity databases minimizes uncertainties in the vehicle registration based VMT estimation method suggested by EPA. The analysis of emissions impact with the new method indicates that emissions with the EPA HDV VMT estimation guidance are underestimated by 22.9% and 25.0% for oxides of nitrogen and fine particulate matter respectively within the 20-county Atlanta metropolitan area. Because the new heavy-duty vehicle visual classification and activity estimation method has the ability to provide accurate HDV activity and emissions estimates, this method has the potential to significantly influence policymaking processes in regional air quality management and transportation planning. In addition, the ability to estimate link-specific emissions benefits Federal and local agencies in the development of project (microscale), regional (mesoscale), and national (macroscale) level air quality management and transportation plans. Advisors/Committee Members: Michael O. Rodgers (Committee Chair), Jennifer H. Ogle (Committee Member), Michael D. Meyer (Committee Member), Michael P. Hunter (Committee Member), Randall L. Guensler (Committee Member).

Subjects/Keywords: X-Scheme; Heavy-duty vehicles; VMT estimation; Vehicle classification; Modal emission model; Emissions inventory; Trucks Classification; Automobiles Motors Exhaust gas Computer simulation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Yoon, S. (2005). A new heavy-duty vehicle visual classification and activity estimation method for regional mobile source emissions modeling. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7245

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yoon, Seungju. “A new heavy-duty vehicle visual classification and activity estimation method for regional mobile source emissions modeling.” 2005. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7245.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yoon, Seungju. “A new heavy-duty vehicle visual classification and activity estimation method for regional mobile source emissions modeling.” 2005. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yoon S. A new heavy-duty vehicle visual classification and activity estimation method for regional mobile source emissions modeling. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2005. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7245.

Council of Science Editors:

Yoon S. A new heavy-duty vehicle visual classification and activity estimation method for regional mobile source emissions modeling. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7245

30. Lundberg, Petter. Investigation of the transient nature of rolling resistance on an operating Heavy Duty Vehicle.

Degree: Physics, 2014, Umeå University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93298

► An operating vehicle requires energy to oppose the subjected driving resistances. This energy is supplied via the fuel combustion in the engine. Decreasing the… (more)

▼ An operating vehicle requires energy to oppose the subjected driving resistances. This energy is supplied via the fuel combustion in the engine. Decreasing the opposing driving resistances for an operating vehicle increases its fuel efficiency: an effect which is highly valued in today’s industry, both from an environmental and economical point of view. Therefore a lot of progress has been made during recent years in the area of fuel efficient vehicles, even though some driving resistances still rises perplexity. These resistances are the air drag F_d generated by the viscous air opposing the vehicles propulsion and the rolling resistance F_rr generated mainly by the hysteresis caused by the deformation cycle of the viscoelastic pneumatic tires. The energy losses associated with the air drag and rolling resistance account for the majority of the driving resistances facing an operating vehicle, and depends on numerous stochastic and ambient parameters, some of which are highly correlated both within and between the two resistances. To increase the understanding of the driving mechanics behind the energy losses associated with the complexity that is rolling resistance, a set of complete vehicle tests has been carried out. These tests were carried out on the test track Malmby Fairground, using a Scania CV AB developed R440 truck equipped with various sensors connected in one measurement system. Under certain conditions, these parameters can allow for an investigation of the rolling resistance, and a separation of the rolling resistance and air drag via explicit subtraction of the air drag from the measured traction force. This method is possible since the aerodynamic property A_HDVC_d(β) to some extent can be generated from wind tunnel tests and CFD simulations. Two measurement series that enable the above formulated method of separation were designed and carried out, using two separate measurement methods. One which enables the investigation of the transient nature of rolling resistance as it strives for stationarity, where the vehicle is operated under constant velocities i.e. no acceleration, and one using the well established method of coastdown, where no driving torque is applied. The drive cycles spanned a range of velocities, which allowed for dynamic and stationary analyses of both the tire temperature- and the velocity dependence of rolling resistance. When analysing the results of the transient analysis, a strong dependence upon tire temperature for given constant low velocity i.e. v ≤ 60 kmh⁻¹ was clearly visible. The indicated dependency showed that the rolling resistance decreased as the tire temperature increased over time at a given velocity, and vice versa, towards a stationary temperature and thereby rolling resistance. The tire temperature evolution from one constant velocity to another, took place well within 50 min to a somewhat stationary value. However, even though the tire temperature had reached stationarity, rolling…

Subjects/Keywords: Rolling resistance; Air drag; Heavy Duty Vehicles; Vehicle dynamics; Complete vehicle test; Coastdown; Effective radius; ACEA; Pneumatic tires; Driving resistances; Energy efficiency; Rullmotstånd; Luftmotstånd; Tunga fordon; Fordonsdynamik; Helfordonstest; Utrullningstest; Effektiv radie; ACEA; Pneumatiska däck; Körmotstånd; Energieffektivitet.

…that about 30 % of the total life cycle cost for an Heavy Duty Vehicle (HDV) is… …recent years, a lot of progress has been made in the field of energy efficient vehicles, both… …sensors, information generated from wireless communications between vehicles, and from the… …submodels categorised in a tree of vehicles. This tree consists off vehicle families, categorised… …operating vehicles experiences inertial resistance while accelerating or decelerating opposing the…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lundberg, P. (2014). Investigation of the transient nature of rolling resistance on an operating Heavy Duty Vehicle. (Thesis). Umeå University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93298

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lundberg, Petter. “Investigation of the transient nature of rolling resistance on an operating Heavy Duty Vehicle.” 2014. Thesis, Umeå University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93298.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lundberg, Petter. “Investigation of the transient nature of rolling resistance on an operating Heavy Duty Vehicle.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lundberg P. Investigation of the transient nature of rolling resistance on an operating Heavy Duty Vehicle. [Internet] [Thesis]. Umeå University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93298.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lundberg P. Investigation of the transient nature of rolling resistance on an operating Heavy Duty Vehicle. [Thesis]. Umeå University; 2014. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93298

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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