You searched for subject:(HIV infections).
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1.
Singh, Tanvee.
Identifying the Multilevel Factors Influencing Retention in
HIV Care in western Kenya.
Degree: School of Public Health, 2018, Brown University
URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792834/ 
► Although Kenya has implemented promising strategies such as HBCT and TasP, it continues to have some of the highest rates of HIV infection and struggles…
(more)
▼ Although Kenya has implemented promising strategies
such as HBCT and TasP, it continues to have some of the highest
rates of
HIV infection and struggles with challenges of medication
adherence and treatment retention [108, 110-114]. More research is
needed to elucidate the various factors that influence engagement
throughout the
HIV care cascade for patients. More research is also
needed to better understand the context – like clinics – in which
HIV care is received in Kenya and how factors at that upstream
level impact patients proclivity to utilize health services.
Lastly, more research about how to address these factors and what
types of interventions would be successful in Kenya is also needed.
The purpose of the thesis that follows is to understand how
multilevel factors work together to influence patient
HIV retention
in western Kenya, using an adapted version of the Andersen health
care utilization framework to guide analysis.
Advisors/Committee Members: Genberg, Becky (Advisor), Wachira, Juddy (Reader).
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections
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APA (6th Edition):
Singh, T. (2018). Identifying the Multilevel Factors Influencing Retention in
HIV Care in western Kenya. (Thesis). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792834/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Singh, Tanvee. “Identifying the Multilevel Factors Influencing Retention in
HIV Care in western Kenya.” 2018. Thesis, Brown University. Accessed January 17, 2021.
https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792834/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Singh, Tanvee. “Identifying the Multilevel Factors Influencing Retention in
HIV Care in western Kenya.” 2018. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Singh T. Identifying the Multilevel Factors Influencing Retention in
HIV Care in western Kenya. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brown University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792834/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Singh T. Identifying the Multilevel Factors Influencing Retention in
HIV Care in western Kenya. [Thesis]. Brown University; 2018. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792834/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
California State University – East Bay
2.
Grossi, Elysse Noel.
Increased Levels of Sex Hormones Estradiol and Progesterone Increase the Possibility of HIV-1 Infection in CD4+ T-cells.
Degree: 2012, California State University – East Bay
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/4614
► The use of sex hormones 17beta-estradiol and progesterone as medication for contraceptives and menopausal medication is universally common in female populations. Prevalent studies have shown…
(more)
▼ The use of sex hormones 17beta-estradiol and progesterone as medication for
contraceptives and menopausal medication is universally common in female populations.
Prevalent studies have shown both positive and negative effects of exposure to increased
concentrations of sex hormones 17beta-estradiol and progesterone on immune system
function in humans. The following research aimed to identify a direct correlation between
exposure to high concentrations of sex hormones 17beta-estradiol and progesterone and
expression levels of receptors CXCR4, CCR5 and CD4, which associated with Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (
HIV) infection in CD4+ T-cells. Qualitative analysis indicated
insignificant changes to expression levels of each receptor after 24-hour exposure to 17beta-estradiol
and progesterone concentrations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Baysdorfer, Dr. Christoph W. (advisor), Curr, Dr. Kenneth (primaryAdvisor).
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections
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APA (6th Edition):
Grossi, E. N. (2012). Increased Levels of Sex Hormones Estradiol and Progesterone Increase the Possibility of HIV-1 Infection in CD4+ T-cells. (Thesis). California State University – East Bay. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/4614
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Grossi, Elysse Noel. “Increased Levels of Sex Hormones Estradiol and Progesterone Increase the Possibility of HIV-1 Infection in CD4+ T-cells.” 2012. Thesis, California State University – East Bay. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/4614.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Grossi, Elysse Noel. “Increased Levels of Sex Hormones Estradiol and Progesterone Increase the Possibility of HIV-1 Infection in CD4+ T-cells.” 2012. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Grossi EN. Increased Levels of Sex Hormones Estradiol and Progesterone Increase the Possibility of HIV-1 Infection in CD4+ T-cells. [Internet] [Thesis]. California State University – East Bay; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/4614.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Grossi EN. Increased Levels of Sex Hormones Estradiol and Progesterone Increase the Possibility of HIV-1 Infection in CD4+ T-cells. [Thesis]. California State University – East Bay; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/4614
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
3.
Munachaka, Jonathan C.
Teachers' vulnerability to HIV/AIDS infection : The case of Lusaka District
.
Degree: 2011, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/462
► The sexual transmission of HIV continues at an alarming rate in sub-Saharan Africa despite high knowledge levels of HIV/AIDS. Some factors such as socio-economic, culture,…
(more)
▼ The sexual transmission of HIV continues at an alarming rate in sub-Saharan Africa despite high knowledge levels of HIV/AIDS. Some factors such as socio-economic, culture, attitudes, communication and perception of risk to HIV may be responsible for engaging in risk sexual behaviors.
A cross sectional descriptive qualitative study of "Teachers' Vulnerability to
HIV/AIDS Infection: The Case of Lusaka District", involving 300 government
school teachers, was carried out. This study was carried out in Lusaka District
from October to December 2003. Questionnaires, FGDs, interview and
observations were used to collect data. For the purpose of this study a convenient sample of 300 teachers was used to select the teachers from 14 schools situated in the Lusaka District. The study sought to determine the factors that make teachers vulnerable to HIV/AIDS infection; establish the gender difference to HIV/AIDS infection; and suggest interventions on how to fight, prevent and control it. The findings show that the subjects had high level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS,though this did not motivate behaviour change as evidenced by low use of condoms by the subjects. For instance, only 27.7% used condoms. Only
10.3% of those who used condoms used them consistently. Some could not use them because of their religious beliefs and lack of enjoyment during their use. Almost one-half (47%) of the respondents believed that condoms were porous and could allow the virus to pass and infect the sexual partner. Others believed that AIDS could be cured by herbal medicine and prayers.Misconceptions about the mode of transmission of HIV were also reported by the respondents such as that HIV is spread by mosquito bites, witchcraft, use of the same cup with the infected and condom lubricant. There were no significant workplace programmes for teachers found at schools. Apart from the teacher co-ordinators of pupils' Anti-AIDS clubs, there was no teacher involvement in such clubs. Condoms (male) were only
dispersed at one school by a head teacher and most of the teachers reported that they were mostly and usually shy to collect them from their boss.Teachers' AIDS awareness workshops and seminars were irregular and often conducted by the NGOs to very few selected teachers due to high costs
involved in organising such trainings. Those teachers who were suspected of suffering from AIDS were not likely to be promoted or recommended because they were seen not to perform.The study revealed that multiple partnership and sex with non-regular
partners, including pupils (72%), prevailed among teachers thereby exposing them, both teachers and pupils, to the risk of HIV infection. The fact that almost one-quarter of teachers were single raised concern of their increased risk of HIV infection as they would be in unsteady sexual relationships.The majority (63%) of the respondents did not know their HIV status. Despite the fact that 32% of the respondents claimed that they were negative, no one
reported to be positive while 42% and 49.3% reported that…
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections;
Viruses- - Infections
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APA (6th Edition):
Munachaka, J. C. (2011). Teachers' vulnerability to HIV/AIDS infection : The case of Lusaka District
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/462
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Munachaka, Jonathan C. “Teachers' vulnerability to HIV/AIDS infection : The case of Lusaka District
.” 2011. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/462.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Munachaka, Jonathan C. “Teachers' vulnerability to HIV/AIDS infection : The case of Lusaka District
.” 2011. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Munachaka JC. Teachers' vulnerability to HIV/AIDS infection : The case of Lusaka District
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/462.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Munachaka JC. Teachers' vulnerability to HIV/AIDS infection : The case of Lusaka District
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/462
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
4.
Daka, Victor M.
Seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasmosis in individuals attending Chipokotamayamba Clinic in Ndola, Zambia
.
Degree: 2015, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3806
► Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii. It is estimated to infect a third of the world’s population although the majority of…
(more)
▼ Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii. It is estimated to infect a third of the world’s population although the majority of the infections are largely asymptomatic. In HIV/ AIDS patients toxoplasmosis is capable of causing debilitating disease and is of significance when vertically transmitted to the unborn fetus causing serious disease sequale. There is limited data on the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in Zambia which is important for shaping public health policy. In this study we determined seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG among individuals attending Chipokotamayamba clinic located in Ndola, Zambia.
The study was cross-sectional; employed the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method, to determine individual serostatus to Toxoplasma gondii IgG and a structured questionnaire to collect the data on potential risk factors. Seroprevalence was determined through frequency distribution of serostatus, and statistical significance of the potential risk factors was assessed using multivariate logistic regression.
Four hundred and eight (408) individuals participated in the study. Seroprevalence was 10.8%. The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis by HIV status was 9.5% and 12.4% in HIV negative and HIV positive individuals respectively. Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 9.2% among women of child bearing age (15-44 years). No statistically significant difference in T. gondii seroprevalence was demonstrated among sexes (p=0.44), occupation (p=0.58), HIV status (p=0.12) and residence (p=0.54).No significant association between T. gondii seroprevalence and history of contact with cats, cleaning the cat litter box, eating raw or undercooked vegetables, eating raw or undercooked meat and being in regular contact with soil or a soil related occupation was found.
The findings from this study indicate that toxoplasmosis is endemic in the population attending Chipokotamayamba clinic and could be of clinical significance in the management of individuals at risk of cerebral and congenital toxoplasmosis. Most women attending Chipokotamayamba clinic are susceptible to acute Toxoplasma infection and should be educated about ways to minimize exposure to T. gondii.
We recommend health education on ways to avoid T. gondii infection as well as regular screening for toxoplasmosis in HIV positive individuals and pregnant mothers attending Chipokotamayamba clinic. More research is needed in Zambia to clearly define the epidemiology of Toxoplasmosis.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV Seroprevalence;
HIV Infections-Zambia
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Daka, V. M. (2015). Seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasmosis in individuals attending Chipokotamayamba Clinic in Ndola, Zambia
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3806
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Daka, Victor M. “Seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasmosis in individuals attending Chipokotamayamba Clinic in Ndola, Zambia
.” 2015. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3806.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Daka, Victor M. “Seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasmosis in individuals attending Chipokotamayamba Clinic in Ndola, Zambia
.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Daka VM. Seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasmosis in individuals attending Chipokotamayamba Clinic in Ndola, Zambia
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3806.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Daka VM. Seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasmosis in individuals attending Chipokotamayamba Clinic in Ndola, Zambia
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3806
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
5.
Hamomba, Leoda.
Adherence to universal precautions with reference to HIV infection among midwives and trained traditional birth attendants during home and health centre deliveries in Siavonga and Mazabuka Districts
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1570
► A cross sectional study was undertaken in both Siavonga and Mazabuka Districts. The general objective of the study was to determine if Universal Precautions were…
(more)
▼ A cross sectional study was undertaken in both Siavonga and Mazabuka Districts. The general objective of the study was to determine if Universal Precautions were adhered to, and the reason for non-adherence among midwives, nurses who perform deliveries in the health centres and trained traditional birth attendants who perform deliveries in homes. It was hypothised that trained traditional birth attendants (TB ) and midwives adhere to Universal Precautions (UPS) during deliveries performed at home and health centres.
A convenient sampling method was used. A total number of 63 midwives including nurses and 64 trained traditional birth attendants were interviewed for the study. Data was collected using two semi-structured questionnaires during a face-to-face interview. Questionnaire one was for the practicing midwives and nurses, while questionnaire two was for the practicing tTBAs. Two Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were held; one for the midwives and nurses and the other for the trained traditional birth attendants. A checklist was used to observe routine deliveries for the midwives and nurses as well as tTBAs, although it was not possible to observe any routine deliveries for tTBAs because of poor communication and transport to the delivery sites. Epi-info 6 and SPSS were used to analyze data. The Chi-square was used to measure association between qualitative factors, and the cut off point for statistical significance was set at 5 percent. Regression analysis was also done to determine the value of the independent variables, which are the factors associated with adherence to Universal Precautions.
The study findings revealed that the proportion of midwives and nurses adhering to Universal Precautions was 63.5%, while that of the trained traditional birth attendants was 67.2%.The most significant factors related to adherence for the midwives and nurses were the availability of medical supplies and the inclusion of UPS in their training. Respondents who were trained in UPS were 24.89 (95% CI 1.63, 380.59) times more likely to have adhered to UPS. Respondents who received weekly medical supplies were 11.86 (95% CI 2.10, 67.03) times more likely to adhere to UPS compared to respondents who received monthly supplies. Trained traditional birth attendants who had heard of
Universal Precautions were 5.61 (95% CI 1.90,16.55) times more likely to have adhered to Universal Precautions.
Focus Group Discussions conducted among midwives and nurses revealed that they had knowledge of the standard Universal Precautions (UPS) through their training, but could not apply that knowledge because of the unavailability of medical supplies. Focus Group Discussions conducted among trained traditional birth attendants revealed that they have heard of Universal Precautions through their training, but they needed more knowledge through workshops, and, refresher courses. Adequate medical supplies and refresher courses would enhance adherence to Universal Precautions.
Observations of routine deliveries for the midwives and nurses showed…
Subjects/Keywords: Midwives;
HIV infections
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Hamomba, L. (2012). Adherence to universal precautions with reference to HIV infection among midwives and trained traditional birth attendants during home and health centre deliveries in Siavonga and Mazabuka Districts
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1570
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hamomba, Leoda. “Adherence to universal precautions with reference to HIV infection among midwives and trained traditional birth attendants during home and health centre deliveries in Siavonga and Mazabuka Districts
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1570.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hamomba, Leoda. “Adherence to universal precautions with reference to HIV infection among midwives and trained traditional birth attendants during home and health centre deliveries in Siavonga and Mazabuka Districts
.” 2012. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Hamomba L. Adherence to universal precautions with reference to HIV infection among midwives and trained traditional birth attendants during home and health centre deliveries in Siavonga and Mazabuka Districts
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1570.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Hamomba L. Adherence to universal precautions with reference to HIV infection among midwives and trained traditional birth attendants during home and health centre deliveries in Siavonga and Mazabuka Districts
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1570
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
6.
Musheke, Maurice.
Work-related stress among Choma Kara counselling home-based care workers of AIDS patients
.
Degree: 2013, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2048
► Infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) constitute the greatest global public health challenge today, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which has been worst…
(more)
▼ Infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) constitute the greatest global public health challenge today, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which has been worst hit by the pandemic. This has created pressure on the capacity for health care institutions and health workers to respond effectively to the challenges imposed by the disease. Consequently, home-based care (HBC) of people suffering from the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has emerged as another fundamental response to the AIDS pandemic. While extensive studies have been undertaken on stress in medical practice, not much is known about work-related stress among home-based care workers of AIDS patients.The aim of the study was to explore work-related stress among Choma Kara counselling home-based care workers of AIDS patients. A cross sectional study design was used. Simple random sampling was used to randomly select fourteen (14) zones from the existing thirty (30) zones. Personal interviews were conducted with one hundred and thirty-five (135) home-based caregivers. The self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to identify cases of stress. The cut-off point was set at 4. Additional information that was collected included socio-demographic information, home-based care tasks and coping mechanisms in home-based care for AIDS patients. Data was entered into, and analysed using, the statistical package for
social sciences (SPSS version 13). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Chi-
square test and binary logistical regression to establish relationship between independent variables and the dependent variable. The level of statistical significance was set at the p=0.05 level. Cleaning the house and surrounding (81.5%); food preparation for, and feeding of, AIDS patients (48.9% and 43.0% respectively), drawing water and fetching firewood (48.1%), washing clothes and bed linen of AIDS patients (74.1%>), bathing and cleaning AIDS patients (78.5%), and health education (62.2%) were found to be the physical tasks conducted by caregivers. The psychosocial tasks performed were the counselling of AIDS patients (33.3%), counselling of families of AIDS patients (71.9%) and community members (18.5%), and the provision of spiritual and emotional support to AIDS patients and their families (75.6%). Hundred and twenty-three (123) caregivers (91.3%) were trained in home-based care, out of which forty-one (41) caregivers (33.3%) reported that the training was not adequate for them to effective perform their work. The prevalence of stress was found to be 35.6%. After adjusting for age and other socio-demographic characteristics, only stigma and discrimination of AIDS patients (OR, 4.38; 95% CI, 1.74-11.02); lack of/inadequate training in HBC (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.49-0.83); and short duration of practice as caregiver (OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.05-6.00) were found to be independently associated with stress.
To cope with stress, caregivers simply accepted the situation and continued life as normal (98%), took a bath and or rest (58.0…
Subjects/Keywords: Infections-HIV/AIDS
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APA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Musheke, M. (2013). Work-related stress among Choma Kara counselling home-based care workers of AIDS patients
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2048
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Musheke, Maurice. “Work-related stress among Choma Kara counselling home-based care workers of AIDS patients
.” 2013. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2048.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Musheke, Maurice. “Work-related stress among Choma Kara counselling home-based care workers of AIDS patients
.” 2013. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Musheke M. Work-related stress among Choma Kara counselling home-based care workers of AIDS patients
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2048.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Musheke M. Work-related stress among Choma Kara counselling home-based care workers of AIDS patients
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2048
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Aberdeen
7.
Poudel, Ak Narayan.
The economic burden of HIV/AIDS upon households in Nepal.
Degree: PhD, 2015, University of Aberdeen
URL: https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12152556840005941
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.641479
► This study is concerned with the economic burden of HIV/AIDS in Nepal. It focuses on the direct costs of seeking treatment, productivity costs (before and…
(more)
▼ This study is concerned with the economic burden of HIV/AIDS in Nepal. It focuses on the direct costs of seeking treatment, productivity costs (before and after adjustment for coping strategies), catastrophic and impoverishing impacts, the coping strategies used by households and the socio-economic impacts of stigma and discrimination. The study was cross-sectional and employed a mixed-methods approach. The survey questionnaire (quantitative study) with 415 respondents and in-depth interviews (qualitative study) with 30 participants were conducted in six treatment centres in six different districts. Total costs due to HIV/AIDS (the sum of direct costs and productivity costs before adjustment for coping strategies) were an average of Nepalese Rupees (NRs) 2,233 per month (US$ 30.2/month), 28.5% of the household income. The main determinants of direct costs were found to be cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) level, household income, occupation, whether the people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) was accompanied, and district. The main determinants of productivity costs were found to be self-reported health status, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and district. The most frequently used coping strategies were the use of savings or income, taking a loan and sale of assets. Nearly 75% of households faced catastrophic impacts due to direct and productivity costs. The study concluded that HIV/AIDS has caused a significant economic burden for (PLHA) and their families in Nepal. The study has helped fill the knowledge gap about the extent, nature and determinants of this economic burden. It has also involved methodological innovation, particularly in the measurement of productivity costs. The major limitations were a concentration on respondents attending treatment centres, the lack of a control group, the possibility of recall bias and restrictions on the type of analysis conducted because of time constraints. The study has a number of policy implications for different stakeholders and sets a further research agenda.
Subjects/Keywords: 610; HIV infections
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Poudel, A. N. (2015). The economic burden of HIV/AIDS upon households in Nepal. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Aberdeen. Retrieved from https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12152556840005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.641479
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Poudel, Ak Narayan. “The economic burden of HIV/AIDS upon households in Nepal.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Aberdeen. Accessed January 17, 2021.
https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12152556840005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.641479.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Poudel, Ak Narayan. “The economic burden of HIV/AIDS upon households in Nepal.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Poudel AN. The economic burden of HIV/AIDS upon households in Nepal. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Aberdeen; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12152556840005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.641479.
Council of Science Editors:
Poudel AN. The economic burden of HIV/AIDS upon households in Nepal. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Aberdeen; 2015. Available from: https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12152556840005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.641479
Rutgers University
8.
Russnak, Timothy, 1986-.
Investigating the ubiquitin-proteasome system for targeted reversal of HIV-1 latency.
Degree: PhD, Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, 2018, Rutgers University
URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/56113/
► HIV is a worldwide epidemic, remaining the ever-present specter among all matters regarding blood or other bodily fluids, such as sexual intercourse, healthcare, blood transfusions,…
(more)
▼ HIV is a worldwide epidemic, remaining the ever-present specter among all matters regarding blood or other bodily fluids, such as sexual intercourse, healthcare, blood transfusions, or even surgery, particularly in resource-poor areas. While antiretroviral drug therapy is highly successful in suppressing the virus and preventing transmission, it cannot cure the infection due to latency – the ability of HIV to go into a silent state within cells; once drug therapy is stopped, reactivating latent virus will cause a surge of the viral load within days or weeks. Current drug therapies do not act on this latent reservoir, necessitating lifelong adherence to medication, which is both extremely costly and comes with negative side effects. The mainstay of research into HIV latency deals with teasing apart the mechanisms involved in establishing and maintaining latency, in the hopes of finding drug compounds which can efficiently reverse latency and thus purge the body of hidden HIV. In searching for cellular pathways involved in latency, our lab has employed a genome-wide negative-selection screen, which indicated that the ubiquitin-proteasome system plays a role in maintaining latency. This led us to discover that proteasome inhibitors act as bifunctional antagonists of HIV, both reversing the latent state and reducing infectivity of virions. We went on to identify the specific ubiquitin-proteasome pathway that is involved in maintaining latency. We then investigated the activity of a small-molecule inhibitor of one component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, showing its ability to reactivate latent HIV in both a primary cell model and in cells taken from aviremic HIV+ patients. These results are a proof-of-concept that inhibition of a specific ubiquitin-proteasome pathway can allow for specific reversal of HIV latency.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gelinas, Celine (chair), Walworth, Nancy (internal member), Roth, Monica (internal member), Fan, Huizhou (outside member), School of Graduate Studies.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections – Treatment
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APA (6th Edition):
Russnak, Timothy, 1. (2018). Investigating the ubiquitin-proteasome system for targeted reversal of HIV-1 latency. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/56113/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Russnak, Timothy, 1986-. “Investigating the ubiquitin-proteasome system for targeted reversal of HIV-1 latency.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Rutgers University. Accessed January 17, 2021.
https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/56113/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Russnak, Timothy, 1986-. “Investigating the ubiquitin-proteasome system for targeted reversal of HIV-1 latency.” 2018. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Russnak, Timothy 1. Investigating the ubiquitin-proteasome system for targeted reversal of HIV-1 latency. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/56113/.
Council of Science Editors:
Russnak, Timothy 1. Investigating the ubiquitin-proteasome system for targeted reversal of HIV-1 latency. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2018. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/56113/
University of Oxford
9.
James, Katherine Louise.
Viral genetics of HIV-2 infection.
Degree: PhD, 2015, University of Oxford
URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:68ba022d-62e4-4cb1-8032-085ea5240b98
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711962
► HIV-2 is a contemporary human retrovirus with the majority of infections localised to West Africa. Both HIV-1 and HIV-2 are able to cause AIDS; however,…
(more)
▼ HIV-2 is a contemporary human retrovirus with the majority of infections localised to West Africa. Both HIV-1 and HIV-2 are able to cause AIDS; however, in contrast to HIV-1 infection, a common outcome following HIV-2 infection (∼ 37% of patients in this study cohort) is long-term non-progression (LTNP), where patients remain aviraemic and asymptomatic in the absence of treatment, often for decades. HIV-1 and HIV-2 both arose following zoonotic transmission of SIVs from non-human primates at around the beginning of the 20th century and when patients develop AIDS caused by HIV-2 infection, it is clinically indistinguishable from AIDS following HIV-1 infection. Whilst the estimated number of HIV-2 infections remains small in the context of the global HIV pandemic (HIV-2 ∼ 2 million, HIV-1 group M ∼75 million), the differences in pathogenicity between these two viruses has been a source of great interest, particularly the features of LTNPs that allow control of viral replication in the absence of anti-retroviral treatment. The studies described in this thesis were carried out using samples collected from a well-characterised longitudinal community cohort in Caió, Guinea-Bissau. Chapter 3 of this thesis presents an investigation into the variation and evolution present in the HIV-2 specific accessory gene vpx. The data showed significantly increased signals of positive selection pressure in vpx in viraemic when compared to non-viraemic patients and also allowed the identification of novel variations at high frequencies (up to 22%) in this cohort that were previously un-described. Chapters 4 and 5 present a novel application of shotgun RNA sequencing (RNA- Seq) to HIV ex vitro and ex vivo samples. Chapter 4 demonstrates the divergence seen in a cultured viral isolate at the level of the whole genome, in the absence of many of the biases typically involved in sequencing of RNA viruses. Chapter 5 further extends this method to show the applicability of using RNA-Seq on primary patient HIV samples for the first time. Analysis of diversity estimates over the whole genome in the context of a low bias sequencing method show a high level of diversity in HIV-2 pol and low diversity in vpx. The aim of this work was to combine traditional and novel sequencing methods to facilitate assessment of the variation and evolution acting on vpx and to generate an accurate picture of the genetic diversity over the whole genome of HIV-2.
Subjects/Keywords: 616.97; HIV infections; HIV antibodies; HIV (Viruses)
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APA (6th Edition):
James, K. L. (2015). Viral genetics of HIV-2 infection. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:68ba022d-62e4-4cb1-8032-085ea5240b98 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711962
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
James, Katherine Louise. “Viral genetics of HIV-2 infection.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:68ba022d-62e4-4cb1-8032-085ea5240b98 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711962.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
James, Katherine Louise. “Viral genetics of HIV-2 infection.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
James KL. Viral genetics of HIV-2 infection. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:68ba022d-62e4-4cb1-8032-085ea5240b98 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711962.
Council of Science Editors:
James KL. Viral genetics of HIV-2 infection. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2015. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:68ba022d-62e4-4cb1-8032-085ea5240b98 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711962
Stellenbosch University
10.
Moyo, Sikhulile.
HIV-1C dynamics and evolutionary trends in Botswana.
Degree: PhD, Pathology, 2016, Stellenbosch University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/100312
► ENGLISH ABSTRACT : Introduction: HIV incidence estimates are critical for monitoring HIV transmission dynamics, and for design and evaluation of the impact of interventions. Biomarkers…
(more)
▼ ENGLISH ABSTRACT : Introduction:
HIV incidence estimates are critical for monitoring
HIV transmission dynamics, and for
design and evaluation of the impact of interventions. Biomarkers and assays for cross-sectional
surveillance of
HIV incidence are greatly needed because of the high costs and time needed to
maintain prospective cohorts to determine
HIV incidence. New cross-sectional assays for estimation of
HIV incidence are attractive due to their improved performance and cost-effectiveness. In this
dissertation, methods for identification and characterization of recency of
HIV infection are described.
An in-depth review of
HIV recency determination methods, including novel cross-sectional application
of molecular methods, is given in “From serological assays to genomics.” Multi-assay approaches
were evaluated in order to increase the sensitivity and specificity of the commercial incidence assays in
the context of high treatment coverage and stable but high
HIV prevalence in Botswana. A novel
biomarker based on
HIV viral diversity was investigated as a complementary or standalone tool to
characterize
HIV recency. In this thesis, an innovative use of pairwise diversity and the time to the
most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) in a heterosexual
HIV-1 subtype C (
HIV-1C) epidemic were
introduced as novel approaches for
HIV incidence estimation. We evaluated the properties of the new
potential tools for estimating time since infection, including their specificity and predictive
performance in the context of the
HIV-1C epidemic in Botswana.
Methods: Characterization of
HIV recency and novel biomarkers for estimation of
HIV infection
incidence is based on application of immunologic and molecular methods:
a) Evaluation of the long-term specificity (false recent classification rates) of serological tests for
recent infection, and algorithms for estimating
HIV-1C incidence utilizing samples from
patients with known long-standing
HIV infection.
b) Application of within-host viral diversity for estimation of
HIV-1C recency in Botswana using
samples collected from patients with known time since seroconversion in the primary
HIV-1C
infection cohort.
c) Investigation of intra-host viral pairwise diversity and the time to the most common recent
ancestor (tMRCA), as potential markers for
HIV infection recency.
Results: We estimated for the first time false recency rates (FRR) of the commercially available BED
and Limiting Antigen (LAg) assays in Botswana. We demonstrated that combined algorithms reduce
FRR to the recommended < 2%. Including viral load in the assay algorithm resulted in an FRR of 0.4%
for LAg. Analysis of the within-host viral pairwise diversity provided more accurate estimation of
HIV
recency, as compared with the recommended LAg and BED using the receiver operator characteristic
analysis (ROC). We demonstrated that intra-host viral pairwise distances reduce misclassification and
increase the accuracy of serologic assays. tMRCA and intra-host viral pairwise distances correlated
with…
Advisors/Committee Members: Engelbrecht, Susan, De Oliveira, Tulio, Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Pathology. Medical Virology.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV-1; HIV infections – Botswana; HIV infections – Biomarkers; HIV infections – Molecular diagnostics; UCTD
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Moyo, S. (2016). HIV-1C dynamics and evolutionary trends in Botswana. (Doctoral Dissertation). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/100312
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Moyo, Sikhulile. “HIV-1C dynamics and evolutionary trends in Botswana.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Stellenbosch University. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/100312.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Moyo, Sikhulile. “HIV-1C dynamics and evolutionary trends in Botswana.” 2016. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Moyo S. HIV-1C dynamics and evolutionary trends in Botswana. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/100312.
Council of Science Editors:
Moyo S. HIV-1C dynamics and evolutionary trends in Botswana. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/100312
Columbia University
11.
Austin, Judith Florence.
Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies.
Degree: 2015, Columbia University
URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MG7NG7
► In the context of decreasing mortality and increasing prevalence, prevention of HIV-transmission represents a public health priority. In the United States, the majority of infections…
(more)
▼ In the context of decreasing mortality and increasing prevalence, prevention of HIV-transmission represents a public health priority. In the United States, the majority of infections are sexually-acquired, with men who have sex with men and minorities disproportionately affected. Although a number of promising biomedical prevention approaches have emerged over the past decade, a further 20 years could be needed before a suitable product becomes widely available. Evidence from vaccine and microbicide trials has shown that success in one population may not be replicated in another. To understand surprising or unexpected results, investigators need chronologically concordant evidence of both study product adherence and viral exposure. Since exposure to HIV cannot yet be independently verified, in seeking to measure this variable, investigators target the sexual behaviors through which it takes place deriving data for these surrogate measures from study participants' voluntary self-reports.
Likely sources of reporting bias and efforts to minimize this phenomenon in the context of HIV-prevention research are critically reviewed in Chapter 1. Research describing the role of cognitive and affective functioning in the preparation of responses to potentially threatening questions is examined. Studies investigating techniques such as the use of colloquial language to facilitate comprehension, or variation in the length of the reference period to enhance recall are explored. Research comparing the effect of mode of administration on the amount of proscribed behavior reported - widely believed to correlate with validity - is reviewed. Contextual factors facilitating versus inhibiting disclosure of sensitive information are examined. Finally, risk-behavior measurement approaches used in selected HIV-prevention trials are inspected. Thereafter, the dissertation focuses on the properties of risk-assessment items, formulated specifically to elicit Global recall over six months, or Event-Specific (episodic) memory for selected recent episodes of limited duration, to capture sexual behaviors or temporally related activities. The capacity of the different questionnaire item formats to elicit responses with sufficient construct validity to serve as proxies for HIV-exposure is examined. Data for these studies are drawn from a large randomized controlled trial of a behavioral intervention to prevent HIV-transmission among men who have sex with men. Using a subset of 1295 cases and controls, models with good discriminant validity for HIV are derived separately for the Global and Event-Specific items. Thereafter, selected items from the two formats are combined to produce a single model with excellent discriminant validity, suggesting that these items can adequately represent true HIV-exposure.
Next, a preliminary investigation of the contribution of psychosocial items to the predictive model based on exposure measures is undertaken. Specifically, interaction with exposure measures and the increase in discriminant validity…
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections—Prevention; HIV infections – Transmission; HIV infections – Risk factors; HIV-positive gay men; HIV infections; Epidemiology; Public health
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Austin, J. F. (2015). Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MG7NG7
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Austin, Judith Florence. “Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed January 17, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MG7NG7.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Austin, Judith Florence. “Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Austin JF. Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MG7NG7.
Council of Science Editors:
Austin JF. Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2015. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MG7NG7
University of Zambia
12.
Muchemwa, Levy.
Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia
.
Degree: 2015, University of Zambia
URL: http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4334
► INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is recognised as one the leading causes of severe sepsis among HIV positive patients. Most patients with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia have advanced HIV disease…
(more)
▼ INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is recognised as one the leading causes of severe sepsis among HIV positive patients. Most patients with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia have advanced HIV disease with CD4 counts less than 100cells/ul and many do not present with the classical signs of tuberculosis. Unusual presentation of tuberculosis mycobacteraemia makes the diagnosis of tuberculosis in these patients a challenge.
METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study which was done by analyzing data from 199 HIV positive patients enrolled in two randomized control studies; the Simplified Severe Sepsis Protocol (SSSP) and SSSP-2 and data from 2 patients enrolled independently. Participants were adults who met the inclusion criteria for severe sepsis. Baseline data was collected on demographic and laboratory characteristics including blood cultures for tuberculosis and aerobic organisms.
RESULTS: The prevalence of tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in the study population was 34.8%.The study population was generally underweight but the population with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia had a significantly lower mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) than the population without (20.2[SD: 2.4] vs 21.4 [SD: 3.8] cm; p=0.01).There was a higher proportion of patients with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in patients who were not on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) compared to those on ART (p=0.01). The study population was generally anaemic with mean haemoglobin of 8.0(SD: 3.0) g/dl but the tuberculosis mycobacteraemia group had significantly lower haemoglobin. The population with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia had a significantly lower median CD4 count compared to the population without (44cells/dl vs 56 cells/dl; p=0.01). Aerobes were isolated in 20.4% (41) of the study population. The commonest isolate was Staphylococcus aureus 5% (10). Factors that were independently associated with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia include low MUAC, unknown ART history, low albumin and low sodium.
CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis mycobacteraemia is very common in HIV infected patients with severe sepsis. Low CD4 count, albumin, sodium levels and low MUAC were independently associated with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in patients with severe sepsis. Severe anaemia was not independently associated with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV Infections – Zambia;
Tuberculosis – Zambia
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Muchemwa, L. (2015). Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4334
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Muchemwa, Levy. “Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia
.” 2015. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4334.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Muchemwa, Levy. “Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia
.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Muchemwa L. Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4334.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Muchemwa L. Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2015. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4334
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Oxford
13.
Boswell, Michael.
Impact of host restriction factors and capsid evolution on HIV disease progression.
Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Oxford
URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c8fb6800-bf10-42a1-a072-dd810e8f9462
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.791772
► HIV-1 is responsible for the global HIV pandemic whereas HIV-2 has mostly been limited to West Africa. The key to their successful spread is their…
(more)
▼ HIV-1 is responsible for the global HIV pandemic whereas HIV-2 has mostly been limited to West Africa. The key to their successful spread is their unparalleled ability to adapt to the host immune system. The contemporary HIV pandemics are the latest iteration in a millennia-long evolutionary arms race between retroviruses and their hosts. Two host restriction factors which have been important actors in this arms race are TRIM5α and its paralogue TRIM22. TRIM5α targets the retroviral capsid, whereas TRIM22 suppresses retroviral transcription indirectly. The central hypothesis for the thesis is that the HIV capsid and TRIM restriction are associated with HIV disease progression. In this thesis we present findings from four projects. In chapter three we discuss the effect of TRIM genotype on disease outcomes in children and adolescents infected perinatally with HIV-1. We characterised TRIM genetic diversity in this cohort and found that TRIM22 genotype is associated with CD4+ T cell counts and, potentially, disease progression rates. Chapter four presents the outcomes of using CD4+ T cell kinetic data to stratify HIV-2 infected adults into disease progressor groups. Forty-six percent of patients were classified as fast progressors and 54% as slow progressors. Slow progressors advanced to AIDS at approximately half the rate of fast progressors, had higher CD4+ T cell levels and a slower CD4+ T cell decline rate. In chapter five we discuss the effect of TRIM genotype on HIV-2 disease outcomes in adults. TRIM22 genotype associated with significant effects on long-term CD4+ levels, though these effects were modest. Finally, we report that intrahost evolutionary rates of HIV-2 gag are significantly higher in fast progressors, that the p24 region evolves under negative selection and that evolutionary rates correlate negatively with CD4+ T cell percentage.
Subjects/Keywords: Viral phylogenetics; HIV infections; Immunogenetics
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Boswell, M. (2019). Impact of host restriction factors and capsid evolution on HIV disease progression. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c8fb6800-bf10-42a1-a072-dd810e8f9462 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.791772
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Boswell, Michael. “Impact of host restriction factors and capsid evolution on HIV disease progression.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c8fb6800-bf10-42a1-a072-dd810e8f9462 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.791772.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Boswell, Michael. “Impact of host restriction factors and capsid evolution on HIV disease progression.” 2019. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Boswell M. Impact of host restriction factors and capsid evolution on HIV disease progression. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c8fb6800-bf10-42a1-a072-dd810e8f9462 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.791772.
Council of Science Editors:
Boswell M. Impact of host restriction factors and capsid evolution on HIV disease progression. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2019. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c8fb6800-bf10-42a1-a072-dd810e8f9462 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.791772
University of Johannesburg
14.
Traut, Telisha.
Design, synthesis and biological activity of novel HIV integrase inhibitors.
Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Johannesburg
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8085
► Despite nearly three decades of intensive research, the HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a major challenge to modern medicine. The discovery and development of antiretroviral agents acting…
(more)
▼ Despite nearly three decades of intensive research, the HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a major challenge to modern medicine. The discovery and development of antiretroviral agents acting against various essential viral processes and enzymatic targets have greatly enhanced the quality of life for infected individuals, but no cure or preventative vaccine is available as yet and HIV infection is currently considered irreversible. Furthermore, the emergence of viral resistance to every class and type of antiretroviral treatment agent necessitates the continued discovery of antiretroviral agents with novel mechanisms of action. The first antiretroviral agent targeting the retroviral integrase enzyme (InsentressTM, Raltegravir) received regulatory approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration during 2007, validating HIV-1 integrase as a therapeutic target and providing a much-needed second- or third-line treatment option for treatment experienced patients. This enzyme was selected as a target for the current work. As limited data were available on the primary and secondary structure of the biologically relevant HIV-1 integrase enzyme, a first step in the present work was the construction of monomeric, dimeric and tetrameric models of the enzyme with biologically relevant catalytic centres incorporating both viral and host co-factors and DNA. The models were constructed to identify potential inhibitors of the strandtransfer reaction of HIV-1 integrase and were based on observations and interactions reported in the literature and on crystal structure data of HIV-1 integrase sub-domains and related structures available in the Protein Data Bank. The monomeric model was used as the macromolecular target in docking studies with “drug-like” compound databases, identifying the pyrrolidinone compound class as an in silico hit candidate for further development. Initial activity screening of a number of commercially available pyrrolidinone analogues against recombinant HIV-1 subtype B integrase in direct enzyme assays confirmed the predicted potential for strand transfer inhibition of the compound class, and provided initial support in the further development of this compound class as inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase that target the strand-transfer step. Retrosynthetic analysis of the pyrrolidinone hit candidates provided a facile one-pot, three-component synthetic pathway from readily available starting materials, which generally gave the proposed products cleanly and in acceptable yields. A range of closely related analogues were designed and synthesised. The analogues making up this series generally differed by only one functional group, in order to enable initial structureactivity relationship investigations during later stages of the project. Foreword Page XVI The synthesised pyrrolidinone analogues were screened through a range of direct and cell-based in vitro assays to determine the toxicity and strand-transfer activity of each. In general, the pyrrolidinone compounds proved well-tolerated in PM1 cell culture, with…
Subjects/Keywords: Antiretroviral agents; HIV infections - Treatment
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Traut, T. (2012). Design, synthesis and biological activity of novel HIV integrase inhibitors. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8085
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Traut, Telisha. “Design, synthesis and biological activity of novel HIV integrase inhibitors.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Johannesburg. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8085.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Traut, Telisha. “Design, synthesis and biological activity of novel HIV integrase inhibitors.” 2012. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Traut T. Design, synthesis and biological activity of novel HIV integrase inhibitors. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Johannesburg; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8085.
Council of Science Editors:
Traut T. Design, synthesis and biological activity of novel HIV integrase inhibitors. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Johannesburg; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/8085
University of Nairobi
15.
Nadia, Musimbi Chanzu.
Secretor status, fucosyltransferase 2 (fut2) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to HIV infections among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
.
Degree: 2014, University of Nairobi
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11295/76710
► Blood group antigens are expressed on red blood cells however; these antigens can also be expressed on some other cells particularly on the surface of…
(more)
▼ Blood group antigens are expressed on red blood cells however; these antigens can also
be expressed on some other cells particularly on the surface of epithelial cells and may be
found in mucosal secretions. The gene known to determine the secretion of these blood
group antigens is the Secretor Fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) gene. In many human
populations 80% secrete ABO antigens (termed secretors) while 20% do not (termed nonsecretors).
Furthermore, there are disease conditions that are associated with secretor
status. It is against this background that this study was proposed.
Hypothesis:
There are correlations between Secretor FUT2 gene polymorphisms and blood group
antigen secretor status; non-secretors are less susceptible to HIV infections.
Broad Objective:
To investigate associations between mucosal blood group antigen expression profiles
(secretor status), Secretor FUT2 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to HIV infection
among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.
Study Design:
This was a cross-sectional study.
Study Area:
This study was conducted at the Nairobi Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, and at sex
worker outreach program clinics, from the Pumwani Majengo female sex worker cohort,
Nairobi, Kenya.
Study Population:
This study enlisted 142 adults of both gender (male and female, aged 18-65 years) from
the regional blood transfusion centre in Nairobi, Kenya. In addition, this study recruited
280 female sex workers from the well-established Pumwani Majengo cohort aged 18 to
65 years of age (n=422).
Materials and Methods:
Blood, saliva and female genital tract (vaginal and cervical) specimens were collected
from each study participant once informed written consent was obtained. The laboratory
analyses were carried out at the KAVI Institute of Clinical Research (KAVI-ICR) and the
University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases (UNITID)
laboratories, Nairobi. Blood typing was determined using standard serological techniques
using monoclonal antibodies to the ABH, Rhesus (D) and Duffy (Fya, Fyb) blood group
antigens. Secretor phenotyping was determined using lectins specific to blood group H
antigen in both salivary and female genital tract samples. This was correlated to the HIV
sero-status. The correlation of secretor phenotypes to CD4+ T cell counts, was based on
retrospective data analyses, following immunophenotyping using a CD3/CD4/CD45
panel on an BD LSR II flow cytometer. For secretor genotyping, DNA was extracted
from frozen whole blood samples. Quantitative real-time amplification was performed
based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on a Rotor-gene Q (Qiagen) and PCR
products sequenced on the next-generation pyrosequencer, Pyromark Q24 platform
(Qiagen).
Results:
Objective 1: ABO blood group phenotype frequency distribution was O>A>B>AB
comprising 199 (47.2%), 120 (28.4%), 84 (19.9%) and 19 (4.5%) respectively with 408
(96.7%) Rhesus (D) positive cases. Duffy positive phenotypes were reported in 2 (0.47%)
of the study…
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections;
Female sex workers
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APA (6th Edition):
Nadia, M. C. (2014). Secretor status, fucosyltransferase 2 (fut2) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to HIV infections among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
. (Thesis). University of Nairobi. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11295/76710
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nadia, Musimbi Chanzu. “Secretor status, fucosyltransferase 2 (fut2) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to HIV infections among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
.” 2014. Thesis, University of Nairobi. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11295/76710.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nadia, Musimbi Chanzu. “Secretor status, fucosyltransferase 2 (fut2) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to HIV infections among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
.” 2014. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Nadia MC. Secretor status, fucosyltransferase 2 (fut2) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to HIV infections among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Nairobi; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11295/76710.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Nadia MC. Secretor status, fucosyltransferase 2 (fut2) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to HIV infections among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
. [Thesis]. University of Nairobi; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11295/76710
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
16.
Muchemwa, Levy.
Association of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia.
Degree: 2015, University of Zimbabwe
URL: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4336
► INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is recognised as one the leading causes of severe sepsis among HIV positive patients. Most patients with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia have advanced HIV disease…
(more)
▼ INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is recognised as one the leading causes of severe sepsis among HIV positive patients. Most patients with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia have advanced HIV disease with CD4 counts less than 100cells/ul and many do not present with the classical signs of tuberculosis. Unusual presentation of tuberculosis mycobacteraemia makes the diagnosis of tuberculosis in these patients a challenge.
METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study which was done by analyzing data from 199 HIV positive patients enrolled in two randomized control studies; the Simplified Severe Sepsis Protocol (SSSP) and SSSP-2 and data from 2 patients enrolled independently. Participants were adults who met the inclusion criteria for severe sepsis. Baseline data was collected on demographic and laboratory characteristics including blood cultures for tuberculosis and aerobic organisms.
RESULTS: The prevalence of tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in the study population was 34.8%.The study population was generally underweight but the population with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia had a significantly lower mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) than the population without (20.2[SD: 2.4] vs 21.4 [SD: 3.8] cm; p=0.01).There was a higher proportion of patients with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in patients who were not on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) compared to those on ART (p=0.01). The study population was generally anaemic with mean haemoglobin of 8.0(SD: 3.0) g/dl but the tuberculosis mycobacteraemia group had significantly lower haemoglobin. The population with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia had a significantly lower median CD4 count compared to the population without (44cells/dl vs 56 cells/dl; p=0.01). Aerobes were isolated in 20.4% (41) of the study population. The commonest isolate was Staphylococcus aureus 5% (10). Factors that were independently associated with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia include low MUAC, unknown ART history, low albumin and low sodium.
CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis mycobacteraemia is very common in HIV infected patients with severe sepsis. Low CD4 count, albumin, sodium levels and low MUAC were independently associated with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in patients with severe sepsis. Severe anaemia was not independently associated with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV Infections – Zambia; Tuberculosis – Zambia
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Muchemwa, L. (2015). Association of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia. (Thesis). University of Zimbabwe. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4336
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Muchemwa, Levy. “Association of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia.” 2015. Thesis, University of Zimbabwe. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4336.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Muchemwa, Levy. “Association of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Muchemwa L. Association of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4336.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Muchemwa L. Association of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia. [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2015. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4336
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
17.
Muchemwa, Levy.
Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia.
Degree: 2015, University of Zimbabwe
URL: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4409
► INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is recognised as one the leading causes of severe sepsis among HIV positive patients. Most patients with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia have advanced HIV disease…
(more)
▼ INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is recognised as one the leading causes of severe sepsis among HIV positive patients. Most patients with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia have advanced HIV disease with CD4 counts less than 100cells/ul and many do not present with the classical signs of tuberculosis. Unusual presentation of tuberculosis mycobacteraemia makes the diagnosis of tuberculosis in these patients a challenge.
METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study which was done by analyzing data from 199 HIV positive patients enrolled in two randomized control studies; the Simplified Severe Sepsis Protocol (SSSP) and SSSP-2 and data from 2 patients enrolled independently. Participants were adults who met the inclusion criteria for severe sepsis. Baseline data was collected on demographic and laboratory characteristics including blood cultures for tuberculosis and aerobic organisms.
RESULTS: The prevalence of tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in the study population was 34.8%.The study population was generally underweight but the population with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia had a significantly lower mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) than the population without (20.2[SD: 2.4] vs 21.4 [SD: 3.8] cm; p=0.01).There was a higher proportion of patients with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in patients who were not on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) compared to those on ART (p=0.01). The study population was generally anaemic with mean haemoglobin of 8.0(SD: 3.0) g/dl but the tuberculosis mycobacteraemia group had significantly lower haemoglobin. The population with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia had a significantly lower median CD4 count compared to the population without (44cells/dl vs 56 cells/dl; p=0.01). Aerobes were isolated in 20.4% (41) of the study population. The commonest isolate was Staphylococcus aureus 5% (10). Factors that were independently associated with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia include low MUAC, unknown ART history, low albumin and low sodium.
CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis mycobacteraemia is very common in HIV infected patients with severe sepsis. Low CD4 count, albumin, sodium levels and low MUAC were independently associated with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in patients with severe sepsis. Severe anaemia was not independently associated with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV Infections – Zambia; Tuberculosis – Zambia
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Muchemwa, L. (2015). Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia. (Thesis). University of Zimbabwe. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4409
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Muchemwa, Levy. “Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia.” 2015. Thesis, University of Zimbabwe. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4409.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Muchemwa, Levy. “Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Muchemwa L. Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4409.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Muchemwa L. Associatioin of severe anaemia with tuberculosis mycobacteraemia in HIV positive patients admitted with severe sepsis to the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,Zambia. [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2015. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4409
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
North-West University
18.
Ambali, Chikhulupiriro.
Policies and strategies implemented in Malawi to reduce the impact of HIV and AIDS on labour : the case of gender inequality / Chikhulupiriro Ambali
.
Degree: 2011, North-West University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15836
► A crisis is unfolding because of the deaths among people in the labour force. It is expected that business, government and labour address the problem…
(more)
▼ A crisis is unfolding because of the deaths among people in the labour force. It is
expected that business, government and labour address the problem of HIV and
AIDS. An intervention such as, introduction of policies and strategies would help in
the awareness of the epidemic to the society as a whole. This study looks at the
effect of HIV on gender inequality and its implications in the labour sector. There are
large social and economic gaps between women and men in Malawi, and these
inequalities have played a central role in the spread of HIV; hence it is imperative to
consider women when developing HIV workplace policies, because they seem to be
hit harder with the epidemic than men. Empowering women to refrain from risky
relationships and protecting themselves and asserting their rights would decrease
the high HIV prevalence percentage for women. The study use annual Labour
participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) and annual labour
participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) data obtained from
(www.tradingeconomics.com) and annual Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population
ages 15-49) obtained from World Bank over the period of 1980 to 2009. Prior to
doing the regression analysis, the time series data is tested for stationarity using
correlograms and the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test on each data set. The
results suggest that there is a negative relationship between HIV/AIDS and labour on
both genders for this period and that there is a gap on the effect of AIDS on women
and men in the labour sector. The time series data is found to be 1(2), intergrated of
order 2. The HIV data is regressed onto the labour data, using Ordinary Least
Squares (OLS). Following the regression line is the Engel-Granger method which is
used to test for cointegration. Other tests include diagnostic tests and stability tests
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (disease);
Malawi;
HIV infections
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Ambali, C. (2011). Policies and strategies implemented in Malawi to reduce the impact of HIV and AIDS on labour : the case of gender inequality / Chikhulupiriro Ambali
. (Thesis). North-West University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15836
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ambali, Chikhulupiriro. “Policies and strategies implemented in Malawi to reduce the impact of HIV and AIDS on labour : the case of gender inequality / Chikhulupiriro Ambali
.” 2011. Thesis, North-West University. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15836.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ambali, Chikhulupiriro. “Policies and strategies implemented in Malawi to reduce the impact of HIV and AIDS on labour : the case of gender inequality / Chikhulupiriro Ambali
.” 2011. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ambali C. Policies and strategies implemented in Malawi to reduce the impact of HIV and AIDS on labour : the case of gender inequality / Chikhulupiriro Ambali
. [Internet] [Thesis]. North-West University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15836.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ambali C. Policies and strategies implemented in Malawi to reduce the impact of HIV and AIDS on labour : the case of gender inequality / Chikhulupiriro Ambali
. [Thesis]. North-West University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15836
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
19.
Herringer, Barbara M.
Unruly death : the social organization of AIDS suicide.
Degree: Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, 2017, University of Victoria
URL: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8589
► The decision to contribute my words to the discussion regarding HIV and AIDS emerged from my experience of the illness and subsequent death of my…
(more)
▼ The decision to contribute my words to the discussion regarding
HIV and AIDS emerged from my experience of the illness and subsequent death of my brother Jay, a gay man who killed himself eighteen months after a diagnosis of AIDS. The inquiry begins from my own experience of confusion, fear and eventual loss. Employing Jay's journal of his eighteen month “journey” with AIDS, I illustrate what can be learned about the social organization of AIDS “suicide” through the method of inquiry known as institutional ethnography. I assumed, when I began the analysis that I had found Jay's standpoint, his voice, that his words would show me the real Jay and how he finally made, by himself, his decision to die. Yet I found the narratives of medical, professional and immune and self-help discourses interjecting, defining, categorizing and being reflected in his words and actions.
The analysis (that begins from Jay's journal as entry points) makes visible how a variety of ruling practices, ways of knowing, and authoritative knowledges organized Jay's account of his experience of living with AIDS, as they must have done his life itself and his decision to die. Thus, my central methodological interest has been to illustrate a way of knowing that is not simply a subjective rendering, nor an ideological account available only as discourse, but rather one which offers insight into how various social relations (might have actually) organized the everyday life of a man living/dying with AIDS.
This project is not about who owns truth but rather about how
HIV disease works today; that is, how concepts, institutional practices, and professional discourses intersect with and become part of the daily lives of actual individuals. The analysis displays the “work” involved in choosing to live or choosing to die by those with
HIV disease and the discursive practices that “rule” those choices. The inquiry makes visible from an account of one person who lived with
HIV/AIDS and those caring for him, how the standpoint of the everyday differs from the standpoint of professional action. While it is individual people with AIDS who will decide whether to take their own lives, depending on the circumstances in which they find themselves, I have attempted through this inquiry, to articulate how these decisions are fully social. As my research progressed, I discovered how my brother's death by his own act was turned from a heart-breaking attempt to take charge of his life—an unruly act-into conformity with official rules. I have shown what it means to say that his death, as well as his life with AIDS, was discursively organized and ruled.
Advisors/Committee Members: Campbell, Marie L. (supervisor).
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections; AIDS (Disease); Suicide
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Herringer, B. M. (2017). Unruly death : the social organization of AIDS suicide. (Thesis). University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8589
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Herringer, Barbara M. “Unruly death : the social organization of AIDS suicide.” 2017. Thesis, University of Victoria. Accessed January 17, 2021.
https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8589.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Herringer, Barbara M. “Unruly death : the social organization of AIDS suicide.” 2017. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Herringer BM. Unruly death : the social organization of AIDS suicide. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8589.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Herringer BM. Unruly death : the social organization of AIDS suicide. [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2017. Available from: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8589
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
20.
Stanley, Alan Michael.
The utility of CSF PCR in central nervous system Varicella zoster infection in HIV.
Degree: Image, Division of Urology, 2015, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16778
► Aims: To assess the clinical and cerebrospinal fluid characteristics, and the role of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) as a confounder, in a cohort of HIV positive…
(more)
▼ Aims: To assess the clinical and cerebrospinal fluid characteristics, and the role of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) as a confounder, in a cohort of
HIV positive individuals with positive varicella zoster virus (VZV) positive cerebrospinal fluid PCR. Methods: Patients in the NHLS database at Groote Schuur Hospital with positive CSF VZV PCR who were also
HIV co-infected and whose folders were available for clinical review were reviewed. Clinical and biochemical data were collected. Patients were divided into two groups based an accepted case definition for TBM. Differences between groups were assessed using Mann-Whitney U or Chi squared tests as appropriate. Results: There were 437 for VZV PCR over three years. Of these 98 were positive and, after exclusions, 31
HIV positive patients were included for further analysis. Median age was 31 and median CD4 count was 146 cells/mm³. 11 (35%) had meningitis and 8 (25%) had encephalitis. 13 (42%) met the case definition for TBM. Patients with CNS varicella were frequently confused whereas those with TBM presented sub-acutely. There were no differences in CSF characteristics. Additional organisms were detected 6 (19%) patients. 4 (13%) patients died in hospital. CSF TB culture was requested in 24 (77%) patients and extra CNS samples were sent in only 4 patients. Conclusion: The clinical and CSF presentation of CNS Varicella and TBM overlap and in this cohort patients were under investigated for TB. In settings of high TB prevalence the possibility of false positive PCR or incidental varicella reactivation should be considered.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bryer, Alan (advisor), Bateman, Kathleen (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neurology; HIV Infections; Meningitis; Tuberculosis
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APA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Stanley, A. M. (2015). The utility of CSF PCR in central nervous system Varicella zoster infection in HIV. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16778
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Stanley, Alan Michael. “The utility of CSF PCR in central nervous system Varicella zoster infection in HIV.” 2015. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16778.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Stanley, Alan Michael. “The utility of CSF PCR in central nervous system Varicella zoster infection in HIV.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Stanley AM. The utility of CSF PCR in central nervous system Varicella zoster infection in HIV. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16778.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Stanley AM. The utility of CSF PCR in central nervous system Varicella zoster infection in HIV. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16778
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
21.
Rose, Penelope Cathryn.
Tuberculosis treatment delay in adults and household transmission to children: a community-based study in a setting with high burden of tuberculosis and HIV.
Degree: Image, Public Health and Family Medicine, 2015, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16726
► Background: Tuberculosis (TB) control depends on interrupting transmission through rapid diagnosis and treatment initiation of infectious TB cases. With increasing delay in the diagnosis and…
(more)
▼ Background: Tuberculosis (TB) control depends on interrupting transmission through rapid diagnosis and treatment initiation of infectious TB cases. With increasing delay in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary TB, disease is likely to progress, leading to progressive lung cavitation and increased sputum bacillary load, likely increasing TB transmission. This study investigated the effect of treatment delay in adult TB patients on the risk of TB infection and disease in child household contacts. Methodology: Secondary analysis was performed using data from a community-based household contact investigation study. Cross-sectional analysis was conducted of baseline data collected at enrolment. Children aged three months to fifteen years with documented household exposure to an adult with TB were enrolled between December 2007 and June 2012. These children were screened for TB infection (Mantoux tuberculin skin test [TST] and two interferon-gamma release assays [IGRA]) and disease. Total treatment delay was measured in adult TB source cases as the time from cough onset until treatment initiation, with those reporting no cough serving as the reference category. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the effect of total treatment delay in adults on the risk of TB infection in child household contacts, with TB disease evaluated as a secondary endpoint. Results In total 671 children were enrolled as household contacts of 290 adult TB source cases. In multivariate analysis, the odds of TST positivity increased with cough duration ≥4 weeks prior to TB treatment initiation (odds ratio (OR) = 1.77 [95% CI 1.02-3.09] for cough <4 weeks; OR = 2.74 [95% confidence interval ( CI ) = 1.39-5.40] for cough 4-12 weeks; OR = 2.39 [95% CI = 1.19-4.82] for cough >12 weeks, compared to non-coughing adult TB patients), child's age ≥5 years (OR = 4.51, [95% CI = 2.60-7.83]), sharing the same bedroom (OR = 2.17, [95% CI = 1.43-3.31]), more than one household TB contact (OR = 2.70, [95% CI = 1.35- 2 5.42]) and with household tobacco smoke exposure (OR = 2.10, [95% CI = 1.22-3.61]). Adult TB source case
HIV status did not modify the association between cough duration and risk of infection in children. Results of analyses of TB infection indicated by IGRA positivity were consistent with TST results. Prevalent TB disease in child contacts was associated with source case sputum smear and culture positivity, additional household TB contacts and decreasing age of the child. Conclusions: Delays of longer than four weeks from cough onset until TB treatment initiation were associated with increased risk of TB infection in child household contacts. These findings confirm the importance of reducing delays in TB diagnosis and treatment in adults to reduce transmission, ideally to less than four weeks. Although
HIV co -infected TB patients are often considered less infectious, delayed treatment initiation remained associated with TB transmission, even amongst
HIV co-infected adults with TB. In addition to the traditional risk factors…
Advisors/Committee Members: Hesseling, Anneke (advisor), Myer, Landon (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Epidemiology; HIV Infections; Tuberculosis
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APA (6th Edition):
Rose, P. C. (2015). Tuberculosis treatment delay in adults and household transmission to children: a community-based study in a setting with high burden of tuberculosis and HIV. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16726
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rose, Penelope Cathryn. “Tuberculosis treatment delay in adults and household transmission to children: a community-based study in a setting with high burden of tuberculosis and HIV.” 2015. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16726.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rose, Penelope Cathryn. “Tuberculosis treatment delay in adults and household transmission to children: a community-based study in a setting with high burden of tuberculosis and HIV.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Rose PC. Tuberculosis treatment delay in adults and household transmission to children: a community-based study in a setting with high burden of tuberculosis and HIV. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16726.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Rose PC. Tuberculosis treatment delay in adults and household transmission to children: a community-based study in a setting with high burden of tuberculosis and HIV. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16726
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
22.
Reed, Robert Anthony.
An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape.
Degree: Image, Public Health and Family Medicine, 2015, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16864
► Objective: To establish whether there is an association between HIV exposure and infectious disease mortality in children admitted to hospital in the Western Cape. Also…
(more)
▼ Objective: To establish whether there is an association between
HIV exposure and infectious disease mortality in children admitted to hospital in the Western Cape. Also to identify additional risk factors associated with mortality and the prevalence of
HIV exposure. Methods: A case-control design was used to compare the
HIV exposure status of 93 cases admitted with an infectious disease who died with 93 controls admitted with an infectious disease who did not die. Clinical and demographic data were collected via record review at three hospitals in the Western Cape . Factors associated with mortality were identified through regression analysis. Findings: 38.71% (36/93) of cases were
HIV exposed versus 22.58% (21/93) of controls (p=0.017). 32.36% (30/93) of cases were
HIV exposed uninfected (HEU) versus 18.28% (17/93) of controls (p=0.06). Being HEU was a risk factor for mortality after adjusting for age, sex, feeding practice, and main infection. The odds of death in HEU children was 2.29 times greater than in HUU (aOR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.06-5.0). Age, sex, and feeding practice confounded the association between
HIV exposure-infection and mortality. LRTI, septicaemia, and meningitis were all significantly associated with mortality at the 5% level. Children admitted with septicaemia demonstrated a 13.44 times increased odds of death (aOR: 13.44, 95% CI: 3.35-53.99). Conclusion: Children born to
HIV positive mothers should be considered a vulnerable group even if vertical transmission has been prevented. Determination of exposure status could be a valuable tool for identifying children at increased risk of death. Septicaemia and meningitis also present a challenge in critical care in our sample.
Advisors/Committee Members: Coetzee, David (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Public Health; HIV Infections; Children
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APA (6th Edition):
Reed, R. A. (2015). An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16864
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Reed, Robert Anthony. “An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape.” 2015. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16864.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Reed, Robert Anthony. “An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Reed RA. An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16864.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Reed RA. An investigation into the role of HIV exposure status in infectious disease mortality in children in Western Cape. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16864
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Columbia University
23.
Philip, Neena M.
Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services.
Degree: 2020, Columbia University
URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-c1zk-0j52
► Background: HIV transmission is greatly reduced when antiretroviral treatment (ART) suppresses an infected person’s HIV viral load. It is unclear, however, whether the contextual risk…
(more)
▼ Background:
HIV transmission is greatly reduced when antiretroviral treatment (ART) suppresses an infected person’s HIV viral load. It is unclear, however, whether the contextual risk of incident HIV is optimally reduced by widespread individual-level suppression of HIV viral load alone or in combination with other HIV prevention services. HIV service coverage and community norms can influence risk in small area geographies; and contextual factors, like gender inequality and stigma, may foster environments conducive to HIV transmission. Yet, the relationship between places with high HIV levels and the clustering of area risk factors is unknown.
The goal of this dissertation is to learn if and how a geographically focused combination implementation strategy could reduce population-level HIV risk. Analyses explored whether small area risk profiles explain area differences in HIV. The guiding hypothesis is that in high HIV prevalence settings, low HIV service uptake in a geographically defined area increases the prevalence of high HIV viremia, leading to greater HIV transmission and incident HIV.
Methods:
A systematic review was conducted to examine the association between population-level measures of HIV viral load and incident HIV infection in generalized and concentrated epidemics. Publications were English, peer-reviewed articles published from January 1, 1995 through February 15, 2019 that explicitly defined HIV viral load and assessed outcomes of HIV recency, incidence, seroconversion, or new diagnosis. Studies sampled general or key populations through population-based surveillance registries, household-based enumeration, cluster sampling, or respondent driven sampling. Descriptive statistics summarized review findings.
The Swaziland HIV Incidence Measurement Survey (SHIMS) data were used for the remaining analyses. Using a two-stage cluster-based design, a nationally representative, household-based sample of adults, ages 18-49 years was enrolled from December 2010 to June 2011 in Eswatini. Consenting adults completed an interview and received home-based rapid HIV testing and counseling. All seropositive samples were tested for HIV viral load using the COBAS AmpliPrep/Taqman HIV-1 Test, v 2.0. Adults testing HIV-seronegative were enrolled in a prospective cohort for the direct observation of HIV seroconversion, completing an interview and home-based rapid HIV testing six months later.
Multi-level latent class modeling was performed to identify statistically significant combinations of HIV risk factors and to classify the combinations into small area risk profiles. In the cross-sectional sample, linear regression with robust standard errors assessed the correlation between area profiles and places with high levels of uncontrolled HIV infection, or HIV core areas, measured by the area prevalence of detectable virus (≥20 copies/milliliter) among HIV-positive adults and among all adults, regardless of HIV status. In the prospective cohort, generalized linear regression…
Subjects/Keywords: Epidemiology; HIV infections – Treatment; HIV infections – Epidemiology; Antiretroviral agents; HIV infections – Transmission; HIV infections – Risk factors
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Philip, N. M. (2020). Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-c1zk-0j52
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Philip, Neena M. “Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed January 17, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-c1zk-0j52.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Philip, Neena M. “Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services.” 2020. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Philip NM. Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-c1zk-0j52.
Council of Science Editors:
Philip NM. Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-c1zk-0j52
24.
Muyanza, Lentisha.
Difficulties of Disclosure of HIV Status to Sexual Partners among Expectant Women in Selected Clinics in Lusaka Urban.
Degree: 2011, University of Zimbabwe
URL: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/791
► HIV disclosure and nondisclosure may have positive and negative impact on HIV positive clients and their sexual partners, family, and friends but very little was…
(more)
▼ HIV disclosure and nondisclosure may have positive and negative impact on HIV positive clients and their sexual partners, family, and friends but very little was known in Zambia on the types of disclosure and its determinants. This study sought to answer two research questions; what risks or rewards do expectant mothers anticipate when considering disclosing their HIV status to their male partners? And why do they choose a particular pattern of disclosure?
Research design: A cross sectional explorative descriptive and mixed study was employed driven by the deductive and abductive strategies based on the philosophy of realism and interpretivism. The study was done in four clinics in Lusaka urban. A simple random sampling (lottery) method was used to select the four clinics and a disproportionate sample of 260 women was primarily sampled. A survey questionnaire and 22 one-to-one in-depth interviews were the main source of the data. Qualitative data was coded and analysed using content analysis and quantitative data was analysed using SPSS software version 14.The findings showed that decision making to disclose is a selective process and it consists of several steps, including adjusting to the diagnosis, to disclose or not to disclose, when and to whom. It was evident that just after counseling, the participants were willing to disclose mostly to their partners irrespective of what risks there were. Disclosure is more unlikely to take place within distant, casual, uncommitted, and short-term sexual relationships but with husbands or within close family and/or friends in nonsexual relationships. Disclosures were done on the first day after being diagnosed with HIV infection. This study supports past research that has argued that women’s concern about stigma, rejection and violence related to disclosing their HIV-seropositive status are unwarranted. However, negative reactions to disclosure were common, including betrayed confidence and abandonment but we did not find it to be significant in this study.It is recommended that nurses and other primary health care workers need to be open and supportive in caring for the HIV+ client, discussing the advantages of disclosing one’s HIV status to sex partners, but, at the same time, respecting the rights of clients to make their own decision about disclosure. Nurse midwives will need to have greater knowledge of what factors and situations tend to influence disclosing and not disclosing one’s HIV+ status, especially to sexual partners. There is need to develop intervention strategies that could include support and open discussions with HIV+ clients, even role-playing disclosure conversations-assuming that clients are interested in disclosing. As for HIV research, various types of social relationships associated with HIV disclosure are under-explored and future research may have to explore this. Researchers need to continue to actively pursue clues as to what facilitates HIV disclosure to sex partners, because disclosure has the potential to improve well-being, provide informed…
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections; HIV/AIDS in pregnance
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Muyanza, L. (2011). Difficulties of Disclosure of HIV Status to Sexual Partners among Expectant Women in Selected Clinics in Lusaka Urban. (Thesis). University of Zimbabwe. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/791
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Muyanza, Lentisha. “Difficulties of Disclosure of HIV Status to Sexual Partners among Expectant Women in Selected Clinics in Lusaka Urban.” 2011. Thesis, University of Zimbabwe. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/791.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Muyanza, Lentisha. “Difficulties of Disclosure of HIV Status to Sexual Partners among Expectant Women in Selected Clinics in Lusaka Urban.” 2011. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Muyanza L. Difficulties of Disclosure of HIV Status to Sexual Partners among Expectant Women in Selected Clinics in Lusaka Urban. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/791.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Muyanza L. Difficulties of Disclosure of HIV Status to Sexual Partners among Expectant Women in Selected Clinics in Lusaka Urban. [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2011. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/791
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of KwaZulu-Natal
25.
Jackson, Laurelle.
Increase in live infected cell number with drug and generation of a quasispecies are consequences of multiply HIV infected cells.
Degree: 2018, University of KwaZulu-Natal
URL: https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/18360
► HIV may form reservoirs in anatomical compartments and evolve a quasispecies in order to survive under selective pressures such as antiretroviral drugs. Lymph nodes and…
(more)
▼ HIV may form reservoirs in anatomical compartments and evolve a quasispecies in order to
survive under selective pressures such as antiretroviral drugs. Lymph nodes and lymphoid tissue
- critical sites for reservoir formation - are environments conducive to cell-to-cell spread, an
efficient mode of
HIV transmission. Cell-to-cell spread can lead to multiple
infections per cell
which in turn profoundly changes how the virus responds to selective pressure.
In this thesis, my goal was to understand the consequences of multiple
infections per cell on how
the infection responds to and evolves in the face of inhibitors. The specific aims were to: (1) model
and experimentally examine the effect of attenuating cell-to-cell spread by using antiretrovirals
(ARVs) on infected cell viability; (2) test whether a stable quasispecies can be formed and
maintained by complementation– a process where virions derived from different
HIV genotypes
infecting the same cell share components; (3) test the feasibility of new single-cell RNA-Seq
methodology that can be applied to quantify the frequency of multiply infected cells in vivo.
These studies showed that: (1) partially attenuating infection involving multiple virions per cell with
drug resulted in an increase in the number of live infected cells in both cell line and lymph nodes
at suboptimal drug strengths. The increase in live infected cells was a result of fewer
HIV DNA
copies per cell, relative to no drug; (2) under the selective pressure of efavirenz (EFV), when
drug-resistant and drug sensitive
HIV co-infect the same cell during drug resistant evolution,
complementation takes place, driving the formation and maintenance of a quasispecies; (3) Novel
single-cell RNA-Seq approaches are feasible to quantify the number of cells that are multiply
infected in vivo. Inhibiting mechanisms such as cell-to-cell spread may therefore reduce infection
in the face of ARVs and limit viral diversity and hence the ability of
HIV to evolve resistance.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sigal, Alexander. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Cell infections.; Drug resistance.; HIV.; HIV - Drug resistance.; HIV genome - Replication.; Antiretroviral drugs.; HIV infections.
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Jackson, L. (2018). Increase in live infected cell number with drug and generation of a quasispecies are consequences of multiply HIV infected cells. (Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/18360
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jackson, Laurelle. “Increase in live infected cell number with drug and generation of a quasispecies are consequences of multiply HIV infected cells.” 2018. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed January 17, 2021.
https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/18360.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jackson, Laurelle. “Increase in live infected cell number with drug and generation of a quasispecies are consequences of multiply HIV infected cells.” 2018. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Jackson L. Increase in live infected cell number with drug and generation of a quasispecies are consequences of multiply HIV infected cells. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/18360.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Jackson L. Increase in live infected cell number with drug and generation of a quasispecies are consequences of multiply HIV infected cells. [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2018. Available from: https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/18360
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
26.
Kamat, Rujvi.
Apathy in Persons with HIV Infection.
Degree: Clinical psychology, 2014, University of California – San Diego
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4fv12903
► Apathy is a cluster of symptoms that include a reduction in self-initiated, goal-directed behavior, and a lack of motoric, emotional, and cognitive motivation. It has…
(more)
▼ Apathy is a cluster of symptoms that include a reduction in self-initiated, goal-directed behavior, and a lack of motoric, emotional, and cognitive motivation. It has been recognized as a clinical manifestation of HIV infection, but has received limited empirical attention. Previous studies of other neurologic groups indicate that apathy is associated with poor treatment response, deficits in everyday functioning, lower quality of life, and worse global cognitive functioning. HIV-associated brain pathology involves frontostriatal circuits, which are also implicated in the expression of apathy. Three studies were conducted to examine the neural, psychiatric (e.g., depression), and functional correlates of apathy in HIV infection. In all three studies, self-reported ratings of apathy were obtained using the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe). In the first investigation, relative to seronegative comparison subjects, HIV+ persons reported higher levels of apathy. Independent of major depressive disorder and other disease covariates, apathy ratings were found to be significantly associated with increased cognitive complaints and dependence in activities of daily living. Next, in a separate cohort, MRI Diffusion Tensor Imaging was used to examine the correspondence between these ratings and white matter abnormalities in the cortical nodes of the thalamocorticostriatal loop that reportedly subserves apathy. Results indicated that apathy severity was related to changes in neural integrity in frontomedial regions (i.e., anterior corona radiata, genu of corpus callosum, and orbitomedial prefrontal cortex). The strength of this relationship was associated with lower CD4 count, raising the possibility that dynamic changes in immune functioning may modify CNS pathology and consequent psychiatric outcomes. Finally, we examined whether depression, a comorbid psychiatric condition that is distinct from apathy, is related to change in apathy ratings across two visits in a cohort of 258 HIV+ participants. An inter-visit major depressive episode was associated with an increase in apathy ratings only in those participants who were not apathetic at their first visit. Regardless of initial apathy status, a new episode of major depression resulted in a higher risk of developing or maintaining clinically elevated apathy. These findings highlight the necessity to assess both depression and apathy, as they may interact to exacerbate psychiatric burden in HIV-infected cohorts. The findings of these three studies provide a greater understanding of the etiology of apathy and factors contributing to its expression in HIV+ individuals. Such information may help to identify patients at particular risk for functional impairments and potentially inform psychopharmacologic, behavioral, and HIV-treatment specific interventions that may mitigate apathy. This would be expected to help persons with HIV infection maintain better levels of functioning in their daily lives
Subjects/Keywords: Apathy; HIV infections
Complications; Apathy; HIV Infections
complications
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APA (6th Edition):
Kamat, R. (2014). Apathy in Persons with HIV Infection. (Thesis). University of California – San Diego. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4fv12903
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kamat, Rujvi. “Apathy in Persons with HIV Infection.” 2014. Thesis, University of California – San Diego. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4fv12903.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kamat, Rujvi. “Apathy in Persons with HIV Infection.” 2014. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kamat R. Apathy in Persons with HIV Infection. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4fv12903.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kamat R. Apathy in Persons with HIV Infection. [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2014. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4fv12903
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
27.
Jusayo, Nomonde.
Factors affecting the utilisation of a workplace voluntary counselling and testing programme in the Eastern Cape.
Degree: Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, 2013, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010273
► The world has entered the third decade of the HIV and AIDS epidemic under different times in which the epidemic is treatable. The International Labour…
(more)
▼ The world has entered the third decade of the HIV and AIDS epidemic under different times in which the epidemic is treatable. The International Labour Organisation (ILO) (2005) declares HIV and AIDS a developmental crisis destroying developmental gains over generations. Since HIV and AIDS affect the most productive segment of the labour force, it is therefore not only a threat to development but also to the world of work without which development will be sacrificed (ILO, 2001). Collaborative response efforts that seek to mitigate the HIV pandemic by government, business and higher education institutions have been fraught with challenges. The main challenge that beset these efforts is that, in the absence of an HIV vaccine, voluntary counselling and testing remains the gateway to access treatment and care. Regrettably, participation in VCT has been confronted by challenges of low utilisation. This precedes the objectives of this study, which were to explore and describe factors that serve as barriers and facilitators of workplace VCT programmes with the objective to improve participation in these programmes. The current study was a product of a qualitative and exploratory-descriptive research design. A nonprobability convenience sampling method was used to sample participants for this study. The targeted population in this study were the non-academic employees of an academic institution in the Eastern Cape. Data was collected by means of focus group discussions and by using semi-structured interviews. The focus group samples comprised of an equal number of men and women with an overall participation of fifty-six participants. Data obtained was transcribed, thematically analysed and coded using Henning, Van Rensburg, and Smit's (2004) qualitative analysis and interpretation method. Findings of this research revealed that factors that facilitate and inhibit voluntary counselling and testing are psychosocial and cultural by nature. At psychosocial level, participants reported factors that facilitate voluntary counselling and testing to include psychological readiness to go for HIV testing, reassurances of confidentiality of HIV test results and normalising HIV testing (making the process more like that for screening and diagnostic testing). Cultural factors included cultural practices and beliefs such as "intonjane" and traditional circumcision - positive cultural nurturers that could facilitate VCT participation. Results of this study showed a lack of basic knowledge about VCT and fear of knowing one's status, fear of breach of confidentiality, fear of being stigmatised and a lack of trust towards health professional as the major psychosocial factors that serve as barriers to VCT participation. The cultural barriers to VCT pointed to hegemonic masculinity as a socially constructed gender identity that encourages gender inequalities and undermines efforts to improve HIV testing. The study suggested that strategies to increase VCT participation should consider leadership support of VCT programmes, incentivisation of VCT…
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections – South Africa – Prevention; HIV infections – Treatment; Employee health promotion
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APA (6th Edition):
Jusayo, N. (2013). Factors affecting the utilisation of a workplace voluntary counselling and testing programme in the Eastern Cape. (Thesis). Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010273
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jusayo, Nomonde. “Factors affecting the utilisation of a workplace voluntary counselling and testing programme in the Eastern Cape.” 2013. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010273.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jusayo, Nomonde. “Factors affecting the utilisation of a workplace voluntary counselling and testing programme in the Eastern Cape.” 2013. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Jusayo N. Factors affecting the utilisation of a workplace voluntary counselling and testing programme in the Eastern Cape. [Internet] [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010273.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Jusayo N. Factors affecting the utilisation of a workplace voluntary counselling and testing programme in the Eastern Cape. [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010273
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
28.
Chirwa, Uchizi.
Factors Affecting Antiretroviral Drug Adherence among HIV Adult Patients attending HIV Clinin at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka.
Degree: 2016, University of Zimbabwe
URL: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4671
► 1.0 Abstract Introduction The effectiveness of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) relies on a strict adherence to it. To achieve optimum therapeutic levels and reduce drug resistance…
(more)
▼ 1.0 Abstract
Introduction
The effectiveness of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) relies on a strict adherence to it. To
achieve optimum therapeutic levels and reduce drug resistance requires levels ≥95%
adherence. As such, identifying factors to adherence is essential. We sought to determine
factors associated with ART adherence within the context of patient demographics and
factors, andfactors and to explore care treatment and support strategies used by patients and
health workers.
Method
A Mixed Method Sequential Explanatory Design (MMSED)was employed to study adult
patients receiving ART from the Adult Centreof Excellence (ACOE), UTH, Lusaka.
Adherence was measured by missed clinic appointments and pharmacy collections over the
last six months. The quantitative method involved assessing 715 complete medical and
pharmacy records.We developed a logistic model for both bivariate and multivariate logistic
regression analysis.Qualitative research involved participants’ self-reports of missed doses in
the past four days. Research questions were drawn up from the quantitative findings and indepth
interviews were conducted with 2 key informants and 5 participants. Thematic analysis
was used.
Results
The mean age in years was 38 (±10.5). Results showed 79.4 % of the patients were adherent
to clinical appointments while 46.3 % were adherent to pharmacy refills. Multivariate
analysis showed lower adherence amongst the widowed on clinical appointments (OR = 0.3;
95% CI: 0.1–0.9). The stepwise regression analysis revealed significant factors for adherence
on clinical appointment and pharmacy refills for widowed, co-habiting and no education, (p =
0.008, p = 0.044, and p = 0.018), respectively. About 80 % of patients interviewed were
adherent to ART.
Conclusion
The results show moderate ART adherence (80%). However, in view of the identified factors
affecting adherence, concerted and collaborative efforts through effective counselling and
social support are needed to improve the adherence levels to at least ≥95%.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease) – Treatment. – Zambia; HIV Infections – psychology.; HIV Infections – drug therapy.
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APA (6th Edition):
Chirwa, U. (2016). Factors Affecting Antiretroviral Drug Adherence among HIV Adult Patients attending HIV Clinin at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka. (Thesis). University of Zimbabwe. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4671
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chirwa, Uchizi. “Factors Affecting Antiretroviral Drug Adherence among HIV Adult Patients attending HIV Clinin at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka.” 2016. Thesis, University of Zimbabwe. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4671.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chirwa, Uchizi. “Factors Affecting Antiretroviral Drug Adherence among HIV Adult Patients attending HIV Clinin at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka.” 2016. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Chirwa U. Factors Affecting Antiretroviral Drug Adherence among HIV Adult Patients attending HIV Clinin at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4671.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Chirwa U. Factors Affecting Antiretroviral Drug Adherence among HIV Adult Patients attending HIV Clinin at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka. [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2016. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4671
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
29.
Kalembela, Valerie M.
Adherence to antiretroviral medications and quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS in Chikankata,Livingstone and Mwinilunga districts in Zambia.
Degree: 2013, University of Zimbabwe
URL: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/6214
► Quality of life (QoL) is a significant element in the assessment of the well-being of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA), in particular with…
(more)
▼ Quality of life (QoL) is a significant element in the assessment of the well-being of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA), in particular with the major rise in longevity of PLWHA. Moreover, no studies have been done in Zambia on ART adherence and quality of life in PLWHA in with the World Health Organisation Quality of Life Likert Scale (WHOQoL-Likert) instrument.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between adherence to antiretroviral medications and quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS in urban and rural Zambia.The study was cross-sectional and descriptive. It was conducted in October 2012 from four sites, namely, Lusaka, Livingstone, Chikankata and Mwinilunga districts ART clinics respectively. It involved two hundred (200) simple randomly selected HIV-positive clients, fifty (50) from each site, who were on HAART for one to five years and consented to participate in the study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic and clinical characteristic data, quality of life and ART adherence. QoL was assessed with WHO QoL-Likert scale.The findings in this study did not show a direct relationship between QoL and ART adherence in that some respondents with poor QoL had good adherence at the same time some with good QoL had poor adherence. The findings in the data ended up not testing the hypothesis.In conclusion, the study has failed to find enough statistical evidence to support the research hypothesis which states that as adherence to ART medications among people living with HIV and AIDS increases QoL of life will also improve. This means that statistically there is no relationship between adherence to ART medications and QoL in people living with HIV and AIDS.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections; HIV Infections – drug therapy; Patient compliance
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Kalembela, V. M. (2013). Adherence to antiretroviral medications and quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS in Chikankata,Livingstone and Mwinilunga districts in Zambia. (Thesis). University of Zimbabwe. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/6214
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kalembela, Valerie M. “Adherence to antiretroviral medications and quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS in Chikankata,Livingstone and Mwinilunga districts in Zambia.” 2013. Thesis, University of Zimbabwe. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/6214.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kalembela, Valerie M. “Adherence to antiretroviral medications and quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS in Chikankata,Livingstone and Mwinilunga districts in Zambia.” 2013. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kalembela VM. Adherence to antiretroviral medications and quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS in Chikankata,Livingstone and Mwinilunga districts in Zambia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/6214.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kalembela VM. Adherence to antiretroviral medications and quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS in Chikankata,Livingstone and Mwinilunga districts in Zambia. [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2013. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/6214
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Durban University of Technology
30.
Chonco, Siziwe Teressa.
Factors influencing delayed HIV testing : a client perspective.
Degree: 2016, Durban University of Technology
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2491
► Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree in Master of Health Sciences (Nursing), Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2016.
Background South…
(more)
▼ Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree in Master of Health Sciences (Nursing), Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2016.
Background
South Africa, especially KwaZulu-Natal remains heavily burdened with HIV and AIDS. Timely HIV testing is the cornerstone to HIV prevention in terms of early diagnosis and access to treatment, care and support services. Factors that influence delayed HIV testing must be investigated and reported to inform plans that are directed at improving implementation of HIV testing services and access to care, treatment and support services for people living with HIV.
Purpose of the study
This study was aimed at identifying factors that lead to delayed HIV testing in a sample of people attending a Primary Health Care clinic in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Methodology
A descriptive qualitative design was used in this study. The population in this study was HIV positive patients who had recently tested for HIV and received their first CD4 count result of 350 mm3 or less. Purposive sampling, which is a type of non-probability sampling, was used to select the study participants from the population. Semi structured interviews using an interview schedule were used to collect data. Data was collected until data saturation was reached.
Results
The data was analysed by means of content analysis and raw data was coded and sorted into sub categories and categories. The underlying meaning of categories was formulated into one overarching theme: Testing for HIV is daunting and embedded with issues of stigma, denial and a fear of knowing one’s positive status.
Conclusion
To encourage early HIV testing before HIV positive people become noticeably ill requires efforts directed at change of attitude and improvement of support for HIV positive people in families, communities and health service institutions. Community forums to be actively involved in eliminating the stigma and discrimination associated with HIV positive people by creating awareness of these matters and encouraging community and family support for people with HIV.
M
Advisors/Committee Members: Orton, Penelope Margaret, Razak, Ayisha.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections – Diagnosis; HIV-positive persons – South Africa – KwaZulu-Natal; HIV infections – Treatment
Record Details
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Record Details
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Chonco, S. T. (2016). Factors influencing delayed HIV testing : a client perspective. (Thesis). Durban University of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2491
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chonco, Siziwe Teressa. “Factors influencing delayed HIV testing : a client perspective.” 2016. Thesis, Durban University of Technology. Accessed January 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2491.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chonco, Siziwe Teressa. “Factors influencing delayed HIV testing : a client perspective.” 2016. Web. 17 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Chonco ST. Factors influencing delayed HIV testing : a client perspective. [Internet] [Thesis]. Durban University of Technology; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2491.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Chonco ST. Factors influencing delayed HIV testing : a client perspective. [Thesis]. Durban University of Technology; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2491
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations
