subject:(Fysik)

University of Lund

1. Stråhlman, Christian. Time-of-Flight Ion and Electron Spectroscopy: Applications and Challenges at Storage Ring Light Sources.

Degree: 2016, University of Lund

URL: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8866027 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/5912855/8866032.pdf

► This dissertation contains seven studies exploring novel instrumentation for ion and electron spectroscopy, including their applicability at storage ring light sources. The studies focus on… (more)

▼ This dissertation contains seven studies exploring novel instrumentation for ion and electron spectroscopy, including their applicability at storage ring light sources. The studies focus on instrumentation to study decay, dynamics and dissociation of photoexcited molecules, and the possibility to host such instruments at MAX~IV. Commissioning of an instrument for negative-ion/positive-ion coincidence spectroscopy is reported and its design considerations are discussed. The instrument allows detection of coincidences between mass-resolved negative and (multiple) positive ions, which is demonstrated in a study on the water molecule. Coincidence yields were measured following soft x-ray excitation below and above the O 1s ionization threshold of H2O. Analysis of such yields enhances the present understanding of the dissociation process of the water molecule and allows, for example, designation of previously unchartered doubly excited states and their decay channels. A second study of energy-resolved Auger electrons and mass-resolved positive ions in coincidence provides new data on the non-radiative decay of core-excited and – ionized water molecules. A study using a novel instrument for mass-resolved analysis of highly excited neutral molecular fragments is reported. Such "high Rydberg" states are associated with electron recapture above the ionization threshold. They can also be reached following resonant Auger decay from core – excited states below threshold. The instrument is utilized in a study on the methane molecule. The advent of high-resolution, high-transmission time-of-flight electron spectrometers sets new opportunities for spectroscopy at MAX IV, provided that the timing constraints of such instruments can be met. This dissertation proposes, based on initial experimental studies and theoretical considerations, that an ultra-high resolution electron coincidence experimental station could be constructed at MAX IV. This proposed station combines strengths of hemispherical analysers and time-of-flight instruments. The unique time-structure of the MAX IV storage rings with 10~ns light pulse separation allows for better performance than at other laboratories. Recent developments in chopper technology and so called pseudo single bunch techniques could open up possibilities to run timing-based instrumentation and experiments with high intensity demands in parallel. This dissertation reviews possible adaptations to MAX IV accelerators and beamlines to allow for future inclusion of timing-based spectroscopic instruments.

Subjects/Keywords: Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stråhlman, C. (2016). Time-of-Flight Ion and Electron Spectroscopy: Applications and Challenges at Storage Ring Light Sources. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Lund. Retrieved from http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8866027 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/5912855/8866032.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stråhlman, Christian. “Time-of-Flight Ion and Electron Spectroscopy: Applications and Challenges at Storage Ring Light Sources.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Lund. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8866027 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/5912855/8866032.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stråhlman, Christian. “Time-of-Flight Ion and Electron Spectroscopy: Applications and Challenges at Storage Ring Light Sources.” 2016. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Stråhlman C. Time-of-Flight Ion and Electron Spectroscopy: Applications and Challenges at Storage Ring Light Sources. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Lund; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8866027 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/5912855/8866032.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Stråhlman C. Time-of-Flight Ion and Electron Spectroscopy: Applications and Challenges at Storage Ring Light Sources. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Lund; 2016. Available from: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8866027 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/5912855/8866032.pdf

University of Helsinki

2. Backman, Marie. Effects of nuclear and electronic stopping power on ion irradiation of silicon-based compounds.

Degree: Department of Physics, Division of Materials Physics, 2012, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/37606

► Ion irradiation is used to analyze and modify the structure of condensed matter. It can for instance be used to form and shape nanocrystals in… (more)

▼ Ion irradiation is used to analyze and modify the structure of condensed matter. It can for instance be used to form and shape nanocrystals in solids. In research on materials for high radiation environments, ion beams function as a controlled source of irradiation for studying the basic mechanisms of ion-solid interactions and for analyzing the structure of materials by methods like Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. Understanding the fundamental processes that take place in a material under ion irradiation is important for all these applications of ion beams, and of great interest from a basic science point of view. The mechanisms involved during ion irradiation-induced displacement of atoms in uniform bulk solids are fairly well understood and described in the literature, but many unresolved questions remain regarding the structural modification caused by electronic interactions, and the radiation response of materials with phase boundaries. Especially ion irradiation of nanomaterials is a topic that is under active research. The short-lived collision cascades caused by energetic ions in solids cannot be studied in experiments and are therefore often modeled in computer simulations. Such simulations can give a host of valuable information about processes that occur in nature. It is necessary to validate simulation results by either some other computational method, or ideally by experiments. Ions lose energy by elastic collisions with the atomic nuclei as well as to the electronic system through excitation and ionization. Both energy loss mechanisms - nuclear and electronic stopping - can cause modifications to the structure of the material. In this thesis, molecular dynamics simulations are carried out in close collaboration with experimental scientists in order to study the effects of nuclear and electronic stopping during ion irradiation on nanoclusters and bulk materials. The amorphization of germanium and silicon nanocrystals in silica under ion irradiation is studied in simulations. The amorphization dose of nanocrystals is much lower than for bulk materials and it is furthermore found to depend on the size of the nanocrystals. The inelastic thermal spike model is explored as a method of incorporating electronic stopping effects into molecular dynamics. The simulations predict that local heating due to electronic stopping contributes to irradiation damage in both nanocrystals in silica and bulk silica. In silicon carbide, high electronic stopping is found to recrystallize irradiation damaged samples. Molecular dynamics simulations of inelastic thermal spikes support the hypothesis that the observed recrystallization is induced by local heating due to electronic stopping. We need a combination of computer simulations and experimental observations to explain many of the complex processes that take place during ion irradiation. The results in this thesis give insight into some experimentally observed phenomena of the effect that nuclear and electronic energy loss have in materials, but especially…

Subjects/Keywords: fysik; fysik

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Backman, M. (2012). Effects of nuclear and electronic stopping power on ion irradiation of silicon-based compounds. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/37606

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Backman, Marie. “Effects of nuclear and electronic stopping power on ion irradiation of silicon-based compounds.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/37606.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Backman, Marie. “Effects of nuclear and electronic stopping power on ion irradiation of silicon-based compounds.” 2012. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Backman M. Effects of nuclear and electronic stopping power on ion irradiation of silicon-based compounds. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/37606.

Council of Science Editors:

Backman M. Effects of nuclear and electronic stopping power on ion irradiation of silicon-based compounds. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/37606

University of Helsinki

3. Träskelin, Petra. Sticking and erosion at carbon-containing plasma-facing materials in fusion reactors.

Degree: Department of Physical Sciences; Helsingfors universitet, matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, institutionen för fysikaliska vetenskaper, 2006, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/23172

►

Controlled nuclear fusion is one of the most promising sources of energy for the future. Before this goal can be achieved, one must be able… (more)

▼

Controlled nuclear fusion is one of the most promising sources of energy for the future. Before this goal can be achieved, one must be able to control the enormous energy densities which are present in the core plasma in a fusion reactor. In order to be able to predict the evolution and thereby the lifetime of different plasma facing materials under reactor-relevant conditions, the interaction of atoms and molecules with plasma first wall surfaces have to be studied in detail. In this thesis, the fundamental sticking and erosion processes of carbon-based materials, the nature of hydrocarbon species released from plasma-facing surfaces, and the evolution of the components under cumulative bombardment by atoms and molecules have been investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulations using both analytic potentials and a semi-empirical tight-binding method. The sticking cross-section of CH3 radicals at unsaturated carbon sites at diamond (111) surfaces is observed to decrease with increasing angle of incidence, a dependence which can be described by a simple geometrical model. The simulations furthermore show the sticking cross-section of CH3 radicals to be strongly dependent on the local neighborhood of the unsaturated carbon site. The erosion of amorphous hydrogenated carbon surfaces by helium, neon, and argon ions in combination with hydrogen at energies ranging from 2 to 10 eV is studied using both non-cumulative and cumulative bombardment simulations. The results show no significant differences between sputtering yields obtained from bombardment simulations with different noble gas ions. The final simulation cells from the 5 and 10 eV ion bombardment simulations, however, show marked differences in surface morphology. In further simulations the behavior of amorphous hydrogenated carbon surfaces under bombardment with D^+, D^+2, and D^+3 ions in the energy range from 2 to 30 eV has been investigated. The total chemical sputtering yields indicate that molecular projectiles lead to larger sputtering yields than atomic projectiles. Finally, the effect of hydrogen ion bombardment of both crystalline and amorphous tungsten carbide surfaces is studied. Prolonged bombardment is found to lead to the formation of an amorphous tungsten carbide layer, regardless of the initial structure of the sample. In agreement with experiment, preferential sputtering of carbon is observed in both the cumulative and non-cumulative simulations

Kontrollerad fusion av atomkärnor tillhör de mest lovande framtida energikällorna. Innan man kan åstadkomma fusion, måste man emellertid kunna ha kontroll över de enorma energidensiteter, som är närvarande i plasman i en fusions reaktor. För att kunna förutspå utvecklingen och livstiden för olika material av första väggen i en reaktor, måste man först erhålla fundamental information om växelverkan mellan atomer och molekyler och första väggens ytor. I den här avhandlingen har sådana fundamentala fästnings- och erosions processer studerats i detalj med hjälp av molekulär dynamiska…

Subjects/Keywords: fysik; fysik

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Träskelin, P. (2006). Sticking and erosion at carbon-containing plasma-facing materials in fusion reactors. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/23172

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Träskelin, Petra. “Sticking and erosion at carbon-containing plasma-facing materials in fusion reactors.” 2006. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/23172.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Träskelin, Petra. “Sticking and erosion at carbon-containing plasma-facing materials in fusion reactors.” 2006. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Träskelin P. Sticking and erosion at carbon-containing plasma-facing materials in fusion reactors. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2006. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/23172.

Council of Science Editors:

Träskelin P. Sticking and erosion at carbon-containing plasma-facing materials in fusion reactors. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/23172

Linköping University

4. Wärnå, John. Quantum Chaos On A Curved Surface.

Degree: Chemistry and Biology;, 2008, Linköping University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15682

► The system studied in the thesis is a particle in a two-dimensional box on the surface of a sphere with constant radius. The different… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wärnå, J. (2008). Quantum Chaos On A Curved Surface. (Thesis). Linköping University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15682

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wärnå, John. “Quantum Chaos On A Curved Surface.” 2008. Thesis, Linköping University. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15682.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wärnå, John. “Quantum Chaos On A Curved Surface.” 2008. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Wärnå J. Quantum Chaos On A Curved Surface. [Internet] [Thesis]. Linköping University; 2008. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15682.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wärnå J. Quantum Chaos On A Curved Surface. [Thesis]. Linköping University; 2008. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15682

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

5. Sporre, Morgan. Gymnasieelevers väg till fysikförståelse.

Degree: Education, 2008, Växjö University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1887

► Utgångspunkten i detta arbete är vårt intresse för hur elever uppnår förståelse i fysik och om/hur de ser kopplingar till verkligheten/vardagen. Anser gymnasieelever att… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sporre, M. (2008). Gymnasieelevers väg till fysikförståelse. (Thesis). Växjö University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1887

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sporre, Morgan. “Gymnasieelevers väg till fysikförståelse.” 2008. Thesis, Växjö University. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1887.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sporre, Morgan. “Gymnasieelevers väg till fysikförståelse.” 2008. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Sporre M. Gymnasieelevers väg till fysikförståelse. [Internet] [Thesis]. Växjö University; 2008. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1887.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sporre M. Gymnasieelevers väg till fysikförståelse. [Thesis]. Växjö University; 2008. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1887

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Lund

6. Dalaryd, Mårten. Dosimetric effects of removing the flattening filter in radiotherapy treatment units.

Degree: 2015, University of Lund

URL: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/7761467 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/5656612/7766692.pdf

► The aim of this work was to investigate the dosimetric effects of removing the flattening filter from conventional C-arm medical linear accelerators. In conventional linear… (more)

▼ The aim of this work was to investigate the dosimetric effects of removing the flattening filter from conventional C-arm medical linear accelerators. In conventional linear accelerators used for radiotherapy, a flattening filter is positioned in the beam line to provide a uniform lateral dose profile at a specified depth in water. However, for some radiotherapy treatments, a uniform lateral dose profile is not necessary, e.g. stereotactic treatments with small fields or treatments with intensity modulated fields. In this work, a comprehensive set of measurements and Monte Carlo simulations for a modified Elekta Precise linear accelerator, operating with and without a flattening filter, were performed and the differences were evaluated. For an Elekta Precise linac, it was found that by removing the flattening filter the dose could be delivered approximately twice as fast as when the flattening filter is in the beam line, under certain conditions. The scatter produced in the treatment head was reduced by 30 %–45 % when the flattening filter was removed and the variation of scattered radiation with field size was also reduced. Removal of the flattening filter resulted in a softer photon energy spectra which leads to a steeper absorbed dose fall-off with depth and less lateral variation across the field. By increasing the acceleration potential of the linac, the depth–dose profiles become more similar to those of the equivalent conventional photon beam and thus the output will also be increased. The suitability of two beam quality measures, TPR20,10 and %dd(10)x, in predicting water to air mass collision stopping-power ratios sw,air for flattening filter-free photon beams was also investigated. These quality measures are used in reference dosimetry for the determination of absorbed dose in water. It was shown that the relationship between TPR20,10 and sw,air used in a current international code of practice for reference dosimetry, overestimates the stopping-power ratio by approximately 0.3 % for flattening filter-free photon beams, while the relationship between %dd(10)x and sw,air, used in the North American code of practice is more accurate. A new beam quality metric, consisting of both TPR20,10 and TPR10,5 was evaluated. It was found that this new beam quality specifier more accurately predicted stopping power ratios for flattening filter-free photon beams. A beam quality specifier defined by the first two moments (describing the mean and variance) of the spectral distribution was also investigated and found to accurately predict stopping-power ratios for beams without a flattening filter.

Subjects/Keywords: Annan fysik

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dalaryd, M. (2015). Dosimetric effects of removing the flattening filter in radiotherapy treatment units. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Lund. Retrieved from http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/7761467 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/5656612/7766692.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dalaryd, Mårten. “Dosimetric effects of removing the flattening filter in radiotherapy treatment units.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Lund. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/7761467 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/5656612/7766692.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dalaryd, Mårten. “Dosimetric effects of removing the flattening filter in radiotherapy treatment units.” 2015. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Dalaryd M. Dosimetric effects of removing the flattening filter in radiotherapy treatment units. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Lund; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/7761467 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/5656612/7766692.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Dalaryd M. Dosimetric effects of removing the flattening filter in radiotherapy treatment units. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Lund; 2015. Available from: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/7761467 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/5656612/7766692.pdf

KTH

7. Giacometti, Valentina. Assessment of the dynamicsof tumour oxygenation usingfmiso pet : quantitative analysis.

Degree: Physics, 2010, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-13745

►

The main aim of the study was the assessment of the changes in tumouroxygenation based on FMISO PET imaging as one of the radiobiologicalbases… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Giacometti, V. (2010). Assessment of the dynamicsof tumour oxygenation usingfmiso pet : quantitative analysis. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-13745

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Giacometti, Valentina. “Assessment of the dynamicsof tumour oxygenation usingfmiso pet : quantitative analysis.” 2010. Thesis, KTH. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-13745.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Giacometti, Valentina. “Assessment of the dynamicsof tumour oxygenation usingfmiso pet : quantitative analysis.” 2010. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Giacometti V. Assessment of the dynamicsof tumour oxygenation usingfmiso pet : quantitative analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2010. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-13745.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Giacometti V. Assessment of the dynamicsof tumour oxygenation usingfmiso pet : quantitative analysis. [Thesis]. KTH; 2010. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-13745

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Linköping University

8. Edström, Daniel. Study of Radiation Damage of Lead Tungstate Crystals in the Context of CMS ECAL.

Degree: Chemistry and Biology, 2011, Linköping University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67520

►

The Large Hadron Collider, LHC, at CERN is capable of producing proton-proton collisions at a total energy of 14 TeV. Four principal detectors are installed… (more)

▼

The Large Hadron Collider, LHC, at CERN is capable of producing proton-proton collisions at a total energy of 14 TeV. Four principal detectors are installed in the LHC to detect the various particles created in the collisions. In one of these detectors, the CMS, scintillating crystals of lead tungstate are utilized to convert the energy of electromagnetic particles to visible light. Due to the high amount of radiation in the detector, the performance of the crystals may degrade during the lifetime of the detector. In this work, crystals such as the ones used in the CMS detector are irradiated with gamma radiation and protons to estimate the transmission loss in the crystals. The spontaneous recovery at room temperature is studied over a period of several weeks. Induced diffusion is also studied. In addition, techniques for reversing crystal damage are presented and studied. The techniques used are thermal bleaching, restoration by heating the crystals, and optical bleaching, restoration by exposing the crystals to light of a specified wavelength.The light yield, the amount of light extracted per unit of deposited energy, for different crystals and different types of sources has also been compared. The sources used have been gamma, alpha and neutron sources. The induced absorption of standard PWO endcaps at 422 nm after being exposed to 1 kGy gammas was measured to be in the range of 0.6 to 0.7 m-1For mo-doped crystals the corresponding value was measured in the range of 0.2 to 0.3 m .-1 When increasing the dose to 100 kGy the induced .absorption at 422 nm was found in the range of 1.17 to 1.32 m-1for standard crystals and 3.02 to 4.43 m-1for molybdenum doped crystals. The transmission could be completely recovered using thermal bleaching for both gamma and proton induced damage, while optical bleaching has so far only been shown to perform a limited recovery. Proton irradiated samples demonstrated an induced diffusion, which could be eliminated using thermal bleaching.The light yield of the measured crystals was shown to be consistently lower for alpha particles and neutrons than for gamma particles. The rates varied in the range of 5% to 27% when comparing the light yield for alpha particles to gamma particles, and in the range of 5% to 70% when comparing neutrons to gammas

LHC, “Large Hadron Collider”, är en partikelaccelerator vid CERN med en förmåga att producera kollisioner mellan protoner och protoner vid 14 TeV total energi. Fyra huvuddetektorer är installerade i LHC för att detektera de partiklar som skapas vid kollisionerna. I en av dessa detektorer, CMS, används scintillationskristaller av bly-wolfram-oxid för att omvandla energin från elektromagnetiska partiklar till synligt ljus. På grund av den stora mängden strålning i detektorn kan dessa kristallers egenskaper försämras över tiden.I detta arbete har kristaller av den typ som används i CMS-detektorn bestrålats med gammapartiklar och protoner för att uppskatta förlusten av transmission i kristallerna. Den spontana återhämtningen av…

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Edström, D. (2011). Study of Radiation Damage of Lead Tungstate Crystals in the Context of CMS ECAL. (Thesis). Linköping University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67520

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Edström, Daniel. “Study of Radiation Damage of Lead Tungstate Crystals in the Context of CMS ECAL.” 2011. Thesis, Linköping University. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67520.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Edström, Daniel. “Study of Radiation Damage of Lead Tungstate Crystals in the Context of CMS ECAL.” 2011. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Edström D. Study of Radiation Damage of Lead Tungstate Crystals in the Context of CMS ECAL. [Internet] [Thesis]. Linköping University; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67520.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Edström D. Study of Radiation Damage of Lead Tungstate Crystals in the Context of CMS ECAL. [Thesis]. Linköping University; 2011. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67520

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Linköping University

9. Tholander, Christopher. Ab initio piezoelectricity and energy landscape of Y_0.375Al_0.625N.

Degree: Theoretical Physics, 2011, Linköping University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67642

► There is high industrial demand for materials with a high piezoelectrical response which are stable at high temperatures. A recent study on ScAlN has… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tholander, C. (2011). Ab initio piezoelectricity and energy landscape of Y_0.375Al_0.625N. (Thesis). Linköping University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67642

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tholander, Christopher. “Ab initio piezoelectricity and energy landscape of Y_0.375Al_0.625N.” 2011. Thesis, Linköping University. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67642.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tholander, Christopher. “Ab initio piezoelectricity and energy landscape of Y_0.375Al_0.625N.” 2011. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Tholander C. Ab initio piezoelectricity and energy landscape of Y_0.375Al_0.625N. [Internet] [Thesis]. Linköping University; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67642.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tholander C. Ab initio piezoelectricity and energy landscape of Y_0.375Al_0.625N. [Thesis]. Linköping University; 2011. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67642

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

KTH

10. Raub, Sebastian. Transient behaviour in a BWR with Hafnium Cladding : Feasibility study of using BWRs as Higher Actinide Burners at the Example of Ringhals I.

Degree: Engineering Sciences (SCI), 2011, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-38189

► Transmutation of transuranic elements is of interest to lower storage unit cost and long-term radiotoxicity. To make use of existing infrastructure, the deployment of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Raub, S. (2011). Transient behaviour in a BWR with Hafnium Cladding : Feasibility study of using BWRs as Higher Actinide Burners at the Example of Ringhals I. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-38189

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Raub, Sebastian. “Transient behaviour in a BWR with Hafnium Cladding : Feasibility study of using BWRs as Higher Actinide Burners at the Example of Ringhals I.” 2011. Thesis, KTH. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-38189.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Raub, Sebastian. “Transient behaviour in a BWR with Hafnium Cladding : Feasibility study of using BWRs as Higher Actinide Burners at the Example of Ringhals I.” 2011. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Raub S. Transient behaviour in a BWR with Hafnium Cladding : Feasibility study of using BWRs as Higher Actinide Burners at the Example of Ringhals I. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-38189.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Raub S. Transient behaviour in a BWR with Hafnium Cladding : Feasibility study of using BWRs as Higher Actinide Burners at the Example of Ringhals I. [Thesis]. KTH; 2011. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-38189

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

KTH

11. Messina, Luca. Monte Carlo simulation for the prediction of gamma-induced damage in metals .

Degree: Reactor Physics, 2010, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34288

► Nuclear waste management represents the main problem related to nuclear power generation. The Swedish project for an ultimate nuclear waste repos- itory is in… (more)

▼ Nuclear waste management represents the main problem related to nuclear power generation. The Swedish project for an ultimate nuclear waste repos- itory is in a very advanced state and cast iron-copper canisters have been designed with the aim of isolating the spent fuel from the environment for at least 105 years. Neutrons and gamma radiation emitted by the fuel may induce unexpected embrittlement and impair the container integrity through formation of point defect clusters and consequent copper precip- itation. Gamma radiation induces displacements by interacting with the container’s metal lattice and creating high energy electrons. To study this container embrittlement, irradiation experiments that make use of high en- ergy electron beams are required. In order to reproduce the experimental arrangement, a Monte Carlo code named ElectronDamage was developed. The code computes the damage rate induced by a collimated high-energy electron beam on one-dimensional metallic samples and also provides for the damage distribution as function of depth. The particle energy loss along its trajectory is computed by means of the Bethe-Bloch formula. The scattering cross section and the stopping power are assumed to be constant along the free path. Collisions against the lattice nuclei are modelled by randomly generating the scattering angle, according to the differential scattering cross section. A cutoff angle has to be chosen in order to make the cross section function limited and allow for the construction of a PDF. At every collision the exchanged energy is computed. A sharp displacement energy threshold is assumed and the Kinchin-Pease formula is used for the secondary displacement computation. The energy threshold to produce displacements by electrons is 630 keV in iron. Test simulations were performed in order to validate the code. Sim- ulated electron ranges and backscattering coefficients were computed for several electron energies and compared with theoretical predictions or semi- experimental values. The comparison was successful, although it showed that the code is not suitable for beams below 500 keV. Subsequently, a few relevant energies were selected with the aim of reproducing the gamma spectrum emitted by real spent fuel samples. The total damage rates were computed (in displacements/electron unit) and converted into dpa/year; considerable contributions are given by gamma fluxes whose energy is lower than 2 MeV. The damage rates provided by the literature were satisfactorily close to the computed ones. Displacement distributions presented a peak, which is located near the irradiated surface and moves inwards as the elec- tron energy increases. Finally, a parametric study of the cutoff value showed that its choice does not induce any effect on the total damage rate, whereas it causes a shrinkage of the distribution toward the irradiated surface and a slight increase of the peak value.

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Messina, L. (2010). Monte Carlo simulation for the prediction of gamma-induced damage in metals . (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34288

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Messina, Luca. “Monte Carlo simulation for the prediction of gamma-induced damage in metals .” 2010. Thesis, KTH. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34288.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Messina, Luca. “Monte Carlo simulation for the prediction of gamma-induced damage in metals .” 2010. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Messina L. Monte Carlo simulation for the prediction of gamma-induced damage in metals . [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2010. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34288.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Messina L. Monte Carlo simulation for the prediction of gamma-induced damage in metals . [Thesis]. KTH; 2010. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34288

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

KTH

12. Söderström, Bill. Restriction in the membrane diffusion over the dividing septum of Escherichia Coli cells measured by Flourescence Recovery After Photobleaching.

Degree: Experimental Biomolecular Physics, 2011, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-36750

► This diploma thesis is a follow up work of a previous paper by Johan Strömqvist et. al. [1] In their article they presented a… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Söderström, B. (2011). Restriction in the membrane diffusion over the dividing septum of Escherichia Coli cells measured by Flourescence Recovery After Photobleaching. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-36750

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Söderström, Bill. “Restriction in the membrane diffusion over the dividing septum of Escherichia Coli cells measured by Flourescence Recovery After Photobleaching.” 2011. Thesis, KTH. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-36750.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Söderström, Bill. “Restriction in the membrane diffusion over the dividing septum of Escherichia Coli cells measured by Flourescence Recovery After Photobleaching.” 2011. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Söderström B. Restriction in the membrane diffusion over the dividing septum of Escherichia Coli cells measured by Flourescence Recovery After Photobleaching. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-36750.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Söderström B. Restriction in the membrane diffusion over the dividing septum of Escherichia Coli cells measured by Flourescence Recovery After Photobleaching. [Thesis]. KTH; 2011. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-36750

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

KTH

13. Backlund, Karl-Oskar. Deriving an extended one-band Hubbard model for cuprate superconductors.

Degree: Theoretical Physics, 2011, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-37895

► The so-called three-band Hubbard model is generally believed to be a good model for fermions on a CuO 2 lattice and to contain key… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Backlund, K. (2011). Deriving an extended one-band Hubbard model for cuprate superconductors. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-37895

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Backlund, Karl-Oskar. “Deriving an extended one-band Hubbard model for cuprate superconductors.” 2011. Thesis, KTH. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-37895.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Backlund, Karl-Oskar. “Deriving an extended one-band Hubbard model for cuprate superconductors.” 2011. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Backlund K. Deriving an extended one-band Hubbard model for cuprate superconductors. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-37895.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Backlund K. Deriving an extended one-band Hubbard model for cuprate superconductors. [Thesis]. KTH; 2011. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-37895

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Uppsala University

14. Froemel, Paul. Implementation of a T-MOKE setup for transient studies of magnetic materials at the HELIOS XUV photon sourc.

Degree: Molecular and condensed matter physics, 2013, Uppsala University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224443

Subjects/Keywords: Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Froemel, P. (2013). Implementation of a T-MOKE setup for transient studies of magnetic materials at the HELIOS XUV photon sourc. (Thesis). Uppsala University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224443

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Froemel, Paul. “Implementation of a T-MOKE setup for transient studies of magnetic materials at the HELIOS XUV photon sourc.” 2013. Thesis, Uppsala University. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224443.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Froemel, Paul. “Implementation of a T-MOKE setup for transient studies of magnetic materials at the HELIOS XUV photon sourc.” 2013. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Froemel P. Implementation of a T-MOKE setup for transient studies of magnetic materials at the HELIOS XUV photon sourc. [Internet] [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2013. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224443.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Froemel P. Implementation of a T-MOKE setup for transient studies of magnetic materials at the HELIOS XUV photon sourc. [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2013. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224443

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Linnaeus University

15. Hjelmfors, Ingemar. Gymnasieelevers uppfattning av fysikämnet.

Degree: Physics and Electrical Engineering, 2018, Linnaeus University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-70951

► Syftet med detta arbete är att försöka komma fram till hur elever som läser tekniskt och naturvetenskapligt program på gymnasiet uppfattar ämnet fysik. En… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: didaktik; fysik; Other Physics Topics; Annan fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hjelmfors, I. (2018). Gymnasieelevers uppfattning av fysikämnet. (Thesis). Linnaeus University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-70951

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hjelmfors, Ingemar. “Gymnasieelevers uppfattning av fysikämnet.” 2018. Thesis, Linnaeus University. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-70951.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hjelmfors, Ingemar. “Gymnasieelevers uppfattning av fysikämnet.” 2018. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Hjelmfors I. Gymnasieelevers uppfattning av fysikämnet. [Internet] [Thesis]. Linnaeus University; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-70951.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hjelmfors I. Gymnasieelevers uppfattning av fysikämnet. [Thesis]. Linnaeus University; 2018. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-70951

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Jönköping University

16. Törnroth, Marcus. Fysikläromedel : En undersökning av fysikläromedel för grundskolans senare år.

Degree: Disciplinary Research, 2008, Jönköping University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1216

► Jag har fått den uppfattningen att läromedel används ofta. För att använda detta medel på ett bra sätt, borde de därför vara välgjorda utifrån… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Fysik; Läromedel; Kursplan; Grundskola; Physical Sciences; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Törnroth, M. (2008). Fysikläromedel : En undersökning av fysikläromedel för grundskolans senare år. (Thesis). Jönköping University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1216

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Törnroth, Marcus. “Fysikläromedel : En undersökning av fysikläromedel för grundskolans senare år.” 2008. Thesis, Jönköping University. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1216.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Törnroth, Marcus. “Fysikläromedel : En undersökning av fysikläromedel för grundskolans senare år.” 2008. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Törnroth M. Fysikläromedel : En undersökning av fysikläromedel för grundskolans senare år. [Internet] [Thesis]. Jönköping University; 2008. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1216.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Törnroth M. Fysikläromedel : En undersökning av fysikläromedel för grundskolans senare år. [Thesis]. Jönköping University; 2008. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1216

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Uppsala University

17. Godinho, Sofia Borg Segarra Marques Cortez. Simulering eller demonstration i fysik undersvisning? : Hur olika typer av undervisningsformer påverkar begreppsförståelsen och inlärningen.

Degree: Education, 2011, Uppsala University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-156854

► Syftet med studien är att utvärdera hur olika typer av undervisningsformer påverkar begreppsförståelsen och inlärningen. Här jämförs datorsimuleringar med demonstrationer. Studien genomfördes på två… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: didaktik; fysik; demonstration; simulering; Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Godinho, S. B. S. M. C. (2011). Simulering eller demonstration i fysik undersvisning? : Hur olika typer av undervisningsformer påverkar begreppsförståelsen och inlärningen. (Thesis). Uppsala University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-156854

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Godinho, Sofia Borg Segarra Marques Cortez. “Simulering eller demonstration i fysik undersvisning? : Hur olika typer av undervisningsformer påverkar begreppsförståelsen och inlärningen.” 2011. Thesis, Uppsala University. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-156854.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Godinho, Sofia Borg Segarra Marques Cortez. “Simulering eller demonstration i fysik undersvisning? : Hur olika typer av undervisningsformer påverkar begreppsförståelsen och inlärningen.” 2011. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Godinho SBSMC. Simulering eller demonstration i fysik undersvisning? : Hur olika typer av undervisningsformer påverkar begreppsförståelsen och inlärningen. [Internet] [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-156854.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Godinho SBSMC. Simulering eller demonstration i fysik undersvisning? : Hur olika typer av undervisningsformer påverkar begreppsförståelsen och inlärningen. [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2011. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-156854

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

18. Svensson, Axel. Experiment of the Century: Fabrication and Measurement of the Bimetallic Superconducting Loop with an Andreev Interferometer .

Degree: Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, 2010, Chalmers University of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/125647

► The experiment tomeasure the thermoelectric eﬀect in a superconducting bimetallic loop was realised using an integrated mesoscopic circuit with an Andreev interferometer as readout. The… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Fysik; Mesoskopisk fysik; Physical Sciences; Mesoscopic physics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Svensson, A. (2010). Experiment of the Century: Fabrication and Measurement of the Bimetallic Superconducting Loop with an Andreev Interferometer . (Thesis). Chalmers University of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/125647

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Svensson, Axel. “Experiment of the Century: Fabrication and Measurement of the Bimetallic Superconducting Loop with an Andreev Interferometer .” 2010. Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/125647.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Svensson, Axel. “Experiment of the Century: Fabrication and Measurement of the Bimetallic Superconducting Loop with an Andreev Interferometer .” 2010. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Svensson A. Experiment of the Century: Fabrication and Measurement of the Bimetallic Superconducting Loop with an Andreev Interferometer . [Internet] [Thesis]. Chalmers University of Technology; 2010. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/125647.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Svensson A. Experiment of the Century: Fabrication and Measurement of the Bimetallic Superconducting Loop with an Andreev Interferometer . [Thesis]. Chalmers University of Technology; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/125647

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Karlstad University

19. Gladh, Jörgen. Tensor products, Fusion rules and su(2) Representations.

Degree: Physics and Mathematics, 2008, Karlstad University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2801

► In this master thesis I have looked on two different kinds of representations of the Lie algebras su(2) and sl(2), and the tensor products… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Representations; Physics; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gladh, J. (2008). Tensor products, Fusion rules and su(2) Representations. (Thesis). Karlstad University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2801

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gladh, Jörgen. “Tensor products, Fusion rules and su(2) Representations.” 2008. Thesis, Karlstad University. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2801.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gladh, Jörgen. “Tensor products, Fusion rules and su(2) Representations.” 2008. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Gladh J. Tensor products, Fusion rules and su(2) Representations. [Internet] [Thesis]. Karlstad University; 2008. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2801.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gladh J. Tensor products, Fusion rules and su(2) Representations. [Thesis]. Karlstad University; 2008. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2801

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

KTH

20. Gallo, Rafaelle. Realization of quantum dots emitting at 1.55µm for single photon emitters.

Degree: Information and Communication Technology (ICT), 2017, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215713

► This thesis reports is about the fabrication and characterization of InAs self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) using both InP and GaAs substrates for the realization… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physical Sciences; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gallo, R. (2017). Realization of quantum dots emitting at 1.55µm for single photon emitters. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215713

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gallo, Rafaelle. “Realization of quantum dots emitting at 1.55µm for single photon emitters.” 2017. Thesis, KTH. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215713.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gallo, Rafaelle. “Realization of quantum dots emitting at 1.55µm for single photon emitters.” 2017. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Gallo R. Realization of quantum dots emitting at 1.55µm for single photon emitters. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215713.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gallo R. Realization of quantum dots emitting at 1.55µm for single photon emitters. [Thesis]. KTH; 2017. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215713

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Stockholm University

21. Streißnig, Christoph. Confined Brownian Motion : Fick-Jacobs Equation and Stochastic Thermodynamics.

Degree: Physics, 2017, Stockholm University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-148185

► Brownian motion conned in a two dimensional channel with varying crosssectionunder the inuence of an external force eld is examined. In particular,a one dimensional… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physical Sciences; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Streißnig, C. (2017). Confined Brownian Motion : Fick-Jacobs Equation and Stochastic Thermodynamics. (Thesis). Stockholm University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-148185

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Streißnig, Christoph. “Confined Brownian Motion : Fick-Jacobs Equation and Stochastic Thermodynamics.” 2017. Thesis, Stockholm University. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-148185.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Streißnig, Christoph. “Confined Brownian Motion : Fick-Jacobs Equation and Stochastic Thermodynamics.” 2017. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Streißnig C. Confined Brownian Motion : Fick-Jacobs Equation and Stochastic Thermodynamics. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stockholm University; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-148185.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Streißnig C. Confined Brownian Motion : Fick-Jacobs Equation and Stochastic Thermodynamics. [Thesis]. Stockholm University; 2017. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-148185

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Helsinki

22. Haataja, Miika-Matias. Quartz tuning fork as a probe of helium surfaces.

Degree: Department of Physics; Helsingfors universitet, Matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för fysik, 2017, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229076

► Interfaces of solid and liquid helium exhibit many physical phenomena. At very low temperatures the solid-liquid interface becomes mobile enough to allow a periodic melting-freezing… (more)

▼ Interfaces of solid and liquid helium exhibit many physical phenomena. At very low temperatures the solid-liquid interface becomes mobile enough to allow a periodic melting-freezing wave to pro-pagate along the surface. These crystallization waves were experimentally confirmed in ^4He decades ago, but in ^3He they are only observable at extremely low temperatures (well below 0.5 mK). This presents a difficult technical challenge to create a measurement scheme with very low dissipation. We have developed a method to use a quartz tuning fork to probe oscillating helium surfaces. These mechanical oscillators are highly sensitive to interactions with the surrounding medium, which makes them extremely accurate sensors of many material properties. By tracking the fork's resonant frequency with two lock-in amplifiers, we have been able to attain a frequency resolution below 1 mHz. The shift in resonant frequency can then be used to calculate the corresponding change in surface level, if the interaction between the fork and the helium surface is understood. One of the main goals of this thesis was to create interaction models that could provide quantitative estimates for the calculations. Experimental results suggest that the liquid-vapour surface forms a column of superfluid that is suspended from the tip of the fork. Due to the extreme wetting properties of superfluids, the fork is also coated with a thin (∼ 300 Å) layer of helium. The added mass from this layer depends on the fork-surface distance. Oscillations of the surface level thus cause periodic change in the effective mass of the fork, which in turn modulates the resonant frequency. For the solid-liquid interface the interaction is based on the inviscid flow of superfluid around the moving fork. The added hydrodynamic mass increases when the fork oscillates closer to the solid surface. Crystallization waves below the fork will thus change the fork's resonant frequency. We were able to excite gravity-capillary and crystallization waves in ^4He with a bifilarly wound capacitor. Using the quartz tuning fork detection scheme we measured the spectrum of both types of waves at 10 mK. According to the interaction models developed in this thesis, the surface level resolution of this method was ∼ 10 μm for the gravity-capillary waves and ∼ 1 nm for the crystallization waves. Thanks to the low dissipation (∼ 20 pW) of the measurement scheme, our method is directly applicable in future ^3He experiments.

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysiikka; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Haataja, M. (2017). Quartz tuning fork as a probe of helium surfaces. (Masters Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229076

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Haataja, Miika-Matias. “Quartz tuning fork as a probe of helium surfaces.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229076.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Haataja, Miika-Matias. “Quartz tuning fork as a probe of helium surfaces.” 2017. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Haataja M. Quartz tuning fork as a probe of helium surfaces. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229076.

Council of Science Editors:

Haataja M. Quartz tuning fork as a probe of helium surfaces. [Masters Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229076

University of Helsinki

23. Kylliäinen, Joonas. Cloud Radio Access Network dimensioning.

Degree: Department of Physics; Helsingfors universitet, Matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för fysik, 2017, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229080

►

As the data traffic, as well as the speed demands, increases, the mobile networks require means for economically fulfil these demands. The solution comes from… (more)

▼

As the data traffic, as well as the speed demands, increases, the mobile networks require means for economically fulfil these demands. The solution comes from the cloud. In order to move the processing to the cloud, it must be carefully dimensioned to know how much resources each situation requires. This means there must be a way to calculate from the traffic the virtual machines required and the hardware resources the virtual machines need, when the cloud infrastructure used is OpenStack. This thesis provides two methods for calculating the virtual machines from the traffic profile. The first one is based on performance testing of the virtual network functions and the second one is based on machine learning technique called multiple linear regression analysis. Furthermore in this work, approximation algorithms are being used in order to solve multidimensional variates of classical optimization problems such as bin packing problem and subset sum problem. These algorithms are used to dimension required resources from the virtual machines to hardware and vice versa. The algorithms are bundled to a program with a graphical user interface to make as user friendly as possible.

Liikenteen määrän ja sen vaatiman nopeuden kasvaessa mobiiliverkoissa, on löydettävä tapoja, joilla nämä vaatimukset voidaan taloudellisesti täyttää. Pilviteknologian käyttöönotto mobiiliverkoissa tulee olemaan osa ratkaisua. Jotta laskentaa voidaan siirtää pilveen, on sen vaativuudet kuitenkin määriteltävä tarkasti. On siis oltava olemassa tapa laskea vallitsevasta liikenteestä tarvittavien virtuaalikoneiden määrä, sekä niiden tarvitsemat resurssit laitteistolta kun pilven infrastruktuurina käytetään OpenStack-ohjelmistoa. Tämä tutkielma tarjoaa menetelmiä virtuaalikoneiden laskemiseen liikenteestä. Toinen menetelmistä perustuu suorituskykymittauksiin ja toinen koneoppimismenetelmään, joka tunnetaan useamman muuttujan lineaarisena regressioanalyysiina. Tässä työssä käytetään myös approksimointialgoritmeja useampiulotteisten optimointiongelmien nopeaan ratkaisemiseen. Näitä algoritmeja käytetään virtuaalikoneiden laitteistolta tarvitsemien resurssien määrän laskemiseen, sekä virtuaalikoneiden maksimimäärän selvittämiseen kun laitteisto tiedetään. Nämä algoritmit on koottu ohjelmaksi graafisella käyttöliitymällä, jotta sen käyttö olisi mahdollisimman helppoa.

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysiikka; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kylliäinen, J. (2017). Cloud Radio Access Network dimensioning. (Masters Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229080

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kylliäinen, Joonas. “Cloud Radio Access Network dimensioning.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229080.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kylliäinen, Joonas. “Cloud Radio Access Network dimensioning.” 2017. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Kylliäinen J. Cloud Radio Access Network dimensioning. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229080.

Council of Science Editors:

Kylliäinen J. Cloud Radio Access Network dimensioning. [Masters Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229080

University of Helsinki

24. Heino, Olga. Fysiikan aineopintojen laboratoriotyöt 1 ja 2 -kurssien uudistus.

Degree: Department of Physics; Helsingfors universitet, Matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för fysik, 2017, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229094

► Helsingin yliopiston fysiikan laitoksella päätettiin uudistaa Fysiikan aineopintojen laboratoriotyöt 1 ja 2 (AOL 1 ja AOL 2) -kurssit kokonaisvaltaisesti, koska näiden kurssien suoritusaika saattoi opiskelijoilla… (more)

▼ Helsingin yliopiston fysiikan laitoksella päätettiin uudistaa Fysiikan aineopintojen laboratoriotyöt 1 ja 2 (AOL 1 ja AOL 2) -kurssit kokonaisvaltaisesti, koska näiden kurssien suoritusaika saattoi opiskelijoilla pitkittyä monella vuodella ja kurssit koettiin kokonaisuudessaan liian raskaiksi. Uudistusta olivat tekemässä fysiikan oppiaineen vastuuprofessori Hanna Vehkamäki, yliopistonlehtori Szabolcs Galambosi, fysiikan opetuksen kehittämiseen erikoistuneet FT Inkeri Kontro ja FL Ilkka Hendolin sekä allekirjoittanut. Projekti aloitettiin keväällä 2015 ja uudistetut kurssit toteutettiin ensimmäisen kerran keväällä 2016 lehtori Galambosin luennoimina. Tässä opinnäytetyössä käsittelen AOL 1 ja AOL 2 -kurssien uudistusta, joka pohjautuu fysiikan laboratoriotyökursseja koskeviin tuoreimpiin tutkimuksiin. Esittelen näiden tutkimusten ja kurssien uudistusryhmän pohdintojen perusteella määritetyt teoreettiset oppimistavoitteet uusille kursseille ja käyn läpi uusien kurssien sisällön. Kursseista tehtiin aiempaa modulaarisemmat ja tämä tekee kurssien sisältöjen muokkaamisesta helpompaa tulevaisuudessa. Molemmat kurssit koostuvat kolmesta yksittäistä laboratoriotyöstä sekä laboratoriotöitä tukevista laskuharjoituksista ja kurssit ovat kumpikin laajuudeltaan 5 op. Molemmat kurssit koettiin kurssipalautteen perusteella kiinnostaviksi sekä haastaviksi. Ensimmäisille uudistettujen kurssien suorittajille teetettiin keväällä 2016 E-CLASS-kysely, joka mittaa opiskelijoiden näkemyksiä fysiikan laboratoriotyökurssien ja oikean kokeellisen tutkimuksen yhteydestä. Opiskelijat (n=30) täyttivät kyselyn AOL 1 -kurssin alussa ja AOL 2 -kurssin lopussa. Kyselyn tulokset viittaavat siihen, etteivät opiskelijoiden näkemykset edellä mainitusta yhteydestä muuttuneet kurssin aikana. Kyselyn avulla voidaan kuitenkin mahdollisesti arvioida yksittäisten kurssitavoitteiden täyttymistä. Uudistuksen myötä syntyi lisää kehitysehdotuksia tuleville laboratoriotyökursseille, joita käsittelen tutkielman lopussa.

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysiikka; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Heino, O. (2017). Fysiikan aineopintojen laboratoriotyöt 1 ja 2 -kurssien uudistus. (Masters Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229094

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Heino, Olga. “Fysiikan aineopintojen laboratoriotyöt 1 ja 2 -kurssien uudistus.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229094.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Heino, Olga. “Fysiikan aineopintojen laboratoriotyöt 1 ja 2 -kurssien uudistus.” 2017. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Heino O. Fysiikan aineopintojen laboratoriotyöt 1 ja 2 -kurssien uudistus. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229094.

Council of Science Editors:

Heino O. Fysiikan aineopintojen laboratoriotyöt 1 ja 2 -kurssien uudistus. [Masters Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229094

University of Helsinki

25. Rosta, Kawa. Annoksen ja pinta-alan tulon (DAP) tarkkuus matalissa annoksissa.

Degree: Department of Physics; Helsingfors universitet, Matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för fysik, 2017, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229160

► Tässä työssä tarkastellaan annoksen ja pinta-alan tulon mittarin (DAP-mittarin) toimintaa ja käyttäytymistä pienissä säteilyannoksissa, jossa DAP-arvot ovat matalia. Lasten tutkimuksissa käytetään pieniä kuvausarvoja, jonka seurauksena… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysiikka; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rosta, K. (2017). Annoksen ja pinta-alan tulon (DAP) tarkkuus matalissa annoksissa. (Masters Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229160

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rosta, Kawa. “Annoksen ja pinta-alan tulon (DAP) tarkkuus matalissa annoksissa.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229160.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rosta, Kawa. “Annoksen ja pinta-alan tulon (DAP) tarkkuus matalissa annoksissa.” 2017. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Rosta K. Annoksen ja pinta-alan tulon (DAP) tarkkuus matalissa annoksissa. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229160.

Council of Science Editors:

Rosta K. Annoksen ja pinta-alan tulon (DAP) tarkkuus matalissa annoksissa. [Masters Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229160

University of Helsinki

26. Maconi, Göran Konstantin. Non-Destructive Controlled Single-Particle Light Scattering Measurement.

Degree: Department of Physics; Helsingfors universitet, Matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för fysik, 2017, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229161

► Light scattering measurements are important for characterizing small particles. The scattering data can replace simplified theoretical models in simulations, e.g. Mie scattering, providing significantly more… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysiikka; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Maconi, G. K. (2017). Non-Destructive Controlled Single-Particle Light Scattering Measurement. (Masters Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229161

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Maconi, Göran Konstantin. “Non-Destructive Controlled Single-Particle Light Scattering Measurement.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229161.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Maconi, Göran Konstantin. “Non-Destructive Controlled Single-Particle Light Scattering Measurement.” 2017. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Maconi GK. Non-Destructive Controlled Single-Particle Light Scattering Measurement. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229161.

Council of Science Editors:

Maconi GK. Non-Destructive Controlled Single-Particle Light Scattering Measurement. [Masters Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229161

University of Helsinki

27. Prittinen, Taneli. Continuous-wave and pulsed NMR measurements in 3He with a SQUID-based setup.

Degree: Department of Physics; Helsingfors universitet, Matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för fysik, 2017, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229171

► Tässä työssä kehitettiin SQUID-pohjainen laitteisto helium-3:lla tehtäviä NMR-mittauksia varten ja suoritettiin mittauksia sekä nk. jatkuvan aallon (continous wave) NMR:llä että pulssitetun aallon (pulsed wave) menetelmällä.… (more)

▼ Tässä työssä kehitettiin SQUID-pohjainen laitteisto helium-3:lla tehtäviä NMR-mittauksia varten ja suoritettiin mittauksia sekä nk. jatkuvan aallon (continous wave) NMR:llä että pulssitetun aallon (pulsed wave) menetelmällä. Helium-3:n korkean hinnan (n. 5000 euroa/litra) takia työssä käytettiin testitarkoituksiin NMR-materiaaleina myös fluoria sisältävää teflonia ja vetyä sisältävää jäätä. Laitteisto suunniteltiin ja rakennettiin Aalto-yliopiston O.V. Lounasmaa -laboratoriossa, nykyiseltä nimeltään Low Temperature Laboratory. NMR eli ydinmagneettinen resonanssi on ilmiö jossa ydinspinilliset atomiytimet sijoitetaan staattiseen magneettikenttään ja viritetään niitä ulkoisella sähkömagneettisella säteilyllä, jonka jälkeen niiden viritystila purkautuu vapauttaen NMR-signaalin. Tällä tavalla pystytään tutkimaan monia aineen eri ominaisuuksia. SQUID eli Superconducting Quantum Interference Detector taas on nimensä mukaisesti kvantti-interferenssiin perustuva laite, joka kykenee havaitsemaan erittäin pieniä magneettikenttiä. NMR:n yhteydessä se on tehokas esivahvistin, jonka avulla voidaan havaita hyvin pieniäkin signaaleja. Tässä työssä sillä on tarkoitus parantaa signaali-kohinasuhdetta verrattuna perinteisiin puolijohde-esivahvistimiin ja saada aikaan ilmaisin jolla voidaan mitata myös matalammilla taajuuksilla kuin tutkimusryhmällä on nykyisin käytössä. Suoritettujen mittausten perusteella laitteisto kykeni havaitsemaan NMR-signaalin jatkuvan aallon menetelmällä jokaisesta tutkitusta aineesta. Pulssitettuja mittauksia ei vielä toistaiseksi onnistuttu tekemään onnistuneesti johtuen heliumin pitkähköstä, n. 30 sekunnin, relaksaatioajasta joka teki pidemmistä mittaussarjoista vaikeita toteuttaa. Vastaavasti kahdella kiinteällä aineella, teflonilla ja jäällä, resonanssin leveys oli niin suuri että energian absorbointi pulsseilla näytteeseen olisi hankalaa ja tuottaisi signaaleja joiden pienuus tekisi niistä hankalasta havaittavia, joten näitä aineita tutkittiin tässä työssä vain jatkuvan aallon menetelmällä.

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysiikka; Fysik

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Prittinen, T. (2017). Continuous-wave and pulsed NMR measurements in 3He with a SQUID-based setup. (Masters Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229171

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Prittinen, Taneli. “Continuous-wave and pulsed NMR measurements in 3He with a SQUID-based setup.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229171.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Prittinen, Taneli. “Continuous-wave and pulsed NMR measurements in 3He with a SQUID-based setup.” 2017. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Prittinen T. Continuous-wave and pulsed NMR measurements in 3He with a SQUID-based setup. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229171.

Council of Science Editors:

Prittinen T. Continuous-wave and pulsed NMR measurements in 3He with a SQUID-based setup. [Masters Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229171

University of Helsinki

28. Martikainen, Laura. Diamond Radiation Detectors and their Quality Assurance Measurements for the TOTEM Upgrade.

Degree: Department of Physics; Helsingfors universitet, Matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för fysik, 2017, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229174

► Radiation detectors are devices used to detect ionizing radiation. They can be manufactured from different materials for different purposes. Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond detectors… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysiikka; Fysik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Martikainen, L. (2017). Diamond Radiation Detectors and their Quality Assurance Measurements for the TOTEM Upgrade. (Masters Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229174

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Martikainen, Laura. “Diamond Radiation Detectors and their Quality Assurance Measurements for the TOTEM Upgrade.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229174.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Martikainen, Laura. “Diamond Radiation Detectors and their Quality Assurance Measurements for the TOTEM Upgrade.” 2017. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Martikainen L. Diamond Radiation Detectors and their Quality Assurance Measurements for the TOTEM Upgrade. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229174.

Council of Science Editors:

Martikainen L. Diamond Radiation Detectors and their Quality Assurance Measurements for the TOTEM Upgrade. [Masters Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/229174

University of Helsinki

29. Nyrhinen, Mikko. Laskentamenetelmien vaikutus magneettikuvauksen relaksaatioaikoihin maksan ja sydämen rautapitoisuustutkimuksissa.

Degree: Department of Physics; Helsingfors universitet, Matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för fysik, 2014, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/230329

► Eräiden sairauksien sekä jatkuvien verensiirtojen seurauksena potilailla saattaa esiintyä poikkeuksellista raudan kertymistä elimistöön. Raudan kertyminen elinten peruskudoksiin voi aiheuttaa rautaperäisiä pysyviä kudosvaurioita. Magneettikuvauksen (MK) gradienttimonikaikusekvensseistä… (more)

▼ Eräiden sairauksien sekä jatkuvien verensiirtojen seurauksena potilailla saattaa esiintyä poikkeuksellista raudan kertymistä elimistöön. Raudan kertyminen elinten peruskudoksiin voi aiheuttaa rautaperäisiä pysyviä kudosvaurioita. Magneettikuvauksen (MK) gradienttimonikaikusekvensseistä saaduista kaikukuvista laskettujen T2*relaksaatioaikojen on havaittu lyhenevän elimistön rautapitoisuuden kasvaessa. Nykyään ei kuitenkaan ole vielä varmuutta parhaasta tavasta analysoida näitä kuvia.Työn tarkoituksena oli vertailla kirjallisuudessa esiteltyjä analyysitapoja T2*relaksaatioaikojen määrittämiseksi. Työssä tarkasteltiin, onko eri analyysimenetelmillä, ROIalueilla, sekvensseillä sekä sovitusmalleilla tilastollisesti merkittäviä eroja. Työssä tutkittiin myös maksan ja sydämen septumin rautapitoisuuden spatiaalista vaihtelua. Maksan ja sydämen potilasaineisto oli kuvattu käyttäen kahta 1,5 T magneettikuvauslaitetta: Siemens Avanto sekä Philips Achieva. Kaiken kaikkiaan työssä oli käytettävissä 57 leikesarjaa maksasta ja 9 leikesarjaa sydämestä. Työssä vertailtiin kahta erilaista sovitusalgoritmia: lineaarista pnssovitusta sekä epälineaarista LevenbergMarquardtalgoritmia. Työssä vertailtiin yhteensä viittä erilaista sovitusmallia: monoeksponentti, pohjatason vähännys, kohinan korjaus, katkaisu sekä tasoitusmallia. ROIpohjaisen analyysin lisäksi suoritettiin analyysi myös pikselikohtaisella menetelmällä käyttäen 3x3 sekä 5x5 keskiarvoistusta kohinan ja liikeartefaktojen vähentämiseksi. Pikselikohtaisesta menetelmästä tulokseksi saatuja T2*karttoja vertailtiin ROIpohjaisesta menetelmästä saatuihin tuloksiin. Tasoitusmallista saatiin parhaimmat sovitukset, kun taas monoeksponenttimallista lineaarisella sovituksella saatiin huonoimmat sovitukset. Sekä monoeksponenttimalli lineaarisella sovituksella että tasoitusmalli poikkesivat tilastollisesti merkittävästi muista sovitusmalleista. Työssä ei havaittu tilastollisesti merkittäviä eo ja ROIpohjaisen eikä pikselikohtaisen menetelmän välillä. Myöskään keskiarvoistuksella ei havaittu olevan tilastollisesti merkittävää vaikutusta.Työssä ei havaittu tilastollisesti merkittäviä eroja eri ROIalueiden eikä eri sekvenssien välillä. Työssä havaittiin monoeksponenttimallin lineaarisella sovituksella olevan huonoin sovitusmalli. Muilla sovitusmalleilla saatiin toisiaan lähellä olevia tuloksia kliinisesti mielenkiintoisilla T2*relaksaatiajoilla. Työssä havaittiin T2*karttojen olevan hyödyllinen apuväline maksan rautapitoisuuden määrittämiseksi. Sydämen tapauksessa ROIpohjainen menetelmä havaittiin pikselikohtaista menetelmää paremmaksi. Jatkotutkimuksissa menetelmää voitaneen kehittää parantamalla sovitusalgoritmeja, sovitusmalleja sekä pikselikohtaista menetelmää.

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysiikka; Fysik

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nyrhinen, M. (2014). Laskentamenetelmien vaikutus magneettikuvauksen relaksaatioaikoihin maksan ja sydämen rautapitoisuustutkimuksissa. (Masters Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/230329

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nyrhinen, Mikko. “Laskentamenetelmien vaikutus magneettikuvauksen relaksaatioaikoihin maksan ja sydämen rautapitoisuustutkimuksissa.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/230329.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nyrhinen, Mikko. “Laskentamenetelmien vaikutus magneettikuvauksen relaksaatioaikoihin maksan ja sydämen rautapitoisuustutkimuksissa.” 2014. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Nyrhinen M. Laskentamenetelmien vaikutus magneettikuvauksen relaksaatioaikoihin maksan ja sydämen rautapitoisuustutkimuksissa. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/230329.

Council of Science Editors:

Nyrhinen M. Laskentamenetelmien vaikutus magneettikuvauksen relaksaatioaikoihin maksan ja sydämen rautapitoisuustutkimuksissa. [Masters Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/230329

University of Helsinki

30. Chen, Xuemeng. Air ion balance in a boreal forest.

Degree: Department of Physics; Helsingfors universitet, Matematisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för fysik, 2014, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/230330

► The study of air ions by applying air balance concept based on the Hyytiälä SMEAR II station measurement was performed in this work. Diurnal and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Fysiikka; Fysik

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, X. (2014). Air ion balance in a boreal forest. (Masters Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/230330

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Xuemeng. “Air ion balance in a boreal forest.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed October 21, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/230330.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Xuemeng. “Air ion balance in a boreal forest.” 2014. Web. 21 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Chen X. Air ion balance in a boreal forest. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/230330.

Council of Science Editors:

Chen X. Air ion balance in a boreal forest. [Masters Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/230330

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