subject:(Fuel Injection)

Penn State University

1. Ye, Peng. Investigation of impact of fuel injection strategy and biodiesel fueling on engine emissions and performance.

Degree: 2011, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12663

► Both biodiesel fueling and changes of fuel injection pressure have significant impacts on diesel engine emissions. The investigations of their impacts on engine exhaust NOx… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: biodiesel; engine; efficiency; emissions; fuel injection strategy; fuel injection pressure

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ye, P. (2011). Investigation of impact of fuel injection strategy and biodiesel fueling on engine emissions and performance. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12663

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ye, Peng. “Investigation of impact of fuel injection strategy and biodiesel fueling on engine emissions and performance.” 2011. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12663.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ye, Peng. “Investigation of impact of fuel injection strategy and biodiesel fueling on engine emissions and performance.” 2011. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ye P. Investigation of impact of fuel injection strategy and biodiesel fueling on engine emissions and performance. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12663.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ye P. Investigation of impact of fuel injection strategy and biodiesel fueling on engine emissions and performance. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12663

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of New South Wales

2. Bao, Yongming. Effect of injection pressure on ethanol and gasoline sprays in a spark-ignition direct-injection engine.

Degree: Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, 2013, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53399 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12094/SOURCE02?view=true

► This study aims to clarify the spray development of ethanol, gasoline and iso-octane fuel, delivered by a multi-hole injector and spark-ignition direct-injection (SIDI) fuelling system.… (more)

▼ This study aims to clarify the spray development of ethanol, gasoline and iso-octane fuel, delivered by a multi-hole injector and spark-ignition direct-injection (SIDI) fuelling system. The focus is on how fuel properties and injection pressure impact temporal and spatial evolution of sprays at various ambient conditions. Two optical facilities were used: (1) a constant-flow spray chamber simulating cold-start conditions and (2) a single-cylinder SIDI engine running at normal, warmed-up operating conditions. In these optical facilities, Mie-scattering imaging is performed to measure penetrations of spray plumes at various injection pressures of 4, 7, 11 and 15 MPa. Experiments were first performed in the spray chamber to measure the spray tip penetration and penetration rate of ethanol, gasoline and iso-octane. It is observed that at 4 MPa injection pressure, the tip penetration length of ethanol sprays is shorter than that of gasoline sprays, likely due to lower injection velocity and increased nozzle loss associated with higher density and increased viscosity of ethanol, respectively. This assertion is further supported by the longest penetration length of iso-octane that has the lowest density among tested fuels and similar viscosity to gasoline. At higher injection pressure of 7 and 11 MPa, the penetration length difference between ethanol and gasoline sprays decreases and eventually ethanol sprays show a longer penetration length than that of gasoline sprays at the highest injection pressure of 15 MPa. This reversed trend is possibly because the penetration regime is changed such that the tip penetration is limited by aerodynamic drag force applied to fuel droplets, instead of the injection velocity or nozzle loss of the liquid jet. It is suggested that with increasing injection pressure, the fuel jet atomisation and droplet breakup enhance and therefore the lower aerodynamic drag associated with higher droplet size of ethanol sprays than that of gasoline sprays leads to a longer penetration length. The same trends of spray penetrations of ethanol, gasoline, and iso-octane are observed in the warmed optical engine with overall higher tip penetration length than that in the cold spray chamber primarily due to decreased air density and increased fuel temperature. In the same warmed optical engine, the effect of injection pressure on the structural transformation of flash-boiling sprays of gasoline and ethanol is investigated for two fuel injection timings of 90 and 300 crank angle degrees after top dead centre, corresponding to low and high ambient pressure conditions, respectively. The macroscopic spray structure was quantified using spray tip penetrations, spray spreading angles and spray areas. From the measurements, it is found that fuel sprays injected at the earlier injection timing, when the vapour pressure of the fuel is higher than the ambient pressure, show the convergence of the spray plumes towards the injector axis evidencing the flash-boiling phenomenon. By contrast, fuel injected at the later… Advisors/Committee Members: Kook, Sanghoon, Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Ethanol; Gasoline; Iso-octane fuel; Spark-ignition direct-injection (SIDI); Injection pressure; Spray; Fuel economy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bao, Y. (2013). Effect of injection pressure on ethanol and gasoline sprays in a spark-ignition direct-injection engine. (Masters Thesis). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53399 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12094/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bao, Yongming. “Effect of injection pressure on ethanol and gasoline sprays in a spark-ignition direct-injection engine.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of New South Wales. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53399 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12094/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bao, Yongming. “Effect of injection pressure on ethanol and gasoline sprays in a spark-ignition direct-injection engine.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Bao Y. Effect of injection pressure on ethanol and gasoline sprays in a spark-ignition direct-injection engine. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of New South Wales; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53399 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12094/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Bao Y. Effect of injection pressure on ethanol and gasoline sprays in a spark-ignition direct-injection engine. [Masters Thesis]. University of New South Wales; 2013. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53399 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12094/SOURCE02?view=true

West Virginia University

3. Phillips, John Adam. Investigation of Particle Measurement in Different Dilution Ratios with Gasoline Direct Injection and Port Fuel Injection.

Degree: MS, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, 2020, West Virginia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.7815 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7815

► Ambient air quality has been a concern in the United States since the mid-1900’s, forcing legislations like the Air Pollution Control Act and Clean… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Gasoline Direct Injection; Particle Measurement; Port Fuel Injection; Automotive Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Phillips, J. A. (2020). Investigation of Particle Measurement in Different Dilution Ratios with Gasoline Direct Injection and Port Fuel Injection. (Thesis). West Virginia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.7815 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7815

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Phillips, John Adam. “Investigation of Particle Measurement in Different Dilution Ratios with Gasoline Direct Injection and Port Fuel Injection.” 2020. Thesis, West Virginia University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.7815 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7815.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Phillips, John Adam. “Investigation of Particle Measurement in Different Dilution Ratios with Gasoline Direct Injection and Port Fuel Injection.” 2020. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Phillips JA. Investigation of Particle Measurement in Different Dilution Ratios with Gasoline Direct Injection and Port Fuel Injection. [Internet] [Thesis]. West Virginia University; 2020. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.7815 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7815.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Phillips JA. Investigation of Particle Measurement in Different Dilution Ratios with Gasoline Direct Injection and Port Fuel Injection. [Thesis]. West Virginia University; 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.7815 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7815

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Michigan

4. Medina, Mario. Experimental Studies of High-pressure Gasoline Fuel Sprays for Advanced Internal Combustion Engines.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2020, University of Michigan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/155095

► While much has been learned about gasoline direct injection sprays, there are still large gaps in the fundamental knowledge of the effects of high-pressure (over… (more)

▼ While much has been learned about gasoline direct injection sprays, there are still large gaps in the fundamental knowledge of the effects of high-pressure (over 500 bar) on gasoline sprays and on the role of fuel spray/nozzle interactions on particulate emissions. Particulate emissions are a critical concern for direct fuel injection spark-ignited engines, as future regulations may be difficult to meet without after-treatment. The objective of this dissertation was to quantitatively and qualitatively characterize fuel spray development for gasoline under engine-relevant conditions using non-intrusive optical techniques including high fuel injection pressures and canonical studies of the effects of internal flow structures on external spray development. Two experimental facilities were used to study high-pressure gasoline spray development and one experimental facility was used to study injector tip wetting and the effects on engine-out particulate emissions. Experiments were conducted at the University of Michigan with a constant volume chamber and diffuse backlit shadowgraph imaging for a range of chamber pressures (1 – 20 bar), injection pressures (300 – 1500 bar), and for several canonical fuel injector nozzle geometries including different nozzle exit diameters, converging and diverging nozzles, and rounded and abrupt inlet nozzles. The images were used to measure penetration distance and rate and spray angle as a function of time for each injection event, which are compared with results of previous experimental studies and simplified physics-based models that have been proposed in the literature. Trends in fuel spray development were similar to those observed previously for diesel sprays, which was unexpected given the significant differences in thermal-physical properties. Some abnormal spray features were identified and quantified, including spray flutter (i.e., asymmetric variation in spray angle). Injector internal flow characterization and spray development measurements were also performed at Centro Motores Termicos, an engine research division at the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV). Rate of injection, and momentum flux, were measured using two facilities and spray development was imaged using schlieren in another facility for a range of chamber pressures (5 – 30 bar), and injection pressures (600 – 1500 bar), and included vaporizing and non-vaporizing chamber temperatures of 400 – 800 K. The work revealed the important effect of internal flow transitions on injector performance, where nozzles with inlet rounding resulted in 20% higher mass flow rate compared with straight cylindrical nozzles. Spray momentum coefficients showed a negative trend with increased pressure differential indicating all nozzles were cavitating under all conditions tested. Lastly, trends in measured engine-out particulate number (PN) emissions were correlated as a function of a large array of fuel injectors, multiple engine architectures, and a large parametric space of operating conditions. PN was measured directly… Advisors/Committee Members: Wooldridge, Margaret S (committee member), Gamba, Mirko (committee member), Boehman, Andre L (committee member), Capecelatro, Jesse Samuel (committee member), Clack, Herek (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Fuel sprays; High pressure injection; Gasoline fuel; Mechanical Engineering; Transportation; Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Medina, M. (2020). Experimental Studies of High-pressure Gasoline Fuel Sprays for Advanced Internal Combustion Engines. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/155095

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Medina, Mario. “Experimental Studies of High-pressure Gasoline Fuel Sprays for Advanced Internal Combustion Engines.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/155095.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Medina, Mario. “Experimental Studies of High-pressure Gasoline Fuel Sprays for Advanced Internal Combustion Engines.” 2020. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Medina M. Experimental Studies of High-pressure Gasoline Fuel Sprays for Advanced Internal Combustion Engines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2020. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/155095.

Council of Science Editors:

Medina M. Experimental Studies of High-pressure Gasoline Fuel Sprays for Advanced Internal Combustion Engines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/155095

Anna University

5. Lakshmanan T. Experimental study on performance optimization of dual fuel engine using acetylene diesel fuel;.

Degree: 2013, Anna University

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11507

►

Concern about long-term supplies of conventional hydrocarbon based fuel and the growing awareness of environmental consequences of increasing exhaust emission products from automobile engines and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Experimental study; performance optimization; fuel engine; acetylene diesel fuel; injection technique

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APA (6^th Edition):

T, L. (2013). Experimental study on performance optimization of dual fuel engine using acetylene diesel fuel;. (Thesis). Anna University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11507

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

T, Lakshmanan. “Experimental study on performance optimization of dual fuel engine using acetylene diesel fuel;.” 2013. Thesis, Anna University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11507.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

T, Lakshmanan. “Experimental study on performance optimization of dual fuel engine using acetylene diesel fuel;.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

T L. Experimental study on performance optimization of dual fuel engine using acetylene diesel fuel;. [Internet] [Thesis]. Anna University; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11507.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

T L. Experimental study on performance optimization of dual fuel engine using acetylene diesel fuel;. [Thesis]. Anna University; 2013. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11507

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Toronto

6. West, Jonathan Philip. Numerical Analysis of Ethylene Injection in the Inlet of a Mach Six Scramjet.

Degree: 2011, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/29643

►

A scramjet inlet was designed for use on a small scale, Mach six, ethylene-fuelled vehicle. The inlet used strut-based cantilevered fuel injectors and a well-defined… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: scramjet; ethylene; hypersonic; fuel injection; fuel mixing; computational fluid dynamics; 0538

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APA (6^th Edition):

West, J. P. (2011). Numerical Analysis of Ethylene Injection in the Inlet of a Mach Six Scramjet. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/29643

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

West, Jonathan Philip. “Numerical Analysis of Ethylene Injection in the Inlet of a Mach Six Scramjet.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/29643.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

West, Jonathan Philip. “Numerical Analysis of Ethylene Injection in the Inlet of a Mach Six Scramjet.” 2011. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

West JP. Numerical Analysis of Ethylene Injection in the Inlet of a Mach Six Scramjet. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/29643.

Council of Science Editors:

West JP. Numerical Analysis of Ethylene Injection in the Inlet of a Mach Six Scramjet. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/29643

Brno University of Technology

7. Slavík, Tomáš. Vícebodové vstřikování paliva: Multi-point Injection.

Degree: 2019, Brno University of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11012/4829

► The main objective of this Bachelor degree thesis is to describe and to bring closer the function of the multiple fuel injection system (nebo the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: vstřikování; motor; palivo; spalování; zážeh; fuel injection; engine; fuel; combustion; ignition

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APA (6^th Edition):

Slavík, T. (2019). Vícebodové vstřikování paliva: Multi-point Injection. (Thesis). Brno University of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11012/4829

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Slavík, Tomáš. “Vícebodové vstřikování paliva: Multi-point Injection.” 2019. Thesis, Brno University of Technology. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11012/4829.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Slavík, Tomáš. “Vícebodové vstřikování paliva: Multi-point Injection.” 2019. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Slavík T. Vícebodové vstřikování paliva: Multi-point Injection. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brno University of Technology; 2019. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11012/4829.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Slavík T. Vícebodové vstřikování paliva: Multi-point Injection. [Thesis]. Brno University of Technology; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11012/4829

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Iowa

8. Burkhalter, Matthew W. Atomization and mixing performance of swirl-venturi lean direct injection.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2014, University of Iowa

URL: https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1433

► This paper investigated the effects of swirl number and momentum ratio on the atomization and mixing performance of Swirl-Venturi Lean Direct Injection technology. Mie… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: publicabstract; Atomization; Fuel injection; Lean Direct Injection; Mie scattering; Mixing; Sprays; Mechanical Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Burkhalter, M. W. (2014). Atomization and mixing performance of swirl-venturi lean direct injection. (Masters Thesis). University of Iowa. Retrieved from https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1433

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Burkhalter, Matthew W. “Atomization and mixing performance of swirl-venturi lean direct injection.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Iowa. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1433.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Burkhalter, Matthew W. “Atomization and mixing performance of swirl-venturi lean direct injection.” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Burkhalter MW. Atomization and mixing performance of swirl-venturi lean direct injection. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Iowa; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1433.

Council of Science Editors:

Burkhalter MW. Atomization and mixing performance of swirl-venturi lean direct injection. [Masters Thesis]. University of Iowa; 2014. Available from: https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1433

Michigan Technological University

9. Schroeter, Robert A. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE POST INJECTION BEHAVIOR OF GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION FUEL INJECTORS.

Degree: PhD, Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, 2019, Michigan Technological University

URL: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/903

► The characteristics of gasoline sprayed directly into combustion chambers are of critical importance to engine out emissions and combustion system development. The optimization of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: direct injection; closing behavior; post injection; fuel droplets; Automotive Engineering; Heat Transfer, Combustion

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APA (6^th Edition):

Schroeter, R. A. (2019). CHARACTERIZATION OF THE POST INJECTION BEHAVIOR OF GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION FUEL INJECTORS. (Doctoral Dissertation). Michigan Technological University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/903

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schroeter, Robert A. “CHARACTERIZATION OF THE POST INJECTION BEHAVIOR OF GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION FUEL INJECTORS.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Michigan Technological University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/903.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schroeter, Robert A. “CHARACTERIZATION OF THE POST INJECTION BEHAVIOR OF GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION FUEL INJECTORS.” 2019. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Schroeter RA. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE POST INJECTION BEHAVIOR OF GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION FUEL INJECTORS. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Michigan Technological University; 2019. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/903.

Council of Science Editors:

Schroeter RA. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE POST INJECTION BEHAVIOR OF GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION FUEL INJECTORS. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Michigan Technological University; 2019. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/903

University of Tennessee – Knoxville

10. Williams, Nehemiah Joel. Numerical Investigations of a High Frequency Pulsed Gaseous Fuel Jet Injection into a Supersonic Crossflow.

Degree: 2016, University of Tennessee – Knoxville

URL: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3979

► The investigation of fuel delivery mechanisms is a critical design point in the development of supersonic combustion ramjet (scramjet) technology. Primary challenges include proper penetration… (more)

▼ The investigation of fuel delivery mechanisms is a critical design point in the development of supersonic combustion ramjet (scramjet) technology. Primary challenges include proper penetration of the jet in the supersonic cross-flow while keeping total pressure losses and wall drag to a minimum. To reduce drag and heat loads especially at high burner entry Mach numbers it is desirable to use a minimally intrusive means of fuel delivery. Pulsation of gaseous jets has been shown to increase penetration and mixing in subsonic flows. A limited number of experimental studies and even fewer numerical studies have suggested that when applied to supersonic crossflows, gaseous jets pulsed in the kilohertz range of frequencies improve jet penetration and mixing. To improve on the limited number of numerical studies of pulsed jets in supersonic crossflows (PJISF), 2D and 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation models of non-excited (steady) and sinusoidally excited (pulsed) jets were constructed using ANSYS FLUENT 15.0. The 2D results included pulsation at 8, 16, 32 and 48 kHz. These simulation results showed that pulsation at 16 kHz provided the best penetration improvement in the jet near field and far field among all frequencies sampled. A 3D wall-modeled Large Eddy Simulation (WMLES) was constructed with the goals resolving large scale turbulent flow structure and time evolution of a jet pulsed in a supersonic crossflow, as well as to compare the effects of sinusoidal pulsation at 16 kHz with steady injection for the same flow conditions as the 2D case. A comparison of the jet trajectories between the steady and pulsed injection cases demonstrated that for sinusoidal pulsation of a jet at 16 kHz over the equivalent cycle averaged injection total pressure and momentum flux ratio, pressure, jet penetration is improved over the steady jet, up to 50% in the near field of the jet. Furthermore, improved mass concentration decay associated with jet-crossflow mixing and far field total pressure recovery has been demonstrated as a result of pulsation of the jet.

Subjects/Keywords: Pulsed Injection; Supersonic Crossflows; Scramjet Fuel Injection; Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics; Propulsion and Power

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APA (6^th Edition):

Williams, N. J. (2016). Numerical Investigations of a High Frequency Pulsed Gaseous Fuel Jet Injection into a Supersonic Crossflow. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3979

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Williams, Nehemiah Joel. “Numerical Investigations of a High Frequency Pulsed Gaseous Fuel Jet Injection into a Supersonic Crossflow.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3979.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Williams, Nehemiah Joel. “Numerical Investigations of a High Frequency Pulsed Gaseous Fuel Jet Injection into a Supersonic Crossflow.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Williams NJ. Numerical Investigations of a High Frequency Pulsed Gaseous Fuel Jet Injection into a Supersonic Crossflow. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3979.

Council of Science Editors:

Williams NJ. Numerical Investigations of a High Frequency Pulsed Gaseous Fuel Jet Injection into a Supersonic Crossflow. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2016. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3979

Universitat Politècnica de València

11. Carreres Talens, Marcos. Thermal effects influence on the Diesel injector performance through a combined 1D modelling and experimental approach .

Degree: 2016, Universitat Politècnica de València

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73066

► [EN] The injection system is one of the topics that has been paid most attention to by researchers in the field of direct injection diesel… (more)

▼ [EN] The injection system is one of the topics that has been paid most attention to by researchers in the field of direct injection diesel engines, due to its key role on fuel atomization, vaporization and air-fuel mixing process, which directly affect fuel consumption, noise irradiation and pollutant emissions. The increasing injection pressures in modern engines have propitiated the need of studying phenomena such as cavitation, compressible flow or the effect of changes in the fuel properties along the process, whose relative importance was lower in early stages of the reciprocating engines development. The small dimensions of the injector ducts, the high velocities achieved through them and the transient nature of the process hinder the direct observation of these facts. Computational tools have then provided invaluable help in the field. The objective of the present thesis is to analyse the influence of the thermal effects on the performance of a diesel injector. To this end, the fuel temperature variation through the injector restrictions must be estimated. The influence of these changes on the fuel thermophyisical properties relevant for the injection system also needs to be assessed, due to its impact on injector dynamics and the injection rate shape. In order to give answer to the previous objectives, both experimental and computational techniques have been employed. A dimensional and a hydraulic experimental characterization of a solenoid-actuated Bosch CRI 2.20 injector has been carried out, including rate of injection measurements at a wide range of operating conditions, with special attention to the fuel temperature control. A 1D computational model of the injector has been implemented in order to confirm and further extend the findings from the experiments. Local variations of fuel temperature and pressure are considered by the model thanks to the assumption of adiabatic flow, for which the experimental characterization of the fuel properties at high pressure also had to be performed. The limits of the validity of this assumption have been carefully assessed in the study. Results show a significant influence of the fuel temperature at the injector inlet on injection rate and duration, attributed to the effect of the variation of the fuel properties and to the fact that the injector remains in ballistic operation for most of its real operating conditions. Fuel temperature changes along the injector control orifices are able to importantly modify its dynamic behaviour. In addition, if the fuel at the injector inlet is at room temperature or above, the temperature at the nozzle outlet has not been proved to importantly change once steady-state conditions are achieved. However, a significant heating may take place for fuel temperatures at the injector inlet typical of cold-start conditions.; [ES] El sistema de inyección es uno de los elementos que más interés ha despertado en la investigación en el campo de los motores diésel de inyección directa, debido a su papel clave en la atomización y vaporización del… Advisors/Committee Members: Salvador Rubio, Francisco Javier (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Diesel; Injection; Diesel Injection; Experimental; Modelling; 1D modelling; Computational; Thermal effects; Fuel temperature; Fuel heating; Cold start; Adiabatic flow

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APA (6^th Edition):

Carreres Talens, M. (2016). Thermal effects influence on the Diesel injector performance through a combined 1D modelling and experimental approach . (Doctoral Dissertation). Universitat Politècnica de València. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73066

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Carreres Talens, Marcos. “Thermal effects influence on the Diesel injector performance through a combined 1D modelling and experimental approach .” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Universitat Politècnica de València. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73066.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Carreres Talens, Marcos. “Thermal effects influence on the Diesel injector performance through a combined 1D modelling and experimental approach .” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Carreres Talens M. Thermal effects influence on the Diesel injector performance through a combined 1D modelling and experimental approach . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universitat Politècnica de València; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73066.

Council of Science Editors:

Carreres Talens M. Thermal effects influence on the Diesel injector performance through a combined 1D modelling and experimental approach . [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universitat Politècnica de València; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73066

Brno University of Technology

12. Kovářová, Lucie. Palivová vstřikovací čerpadla vznětových motorů: Fuel injection pumps for diesel engines.

Degree: 2019, Brno University of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11012/60164

► Bachelor thesis about "Fuel injection pumps for diesel engines," deals with fuel injection pumps for diesel engines and their development. The goal of this thesis… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Vstřikovací čerpadlo; vznětový motor; vstřikovací tlak; dávka paliva; Injection pump; diesel engine; fuel injection pressure; fuel delivery

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kovářová, L. (2019). Palivová vstřikovací čerpadla vznětových motorů: Fuel injection pumps for diesel engines. (Thesis). Brno University of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11012/60164

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kovářová, Lucie. “Palivová vstřikovací čerpadla vznětových motorů: Fuel injection pumps for diesel engines.” 2019. Thesis, Brno University of Technology. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11012/60164.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kovářová, Lucie. “Palivová vstřikovací čerpadla vznětových motorů: Fuel injection pumps for diesel engines.” 2019. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Kovářová L. Palivová vstřikovací čerpadla vznětových motorů: Fuel injection pumps for diesel engines. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brno University of Technology; 2019. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11012/60164.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kovářová L. Palivová vstřikovací čerpadla vznětových motorů: Fuel injection pumps for diesel engines. [Thesis]. Brno University of Technology; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11012/60164

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

NSYSU

13. Chen, Chung-ying. Low-Emission Engine and Fuel Technology for Motorcycle.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, 2013, NSYSU

URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0201113-161410

► The purpose of this research is to apply an adaptive fuel injection control algorithm on a motorcycle engine and evaluate its performance. A highly nonlinear… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: SI engines; motorcycle; spark-ignition engine; Fuel Injection system; nonlinear control; water-fuel emulsions

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, C. (2013). Low-Emission Engine and Fuel Technology for Motorcycle. (Doctoral Dissertation). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0201113-161410

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Chung-ying. “Low-Emission Engine and Fuel Technology for Motorcycle.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, NSYSU. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0201113-161410.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Chung-ying. “Low-Emission Engine and Fuel Technology for Motorcycle.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Chen C. Low-Emission Engine and Fuel Technology for Motorcycle. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. NSYSU; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0201113-161410.

Council of Science Editors:

Chen C. Low-Emission Engine and Fuel Technology for Motorcycle. [Doctoral Dissertation]. NSYSU; 2013. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0201113-161410

Iowa State University

14. Gross, Christopher Wolfgang. Combustion and emissions characteristics of a compression-ignition engine using ammonia-DME mixtures.

Degree: 2012, Iowa State University

URL: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/12589

► In this study operating characteristics of a compression-ignition engine using mixtures of ammonia and dimethyl ether (DME) are investigated. Ammonia can be regarded as a… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: altenative fuel; ammonia combustion; compression ignition engine; direct injection; non-carbon fuel; Mechanical Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gross, C. W. (2012). Combustion and emissions characteristics of a compression-ignition engine using ammonia-DME mixtures. (Thesis). Iowa State University. Retrieved from https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/12589

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gross, Christopher Wolfgang. “Combustion and emissions characteristics of a compression-ignition engine using ammonia-DME mixtures.” 2012. Thesis, Iowa State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/12589.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gross, Christopher Wolfgang. “Combustion and emissions characteristics of a compression-ignition engine using ammonia-DME mixtures.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Gross CW. Combustion and emissions characteristics of a compression-ignition engine using ammonia-DME mixtures. [Internet] [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/12589.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gross CW. Combustion and emissions characteristics of a compression-ignition engine using ammonia-DME mixtures. [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2012. Available from: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/12589

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

15. Wigg, Benjamin R. A study on the emissions of butanol using a spark ignition engine and their reduction using electrostatically assisted injection.

Degree: MS, 0133, 2011, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24172

► Butanol is a potential alternative to ethanol and offers many benefits including a much higher heating value and lower latent heat of vaporization. It also… (more)

▼ Butanol is a potential alternative to ethanol and offers many benefits including a much higher heating value and lower latent heat of vaporization. It also has a higher cetane number than ethanol and improved miscibility in diesel fuel. Additionally, butanol is less corrosive and less prone to water absorption than ethanol, which allows it to be transported using the existing fuel supply pipelines. However, while some previous research on the emissions of butanol-gasoline blends is available, little research exists on the emissions of neat butanol. This thesis focuses on two areas of study. The first area relates to on the comparison of UHC, NOx, and CO emissions of several butanol-gasoline and ethanol-gasoline blended fuels during combustion in an SI engine. The objective was to compare the emissions of butanol combustion to the ones of ethanol and gasoline. The second part of the study relates to the use of electrostatically assisted injection as a means of reducing the UHC emissions of butanol by decreasing the fuel droplet size using a charge electrode and extraction ring designed for a port fuel injector. Emissions measurements taken with and without a charge applied to the injector were used to determine the effect of applying a voltage to the fuel spray on engine emissions. It was established that the UHC emissions of neat butanol were approximately double the UHC emissions of gasoline and were appreciably higher than ethanol. CO emissions decreased and NOx emissions increased as the amount of butanol in gasoline was increased. Additionally, the CO emissions of butanol were lower than ethanol while it was not clear whether butanol had increased or decreased NOx emissions. It was also established that addition of 25% ethanol to butanol resulted in UHC emissions that were approximately 33% higher than those of neat butanol despite ethanol producing approximately 33% less UHC emissions than butanol. The results of the electrostatically assisted injection tests showed that, at certain engine operating conditions, application of 2000 V to the fuel spray resulted in a 10% increase in peak cylinder pressure, 4% reduction in UHC emissions, a 13.5% increase in NOx emissions, and a 13.5% reduction in CO emissions, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the voltage increased fuel atomization. However, tests at lower engine loads showed results contradictory to those at the higher engine load which suggested that the fuel droplet size may vary depending on engine operating conditions. Advisors/Committee Members: Kyritsis, Dimitrios C. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Butanol; Electrospray; Spark Ignition (SI) Engine; Electrostatic Injection; Alternative Fuels; Fuel Spray; Fuel Injector; Ethanol

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wigg, B. R. (2011). A study on the emissions of butanol using a spark ignition engine and their reduction using electrostatically assisted injection. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24172

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wigg, Benjamin R. “A study on the emissions of butanol using a spark ignition engine and their reduction using electrostatically assisted injection.” 2011. Thesis, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24172.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wigg, Benjamin R. “A study on the emissions of butanol using a spark ignition engine and their reduction using electrostatically assisted injection.” 2011. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Wigg BR. A study on the emissions of butanol using a spark ignition engine and their reduction using electrostatically assisted injection. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24172.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wigg BR. A study on the emissions of butanol using a spark ignition engine and their reduction using electrostatically assisted injection. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24172

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Anna University

16. Kumaresan M. Experimental investigation on the characteristics of diesel oxygenated fuel blends in a di diesel engine using two spring split injection;.

Degree: 2013, Anna University

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11508

►

Diesel engines are efficient prime movers for heavy duty vehicles, so they have attracted many automobile and research institutions for their use as main prime… (more)

▼

Diesel engines are efficient prime movers for heavy duty vehicles, so they have attracted many automobile and research institutions for their use as main prime movers of vehicles. Considerable research has been carried out on the applicability of such engines to light duty vehicles and small engines. In pilot injection, a small amount of fuel injected during the ignition delay period is a means of reducing diesel knock and the pilot injection is used to shorten the ignition delay and to control the rapid pressure rise. In this present work, experimental investigation was carried out using eddy current dynamometer to investigate the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of diesel and diesel- oxygenated compounds blends such as DEC, EAA and DEG in the proportions of 5%, 7% and 10%. by volume in a direct injection single cylinder diesel engine using standard single injection and two spring split injection. The final conclusions obtained from the experimental analysis are: 1. Among the three oxygenates the 10%DEC oxygenated blends show optimum performance for both the standard single and two spring split injection 2. Considering the emission parameters 10%DEC oxygenated blends with injection timing of 270 bTDC is found to be the best for two spring split injection method compared to single injection method. 3. The split injection concept using two spring injector is useful for the reduction of NOx emission and also better than the other two oxygenates with respect to the performance characteristics such as brake thermal efficiency, and SFC. By split injection concept the combustion characteristics such as cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise, heat release rate and cumulative heat release show optimum results. 4. It is concluded that10%DEC-diesel oxygenated blend is found to be better with 29.3% of Brake thermal efficiency, 1.32 g/kW.hr of NOx emission and 36%opacity of smoke level with two spring split injection at an Injection timings of270 bTDC. newline newline newline

Appendices 1 to 4: pp.157-161

Advisors/Committee Members: Devaradjane, G..

Subjects/Keywords: Diesel oxygenated; fuel blends; diesel engine; spring split injection

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APA (6^th Edition):

M, K. (2013). Experimental investigation on the characteristics of diesel oxygenated fuel blends in a di diesel engine using two spring split injection;. (Thesis). Anna University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11508

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

M, Kumaresan. “Experimental investigation on the characteristics of diesel oxygenated fuel blends in a di diesel engine using two spring split injection;.” 2013. Thesis, Anna University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11508.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

M, Kumaresan. “Experimental investigation on the characteristics of diesel oxygenated fuel blends in a di diesel engine using two spring split injection;.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

M K. Experimental investigation on the characteristics of diesel oxygenated fuel blends in a di diesel engine using two spring split injection;. [Internet] [Thesis]. Anna University; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11508.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

M K. Experimental investigation on the characteristics of diesel oxygenated fuel blends in a di diesel engine using two spring split injection;. [Thesis]. Anna University; 2013. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11508

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Anna University

17. Saravanan N. Experimental investigation on hydrogen fuel injection in di diesel engine;.

Degree: Experimental investigation on hydrogen fuel injection in di diesel engine, 2014, Anna University

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/31121

►

During the past two decades considerable effort has been taken to newlinedevelop and introduce alternative source of energy for the conventional newlinegasoline and diesel Environmental… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: di diesel engine; hydrogen fuel injection; mechanical engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

N, S. (2014). Experimental investigation on hydrogen fuel injection in di diesel engine;. (Thesis). Anna University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/31121

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

N, Saravanan. “Experimental investigation on hydrogen fuel injection in di diesel engine;.” 2014. Thesis, Anna University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/31121.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

N, Saravanan. “Experimental investigation on hydrogen fuel injection in di diesel engine;.” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

N S. Experimental investigation on hydrogen fuel injection in di diesel engine;. [Internet] [Thesis]. Anna University; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/31121.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

N S. Experimental investigation on hydrogen fuel injection in di diesel engine;. [Thesis]. Anna University; 2014. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/31121

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Waterloo

18. Pereira, Aaron. Investigation of Direct Injection Fuel Sprays in High Velocity Air Flows.

Degree: 2013, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8007

► The study of single-plume sprays into cross-flowing air is found extensively in literature, however, with the continued development of the Spark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI)… (more)

▼ The study of single-plume sprays into cross-flowing air is found extensively in literature, however, with the continued development of the Spark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI) engine, the behaviour of multi-plume sprays in cross-flowing conditions is of interest. In the present work, the injection of a multi-plume spray into a high-velocity cross-flow is investigated; an experimental apparatus capable of providing a cross-flow with core velocities higher than 200 m/s is developed; analysis techniques are developed to characterize the cross-flow and multi-plume spray independently; the multi-plume spray is characterized as it issues into the cross-flowing air. The round air jet used for the cross-flow was designed using the concepts put forth for the design of wind tunnel contractions. The axial and radial velocities were measured using a Particle Image Velocimetry system from LaVision Inc. and the potential core length determined for the core velocities corresponding to Mach numbers of 0.35 and 0.58. It was determined that the potential core length increases with increasing Mach number and that increased compressibility, leads to reduced mixing within the core. Furthermore, velocity profiles of the air jet show that self-similarity is preserved within the shear layer of the initial region. The multi-plume spray was also characterized in quiescent conditions for 10 and 15 MPa injection pressures. It was found that the penetration depth and spray width increased with increasing injection pressure, but that the spray angle decreased with increasing pressure. The increase in penetration depth is consistent with the findings presented in literature, while the decrease in spray angle with increasing pressure is contrary to literature. Next, the multi-plume spray, injected at 10 and 15 MPa, is characterized as it issues into the cross-flowing air stream at Mach numbers equal to 0.35 and 0.58. The tail length and penetration are measured and it is found that for the first, the cross-flow velocity is the primary factor with higher cross-flow velocity resulting in a longer tail length, while for the latter, the injection pressure is the major factor, with higher injection pressures resulting in higher penetrations. That being said, the injection pressure does play a small role in the tail length, with the 15 MPa injection having a slightly longer tail length than the 10 MPa injection in the Mach number 0.58 cross-flow. This is attributed to the finer atomization, which is expected from the 15 MPa injection and which leads to quicker entrainment of fuel droplets into the cross-flow. The spray axis was predicted for each set of conditions from 0.1 ms to 1.0 ms after Start of Fuel (SOF). It was found that before 0.3 ms, the spray retains its multi-plume nature, while after 0.3 ms it behaves like a single-plume spray. Once the spray has crossed this transition point, the spray axis is temporally independent and can be predicted by the logarithmic models, similar to those used for single-plume sprays in…

Subjects/Keywords: Direct Injection; Cross-flow; Fuel Spray; Multi-plume

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pereira, A. (2013). Investigation of Direct Injection Fuel Sprays in High Velocity Air Flows. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8007

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pereira, Aaron. “Investigation of Direct Injection Fuel Sprays in High Velocity Air Flows.” 2013. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8007.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pereira, Aaron. “Investigation of Direct Injection Fuel Sprays in High Velocity Air Flows.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Pereira A. Investigation of Direct Injection Fuel Sprays in High Velocity Air Flows. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8007.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pereira A. Investigation of Direct Injection Fuel Sprays in High Velocity Air Flows. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8007

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Windsor

19. LeBlanc, Simon. Spray Characteristics of Dimethyl Ether in a Direct Injection Application.

Degree: MA, Mechanical, Automotive, and Materials Engineering, 2019, University of Windsor

URL: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7786

► The primary objective of this thesis is to analyze the spray characteristics and behaviour of dimethyl ether (DME) in a high-pressure direct injection application.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Alternative Fuels; Dimethyl Ether; Direct Injection; Fuel; Spray

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APA (6^th Edition):

LeBlanc, S. (2019). Spray Characteristics of Dimethyl Ether in a Direct Injection Application. (Masters Thesis). University of Windsor. Retrieved from https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7786

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

LeBlanc, Simon. “Spray Characteristics of Dimethyl Ether in a Direct Injection Application.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Windsor. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7786.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

LeBlanc, Simon. “Spray Characteristics of Dimethyl Ether in a Direct Injection Application.” 2019. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

LeBlanc S. Spray Characteristics of Dimethyl Ether in a Direct Injection Application. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Windsor; 2019. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7786.

Council of Science Editors:

LeBlanc S. Spray Characteristics of Dimethyl Ether in a Direct Injection Application. [Masters Thesis]. University of Windsor; 2019. Available from: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7786

Loughborough University

20. Adcock, Paul L. Microprocessor control of fuel injection in diesel engines.

Degree: PhD, 1984, Loughborough University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/32009

The research work presented in this thesis is concerned with an investigation of fuel management of diesel engines for the purposes of developing control schemes to improve fuel consumption, exhaust emissions and engine controllability.

Subjects/Keywords: 621.43; Diesel engine fuel injection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Adcock, P. L. (1984). Microprocessor control of fuel injection in diesel engines. (Doctoral Dissertation). Loughborough University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2134/32009

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Adcock, Paul L. “Microprocessor control of fuel injection in diesel engines.” 1984. Doctoral Dissertation, Loughborough University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2134/32009.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Adcock, Paul L. “Microprocessor control of fuel injection in diesel engines.” 1984. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Adcock PL. Microprocessor control of fuel injection in diesel engines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Loughborough University; 1984. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/32009.

Council of Science Editors:

Adcock PL. Microprocessor control of fuel injection in diesel engines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Loughborough University; 1984. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/32009

University of Kansas

21. Flesberg, Sonja. Mixing Enhancement in a Scramjet Combustor Using Fuel Jet Injection Swirl.

Degree: PhD, Aerospace Engineering, 2015, University of Kansas

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19380

► The scramjet engine has proven to be a viable means of powering a hypersonic vehicle, especially after successful flights of the X-51 WaveRider and various… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Aerospace engineering; fuel jet injection swirl; mixing enhancement; scramjet combustion

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APA (6^th Edition):

Flesberg, S. (2015). Mixing Enhancement in a Scramjet Combustor Using Fuel Jet Injection Swirl. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Kansas. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19380

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Flesberg, Sonja. “Mixing Enhancement in a Scramjet Combustor Using Fuel Jet Injection Swirl.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Kansas. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19380.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Flesberg, Sonja. “Mixing Enhancement in a Scramjet Combustor Using Fuel Jet Injection Swirl.” 2015. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Flesberg S. Mixing Enhancement in a Scramjet Combustor Using Fuel Jet Injection Swirl. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Kansas; 2015. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19380.

Council of Science Editors:

Flesberg S. Mixing Enhancement in a Scramjet Combustor Using Fuel Jet Injection Swirl. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Kansas; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19380

Utah State University

22. Marshall, Joel H. Thrust Augmented Nozzle for a Hybrid Rocket with a Helical Fuel Port.

Degree: MS, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, 2018, Utah State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6915

► A thrust augmented nozzle for hybrid rocket systems is investigated. The design lever-ages 3-D additive manufacturing to embed a helical fuel port into the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: hrust augmentation; hybrid rocket; secondary injection; helical fuel port; Aerospace Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Marshall, J. H. (2018). Thrust Augmented Nozzle for a Hybrid Rocket with a Helical Fuel Port. (Masters Thesis). Utah State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6915

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marshall, Joel H. “Thrust Augmented Nozzle for a Hybrid Rocket with a Helical Fuel Port.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Utah State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6915.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marshall, Joel H. “Thrust Augmented Nozzle for a Hybrid Rocket with a Helical Fuel Port.” 2018. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Marshall JH. Thrust Augmented Nozzle for a Hybrid Rocket with a Helical Fuel Port. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Utah State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6915.

Council of Science Editors:

Marshall JH. Thrust Augmented Nozzle for a Hybrid Rocket with a Helical Fuel Port. [Masters Thesis]. Utah State University; 2018. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6915

Michigan State University

23. Gu, Mengyan. Modeling and control of a Gasoline Direct Injection fuel system.

Degree: 2015, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:3614

►

Fuel economy and emissions are the two main concerns to many automobile engineers. The Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) fuel systems are widely used in internal… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Automobiles – Motors – Fuel injection systems; Spark ignition engines – Technological innovations; Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gu, M. (2015). Modeling and control of a Gasoline Direct Injection fuel system. (Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:3614

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gu, Mengyan. “Modeling and control of a Gasoline Direct Injection fuel system.” 2015. Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:3614.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gu, Mengyan. “Modeling and control of a Gasoline Direct Injection fuel system.” 2015. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Gu M. Modeling and control of a Gasoline Direct Injection fuel system. [Internet] [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:3614.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gu M. Modeling and control of a Gasoline Direct Injection fuel system. [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2015. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:3614

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

24. 小山, 哲司; コヤマ, テツジ. レーザドップラ式流量計による高圧燃料噴射率計測に関する研究 : Study on High Pressure Fuel Injection Rate Measurement with a Flow Rate Meter Based on Laser Doppler Anemometer.

Degree: 博士（工学）, 2016, Gunma University / 群馬大学

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10087/10165

学位記番号：工博甲508号

Subjects/Keywords: Gasoline Direct injection engine; Fuel Injection; Fuel Injection Rate; Laser Doppler Anemometry

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APA (6^th Edition):

小山, 哲司; コヤマ, �. (2016). レーザドップラ式流量計による高圧燃料噴射率計測に関する研究 : Study on High Pressure Fuel Injection Rate Measurement with a Flow Rate Meter Based on Laser Doppler Anemometer. (Thesis). Gunma University / 群馬大学. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10087/10165

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

小山, 哲司; コヤマ, テツジ. “レーザドップラ式流量計による高圧燃料噴射率計測に関する研究 : Study on High Pressure Fuel Injection Rate Measurement with a Flow Rate Meter Based on Laser Doppler Anemometer.” 2016. Thesis, Gunma University / 群馬大学. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10087/10165.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

小山, 哲司; コヤマ, テツジ. “レーザドップラ式流量計による高圧燃料噴射率計測に関する研究 : Study on High Pressure Fuel Injection Rate Measurement with a Flow Rate Meter Based on Laser Doppler Anemometer.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

小山, 哲司; コヤマ �. レーザドップラ式流量計による高圧燃料噴射率計測に関する研究 : Study on High Pressure Fuel Injection Rate Measurement with a Flow Rate Meter Based on Laser Doppler Anemometer. [Internet] [Thesis]. Gunma University / 群馬大学; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10087/10165.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

小山, 哲司; コヤマ �. レーザドップラ式流量計による高圧燃料噴射率計測に関する研究 : Study on High Pressure Fuel Injection Rate Measurement with a Flow Rate Meter Based on Laser Doppler Anemometer. [Thesis]. Gunma University / 群馬大学; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10087/10165

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul

25. Andreoli, Alexandre Giordani. Análise e simulação de mapas base de injeção eletrônica de combustível para motores de ignição a centelha.

Degree: 2012, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/75756

►

Uma nova metodologia para a criação de mapas base de injeção eletrônica de combustível para motores de combustão interna de ignição a centelha é apresentada… (more)

▼

Uma nova metodologia para a criação de mapas base de injeção eletrônica de combustível para motores de combustão interna de ignição a centelha é apresentada e seu comportamento é comparado com os resultados fornecidos pela metodologia MVEM. A partir da utilização de equacionamentos da literatura, é feita uma modelagem do ciclo ideal Otto para um motor genérico alternativo monocilíndrico de 500 cm³ de volume deslocado. É modelada também uma válvula do tipo borboleta genérica de 0,06 m³ de diâmetro que opera tanto em regime subsônico quanto sônico. A pressão à jusante da borboleta é calculada para aberturas de 5° a 88,64°. Os modelos são acoplados a partir da vazão mássica de ar admitida, que é o parâmetro principal, sendo programados e simulados usando o programa comercial EES. O mapa base de pressão por abertura de borboleta por rotação resultante mostra o detalhe de descontinuidade pelo uso das equações de vazão mássica juntamente com a imposta pelas equações de coeficiente de descarga, implicando na mudança brusca de valores de pressão calculados para a região de abertura menor que 20%. O mapa de vazão mássica de combustível por rotação e por abertura de borboleta para uma razão estequiométrica de 14,67 também é gerado. Nele é possível observar a demanda por vazão mássica de combustível para cada rotação e abertura da válvula borboleta mostrando o caminho a ser seguido pelo motor para que seja atingida a vazão mássica necessária para obter-se a relação ar/combustível desejada. A metodologia proposta gera mapas base de combustível para módulos de injeção eletrônica. Os resultados são apresentados na forma de gráficos. O modelo produz resultados satisfatórios, reproduzindo o comportamento da válvula borboleta, comparado com a literatura.

A new methodology for EMS base maps to the internal combustion spark ignition engines is presented. Its behavior is compared with results from the MVEM methodology. From the technical literature an ideal Otto cycle for a generic reciprocating single cylinder engine with 500 cm³ of displaced volume. Also, throttle valve with a diameter of 0.06 m of diameter operating in subsonic and sonic flow regime is modeled. The downstream pressure is calculated for throttle openings of 5° to 88.64°. The models are coupled using the engine air mass flow rate as the main parameter, being programmed and simulated using a commercial EES software. The base map of pressure versus throttle opening and engine speed shows the discontinuity detail imposed from the mass flow and discharge coefficient equations, resulting into a abrupt change of pressure values calculated for an opening region less than 20%. The fuel mass flow versus revolutions per minute versus throttle valve opening for stoichiometric air fuel ratio of 14.67 is also generated. In such map it is possible to show the fuel mass flow demand for each rotation and throttle opening showing the path to be followed by the engine to reach the mass air flow needed to reach the target air fuel ratio. This methodology generates base fuel maps for…

Advisors/Committee Members: Mello, Pedro Barbosa.

Subjects/Keywords: Base fuel maps; Motor de combustão interna; Electronic fuel injection; Combustíveis; Simulação numérica; Internal combustion spark ignition engines; Throttle valve; Simulation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Andreoli, A. G. (2012). Análise e simulação de mapas base de injeção eletrônica de combustível para motores de ignição a centelha. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/75756

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Andreoli, Alexandre Giordani. “Análise e simulação de mapas base de injeção eletrônica de combustível para motores de ignição a centelha.” 2012. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/75756.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Andreoli, Alexandre Giordani. “Análise e simulação de mapas base de injeção eletrônica de combustível para motores de ignição a centelha.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Andreoli AG. Análise e simulação de mapas base de injeção eletrônica de combustível para motores de ignição a centelha. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/75756.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Andreoli AG. Análise e simulação de mapas base de injeção eletrônica de combustível para motores de ignição a centelha. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/75756

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Anna University

26. Ganesh D. A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture formation;.

Degree: 2013, Anna University

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11426

►

Conventional diesel engines operate at higher compression ratios than SI engines. In this type of engine, the air-fuel mixture auto-ignites because of piston compression instead… (more)

▼

Conventional diesel engines operate at higher compression ratios than SI engines. In this type of engine, the air-fuel mixture auto-ignites because of piston compression instead of ignition by spark plug. These processes effectively limit the rate of combustion. The in-cylinder temperature in a conventional diesel engine is about 2700 K, which leads to a significant production of Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) emissions. For diesel engines, a trade-off made between NOx and soot. After treatment systems are used in the modern day engines which are expensive. Consequently, the obvious ideal combination would be to find an engine type with high efficiency as that of diesel engines and very low emissions as that of gasoline engines with catalytic converters. One such technology is homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI). In the present work, homogeneous mixture was prepared outside the combustion chamber (External mixture formation) by using Ultrasonic fuel injection (USFI) system and Diesel fuel vapouriser system. The key to the external mixture formation method with diesel is proper fuel preparation. In the first approach, the Ultra sonic atomiser receives diesel fuel in liquid state and by means of ultrasonic vibration energy, performs work on the fuel, transforming it to a highly atomised state and then effectively mixing with air to form a more uniform fuel- air mixture. Similarly, in the second approach, the Diesel fuel vapouriser receives fuel in liquid state and it converts into vapour form by means of an external power source, and effectively mixes with the incoming air to form a uniform fuel-air mixture. The experimental results show that, NOx and smoke reduces by about 80 % and 92 % respectively with USFI system. Whereas, in Diesel fuel vapouriser (DFV) system, the NOx and smoke reduction is about 95 % and 83 % respectively. The engine operated from no load to 75 % load without any problem in the case of diesel fuel vaporiser system, whereas in USFI system the engine operated between 25% to 75% load on

Appendices 1 to 7; pp. 125-132

Advisors/Committee Members: Nagarajan, G..

Subjects/Keywords: Homogeneous charge compression ignition(HCCI); diesel fuel; oxides of nitrogen; ultrasonic fuel injection(USFI); external mixture formaiton

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APA (6^th Edition):

D, G. (2013). A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture formation;. (Thesis). Anna University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11426

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

D, Ganesh. “A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture formation;.” 2013. Thesis, Anna University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11426.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

D, Ganesh. “A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture formation;.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

D G. A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture formation;. [Internet] [Thesis]. Anna University; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11426.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

D G. A study on homogeneous charge compression ignition HCCI combustion of diesel fuel with external mixture formation;. [Thesis]. Anna University; 2013. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/11426

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Purdue University

27. Feddema, Rick Thomas. Effect of Aviation Fuel Type and Fuel Injection Conditions on the Spray Characteristics of Pressure Swirl and Hybrid Air Blast Fuel Injectors.

Degree: MSME, Mechanical Engineering, 2013, Purdue University

URL: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/12

► Feddema, Rick T. M.S.M.E., Purdue University, December 2013. Effect of Aviation Fuel Type and Fuel Injection Conditions on the Spray Characteristics of Pressure Swirl… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Ambient Pressure; Aviation Fuel; Fuel Injector; Injection Temperature; Pressure Swirl; Twin Fluid; Aerospace Engineering; Mechanical Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Feddema, R. T. (2013). Effect of Aviation Fuel Type and Fuel Injection Conditions on the Spray Characteristics of Pressure Swirl and Hybrid Air Blast Fuel Injectors. (Thesis). Purdue University. Retrieved from http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/12

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Feddema, Rick Thomas. “Effect of Aviation Fuel Type and Fuel Injection Conditions on the Spray Characteristics of Pressure Swirl and Hybrid Air Blast Fuel Injectors.” 2013. Thesis, Purdue University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/12.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Feddema, Rick Thomas. “Effect of Aviation Fuel Type and Fuel Injection Conditions on the Spray Characteristics of Pressure Swirl and Hybrid Air Blast Fuel Injectors.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Feddema RT. Effect of Aviation Fuel Type and Fuel Injection Conditions on the Spray Characteristics of Pressure Swirl and Hybrid Air Blast Fuel Injectors. [Internet] [Thesis]. Purdue University; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/12.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Feddema RT. Effect of Aviation Fuel Type and Fuel Injection Conditions on the Spray Characteristics of Pressure Swirl and Hybrid Air Blast Fuel Injectors. [Thesis]. Purdue University; 2013. Available from: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/12

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Brno University of Technology

28. Válek, David. Bezdemontážní diagnostika vznětového motoru: Disassembly Diagnosis of Diesel Engine.

Degree: 2018, Brno University of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11012/82441

► The aim of this work is to summarize the possibilities of dismantling diagnostics of diesel engine defects and to explain them practically. The first part… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Diagnostika; vznětový motor; měření; vstřikovací čerpadlo; EDC; dávka paliva; Diagnostics; diesel engine; measurement; fuel injection pump; EDC; fuel dose

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APA (6^th Edition):

Válek, D. (2018). Bezdemontážní diagnostika vznětového motoru: Disassembly Diagnosis of Diesel Engine. (Thesis). Brno University of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11012/82441

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Válek, David. “Bezdemontážní diagnostika vznětového motoru: Disassembly Diagnosis of Diesel Engine.” 2018. Thesis, Brno University of Technology. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11012/82441.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Válek, David. “Bezdemontážní diagnostika vznětového motoru: Disassembly Diagnosis of Diesel Engine.” 2018. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Válek D. Bezdemontážní diagnostika vznětového motoru: Disassembly Diagnosis of Diesel Engine. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brno University of Technology; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11012/82441.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Válek D. Bezdemontážní diagnostika vznětového motoru: Disassembly Diagnosis of Diesel Engine. [Thesis]. Brno University of Technology; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11012/82441

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

29. Vafamehr, Hassan. A study of pre-ignition and knock in an optical spark ignition engine.

Degree: PhD, 2018, Brunel University

URL: http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/17562 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.767708

► The currently reported work involved fundamental study of auto-ignition under unusually high knock intensities in an optical spark ignition engine. The single cylinder research engine… (more)

▼ The currently reported work involved fundamental study of auto-ignition under unusually high knock intensities in an optical spark ignition engine. The single cylinder research engine adopted included full bore overhead optical access capable of withstanding continuous peak in-cylinder pressure and knock intensity of up to 150 bar and 60 bar respectively. Heavy knock was deliberately induced under relatively low loads (5 bar IMEP) using inlet air heating up to 66 °C and a primary reference fuel blend of reduced octane rating (75 RON). High speed chemiluminescence natural light imaging was used together with simultaneous heat release analysis to evaluate the combustion events. The key out comes of this study could be listed as follow: • Proof and improved understanding of multi centred auto-ignition events under high KIs • Improved understanding of the potential pitfalls of over-fuelling for heavy knock suppression • Optical validation of 'natural' oil droplet release and on-off behaviour of knocking cycles Multiple centred auto-ignition events were regularly observed to lead in to violent knocking events, with knock intensities above 140 bar observed. The ability to directly image the events associated with such high magnitude of knock is believed to be a world first in a full bore optical engine. The multiple centred events were in good agreement with the developing detonation theory to be the key mechanism leading to heavy knock in modern downsized SI engines. The accompanying thermodynamic analysis indicated lack of relation between knock intensity and the remaining unburned mass fraction burned at the onset of the auto-ignition. Spatial analysis of the full series of images captured demonstrated random location of the first captured auto-ignition sites during developing auto-ignition events. Under such circumstances new flame kernels formed at these sites, with initial steady growth sometimes observed to suppress the growth of the earlier spark initiated main flame front prior to violent end gas auto-ignition. It was found that pre-ignition most commonly initiated in the area surrounding the exhaust valve head and resulted in a deflagration that caused the overall combustion phasing to be over advanced. In the cycles after heavy knock, droplets of what appeared to be lubricant were sometimes observed moving within the main charge and causing pre-ignition. These released lubricant droplets were found to survive within the combustion chamber for multiple cycles and were associated with a corresponding "on-off" knocking combustion pattern that has been so widely associated with super-knock in real downsized spark ignition engines. This research also concerned with improving understanding of the competing effects of latent heat of vaporization and auto-ignition delay times of different ethanol blended fuels during heaving knocking combustion. Under normal operation the engine was operated under port fuel injection with a stoichiometric air-fuel mixture. Additional excess fuel of varied blend was then introduced…

Subjects/Keywords: 621.43; Injection; Fuel; Ethanol; Optical; Bio/Fuel

…161 7.3 Direct Fuel Injection Optimization… …165 7.5 Direct Fuel Injection Duration Sweep… …turbocharged gasoline direct fuel injection engine (courtesy of MAHLE Powertrain)… …2 Injection duration sweep for different cycles during the PFI + DI for 75 Ron fuel… …Figure 7-6 : Average knock intensity versus direct fuel injection duration (75 RON Fuel…

11 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Vafamehr, H. (2018). A study of pre-ignition and knock in an optical spark ignition engine. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brunel University. Retrieved from http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/17562 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.767708

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vafamehr, Hassan. “A study of pre-ignition and knock in an optical spark ignition engine.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Brunel University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/17562 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.767708.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vafamehr, Hassan. “A study of pre-ignition and knock in an optical spark ignition engine.” 2018. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Vafamehr H. A study of pre-ignition and knock in an optical spark ignition engine. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brunel University; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/17562 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.767708.

Council of Science Editors:

Vafamehr H. A study of pre-ignition and knock in an optical spark ignition engine. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brunel University; 2018. Available from: http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/17562 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.767708

Rochester Institute of Technology

30. Thistle, Andrew G. Measurement of Flow Velocities in a To-Scale Simplex Atomizer Using Particle Image Velocimetry.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2016, Rochester Institute of Technology

URL: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/9254

► To better understand atomization in a commercial aviation gas turbine combustion environment, we present experimental measurements of the internal fuel flow of a simplex… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: atomization; gas turbine fuel injection; particle image velocimetry; PIV; pressure swirl atomizer; spray

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APA (6^th Edition):

Thistle, A. G. (2016). Measurement of Flow Velocities in a To-Scale Simplex Atomizer Using Particle Image Velocimetry. (Masters Thesis). Rochester Institute of Technology. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/9254

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Thistle, Andrew G. “Measurement of Flow Velocities in a To-Scale Simplex Atomizer Using Particle Image Velocimetry.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/9254.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Thistle, Andrew G. “Measurement of Flow Velocities in a To-Scale Simplex Atomizer Using Particle Image Velocimetry.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Thistle AG. Measurement of Flow Velocities in a To-Scale Simplex Atomizer Using Particle Image Velocimetry. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rochester Institute of Technology; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/9254.

Council of Science Editors:

Thistle AG. Measurement of Flow Velocities in a To-Scale Simplex Atomizer Using Particle Image Velocimetry. [Masters Thesis]. Rochester Institute of Technology; 2016. Available from: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/9254

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