You searched for subject:(Formic acid).
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University of Manchester
1.
Gonzalez Rodriguez, Romeo.
An Integrated Approach to the Design and Nano-Engineering
of Membrane Electrode Assemblies, the Engine Room of the Fuel
Cell.
Degree: 2016, University of Manchester
URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:298011 
► Global consumption of energy is one of the greatest problems that the human kind is facing in contemporary days. Also the alarming threat of global…
(more)
▼ Global consumption of energy is one of the greatest
problems that the human kind is facing in contemporary days. Also
the alarming threat of global warming makes the progress towards
hunt for new energy sources with caution. These forces make the
research community to look for new devices, friendlier to the
environment and fuel cells are found to be one among them. Fuel
cells are gaining more interest because of their exceptional
performance improvement during the past few decades.The aim of this
project is to develop and produce suitable membrane electrode
assemblies for their use on fuel cells and increase their
performance by utilizing different materials. For it the present
work will focus in the familiarization of the production and
standardization of membrane electrode assemblies for both methanol
and
formic acid fuel cells. Along with the identification of the
characteristics, for which
formic acid fuel cells outperforms
methanol fuel cells.Therefor this report will consists of the basic
outlines of fuel cells; categorizing the advantages and challenges
that methanol fuel cells and
formic acid fuel cells face. Finishing
with the production and testing of membrane electrode assemblies in
methanol and
formic acid fuel cells in order to obtain a standard
energy production.
Advisors/Committee Members: SAMPSON, WILLIAM WW, Holmes, Stuart, Winterburn, James.
Subjects/Keywords: Fuel Cells; Methanol; Formic Acid
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APA (6th Edition):
Gonzalez Rodriguez, R. (2016). An Integrated Approach to the Design and Nano-Engineering
of Membrane Electrode Assemblies, the Engine Room of the Fuel
Cell. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:298011
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gonzalez Rodriguez, Romeo. “An Integrated Approach to the Design and Nano-Engineering
of Membrane Electrode Assemblies, the Engine Room of the Fuel
Cell.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:298011.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gonzalez Rodriguez, Romeo. “An Integrated Approach to the Design and Nano-Engineering
of Membrane Electrode Assemblies, the Engine Room of the Fuel
Cell.” 2016. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Gonzalez Rodriguez R. An Integrated Approach to the Design and Nano-Engineering
of Membrane Electrode Assemblies, the Engine Room of the Fuel
Cell. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:298011.
Council of Science Editors:
Gonzalez Rodriguez R. An Integrated Approach to the Design and Nano-Engineering
of Membrane Electrode Assemblies, the Engine Room of the Fuel
Cell. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:298011
Columbia University
2.
Neary, Michelle Catherine.
Molybdenum, Tungsten and Nickel Compounds as Catalysts for the Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid.
Degree: 2016, Columbia University
URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8RJ4JPG
► Though petroleum fuels are currently a crucial part of our daily life, there is interest in developing energy sources that are more sustainable and better…
(more)
▼ Though petroleum fuels are currently a crucial part of our daily life, there is interest in developing energy sources that are more sustainable and better for the environment. One possible energy source is hydrogen, which burns cleanly to produce only water as a byproduct. However, hydrogen itself cannot be easily transported and, therefore, other storage mediums are necessary. One such storage medium that has been investigated in recent years is formic acid, which is a liquid at room temperature and easier to handle. A crucial aspect of using formic acid is the ability to release hydrogen on demand. Testing possible catalysts for this transformation has driven my research over the last five years.
Chapter 1 investigates the ability of a series of cyclopentadienyl molybdenum hydrides, CpRMo(PMe₃)3-x(CO)xH (CpR = C₅H₅, C₅Me₅; x = 0, 1, 2, 3), to catalyze formic acid dehydrogenation. Though several compounds in the series CpRMo(PMe₃)3-x(CO)xH have been structurally characterized before, we were able to characterize several more by X-ray diffraction. Since the compounds are structurally similar, differences in catalytic activity are governed by the electronics, which are determined primarily by the number of PMe₃ ligands relative to CO. The best catalysts are the hybrid compounds, CpRMo(PMe₃)₂(CO)H, due to the fact that they can be easily protonated by formic acid and readily release hydrogen to continue the catalytic cycle.
Additionally, I observed that methanol and methyl formate were being produced as side products. Since methanol is also a potential hydrogen storage medium, its production is of interest. In this case, the tricarbonyl compounds, CpRMo(CO)₃H, were most selective for formic acid disproportionation relative to dehydrogenation. This is likely due to their relative propensity to transfer a hydride ligand to formic acid rather than to become protonated by it. We also investigated the ability of formic acid to reduce ketones and aldehydes via transfer hydrogenation.
Because the phosphine-rich compounds were such effective catalysts, we sought to investigate the reactivity of other compounds with phosphine ligands towards formic acid. To this end, Chapter 2 focuses on studies involving Ni(PMe₃)₄, and Chapter 3 looks at Mo(PMe₃)₆ and W(PMe₃)₄(η²-CH₂PMe₂)H. Ni(PMe₃)₄ is indeed able to catalyze formic acid dehydrogenation. Density Functional Theory studies suggest that the mechanism involves formation of a formate-hydride followed by decarboxylation to produce a dihydride species. The ability of the PMe₃ ligand to induce decarboxylation also provides a route to synthesize Ni(PMe₃)₄ from Ni(O₂CH)₂•2H₂O and Ni(py)₄(O₂CH)₂•2py, which has been structurally characterized.
To expand on the nickel phosphine reactivity, a heteroleptic nickel phosphine complex employing the bisphosphine ligand 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene (bppb), namely (bppb)Ni(PMe₃)₂, was synthesized, characterized and tested with formic acid. It also catalyzes dehydrogenation, but rearranges…
Subjects/Keywords: Catalysts; Dehydrogenation; Chemistry; Formic acid
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APA (6th Edition):
Neary, M. C. (2016). Molybdenum, Tungsten and Nickel Compounds as Catalysts for the Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8RJ4JPG
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Neary, Michelle Catherine. “Molybdenum, Tungsten and Nickel Compounds as Catalysts for the Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed December 14, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.7916/D8RJ4JPG.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Neary, Michelle Catherine. “Molybdenum, Tungsten and Nickel Compounds as Catalysts for the Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid.” 2016. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Neary MC. Molybdenum, Tungsten and Nickel Compounds as Catalysts for the Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8RJ4JPG.
Council of Science Editors:
Neary MC. Molybdenum, Tungsten and Nickel Compounds as Catalysts for the Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8RJ4JPG
University of Limerick
3.
Jia, Lijun.
A study of the production of hydrogen by the decomposition of formic acid over Pd-based and Pt-based catalysts.
Degree: 2013, University of Limerick
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5044
► peer-reviewed
As one of main products of acid hydrolysis procedure from biomass, formic acid is a promising hydrogen carrier that has recently been earning more…
(more)
▼ peer-reviewed
As one of main products of acid hydrolysis procedure from biomass, formic acid is a promising hydrogen carrier that has recently been earning more and more attention. CO-free hydrogen production and mild reaction conditions have recently been the two main targets in the production of hydrogen by the catalytic decomposition of formic acid. This thesis reports investigations of the catalytic performance of modified Pd-based and Pt-based catalysts for this reaction. The doping by alkali metal ions of a C-supported Pd catalyst promotes both its activity and hydrogen selectivity, the effect being in the order: K≥Cs>Na>Li. The reaction rate is increased by 1-2 order of magnitude using the optimum modified catalyst, 10 wt.% K-Pd/C, and the content of CO in the product is limited TO 30 ppm. The apparent activation energy for the reaction increases from a value around 60 kJ mol-1 to 100 kJ mol-1 upon K-doping for both the Pd/C catalyst and a Pd powder catalyst, this showing that the reaction mechanism changes on doping. Based on the activity measurements under both steady state and unsteady state conditions as well as on catalyst characterization results (TEM/EDS, STEM/HAADF, XPS, XRD and TOF-SIMS) and DRIFTS measurements, a reaction mechanism is proposed to explain the results with the K-doped Pd/C catalysts. Pt-based catalysts supported on N-doped carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have also been studied in formic acid decomposition. The use of CNFs as catalyst supports gives the possibility of controlling the structure of the catalysts during preparation. Nitrogen doping of the CNFs changes the electronic properties and gives more structural defects in the CNFs. Sub-nano-sized Pt particles stabilized by the N-doped CNFs supports have been found to have improved activity in formic acid decomposition and to be inactive in ethylene hydrogenation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ross, Julian R.H., Bulushev, Dmitri A..
Subjects/Keywords: energy; hydrogen; formic acid
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APA (6th Edition):
Jia, L. (2013). A study of the production of hydrogen by the decomposition of formic acid over Pd-based and Pt-based catalysts. (Thesis). University of Limerick. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5044
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jia, Lijun. “A study of the production of hydrogen by the decomposition of formic acid over Pd-based and Pt-based catalysts.” 2013. Thesis, University of Limerick. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5044.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jia, Lijun. “A study of the production of hydrogen by the decomposition of formic acid over Pd-based and Pt-based catalysts.” 2013. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Jia L. A study of the production of hydrogen by the decomposition of formic acid over Pd-based and Pt-based catalysts. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Limerick; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5044.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Jia L. A study of the production of hydrogen by the decomposition of formic acid over Pd-based and Pt-based catalysts. [Thesis]. University of Limerick; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/5044
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Manchester
4.
Jones, Benjamin.
Airborne Measurements of Organic acids, Inorganic acids
and other Trace Gas Species in the Remote Regions of the Northern
Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer
(CIMS).
Degree: 2016, University of Manchester
URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:297387
► Formic acid and nitric acid have been found to contribute to aerosol formation and are key components of acidity in the troposphere. Tropospheric measurements of…
(more)
▼ Formic acid and nitric acid have been found to
contribute to aerosol formation and are key components of acidity
in the troposphere. Tropospheric measurements of these species are
often limited, resulting in major uncertainties when assessing
their effects on the climate. Current global chemistry-transport
models significantly under-predict formic acid concentrations,
particularly in the mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern
Hemisphere. Furthermore, large discrepancies exist in the role
played by dinitrogen pentoxide on nitric acid production between
two recently documented models assessing the global nitric acid
budget. In order to accurately constrain the budget of these acids
in the mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, it is
crucial that these uncertainties are addressed. In this work,
airborne measurements of formic acid, nitric acid and dinitrogen
pentoxide are presented from across different regions of the
Northern Hemisphere to investigate direct and indirect sources
contributing to the formic acid and nitric acid regional budgets.
Measurements were collected using a Chemical Ionisation Mass
Spectrometer (CIMS) fitted to the Facility for Atmospheric Airborne
Measurements (FAAM) BAe-146 aircraft. Formic acid measurements
within the European Arctic during March and July 2012 would
indicate ocean sources dominate over terrestrial sources
irrespective of seasonality. CH2I2 photolysis and oxidation was
hypothesised as a marine source of formic acid. Modelled estimates
would indicate the CH2I2 reaction route may represent a significant
summer marine source of formic acid within the Fenno-Scandinavian
Arctic. Additionally, low altitude aircraft measurements taken
within the Fenno-Scandinavian Arctic over regions occupied by
wetlands in August 2013 were used to calculate a formic acid
surface flux. Results would suggest formic acid emission from
wetlands may represent up to 37 times greater than its globally
inferred estimate. A flux measurement conducted over a comparable
region in September 2013 observed a negative flux, indicating a
change of this region from a net source to a net sink of formic
acid. The inconsistency of this regional wetland source confirms
the need for in-depth studies on formic acid emission from
wetlands, in order to better understand its contribution to the
regional and global formic acid budget. In a separate study,
significant daytime elevations of N2O5 and HNO3 concentrations were
observed within identified biomass burning plumes off the eastern
coast of Canada. In-plume correlations between N2O5 and HNO3
concentrations observed within these environments suggest N2O5 was
acting as additional daytime source of gaseous HNO3 when subjected
to photolytically-limited conditions. This result has important
implications to ozone production and provides evidence for an
additional daytime source of nitric acid, which must be included in
chemistry models calculating the global nitric acid
budget.
N/A
N/A
Advisors/Committee Members: COE, HUGH H, Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl.
Subjects/Keywords: Formic Acid; Nitric Acid; Dinitrogen Pentoxide; CIMS
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Jones, B. (2016). Airborne Measurements of Organic acids, Inorganic acids
and other Trace Gas Species in the Remote Regions of the Northern
Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer
(CIMS). (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:297387
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jones, Benjamin. “Airborne Measurements of Organic acids, Inorganic acids
and other Trace Gas Species in the Remote Regions of the Northern
Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer
(CIMS).” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:297387.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jones, Benjamin. “Airborne Measurements of Organic acids, Inorganic acids
and other Trace Gas Species in the Remote Regions of the Northern
Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer
(CIMS).” 2016. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Jones B. Airborne Measurements of Organic acids, Inorganic acids
and other Trace Gas Species in the Remote Regions of the Northern
Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer
(CIMS). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:297387.
Council of Science Editors:
Jones B. Airborne Measurements of Organic acids, Inorganic acids
and other Trace Gas Species in the Remote Regions of the Northern
Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer
(CIMS). [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:297387
University of Limerick
5.
Zacharska, Monika.
Development of heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogen production from biomass derived formic acid.
Degree: 2017, University of Limerick
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/6571
► peer-reviewed
Hydrogen is increasingly used in a variety of applications and holds promise as a replacement for fossil fuels. Biomass derived formic acid represents an…
(more)
▼ peer-reviewed
Hydrogen is increasingly used in a variety of applications and holds promise as a replacement for fossil fuels. Biomass derived formic acid represents an excellent renewable material for hydrogen storage. This thesis is devoted to an investigation of different catalysts aiming ultrapure hydrogen production from formic acid decomposition.
Two research directions were considered: (I) decomposition of formic acid over Au catalysts supported on a selection of metal oxides, and (II) decomposition of formic acid over Ru, Pd and Pt catalysts supported on a variety of N-free and N-doped carbon materials. A series of characterization methods were applied to understand the promotion of the catalysts with the nitrogen incorporated into the carbon structure, which should be taken into the account when designing a catalyst for particular use.
A study of ~2.5 wt.% Au catalysts supported on different metal oxides (Al2O3, ZrO2, CeO2, La2O3 and MgO) with the same mean Au particle sizes showed that alumina is the most efficient support for stabilization of Au species providing almost CO free hydrogen production for at least 16 h. High activity of Au catalysts was associated with acid–base properties of the support.
N-doping of Ru catalysts supported carbon nanofibers (CNFs) demonstrated an increase of the rate of the formic acid dehydrogenation reaction and lead to an increase of the selectivity to hydrogen from 83 to 92%. The increase in activity was explained by coordination of the Ru species by pyridinic nitrogen located on the open edge of graphene layers of the herringbone type CNFs used.
The effects of preparation variables, structure of the carbon supports (carbon nanofibers and porous carbon network), and surface functional composition on catalytic properties of the Pd and Pt catalysts were studied. Single Pd atoms and single Pt atoms on nitrogen-functionalized carbon materials, observed by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy were found to contribute considerably to the catalytic activity, selectivity and did not affect the stability of the catalysts at least for 30 h in hydrogen production. XPS analysis proved the presence of Pd2+ ions in significant concentration even after treatment of the catalyst with H2 and interaction of Pd atoms with pyridinic nitrogen of the support was recognized.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bulushev, Dmitri A., Leahy, James J..
Subjects/Keywords: hydrogen; fossil fuels; formic acid decomposition
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APA (6th Edition):
Zacharska, M. (2017). Development of heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogen production from biomass derived formic acid. (Thesis). University of Limerick. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10344/6571
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zacharska, Monika. “Development of heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogen production from biomass derived formic acid.” 2017. Thesis, University of Limerick. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/6571.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zacharska, Monika. “Development of heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogen production from biomass derived formic acid.” 2017. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Zacharska M. Development of heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogen production from biomass derived formic acid. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Limerick; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/6571.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Zacharska M. Development of heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogen production from biomass derived formic acid. [Thesis]. University of Limerick; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/6571
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Penn State University
6.
Jones, Charles Elwood.
Clusters: Addressing Material and Environmental
Issues.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2008, Penn State University
URL: https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/9245
► The present thesis work is part of a continuing effort in the Castleman group to study the physical and chemical properties of clusters as they…
(more)
▼ The present thesis work is part of a continuing effort
in the Castleman group to study the physical and chemical
properties of clusters as they relate to materials and the
environment. With regards to materials, metal-based clusters are
synthesized in the gas phase in order to identify uniquely stable
species. Just as atoms or molecules are the building blocks of
matter in nature, our group envisions the synthesis of future
cluster-assembled materials (CAMs) built with clusters. By varying
the size and composition of a cluster by even one atom, the
electronic properties can be dramatically changed. A general
introduction of the cluster chemistry and physics pertinent to this
thesis work is presented in Chapter 1. Anion photoelectron
spectroscopy is the experimental technique utilized in this work to
study metal and metal-based clusters. A home-built instrument was
employed, and descriptions of its components are presented in
Chapter 2. This instrument was used to study a series of AlnBi- (n
= 1-5) clusters. As explained in Chapter 3, experimental data was
combined with theoretical work from our collaborators in order to
show that the introduction of a bismuth atom to aluminum clusters
creates uniquely stable clusters. One of these, Al3Bi, is
demonstrated be an all-metal aromatic cluster. Another cluster,
Al5Bi, is shown to be stabilized by the jellium model. The findings
are a practical example of how small changes in size and/or
composition of a cluster give rise to exciting properties. Based on
the results, a relationship is drawn between the aromatic and
jellium models herein, and potential for use in CAMs is briefly
discussed. In Chapter 4, niobium carbide clusters of the form
Nb3Cn- (n = 5-10) are investigated with similar methods in order to
elucidate the formation of larger metal-carbon clusters, most
notably the niobium Met-Car (Nb8C12). When the experimental data is
merged with theory from our collaborators, isomers with various
structural motifs are identified. Structures of tri-niobium carbide
clusters are proposed to follow two general trends. One structural
trend of Nb3Cn- clusters features a triangular niobium unit at the
cluster core. The second structural motif entails a single carbon
atom that links to all three metal atoms, and C2 units that bridge
the individual niobium atoms. Nice agreement between the
experimental and computational results is shown, lending credence
to our findings. Comparisons are drawn between the results
presented here and previous theoretical and experimental studies of
small niobium carbide clusters. The last study presented in this
work does not deal with materials, but rather environmental
chemistry. In Chapter 5, reactions of formic acid (HCOOH) and
protonated water clusters of the form H+(H2O)n (n = 3-27) are
examined in a fast-flow reactor under well-defined thermal
conditions. The product distributions of H+(H2O)n(HCOOH)m show that
nucleation occurs with these clusters on a molecular scale more
easily than both pure water and methanol-water clusters do under
similar…
Subjects/Keywords: clusters; materials; aluminum; niobium; carbides; formic
acid
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APA (6th Edition):
Jones, C. E. (2008). Clusters: Addressing Material and Environmental
Issues. (Doctoral Dissertation). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/9245
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jones, Charles Elwood. “Clusters: Addressing Material and Environmental
Issues.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, Penn State University. Accessed December 14, 2019.
https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/9245.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jones, Charles Elwood. “Clusters: Addressing Material and Environmental
Issues.” 2008. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Jones CE. Clusters: Addressing Material and Environmental
Issues. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Penn State University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/9245.
Council of Science Editors:
Jones CE. Clusters: Addressing Material and Environmental
Issues. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Penn State University; 2008. Available from: https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/9245
University of Victoria
7.
Strobl, Jonathan Richard.
Adsorption and Oxidation of Formate at Au Electrodes.
Degree: Department of Chemistry, 2013, University of Victoria
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5118
► This work focuses on tracking formic acid adsorption as formate onto polycrystalline gold and its subsequent catalyzed oxidation to carbon dioxide. Formic acid oxidation is…
(more)
▼ This work focuses on tracking
formic acid adsorption as formate onto polycrystalline
gold and its subsequent catalyzed oxidation to carbon dioxide.
Formic acid oxidation is notoriously
dependent on supporting electrolyte composition, a dependency that is little
characterized. Additionally, the mechanism of oxidation is in disagreement in the
literature. As such, the two preceding topics are the primary focus of this work, and
are studied in HClO4 and H2SO4 solutions. Cyclic voltammetry experiments supplemented
by mathematical modelling and fitting of data were used. Solution pH and
adsorption of supporting electrolyte anions onto Au(poly) were very influential factors
in determining formate coverages on Au(poly). This alone explains the effect of
supporting electrolyte on this reaction. The coverage of adsorbed formate was found
to be singularly responsible for determining the rate of
formic acid oxidation. This
implies a chemical rate limiting step for oxidation, leaving the oxidation rate constant
independent of potential.
Another segment of this work focuses on the statistical mechanics of lattice gases,
namely the role of sites available for adsorption on the activity. This topic is central
to the modelling of multiple adsorbing species in competition for the same adsorption
sites. Activity for interaction-free lattice gases in the thermodynamic limit was found
to be coverage of adsorbates over coverage of sites available for adsorption. This relationship was exploited to simulate coadsorption of two species, the first obeying the Langmuir isotherm and the second following the hard hexagon isotherm. This system was originally considered as a
possible model for coadsorption of formate and sulfate in H2SO4 solutions, but did
not match with data.
Advisors/Committee Members: Harrington, David A. (supervisor).
Subjects/Keywords: electrocatalysis; Formic Acid; Adsorption; kinetic mechanism
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APA (6th Edition):
Strobl, J. R. (2013). Adsorption and Oxidation of Formate at Au Electrodes. (Masters Thesis). University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5118
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Strobl, Jonathan Richard. “Adsorption and Oxidation of Formate at Au Electrodes.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Victoria. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5118.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Strobl, Jonathan Richard. “Adsorption and Oxidation of Formate at Au Electrodes.” 2013. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Strobl JR. Adsorption and Oxidation of Formate at Au Electrodes. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Victoria; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5118.
Council of Science Editors:
Strobl JR. Adsorption and Oxidation of Formate at Au Electrodes. [Masters Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5118
University of Ottawa
8.
Sims, Jeffrey J.
Formic Acid Decomposition on Cobalt Surfaces
.
Degree: 2015, University of Ottawa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32592
► The decomposition of formic acid proceeds via two principal reaction pathways: dehydration and dehydrogenation. Mechanisms and reaction ratios depend on the nature of the catalysts…
(more)
▼ The decomposition of formic acid proceeds via two principal reaction pathways: dehydration and dehydrogenation. Mechanisms and reaction ratios depend on the nature of the catalysts used. This work provides mechanistic insight into the decomposition of formic acid on Co(0001) and a highly stepped cobalt surface. The catalytic systems were studied in ultra-high vacuum by XPS and temperature programmed desorption. On both surfaces, an overall reaction (1) was observed:
2 HCOOH→H_2 O+CO+H_2+CO_2 (1)
The surfaces had differing reaction intermediates, reaction temperatures, and activation energies. On Co(0001), formate, carbon, and hydroxyl are intermediates and the reaction has an activation energy of 44.3 ± 0.6 kJ/mol, pre-exponential factor of 0.7 ± 0.05 mbar/s. On highly stepped cobalt, formate and formyl are intermediates and the reaction has an activation energy of 147.2 ± 2.0 kJ/mol and pre-exponential factor of 1011.3 ± 0.2 mbar/s. Desorption energies of observed species and mechanisms of observed reactions are reported.
A detailed description and proof of concept of a PM-IRRAS reactor designed for this thesis is also presented.
Subjects/Keywords: XPS;
Formic Acid;
TPD;
UHV;
Cobalt
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APA (6th Edition):
Sims, J. J. (2015). Formic Acid Decomposition on Cobalt Surfaces
. (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32592
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sims, Jeffrey J. “Formic Acid Decomposition on Cobalt Surfaces
.” 2015. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32592.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sims, Jeffrey J. “Formic Acid Decomposition on Cobalt Surfaces
.” 2015. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Sims JJ. Formic Acid Decomposition on Cobalt Surfaces
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32592.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Sims JJ. Formic Acid Decomposition on Cobalt Surfaces
. [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32592
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Stellenbosch University
9.
Steiner, Andrew Charles Dudley Pringle.
Mechanistic and kinetic aspects of furfural degradation in dilute acidic media.
Degree: MEng, Process Engineering, 2019, Stellenbosch University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106097
► ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Furfural is a renewable platform chemical produced from lignocellulosic biomass. Many chemicals are derived from furfural including furfuryl alcohol, cosmetic ingredients & fragrances,…
(more)
▼ ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Furfural is a renewable platform chemical produced from lignocellulosic biomass. Many chemicals are derived from furfural including furfuryl alcohol, cosmetic ingredients & fragrances, flavour ingredients, nematocides & other agricultural chemicals, biofuels/fuel additives, solvents, resins, nylon, spandex (PolyTHF), etc.
Furfural is mostly produced by an acid catalysed dehydration of the xylan in the biomass. The same acid catalyst also catalyses furfural degradation reactions which are known to convert furfural into formic acid and solid, insoluble, heterogeneous, carbonaceous, furan-rich macromolecules known as humins.
In this study, furfural degradation was investigated, considering reaction temperatures of 140 °C - 200 °C, initial furfural concentrations of 1.5 wt% - 6 wt% and the sulfuric acid catalyst concentration of 0.5 wt% - 2 wt%. The reaction kinetics of degradation were established by fitting experimental data to the Arrhenius equation.
The results showed formic acid as a significant product of furfural degradation. It was found that for each mol of degraded furfural, 0.86 mol formic acid was formed under the conditions of this study.
Humins were primarily composed of bifurylic and trifurylic structures and the humins composition was independent of reaction conditions and was uniform under all reaction conditions in the present study.
Combustion of humins provides a route to valorise humins but generates only 1.3% of the energy required for furfural production. In a scenario where furfural is produced from biorefinery pre-treatment stages or from pulp mill pre-hydrolysis liquor (not directly from biomass) combustion of humins is a viable application as it facilitates removal of humins which otherwise block up the system.
In this study, it was found that initial furfural concentration was the most influential factor towards furfural degradation. Increasing the initial furfural concentration caused an increase in the rate of degradation, more humins were formed and more formic acid was formed. Increasing reaction temperature caused an increase in the amount of humins formed and an increase in the rate of degradation. Increasing the concentration of sulfuric acid caused an increase in the rate of degradation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Furforaal is ʼn hernubare platform chemikalie wat vervaardig word uit lignosellulosiese biomassa. Baie chemikalieë word geproduseer uit furforaal insluitend furfurielalkohol, skoonheidsbestanddele en geure, geurbestanddele, nematodedoder en ander landbouchemikalieë, biobrandstowwe of brandstof bymiddels, oplosmiddels, hars, nylon, spandeks (PolyTHF), etc.
Furforaal word meestal vervaardig deur ʼn suur gekataliseerde dehidrasie van die xilaan in die biomassa. Dieselfde suurkatalis kataliseer ook furfuraal afbrekingsreaksies wat bekend is om furfuraal na metanoësuur en soliede, onoplosbare, heterogene, koolstofryke, furaanryke makromolekules, genaamd humien, om te sit.
In hierdie studie is furforaal afbreking ondersoek met inagneming van reaksietemperature…
Advisors/Committee Members: Gorgens, J. F., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Process Engineering..
Subjects/Keywords: Kinetics; Furfural; Formic acid; Humin; UCTD
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APA (6th Edition):
Steiner, A. C. D. P. (2019). Mechanistic and kinetic aspects of furfural degradation in dilute acidic media. (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106097
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Steiner, Andrew Charles Dudley Pringle. “Mechanistic and kinetic aspects of furfural degradation in dilute acidic media.” 2019. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106097.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Steiner, Andrew Charles Dudley Pringle. “Mechanistic and kinetic aspects of furfural degradation in dilute acidic media.” 2019. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Steiner ACDP. Mechanistic and kinetic aspects of furfural degradation in dilute acidic media. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2019. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106097.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Steiner ACDP. Mechanistic and kinetic aspects of furfural degradation in dilute acidic media. [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106097
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign
10.
Haan, John L.
Electrochemistry of formic acid and carbon dioxide on metal electrodes with applications to fuel cells and carbon dioxide conversion devices.
Degree: PhD, 0335, 2010, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16922
► There is a growing awareness of the need for basic and applied energy research due to the environmental impact of energy use and limitations in…
(more)
▼ There is a growing awareness of the need for basic and applied energy research due to the environmental impact of energy use and limitations in the supply of energy sources. In this work, electrochemical research is reported for fuel cells and carbon dioxide reduction, with the aim of reducing the environmental footprint of global energy use.
In studies of the
formic acid fuel cell, it is reported here that an increase in the
formic acid fuel pH increases the rate of
formic acid oxidation on palladium and platinum. It is also shown that an increase in fuel pH decreases the potential at which the catalyst poison is removed from the electrode surface. This poison is detrimental to fuel cell operation. This work reports the first such studies in an electrochemical cell on high surface area platinum and palladium nanoparticles.
New catalyst formulations were developed via electrochemical surface modification in attempt to eliminate the catalyst poisoning and improve performance of the
formic acid fuel cell. Electrochemical studies showed substantial improvement to the rate of
formic acid oxidation by a combination of high surface area palladium with tin, antimony, or lead, due to steric and electronic effects. A membrane electrode assembly was developed and reported here that enables fuel cell testing of such electrochemically modified catalysts. Tests in an operating fuel cell demonstrated less performance gains compared with the electrochemical cell, although some gains were shown.
Finally, the reduction of carbon dioxide in the ionic liquid, EMIM BF4, was shown to occur at a more positive potential that in previous aprotic solvents such as acetonitrile. The conversion of carbon dioxide to its charged intermediate was shown to occur as the rate limiting step in the complete conversion of carbon dioxide to adsorbed carbon monoxide. This work is part of the initial stages of an effort to convert carbon dioxide to a usable fuel such as
formic acid or some other larger hydrocarbon fuel.
Advisors/Committee Members: Masel, Richard I. (advisor), Masel, Richard I. (Committee Chair), Wieckowski, Andrzej (committee member), Gewirth, Andrew A. (committee member), Scheeline, Alexander (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: formic acid fuel cell; carbon dioxide reduction
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APA (6th Edition):
Haan, J. L. (2010). Electrochemistry of formic acid and carbon dioxide on metal electrodes with applications to fuel cells and carbon dioxide conversion devices. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16922
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Haan, John L. “Electrochemistry of formic acid and carbon dioxide on metal electrodes with applications to fuel cells and carbon dioxide conversion devices.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16922.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Haan, John L. “Electrochemistry of formic acid and carbon dioxide on metal electrodes with applications to fuel cells and carbon dioxide conversion devices.” 2010. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Haan JL. Electrochemistry of formic acid and carbon dioxide on metal electrodes with applications to fuel cells and carbon dioxide conversion devices. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16922.
Council of Science Editors:
Haan JL. Electrochemistry of formic acid and carbon dioxide on metal electrodes with applications to fuel cells and carbon dioxide conversion devices. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16922
11.
Zhao, Zhun.
Catalytic Oxidation Properties of Palladium-decorated Gold Nanoparticles.
Degree: PhD, Engineering, 2014, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/88410
► Bimetallic palladium gold (PdAu) catalysts have been shown to be superior to monometallic ones in many reactions, but the reasons for the enhancement are not…
(more)
▼ Bimetallic palladium gold (PdAu) catalysts have been shown to be superior to monometallic ones in many reactions, but the reasons for the enhancement are not thoroughly understood. In this work, palladium decorated gold nanoparticles (Pd-on-Au NPs) are used as structured model catalysts, allowing for the precise control of both size and metal distribution with Pd surface coverage (sc%). By testing reactions on a range of these catalysts, we hope to gain insight into the active site for a given reaction.
In hydrodechlorination of perchloroethene (PCE), Pd surface coverage was found to be the key factor in catalyst activity, with the optimum at 80 sc%. A complete mechanistic model that coupled mass transfer processes with the surface reactions was further developed, consistent with the observed product profiles.
Carbon supported Pd-on-Au NPs were tested for liquid phase glycerol oxidation for the first time. The best catalyst (80 sc%) had an initial TOF of ~6000 h-1, >10 times more active than Au/C and Pd/C. Catalytic activity, selectivity, activation energy and deactivation rate constant exhibited strong volcano-shaped dependences upon Pd sc%. Ex situ XANES results showed no to little change in surface Pd-O% for Au based catalysts, suggesting the possibility of Au suppressing Pd oxidation during reaction.
Ex situ EXAFS results further confirmed the core-shell structures of 60 and 150 sc% Pd-on-Au/C catalysts via Punnett square analysis, and also ascertained no to little change in their oxidation states and coordination numbers post glycerol oxidation. EXAFS observations correlate with kinetics results, and lead to the conclusion that catalysts with a larger amount of 3-D Pd ensembles are more prone to oxidize during glycerol oxidation, making them less resistant to deactivation.
Finally, Pd-on-Au/C catalysts were tested for room temperature
formic acid decomposition. In situ XAS revealed that core-shell structures of 60, 150 and 300 sc% Pd-on-Au NPs maintained while oxidized Pd species was partially reduced during reaction. Catalyst with higher fraction of 3-D Pd ensembles showed much higher dehydrogenation activity than those with mostly 1-D or 2-D, correlating to the proposed mechanism that the dehydrogenation pathway is favored over metal terrace sites.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wong, Michael S. (advisor), Gonzalez, Ramon (committee member), Zheng, Junrong (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Palladium; Gold; Oxidation; Glycerol; Perchloroethene; Formic acid
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Zhao, Z. (2014). Catalytic Oxidation Properties of Palladium-decorated Gold Nanoparticles. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/88410
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhao, Zhun. “Catalytic Oxidation Properties of Palladium-decorated Gold Nanoparticles.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/88410.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhao, Zhun. “Catalytic Oxidation Properties of Palladium-decorated Gold Nanoparticles.” 2014. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Zhao Z. Catalytic Oxidation Properties of Palladium-decorated Gold Nanoparticles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/88410.
Council of Science Editors:
Zhao Z. Catalytic Oxidation Properties of Palladium-decorated Gold Nanoparticles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/88410
University of British Columbia
12.
Taylor, Sandra Margaret.
Kinetics of the reaction between formic acid and permanganate in queous acid solution.
Degree: 1958, University of British Columbia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39964
► The kinetics of the oxidation of formic acid by permanganate in aqueous perchloric acid solution, i.e., 2MnO¯₄ + 3HCOOH + 2H⁺ → 2MnO₂ + 3CO₂…
(more)
▼ The kinetics of the oxidation of formic acid by permanganate in aqueous perchloric acid solution, i.e., 2MnO¯₄ + 3HCOOH + 2H⁺ → 2MnO₂ + 3CO₂ + 4H₂O were studied in the temperature range 15 to 35°C. The variables examined included the reactant and hydrogen ion concentrations, ionic strength, the presence of various metal ions, and solvent and reactant deuterium isotope effects.
The reaction appears to proceed through two independent paths in which the rate-determining steps are bimolecular reactions of permanganate with formic acid and with formate ion, respectively. The kinetics are thus of the form
-d [MnO₄¯] / dt = [M nO₄¯] [HCOOH] (kA + kBKi / [H⁺] )
where kA and kg are rate constants of the two bimolecular reactions involving formic acid and formate ion, respectively, and Ki is the ionization constant of formic acid. The Arrhenius expressions for the rate constants were found to be kA = 1.1 x 10⁹exp. (-16400/RT) 1.mole¯¹sec¯¹ and kB =
7.8 x 10⁹exp. (-13000/RT) 1.mole¯¹sec¯¹.
The formate ion reaction exhibits a large deuterium (HCOO¯:DCOO¯) isotope effect which suggests cleavage of the C-H bond in the rate-determining step. The absence of a corresponding isotope effect in the formic acid reaction suggests that it proceeds by a different mechanism.
Fe⁺⁺⁺(but not Ag⁺, Cu⁺⁺, Co⁺⁺ or Na⁺) was found to catalyze the reaction, possibly by a mechanism involving a FeMnO₄⁺⁺ complex.
Previous investigations of the formic acid-permanganate system have been confined to lower acidities than the present one, and only the formate ion contribution to the reaction had been detected.
Subjects/Keywords: Formic acid;
Permanganates
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APA (6th Edition):
Taylor, S. M. (1958). Kinetics of the reaction between formic acid and permanganate in queous acid solution.
(Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39964
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Taylor, Sandra Margaret. “Kinetics of the reaction between formic acid and permanganate in queous acid solution.
” 1958. Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39964.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Taylor, Sandra Margaret. “Kinetics of the reaction between formic acid and permanganate in queous acid solution.
” 1958. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Taylor SM. Kinetics of the reaction between formic acid and permanganate in queous acid solution.
[Internet] [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1958. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39964.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Taylor SM. Kinetics of the reaction between formic acid and permanganate in queous acid solution.
[Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1958. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39964
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of British Columbia
13.
Halvorson, Harold Norman.
Kinetics of the homogeneous reaction between formic acid and thallium (III) in aqueous solution.
Degree: 1956, University of British Columbia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40510
► The kinetics of the oxidation of HCOOH by thallium (ill) in aqueous perchloric acid solution were studied in the temperature range 65 to 85°C. The…
(more)
▼ The kinetics of the oxidation of HCOOH by thallium (ill) in aqueous perchloric acid solution were studied in the temperature range 65 to 85°C. The effects of concentration variation, ionic strength, pH and various salts on the rate of reaction were determined.
The kinetics suggest that the reaction proceeds through the formation of an intermediate complex Tl.HCOOH⁺⁺⁺ by the following mechanism
T1⁺⁺⁺ + HCOOH ⇄T1.HCOOH⁺⁺⁺ (K fast equilibrium)
T1HCOOH⁺⁺⁺ → T1⁺ + 2H⁺ + CO₂ (k slow)
On the basis of this mechanism, the following rate equation was derived and found to fit the experimental data.
[Equation omitted]
where a and b are the initial T1⁺⁺⁺ and HCOOH concentrations, respectively, while x is the concentration of T1⁺ at time t. The constants k and K were evaluated kinetically and found to have the values: K = 16.2 liter mole¯¹ (between 65 and 85°C.) and k = 1.2 x 10¹³ exp, [-26,600/RT] sec.¯¹.
The absorption spectra of the solutions also provided evidence for the presence of the postulated complex.
The inhibiting effects of chloride and sulphate ions on the reaction were attributed to their ability to tie up thallium (III) by complexing with it.
Subjects/Keywords: Formic acid;
Thallium
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APA (6th Edition):
Halvorson, H. N. (1956). Kinetics of the homogeneous reaction between formic acid and thallium (III) in aqueous solution.
(Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40510
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Halvorson, Harold Norman. “Kinetics of the homogeneous reaction between formic acid and thallium (III) in aqueous solution.
” 1956. Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40510.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Halvorson, Harold Norman. “Kinetics of the homogeneous reaction between formic acid and thallium (III) in aqueous solution.
” 1956. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Halvorson HN. Kinetics of the homogeneous reaction between formic acid and thallium (III) in aqueous solution.
[Internet] [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1956. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40510.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Halvorson HN. Kinetics of the homogeneous reaction between formic acid and thallium (III) in aqueous solution.
[Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1956. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40510
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Michigan State University
14.
Watson, Sandra Wollert.
Gas-phase decomposition of formic acid in carbon coated vessels.
Degree: MS, Dept. of Chemistry, 1967, Michigan State University
URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:13768
Subjects/Keywords: Formic acid; Carbon
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APA (6th Edition):
Watson, S. W. (1967). Gas-phase decomposition of formic acid in carbon coated vessels. (Masters Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:13768
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Watson, Sandra Wollert. “Gas-phase decomposition of formic acid in carbon coated vessels.” 1967. Masters Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:13768.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Watson, Sandra Wollert. “Gas-phase decomposition of formic acid in carbon coated vessels.” 1967. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Watson SW. Gas-phase decomposition of formic acid in carbon coated vessels. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan State University; 1967. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:13768.
Council of Science Editors:
Watson SW. Gas-phase decomposition of formic acid in carbon coated vessels. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan State University; 1967. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:13768
15.
Rojas, karla Dussan.
Primary conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of furfural and levulinic acid.
Degree: 2014, University of Limerick
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4245
► peer-reviewed
The production of energy and chemicals from renewable resources has gained significant attention as a means to support the transition from fossil fuels towards…
(more)
▼ peer-reviewed
The production of energy and chemicals from renewable resources has gained significant attention as a means to support the transition from fossil fuels towards
clean and sustainable technologies. Due to its availability and rich carbohydrate
composition, lignocellulosic biomass represents a valuable starting material
and requires primary processes to unlock its components. The main focus
of this research was to study and develop further knowledge on the primary
steps of conversion of lignocellulosic materials, i.e. biomass fractionation, cellulose/
hemicellulose hydrolysis, and the production of furanic compounds (furfural,
5-hydroxymethylfurfural) and levulinic acid.
In an initial stage, the fractionation of Miscanthus giganteus and sugarcane
bagasse was investigated using hydrogen peroxide in formic acid solutions. This
treatment removed more than 70% of the lignin in the feedstocks after 13 h at
room temperature and after 15 min at temperatures over 150 °C. The use of
hydrogen peroxide in formic acid under transient temperature facilitated the separation
of >90% of the lignin and 80-98% of hemicellulose sugars, resulting in
nearly pure cellulosic pulps. Likewise, lignin was recovered from the liquor and
presented aromaticity properties proper of Organosolv lignins.
The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to levulinic acid and furfural via acid
hydrolysis was undertaken using sulphuric acid as catalyst. Biomass feedstocks,
including agricultural, municipal wastes (paper) and rotational crops from Brazil
and Ireland, led to levulinic acid yields between 150 and 400 kg/ton dry biomass.
Additionally, the kinetics of acid hydrolysis of Miscanthus to produce levulinic
acid and furfural were studied at mild temperatures (150-200 °C) and high acid
concentrations (0.10-0.53 M H2SO4). A two-stage process was found to maximise
furfural (27.3 mol%) in a first reactor operated at 185 °C with 0.5 M H2SO4. A
second stage leads to levulinic acid yields between 58-72 mol% at temperatures
of 160-200 °C.
A kinetic modelling study of the dehydration reactions of xylose, arabinose and
glucose was carried out using formic acid as catalyst. Experimental data was obtained
from the conversion of xylose, arabinose, glucose and furfural at 130-170
oC and high formic acid concentrations (10-64 wt%). High temperatures (>160
oC) favoured the formation of furfural (62-68 mol%) from xylose and arabinose;
however, fundamental di erences in the reaction mechanisms followed by the pentoses
were found. Formic acid was not an effective catalyst of the conversion of
glucose at temperatures under 150 °C. Temperatures above 200 °C favoured the
formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (20 mol%), while levulinic acid was maximised
(40 mol%) at milder temperatures (170-200 °C). Experimental evidence
was obtained in relation to the side reactions affecting the conversion of xylose
in liquors from the fractionation of Miscanthus. The conversion of xylose, arabinose,
and glucose and the formation of…
Advisors/Committee Members: Leahy, James J., Girisuta, Buana.
Subjects/Keywords: biomass; fractionation; acid hydrolysis; levulinic acid; formic acid; furfural; lignin
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APA (6th Edition):
Rojas, k. D. (2014). Primary conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of furfural and levulinic acid. (Thesis). University of Limerick. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4245
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rojas, karla Dussan. “Primary conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of furfural and levulinic acid.” 2014. Thesis, University of Limerick. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4245.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rojas, karla Dussan. “Primary conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of furfural and levulinic acid.” 2014. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Rojas kD. Primary conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of furfural and levulinic acid. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Limerick; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4245.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Rojas kD. Primary conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of furfural and levulinic acid. [Thesis]. University of Limerick; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/4245
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Manchester
16.
Jones, Benjamin.
Airborne measurements of organic acids, inorganic acids and other trace gas species in the remote regions of the Northern Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer (CIMS).
Degree: PhD, 2016, University of Manchester
URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/airborne-measurements-of-organic-acids-inorganic-acids-and-other-trace-gas-species-in-the-remote-regions-of-the-northern-hemisphere-using-a-chemical-ionisation-mass-spectrometer-cims(b67b7cf5-3ca1-4aaf-ab41-66c2b41c4a2f).html
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.728137
► Formic acid and nitric acid have been found to contribute to aerosol formation and are key components of acidity in the troposphere. Tropospheric measurements of…
(more)
▼ Formic acid and nitric acid have been found to contribute to aerosol formation and are key components of acidity in the troposphere. Tropospheric measurements of these species are often limited, resulting in major uncertainties when assessing their effects on the climate. Current global chemistry-transport models significantly under-predict formic acid concentrations, particularly in the mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Furthermore, large discrepancies exist in the role played by dinitrogen pentoxide on nitric acid production between two recently documented models assessing the global nitric acid budget. In order to accurately constrain the budget of these acids in the mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, it is crucial that these uncertainties are addressed. In this work, airborne measurements of formic acid, nitric acid and dinitrogen pentoxide are presented from across different regions of the Northern Hemisphere to investigate direct and indirect sources contributing to the formic acid and nitric acid regional budgets. Measurements were collected using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer (CIMS) fitted to the Facility for Atmospheric Airborne Measurements (FAAM) BAe-146 aircraft. Formic acid measurements within the European Arctic during March and July 2012 would indicate ocean sources dominate over terrestrial sources irrespective of seasonality. CH2I2 photolysis and oxidation was hypothesised as a marine source of formic acid. Modelled estimates would indicate the CH2I2 reaction route may represent a significant summer marine source of formic acid within the Fenno-Scandinavian Arctic. Additionally, low altitude aircraft measurements taken within the Fenno-Scandinavian Arctic over regions occupied by wetlands in August 2013 were used to calculate a formic acid surface flux. Results would suggest formic acid emission from wetlands may represent up to 37 times greater than its globally inferred estimate. A flux measurement conducted over a comparable region in September 2013 observed a negative flux, indicating a change of this region from a net source to a net sink of formic acid. The inconsistency of this regional wetland source confirms the need for in-depth studies on formic acid emission from wetlands, in order to better understand its contribution to the regional and global formic acid budget. In a separate study, significant daytime elevations of N2O5 and HNO3 concentrations were observed within identified biomass burning plumes off the eastern coast of Canada. In-plume correlations between N2O5 and HNO3 concentrations observed within these environments suggest N2O5 was acting as additional daytime source of gaseous HNO3 when subjected to photolytically-limited conditions. This result has important implications to ozone production and provides evidence for an additional daytime source of nitric acid, which must be included in chemistry models calculating the global nitric acid budget.
Subjects/Keywords: 551.51; CIMS; Dinitrogen Pentoxide; Formic Acid; Nitric Acid
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APA (6th Edition):
Jones, B. (2016). Airborne measurements of organic acids, inorganic acids and other trace gas species in the remote regions of the Northern Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer (CIMS). (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/airborne-measurements-of-organic-acids-inorganic-acids-and-other-trace-gas-species-in-the-remote-regions-of-the-northern-hemisphere-using-a-chemical-ionisation-mass-spectrometer-cims(b67b7cf5-3ca1-4aaf-ab41-66c2b41c4a2f).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.728137
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jones, Benjamin. “Airborne measurements of organic acids, inorganic acids and other trace gas species in the remote regions of the Northern Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer (CIMS).” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed December 14, 2019.
https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/airborne-measurements-of-organic-acids-inorganic-acids-and-other-trace-gas-species-in-the-remote-regions-of-the-northern-hemisphere-using-a-chemical-ionisation-mass-spectrometer-cims(b67b7cf5-3ca1-4aaf-ab41-66c2b41c4a2f).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.728137.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jones, Benjamin. “Airborne measurements of organic acids, inorganic acids and other trace gas species in the remote regions of the Northern Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer (CIMS).” 2016. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Jones B. Airborne measurements of organic acids, inorganic acids and other trace gas species in the remote regions of the Northern Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer (CIMS). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/airborne-measurements-of-organic-acids-inorganic-acids-and-other-trace-gas-species-in-the-remote-regions-of-the-northern-hemisphere-using-a-chemical-ionisation-mass-spectrometer-cims(b67b7cf5-3ca1-4aaf-ab41-66c2b41c4a2f).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.728137.
Council of Science Editors:
Jones B. Airborne measurements of organic acids, inorganic acids and other trace gas species in the remote regions of the Northern Hemisphere using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer (CIMS). [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/airborne-measurements-of-organic-acids-inorganic-acids-and-other-trace-gas-species-in-the-remote-regions-of-the-northern-hemisphere-using-a-chemical-ionisation-mass-spectrometer-cims(b67b7cf5-3ca1-4aaf-ab41-66c2b41c4a2f).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.728137
University of Southern California
17.
Viva, Federico Andres.
Studies on direct methanol, formic acid and related fuel
cells in conjunction with the electrochemical reduction of carbon
dioxide.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2010, University of Southern California
URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/231705/rec/6166
► Although fuel cells are based on a concept dated more than 170 years ago, thorough and focused research did not take place in this field…
(more)
▼ Although fuel cells are based on a concept dated more
than 170 years ago, thorough and focused research did not take
place in this field until the last five decades. Therefore,
considering that fuel cells are the main candidates for portable
power for the near future, there are questions that need to be
answered and problems that need to be solved if wide applications
of fuel cells are to be achieved. The research elaborated in this
thesis was carried out to solve some of the problems and overcome
some of the challenges. On the
subject of Direct
Formic Acid Fuel
Cells, a search for a better and cheaper catalyst than those
already known was conducted, and at the same time conditions for
the Membrane Electrode Assembly preparation were explored.
Concomitantly, the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide was
investigated under conditions that primarily yield
formic acid. The
research was aimed at maximizing the efficiency as well as the rate
of the carbon dioxide reduction.; One of the cathode reactions in
fuel cells, which is the reduction of oxygen to water, is known to
have sluggish kinetics relative to most of the fuel oxidation
reactions. This is another key issue, where breakthroughs are
important and there is still room for improvement. A catalyst based
on Pt supported over carbon monofluoride (CFx) was prepared and
tested in fuel cells cathodes using hydrogen and methanol as fuels.
In addition to the fuel cell performance with the new cathodic
catalyst, electrochemical properties of the catalyst were also
investigated.; The final part of the present thesis is related to
microbial fuel cells. These types of fuel cells have been developed
in the last decade. For this reason, the different components of
the fuel cell and the assembly procedures have neither been
standardized nor their performances maximized. Therefore, the
research was aimed to test different materials for the fuel cell
fabrication as well as to standardize assembly procedures, while at
the same time improving the power output by application of all the
advances that have taken place in chemical fuel
cells.
Advisors/Committee Members: Prakash, G.K. Surya (Committee Chair), Hoegen-Esch, Thieo (Committee Member), Shing, Kathering S. (Committee Member).
Subjects/Keywords: formic acid fuel cell; formic acid electro-oxidation; CO2 electrochemical reduction; oxygen reduction reaction (ORR); microbial fuel cell
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APA (6th Edition):
Viva, F. A. (2010). Studies on direct methanol, formic acid and related fuel
cells in conjunction with the electrochemical reduction of carbon
dioxide. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/231705/rec/6166
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Viva, Federico Andres. “Studies on direct methanol, formic acid and related fuel
cells in conjunction with the electrochemical reduction of carbon
dioxide.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Southern California. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/231705/rec/6166.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Viva, Federico Andres. “Studies on direct methanol, formic acid and related fuel
cells in conjunction with the electrochemical reduction of carbon
dioxide.” 2010. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Viva FA. Studies on direct methanol, formic acid and related fuel
cells in conjunction with the electrochemical reduction of carbon
dioxide. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/231705/rec/6166.
Council of Science Editors:
Viva FA. Studies on direct methanol, formic acid and related fuel
cells in conjunction with the electrochemical reduction of carbon
dioxide. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2010. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/231705/rec/6166
The Ohio State University
18.
Walton, Dean Kirkland.
The decomposition of formic acid vapor on evaporated nickel
films.
Degree: PhD, Graduate School, 1956, The Ohio State University
URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1485795295568969
Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry; Formic acid; Vapors; Nickel
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APA (6th Edition):
Walton, D. K. (1956). The decomposition of formic acid vapor on evaporated nickel
films. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1485795295568969
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Walton, Dean Kirkland. “The decomposition of formic acid vapor on evaporated nickel
films.” 1956. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1485795295568969.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Walton, Dean Kirkland. “The decomposition of formic acid vapor on evaporated nickel
films.” 1956. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Walton DK. The decomposition of formic acid vapor on evaporated nickel
films. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1956. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1485795295568969.
Council of Science Editors:
Walton DK. The decomposition of formic acid vapor on evaporated nickel
films. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1956. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1485795295568969
19.
Sousa, Raphael Nagao de.
Efeito da temperatura na eletro-oxidação oscilatória de ácido fórmico sobre platina: experimentos e simulações.
Degree: Mestrado, Físico-Química, 2009, University of São Paulo
URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-25082009-120021/
;
► Ritmos biológicos são regulados por mecanismos homeostáticos que asseguram a confiabilidade funcional do relógio fisiológico independentemente de mudanças de temperatura no ambiente. Compensação de temperatura,…
(more)
▼ Ritmos biológicos são regulados por mecanismos homeostáticos que asseguram a confiabilidade funcional do relógio fisiológico independentemente de mudanças de temperatura no ambiente. Compensação de temperatura, ou a independência do período oscilatório em relação à temperatura, é conhecida por exercer um papel central em muitos ritmos biológicos, mas um fenômeno raro em osciladores químicos. Estudou-se nessa dissertação a influência da temperatura na dinâmica oscilatória durante a oxidação catalítica de ácido fórmico sobre eletrodo de platina policristalina. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em cinco temperaturas diferentes de 5 à 25 ºC, e as oscilações foram estudadas sob controle galvanostático. Resultados experimentais foram comparados a um novo modelo proposto para a eletro-oxidação de ácido fórmico, considerando formato como intermediário ativo e a desidrogenação da água em altos potenciais. Sob condições oscilatórias apenas comportamento anti-Arrhenius foi observado. Sobre-compensação com coeficiente de temperatura (q10, definido como a razão entre a constante de velocidade à temperatura T + 10 ºC e em T) < 1 é achada para a maioria dos casos, exceto em altas correntes aplicadas onde compensação de temperatura, q10 ~ 1 predomina. O comportamento do período e amplitude resulta de uma combinação complexa entre a temperatura e corrente aplicada ou, equivalentemente, a distância do equilíbrio termodinâmico. Altas energias de ativação aparente foram obtidas em condições voltamétricas, não-oscilatórias, as quais implicam que o comportamento anti-Arrhenius observado sob regime oscilatório resulta de um acoplamento entre as rotas reacionais em vez de uma fraca dependência da temperatura nas etapas elementares. Mecanisticamente, os experimentos e o modelo matemático sugerem que o período em regime de (sobre)compensação de temperatura durante a eletro-oxidação de ácido fórmico sobre platina é governado pelo acoplamento entre as taxas reacionais de formação/remoção de monóxido de carbono e formato em condições oscilatórias.
Biological rhythms are regulated by homeostatic mechanisms that assure that physiological clocks function reliably independent of temperature changes in the environment. Temperature compensation, i.e. the independence of the oscillatory period on temperature, is known to play a central role in many biological rhythms, but it is rather rare in chemical oscillators. It was studied in this master thesis the influence of temperature on the oscillatory dynamics during the catalytic oxidation of formic acid on a polycrystalline platinum electrode. The experiments are performed at five temperatures from 5 to 25 ºC, and the oscillations studied under galvanostatic control. Experimental results are compared to a new model proposed for formic acid electro-oxidation, which includes formate as an active intermediate and water dehydrogenation at high potentials. Under oscillatory conditions only non-Arrhenius behavior is observed. Over-compensation with temperature coefficient (q10, defined as the ratio between…
Advisors/Committee Members: Albuquerque, Hamilton Brandão Varela de.
Subjects/Keywords: (over)compensation; (sobre)compensação; ácido fórmico; formic acid; oscilações; oscillations
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Sousa, R. N. d. (2009). Efeito da temperatura na eletro-oxidação oscilatória de ácido fórmico sobre platina: experimentos e simulações. (Masters Thesis). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-25082009-120021/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sousa, Raphael Nagao de. “Efeito da temperatura na eletro-oxidação oscilatória de ácido fórmico sobre platina: experimentos e simulações.” 2009. Masters Thesis, University of São Paulo. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-25082009-120021/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sousa, Raphael Nagao de. “Efeito da temperatura na eletro-oxidação oscilatória de ácido fórmico sobre platina: experimentos e simulações.” 2009. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Sousa RNd. Efeito da temperatura na eletro-oxidação oscilatória de ácido fórmico sobre platina: experimentos e simulações. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-25082009-120021/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Sousa RNd. Efeito da temperatura na eletro-oxidação oscilatória de ácido fórmico sobre platina: experimentos e simulações. [Masters Thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2009. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-25082009-120021/ ;
Univerzitet u Beogradu
20.
Lović, Jelena, 1971-.
Elektrohemijska oksidacija metanola i mravlje kiseline na
model i realnim katalizatorima.
Degree: Tehnološko-metalurški fakultet, 2014, Univerzitet u Beogradu
URL: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:7546/bdef:Content/get
► Elektrohemija - elektrokataliza / Electrochemistry - electrocatalysis
Prema svim dosadašnjim saznanjima o okisdaciji metanola za odigravanje ove reakcije neophodo je prisustvo OH čestica na površini…
(more)
▼ Elektrohemija - elektrokataliza / Electrochemistry
- electrocatalysis
Prema svim dosadašnjim saznanjima o okisdaciji
metanola za odigravanje ove reakcije neophodo je prisustvo OH
čestica na površini elektrode. One su neophodne i za oksidaciju
mravlje kiseline po jednom od dva paralelna reakciona puta.
Predložena je metoda za utvrđivanje potencijala početka adsorpcije
OH čestica kojom je pokazano da na monokristalima platine, kao i na
platinskom nanokatalizatoru u rastvorima NaOH i HClO4 adsorpcija OH
čestica počinje već u vodoničnoj oblasti. U rastvoru H2SO4
primećena je ometajuća uloga anjona nosećeg elektrolita na proces
adsorpcije OH čestica i stvaranje oksida s obzirom da su ovi
procesi pomereni prema pozitivnijim potencijalima. U okviru
elektrohemijske karakterizacijennanostrukturnih katalizatora
utvrđene su realne površine Pt katalizatora i prosečna veličina Pt
i PtRu čestica koja je u dobroj saglasnosti sa srednjom veličinom
čestica određenom STM i XRD metodom. Oksidacija metanola na
monokristalima platine pokazuje značajnu strukturnu osetljivost
reakcije. Dešava se na potencijalima na kojima se ostvarjuje
adsorpcija OH čestica, a dobijena razlika u aktivnosti među
monokristalnim platinskim elektrodfama objašnjava se različitim
stepenom pokrivenosti povrčine OH česticama. Pt/C katalizator koji
je opissan Kinošitinim modelom, po svojoj aktivnosti je između
aktivnosti (111) i (110) ravni. Do danas jedini detektovani
intermedijer u reakciji oksidacije metanola je COad koji je u
zavisnosti od prisustva OHad čestica neaktivan ili aktivan
intermediejr u reakciji. Ispitivanje oksidacije metanola na
bimetalnom katalizatoru Pt-Ru bio model ili realni ukazuje na
složen uticaj Ru na ponašanje Pt i to na negativnijim potencijalima
kada Ru utiče na raniji početak reakcije, naročito u kiseloh
sredini. Takođe Ru utiče na Pt da na negativnijim potencijalima
ireverzibilno veže kiseonične čestice. Sličnost u strukturi model i
realnog Pt-Ru katalizatora rezultuje u kvalitativno istom ponašanju
ovih elektroda (približno isti potencijal početka reakcije i ista
vrednost Tafelovog nagiba). Na osnovu utvrđenih dijagnostičkih
kriterijuma nha realnim katalizatorima kao spori stupanj u
oksidaciji metanola predložena je elektrohemijska reakcija između
COad i OHad. Reakcija oksidacije metanola je relativno spora i
složena elektrohemijska reakcija, tako da su ovi problemi podstakli
ispitivanje drugog organskog molekula, a to je mravlja kiselina.
Pokazano je da aktivnost platinskih elektroda zavisi od udela
direktnog puta u ukupnoj reakciji tj. Od reakcije dehidrogenacije
mravlje kiseline. Nastanak čestica otrova (COad ) u reakciji
oksidacije mravlje kiseline zavisi od potencijala, vremena i
kristalografse orijentacije. Na pozitivnijim potencijalima kada
dolazi do adsorpcije OH čestica, COad se oksidiše do CO2 i tako
postaje reaktivni intermedijer. Uloga rutenijuma u reakciji
oksidacije mravlje kiseline je drugačija u odnosu na onu koju ima
reakcija oksidacije metanola iz razloga što je on aktivan za
adsorpciju mravlje kiseline za…
Advisors/Committee Members: Gojković, Snežana, 1964-.
Subjects/Keywords: methanol; formic acid; Pt and PtRu model and real
catalysts
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Lović, Jelena, 1. (2014). Elektrohemijska oksidacija metanola i mravlje kiseline na
model i realnim katalizatorima. (Thesis). Univerzitet u Beogradu. Retrieved from https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:7546/bdef:Content/get
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lović, Jelena, 1971-. “Elektrohemijska oksidacija metanola i mravlje kiseline na
model i realnim katalizatorima.” 2014. Thesis, Univerzitet u Beogradu. Accessed December 14, 2019.
https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:7546/bdef:Content/get.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lović, Jelena, 1971-. “Elektrohemijska oksidacija metanola i mravlje kiseline na
model i realnim katalizatorima.” 2014. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Lović, Jelena 1. Elektrohemijska oksidacija metanola i mravlje kiseline na
model i realnim katalizatorima. [Internet] [Thesis]. Univerzitet u Beogradu; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:7546/bdef:Content/get.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Lović, Jelena 1. Elektrohemijska oksidacija metanola i mravlje kiseline na
model i realnim katalizatorima. [Thesis]. Univerzitet u Beogradu; 2014. Available from: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:7546/bdef:Content/get
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Wright State University
21.
Holtkamp, John Calvin.
New Formic Acid Fuel Cell Orientations to Reduce the Cost of
Cell Components.
Degree: MSEgr, Materials Science and Engineering, 2009, Wright State University
URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1257239630
► Formic acid fuel cells show the potential of outperforming or replacing direct methanol fuel cells. A number of issues need to be overcome in order…
(more)
▼ Formic acid fuel cells show the potential of
outperforming or replacing direct methanol fuel cells. A number of
issues need to be overcome in order for fuel cells, specifically
formic acid fuel cells, to be seriously considered for use in small
electronic devices. One of the largest issues inhibiting the
commercial success of fuel cells is the cost of the components. The
catalyst and ion-conducting membrane, key components in a fuel
cell, are both expensive. With the current amount of costly
materials needed to construct a fuel cell, fuel cells will have
limited success in becoming mainstream power sources in the near
future. The focus of this research is to construct a new
formic
acid fuel cell orientation which can replace the expensive
ion-conducting membrane with a more cost effective
component.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jang, Bor Zeng B. (Advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Energy; Engineering; Materials Science; fuel cell; formic acid; hybrid
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APA (6th Edition):
Holtkamp, J. C. (2009). New Formic Acid Fuel Cell Orientations to Reduce the Cost of
Cell Components. (Masters Thesis). Wright State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1257239630
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Holtkamp, John Calvin. “New Formic Acid Fuel Cell Orientations to Reduce the Cost of
Cell Components.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Wright State University. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1257239630.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Holtkamp, John Calvin. “New Formic Acid Fuel Cell Orientations to Reduce the Cost of
Cell Components.” 2009. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Holtkamp JC. New Formic Acid Fuel Cell Orientations to Reduce the Cost of
Cell Components. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Wright State University; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1257239630.
Council of Science Editors:
Holtkamp JC. New Formic Acid Fuel Cell Orientations to Reduce the Cost of
Cell Components. [Masters Thesis]. Wright State University; 2009. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1257239630
Technical University of Lisbon
22.
Neves, Elisabete Dias das.
Utilização da citometria de fluxo multiparamétrica na monitorização da resposta fisiológica da levedura Saccharomyces carlsbergensis em presença de ácido fórmico na produção de bioetanol.
Degree: 2011, Technical University of Lisbon
URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4110
► Mestrado em Engenharia de Sistemas Bioenergéticos - Instituto Superior de Agronomia / Instituto Superior Técnico / Faculdade de Ciências. Universidade de Lisboa
The concern with…
(more)
▼ Mestrado em Engenharia de Sistemas Bioenergéticos - Instituto Superior de Agronomia / Instituto Superior Técnico / Faculdade de Ciências. Universidade de Lisboa
The concern with the environmental impacts regarding the use of fossil fuels in the energy sector has triggered the search for new renewable energy sources.
The aim of this study was to monitor the physiological response of the yeast Saccharomyces carlsbergensis cells in fermentation assays performed with the addition of formic acid by multi-parameter flow cytometry.
The biomass production was more affected by formic acid concentrations higher than 5 g.L-1. Nevertheless, the lowest biomass yield (0,034g.g-1) as well as the lower ethanol yield (35% reduction regarding the assay without inhibitor) were attained with 20g.L-1 of formic acid.
The multi-parameter flow cytometry analysis showed that in the presence of 5 g.L-1 of inhibitor during the exponential growth phase there are some stress indicators such as the increase in the number of cells with depolarized membrane and the increase in the number of cells with reactive oxygen species, although the yeast continues to respond in terms of biomass and ethanol productions.
The results on ethanol production indicate that the use of this yeast in lignocellulosic hydrolisates fermentation may be interesting due to its resistance to the effect of formic acid when compared to other yeasts like Saccharomyces cerevisae whose inhibition effects of formic acid are registered for concentrations over 4,6 g.L-1 (Larson et al., 2009).
Advisors/Committee Members: Silva, Maria Teresa Saraiva Lopes da, Brito, Maria Luísa de Castro, Passarinho, Paula Cristina Varela.
Subjects/Keywords: Saccharomyces carlsbergensis; bioethanol; inhibition; formic acid; multiparameter flow cytometry
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APA (6th Edition):
Neves, E. D. d. (2011). Utilização da citometria de fluxo multiparamétrica na monitorização da resposta fisiológica da levedura Saccharomyces carlsbergensis em presença de ácido fórmico na produção de bioetanol. (Thesis). Technical University of Lisbon. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4110
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Neves, Elisabete Dias das. “Utilização da citometria de fluxo multiparamétrica na monitorização da resposta fisiológica da levedura Saccharomyces carlsbergensis em presença de ácido fórmico na produção de bioetanol.” 2011. Thesis, Technical University of Lisbon. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4110.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Neves, Elisabete Dias das. “Utilização da citometria de fluxo multiparamétrica na monitorização da resposta fisiológica da levedura Saccharomyces carlsbergensis em presença de ácido fórmico na produção de bioetanol.” 2011. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Neves EDd. Utilização da citometria de fluxo multiparamétrica na monitorização da resposta fisiológica da levedura Saccharomyces carlsbergensis em presença de ácido fórmico na produção de bioetanol. [Internet] [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4110.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Neves EDd. Utilização da citometria de fluxo multiparamétrica na monitorização da resposta fisiológica da levedura Saccharomyces carlsbergensis em presença de ácido fórmico na produção de bioetanol. [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2011. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4110
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
23.
Suo, Yange.
Development of nanoscale catalysts for direct liquid-fed fuel cell applications.
Degree: 2011, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
URL: https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1154900
;
http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7304/1/th_redirect.html
► Direct liquid-fed fuel cell is a promising power device for applications, such as consumer electronic products. Formic acid and ethanol are considered to be good…
(more)
▼ Direct liquid-fed fuel cell is a promising power device for applications, such as consumer electronic products. Formic acid and ethanol are considered to be good candidates as the fuels. Among the major technical hurdles in direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) and direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC), low activities of electrocatalysts are known to be one of the key factors that affect the performance of fuel cell systems. This thesis focuses on development of highly active catalysts for both formic acid and ethanol oxidation as well as on investigation of the reaction mechanisms. This work starts with development of robust protocols for synthesis of Pd and Pd based binary catalyst. Without using “explicit” protective reagent, Pd nanoparticles with a controlled size ranging from 3.9 to 7.5 nm were produced. In addition, based on the idea of reaction engineering control, a novel protocol that enables the production of both alloy and non-alloy Pd-Au binary catalysts were developed. This strategy was demonstrated to be applicable for synthesis of other binary alloy catalyst, i.e., Pd-Rh. Interesting electrochemical properties of the as prepared Pd and Pd based binary (PdAu, PdRh) nanoparticles for formic acid oxidation were observed. Other than synthesizing binary catalyst, this approach ensured the production of well distributed Rh/C. Improved activity of Rh/C compared with conventional Pd/C for ethanol oxidation in alkaline medium was found. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was utilized for investigation of the reaction mechanisms. Our impedance study on formic acid oxidation suggest that unlike that on Pt/C, formic acid oxidation on Pd/C mainly follows the dehydrogenation pathway without generation of poisonous species, i.e. COads. Moreover, distinct impedance behaviors of ethanol oxidation on Rh/C and Pd/C suggest that ethanol oxidation on these two catalysts could follow different reaction pathways, which could be the reason for the observed higher activity of Rh/C compared with Pd/C. The development of the highly active nanocatalysts is believed to contribute to the improvement of the performance of fuel cell systems, while the study on the reaction mechanism provides better understanding and potential opportunities for the advancement of the fuel cell technologies.
Subjects/Keywords: Fuel cells; Nanoparticles; Catalysts; Formic acid – Oxidation; Ethanol as fuel
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Suo, Y. (2011). Development of nanoscale catalysts for direct liquid-fed fuel cell applications. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1154900 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7304/1/th_redirect.html
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Suo, Yange. “Development of nanoscale catalysts for direct liquid-fed fuel cell applications.” 2011. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed December 14, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1154900 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7304/1/th_redirect.html.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Suo, Yange. “Development of nanoscale catalysts for direct liquid-fed fuel cell applications.” 2011. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Suo Y. Development of nanoscale catalysts for direct liquid-fed fuel cell applications. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1154900 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7304/1/th_redirect.html.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Suo Y. Development of nanoscale catalysts for direct liquid-fed fuel cell applications. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2011. Available from: https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1154900 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7304/1/th_redirect.html
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Miami University
24.
Dai, Lin.
Electrocatalysis at Metal Nanomaterials.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2012, Miami University
URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1343189565
► Direct liquid fuel cells, such as direct methanol fuel cells and direct formic acid fuel cells, have attracted much attention in the past decades due…
(more)
▼ Direct liquid fuel cells, such as direct methanol fuel
cells and direct
formic acid fuel cells, have attracted much
attention in the past decades due to the need of clean and
efficient power sources. One of the most critical issues in the
development of highly efficient fuel cells is to increase the rates
of fuel-cell reactions as a commercial product. As a result, the
topic of electrocatalysis plays a significant role in the
investigations of fuel cell reactions. For methanol oxidation,
platinum based nanomaterials are the most important catalysts. For
formic acid oxidation, both platinum and palladium based
nanomaterials are widely employed as the catalysts. Recently,
shape-control of the nanoparticles has become an imperative task
due to the fact that most of the reactions in fuel cells are
sensitive to the surface structure of the catalysts. Though
numerous studies have been conducted in past to elucidate the
catalytic activity on the nanomaterials with different shapes, the
results are inconclusive. Herein, systematic comparison of
catalytic activity toward methanol and
formic acid oxidation on
shape-controlled cubic platinum-based alloy nanoparticles with
different alloy element are reported in this dissertation. Methanol
and
formic acid oxidation reactions on spherical and cubic Pt-Cu
nanoparticles are also studied. Cu-Pd nanoparticles are synthesized
through galvanic redox reactions to provide significantly higher
and much more stable
formic acid oxidation activities.
Interparticle distance effect is investigated on two dimensional
nanoparticle array electrodes with controlled particle size, which
is ideal model system for exploring the interparticle distance
effects on the voltammetric behavior and reaction
mechanisms.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sommer, Andre (Committee Chair), Zou, Shouzhong (Advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry; electrocatalysis; metal nanoparticles; methanol; formic acid; fuel cell
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APA (6th Edition):
Dai, L. (2012). Electrocatalysis at Metal Nanomaterials. (Doctoral Dissertation). Miami University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1343189565
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dai, Lin. “Electrocatalysis at Metal Nanomaterials.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Miami University. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1343189565.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dai, Lin. “Electrocatalysis at Metal Nanomaterials.” 2012. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Dai L. Electrocatalysis at Metal Nanomaterials. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Miami University; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1343189565.
Council of Science Editors:
Dai L. Electrocatalysis at Metal Nanomaterials. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Miami University; 2012. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1343189565
Montana State University
25.
Rall, Richard Randolph.
Separation of formic acid/dioxane and formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone by extractive distillation.
Degree: College of Engineering, 1989, Montana State University
URL: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/7045
Subjects/Keywords: Distillation.; Azeotropes.; Formic acid.
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APA (6th Edition):
Rall, R. R. (1989). Separation of formic acid/dioxane and formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone by extractive distillation. (Thesis). Montana State University. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/7045
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rall, Richard Randolph. “Separation of formic acid/dioxane and formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone by extractive distillation.” 1989. Thesis, Montana State University. Accessed December 14, 2019.
https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/7045.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rall, Richard Randolph. “Separation of formic acid/dioxane and formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone by extractive distillation.” 1989. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Rall RR. Separation of formic acid/dioxane and formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone by extractive distillation. [Internet] [Thesis]. Montana State University; 1989. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/7045.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Rall RR. Separation of formic acid/dioxane and formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone by extractive distillation. [Thesis]. Montana State University; 1989. Available from: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/7045
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Montana State University
26.
Bentu, George.
Separation of formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone, formic acid/acetic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone, formic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone and m-xylene/o-xylene by extractive distillation.
Degree: College of Engineering, 1990, Montana State University
URL: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/6798
Subjects/Keywords: Distillation.; Formic acid.; Extraction (Chemistry)
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APA (6th Edition):
Bentu, G. (1990). Separation of formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone, formic acid/acetic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone, formic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone and m-xylene/o-xylene by extractive distillation. (Thesis). Montana State University. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/6798
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bentu, George. “Separation of formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone, formic acid/acetic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone, formic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone and m-xylene/o-xylene by extractive distillation.” 1990. Thesis, Montana State University. Accessed December 14, 2019.
https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/6798.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bentu, George. “Separation of formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone, formic acid/acetic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone, formic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone and m-xylene/o-xylene by extractive distillation.” 1990. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Bentu G. Separation of formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone, formic acid/acetic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone, formic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone and m-xylene/o-xylene by extractive distillation. [Internet] [Thesis]. Montana State University; 1990. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/6798.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Bentu G. Separation of formic acid/3-methyl-2-butanone, formic acid/acetic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone, formic acid/4-methyl-2-pentanone and m-xylene/o-xylene by extractive distillation. [Thesis]. Montana State University; 1990. Available from: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/6798
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Victoria
27.
Sacci, Robert Lee.
Electrooxidation of carbon monoxide and formic acid on polycrystalline palladium.
Degree: Dept. of Chemistry, 2012, University of Victoria
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3964
► A systematic study of formic acid electrooxidation on polycrystalline palladium is presented. The study begins with a discussion on the oxide growth process on platinum…
(more)
▼ A systematic study of
formic acid electrooxidation on polycrystalline palladium is presented. The study begins with a discussion on the oxide growth process on platinum and palladium. CO electrooxidation under controlled mass transport is studied in order to elucidate the manner in which Pd interacts with CO, a proposed poisoning species in
formic acid oxidation. The mechanism of
formic acid oxidation is studied using various potentiodynamic techniques, including dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, which provides impedance measurements during a voltammogram. Through kinetic analysis, a model for the oxidation was developed. The impedance measurements support both the dc measurements as well as the results of the oxidation model. It was determined that CO formation was slow on Pd within the time scale of the experiments. The chief cause of surface deactivate was then determined to be the Pd surface interaction with the (bi)sulfate adsorption in the double layer region.
Advisors/Committee Members: Harrington, David A. (supervisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Carbon monoxide; formic acid; fuel cells; impedance; Electrochemistry; Oxidation; Kinetics
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APA (6th Edition):
Sacci, R. L. (2012). Electrooxidation of carbon monoxide and formic acid on polycrystalline palladium. (Thesis). University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3964
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sacci, Robert Lee. “Electrooxidation of carbon monoxide and formic acid on polycrystalline palladium.” 2012. Thesis, University of Victoria. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3964.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sacci, Robert Lee. “Electrooxidation of carbon monoxide and formic acid on polycrystalline palladium.” 2012. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Sacci RL. Electrooxidation of carbon monoxide and formic acid on polycrystalline palladium. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3964.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Sacci RL. Electrooxidation of carbon monoxide and formic acid on polycrystalline palladium. [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3964
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
28.
Piola, Lorenzo.
A multi-diverse approach to catalysis : ruthenium, gold and FLP catalysis
.
Degree: 2018, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13270
► Ruthenium-based homogenous catalysis is a broad and extremely useful branch of transition metal catalysis. Surely, the most famous example is olefin metathesis, for which Yves…
(more)
▼ Ruthenium-based homogenous catalysis is a broad and extremely useful branch of transition metal catalysis. Surely, the most famous example is olefin metathesis, for which Yves Chauvin, Robert Grubbs and Richard Schrock were awarded the 2005 Chemistry Nobel Prize. Although some of the most well-known catalysts are widely used and considered benchmark catalysts, the research around this topic has not stopped. The modification of known systems to achieve better performance and better understanding of the catalytic mechanism is very important and an example of such modification is reported in this thesis. The newly synthesised catalysts were compared to the parent commercially available catalyst showing better reactivity.
Ruthenium catalysis, though, is not limited to olefin metathesis and C-H activation, for example, it has become a useful approach to the functionalisation of organic molecules. In this field, the deuteration of C-H bonds is an interesting transformation, which has many applications. The synthesis of new hydridosilylruthenium complexes and their application in the deuteration of a variety of substrates is reported in this manuscript. The unprecedented synthesis of tetradeuterated Ketoprofene is also reported.
Recently, ruthenium-based catalysts have found application in the dehydrogenation of suitable compounds, such as
formic acid, ammonia-borane and other hydrogen-rich substances. The driving force behind these discoveries is the use of H₂ as an energy vector in place of fossil fuels. A hydrido-ruthenium catalyst was shown to catalyse the decomposition of
formic acid in CO₂ and H₂ and to catalyse the reduction of olefinic substrates.
The released CO₂ from the reaction did not interfere with the fuel cell due to its inertness. This property makes its employment as C1 source very challenging, although its use would also be extremely attractive because of the abundance of this gas. In these regards, both frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) and gold catalysts have shown interesting reactivity in the activation of CO₂. A new FLP and a silica supported gold catalyst were synthesised to test them in CO₂ activation and the results are reported in this manuscript.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kamer, Paul (Paul C. J.) (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Ruthenium;
Gold;
FLP;
Metathesis;
C-H activation;
Hydrogenation;
Formic acid
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APA (6th Edition):
Piola, L. (2018). A multi-diverse approach to catalysis : ruthenium, gold and FLP catalysis
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13270
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Piola, Lorenzo. “A multi-diverse approach to catalysis : ruthenium, gold and FLP catalysis
.” 2018. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13270.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Piola, Lorenzo. “A multi-diverse approach to catalysis : ruthenium, gold and FLP catalysis
.” 2018. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Piola L. A multi-diverse approach to catalysis : ruthenium, gold and FLP catalysis
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13270.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Piola L. A multi-diverse approach to catalysis : ruthenium, gold and FLP catalysis
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13270
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Delaware
29.
Eddy, Jennifer Wood.
Development of molecular catalysts for fuel cell applications
.
Degree: 2017, University of Delaware
URL: http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/23046
► Formic acid has been proposed as a hydrogen storage medium; however, this necessitates efficient and selective catalysts for the dehydrogenation of formic acid to produce…
(more)
▼ Formic acid has been proposed as a hydrogen storage medium; however, this
necessitates efficient and selective catalysts for the dehydrogenation of formic acid to
produce H2 and CO2. Consequently, we have developed palladium based complexes
supported by chelating bis-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands and probed the
activity of such complexes for the dehydrogenation of formic acid. The formic acid
dehydrogenation properties of [(MDCMes)Pd(MeCN)2](PF6)2 in MeCN with
triethylamine additive were monitored using water displacement and gas
chromatography to show a 1:1 ratio of CO2:H2 production with no detection of CO,
and a modest turnover frequency (TOF, 325 h-1) and turnover number (TON, 185).
The [(MDCMes)Pd(MeCN)2](PF6)2 catalyst was used under relatively mild conditions
and is the first example of a homogenous palladium catalyst with any reasonable
activity for formic acid dehydrogenation. The original catalyst motif was modified by
changing either the NHC wingtip substituents or the coordinating ligands. This family
of complexes was characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray
crystallography, and studied for formic acid dehydrogenation. The modified
complexes were found to be less active than the parent catalyst. ☐ From these initial studies, a mechanism was proposed and probed using several
kinetic studies, including Eyring and Arrhenius analyses. These studies supported the
proposed mechanism and suggested that the opening of a coordination site on
palladium for subsequent b-hydride elimination was the rate determining step of H2
liberation. Based on the proposed mechanism, the reaction system with [(MDCMes)Pd(MeCN)2](PF6)2 as catalyst was further optimized by changing the base
from triethylamine to Hünig’s base. The initial TOF for the reaction with Hünig’s base
was determined to be 414 h-1 and the total TON was increased to 353. Additionally,
formic acid could be added up to 18 times with catalytic activity. ☐ The 4e–/4H+ reduction of oxygen to water is an important reaction that takes
place at the cathode of fuel cells; therefore, catalysts that are selective for this reaction
are highly desired. The calix[4]phyrin is a tetrapyrrole macrocycle that exhibits unique
properties due to the incorporation of two sp3 hybridized meso carbons. We wished to
explore these unique macrocycles and corresponding metal complexes with the goal of
applications to catalysis, in particular the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The
freebase calix[4]phyrin was synthesized by modifying a streamlined procedure for
tetrapyrrole macrocycle synthesis previously utilized in our laboratory for the related
phlorin macrocycle. The freebase calix[4]phyrin macrocycle was then metalated to
give the corresponding zinc, copper, nickel and cobalt complexes. These metal
complexes were characterized using a variety of methods, including X-ray
crystallography, UV-vis spectroscopy, differential pulse voltammetry and cyclic
voltammetry. ☐ The cobalt calix[4]phyrin was studied as a catalyst for…
Subjects/Keywords: Pure sciences;
Applied sciences;
Catalysts;
Formic acid;
Fuel
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APA (6th Edition):
Eddy, J. W. (2017). Development of molecular catalysts for fuel cell applications
. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Delaware. Retrieved from http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/23046
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Eddy, Jennifer Wood. “Development of molecular catalysts for fuel cell applications
.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Delaware. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/23046.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Eddy, Jennifer Wood. “Development of molecular catalysts for fuel cell applications
.” 2017. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Eddy JW. Development of molecular catalysts for fuel cell applications
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Delaware; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/23046.
Council of Science Editors:
Eddy JW. Development of molecular catalysts for fuel cell applications
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Delaware; 2017. Available from: http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/23046
University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign
30.
Lopez-Montesinos, Pedro O.
Monolithically integrated micro fuel cells for on-chip power generation.
Degree: PhD, 0300, 2011, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24431
► The portable technology has emerged with miniature, highly integrated consumer electronics with multi-tasking capability in part enabled by recent advances in wireless communication and data…
(more)
▼ The portable technology has emerged with miniature, highly integrated consumer electronics with multi-tasking capability in part enabled by recent advances in wireless communication and data transmission. Similarly, the next generation of autonomous microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is expected to perform in the diverse arenas of medicine, environmental sciences, and engineering. These new power demands have fostered the development of high energy density micro-fuel cells that can be integrated into these devices, while preserving their latitude and portability (Chapter 1). Monolithic integration offers the possibility of cofabricating micro-fuel cells along with other electronic components on the same chip to enable overall device miniaturization, weight and cost reduction, and improved signal integrity. However, to achieve such a method of integration, the cells must be built conform to the microfabrication technologies for integrated circuits (IC) and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) standards. Therefore, key challenges, such as the incompatibility of fuel cell materials (e.g., perfluorosulfonic
acid polymer membrane, carbon-based layers) with the aforementioned technologies, and integration issues must be overcome (Chapter 2). In this work, we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of an on-chip monolithically integrated micro-fuel cell. By omitting the integration of the proton exchange membrane (PEM), the design resulted in a planar, IC-compatible micro laminar flow fuel cell (μLFFC) suitable for on-chip power (Chapter 3). The principles of any working micro-fuel cell are of strongly coupled, non-linear multiphysics nature. Therefore, the change of one operating parameter (e.g., reactant concentration, flow rate) may induce a chain of physicochemical and electrochemical events that produces a non-obvious impact in overall micro-fuel cell integrity, performance, and efficiency. We have developed a fully-coupled numerical model that includes all transport processes and electrochemical phenomena that occur within an operating micro-fuel cell. The model is useful to design, characterize, and optimize LFFCs (Chapter 4). While the microfabrication lines and integration approaches presented herein have proven that laminar flow (membraneless) fuel cells can be monolithically integrated for on-chip power, the modeling efforts can predict performance upfront for step-wise design of superior cells.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kenis, Paul J.A. (advisor), Kenis, Paul J.A. (Committee Chair), Miley, George H. (committee member), Rao, Christopher V. (committee member), Harley, Brendan A. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Micro-fuel cell; Monolithic; Planar; Membraneless; Laminar flow; Formic Acid
Record Details
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Record Details
Similar Records
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Lopez-Montesinos, P. O. (2011). Monolithically integrated micro fuel cells for on-chip power generation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24431
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lopez-Montesinos, Pedro O. “Monolithically integrated micro fuel cells for on-chip power generation.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed December 14, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24431.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lopez-Montesinos, Pedro O. “Monolithically integrated micro fuel cells for on-chip power generation.” 2011. Web. 14 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Lopez-Montesinos PO. Monolithically integrated micro fuel cells for on-chip power generation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 14].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24431.
Council of Science Editors:
Lopez-Montesinos PO. Monolithically integrated micro fuel cells for on-chip power generation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24431
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations
