You searched for subject:(Foraging).
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University of Montana
1.
Kucera, Stephanie Carsten.
Risk-Sensitive Foraging in Humans Budgeting Time: Correlated with Real-World Financial Situation.
Degree: PhD, 2006, University of Montana
URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/842 
► Foraging theory has been studied extensively in non-human animals. Using models developed through animal-study, researchers have recently begun to examine how humans make decisions with…
(more)
▼ Foraging theory has been studied extensively in non-human animals. Using models developed through animal-study, researchers have recently begun to examine how humans make decisions with regard to resource-expenditure. Using a computer-based task, the proposed study investigated risk-sensitive decision-making, in humans. Participants were asked to "spend" a most valuable resource, time, in order to complete a computer-based task. Participants were asked to choose between two computer-generated selection boxes, each yielding a different delay-value. However, participants were given different feedback as to how each session progressed (i.e. whether ahead or behind) depending on the budget condition to which he was assigned. It was found that both males and females were sensitive to budget condition such that participants were more risk-averse under the positive budget condition and all participants were less risk-averse under the negative budget condition. A questionnaire on participants' financial situation and goals was also included.
Subjects/Keywords: Foraging
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APA (6th Edition):
Kucera, S. C. (2006). Risk-Sensitive Foraging in Humans Budgeting Time: Correlated with Real-World Financial Situation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Montana. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/842
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kucera, Stephanie Carsten. “Risk-Sensitive Foraging in Humans Budgeting Time: Correlated with Real-World Financial Situation.” 2006. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Montana. Accessed January 23, 2021.
https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/842.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kucera, Stephanie Carsten. “Risk-Sensitive Foraging in Humans Budgeting Time: Correlated with Real-World Financial Situation.” 2006. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kucera SC. Risk-Sensitive Foraging in Humans Budgeting Time: Correlated with Real-World Financial Situation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Montana; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/842.
Council of Science Editors:
Kucera SC. Risk-Sensitive Foraging in Humans Budgeting Time: Correlated with Real-World Financial Situation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Montana; 2006. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/842
University of Alberta
2.
McNickle, Gordon Guy.
Root foraging behaviour of plants: new theory, new methods
and new ideas.
Degree: PhD, Department of Biological Sciences, 2010, University of Alberta
URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/9g54xk243
► All organisms, including plants, experience variability in the environment which puts pressure on organisms to evolve flexible responses. The study of these responses by organisms…
(more)
▼ All organisms, including plants, experience
variability in the environment which puts pressure on organisms to
evolve flexible responses. The study of these responses by
organisms falls into the discipline of behavioural ecology. In this
thesis, I am interested in the foraging behaviour of plant roots
and I have two goals. First, I will use foraging theory from the
animal literature to determine whether plants forage in ways that
are similar to animals. Second, I will show how the adoption of
foraging theory for plants can lead to a better theoretical
understanding of coexistence of plants. I begin with a discussion
of the major differences between plants and animals in their
foraging behaviour and how this can be incorporated in to a more
general predictive framework of plant foraging behaviour. I follow
this discussion with two empirical tests of classic foraging
models. First, I test a patch use model from the animal literature
to determine if it can predict plant foraging behaviour. My results
show that plants foraged for patches using the same strategies used
by animals. Second, I test a resource choice model from the animal
literature. These data indicated that plants select different types
of nitrogen using the same resource choice strategies as foraging
animals. These two studies reveal some basic foraging abilities of
plants, however the experiments were performed in the absence of
resource competition, a condition seldom experienced by plants in
nature. To overcome difficulties in studying plant roots grown with
neighbours I developed a molecular method for the identification of
visually indistinguishable plant roots from competition
experiments. Finally, I apply the molecular method to examine
whether resource patchiness in soil can increase the intensity of
competition experienced by foraging plants, and that the presence
of neighbours influences the foraging strategies of plants.
Together the results presented in this thesis show that plants use
the same basic foraging strategies as animals, and that foraging
behaviour can be linked to competition and coexistence of plant
species.
Subjects/Keywords: root foraging; foraging theory; plant behaviour
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APA (6th Edition):
McNickle, G. G. (2010). Root foraging behaviour of plants: new theory, new methods
and new ideas. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/9g54xk243
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
McNickle, Gordon Guy. “Root foraging behaviour of plants: new theory, new methods
and new ideas.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 23, 2021.
https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/9g54xk243.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
McNickle, Gordon Guy. “Root foraging behaviour of plants: new theory, new methods
and new ideas.” 2010. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
McNickle GG. Root foraging behaviour of plants: new theory, new methods
and new ideas. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/9g54xk243.
Council of Science Editors:
McNickle GG. Root foraging behaviour of plants: new theory, new methods
and new ideas. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2010. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/9g54xk243
University of Georgia
3.
Donofrio, Erik.
Velocity.
Degree: 2016, University of Georgia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/36075
► Due to overfishing, land-use change, and climate change, many freshwater salmonid populations are at risk or already imperiled. Research addressing the biological mechanisms behind habitat…
(more)
▼ Due to overfishing, land-use change, and climate change, many freshwater salmonid populations are at risk or already imperiled. Research addressing the biological mechanisms behind habitat selection is important if these populations are to
be protected and restored. A literature review of salmonid habitat selection models has shown there is a lack of habitat selection data that relate a fitness surrogate, such as energy intake, to habitat selection. Descriptive studies of habitat
selection, such as comparisons between use and availability, generally cannot elucidate the actual mechanisms producing differential selection of habitats. To identify potential factors affecting the decline of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
in Alaska, we examined the relationship between reactive distance, prey capture success, and water velocity for juvenile Chinook Salmon and used these results test the net energy gain habitat selection model of Grossman et al. (2002). We conducted two
experiments, the first with 27 fish between 58 and 84 mm standard length (SL) and weight between 2.8 and 7.5 grams, and the second using pairs of dominant and subordinate fish (i.e., larger and smaller, mean difference= 7 mm (SL)) to test for the effects
of dominance on prey capture success. Using an artificial stream tank, we tested juvenile Chinook Salmon at 10 cm/s velocity increments (10 cm/s to 60 cm/s) using frozen brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) as prey. Reactive distances for single fish trials
averaged 32.7 cm and did not show significant velocity effects (p=0.66). Velocity was inversely related to prey capture success in a non-linear manner (p<0.001) and we found a significant difference between fish holding velocities and prey-capture
velocities (p<0.001). Using the Grossman et al. (2002) model, we predicted that 35.4 cm/s should be the optimal focal-point velocity for juvenile Chinook Salmon. Analyzing videos of juvenile Chinook Salmon in the Chena River, we found they occupied a
microhabitat velocity of 12 cm/s, most likely due to the effects of predation. The dominance experiment indicated there was no significant difference in reactive distances between dominant and subordinate fish (p=0.16) but dominants captured
significantly more prey than subordinates (p<0.001). Holding velocities for dominant and subordinate fish were significantly different than prey-capture velocities (p<0.001) and there was no significant difference between the dominant (26.3 cm/s)
and subordinate (21.4 cm/s) holding velocities (p=0.47).
Subjects/Keywords: habitat selection; microhabitat; foraging success; optimal foraging
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APA (6th Edition):
Donofrio, E. (2016). Velocity. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/36075
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Donofrio, Erik. “Velocity.” 2016. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10724/36075.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Donofrio, Erik. “Velocity.” 2016. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Donofrio E. Velocity. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/36075.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Donofrio E. Velocity. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/36075
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Colorado
4.
Krishnan, Nikhil.
Foraging in Stochastic Environments.
Degree: MS, Applied Mathematics, 2019, University of Colorado
URL: https://scholar.colorado.edu/appm_gradetds/145
► For many organisms, foraging for food and resources is integral to survival. Mathematical models of foraging can provide insight into the benefits and drawbacks…
(more)
▼ For many organisms,
foraging for food and resources is integral to survival. Mathematical models of
foraging can provide insight into the benefits and drawbacks of different
foraging strategies. We begin by considering the movement of a memoryless starving forager on a one-dimensional periodic lattice, where each location contains one unit of food. As the forager lands on sites with food, it consumes the food leaving the sites empty. If the forager lands consecutively on a certain number of empty sites, then it starves. The forager has two modes of movement: it can either diffuse by moving with equal probability to adjacent lattice sites, or it can jump uniformly randomly amongst the lattice sites. The lifetime of the forager can be approximated in either paradigm by the sum of the cover time plus the number of empty sites it can visit before starving. The lifetime of the forager varies nonmontonically according to the probability of jumping. The tradeoff between jumps and diffusion is explored using simpler systems as well as numerical simulation, and we demonstrate that the best strategy is one that incorporates both jumps and diffusion. When long range jumps are time-penalized, counterintuitively, this shifts the optimal strategy to pure jumping. We next consider optimal strategies for a group of foragers to search for a target (such as food in an environment where it is sparsely located). There is a single target in one of several patches, with a greater penalty if the foragers decide to switch their positions among the patches. Both in the case of a single searcher, and in the case of a group of searchers, efficient deterministic strategies can be found to locate the target.
Advisors/Committee Members: Zachary Kilpatrick, Nancy Rodriguez, Juan Restrepo.
Subjects/Keywords: Foraging; Dynamic Systems
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APA (6th Edition):
Krishnan, N. (2019). Foraging in Stochastic Environments. (Masters Thesis). University of Colorado. Retrieved from https://scholar.colorado.edu/appm_gradetds/145
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Krishnan, Nikhil. “Foraging in Stochastic Environments.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Colorado. Accessed January 23, 2021.
https://scholar.colorado.edu/appm_gradetds/145.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Krishnan, Nikhil. “Foraging in Stochastic Environments.” 2019. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Krishnan N. Foraging in Stochastic Environments. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Colorado; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: https://scholar.colorado.edu/appm_gradetds/145.
Council of Science Editors:
Krishnan N. Foraging in Stochastic Environments. [Masters Thesis]. University of Colorado; 2019. Available from: https://scholar.colorado.edu/appm_gradetds/145
5.
Montague, David Miles.
Diet and Feeding Ecology of the Coyotes, Black Bears, and Bobcats in Western Virginia and Preliminary Assessment of Coyote Parasites.
Degree: MS, Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences, 2014, Virginia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50594
► Although deer abundance is high throughout most areas of Virginia, parts of western Virginia, especially on public lands, have comparatively low density deer populations.…
(more)
▼ Although deer abundance is high throughout most areas of Virginia, parts of western Virginia, especially on public lands, have comparatively low density deer populations. Concerns voiced by sportsmen regarding declining deer numbers in this region prompted interest in research to investigate the role of predation on deer populations. The coyote (Canis latrans) is a relative newcomer to Virginia, and relatively little is known about the role coyotes play in Virginia ecosystem dynamics, including their interactions with other sympatric predators. Research studies in other areas suggest that predation from coyotes, bobcats (Lynx rufus), and black bears (Ursus americanus) may be a significant source of deer (Odocoileus virginianus) mortality, especially for fawns, and the cumulative effects of predation from these sources may also increase the potential for additive mortality in deer populations. An important consideration when comparing feeding strategies of carnivores is the relative availability of food items across the landscape. I estimated the relative seasonal availability of several potential food items in a mosaic landscape that included some areas of prescribed burning and variable timber harvest in the mountains of western Virginia between June 2011 and May 2013. I focused on 4 broad categories of food items: white-tailed deer, mid-sized mammals (raccoons, Procyon lotor, opossums, Didelphis virginiana, cottontails, Sylvilagus spp., and squirrels, Sciurus spp.), small mammals, and soft mast. I used distance sampling to estimate deer density, camera trapping techniques to estimate mid-sized mammal trapping rates and occupancy, mark-recapture techniques to estimate small mammal abundance, and vegetation sampling to estimate % cover, which I used as measures of food availability for predation. To estimate carnivore diet, I analyzed scats of coyotes (n = 334), bobcats (n = 258), and black bears (n = 107) collected monthly from June 2011 and May 2013. Additionally, I compared estimates of % occurrence to estimates of seasonal availability of deer, mid-sized mammals, small mammals, and soft mast by ranking availability of food items from 0 (unavailable) to 4 (highly available) from my monthly and seasonal food item abundance and density estimates. I then ranked % occurrence in scat on a 0 - 4 scale and compared diet rankings to food item availability where changes in rank indicate differences from the generalist diet.
Deer densities were substantially higher in Bath County (4.75 - 16.06 deer/km2) than in Rockingham County (0.17 - 3.55 deer/km2). I estimated availability of other food items only in Bath County. For mid-sized mammals, I estimated low activity as shown by constant, but low, trapping rates (#photo events/trap nights*100) of opossums, and relatively higher, constant trapping rates of cottontails. Raccoon and squirrel trapping rates were highly variable across seasons and raccoon occupancy (proportion of sites occupied) was higher in summer and fall (0.51 - 0.59) whereas squirrel…
Advisors/Committee Members: Kelly, Marcella J. (committeechair), Parkhurst, James A. (committee member), Zajac, Anne M. (committee member), Alexander, Kathleen A. (committee member), Fies, Michael Lawrence (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: carnivore; foraging; behavior
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APA (6th Edition):
Montague, D. M. (2014). Diet and Feeding Ecology of the Coyotes, Black Bears, and Bobcats in Western Virginia and Preliminary Assessment of Coyote Parasites. (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50594
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Montague, David Miles. “Diet and Feeding Ecology of the Coyotes, Black Bears, and Bobcats in Western Virginia and Preliminary Assessment of Coyote Parasites.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50594.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Montague, David Miles. “Diet and Feeding Ecology of the Coyotes, Black Bears, and Bobcats in Western Virginia and Preliminary Assessment of Coyote Parasites.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Montague DM. Diet and Feeding Ecology of the Coyotes, Black Bears, and Bobcats in Western Virginia and Preliminary Assessment of Coyote Parasites. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50594.
Council of Science Editors:
Montague DM. Diet and Feeding Ecology of the Coyotes, Black Bears, and Bobcats in Western Virginia and Preliminary Assessment of Coyote Parasites. [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50594
San Jose State University
6.
Nakagawa, Melinda.
Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus) Response to Wind Variability in the California Current.
Degree: MS, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 2014, San Jose State University
URL: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.q2az-sn7f
;
https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4506
► Marine predators forage in a heterogeneous landscape where prey patches are unevenly distributed. Predators return to larger scale areas of consistent productivity such as…
(more)
▼ Marine predators forage in a heterogeneous landscape where prey patches are unevenly
distributed. Predators return to larger scale areas of consistent productivity such as the
California Current, and search at finer temporal and spatial scales to locate prey patches.
One of the most abundant avian marine predators in the California Current is the sooty
shearwater. Sooty shearwaters leave southern hemisphere islands at the end of the
breeding season in the southern autumn. They arrive in the California Current after
completing a trans-hemispheric migration, in need of replenishing body condition. Sooty
shearwaters are adapted for efficient flight, and their flight is highly correlated with
winds. Shearwaters in this study appeared to use winds opportunistically, and responded
by vacating foraging hotspots following a reversal in winds, often flying more
economically in a downwind direction. Shearwaters also used headwind and tailwind
flight much more frequently than expected. This was a result of constraints of a northsouth
oriented coastline, and available winds. Sooty shearwaters travelled synchronously
while foraging in the CC and when departing on the southern migration. The cue to
depart on the southern migration was likely a combination of factors of phenology, local
enhancement and body condition.
Subjects/Keywords: foraging; satellite telemetry; seabirds; winds
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APA (6th Edition):
Nakagawa, M. (2014). Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus) Response to Wind Variability in the California Current. (Masters Thesis). San Jose State University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.q2az-sn7f ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4506
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nakagawa, Melinda. “Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus) Response to Wind Variability in the California Current.” 2014. Masters Thesis, San Jose State University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.q2az-sn7f ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4506.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nakagawa, Melinda. “Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus) Response to Wind Variability in the California Current.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Nakagawa M. Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus) Response to Wind Variability in the California Current. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. San Jose State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.q2az-sn7f ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4506.
Council of Science Editors:
Nakagawa M. Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus) Response to Wind Variability in the California Current. [Masters Thesis]. San Jose State University; 2014. Available from: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.q2az-sn7f ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4506
University of Utah
7.
Beck, Raymond Kelly.
The molecular genetics of prehistoric hunting: inferring prey population histories with ancient dna.
Degree: PhD, Anthropology, 2015, University of Utah
URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/3710/rec/2604
► Long-term prey population histories are fundamental to reconstructing spatial and temporal variation in human diet, hunting technology, capture strategies, and a host of other prehistoric…
(more)
▼ Long-term prey population histories are fundamental to reconstructing spatial and temporal variation in human diet, hunting technology, capture strategies, and a host of other prehistoric hunting behaviors. Typically, such reconstructions have involved the use of taxonomic relative abundance indexes from bone counts as measures of population history, but such measures are subject to many complicating quantitative and taphonomic issues. Fortunately, animal populations maintain a record of population history in the form of genetic diversity. By assessing temporal variation in the genetic diversity of populations, zooarchaeologists have access to this history. This dissertation describes research that was designed to use the genetic record of population history to develop long-term histories of two prey species and to compare these genetic diversity-derived histories with those drawn from relative abundance measures. Taxonomic relative abundance measures from California's San Miguel Island suggest that Guadalupe fur seals maintained a large and stable population through the late Holocene, whereas the archaeological record of Tule elk in California's San Francisco Bay area suggests a late Holocene population bottleneck. To evaluate the genetic diversity implications of these two contexts, I obtained ancient DNA sequences from 39 Guadalupe fur seal specimens from four archaeological sites on San Miguel Island and from 24 Tule elk specimens from the San Francisco Bay area's Emeryville Shellmound. In both cases trends in genetic diversity support inferences made from relative abundance data. Guadalupe fur seal sequences, aggregated into three late Holocene temporal periods, show considerable genetic diversity within each period and no differentiation between periods suggesting a large and stable population. Tule elk sequences were divided into two groups that span a hypothesized population bottleneck. Analysis of these aggregations shows considerable diversity among pre-bottleneck sequences but no diversity in post-bottleneck sequences. This result is surprising for Guadalupe fur seals whose life history characteristics suggest that their populations are rather susceptible to hunting pressure. One plausible reason for long-term stability of Guadalupe fur seal populations in the face of what was likely significant hunting pressure is the presence of population refugia from which migration sustained genetically diverse populations.
Subjects/Keywords: Ancient DNA; Foraging ecology; Zooarchaeology
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APA (6th Edition):
Beck, R. K. (2015). The molecular genetics of prehistoric hunting: inferring prey population histories with ancient dna. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/3710/rec/2604
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Beck, Raymond Kelly. “The molecular genetics of prehistoric hunting: inferring prey population histories with ancient dna.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Utah. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/3710/rec/2604.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Beck, Raymond Kelly. “The molecular genetics of prehistoric hunting: inferring prey population histories with ancient dna.” 2015. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Beck RK. The molecular genetics of prehistoric hunting: inferring prey population histories with ancient dna. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Utah; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/3710/rec/2604.
Council of Science Editors:
Beck RK. The molecular genetics of prehistoric hunting: inferring prey population histories with ancient dna. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Utah; 2015. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/3710/rec/2604
Cornell University
8.
McGarry, Louise.
An Examination Of Blue Whale Foraging And Its Krill Prey Field In The Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon.
Degree: PhD, Geological Sciences, 2014, Cornell University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/37098
► The purpose of this study is to advance the application of hydroacoustic techniques in the study of marine ecosystems. In the Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this study is to advance the application of hydroacoustic techniques in the study of marine ecosystems. In the Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon on the coast of California, USA, 120 kHz and 200 kHz hydroacoustic data was collected with scientific echosounders. Zooplankton specimens were collected using MOCNESS stratified net tows from the strongly scattering krill sound-scattering layer (SSL). A suite of zooplankton scattering models were used to predict the backscatter expected from the specimens collected in the nets. The results of this work demonstrate that the backscatter from rare and inconspicuous but strongly scattering gas-bearing siphonophores can dominate the backscatter observed from the soundscattering layers dominated by krill biomass. Failure to account for the contribution to observed backscatter by the gas-bearing siphonophores will results in overestimates of acoustic-derived euphausiid abundance and the nutritional quality of these krill soundscattering layers. Blue whales, the largest animal on the planet, feed on the krill aggregations found to coincide with the SSLs adjacent to the walls of the Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon. In this study the
foraging-dives of a blue whale were tracked and its krill prey-field was remotely sensed using hydroacoustic techniques. The
foraging behavior of the whale as it searched and exploited the krill SSL was examined in the context of its krill prey-field, and the
foraging efficiency achieved by the whale was estimated. The results of this study suggest that the search behavior of the whale is consistent with behavior that theory predicts would optimize their encounter rate with krill patches of sufficiently high prey density. The results also provide compelling evidence that within the
foraging habitat, the whale focused its
foraging effort in a discrete high-density patch where the achievable
foraging efficiency was an order of magnitude greater than in other regions tested and rejected by the whale.
Advisors/Committee Members: Greene, Charles H (chair), Sullivan, Patrick J (committee member), Rudstam, Lars Gosta (committee member), Pershing, Andrew John (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: blue whale; foraging; krill
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APA (6th Edition):
McGarry, L. (2014). An Examination Of Blue Whale Foraging And Its Krill Prey Field In The Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/37098
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
McGarry, Louise. “An Examination Of Blue Whale Foraging And Its Krill Prey Field In The Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1813/37098.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
McGarry, Louise. “An Examination Of Blue Whale Foraging And Its Krill Prey Field In The Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
McGarry L. An Examination Of Blue Whale Foraging And Its Krill Prey Field In The Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/37098.
Council of Science Editors:
McGarry L. An Examination Of Blue Whale Foraging And Its Krill Prey Field In The Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/37098
Georgia Tech
9.
Illingworth, David Anthony.
Hypothesis-guided testing behavior: The role of generation, meta-cognition, and search.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2020, Georgia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62763
► Hypothesis testing is the act of acquiring information to challenge or promote a decision-maker’s beliefs (i.e., hypotheses) in diagnostic tasks. To date, theorists have conceptualized…
(more)
▼ Hypothesis testing is the act of acquiring information to challenge or promote a decision-maker’s beliefs (i.e., hypotheses) in diagnostic tasks. To date, theorists have conceptualized this behavior as a consequence of implementing one of many possible heuristics for selecting tests, each tailored to optimize some task-relevant goal (e.g., reduce the likelihood of an erroneous diagnosis). Heuristics can account for a number of observed testing phenomena (e.g., pseudo-diagnostic search), but have difficulty explaining more nuanced testing behavior such as decisions to terminate data acquisition. Moreover, current theory has yet to address how updating a decision-maker’s beliefs influences test preference, as hypothesis testing is often studied independent of other events inherent to hypothesis evaluation. The current work examined the role of belief in testing and search termination by evaluating a novel extension of the HyGene architecture (Thomas, Dougherty, Sprenger & Harbison, 2008) built as a cognitive process account for hypothesis testing. Experiments 1 and 2 found limited support for hypothesis-driven valuation, as participants showed minimal signs of sensitivity to the diagnostic value of information depositories. Experiment 3 revealed a relation between belief and
foraging duration such that less confidence early in a trial predicted more test exploitation. Model fitting indicated participants implemented a conservative threshold when determining the value of continued testing. Experiment 4 revealed cost-sensitivity in testing behavior, as well as an experience-driven contrast effect. Participants who experienced high costs early in the experiment generally engaged in less testing behavior than those who experienced low costs. The current work provides mild support for the predictions of the HyGene architecture, but clearly demonstrate a role for metacognitive self-assessment in decisions to terminate search and highlight the interaction of access costs with experience of costs when people perceive the value of engaging in testing behavior.
Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Rick P. (advisor), Gorman, Jamie (committee member), Hertzog, Christopher (committee member), Rahnev, Dobromir (committee member), Feigh, Karen (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Information foraging; Decision-making
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APA (6th Edition):
Illingworth, D. A. (2020). Hypothesis-guided testing behavior: The role of generation, meta-cognition, and search. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62763
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Illingworth, David Anthony. “Hypothesis-guided testing behavior: The role of generation, meta-cognition, and search.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62763.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Illingworth, David Anthony. “Hypothesis-guided testing behavior: The role of generation, meta-cognition, and search.” 2020. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Illingworth DA. Hypothesis-guided testing behavior: The role of generation, meta-cognition, and search. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62763.
Council of Science Editors:
Illingworth DA. Hypothesis-guided testing behavior: The role of generation, meta-cognition, and search. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62763
University of Waikato
10.
Withers, Adara Tehani Savita.
Foraging behaviours of translocated takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri) at two contrasting sites, New Zealand
.
Degree: 2014, University of Waikato
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10289/9840
► The South Island takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri) is an endangered ground-dwelling species, endemic to New Zealand. To prevent the species’ extinction, individuals were translocated to protected…
(more)
▼ The South Island takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri) is an endangered ground-dwelling species, endemic to New Zealand. To prevent the species’ extinction, individuals were translocated to protected sites, such as off-shore pest-free islands and pest-fenced, mainland sites. The takahē may be one of the most researched bird species in New Zealand, but there are very few studies on its behavioural habits and ecology at these protected offshore island and mainland sites.
This study was an investigation of translocated takahē
foraging behaviour at two very different sites, Motutapu Island (Hauraki Gulf, Auckland) and Maungatautari mainland site (Waikato region), with two translocated takahē populations (18 vs 6 takahē respectively). In total, 24 takahē were observed at the time of this study. The aims of this research were to determine: (1) how takahē
foraging behaviour differed between pasture and other habitats on Motutapu Island and at Maungatautari, (2) how other habitat elements (incl. vegetation cover, water, roads, tracks) affected
foraging behaviour, and (3) if habitat restoration may assist takahē establishment. This study was conducted in reference to future successional habitat changes on Motutapu Island, as it is
subject to active re-vegetation of native trees and shrubs. Similarly, Maungatautari is not actively maintaining the pastoral grassland sites between forest edge and the pest-proof fence. Therefore, without management, natural forest successions of these sites are likely to decrease food availability for takahē in the future.
Plant species eaten by takahē were identified during field observations.
Foraging behaviour was categorised into three main behaviours: (1) cutting for grass-blades, (2) tillering for grass meristems (leaf base, leaf blade discarded) and (3) stripping (grass seeds). A multinomial regression analysis, with confidence intervals of 95% level confidence, determined the odds of a takahē behaviour occurring according to various habitat variables.
Foraging behaviours were found to differ according to the percentages of vegetation cover. On Motutapu Island, the main findings were that takahē favoured tillering grass meristems at sites where a high percentage of shrubland was available rather than at sites with high tree cover (vegetation >6 m) or with a high percentage of open grassland. In contrast, stripping seeds was favoured at sites with high tree cover and/or at restoration planting sites. Qualitative behavioural data from Maungatautari showed that takahē foraged primarily on pastoral grassland species, obtained primarily between the fence and the forest.
Nesting and breeding observations were also made during incubation and chick-rearing. Only one chick reached juvenile-adult stage at Motutapu Island, compared to two chicks at Maungatautari. I identified nest material and nest cover plant species used by takahē (native and exotics- sedges/flax/shrubs/native long grass) during the breeding season and present a plant list based on qualitative fieldwork. Extensive pastoral…
Advisors/Committee Members: Gemmill, Chrissen E.C (advisor), Innes, John G (advisor), Miller, Steven D (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: takahē;
behaviour;
foraging;
translocation
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APA (6th Edition):
Withers, A. T. S. (2014). Foraging behaviours of translocated takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri) at two contrasting sites, New Zealand
. (Masters Thesis). University of Waikato. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10289/9840
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Withers, Adara Tehani Savita. “Foraging behaviours of translocated takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri) at two contrasting sites, New Zealand
.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Waikato. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10289/9840.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Withers, Adara Tehani Savita. “Foraging behaviours of translocated takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri) at two contrasting sites, New Zealand
.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Withers ATS. Foraging behaviours of translocated takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri) at two contrasting sites, New Zealand
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Waikato; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10289/9840.
Council of Science Editors:
Withers ATS. Foraging behaviours of translocated takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri) at two contrasting sites, New Zealand
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Waikato; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10289/9840
University of Exeter
11.
Kings, Michael.
Foraging tactics and social networks in wild jackdaws.
Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Exeter
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34567
► Individual variation in asocial and social behavioural traits can affect patterns of social association. Resultant individual-level variation in sociality can be quantified using social network…
(more)
▼ Individual variation in asocial and social behavioural traits can affect patterns of social association. Resultant individual-level variation in sociality can be quantified using social network analysis. Social network analysis has recently been applied to the study of the evolution and development of social behaviour. Though captive systems have provided useful contributions to this endeavour, investigating the factors shaping social structure in wild populations affords superior ecological relevance. The characterisation of the social structure of wild animals has been greatly aided by improvements in automated data collection methods, particularly the miniaturisation of Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology for the purposes of studying the social foraging behaviour of wild birds. In this thesis, I use RFID methods to examine the factors influencing between-individual variation in foraging routines (Chapter Two) and social network position (Chapter Three) in wild populations of a colonial corvid species, the jackdaw (Corvus monedula). I then relate social network position to reproductive success (Chapter Three) and investigate the developmental plasticity of jackdaw social behaviour by determining the effect of early life conditions on social network position (Chapter Four). Finally, I describe the fine-scale temporal dynamics of social foraging, the nature of accompaniment during paired foraging and the foraging benefits of social support (Chapter Five).
Subjects/Keywords: 570; jackdaw; social network; foraging
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APA (6th Edition):
Kings, M. (2018). Foraging tactics and social networks in wild jackdaws. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Exeter. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34567
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kings, Michael. “Foraging tactics and social networks in wild jackdaws.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Exeter. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34567.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kings, Michael. “Foraging tactics and social networks in wild jackdaws.” 2018. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kings M. Foraging tactics and social networks in wild jackdaws. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Exeter; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34567.
Council of Science Editors:
Kings M. Foraging tactics and social networks in wild jackdaws. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Exeter; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34567
Queen Mary, University of London
12.
Lenz, Friedrich.
Statistical analysis and stochastic modelling of foraging bumblebees.
Degree: PhD, 2013, Queen Mary, University of London
URL: http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8542
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.667135
► In the analysis of movement patterns of animals, stochastic processes play an important role, providing us with a variety of tools to examine, model and…
(more)
▼ In the analysis of movement patterns of animals, stochastic processes play an important role, providing us with a variety of tools to examine, model and simulate their behaviour. In this thesis we focus on the foraging of specific animals - bumblebees - and analyse experimental data to understand the influence of changes in the bumblebees’ environment on their search flights. Starting with a discussion of main classes of stochastic models useful for the description of foraging animals, we then look at a multitude of environmental factors influencing the dynamics of animals in their search for food. With this background we examine flight data of foraging bumblebees obtained from a laboratory experiment by stochastic analyses. The main point of interest of this analysis is the description, modelling and understanding of the data with respect to the influence of predatory threats on the bumblebee’s foraging search flights. After this detail-oriented view on interactions of bumblebees with food sources and predators in the experimental data, we develop a generalized reorientation model. By extracting the necessary information from the data, we arrive at a generalized correlated random walk foraging model for bumblebee flights, which we discuss and compare to the experimental data via simulations. We finish with a discussion of anomalous fluctuation relations and some results on spectral densities of autocorrelation functions. While this part is not directly related to the analysis of foraging, it concerns a closely related class of stochastic processes described by Langevin equations with non- trivial autocorrelation functions analyse experimental data to understand the influence of changes in the bumblebees’ environment on their search flights. Starting with a discussion of main classes of stochastic models useful for the description of foraging animals, we then look at a multitude of environmental factors influencing the dynamics of animals in their search for food. With this background we examine flight data of foraging bumblebees obtained from a laboratory experiment by stochastic analyses. The main point of interest of this analysis is the description, modelling and understanding of the data with respect to the influence of predatory threats on the bumblebee’s foraging search flights. After this detail-oriented view on interactions of bumblebees with food sources and predators in the experimental data, we develop a generalized reorientation model. By extracting the necessary information from the data, we arrive at a generalized correlated random walk foraging model for bumblebee flights, which we discuss and compare to the experimental data via simulations. We finish with a discussion of anomalous fluctuation relations and some results on spectral densities of autocorrelation functions. While this part is not directly related to the analysis of foraging, it concerns a closely related class of stochastic processes described by Langevin equations with nontrivial autocorrelation functions.
Subjects/Keywords: 519.2; Mathematics; Bees; Foraging; Behaviour
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APA (6th Edition):
Lenz, F. (2013). Statistical analysis and stochastic modelling of foraging bumblebees. (Doctoral Dissertation). Queen Mary, University of London. Retrieved from http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8542 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.667135
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lenz, Friedrich. “Statistical analysis and stochastic modelling of foraging bumblebees.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Queen Mary, University of London. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8542 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.667135.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lenz, Friedrich. “Statistical analysis and stochastic modelling of foraging bumblebees.” 2013. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Lenz F. Statistical analysis and stochastic modelling of foraging bumblebees. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Queen Mary, University of London; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8542 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.667135.
Council of Science Editors:
Lenz F. Statistical analysis and stochastic modelling of foraging bumblebees. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Queen Mary, University of London; 2013. Available from: http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8542 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.667135
Delft University of Technology
13.
de Wolde, Lotte (author).
Urban Foraging and Commoning: How can commoning support the practice of urban foraging?.
Degree: 2019, Delft University of Technology
URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c70b9485-60ad-4a72-aa1e-2ad014c6d89b
► This design project investigates how commoning can support the practice of urban foraging, resulting in a framework that describes the social characteristics of commoning and…
(more)
▼ This design project investigates how commoning can support the practice of urban foraging, resulting in a framework that describes the social characteristics of commoning and the abilities and opportunities for urban foraging. The framework led to a design showcase, called Get To Gather, which is an interactive board in public space to let citizens experience the practice of urban foraging, as an entrance to the foraging community. Commoning is a verb of “commons” that describes the social process to manage the commons. The goal of the commons movement is to reclaim commonwealth, and transform the focus on privatization into collective use of resources while preventing them from being commercialized. Commoning is a social process that relies on active collaboration and cooperation. The practice of urban foraging describes going from place to place searching for things to eat or use, in an urban context. Foraged food is also described as “zero-footprint food” since it is entirely outside the profit-making food production system we know today, which provides people to live self-sufficient and supports a resilient food production system in the city. Foraging goes beyond the consumption of wild edible plants because it is a social activity, in which people pass on knowledge, culture, and traditions from generation to generation. This project focuses on foraging as a leisure activity in the Netherlands. Foraging is getting more popular, which resulted in the concern of external authorities about the safety of people and the environment. Also, beginner foragers experience fear of eating poisonous or dirty plants in the city. In combination with the social motivations of urban foraging, this resulted in an inspiring and robust network, a community that wants to make sure that everyone forages safely and with care for the environment. Therefore, the community expresses a need to involve beginner foragers into their network. Urban foraging is an act that transforms unused urban nature into a place with social interactions. In the city, there are fragmented municipal plots that do not fulfill a specific function. In this report, these areas are man’s lands. The final design is an entrance to the foraging community at these locations, to create awareness about the community, and involve beginner foragers to teach them how to treat the environment correctly and perform the practice safely. The design is ‘do it yourself,’ so people can make the design by themselves without waiting for external authorities. Get To Gather transforms unused urban green spaces into places for social access. The design shows how commoning can support the practice of urban foraging, by making the foraging community, and nature in the city equitable accessible for people outside the community. It frames urban foraging as a practice with social benefits, by showing the community, in which foragers have strong social ties with fellow foragers.
Design for Interaction
Advisors/Committee Members: Bendor, Roy (graduation committee), de Koning, Jotte (mentor), Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution).
Subjects/Keywords: Commoning; Urban Foraging; Community
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APA (6th Edition):
de Wolde, L. (. (2019). Urban Foraging and Commoning: How can commoning support the practice of urban foraging?. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c70b9485-60ad-4a72-aa1e-2ad014c6d89b
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
de Wolde, Lotte (author). “Urban Foraging and Commoning: How can commoning support the practice of urban foraging?.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c70b9485-60ad-4a72-aa1e-2ad014c6d89b.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
de Wolde, Lotte (author). “Urban Foraging and Commoning: How can commoning support the practice of urban foraging?.” 2019. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
de Wolde L(. Urban Foraging and Commoning: How can commoning support the practice of urban foraging?. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c70b9485-60ad-4a72-aa1e-2ad014c6d89b.
Council of Science Editors:
de Wolde L(. Urban Foraging and Commoning: How can commoning support the practice of urban foraging?. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2019. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c70b9485-60ad-4a72-aa1e-2ad014c6d89b
University of New Mexico
14.
Flanagan, Tatiana.
How ants turn information into food.
Degree: UNM Biology Department, 2015, University of New Mexico
URL: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/37
► Animals constantly process information from their environment. In social organisms, information exchange among individuals allows for behaviors to be finely tuned to local environmental cues.…
(more)
▼ Animals constantly process information from their environment. In social organisms, information exchange among individuals allows for behaviors to be finely tuned to local environmental cues. Such is the case of
foraging in ants, where sharing information about the distribution of resources can drive adaptive behaviors to exploit those resources. In a first study, we quantified how clustering of experimental seed baits significantly increased
foraging rates of seed harvester ants. That study found that species with larger colonies were no better than species with smaller colonies at collecting clumped seeds. In a second study, we integrated computer simulations, information science and computational analysis to re-analyze data. We found that seed intake patterns from larger colonies were more consistent with
foraging patterns generated by behaviors that use information, such as recruitment and site fidelity, particularly for
foraging on clustered distributions of resources. Finally, we studied recruitment behavior in large colonies of Argentine ants. Our results indicate that Argentine ants recruit nestmates to food directly from persistent nearby trails. Once ants find a new food source, they walk back and forth between the bait and sometimes share food by trophallaxis with nestmates on the trail. Recruiting ants from nearby persistent trails creates a dynamic circuit, like those found in other distributed systems, which facilitates a quick response to changes in available resources. These studies quantify how remembering and communicating information in a range of colony sizes increase
foraging rates.
Advisors/Committee Members: Moses, Melanie, Brown, James, Wearing, Helen, Gordon, Deborah.
Subjects/Keywords: ant foraging; information; colony size
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APA (6th Edition):
Flanagan, T. (2015). How ants turn information into food. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New Mexico. Retrieved from https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/37
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Flanagan, Tatiana. “How ants turn information into food.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New Mexico. Accessed January 23, 2021.
https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/37.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Flanagan, Tatiana. “How ants turn information into food.” 2015. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Flanagan T. How ants turn information into food. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New Mexico; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/37.
Council of Science Editors:
Flanagan T. How ants turn information into food. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New Mexico; 2015. Available from: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/37
University of New South Wales
15.
Price, Catherine.
'Odours of mass deception' - Understanding and manipulating the foraging behaviour of alien predators using chemical camouflage.
Degree: Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2011, University of New South Wales
URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51938
;
https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10608/SOURCE02?view=true
► Alien predators pose a pervasive threat to native species globally, yet our understanding of the behaviours that allow them to forage so effectively in novel…
(more)
▼ Alien predators pose a pervasive threat to native species globally, yet our understanding of the behaviours that allow them to forage so effectively in novel environments is relatively limited. Many alien predators are mammals, relying upon olfaction to acquire information on prey location and hone their
foraging effort. Understanding how predators occupy the landscape and use the spatial context of prey odour cues to decide where to devote
foraging effort may explain the vulnerability of prey, and offers opportunities to alter odour environments in order to disrupt predator success. In this thesis I examine movement patterns of predators at increasing ecological and spatial scales to gain insight into factors that motivate
foraging decisions and influence prey vulnerability. Using a combination of semi-wild and field-based experiments I investigated how spatial variation in olfactory cues (or ‘chemical camouflage’) influences the
foraging behaviours of three alien predators. Firstly, using wild house mice, Mus musculus, I found that when prey are camouflaged, predators can show rapid temporal improvements in
foraging success, although the degree of improvement depends upon prey quality. Secondly, using stoats, Mustela erminea, I found that increased search costs influenced a predator’s decision to switch to alternate prey, but that its
foraging motivation was sensitive to the ease with which alternate prey were found. Thirdly, using free-living populations of black rats, Rattus rattus, I found that egg survival could be significantly enhanced by priming rats with birds nest odour cues. I was able to induce perceptual filters such that rats ignored formerly conspicuous prey odour cues even when eggs were present. Finally, using a multi-predator (red fox, Vulpes vulpes, and dingo, Canis lupus dingo) landscape, I show that unpredictability in predator behaviour is another layer of risk for prey to negotiate. My results indicate temporal variability of predator movements may serve to enhance prey vulnerability. In combination, my thesis demonstrates that the behaviour of alien predators influences the vulnerability of prey at multiple scales, from an individual within a patch to a species within a larger community. The olfactory conspicuousness of prey is a primary element motivating
foraging decisions of alien predators, with prey vulnerability curtailed when the spatial variability within odour backgrounds is reduced.
Advisors/Committee Members: Banks, Peter, Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW.
Subjects/Keywords: Camouflage; Predator-prey interactions; Foraging
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APA (6th Edition):
Price, C. (2011). 'Odours of mass deception' - Understanding and manipulating the foraging behaviour of alien predators using chemical camouflage. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51938 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10608/SOURCE02?view=true
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Price, Catherine. “'Odours of mass deception' - Understanding and manipulating the foraging behaviour of alien predators using chemical camouflage.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51938 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10608/SOURCE02?view=true.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Price, Catherine. “'Odours of mass deception' - Understanding and manipulating the foraging behaviour of alien predators using chemical camouflage.” 2011. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Price C. 'Odours of mass deception' - Understanding and manipulating the foraging behaviour of alien predators using chemical camouflage. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51938 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10608/SOURCE02?view=true.
Council of Science Editors:
Price C. 'Odours of mass deception' - Understanding and manipulating the foraging behaviour of alien predators using chemical camouflage. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2011. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51938 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10608/SOURCE02?view=true
University of Oklahoma
16.
Jenkins, Jarred.
Resource Preferences: Past Costs Affect Future Choices By Least Chipmunks.
Degree: PhD, 2015, University of Oklahoma
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/15495
► When given the choice between stimuli previously associated with equal quality resources, animals tend to choose the stimulus associated with greater deprivation and greater effort.…
(more)
▼ When given the choice between stimuli previously associated with equal quality resources, animals tend to choose the stimulus associated with greater deprivation and greater effort. However, past research has generally approached this issue using extensive, lab-based training on these associations. Such training regimens are unlikely to be seen in the natural
foraging behavior of animals and it remains unclear whether or not such preferences emerge in more naturalistic-experimental paradigms. In the present series of studies, I corrected for this limitation by giving least chipmunks (Tamias minimus) minimal exposure to two patches of seeds, both presented under different cost circumstances. In all four experiments, one patch was easy to obtain while the other required more effort or more potential risk. Each patch was then associated with a different visual or olfactory stimulus in order to measure choice when the patches were later made equally available. Ultimately, the results were mixed. No effort-based preferences were observed in the visual cue studies, but emerged for both of the olfactory associated conditions. For chipmunks, it seems that costs can influence later preferences when the resources are obtained under semi-naturalistic
foraging conditions and when those conditions involve the use of olfactory stimuli.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gronlund, Scott (advisor), Devenport, Lynn (committee member), Schlupp, Ingo (committee member), Wenger, Michael (committee member), Terry, Robert (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Foraging; Chipmunks; Work Ethic
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APA (6th Edition):
Jenkins, J. (2015). Resource Preferences: Past Costs Affect Future Choices By Least Chipmunks. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oklahoma. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11244/15495
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jenkins, Jarred. “Resource Preferences: Past Costs Affect Future Choices By Least Chipmunks.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oklahoma. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11244/15495.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jenkins, Jarred. “Resource Preferences: Past Costs Affect Future Choices By Least Chipmunks.” 2015. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Jenkins J. Resource Preferences: Past Costs Affect Future Choices By Least Chipmunks. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oklahoma; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/15495.
Council of Science Editors:
Jenkins J. Resource Preferences: Past Costs Affect Future Choices By Least Chipmunks. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oklahoma; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/15495
University of Michigan
17.
Frens, Kathryn.
Effects of Food Type and Patch Location on Foraging in Local Birds: A Field Test of Optimal Foraging Predictions.
Degree: MS, Natural Resources and Environment, 2010, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/69156
► Optimal foraging theory predicts that a foraging organism will maximize its fitness by maximizing its net energy intake per unit time, and will usually choose…
(more)
▼ Optimal
foraging theory predicts that a
foraging organism will maximize its fitness by maximizing its net energy intake per unit time, and will usually choose the available food type that yields the most calories for the effort it takes to locate, catch, or consume it. In an environment in which food is distributed in patches across different habitat types, foragers must decide which patch to visit and how long to forage there. These decisions can become complicated when competing foragers or predators are present. In this study, I compared the duration of visits of four species of overwintering passerines between bird feeders containing hulled and unhulled sunflower seeds, and also between feeders set up under forest cover and in an open field. Birds spent more time at feeders containing hulled sunflower seeds, which had a lower handling time, than at feeders containing unhulled seeds. They spent no more time at feeders in the forest than at feeders in the open, but did show a larger marginal preference for hulled seeds in the open habitat.
Advisors/Committee Members: Low, Bobbi (advisor), Myers, Phil (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Foraging Birds; Foraging Predictions
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APA (6th Edition):
Frens, K. (2010). Effects of Food Type and Patch Location on Foraging in Local Birds: A Field Test of Optimal Foraging Predictions. (Masters Thesis). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/69156
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Frens, Kathryn. “Effects of Food Type and Patch Location on Foraging in Local Birds: A Field Test of Optimal Foraging Predictions.” 2010. Masters Thesis, University of Michigan. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/69156.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Frens, Kathryn. “Effects of Food Type and Patch Location on Foraging in Local Birds: A Field Test of Optimal Foraging Predictions.” 2010. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Frens K. Effects of Food Type and Patch Location on Foraging in Local Birds: A Field Test of Optimal Foraging Predictions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Michigan; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/69156.
Council of Science Editors:
Frens K. Effects of Food Type and Patch Location on Foraging in Local Birds: A Field Test of Optimal Foraging Predictions. [Masters Thesis]. University of Michigan; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/69156
University of Otago
18.
Leung, Elaine See Won.
Foraging behaviour of juvenile New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri)
.
Degree: 2013, University of Otago
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4006
► Juveniles have limited foraging ability compared to adults, due to physiological, morphological and behavioural constraints that ultimately affect their fitness and survival. Therefore, constraints on…
(more)
▼ Juveniles have limited
foraging ability compared to adults, due to physiological, morphological and behavioural constraints that ultimately affect their fitness and survival. Therefore, constraints on juvenile
foraging ability may have implications for population dynamics. The objective of this thesis was to study the
foraging behaviour of juvenile New Zealand (NZ) sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri) at the subantarctic Auckland Islands (AI). The endemic NZ sea lion is one of the rarest pinnipeds in the world and is mainly found in AI. This species has declined since 1998, with bycatch and resource competition with the arrow squid (Nototodarus sloani) trawl fisheries hypothesized to be the main causes for the decline. Understanding how juveniles are constrained in
foraging ability may help us predict the degree to which they are further compromised by anthropogenic impacts that change prey availability.
I investigated intrinsic (e.g. mass, age and sex) and extrinsic (e.g. habitat characteristics) factors influencing the
foraging behaviour of juvenile NZ sea lions from 2007-2010 at Sandy Bay, Enderby Island, AI. Platform transmitting terminals (PTTs) and time-depth recorders (TDRs) were deployed on juvenile females (1-3 years-old; n = 22) and males (1-5 years-old; n = 18) to describe diving behaviour, at sea movements and potential spatiotemporal overlap with squid trawl fisheries. Mass was negatively related to yearling dive depth; this is likely because bathymetry constrained diving behaviour by dictating possible dive depths. Heavier, older juveniles dove to greater depths for longer durations than lighter, younger individuals. However, only 5-year-old males were capable of adult female dive performance. Despite males (the larger sex) having greater diving ability (i.e. dove to greater maximum depths for longer maximum durations) than juvenile females, on average, females expended greater
foraging effort (i.e. dove deeper and spent more time diving). Juvenile males and females also foraged in different areas, with female
foraging ranges having higher overlap with fisheries activities. Habitat differences strongly influenced
foraging behaviour. AI juvenile females expended more
foraging effort than Otago juveniles on the NZ mainland. Combined with the smaller body size of AI juveniles, these contrasts support the hypothesis that AI are a marginal
foraging environment.
Results from this thesis suggest juvenile NZ sea lions are likely more susceptible than adults to environmental and anthropogenic impacts that alter prey distribution. The restricted
foraging ability of juveniles may limit their available
foraging habitat and ability to acquire food, especially in a low resource environment. For juvenile females, their higher
foraging effort and fisheries-overlap likely further increase their susceptibility to external impacts. Greater vulnerability to external impacts may influence juvenile survival, particularly females, and ultimately, may have consequences for NZ sea lion population dynamics. For management to be…
Advisors/Committee Members: Robertson, Bruce (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: foraging ecology;
population dynamics;
conservation management;
behavioural ecology;
foraging ability
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Leung, E. S. W. (2013). Foraging behaviour of juvenile New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri)
. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4006
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Leung, Elaine See Won. “Foraging behaviour of juvenile New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri)
.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Otago. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4006.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Leung, Elaine See Won. “Foraging behaviour of juvenile New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri)
.” 2013. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Leung ESW. Foraging behaviour of juvenile New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri)
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Otago; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4006.
Council of Science Editors:
Leung ESW. Foraging behaviour of juvenile New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri)
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Otago; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4006
Boston University
19.
Bhat, Uttam.
The non-equilibrium statistical physics of stochastic search, foraging and clustering.
Degree: PhD, Physics, 2017, Boston University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27361
► This dissertation explores two themes central to the field of non-equilibrium statistical physics. The first is centered around the use of random walks, first-passage processes,…
(more)
▼ This dissertation explores two themes central to the field of non-equilibrium statistical physics. The first is centered around the use of random walks, first-passage processes, and Brownian motion to model basic stochastic search processes found in biology and ecological systems. The second is centered around clustered networks: how clustering modifies the nature of transition in the appearance of various graph motifs and their use in modeling social networks.
In the first part of this dissertation, we start by investigating properties of intermediate crossings of Brownian paths. We develop simple analytical tools to obtain probability distributions of intermediate crossing positions and intermediate crossing times of Brownian paths. We find that the distribution of intermediate crossing times can be unimodal or bimodal. Next, we develop analytical and numerical methods to solve a system of 𝑁 diffusive searchers which are reset to the origin at stochastic or periodic intervals. We obtain the optimal criteria to search for a fixed target in one, two and three dimensions. For these two systems, we also develop efficient ways to simulate Brownian paths, where the simulation kernel makes maximal use of first-passage ideas. Finally we develop a model to understand foraging in a resource-rich environment. Specifically, we investigate the role of greed on the lifetime of a diffusive forager. This lifetime shows non-monotonic dependence on greed in one and two dimensions, and surprisingly, a peak for negative greed in 1d.
In the second part of this dissertation, we develop simple models to capture the non-tree-like (clustering) aspects of random networks that arise in the real world. By 'clustered networks', we specifically mean networks where the probability of links between neighbors of a node (i.e., 'friends of friends') is positive. We discuss three simple and related models. We find a series of transitions in the density of graph motifs such as triangles (3-cliques), 4-cliques etc as a function of the clustering probability. We also find that giant 3-cores emerge through first- or second-order, or even mixed transitions in clustered networks.
Subjects/Keywords: Physics; Clustered networks; Foraging; Lattice foraging; Random walks; Statistical physics
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Bhat, U. (2017). The non-equilibrium statistical physics of stochastic search, foraging and clustering. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27361
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bhat, Uttam. “The non-equilibrium statistical physics of stochastic search, foraging and clustering.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27361.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bhat, Uttam. “The non-equilibrium statistical physics of stochastic search, foraging and clustering.” 2017. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Bhat U. The non-equilibrium statistical physics of stochastic search, foraging and clustering. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27361.
Council of Science Editors:
Bhat U. The non-equilibrium statistical physics of stochastic search, foraging and clustering. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27361
Oregon State University
20.
Piorkowski, David.
Information Foraging Theory as a Unifying Foundation for Software Engineering Research : Connecting the Dots.
Degree: PhD, Computer Science, 2016, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59860
► Empirical studies have shown that programmers spend up to one-third of their time navigating through code during debugging. Although researchers have conducted empirical studies to…
(more)
▼ Empirical studies have shown that programmers spend up to one-third of their time navigating through code during debugging. Although researchers have conducted empirical studies to understand programmers’ navigation difficulties and developed tools to address those difficulties, the resulting findings tend to be loosely connected to each other. To address this gap, we propose using theory to “connect the dots” between software engineering (SE) research findings. Our theory of choice is Information
Foraging Theory (IFT) which explains and predicts how people seek information in an environment. Thus, it is well-suited as a unifying foundation because navigating code is a fundamental aspect of software engineering. In this dissertation, we investigated IFT’s suitability as a unifying foundation for SE through a combination of tool building and empirical user studies of programmers debugging. Our contributions show how IFT can help to unify SE research via cross-cutting insights spanning multiple software engineering subdisciplines.
Advisors/Committee Members: Burnett, Margaret M. (advisor), Scaffidi, Christopher (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Information Foraging Theory; Debugging in computer science
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Piorkowski, D. (2016). Information Foraging Theory as a Unifying Foundation for Software Engineering Research : Connecting the Dots. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59860
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Piorkowski, David. “Information Foraging Theory as a Unifying Foundation for Software Engineering Research : Connecting the Dots.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59860.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Piorkowski, David. “Information Foraging Theory as a Unifying Foundation for Software Engineering Research : Connecting the Dots.” 2016. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Piorkowski D. Information Foraging Theory as a Unifying Foundation for Software Engineering Research : Connecting the Dots. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59860.
Council of Science Editors:
Piorkowski D. Information Foraging Theory as a Unifying Foundation for Software Engineering Research : Connecting the Dots. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59860
Texas A&M University
21.
Bockoven, Alison A.
Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant.
Degree: PhD, Entomology, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155760
► Organisms vary at the individual and population level in many ecologically relevant traits. This study documents and quantifies colony-level variation in ecologically important behaviors of…
(more)
▼ Organisms vary at the individual and population level in many ecologically relevant traits. This study documents and quantifies colony-level variation in ecologically important behaviors of a widespread invasive social insect, demonstrates multitrophic ecological effects of this colony-level variation, and explores genetic factors that may affect and predict behavior at the colony-level.
I quantified significant, persistent regional and colony-level variation in the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) in behaviors such as extra-nest activity, exploration, and resource discovery speed and recruitment effort. Colony behavior correlated with both colony productivity and colony growth. Using single-lineage colonies, I estimated broad-sense heritability of between 0.45 and 0.5 for the observed colony behaviors.
I created experimental microcosms comprised of fire ant colonies, plants, and insect herbivores. Differences in fire ant colony behavior linked to carbohydrate attraction directly impacted herbivore mortality and indirectly impacted plant damage.
I quantified colony differences colony differences in the expression of the fire ant
foraging gene (sifor) as well as colony-level differences in behavior for fire ant colonies collected from across a large area of Texas. Expression of sifor was more than three-fold higher in fire ant foragers than in fire ant workers in the interior of the nest, and colony-level differences in sifor expression of foragers and interior workers correlated with colony behavior. Higher sifor expression in foragers correlated with higher
foraging activity, exploratory activity, and recruitment to nectar in fire ant colonies.
Finally, I explored the hypothesis that fire ant foundress groups could maximize inclusive fitness benefits and alter cooperative and competitive behaviors in response to cues indicating higher relatedness of foundresses. I found that group and queen performance was significantly affected by group composition. Groups composed of foundresses that were less likely to be related produced no more workers than queens founding alone, while groups composed of foundresses from the same site produced the most workers of all group types.
The conclusions of this study have widespread implications for many social insects and their ecological interactions. By further exploring these effects at the mechanistic, organismal, and ecological level we will improve our understanding of collective behavior, social evolution, and intraspecific variation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Eubanks, Micky D (advisor), Carney, Ginger (committee member), Coates, Craig (committee member), Slotman, Michel (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: foraging; solenopsis invicta; behavior; superorganism; personality
Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Bockoven, A. A. (2015). Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155760
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bockoven, Alison A. “Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155760.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bockoven, Alison A. “Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant.” 2015. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Bockoven AA. Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155760.
Council of Science Editors:
Bockoven AA. Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155760
Texas A&M University
22.
Bockoven, Alison A.
Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant.
Degree: PhD, Entomology, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155761
► Organisms vary at the individual and population level in many ecologically relevant traits. This study documents and quantifies colony-level variation in ecologically important behaviors of…
(more)
▼ Organisms vary at the individual and population level in many ecologically relevant traits. This study documents and quantifies colony-level variation in ecologically important behaviors of a widespread invasive social insect, demonstrates multitrophic ecological effects of this colony-level variation, and explores genetic factors that may affect and predict behavior at the colony-level.
I quantified significant, persistent regional and colony-level variation in the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) in behaviors such as extra-nest activity, exploration, and resource discovery speed and recruitment effort. Colony behavior correlated with both colony productivity and colony growth. Using single-lineage colonies, I estimated broad-sense heritability of between 0.45 and 0.5 for the observed colony behaviors.
I created experimental microcosms comprised of fire ant colonies, plants, and insect herbivores. Differences in fire ant colony behavior linked to carbohydrate attraction directly impacted herbivore mortality and indirectly impacted plant damage.
I quantified colony differences colony differences in the expression of the fire ant
foraging gene (sifor) as well as colony-level differences in behavior for fire ant colonies collected from across a large area of Texas. Expression of sifor was more than three-fold higher in fire ant foragers than in fire ant workers in the interior of the nest, and colony-level differences in sifor expression of foragers and interior workers correlated with colony behavior. Higher sifor expression in foragers correlated with higher
foraging activity, exploratory activity, and recruitment to nectar in fire ant colonies.
Finally, I explored the hypothesis that fire ant foundress groups could maximize inclusive fitness benefits and alter cooperative and competitive behaviors in response to cues indicating higher relatedness of foundresses. I found that group and queen performance was significantly affected by group composition. Groups composed of foundresses that were less likely to be related produced no more workers than queens founding alone, while groups composed of foundresses from the same site produced the most workers of all group types.
The conclusions of this study have widespread implications for many social insects and their ecological interactions. By further exploring these effects at the mechanistic, organismal, and ecological level we will improve our understanding of collective behavior, social evolution, and intraspecific variation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Eubanks, Micky D (advisor), Carney, Ginger (committee member), Coates, Craig (committee member), Slotman, Michel (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: foraging; solenopsis invicta; behavior; superorganism; personality
Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Bockoven, A. A. (2015). Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155761
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bockoven, Alison A. “Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155761.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bockoven, Alison A. “Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant.” 2015. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Bockoven AA. Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155761.
Council of Science Editors:
Bockoven AA. Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Behavior of the Red Imported Fire Ant. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155761
Texas A&M University
23.
McGovern, Kristen Ann.
Diving Behavior, Habitat Associations, and Sensory Modalities for Prey Detection in Elephant Seals.
Degree: PhD, Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, 2018, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173404
► I used video and movement data obtained from animal-borne video and data recorders (VDRs) and histological data obtained from vibrissal pads of elephant seals to…
(more)
▼ I used video and movement data obtained from animal-borne video and data recorders (VDRs) and histological data obtained from vibrissal pads of elephant seals to address the questions: When, where, how, and on what prey do female southern elephant seals forage? Although the annual cycle of southern elephant seals for breeding, molting, and
foraging is well known, there is little information about their
foraging strategies, hunting tactics, habitat-associations and sensory biology at sea. I deployed VDRs and satellite telemeters on eight female southern elephant seals from Península Valdés, Argentina, during their two-month post-breeding migration. I identified three distinct dive types and their functions (
foraging, resting and transiting) in the deep waters of the Patagonian continental slope and Argentine Basin. Compared to resting and transit dives,
foraging dives were deeper and less linear with bursts of speed, steeper descent and ascent angles, longer two-dimensional and three-dimensional dive paths, and greater variation in speed, descent angle, and vertical head movements. The primary prey identified on video included herring smelt (Argentinidae) and myctophids (Myctophidae). Seals foraged at a mean maximum depth of 469 m with a mean water temperature of 3.7°C and mean salinity of 33.8 psu associated with Sub-Antarctic Mode Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water and Upper Circumpolar Deep Water. These habitat associations were similar to those for elephant seals from other colonies. Compared to
foraging and transit dives, resting dives were longer in duration with shorter two-dimensional dive paths, lower stroking rates and speeds, and greater variation in pitch and roll angle during descent. Transit dives were shallower and more linear with higher swim speeds and stroking rates, shorter durations, shallower ascent angles, and farthest straight-line distances traveled. I provide evidence that elephant seal vibrissae have similar microstructure and innervation to other seals, adding to the growing body of evidence that species in the family Phocidae, and perhaps all pinnipeds, possess highly sensitive vibrissae that form a sensory system for prey detection and capture.
In summary, female southern elephant seals from Península Valdés immediately depart the coast after breeding and travel to the continental slope while making shallow transit dives with little variation in easterly heading. Once beyond the continental shelf, they begin making deep
foraging dives along the continental slope and Argentine Basin in cold water that arises from southern polar regions. While at sea for 75 days, they travel an average horizontal distance of 6,080 km and make 2,815
foraging dives. Their primary prey are small fish, some of which are bioluminescent, that they detect and capture in total darkness using vision and the tactile sensory system in their vibrissae. Between bouts of
foraging dives, they make transit dives to new
foraging areas or rest and probably sleep at an average maximum depth of 375 m. Of the 26 species of…
Advisors/Committee Members: Davis, Randall (advisor), Marshall, Christopher (committee member), Rowe, Gilbert (committee member), Wursig, Bernd (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: seals; foraging; diving; habitat associations; vibrissae
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APA (6th Edition):
McGovern, K. A. (2018). Diving Behavior, Habitat Associations, and Sensory Modalities for Prey Detection in Elephant Seals. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173404
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
McGovern, Kristen Ann. “Diving Behavior, Habitat Associations, and Sensory Modalities for Prey Detection in Elephant Seals.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173404.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
McGovern, Kristen Ann. “Diving Behavior, Habitat Associations, and Sensory Modalities for Prey Detection in Elephant Seals.” 2018. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
McGovern KA. Diving Behavior, Habitat Associations, and Sensory Modalities for Prey Detection in Elephant Seals. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173404.
Council of Science Editors:
McGovern KA. Diving Behavior, Habitat Associations, and Sensory Modalities for Prey Detection in Elephant Seals. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173404
University of Nairobi
24.
Adede, Alfayo Oyugi.
Implementing data integrity and confidentiality in mobile phone based cyber foraging system
.
Degree: 2014, University of Nairobi
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11295/74990
► Following the emergence of cyber foraging systems small resource constrained mobile phone devices are able to offload some of their resource intensive work to computationally…
(more)
▼ Following the emergence of cyber foraging systems small resource constrained mobile phone
devices are able to offload some of their resource intensive work to computationally powerful
surrogate computers accessible on LAN. However, mobile phone based cyber foraging system
also threatens control over data ownership, distribution and management. Users cannot be
guaranteed that surrogate computers do not share data with unauthorized entities. Likewise,
storing data on a mobile device causes user to lose control over that data when the device is
stolen or lost; hence cannot prevent data from being compromised. This project examines the
challenge of data integrity and confidentiality arising from using mobile phone based cyber
foraging systems. We implemented and integrated data integrity and confidentiality enforcing
mechanism based on Remote Access Control and Auditing (RACA) framework into an open
source mobile phone based cyber foraging system prototype using use case approach.
Experimental approach method is applied to measure and evaluate execution time overhead
cost attributed to RACA integration. Result obtained indicated that RACA not only enhances
data integrity and confidentiality but also imposes an insignificantly compromise on task
offloading execution time. However, for enhanced confidentiality and availability we
recommend the use of SSL protocol for data transmission and deployment of surrogate
computers through defensive responses to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks respectively
Subjects/Keywords: Cyber foraging systems;
Data integrity;
Data confidentiality
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Adede, A. O. (2014). Implementing data integrity and confidentiality in mobile phone based cyber foraging system
. (Thesis). University of Nairobi. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11295/74990
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Adede, Alfayo Oyugi. “Implementing data integrity and confidentiality in mobile phone based cyber foraging system
.” 2014. Thesis, University of Nairobi. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11295/74990.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Adede, Alfayo Oyugi. “Implementing data integrity and confidentiality in mobile phone based cyber foraging system
.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Adede AO. Implementing data integrity and confidentiality in mobile phone based cyber foraging system
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Nairobi; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11295/74990.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Adede AO. Implementing data integrity and confidentiality in mobile phone based cyber foraging system
. [Thesis]. University of Nairobi; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11295/74990
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Toronto
25.
Massey, H. Jonathan.
The Foraging Gene and Aggression in the Vinegar Fly, Drosophila melanogaster.
Degree: 2014, University of Toronto
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/67980
► Understanding the causes of phenotypic diversity and evolution is a central challenge for evolutionary biology. The genetic basis of behavioral diversity is currently poorly understood.…
(more)
▼ Understanding the causes of phenotypic diversity and evolution is a central challenge for evolutionary biology. The genetic basis of behavioral diversity is currently poorly understood. I provide a selected review describing the extent of our currrent knowledge on the causes of variation in aggressive behaviors and perform a series of genetic experiments on two strains of the vinegar fly (Drosophila melanogaster) called forR "Rover" and forS "Sitter". I investigate how the foraging gene contributes to differences in aggression between pairs of forR and pairs of forS flies and show 1) that F1 heterozygotes derived from a cross between forR and forS strains display intermediate aggression levels when paired against each other 2) that a null mutation at the foraging locus diminishes aggression levels in paired forR and forS fights 3) that foraging alleles from the forR and forS strains have similar effects on aggression in F1 heterozygotes and 4) that increased expression of the foraging gene in aggression-associated cells fails to increase aggression levels in the forS strain.
M.Sc.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sokolowski, Marla, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology.
Subjects/Keywords: aggression; behavioral polymorphism; foraging gene; 0384
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APA (6th Edition):
Massey, H. J. (2014). The Foraging Gene and Aggression in the Vinegar Fly, Drosophila melanogaster. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/67980
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Massey, H Jonathan. “The Foraging Gene and Aggression in the Vinegar Fly, Drosophila melanogaster.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/67980.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Massey, H Jonathan. “The Foraging Gene and Aggression in the Vinegar Fly, Drosophila melanogaster.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Massey HJ. The Foraging Gene and Aggression in the Vinegar Fly, Drosophila melanogaster. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/67980.
Council of Science Editors:
Massey HJ. The Foraging Gene and Aggression in the Vinegar Fly, Drosophila melanogaster. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/67980
Universidade Nova
26.
Anreiter, Ina.
Epigenetics and behavioural plasticity: drosophila euchromatin histone metiltransferase and foraging.
Degree: 2012, Universidade Nova
URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/8144
► A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Molecular Genetics and Biomedicine
The foraging gene in D. melanogaster underlies…
(more)
▼ A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in
Molecular Genetics and Biomedicine
The foraging gene in D. melanogaster underlies a natural polymorphism with two variants called rover and sitter. These variants differ in a suite of phenotypes which are plastic when exposed to varying environmental parameters. Although the phenotypic differences between rovers and sitters are evident, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved are not completely understood. Recently, a histone methyltransferase (EHMT) was found to methylate histones at the foraging promoter region, suggesting a possible interaction of these two genes. This work provides strong evidence that EHMT significantly affects several phenotypic traits linked to the foraging gene. EHMT is needed for the
plastic response to food-deprivation seen in larval feeding behaviour, evident as food-deprived larvae lacking EHMT show the same behaviour as fed larva, while larva with functional EHMT significantly reduce their path-lengths when food-deprived. Furthermore, the loss of functional EHMT affects sitter but not rover adult foraging behaviour in food-deprived flies, suggesting an epigenetic interaction between EHMT and the foraging alleles. EHMT mutants also have higher fat storage levels and survive longer during starvation. And finally, EHMT mutants and revertants do not differ significantly in
overall foraging RNA expression in fed and food-deprived feeding regimes, but show substantial differences in the foraging protein isoforms expressed. Taken together, this thesis provides proof that EHMT epigenetically regulates traits influenced by the foraging gene and that this regulation is linked to environmental cues. Considering that both foraging and EHMT have homologues in many species and have been associated to a series of human diseases, the results herein are also interesting from a human perspective.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sokolowski, Marla, Pereira, Sofia.
Subjects/Keywords: Behaviour; Plasticity; Epigenetic regulation; Foraging; EHMT
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APA (6th Edition):
Anreiter, I. (2012). Epigenetics and behavioural plasticity: drosophila euchromatin histone metiltransferase and foraging. (Thesis). Universidade Nova. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/8144
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Anreiter, Ina. “Epigenetics and behavioural plasticity: drosophila euchromatin histone metiltransferase and foraging.” 2012. Thesis, Universidade Nova. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/8144.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Anreiter, Ina. “Epigenetics and behavioural plasticity: drosophila euchromatin histone metiltransferase and foraging.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Anreiter I. Epigenetics and behavioural plasticity: drosophila euchromatin histone metiltransferase and foraging. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/8144.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Anreiter I. Epigenetics and behavioural plasticity: drosophila euchromatin histone metiltransferase and foraging. [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2012. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/8144
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Vermont
27.
Plummer, Sheridan.
Yes, You Can Eat That: How Communities that Forage in Vermont Interact with Invasive Species.
Degree: Environmental Program, 2019, University of Vermont
URL: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/envstheses/56
► Invasive species have permanently altered the world, both socially and ecologically, and the rate of introductions shows no sign of slowing down in the…
(more)
▼ Invasive species have permanently altered the world, both socially and ecologically, and the rate of introductions shows no sign of slowing down in the future. In Vermont, foragers are in regular contact with these introduced species and can play an integral role in their removal through the gathering, harvesting, and consumption of edible invasive plants. Through questionnaires to the public, in-depth interviews with
foraging experts, and participation in community herb walks and plant harvesting, I explored perspectives on
foraging in Vermont and its relation to the collection and consumption of invasive plant species. By interpreting the feedback, responses, and observations gathered, I deciphered emergent ideas and common themes as they relate to
foraging for these species. Conversations about our food system cannot, and should not, ignore the growing influence of invasive species on our familiar landscapes. Several themes emerged after thorough analysis and reflection. These themes include: aligning the values of the
foraging community with the impact of
foraging for invasive species, reframing language and attitudes surrounding these species, understanding our changing world, and capitalizing on benefits and addressing barriers of invasive species
foraging. Based on the results of this research, the
foraging community of Vermont could be a unique and valuable avenue to use in spreading awareness and knowledge of this movement.
Advisors/Committee Members: Karen Nordstrom, PhD, Katherine Elmer.
Subjects/Keywords: invasive species; foraging; wildcrafting; Vermont; food system
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APA (6th Edition):
Plummer, S. (2019). Yes, You Can Eat That: How Communities that Forage in Vermont Interact with Invasive Species. (Thesis). University of Vermont. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/envstheses/56
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Plummer, Sheridan. “Yes, You Can Eat That: How Communities that Forage in Vermont Interact with Invasive Species.” 2019. Thesis, University of Vermont. Accessed January 23, 2021.
https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/envstheses/56.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Plummer, Sheridan. “Yes, You Can Eat That: How Communities that Forage in Vermont Interact with Invasive Species.” 2019. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Plummer S. Yes, You Can Eat That: How Communities that Forage in Vermont Interact with Invasive Species. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Vermont; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/envstheses/56.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Plummer S. Yes, You Can Eat That: How Communities that Forage in Vermont Interact with Invasive Species. [Thesis]. University of Vermont; 2019. Available from: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/envstheses/56
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Ottawa
28.
Shewchenko, Tera.
Fly Far, Lift More? What Patterns Exist Within Interindividual Capacity of Flight Performance Traits in Bombus impatiens?
.
Degree: 2017, University of Ottawa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36831
► Locomotion is central to the survival of many animal species; however large variation in performance, for example in speed or endurance, exists between individuals within…
(more)
▼ Locomotion is central to the survival of many animal species; however large variation in performance, for example in speed or endurance, exists between individuals within a species. Using the bumblebee species, Bombus impatiens, I studied the extent of the variation in several flight performance traits and how they are associated. I first addressed how bumblebee workers vary in foraging effort and observed that only around half of the monitored individuals underwent foraging activity. Additionally, significant variation in metabolic rate between foragers and non-foragers was uncovered. I further investigated if such variation could be associated with flight performance capacity, such as an individual’s ability to carry a load, their flight speed and distance traveled, their wing morphology and kinematics, and their flight metabolic rate. These traits are commonly measured to characterize flight capacity in insects, however the links between them have yet to be investigated. Links between morphology, wing kinematics and peak metabolic rate previously uncovered in the literature were observed in my analysis, although variation in their scaling with body mass was detected. Vertical force scaled isometrically with body mass but was not related to it when expressed in on a mass specific basis (VF m-1g-1, where m is gravitation acceleration). In regard to forward flight speed, body mass does have an affect, however it alone does not have a great degree of explanatory power and other factors such as morphology and wing kinematics are likely to play a greater part in its determination. Finally, maximum flight speed had a significant relationship with total flight time. Together, these results demonstrate that some links do exist between flight performance traits, however links are not present between all traits and certain flight performance traits should be treated as independent of each other.
Subjects/Keywords: Flight performance;
Bumblebees;
Insect flight;
Foraging;
Locomotion
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Shewchenko, T. (2017). Fly Far, Lift More? What Patterns Exist Within Interindividual Capacity of Flight Performance Traits in Bombus impatiens?
. (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36831
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shewchenko, Tera. “Fly Far, Lift More? What Patterns Exist Within Interindividual Capacity of Flight Performance Traits in Bombus impatiens?
.” 2017. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36831.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shewchenko, Tera. “Fly Far, Lift More? What Patterns Exist Within Interindividual Capacity of Flight Performance Traits in Bombus impatiens?
.” 2017. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Shewchenko T. Fly Far, Lift More? What Patterns Exist Within Interindividual Capacity of Flight Performance Traits in Bombus impatiens?
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36831.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Shewchenko T. Fly Far, Lift More? What Patterns Exist Within Interindividual Capacity of Flight Performance Traits in Bombus impatiens?
. [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36831
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Adelaide
29.
Bridges, Lachlan.
In the mood for food: Markov-modulated models for animal foraging.
Degree: 2019, University of Adelaide
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/120475
► Early theoretical models of animal foraging determined that Lévy flights were an optimal search strategy in a number of different scenarios. However, a new family…
(more)
▼ Early theoretical models of animal
foraging determined that Lévy flights were an optimal search strategy in a number of different scenarios. However, a new family of strategies known as intermittent or regime-switching strategies have been found to provide a higher search efficiency. In this thesis, we investigate regimeswitching strategies using Markov-modulated random walks. Our model allows a forager to have any number of different search strategies that it switches between according to some Markov chain. We derive an expression for the efficiency of a Markov-modulated random walk, and develop discrete approximations in order to solve our model numerically. We are able to show that many of the existing strategies investigated throughout the literature, such as giving-up time strategies, can be seen as a special case of a Markov-modulated random walk strategy. We are also able to approximate a search model with hidden-targets, where a forager can only locate targets while in a certain state. Using our new expression for the efficiency we recover some existing results from the literature as well as find some new results for the optimal search strategy under various circumstances. Finally, we outline a very simple two-dimensional model, in which food patches are distributed according to a homogeneous spatial Poisson process. We make some simplifying assumptions about the chance of finding food when backtracking, and find an upper bound on the efficiency of a search. We show that taking into account some backtracking makes the model too difficult to solve, and use simulations to investigate the accuracy of our model.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bean, Nigel (advisor), School of Mathematical Sciences (school).
Subjects/Keywords: animal foraging; random walks; Markov modulation
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Bridges, L. (2019). In the mood for food: Markov-modulated models for animal foraging. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/120475
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bridges, Lachlan. “In the mood for food: Markov-modulated models for animal foraging.” 2019. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2440/120475.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bridges, Lachlan. “In the mood for food: Markov-modulated models for animal foraging.” 2019. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Bridges L. In the mood for food: Markov-modulated models for animal foraging. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/120475.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Bridges L. In the mood for food: Markov-modulated models for animal foraging. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/120475
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Ottawa
30.
Jarjour, Catherine.
Effect of Urbanization on Neophobia in Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus)
.
Degree: 2019, University of Ottawa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39460
► As human populations increase and city borders grow, many animals have to modify their foraging behaviours to exploit evolutionarily novel urban food sources that could…
(more)
▼ As human populations increase and city borders grow, many animals have to modify their
foraging behaviours to exploit evolutionarily novel urban food sources that could aid their survival. Neophobia, the fear of novelty, can lead to missed opportunities in these cases. Novelty is therefore expected to elicit different responses in urban and rural populations, a difference that has been frequently studied, but with mixed results. The main objective of my thesis was to study the novelty response of wild black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) in ecologically relevant conditions while controlling for individual characteristics and potential differences in foraging group size. I predicted that urban black-capped chickadees would be more likely to initially contact novelty than rural chickadees, and that subordinates and juveniles would be more likely to first contact novelty than dominants and adults, respectively. I ran replicated experiments using three novelty types (object, colour, or food) on six sites, during which I registered feeder choice of 71 tagged individuals. I found that urban chickadees showed less neophobia than their rural counterparts, the latter initially contacting the familiar feeder before approaching the novel feeder, while the former were equally likely to contact any feeder. There was no significant effect of an individual’s dominance, age or sex on its first choice of feeder, nor was there an effect of novelty type. Overall, my results suggest that urban chickadees exhibit less neophobia than their rural counterparts, because they have generally learned to tolerate novelty in their habitat and/or they have adapted to live in an environment that rewards low neophobia.
Subjects/Keywords: urbanization;
foraging;
environment;
group size;
novelty;
dominance
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Jarjour, C. (2019). Effect of Urbanization on Neophobia in Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus)
. (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39460
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jarjour, Catherine. “Effect of Urbanization on Neophobia in Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus)
.” 2019. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39460.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jarjour, Catherine. “Effect of Urbanization on Neophobia in Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus)
.” 2019. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Jarjour C. Effect of Urbanization on Neophobia in Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus)
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39460.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Jarjour C. Effect of Urbanization on Neophobia in Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus)
. [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39460
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
◁ [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [32] ▶
. 
Open Access Theses and Dissertations
