subject:(Environmental Health)

University of Washington

1. Banks, Lyndsey. Characterization of Traffic-Related Air Pollutants near a Major Roadway in Albuquerque Using a Mobile Monitoring Approach.

Degree: 2013, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/23407

► In order to assess the characteristics of air pollutants in proximity to major roadways, a mobile monitoring campaign took place using the University of Washington… (more)

▼ In order to assess the characteristics of air pollutants in proximity to major roadways, a mobile monitoring campaign took place using the University of Washington Center for Clean Air Research (CCAR) mobile instrument platform designed to measure concentrations of particles and gases while continuously on the move. The CCAR platform followed a predetermined route in Albuquerque, New Mexico, over seven sequential days in April, 2012 during the evening commute timeframe. A series of roads, parallel to each other and Interstate 40, and beginning approximately 30 meters from the interstate, were traversed at least two times per observation day in an effort to tease-out changes in the chemical and physical properties of traffic-related pollutants as they age with distance from roadway. Metrics obtained during the monitoring campaign include: light scattering coefficients, light absorption coefficients, particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), particle optical diameters, particle number concentrations, ozone (O₃), nitric oxide (NO), oxides of nitrogen (NO_x), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), integrated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and location. Spatially resolved measurements were obtained for several of these reactive species as well as non-reactive tracers of vehicle exhaust. Two distinctive dispersion patterns were captured: 1) a symmetric pattern on either side of the interstate associated with low wind speeds; and 2) an asymmetric pattern with a dominant downwind influence. An expected decline with distance from roadway for several traffic-related pollutants, indicative of the dispersion process, was observed for the downwind near-roadway region. Additionally, an expected decrease in O₃ nearing the interstate was observed due to its consumption by NO from roadway emissions. The innovative use of mobile monitoring allows for improved estimates of near-roadway gradients in air pollution, when compared with traditional stationary site sampling. Spatially resolved measurements allow for additional insight into the physical and chemical aging phenomena of traffic-related pollutants in the vicinity of major roadways. Advisors/Committee Members: Simpson, Christopher D (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health; environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Banks, L. (2013). Characterization of Traffic-Related Air Pollutants near a Major Roadway in Albuquerque Using a Mobile Monitoring Approach. (Thesis). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/23407

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Banks, Lyndsey. “Characterization of Traffic-Related Air Pollutants near a Major Roadway in Albuquerque Using a Mobile Monitoring Approach.” 2013. Thesis, University of Washington. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/23407.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Banks, Lyndsey. “Characterization of Traffic-Related Air Pollutants near a Major Roadway in Albuquerque Using a Mobile Monitoring Approach.” 2013. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Banks L. Characterization of Traffic-Related Air Pollutants near a Major Roadway in Albuquerque Using a Mobile Monitoring Approach. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/23407.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Banks L. Characterization of Traffic-Related Air Pollutants near a Major Roadway in Albuquerque Using a Mobile Monitoring Approach. [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/23407

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Washington

2. DeVine, Aubrey. Spatial Analysis of Emergency Medical Service Calls and Extreme Heat in King County, WA.

Degree: 2017, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40094

► Background: Climate change is increasing allergens and environmental degradation, changing vector ecology, and intensifying severe weather and extreme heat (Center for Disease Control, 2016). Average… (more)

▼ Background: Climate change is increasing allergens and environmental degradation, changing vector ecology, and intensifying severe weather and extreme heat (Center for Disease Control, 2016). Average global temperatures are steadily rising, along with the number and intensity of extreme heat events. Extreme heat has significant human health effects such as heat exhaustion, heat stress, and heatstroke. It is well known that morbidity, mortality, and hospitalizations increase during extreme heat events (Busch Isaksen et al., 2016; Medina-Ramon et al., 2006), but this research analyzed the relationship between extreme heat and Emergency Medical Service (EMS) calls. Objective: Building off the previous research of Calkins et al. (2016) who found increased relative risks for both Basic Life Support (BLS) calls and Advanced Life Support (ALS) calls on a King County-wide extreme heat day compared to a non-heat day, this study redefined the spatial scale of analysis to 4km x 7.5km grid cells. Additionally, it looked at county-wide temporal variations in EMS calls as well as examined the relationship of local extreme heat relative risk with community-level grid cell variables: percent tree canopy, percent impervious surfaces, total population, percent of population by age groups, percent development, percent water, average median income, and percent poverty. Methods: Using previously collected EMS data from Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT) of Seattle and King County Division of the Department of Public Health and meteorological data from the Climate Impacts Group, this study analyzed the spatial relationship between extreme heat and EMS calls in King County, WA. EMS data from the summer months of May 1st to September 30th, 2007 to 2012, was evaluated by calculating local crude relative risks for both BLS and ALS calls in each grid cell using a poisson regression and an a priori extreme heat threshold from Calkins et al. (2016). The more precise spatial scale in this analysis portrayed the spatial variation of heat risk in King County. Results: For both BLS and ALS calls, there were increased estimated relative risks of an EMS call on an extreme heat day compared to a non-heat day during peak humidex hours (3-6pm) and after peak humidex hours (6-10pm). Crude relative risks varied in grid cells across the county; significant increases in relative risk for BLS call volumes ranged from 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.09) to 4.13 (95% CI: 1.65, 10.32), while significant increases in relative risk for ALS call volumes ranged from 1.21 (95% CIs: 1.11, 1.32) to 6.50 (95% CIs: 1.06, 40.03). The results of regression models between relative risk and predictor variables showed negative correlations with grid cell percent impervious surface and positive correlations with grid cell percent canopy. Conclusion: The spatial distribution of EMS calls showed crude relative risks significantly vary across King County. Due to the strong negative relationship with impervious surfaces, we hypothesized BLS calls may be caused by recreational… Advisors/Committee Members: Busch Isaksen, Tania (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords:

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APA (6^th Edition):

DeVine, A. (2017). Spatial Analysis of Emergency Medical Service Calls and Extreme Heat in King County, WA. (Thesis). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40094

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

DeVine, Aubrey. “Spatial Analysis of Emergency Medical Service Calls and Extreme Heat in King County, WA.” 2017. Thesis, University of Washington. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40094.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

DeVine, Aubrey. “Spatial Analysis of Emergency Medical Service Calls and Extreme Heat in King County, WA.” 2017. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

DeVine A. Spatial Analysis of Emergency Medical Service Calls and Extreme Heat in King County, WA. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40094.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

DeVine A. Spatial Analysis of Emergency Medical Service Calls and Extreme Heat in King County, WA. [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40094

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Windsor

3. McLeod, Anne. Factors influencing individual variability of PCB body burdens in fish populations.

Degree: MS, Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, 2014, University of Windsor

URL: http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5032

► I investigated the contributions of hydrophobicity, species differences, and spatial and temporal variation to individual variability in PCB concentrations using three species of cyprinids,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Health

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APA (6^th Edition):

McLeod, A. (2014). Factors influencing individual variability of PCB body burdens in fish populations. (Masters Thesis). University of Windsor. Retrieved from http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5032

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McLeod, Anne. “Factors influencing individual variability of PCB body burdens in fish populations.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Windsor. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5032.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McLeod, Anne. “Factors influencing individual variability of PCB body burdens in fish populations.” 2014. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

McLeod A. Factors influencing individual variability of PCB body burdens in fish populations. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Windsor; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5032.

Council of Science Editors:

McLeod A. Factors influencing individual variability of PCB body burdens in fish populations. [Masters Thesis]. University of Windsor; 2014. Available from: http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5032

UCLA

4. Crymes, Anthony. Multi-species, Multi-tissue Meta-analysis of Bisphenol A Transcriptome Studies Reveals Species-and Tissue-specific Molecular Perturbations.

Degree: Environmental Health Sciences, 2018, UCLA

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6jq8857v

► The potential health impact of Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure remains a hotly debated issue. To explore the molecular actions of BPA in a data-driven manner,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Crymes, A. (2018). Multi-species, Multi-tissue Meta-analysis of Bisphenol A Transcriptome Studies Reveals Species-and Tissue-specific Molecular Perturbations. (Thesis). UCLA. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6jq8857v

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Crymes, Anthony. “Multi-species, Multi-tissue Meta-analysis of Bisphenol A Transcriptome Studies Reveals Species-and Tissue-specific Molecular Perturbations.” 2018. Thesis, UCLA. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6jq8857v.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Crymes, Anthony. “Multi-species, Multi-tissue Meta-analysis of Bisphenol A Transcriptome Studies Reveals Species-and Tissue-specific Molecular Perturbations.” 2018. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Crymes A. Multi-species, Multi-tissue Meta-analysis of Bisphenol A Transcriptome Studies Reveals Species-and Tissue-specific Molecular Perturbations. [Internet] [Thesis]. UCLA; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6jq8857v.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Crymes A. Multi-species, Multi-tissue Meta-analysis of Bisphenol A Transcriptome Studies Reveals Species-and Tissue-specific Molecular Perturbations. [Thesis]. UCLA; 2018. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6jq8857v

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Irvine

5. Vo, Joseph Van. The Effects of Ozone on Atherosclerosis in Predisposed Mice.

Degree: Environmental Health Sciences, 2017, University of California – Irvine

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/30806288

► Proliferation of atherosclerotic lesions has been linked to environmental exposures to ambient particulate matter (PM) in susceptible mouse models and could be one factor in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Vo, J. V. (2017). The Effects of Ozone on Atherosclerosis in Predisposed Mice. (Thesis). University of California – Irvine. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/30806288

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vo, Joseph Van. “The Effects of Ozone on Atherosclerosis in Predisposed Mice.” 2017. Thesis, University of California – Irvine. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/30806288.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vo, Joseph Van. “The Effects of Ozone on Atherosclerosis in Predisposed Mice.” 2017. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Vo JV. The Effects of Ozone on Atherosclerosis in Predisposed Mice. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/30806288.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Vo JV. The Effects of Ozone on Atherosclerosis in Predisposed Mice. [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2017. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/30806288

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Berkeley

6. Garcia, Erika. Occupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluids and Incidence of Cancer in the United Autoworkers-General Motors Cohort: Assessing and Accounting for the Healthy Worker Survivor Effect.

Degree: Environmental Health Sciences, 2017, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7bf5w8q6

► Metalworking fluids (MWF) are coolants and lubricants used in industrial machining and grinding operations and have been linked with several cancers. Components found in MWFs,… (more)

▼ Metalworking fluids (MWF) are coolants and lubricants used in industrial machining and grinding operations and have been linked with several cancers. Components found in MWFs, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in oil-based straight fluids and nitrosamines found in water-based synthetic fluids, have been linked with mammary gland as well as respiratory organ tumors in laboratory animals. Epidemiologic evidence for these cancers, however, is less conclusive. Despite the provocative toxicologic evidence, there are few epidemiologic studies on MWF exposure and breast cancer. Results for lung cancer have been null for oil-based MWF and appeared inversely related to synthetic fluids, possible due to presence of endotoxin. The United Autoworkers-General Motors (UAW-GM) study includes an occupational cohort of 46,316 hourly workers in automotive manufacturing and extensive MWF exposure data, with annual average exposure estimates available for workers’ full employment history, and over two decades of cancer incidence follow-up. To better understand the exposure-response relationship between MWF exposure and these cancer outcomes, this dissertation set out to improve upon prior studies by first evaluating the presence of a common source of bias in occupational epidemiology, the healthy worker survivor effect (HWSE) in the UAW-GM cohort, and second collecting additional data and using advanced methods to evaluate these relationships.Chapter 1 is the assessment of the presence of the HWSE in cancer studies of the UAW-GM cohort. The HWSE can affect the validity of occupational studies when data are analyzed incorrectly. HWSE depends on three underlying conditions: (1) leaving work predicts future exposure, (2) leaving work is associated with disease outcome, and (3) prior exposure increases probability of leaving work. If all these conditions are satisfied employment status is a time-varying confounder affected by prior exposure and standard methods will produce bias. I evaluated the presence of these conditions for select cancer outcomes, including lung cancer, in the UAW-GM cohort and found evidence for all three conditions. This suggested that standard methods may underestimate the exposure-response for lung cancer and therefore a g-method should be applied to control for employment status as a time-varying confounder affected by prior exposure. A secondary analysis examining breast cancer among female workers found insufficient evidence for condition (3), indicating that standard methods are appropriate for this outcome and will not produce bias due to HWSE.In Chapter 2, I evaluated the exposure-response relation between cumulative MWF exposure and breast cancer incidence among female workers in the UAW-GM cohort. Additional data was obtained by extending follow-up four more years for female cohort members using data linkage with the Michigan Cancer Registry and the National Death Index. We identified 221 total incident breast cancer cases among 4,503 female workers. Risks associated with exposure to the three…

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Garcia, E. (2017). Occupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluids and Incidence of Cancer in the United Autoworkers-General Motors Cohort: Assessing and Accounting for the Healthy Worker Survivor Effect. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7bf5w8q6

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Garcia, Erika. “Occupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluids and Incidence of Cancer in the United Autoworkers-General Motors Cohort: Assessing and Accounting for the Healthy Worker Survivor Effect.” 2017. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7bf5w8q6.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Garcia, Erika. “Occupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluids and Incidence of Cancer in the United Autoworkers-General Motors Cohort: Assessing and Accounting for the Healthy Worker Survivor Effect.” 2017. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Garcia E. Occupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluids and Incidence of Cancer in the United Autoworkers-General Motors Cohort: Assessing and Accounting for the Healthy Worker Survivor Effect. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7bf5w8q6.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Garcia E. Occupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluids and Incidence of Cancer in the United Autoworkers-General Motors Cohort: Assessing and Accounting for the Healthy Worker Survivor Effect. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2017. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7bf5w8q6

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Irvine

7. Flowers, Lynn Morrissey. The Effect of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Ovulatory Status in Women.

Degree: Environmental Health Sciences, 2015, University of California – Irvine

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2v98q9mh

► The objective of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in reproductive age women would be associated… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Flowers, L. M. (2015). The Effect of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Ovulatory Status in Women. (Thesis). University of California – Irvine. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2v98q9mh

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Flowers, Lynn Morrissey. “The Effect of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Ovulatory Status in Women.” 2015. Thesis, University of California – Irvine. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2v98q9mh.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Flowers, Lynn Morrissey. “The Effect of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Ovulatory Status in Women.” 2015. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Flowers LM. The Effect of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Ovulatory Status in Women. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2v98q9mh.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Flowers LM. The Effect of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Ovulatory Status in Women. [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2015. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2v98q9mh

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

UCLA

8. Yang, Pu. Spatial distribution of noise and particulate matter near two major freeways in Los Angeles, California: correlations and influencing factors.

Degree: Public Health, 2014, UCLA

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7632w77n

► A-weighted equivalent continuous sound level (LeqA), ultrafine particles (UFP, particles with aerodynamic diameter < 100 nm) number concentrations, and fine particles (particles with aerodynamic diameter… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yang, P. (2014). Spatial distribution of noise and particulate matter near two major freeways in Los Angeles, California: correlations and influencing factors. (Thesis). UCLA. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7632w77n

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yang, Pu. “Spatial distribution of noise and particulate matter near two major freeways in Los Angeles, California: correlations and influencing factors.” 2014. Thesis, UCLA. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7632w77n.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yang, Pu. “Spatial distribution of noise and particulate matter near two major freeways in Los Angeles, California: correlations and influencing factors.” 2014. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Yang P. Spatial distribution of noise and particulate matter near two major freeways in Los Angeles, California: correlations and influencing factors. [Internet] [Thesis]. UCLA; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7632w77n.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yang P. Spatial distribution of noise and particulate matter near two major freeways in Los Angeles, California: correlations and influencing factors. [Thesis]. UCLA; 2014. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7632w77n

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Cincinnati

9. Gao, Shuang. Performance of Filtering Facepieces and Powered Air-purifying Respirators Challenged with Different Aerosols.

Degree: PhD, Medicine: Industrial Hygiene (Environmental Health), 2016, University of Cincinnati

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1459155521

► The main objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of various respiratory protective devices (RPDs) against different aerosols. The tested devices included surgical… (more)

▼ The main objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of various respiratory protective devices (RPDs) against different aerosols. The tested devices included surgical masks, N95, R95, P95 and N100 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs), and powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs). Challenge aerosols included sodium chloride (NaCl) particles, combustion particles generated by burning of wood, paper and plastic materials, and surgical smoke generated by cutting the animal tissue. Sodium chloride particles were used as the “model” challenge aerosols, and the RPD performance data collected were compared to those obtained with real workplace aerosols. The effects of multiple factors such as challenge aerosol type, breathing flow rates including constant inhalation flow and cyclic flow, particle size, relative humidity of the ambient air, and respirator type on the RPDs’ performance were evaluated. This dissertation describes four related studies (A-D).In study A (Chapter 1), the filter samples of N95, R95 and P95 FFRs were challenged against NaCl particles and combustion particles generated by burning of wood, paper and plastic materials. The study revealed that the penetration of combustion particles was significantly higher than that of NaCl particles. However, this result was not observed for R95 and P95 FFR filters. Challenge aerosol type, constant inhalation flow rate, and particle size were significant factors on the filter performance of N95 FFR.In study B (Chapter 2), two models of N95 FFRs fully sealed on the manikin headform were tested against NaCl particles and plastic combustion particles. The tests were performed under two relative humidities, RH &asymp 20% and &asymp 80%, representing dry and moderately humid air conditions, respectively. Filter penetration decreased significantly with increasing RH. Challenge aerosol type, mean inspiratory flowrate (MIF), RH and respirator model have significant effect on the performance of tested N95 FFRs. The effect of particle size varied depending on the challenge aerosol and respirator model.In study C (Chapter 3), different RPD types including two surgical masks, two N95 FFRs, and two N100 FFRs were tested on ten human subjects exposed to surgical smoke. Simulated workplace protection factor (SWPF) was measured for each subject wearing an RPD. The study revealed that N95 FFRs and N100 FFRs offer much higher protection level than that of surgical masks while challenging with surgical smoke. Particle size was a significant factor only for the N100 FFRs. In study D (Chapter 4), improperly sized and stretched-out loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) donned on the manikin headform were challenged with NaCl particles. Results showed that the facepiece type and breathing flow rate were significant factors affecting the PAPR performance. Manikin fit factor (mFF) decreased with increasing breathing flows. The protection level of the stretched-out loose-fitting PAPR was significantly lower than the level offered by the other two improperly… Advisors/Committee Members: Grinshpun, Sergey (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gao, S. (2016). Performance of Filtering Facepieces and Powered Air-purifying Respirators Challenged with Different Aerosols. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cincinnati. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1459155521

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gao, Shuang. “Performance of Filtering Facepieces and Powered Air-purifying Respirators Challenged with Different Aerosols.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cincinnati. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1459155521.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gao, Shuang. “Performance of Filtering Facepieces and Powered Air-purifying Respirators Challenged with Different Aerosols.” 2016. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Gao S. Performance of Filtering Facepieces and Powered Air-purifying Respirators Challenged with Different Aerosols. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cincinnati; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1459155521.

Council of Science Editors:

Gao S. Performance of Filtering Facepieces and Powered Air-purifying Respirators Challenged with Different Aerosols. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cincinnati; 2016. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1459155521

University of California – Berkeley

10. Cohen, Alasdair. Household Drinking Water Treatment in Rural China: Microbiological Effectiveness and Socioeconomic Predictors.

Degree: Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, 2016, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5048g3f3

► Across the world, well over one billion people lack access to safe drinking water. There are a variety of low cost household drinking water treatment… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cohen, A. (2016). Household Drinking Water Treatment in Rural China: Microbiological Effectiveness and Socioeconomic Predictors. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5048g3f3

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cohen, Alasdair. “Household Drinking Water Treatment in Rural China: Microbiological Effectiveness and Socioeconomic Predictors.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5048g3f3.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cohen, Alasdair. “Household Drinking Water Treatment in Rural China: Microbiological Effectiveness and Socioeconomic Predictors.” 2016. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Cohen A. Household Drinking Water Treatment in Rural China: Microbiological Effectiveness and Socioeconomic Predictors. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5048g3f3.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cohen A. Household Drinking Water Treatment in Rural China: Microbiological Effectiveness and Socioeconomic Predictors. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5048g3f3

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

UCLA

11. Zhang, Fanyu. Monitoring Indoor Air Quality Using Low-cost Sensors at a Community Scale.

Degree: Environmental Health Sciences, 2019, UCLA

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2h03q3kw

► Introduction: Air pollution is associated with various adverse acute and chronic health outcomes. Indoor air quality is of great concern as people spend a majority… (more)

▼ Introduction: Air pollution is associated with various adverse acute and chronic health outcomes. Indoor air quality is of great concern as people spend a majority of time indoors. To better study indoor pollutants in a community scale, low-cost particulate matter (PM) sensors were installed in a community to collect and monitor PM data.Objectives: 1. Identify indoor PM sources. 2. Identify and measure effectiveness of indoor PM mitigation measures. 3. Determine the capability of the use of low-cost sensors.Methods: 18 apartments in the UCLA university village were recruited for the study. Each apartment was installed with one PurpleAir PM sensor. 12 outdoor sensors were installed on the roof of apartment buildings distributed evenly in the village. PM data were collected automatically by the sensors every 80 seconds and were uploaded to PurpleAir website in real time. Recruited residents were asked to complete one activity log to record their indoor activities and one survey for home characteristics, cleaning activities and cooking activities.Results: Cooking is the most significant indoor PM source, with 28 reported cases and average PM2.5 I/O ratio of 14.3 during cooking hours, the average I/O ratio during non-cooking hours is 1.51. Candle burning is another strong indoor source but with low occurrence frequency. The average PM2.5 I/O ratio during candle burning is 13.08 and during non-burning hours is 1.27. Outdoor and indoor PM2.5 concentration has a strong linear relationship with regression coefficient = 0.35 and R2 = 0.61 when there are no indoor human activities. Natural ventilation can reduce PM2.5 I/O ratio faster after cooking activities. Apartments with air purifier turned on all the time have a significantly lower indoor PM2.5 concentrations and I/O ratios compared to apartments without air purifiers or apartments that use air purifier less frequently. Turning on the fan over stove while cooking can effectively reduce PM levels.Conclusions: The study shows that various sources of indoor PMs and the effect of indoor PM mitigation measures are detected by the PurpleAir. Indoor PMs are contributed by indoor human activities and transportation from outdoor air. The use of an air purifier is an effective mitigation measure. PurpleAir low-cost sensors are capable equipment in conducting such a community scale study.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zhang, F. (2019). Monitoring Indoor Air Quality Using Low-cost Sensors at a Community Scale. (Thesis). UCLA. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2h03q3kw

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhang, Fanyu. “Monitoring Indoor Air Quality Using Low-cost Sensors at a Community Scale.” 2019. Thesis, UCLA. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2h03q3kw.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhang, Fanyu. “Monitoring Indoor Air Quality Using Low-cost Sensors at a Community Scale.” 2019. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Zhang F. Monitoring Indoor Air Quality Using Low-cost Sensors at a Community Scale. [Internet] [Thesis]. UCLA; 2019. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2h03q3kw.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zhang F. Monitoring Indoor Air Quality Using Low-cost Sensors at a Community Scale. [Thesis]. UCLA; 2019. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2h03q3kw

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee

12. Weirich, Chelsea. Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxin Ecology in Lakes and Drinking Water.

Degree: PhD, Environmental & Occupational Health, 2017, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee

URL: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1553

► Freshwater harmful algal blooms (FHABs) present a threat to ecological and public health in inland lakes. Problems associated with FHABs include human and animal… (more)

▼ Freshwater harmful algal blooms (FHABs) present a threat to ecological and public health in inland lakes. Problems associated with FHABs include human and animal illness, production of taste and odor compounds, and declining water quality and property values. Despite increased awareness and research on FHABs in recent decades, questions remain regarding long-term growth and diversity of FHABs in lakes that have taken measures toward slowing or reversing eutrophication, environmental factors impacting toxin occurrence, the most appropriate toxin analysis methods for protecting public health, and evidence for cyanotoxins detected in finished drinking water as a connection to exposure for potentially causing disease; this dissertation research seeks to add evidence to the field for answering such questions. Chapter 1 proposes maximum acceptable concentrations for a variety of cyanotoxins, in advance of recent US Environmental Protection Agency guidelines, and reviews childrens’ risk to cyanotoxin exposure, as well as possible clinical biomarkers. A long-term analysis of major FHAB-forming cyanobacteria and cyanobacterial community composition (CCC) in Chapter 2 demonstrates connections to organic nitrogen, changes in ice cover, total phosphorus, Schmidt stability and rainfall correlating with cyanobacterial abundance and CCC. Chapter 3 presents novel preservation methods for cyanotoxins in lake water samples for intercontinental shipping or storage, as well as describes patterns of occurrence for 13 cyanopeptides (e.g. microcystins, anabaenopeptins, cyanopeptolins, nodularin, microginin) in 22 lakes on a semi-global scale using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry quantification methods. These patterns in cyanotoxin occurrence are then analyzed based on characteristics of their lakes, including mussel invasion, dominant surrounding land usage, trophic status, and lake size. Finally, Chapter 4 characterizes amounts and types of cyanopeptides in raw and finished drinking water and efficiency of their removal among four drinking water treatment process trains. The resulting work demonstrates that other peptides are as common as microcystins in lakes and drinking water, and a variety of cyanopeptides at low doses are detectable in finished water from modern water treatment plants, while providing novel storage, extraction, and detection methods and defining parameters of interannual cyanobacterial dominance in a eutrophic lake with suggested future directions for monitoring. Advisors/Committee Members: Todd R. Miller.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Weirich, C. (2017). Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxin Ecology in Lakes and Drinking Water. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee. Retrieved from https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1553

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Weirich, Chelsea. “Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxin Ecology in Lakes and Drinking Water.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee. Accessed December 08, 2019. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1553.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Weirich, Chelsea. “Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxin Ecology in Lakes and Drinking Water.” 2017. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Weirich C. Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxin Ecology in Lakes and Drinking Water. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1553.

Council of Science Editors:

Weirich C. Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxin Ecology in Lakes and Drinking Water. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee; 2017. Available from: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1553

University of Minnesota

13. Doan, Thuy Hang T. The role of education and hands-on training in emergency preparedness and response.

Degree: PhD, Environmental Health, 2012, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/167063

► Natural disasters, such as Hurricane Katrina and manmade catastrophes such as the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center have tested the public health response… (more)

▼ Natural disasters, such as Hurricane Katrina and manmade catastrophes such as the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center have tested the public health response capabilities of the United States. While each disaster be it natural or manmade will have different characteristics; however, they require the same all-hazards response. This type of response, education and training of the public health workforce serves to prepare them for an effective response to any potential public health threat. While it is essential for public health professionals to receive effective preparedness education and training, it is also crucial that learned knowledge and skills are retained and regularly applied to individual and/or organizational performance capability. The purpose of this process and outcome cross-sectional retrospective study is to evaluate training effectiveness of the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention Division of Strategic National Stockpile Training Program (SNS). The SNS training program is part of a nationwide preparedness training and education program for employees of state and local health departments, emergency management agencies, health care providers, as well as other first responders. The goal of this research study was to examine whether the SNS training program impacted individual behavior and/or organizational performance in emergency preparedness and response. This survey assessed participants' overall reaction to the training course; knowledge including retention and/or decay; participant-reported behavior change within their response role; and participants' self-reported contribution to improving organizational performance.For the purposes of this research, a survey adapted from Kirkpatrick's learning and training evaluation theory was designed, pilot tested, and validated. Correlation from the pilot study showed high internal reliability (>0.70 Cronbach's alpha) for the reaction, learning, and behavior construct. The results construct showed an insufficient Cronbach's alpha coefficient. A total of 93 participants responded to the pilot study and a total of 342 (229 from SNS training, 62 from MPC training, and 51 from MAD training) participants responded to the full study. This evaluation research study has provided significant findings on the effectiveness of the Strategic National Stockpile Training Program. Overall, participants responded positively about their reaction of their overall experience and the knowledge and skills learned from the training course. In general, individuals with less prior knowledge in the SNS, Mass Mobile Preparedness Training (MPC), or Mass Antibiotic Dispensing (MAD) training course gained more knowledge through the training course. More than 70% of respondents had applied knowledge and skills learned from the training course to their response role and/or their organization's response capabilities. Knowledge retention was not significantly different across course years among respondents of the SNS, MPC, and the MAD courses. This research study reinforced that…

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Doan, T. H. T. (2012). The role of education and hands-on training in emergency preparedness and response. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/167063

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Doan, Thuy Hang T. “The role of education and hands-on training in emergency preparedness and response.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/167063.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Doan, Thuy Hang T. “The role of education and hands-on training in emergency preparedness and response.” 2012. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Doan THT. The role of education and hands-on training in emergency preparedness and response. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/167063.

Council of Science Editors:

Doan THT. The role of education and hands-on training in emergency preparedness and response. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/167063

University of Minnesota

14. Lambert, Christine. Occupational exposures and the development of lung disease in Minnesota miners.

Degree: PhD, Environmental Health, 2014, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/167223

► The purpose of this research is to examine occupational exposures within the taconite mining industry in northeastern Minnesota and the development of lung disease. This… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lambert, C. (2014). Occupational exposures and the development of lung disease in Minnesota miners. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/167223

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lambert, Christine. “Occupational exposures and the development of lung disease in Minnesota miners.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/167223.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lambert, Christine. “Occupational exposures and the development of lung disease in Minnesota miners.” 2014. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Lambert C. Occupational exposures and the development of lung disease in Minnesota miners. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/167223.

Council of Science Editors:

Lambert C. Occupational exposures and the development of lung disease in Minnesota miners. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/167223

15. Puttige Ramesh, Nithya. Association between Perfluoroalkyl Substances and the Prevalence of Dental Caries Amongst US Children Aged 12 to 19 years. (NHANES 1999-2012).

Degree: School of Public Health, 2017, Brown University

URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733481/

► Background/Context: Poor oral health can lead to emotional, functional, social, and psychological disturbances, especially in children. Tooth decay is a microbial disease modified by host… (more)

▼ Background/Context: Poor oral health can lead to emotional, functional, social, and psychological disturbances, especially in children. Tooth decay is a microbial disease modified by host factors, including environmental exposures. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), due to their association with reduced bone mineral density and actions as endocrine disrupting chemicals, could be associated with increased susceptibility to dental caries. Study Objectives: To identify the presence of any relationship between PFAS exposure and the prevalence of dental caries amongst a nationally representative sample of US adolescents. Methods/Design: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999-2012 for 12-19-year-old US children. Dental caries prevalence was defined as the presence of decay or a restoration on any tooth surface, or the loss of a tooth following tooth decay. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association between serum PFAS concentrations and dental caries prevalence. Results: Of 2,869 adolescents, 59% had one or more dental caries. We observed no associations between the prevalence of dental caries and serum concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), or perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). However, we observed a trend suggesting a decrease in the prevalence of caries with increasing serum perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) concentrations. The odds of caries were 21% (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.63, 1.01), 15% (OR:0.85; 95% CI: 0.67, 1.08), and 30% (OR:0.7; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.90) lower among children in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles of serum PFNA concentrations compared to children in the first quartile, respectively. Conclusion: PFOA, PFOS and PFHxS were not associated with the prevalence of dental caries. While PFNA concentrations were associated with decreased caries prevalence, the inverse association could be confounded and additional adjustment for factors associated with higher PFAS and lower caries prevalence may attenuate it further. Advisors/Committee Members: Braun, Joseph (Advisor), Arora, Manish (Reader).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Puttige Ramesh, N. (2017). Association between Perfluoroalkyl Substances and the Prevalence of Dental Caries Amongst US Children Aged 12 to 19 years. (NHANES 1999-2012). (Thesis). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733481/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Puttige Ramesh, Nithya. “Association between Perfluoroalkyl Substances and the Prevalence of Dental Caries Amongst US Children Aged 12 to 19 years. (NHANES 1999-2012).” 2017. Thesis, Brown University. Accessed December 08, 2019. https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733481/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Puttige Ramesh, Nithya. “Association between Perfluoroalkyl Substances and the Prevalence of Dental Caries Amongst US Children Aged 12 to 19 years. (NHANES 1999-2012).” 2017. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Puttige Ramesh N. Association between Perfluoroalkyl Substances and the Prevalence of Dental Caries Amongst US Children Aged 12 to 19 years. (NHANES 1999-2012). [Internet] [Thesis]. Brown University; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733481/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Puttige Ramesh N. Association between Perfluoroalkyl Substances and the Prevalence of Dental Caries Amongst US Children Aged 12 to 19 years. (NHANES 1999-2012). [Thesis]. Brown University; 2017. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733481/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Boston University

16. Crawford, Kathryn Anna. Healthy fish, healthy people: how fish can inform our understanding of effects of metabolism disrupting compound exposure on wildlife and human health.

Degree: PhD, Environmental Health, 2018, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/33045

► Biologists have traditionally studied adverse health effects of contaminants on wildlife, whereas public health researchers have independently studied effects of the same chemicals on humans.… (more)

▼ Biologists have traditionally studied adverse health effects of contaminants on wildlife, whereas public health researchers have independently studied effects of the same chemicals on humans. This siloed approach limits maximal progress towards understanding and managing pollution if relevant findings are not translated between fields. A new threat to human health, and potentially ecological health, is metabolic disruption. Metabolism disrupting chemicals (MDCs) are environmental chemicals that can act at systemic and molecular levels across the lifespan to interfere with normal adipose tissue development, lipid storage in the liver, and alter whole-body energetics. Using fish from New Bedford Harbor (NBH), Massachusetts, a marine Superfund site, this research demonstrates the benefit of using a holistic approach to examine exposures to and effects of contaminants in urban waterways. The overall goals of this dissertation were to investigate trends in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination in NBH and to test the hypothesis that PCB and/or organotin exposure has resulted in metabolic disruption in Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) resident in New Bedford Harbor. First, trends in PCBs in seafood harvested throughout NBH since 2003 were characterized over time and space. PCBs declined in shellfish, but not finfish, over time. My risk assessment shows that human health risks associated with seafood consumption have decreased, but safe levels in seafood are not likely to be reached by the end of NBH sediment remediation, in the early 2020s. PCBs and tributyltin (TBT), a pollutant also commonly found in commercial harbors because of its use as an antifouling agent in marine paints, act as MDCs by distinct mechanisms. Dioxin-like PCBs act through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. TBT acts through nuclear receptors, particularly PPARγ and RXR. In the second aim, using historical sediments and current sediments, I document the presence of tin in NBH above background levels. Biological investigations show that adult killifish two generations removed from NBH have more adipose tissue and higher levels of liver triglycerides than killifish from an uncontaminated location. Initial analyses show that changes in PPAR signaling may be particularly important in male killifish. In the third aim, I demonstrate that killifish embryos are minimally responsive to changes in PPARγ-regulated gene expression when treated with TBT or mammalian agonists. However, embryonic TBT exposure interferes with caudal fin development, likely through RXR activation and a reduction in bone formation signaling. Overall, these findings demonstrate metabolic disruption is occurring in a fish species resident to a highly polluted harbor and support the use of sentinel species not only for addressing potential human exposures but also potential adverse human health effects. Advisors/Committee Members: Heiger-Bernays, Wendy J. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Crawford, K. A. (2018). Healthy fish, healthy people: how fish can inform our understanding of effects of metabolism disrupting compound exposure on wildlife and human health. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/33045

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Crawford, Kathryn Anna. “Healthy fish, healthy people: how fish can inform our understanding of effects of metabolism disrupting compound exposure on wildlife and human health.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/33045.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Crawford, Kathryn Anna. “Healthy fish, healthy people: how fish can inform our understanding of effects of metabolism disrupting compound exposure on wildlife and human health.” 2018. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Crawford KA. Healthy fish, healthy people: how fish can inform our understanding of effects of metabolism disrupting compound exposure on wildlife and human health. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/33045.

Council of Science Editors:

Crawford KA. Healthy fish, healthy people: how fish can inform our understanding of effects of metabolism disrupting compound exposure on wildlife and human health. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/33045

17. MacDonald, Pamela. Assessing the toxicity of aquatic sediments using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryolarval bioassays.

Degree: MS, Faculty of Science. Department of Biology., 2010, University of Prince Edward Island

URL: https://islandscholar.ca/islandora/object/ir:21677/datastream/PDF/download/citation.pdf ;

►

Soil erosion from agricultural fields is a major environmental concern on Prince Edward Island (PEI). The Wilmot River watershed is one of the most intensively… (more)

▼

Soil erosion from agricultural fields is a major environmental concern on Prince Edward Island (PEI). The Wilmot River watershed is one of the most intensively farmed regions of PEI with approximately 77% of its land designated to agriculture. The main objectives of this study were to test techniques that would provide more effective and reliable analysis of aquatic sediments. These techniques were used in two initial experiments; the first to assess different sediment storage methods and the second to assess the toxicity of three different carrier solvents.

The first experiment assessed different storage methods of field collected sediment. Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos were exposed to Wilmot River sediments that had been refrigerated, frozen, and freeze-dried. Hatching success, time to hatch, length at hatch, and developmental abnormalities were used as endpoints. Medaka exposed to freeze-dried sediments had a drastic reduction in hatching with only 2 of 72 individuals surviving to hatch. There were no significant differences found between medaka exposed to refrigerated or frozen stored sediments with 75% and 69.4% of embryos hatching, respectively. These results indicate that short term freezing does not increase the toxicity of sediments and that freeze-drying is not an appropriate method of storage for sediments to be used in bioassays.

In the second experiment, Japanese medaka embryos were used to assess the toxicity of three different carrier solvents, ethanol, methanol and acetone. Heart rate, hatching success, time to hatch, length at hatch, and developmental abnormalities were used as endpoints. This was conducted in order to select the most appropriate carrier solvent for sediment extracts to be used when comparing the toxicity of Wilmot River sediments from different sites or time points. Methanol proved to be the least toxic to medaka. With increasing concentrations, individuals exposed to ethanol and acetone exhibited delayed heart rate, reduced hatching success, and delayed time to hatch.

Finally the sediment toxicity of an upstream site (8 I) and a downstream site (82) in a river heavily impacted by agriculture (the Wilmot River) was compared. The rate of developmental abnormalities from the downstream site was also compared with results from a previous study done on at the same site on the Wilmot River in 2005. Medaka exposed to downstream sediments showed decreased hatching success, increased time to hatch, and decreased length at hatching when compared to upstream spring sediments. When compared to results from a similar study done in 2005 there were fewer developmental abnormalities. When exposed to sediment extracts from the 2005 study as well as the present study, medaka exhibited no signs of exposure to toxicants. Pesticide analysis showed trace amounts of several pesticides (e.g. linuron and imidacloprid), with concentrations varying between the years. Analysis of metals (copper, cadmium, and zinc) showed that levels of all three remained constant between the two time…

Advisors/Committee Members: Kevin Teather (Thesis advisor), Michael R. van den Heuvel (Supervisory Committee Member), Pedro Quijon (Supervisory Committee Member).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Health

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APA (6^th Edition):

MacDonald, P. (2010). Assessing the toxicity of aquatic sediments using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryolarval bioassays. (Masters Thesis). University of Prince Edward Island. Retrieved from https://islandscholar.ca/islandora/object/ir:21677/datastream/PDF/download/citation.pdf ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

MacDonald, Pamela. “Assessing the toxicity of aquatic sediments using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryolarval bioassays.” 2010. Masters Thesis, University of Prince Edward Island. Accessed December 08, 2019. https://islandscholar.ca/islandora/object/ir:21677/datastream/PDF/download/citation.pdf ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

MacDonald, Pamela. “Assessing the toxicity of aquatic sediments using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryolarval bioassays.” 2010. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

MacDonald P. Assessing the toxicity of aquatic sediments using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryolarval bioassays. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Prince Edward Island; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: https://islandscholar.ca/islandora/object/ir:21677/datastream/PDF/download/citation.pdf ;.

Council of Science Editors:

MacDonald P. Assessing the toxicity of aquatic sediments using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryolarval bioassays. [Masters Thesis]. University of Prince Edward Island; 2010. Available from: https://islandscholar.ca/islandora/object/ir:21677/datastream/PDF/download/citation.pdf ;

University of Cincinnati

18. Avendt-Reeber, Mary, M.D. Chronic Kidney Disease and Heavy Metal Exposure in Children.

Degree: MS, Medicine: Clinical and Translational Research, 2017, University of Cincinnati

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1504873108060796

► Recent adult studies have shown even low level exposure to arsenic (As) in drinking water was associated with kidney dysfunction. These low levels were found… (more)

▼ Recent adult studies have shown even low level exposure to arsenic (As) in drinking water was associated with kidney dysfunction. These low levels were found in the upper quartile observed in children by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Limited studies exist for evaluating renal function and As in children. One study observed a positive association between As and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in children when analyzing NHANES data from 2009-2012. However, this study did not account for the impact of other heavy metals, ie cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) on renal function. Another method of assessing renal dysfunction is urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR). Objective:To assess the association between urinary As, Cd, Hg, and Pb and renal function in children.Methods: NHANES data from 2003-2014 for individuals 12-20 were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. Independent variables included measurements of urine heavy metals of As, Cd, Hg, and Pb normalized to urinary creatinine. Outcome measurements were ACR and eGFR as determined by Schwartz et al. for participants aged 12-17 and by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) for those aged 18-20. Multivariable linear regression models were utilized to assess the association between both ACR and eGFR and urinary concentrations of As, Cd, Hg, and Pb. These models were adjusted for age, gender, race, ethnicity, blood pressure, body mass index, serum hemoglobin A1C, and serum cotinine.Results: A total of 2897 kids aged 12-20 had available data to determine eGFR and urinary As, Cd, Hg, and Pb concentrations. Median eGFR was 105 ml/min/1.73m² (IQR 89-123). Mean heavy metal concentrations, normalized to urinary creatinine, were: As 10.74 µg/g, Cd 0.15 µg/g, Hg 0.45 µg/g, and Pb 0.46 µg/g. Multivariate analysis showed an increase in ACR of 3.77 for every log unit increase in urinary Cd which approached statistical significance (p=0.06). Multivariate analyses showed an increase in eGFR of 1.7 ml/min/1.73m² for each log unit increase in total urinary As (p = 0.04), an increase of 2.4 ml/min/1.73m for each log unit increase in Cd (p = 0.009), an increase of 1.2 ml/min/1.73m for each log unit increase in Hg (p = 0.04), and an increase of 3.6 for each log unit increase in Pb (p=<0.001). There was no significant association seen between urinary Hg and eGFR.Conclusion:A positive association was once again seen with low level exposure of As and eGFR in children. Similar associations were observed with Cd and Pb as well. Investigation of ACR showed a positive relationship between Cd and ACR which approached statistical significance. The positive relationship seen with eGFR may be due to impairment of excretion or due to hyperfiltration. Thus, further prospective studies using additional, more sensitive, markers of renal injury are needed. Advisors/Committee Members: Haynes, Erin (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Avendt-Reeber, Mary, M. D. (2017). Chronic Kidney Disease and Heavy Metal Exposure in Children. (Masters Thesis). University of Cincinnati. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1504873108060796

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Avendt-Reeber, Mary, M D. “Chronic Kidney Disease and Heavy Metal Exposure in Children.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Cincinnati. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1504873108060796.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Avendt-Reeber, Mary, M D. “Chronic Kidney Disease and Heavy Metal Exposure in Children.” 2017. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Avendt-Reeber, Mary MD. Chronic Kidney Disease and Heavy Metal Exposure in Children. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Cincinnati; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1504873108060796.

Council of Science Editors:

Avendt-Reeber, Mary MD. Chronic Kidney Disease and Heavy Metal Exposure in Children. [Masters Thesis]. University of Cincinnati; 2017. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1504873108060796

Boston University

19. Edwards, Lariah Marie. The quantification of total PPARgamma ligand activity in serum samples and the association with adverse metabolic health endpoints.

Degree: PhD, Environmental Health, 2019, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38201

► It is well recognized that the global increase in obesity and metabolic diseases over the last several decades cannot be solely attributed to aging and… (more)

▼ It is well recognized that the global increase in obesity and metabolic diseases over the last several decades cannot be solely attributed to aging and modern lifestyle trends (i.e., excess caloric intake and lack of physical activity). Metabolism disrupting chemicals (MDCs) are environmental and consumer product chemicals that act at the molecular level in multiple organs to affect systemic metabolic homeostasis and are hypothesized to increase the risk of obesity and metabolic diseases. The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) regulates insulin sensitivity, adipogenesis, and mature adipocyte maintenance, function and survival, which make it beneficial as a therapeutic target. However, PPARγ is also a target for structurally diverse MDCs that may not induce its health-promoting biological effects. One such PPARγ agonist is triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), an organophosphate ester commonly used in consumer products. Accumulating evidence from animal and in vitro studies demonstrates that MDCs act on multiple organs (e.g., liver, adipose, pancreas) to disrupt glucose and lipid homeostasis. Epidemiological studies have characterized human exposure to complex mixtures of MDCs and associated that exposure to obesity and metabolic diseases. However, not all suspected MDCs have been investigated in human epidemiological studies. Furthermore, these studies are complicated given the role of complex chemical mixtures. The objectives of this dissertation were: 1) to investigate the role of TPHP, a suspected MDC in animal studies, as a metabolic disruptor in humans, 2) to develop an improved biomarker of exposure to mixtures of environmental PPARγ ligands, the Serum PPARγ Activity Assay (SPAA), and 3) to investigate environmental exposures in a human cohort using the SPAA. In the first aim, we used publicly available data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to investigate the association between urinary diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), a metabolite of TPHP and biomarker of exposure, and measures of body adiposity as well as markers of type 2 diabetes risk. In adjusted multivariate linear regression models, urinary DPHP was positively associated with increased waist circumference, body mass index, and sagittal abdominal diameter in adults aged 20-50 years, but not in older adults aged 51-79 years. In all adults, urinary DPHP was not associated with any marker of type 2 diabetes risk (fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, 2-hour oral glucose). In the second aim, we developed and optimized the SPAA as a tool to measure cumulative PPARγ ligand activity in human serum samples and then used the assay to assess exposure to PPARγ ligands in a human cohort. SPAA generates robust PPRE transcriptional activity using Cos-7 cells transfected with a human PPARγ1 expression vector along with a PPRE (DR1)-driven luciferase vector. With small volumes of serum, the SPAA reliably detected high PPRE transcriptional activity levels induced… Advisors/Committee Members: Peters, Junenette L. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Edwards, L. M. (2019). The quantification of total PPARgamma ligand activity in serum samples and the association with adverse metabolic health endpoints. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38201

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Edwards, Lariah Marie. “The quantification of total PPARgamma ligand activity in serum samples and the association with adverse metabolic health endpoints.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38201.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Edwards, Lariah Marie. “The quantification of total PPARgamma ligand activity in serum samples and the association with adverse metabolic health endpoints.” 2019. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Edwards LM. The quantification of total PPARgamma ligand activity in serum samples and the association with adverse metabolic health endpoints. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2019. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38201.

Council of Science Editors:

Edwards LM. The quantification of total PPARgamma ligand activity in serum samples and the association with adverse metabolic health endpoints. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38201

University of Washington

20. Pease, Scott. An Analysis of Viral Metagenomes in Acetate-fed Anaerobic Reactors.

Degree: 2013, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/21921

► Anaerobic digesters (ADs) are an important engineered system used to effectively treat wastewater sludge. The ecology of these digesters is dominated by the acetoclastic methanogens,… (more)

▼ Anaerobic digesters (ADs) are an important engineered system used to effectively treat wastewater sludge. The ecology of these digesters is dominated by the acetoclastic methanogens, Methanosaeta spp. and Methanosarcina spp. Though CRISPR sequences have been identified in the genomes of these methanogens, no phages infecting these archaea have been identified. Analysis of the virus size fraction of digester samples by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the presence of numerous virus-like particles (VLPs), consistent with phages within the family Siphoviridae, which contains phages that infect both archaea and bacteria. To further investigate these VLPs, acetate-fed anaerobic reactors were established and samples removed for characterization of the viral size fraction (VSF) by DNA sequencing. Samples from functional ADs were also processed to assess the similarity to the reactor communities. Samples were 0.2 um filtered, concentrated, placed in CsCl density gradient, and DNase treated before DNA extraction. To assess sample purity and diversity, one sample was initially amplified and sequenced. Samples were then sequenced using an Ion Torrent PGM. Sequences were quality trimmed and assembled, and then analyzed using MG-RAST. Taxonomic profiling yielded ~10% of reactor sequences having significant matches, compared to 25-32% of digester sequences, and indicated dominance by the order Caudovirales, consistent with TEM images. Reactor sequence matches to CRISPR spacers of Methanosaeta concilii suggest the presence of viruses of acetoclastic methanogens in these systems. Functional profiling indicated an abundance of DNA methylase genes, consistent with a prior study. Taxonomic and functional comparison indicated moderate differences between the hourly fed reactor and other samples. Functional comparison to viral metagenomes from other environments indicated significantly lower metabolic gene frequency in our samples. DNA analysis of the VSFs is consistent with microscopy results that phages are a robust component of the digester communities. Advisors/Committee Members: Meschke, John S (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health; Environmental engineering; Environmental health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pease, S. (2013). An Analysis of Viral Metagenomes in Acetate-fed Anaerobic Reactors. (Thesis). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/21921

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pease, Scott. “An Analysis of Viral Metagenomes in Acetate-fed Anaerobic Reactors.” 2013. Thesis, University of Washington. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/21921.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pease, Scott. “An Analysis of Viral Metagenomes in Acetate-fed Anaerobic Reactors.” 2013. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Pease S. An Analysis of Viral Metagenomes in Acetate-fed Anaerobic Reactors. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/21921.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pease S. An Analysis of Viral Metagenomes in Acetate-fed Anaerobic Reactors. [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/21921

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

21. Skordal, Katherine J. Control Banding Tools: Advanced Regulated Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals Tool and Agreement with Professional Judgment.

Degree: 2013, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/21937

► One workplace risk assessment strategy that has emerged in recent years is control banding. This strategy has gained momentum within the safety and health community,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords:

11 more images…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Skordal, K. J. (2013). Control Banding Tools: Advanced Regulated Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals Tool and Agreement with Professional Judgment. (Thesis). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/21937

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Skordal, Katherine J. “Control Banding Tools: Advanced Regulated Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals Tool and Agreement with Professional Judgment.” 2013. Thesis, University of Washington. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/21937.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Skordal, Katherine J. “Control Banding Tools: Advanced Regulated Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals Tool and Agreement with Professional Judgment.” 2013. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Skordal KJ. Control Banding Tools: Advanced Regulated Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals Tool and Agreement with Professional Judgment. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/21937.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Skordal KJ. Control Banding Tools: Advanced Regulated Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals Tool and Agreement with Professional Judgment. [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/21937

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Washington

22. Ravi, Divya. Association between in-utero exposure to diesel exhaust and N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation in hyperlipidemic pregnant mice and development of atherosclerosis at multiple vascular sites in the offspring.

Degree: 2016, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/36639

► Association between in-utero exposure to diesel exhaust and N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation in hyperlipidemic pregnant mice and development of atherosclerosis at multiple vascular sites in the offspring… (more)

▼ Association between in-utero exposure to diesel exhaust and N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation in hyperlipidemic pregnant mice and development of atherosclerosis at multiple vascular sites in the offspring Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the single largest cause of death worldwide, accounting for about 17.3 million annual deaths. In addition to the traditional risk factors for IHD, recent evidence points towards the role of environmental factors such as diesel exhaust (DE) emissions in the pathogenesis of the disease. Chemically, DE consists of a mixture of toxic gases and diesel particulate matter (DPM). Several mechanisms have been proposed for the toxicity of DPM in the body, such as its ability to cause oxidative stress, impair immunity, stimulate an inflammatory response and cause thromboischemic changes. Furthermore, there is ongoing research that supports the association between impaired in-utero growth and the pathogenesis of adult onset diseases including coronary heart disease. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of in-utero exposure to diesel exhaust in the development of atherosclerosis in the offspring later in life, with a focus on the histological changes. Methodology: In this study, pregnant hyperlipidemic apolipoproteinE (apoE -/-) deficient mice were randomized into one of four exposure groups: 1) Diesel exhaust and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), referred to as DN 2) diesel exhaust and control water, referred to as DC 3) filtered air and NAC and, referred to as FN 4) filtered air and control water, referred to as FC. The exposures were restricted to the prenatal period and were discontinued after birth. The offspring born to these dams were nurtured in a controlled environment until they were 16 weeks of age, at which point they were sacrificed. Various tissue specimens were isolated, including the innominate arteries (IA) which were examined microscopically for the presence of atherosclerotic lesions and vascular remodeling. In specific, the atherosclerotic lesion areas and medial expansion areas were quantified and differences between the study groups were statistically analyzed. Results: Offspring born to diesel plus NAC (DN) dams exhibited the larger mean IA atherosclerotic lesion areas and medial thickening. The prevalence of peri-vascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in the DE exposed groups combined (diesel plus control water [DC] and diesel plus NAC [DN]) was 1.49 times (95% CI 1.02-1.54) that of the prevalence of PVAT in the filtered air groups (filtered air control [FC] and filtered air plus NAC [FN]). First litter pups recorded a significantly higher prevalence (p=0.011) of PVAT than their second litter counterparts. No correlation was seen between lesion development in the IA versus lesion development in the aortic sinus for a given group. Lastly, there was an increase in cumulative mortality between the 12th and 16th week for the DC group compared to the other groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that in-utero DE exposure and NAC supplementation is associated… Advisors/Committee Members: Rosenfeld, Michael (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords:

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ravi, D. (2016). Association between in-utero exposure to diesel exhaust and N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation in hyperlipidemic pregnant mice and development of atherosclerosis at multiple vascular sites in the offspring. (Thesis). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/36639

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ravi, Divya. “Association between in-utero exposure to diesel exhaust and N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation in hyperlipidemic pregnant mice and development of atherosclerosis at multiple vascular sites in the offspring.” 2016. Thesis, University of Washington. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/36639.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ravi, Divya. “Association between in-utero exposure to diesel exhaust and N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation in hyperlipidemic pregnant mice and development of atherosclerosis at multiple vascular sites in the offspring.” 2016. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Ravi D. Association between in-utero exposure to diesel exhaust and N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation in hyperlipidemic pregnant mice and development of atherosclerosis at multiple vascular sites in the offspring. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/36639.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ravi D. Association between in-utero exposure to diesel exhaust and N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation in hyperlipidemic pregnant mice and development of atherosclerosis at multiple vascular sites in the offspring. [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/36639

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

23. Howe, Mary Kathleen. Addressing angiostrongyliasis on Hawai'i island with research, education outreach, and host control.

Degree: 2017, University of Hawai'i at Hilo

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10234800

► Hawaii Island has the highest incidence of rat lungworm disease (RLWD) of all the Hawaiian Islands and the mainland United States. The relatively recent… (more)

▼ Hawaii Island has the highest incidence of rat lungworm disease (RLWD) of all the Hawaiian Islands and the mainland United States. The relatively recent introduction of the semi-slug Parmarion martensi, an effective intermediate host, and the wide-spread use of rainwater catchment systems may play a role. Studies were designed to investigate the ability of drowned gastropods to shed larvae, the location in a water column where larvae would most likely be found, the potential for larval passage through a 20µm filter, and the ability of the larvae to survive outside the slug/snail host. Whole P. martensi shed many, viable A. cantonensis larvae with >90% of larvae found in samples taken from the bottom of the water column, suggesting they may settle near the bottom of a catchment tank. Larvae that were able to pass through a 20µm sieve could not survive acid, were active for at least 56 days outside the slug host, and tested positive for RLW by qPCR. Larvae that could not pass through a 20µm sieve were able to survive HCl-pepsin, were active for at least 21 days, and tested positive for RLW. First stage larvae can survive gut acid when swallowed after migration from the lungs but cannot withstand acid immersion again until they become third stage larvae.The study results merit further investigation into the potential link between poorly maintained rainwater catchment systems and the high incidence of RLWD on Hawaii Island, and the studies clearly demonstrate the need for control of hosts of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Hawaii’s remote location makes food security an important issue. State-wide efforts to promote the Grow Local, Eat Local movement are reflected in the growing number of residential gardens, small farms, farmers’ markets, school and youth garden projects, and the recent passage of the Farm to School Bill. However, efforts to educate farmers, food handlers, and consumers about rat lungworm disease and the need for disease prevention and host control has not been similarly supported. In collaboration with five partner schools on Hawaii Island, the University of Hawaii, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy’s Hawaii Island Rat Lungworm Working Group worked with students and teachers to develop an integrated pest management plan for school garden projects. Integrated pest management allows for the careful consideration of applications available to control a pest event and chooses those practices that are least harmful to human and environmental health. These best practices include preventative cultural practices, monitoring, mechanical control, biological control, and the responsible use of pesticides. Students were intensively educated about RLWD, the parasite’s life cycle, and prevention measures. Using best management practices, we set up traps and collected data on gastropod species abundance, and shelter-type capture rate. Integrating STEM curriculum makes the project attractive to schools as it supports student academic…

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental education; Environmental health; Parasitology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Howe, M. K. (2017). Addressing angiostrongyliasis on Hawai'i island with research, education outreach, and host control. (Thesis). University of Hawai'i at Hilo. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10234800

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Howe, Mary Kathleen. “Addressing angiostrongyliasis on Hawai'i island with research, education outreach, and host control.” 2017. Thesis, University of Hawai'i at Hilo. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10234800.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Howe, Mary Kathleen. “Addressing angiostrongyliasis on Hawai'i island with research, education outreach, and host control.” 2017. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Howe MK. Addressing angiostrongyliasis on Hawai'i island with research, education outreach, and host control. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hawai'i at Hilo; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10234800.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Howe MK. Addressing angiostrongyliasis on Hawai'i island with research, education outreach, and host control. [Thesis]. University of Hawai'i at Hilo; 2017. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10234800

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

24. Gao, Lina. ROS-induced DNA adducts in the rodents after exposure to superfund hazardous chemicals.

Degree: 2011, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3477549

► The accumulation of oxidative DNA damage has been hypothesized as a key event in chemical carcinogenesis. In this study, oxidative DNA damage was evaluated… (more)

▼ The accumulation of oxidative DNA damage has been hypothesized as a key event in chemical carcinogenesis. In this study, oxidative DNA damage was evaluated in the livers of rats exposed to vinyl chloride (VC), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126), 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF) and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-Hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB153). Eight oxidative DNA adducts were measured, 8-hydroxyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 1, N⁶-etheno-2'-deoxyadenosine (ϵdA), N², 3-ϵG, 1, N²-etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine (1, N²-ϵdG), 3-(2'-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl) pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H) (M₁dG), acrolein, crotonaldehyde and 4-HNE-derived dG adducts (assigned as AcrdG, CrdG, and 4-HNEdG respectively). ϵdA is one of the promutagenic DNA adducts formed by VC, which can also be formed by lipid peroxidation. In this study, both adult and weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 1100 ppm (¹³C₂)-VC for 1 week (6 h/day, 5 days/week). The results indicated that NA-ϵdA concentration did not show significant difference in the liver of adult and weanling rats after VC exposure. The distribution pattern of (¹³C₂)-ϵdA in liver, lung and kidney indicated that liver was the dominant target organ for VC toxicity in both adult and weanling rats. ROS-induced DNA adducts were detected in the liver of female intact, ovariectomized (OVX) and male Sprague-Dawley rats, including 8-OHdG, 1, N⁶-ϵdA, AcrdG, and CrdG. These animals were exposed to TCDD for 30 weeks after diethylnitrosamine (DEN) initiation. Induction of these adducts was consistently found in liver DNA of TCDD-treated intact female rats and 17β-estradiol (E₂) supplemented OVX female rats, but not detected in OVX rats without E₂ supplement or male rats. These results further confirmed that the induction of these adducts occurs via a sex-specific and estrogen-dependent mechanism reported previously. Oxidative DNA damage was measured in liver DNA of female Sprague-Dawley rats following 53-week exposure of PHAHs, including PCB153, PCB126, TCDD, and the ternary mixture of TCDD, PCB126 and PeCDF. Increases of 8-OHdG, N², 3-ϵG and 1, N⁶-ϵdA were observed in PCB153 or PCB126 exposed animals. Significant increases of 1, N⁶-ϵdA were observed in all animals exposed to TCDD and the ternary mixture. Increases of 1, N²-ϵdG, CrdG, AcrdG, 4-HNEdG and M1dG were detected in animals exposed to the ternary mixture, but not the TCDD treated rats compared to the control.

Subjects/Keywords: Health Sciences, Toxicology; Environmental Health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gao, L. (2011). ROS-induced DNA adducts in the rodents after exposure to superfund hazardous chemicals. (Thesis). The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3477549

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gao, Lina. “ROS-induced DNA adducts in the rodents after exposure to superfund hazardous chemicals.” 2011. Thesis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3477549.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gao, Lina. “ROS-induced DNA adducts in the rodents after exposure to superfund hazardous chemicals.” 2011. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Gao L. ROS-induced DNA adducts in the rodents after exposure to superfund hazardous chemicals. [Internet] [Thesis]. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3477549.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gao L. ROS-induced DNA adducts in the rodents after exposure to superfund hazardous chemicals. [Thesis]. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; 2011. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3477549

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

25. Cromar, Kevin Ryan. Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Influences on the Risk of Air Pollution Related Asthma Hospital Admission.

Degree: 2012, New York University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3502686

► Background: Asthma is a growing epidemic in the U.S. Obesity, and more recently metabolic syndrome, has been shown to be associated with increased prevalence… (more)

▼ Background: Asthma is a growing epidemic in the U.S. Obesity, and more recently metabolic syndrome, has been shown to be associated with increased prevalence of asthma morbidity prevalence. Air pollution exposure, meanwhile, is associated with increased risk of acute asthma exacerbation. However, it is unclear the extent to which co-morbidities, specifically obesity and metabolic syndrome, increase the risk of air pollution related asthma morbidity. Methods: Data for 105,914 unscheduled asthma hospital admissions with a primary diagnosis of asthma in New York City (NYC) during 2003–2006, were obtained from the New York State Department of Health Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative Survey. Daily monitored pollutant concentrations from NYC-area monitors were averaged to determine daily exposure estimates for pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and ozone (O₃). A Poisson, generalized linear model was utilized to assess the association of these acute air pollution exposures with daily asthma hospital admissions among children (ages 1–17), adults (ages 18–64), and older adults (ages 65 and older). Analyses stratified by secondary diagnoses were then performed to determine whether obesity or metabolic syndrome co-morbid conditions modified the associations of air pollution and asthma hospital admissions in these age subpopulations. Results: Asthma hospital admissions among children, adults, and older adults were significantly associated with acute air pollutant exposures. Children with obesity had significantly higher risk ratios for asthma hospital admissions vs. children without obesity for associations with PM_2.5 and NO₂, especially among girls with obesity and during the warm season of the year. While the individual co-morbidities corresponding to metabolic syndrome (i.e., hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and hyperlipidemia) were not observed to significantly modify the associations of air pollutants and asthma hospital admissions, adults and older adults with multiple secondary diagnoses corresponding to metabolic syndrome had significantly higher risk ratios for asthma hospital admissions vs. those without metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: Obesity in children, and metabolic syndrome in adults, significantly increased the risk of air pollution related asthma hospital admissions in NYC. This information may enhance the consideration of susceptibility to air pollution in government policymaking, as well as inform physicians advising at-risk patients.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Health; Health Sciences, Epidemiology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cromar, K. R. (2012). Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Influences on the Risk of Air Pollution Related Asthma Hospital Admission. (Thesis). New York University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3502686

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cromar, Kevin Ryan. “Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Influences on the Risk of Air Pollution Related Asthma Hospital Admission.” 2012. Thesis, New York University. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3502686.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cromar, Kevin Ryan. “Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Influences on the Risk of Air Pollution Related Asthma Hospital Admission.” 2012. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Cromar KR. Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Influences on the Risk of Air Pollution Related Asthma Hospital Admission. [Internet] [Thesis]. New York University; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3502686.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cromar KR. Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Influences on the Risk of Air Pollution Related Asthma Hospital Admission. [Thesis]. New York University; 2012. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3502686

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Missouri – Columbia

26. Naught, Laura Eisinger. Arsenic speciation of swine urine for possible use in human exposure assessments.

Degree: 2014, University of Missouri – Columbia

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3577952

► Millions of people are exposed to arsenic in the United States and worldwide. Commonly found arsenic species in human urine are AsIII (arsenite), AsV… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Health Sciences, Toxicology; Environmental Health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Naught, L. E. (2014). Arsenic speciation of swine urine for possible use in human exposure assessments. (Thesis). University of Missouri – Columbia. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3577952

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Naught, Laura Eisinger. “Arsenic speciation of swine urine for possible use in human exposure assessments.” 2014. Thesis, University of Missouri – Columbia. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3577952.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Naught, Laura Eisinger. “Arsenic speciation of swine urine for possible use in human exposure assessments.” 2014. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Naught LE. Arsenic speciation of swine urine for possible use in human exposure assessments. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3577952.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Naught LE. Arsenic speciation of swine urine for possible use in human exposure assessments. [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2014. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3577952

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

27. Cromwell, Allison. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a Cohort of Police Officers That Responded to September 11th.

Degree: 2016, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10125176

► Cardiovascular disease and diabetes are a growing problem around the world and both considered leading causes of death in the United States. Cardiovascular disease… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental health; Public health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cromwell, A. (2016). Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a Cohort of Police Officers That Responded to September 11th. (Thesis). Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10125176

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cromwell, Allison. “Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a Cohort of Police Officers That Responded to September 11th.” 2016. Thesis, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10125176.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cromwell, Allison. “Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a Cohort of Police Officers That Responded to September 11th.” 2016. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Cromwell A. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a Cohort of Police Officers That Responded to September 11th. [Internet] [Thesis]. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10125176.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cromwell A. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a Cohort of Police Officers That Responded to September 11th. [Thesis]. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; 2016. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10125176

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida Atlantic University

28. Barbarite, Gabrielle M. The Occurrence of Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, with Implications for Human Health.

Degree: 2016, Florida Atlantic University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10300318

► Vibrio bacteria are emerging pathogens responsible for 80,000 illnesses and 100 deaths in the United States each year. Infections are directly linked to the… (more)

▼ Vibrio bacteria are emerging pathogens responsible for 80,000 illnesses and 100 deaths in the United States each year. Infections are directly linked to the marine environment and are acquired by consuming contaminated seafood or exposing wounds during aquatic activities. Florida has the highest national incidence of vibriosis, with 20% of its cases reported from the Indian River Lagoon region, a popular recreation destination. This study utilized a combination of cultivation and molecular techniques to investigate the local distribution of V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae in this local waterway. The targeted species were found in an array of samples which may facilitate their transmission to humans. Overall, these bacteria were abundant in estuarine sediments (Vp: 2,439 CFU/g, Vv: 303 CFU/g, Vc: 176 CFU/g), on the sharp edges of oyster shells (Vp: 82 CFU/cm, Vv: 102 CFU/cm, Vc: 41 CFU/cm), and in the water column (Vp: 3.78 CFU/ml, Vv: 5.51 CFU/ml, Vc: 2.46 CFU/ml). Vibrio also pose a hazard to recreational anglers as they were recovered from fish (Vp: 61%, Vv: 55%, Vc: 30%), live bait shrimp (Vp: 80%, Vv: 37%, Vc: 0%) and hooks (Vp: 32%, Vv: 18%, Vc: 0%). Additionally, a molecular analysis of the V. vulnificus virulence revealed that the local population was dominated by disease-causing (vcgC) strains, which may explain why wound-related infections are common in this region. Vibrio occurrence varied both spatially and temporally due to their relationship with salinity and temperature. These bacteria exhibited a strong negative correlation with salinity, being particularly abundant near freshwater discharge locations. Due to Florida’s year-round warm climate, these species were found to be permanent members of the local microbial community. Seasonal peaks in abundance occurred between August and October, a period which corresponds with the warmest water temperatures as well as frequent rainfall. Predictive models were constructed based on these parameters to provide a better understanding of how, when and where Vibrio spp. may be encountered by humans. This information is important for both water management and healthcare initiatives, with an overall goal of improving local recreational safety.

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiology; Environmental health; Public health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Barbarite, G. M. (2016). The Occurrence of Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, with Implications for Human Health. (Thesis). Florida Atlantic University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10300318

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Barbarite, Gabrielle M. “The Occurrence of Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, with Implications for Human Health.” 2016. Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10300318.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Barbarite, Gabrielle M. “The Occurrence of Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, with Implications for Human Health.” 2016. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Barbarite GM. The Occurrence of Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, with Implications for Human Health. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida Atlantic University; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10300318.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Barbarite GM. The Occurrence of Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, with Implications for Human Health. [Thesis]. Florida Atlantic University; 2016. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10300318

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Berkeley

29. Ko, Peiyi. Effects of Computer Display Design on Health and Productivity.

Degree: Environmental Health Sciences, 2012, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9sk3n1jm

► Long hours of computer work in the modern workplace are associated with visual and musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders, which are recognized by the World Health… (more)

▼ Long hours of computer work in the modern workplace are associated with visual and musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders, which are recognized by the World Health Organization as major occupational health concerns. The rising age of the workforce imposes new challenges in office ergonomics due to the changes in vision and musculoskeletal characteristics of these computer users.To investigate the effects and mechanisms of oculomotor demands on the most common complaints associated with prolonged computer use, blurred vision, eyestrain, and irritation of the eyes, a within-subject design laboratory study with 17 young subjects was conducted. Subjective ratings of symptoms and objective static and dynamic accommodation and convergence responses were recorded during and after a 2-hour visually demanding computer task. Each subject repeated the task over 6 days using different combinations of natural and optically-modified oculomotor demands. While there was little effect of viewing distance on symptoms, an elevated static accommodation response and a reduced dynamic divergence response were found for the natural near viewing distance condition (33 cm) compared to the far viewing distance (100 cm). Optical manipulation had no effect at the far viewing distance (100 cm), whereas artificially decreasing the accommodation demand at the near viewing distance increased eyestrain. Divergence limits was identified as a factor for predicting the symptom of eyestrain. A second within-subject, full-factorial design laboratory study with 19 young and 7 older, presbyopic subjects investigated the effects of age, font size, and reflective glare on productivity, upper body posture, and visual and upper body discomfort, in a setting where the subjects could freely adjust their posture and chair position while performing visually demanding tasks on a computer. Compared to the larger font size, the smaller fonts had significant negative effects on all outcome measures: productivity (speed and accuracy) was lower, visual and neck symptoms were higher, and viewing distance was decreased. The reduced viewing distance was primarily due to forward torso flexion (78%), followed by moving the chair forward (4%) and forward head movement (3%). Screen glare induced non-neutral upper body postures, including neck flexion, torso forward flexion, and head movement to the side. There was little effect of age and presbyopia on the study findings. In summary, the first study demonstrated no difference in visual symptoms when viewing a computer monitor for 2 hours at 33 vs. 100 cm distance. However, there was some evidence of persistent oculomotor effects at the 33 cm distance. The second study demonstrated the benefits of a larger font size and eliminating screen glare on productivity, upper body postures, and symptoms when performing visually intensive tasks. The benefits were similarly experienced by both the younger and older computer users. The non-neutral, forward leaning postures, observed in many computer users, are…

Subjects/Keywords: Occupational health; Environmental health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ko, P. (2012). Effects of Computer Display Design on Health and Productivity. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9sk3n1jm

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ko, Peiyi. “Effects of Computer Display Design on Health and Productivity.” 2012. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9sk3n1jm.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ko, Peiyi. “Effects of Computer Display Design on Health and Productivity.” 2012. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Ko P. Effects of Computer Display Design on Health and Productivity. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9sk3n1jm.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ko P. Effects of Computer Display Design on Health and Productivity. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2012. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9sk3n1jm

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Washington

30. Kimball, Stanley Jarman. Occupation and Computed Tomography Measurements of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Degree: 2014, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/26346

► Introduction Occupational exposures have been linked to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there are no studies reporting associations between occupation and… (more)

▼ Introduction Occupational exposures have been linked to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there are no studies reporting associations between occupation and computed tomography (CT) measures of COPD, such as airway wall thickness and lung density. Methods We analyzed data from a cross-sectional hospital and population-based study of current and past smokers conducted in Bergen, Norway between 2003 and 2005. 951 subjects completed an occupational questionnaire and underwent chest CTs to evaluate lung density (% low attenuation areas - %LAA950) and airway wall thickness (AWT) as a measure of chronic bronchitis. An industrial hygienist assigned a categorical dust exposure measure, 0 (none, n=444), 1 (low, n=308), 2 (medium, n=129) or 3 (high, n=50), based on job title and work type. We assessed the relationship between dust exposure and CT measures using multivariable regression, adjusting for age, sex, smoking and percent total lung capacity (airway obstruction-adjusted) as a measure of breath hold on CT. Results When compared to no dust exposure, the three dust exposure categories had a 20% (0.99%, 46%), 54% (18%, 102%), and 33% (0.92%, 93%) increase in geometric mean %LAA950, respectively, after adjusting for covariates. This suggests more emphysematous change in the dust exposure categories. When testing the association between dust exposure and AWT, the other COPD phenotype, the high dust category had a mean 0.092mm (.002, .181) greater AWT compared to no dust exposure, after adjusting for covariates. Conclusion Dust exposure, as defined by occupational title and work type, was associated with more areas of low lung density, reflecting more lung emphysema. Lack of power in the high dust category limited the ability to detect a statistically significant dose-response relationship through all levels of dust exposure. The association of high dust exposure with airway wall thickness suggests that there is an association with chronic bronchitis at high dust levels only. Future studies using a job exposure matrix may allow more precise exposure estimation and quantification of the associations with CT measures of COPD. Advisors/Committee Members: Vedal, Sverre (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Occupational health; Medicine; environmental health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Kimball, S. J. (2014). Occupation and Computed Tomography Measurements of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. (Thesis). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/26346

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kimball, Stanley Jarman. “Occupation and Computed Tomography Measurements of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.” 2014. Thesis, University of Washington. Accessed December 08, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/26346.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kimball, Stanley Jarman. “Occupation and Computed Tomography Measurements of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.” 2014. Web. 08 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Kimball SJ. Occupation and Computed Tomography Measurements of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/26346.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kimball SJ. Occupation and Computed Tomography Measurements of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/26346

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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