subject:(Energy conversion technologies)

You searched for subject:(Energy conversion technologies). Showing records 1 – 6 of 6 total matches.

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1. Lundqvist, Alexander. Future development of bioenergy in South Africa : A study of increased use of available biomass for the future development of renewable energy in South Africa.

Degree: Society and Engineering, 2020, Mälardalen University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48919

► The development of renewable energy has become increasingly important as countries strive to become less dependent on fossil-derived energy. Biomass accounts for a large… (more)

▼ The development of renewable energy has become increasingly important as countries strive to become less dependent on fossil-derived energy. Biomass accounts for a large part of energy derived from renewable energy sources in Africa. However, the biomass is used in primitive ways like cooking and heating, which is not at all effective at taking advantage of the biomass's true energy potential and contributes to premature death due to pollution. Scarce water supply and infrastructure built around an energy production from coal have hindered the development of bioenergy in South Africa. The Stated Policy scenario has developed energy targets for South Africa to reached by 2040 to streamline South Africa's use of available biomass. To find out if these goals can be achieved, data regarding biomass quantities for different biomass types have been collected to see how much biomass is available for energy production. Various types of technologies for converting biomass have been investigated to compare the efficiency of each technology and production costs to be able to analyze which technology is considered best for application in South Africa. Various scenarios have been developed where previous research and insights from interviews have been involved and influenced the type of technology used to convert the biomass and which end product is considered to have the highest potential. The different scenarios were modeled in Excel and then simulated in to optimize total production costs and energy production. The bioenergy produced has then been compared with the current energy production from fossil fuels to see how much can be replaced. The technologies that were considered to be applicable were combined heat and power together with hydroprocessing. These technologies contributed to efficient energy production and low production costs as well as lower transport costs. Due to drought and lack of water supply, the most optimal places for the implementation of this type of technology were in the northeastern parts of South Africa. These areas have better access to water and, therefore produces more biomass. Considering the current infrastructure in South Africa, transport by trucks was considered to be the most flexible choice of transport mode for transporting the biomass. With the available biomass and the selected technologies, bioenergy can replace up to 15% of the energy produced from coal in South Africa, and prices are competitive with today's electricity and fuel prices in South Africa. For this to happen, political support, public confidence, and investment are required. Increased bioenergy in South Africa would reduce dependence on energy from fossil fuels and also streamline the use of available renewable energy that would contribute to increased and safer energy supply. A more efficient use of bioenergy would also contribute with less premature deaths caused by primitive use of biomass, less emissions and a healthier environment.

Subjects/Keywords: Available biomass; Biomass; Bioenergy; Conversion technologies; South Africa; Energy Engineering; Energiteknik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lundqvist, A. (2020). Future development of bioenergy in South Africa : A study of increased use of available biomass for the future development of renewable energy in South Africa. (Thesis). Mälardalen University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48919

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lundqvist, Alexander. “Future development of bioenergy in South Africa : A study of increased use of available biomass for the future development of renewable energy in South Africa.” 2020. Thesis, Mälardalen University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48919.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vancouver:

Lundqvist A. Future development of bioenergy in South Africa : A study of increased use of available biomass for the future development of renewable energy in South Africa. [Internet] [Thesis]. Mälardalen University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48919.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lundqvist A. Future development of bioenergy in South Africa : A study of increased use of available biomass for the future development of renewable energy in South Africa. [Thesis]. Mälardalen University; 2020. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48919

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Central Queensland University

2. Begum, Sharmina. Assessment of alternative waste technologies for energy recovery from solid waste in Australia.

Degree: 2016, Central Queensland University

URL: http://hdl.cqu.edu.au/10018/1042666

► Solid waste can be considered either as a burden or as a valuable resource for energy generation. Therefore, identifying an environmentally sound and technoeconomically feasible… (more)

▼ Solid waste can be considered either as a burden or as a valuable resource for energy generation. Therefore, identifying an environmentally sound and technoeconomically feasible solid waste treatment is a global and local challenge. This study focuses on identifying an Alternative Waste Technology (AWT) for meeting this global and local demand. AWT recovers more resources from the waste flow and reduces the impact on the environment. There are three main pathways for converting solid waste into energy: thermo-chemical, biochemical and physicochemical. This study deals with thermochemical conversion processes. Mainly four thermo-chemical conversion processes of AWTs are commonly used in Australia: anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, gasification and incineration. The main aim of this study is to identify and test the most suitable AWT for use in Australia. A decision-making tool, Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA), was used to identify the most suitable AWT. MCA of the available AWTs was performed using five criteria, that is, capital cost, complexity, public acceptability, diversion from landfill and energy produced, from which Gasification technology has been identified as the most suitable AWT for energy recovery from solid waste. This study then mainly focused on assessing the performance of gasification technology for converting solid waste into energy both experimentally and numerically. Experimental investigation of solid waste gasification was performed using a pilotscale gasification plant of Corky’s Carbon and Combustion P/L plant in Mayfield, Australia. In this experiment, wood chips were used as feedstock (solid waste) under specified gasifier operating conditions. Syngas composition was measured at different stages of gasification, such as raw, scrubbed and dewatered syngas. Mass and energy balance was analysed using the experimental measured data. It was found that 65 per cent of the original energy of solid waste was converted to syngas, 23 per cent converted to char and 6 per cent converted to hot oil. The remaining 6 per cent was lost to the atmosphere. Firstly, a numerical investigation was performed by developing a computational process model using Advanced System for Process ENgineering (ASPEN) Plus software. Computational models were developed for both fixed bed gasification and fluidised bed gasification processes. A simplified, small scale fixed bed gasification model was initially developed in order to observe the performance of the solid waste gasification process. The model is validated with experimental data of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and food waste from the literature. Using this validated model, the effects of gasifier operating conditions, such as gasifier temperature, air-fuel ratio and steam-fuel ratio were examined and performance analyses were conducted for four different feedstocks, namely wood, coffee bean husks, green wastes and MSWs. Secondly, a computational model was developed for the fluidised bed gasification process. The model was validated with experimental data for wood…

Subjects/Keywords: Solid waste management; Alternative waste technology; Waste to energy; Gasification; 090703 Environmental Technologies; 091305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Begum, S. (2016). Assessment of alternative waste technologies for energy recovery from solid waste in Australia. (Thesis). Central Queensland University. Retrieved from http://hdl.cqu.edu.au/10018/1042666

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Begum, Sharmina. “Assessment of alternative waste technologies for energy recovery from solid waste in Australia.” 2016. Thesis, Central Queensland University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.cqu.edu.au/10018/1042666.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Begum, Sharmina. “Assessment of alternative waste technologies for energy recovery from solid waste in Australia.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Begum S. Assessment of alternative waste technologies for energy recovery from solid waste in Australia. [Internet] [Thesis]. Central Queensland University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.cqu.edu.au/10018/1042666.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Begum S. Assessment of alternative waste technologies for energy recovery from solid waste in Australia. [Thesis]. Central Queensland University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.cqu.edu.au/10018/1042666

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Central Queensland University

3. Moazzem, Shadia. Reduction of CO² emissions in coal-fired power plants for achieving a sustainable environment.

Degree: 2012, Central Queensland University

URL: http://hdl.cqu.edu.au/10018/938016

"This study analysed mineral carbonation technology with the aim of integrating it into an existing coal-fired power plant." – Abstract.

Subjects/Keywords: Global warming; Carbon capture and storage (CCS); Mineral carbonation process; Coal-fired power power plant; Energy recovery; 090703 Environmental Technologies; 091305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Moazzem, S. (2012). Reduction of CO² emissions in coal-fired power plants for achieving a sustainable environment. (Thesis). Central Queensland University. Retrieved from http://hdl.cqu.edu.au/10018/938016

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Moazzem, Shadia. “Reduction of CO² emissions in coal-fired power plants for achieving a sustainable environment.” 2012. Thesis, Central Queensland University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.cqu.edu.au/10018/938016.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Moazzem, Shadia. “Reduction of CO² emissions in coal-fired power plants for achieving a sustainable environment.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Moazzem S. Reduction of CO² emissions in coal-fired power plants for achieving a sustainable environment. [Internet] [Thesis]. Central Queensland University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.cqu.edu.au/10018/938016.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Moazzem S. Reduction of CO² emissions in coal-fired power plants for achieving a sustainable environment. [Thesis]. Central Queensland University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.cqu.edu.au/10018/938016

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

4. Florêncio, Marcelo. Proposta para inserção do estudo de energias renováveis na formação de técnicos no Estado de São Paulo.

Degree: 2018, Brazil

URL: http://biblioteca.ufabc.edu.br/index.php?codigo_sophia=111309

►

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Federico Bernardino Morante Trigoso

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Energia, Santo André, 2018.

A energia é… (more)

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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Federico Bernardino Morante Trigoso

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Energia, Santo André, 2018.

A energia é um fator primordial na sociedade moderna e, para atender o aumento da demanda de energia elétrica, tem-se um maior consumo de combustíveis fósseis, que ocasiona a redução das reservas naturais e causa um aumento da emissão de CO2. Investir em fontes renováveis é considerado um fator fundamental para reverter esta situação, e o Brasil possui grande potencial para aproveitar estes recursos. Muitos países já introduziram um componente curricular para desenvolver este conhecimento exigido pelas empresas do segmento. Entretanto, ainda não existe de forma efetiva a inserção do conhecimento de energias renováveis no ensino técnico, o que pode ser um fator limitador para o desenvolvimento deste mercado. Esta dissertação descreve algumas propostas para a difusão do conhecimento e desenvolvimento de habilidades de energia renovável na educação profissional técnica. No percurso da pesquisa foram realizadas: visitas técnicas, entrevistas com professores, um grupo focal de alunos e duas atividades extracurriculares de energia solar fotovoltaica e energia eólica com alunos de uma escola técnica na cidade de Santos. Os dados obtidos mostram que 92% dos alunos acreditam que é importante o aprendizado de energias renováveis no curso técnico e, a maior parte dos alunos, 96,67% aprovaram as atividades extracurriculares desenvolvidas. No resultado da pesquisa realizada com professores foi possível constatar que a maioria aprova a inserção de um componente curricular relativo ao desenvolvimento do conhecimento de energia renovável. Todavia, 80,43% dos professores acreditam que é necessário a realização de treinamentos específicos. Como parte das propostas foi elaborado um modelo de componente curricular denominado "Fundamentos do processo de conversão de energias renováveis", que pode ampliar o debate da inserção deste tema no ensino técnico e também contribuir para aumentar o número de pessoas interessadas em se especializar e desenvolver projetos relacionados as tecnologias de conversão de energia renovável. O percentual do consumo de eletricidade vai crescer mais que o percentual do aumento da população do pais, portanto é importante criar alternativas para atender este consumo de forma sustentável.

Energy is a key factor in modern society and to meet the increase in demand for electricity, there is a greater consumption of fossil fuels that reduces natural reserves and causes an increase in CO2 emissions. Investing in renewable sources is considered a fundamental factor to reverse this situation and Brazil has a great potential to take advantage of these resources. Many countries have already introduced a curricular component to develop this knowledge required by the follow-up companies. However, the insertion of renewable energy knowledge in technical education has not yet been effective implemented, which can be a limiting factor for the…

Advisors/Committee Members: Trigoso, Federico Bernardino Morante, Benedito, Ricardo da Silva, Gramulia Junior, Jacyro.

Subjects/Keywords: TECNOLOGIAS DE CONVERSÃO DE ENERGIA RENOVÁVEL; EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL TÉCNICA; DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL; RENEWABLE ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES; VOCATIONAL TECHNICAL EDUCATION; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENERGIA - UFABC

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Florêncio, M. (2018). Proposta para inserção do estudo de energias renováveis na formação de técnicos no Estado de São Paulo. (Masters Thesis). Brazil. Retrieved from http://biblioteca.ufabc.edu.br/index.php?codigo_sophia=111309

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Florêncio, Marcelo. “Proposta para inserção do estudo de energias renováveis na formação de técnicos no Estado de São Paulo.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Brazil. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://biblioteca.ufabc.edu.br/index.php?codigo_sophia=111309.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Florêncio, Marcelo. “Proposta para inserção do estudo de energias renováveis na formação de técnicos no Estado de São Paulo.” 2018. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Florêncio M. Proposta para inserção do estudo de energias renováveis na formação de técnicos no Estado de São Paulo. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Brazil; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://biblioteca.ufabc.edu.br/index.php?codigo_sophia=111309.

Council of Science Editors:

Florêncio M. Proposta para inserção do estudo de energias renováveis na formação de técnicos no Estado de São Paulo. [Masters Thesis]. Brazil; 2018. Available from: http://biblioteca.ufabc.edu.br/index.php?codigo_sophia=111309

5. Schoegl, Ingmar Michael. Superadiabatic combustion in counter-flow heat exchangers.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2009, University of Texas – Austin

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/10622

► Syngas, a combustible gaseous mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other species, is a promising fuel for efficient energy conversion technologies. Syngas is produced by… (more)

▼ Syngas, a combustible gaseous mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other species, is a promising fuel for efficient energy conversion technologies. Syngas is produced by breaking down a primary fuel into a hydrogen-rich mixture in a process called fuel reforming. The motivation for the utilization of syngas rather than the primary fuel is that syngas can be used in energy conversion technologies that offer higher conversion efficiencies, e.g. gas turbines and fuel cells. One approach for syngas production is partial oxidation, which is an oxygen starved combustion process that does not require a catalyst. Efficient conversion to syngas occurs at high levels of oxygen depletion, resulting in mixtures that are not flammable in conventional combustion applications. In non-catalytic partial oxidation, internal heat recirculation is used to increase the local reaction temperatures by transferring heat from the product stream to pre-heat the fuel/air mixture before reactions occur, thus increasing reaction rates and allowing for combustion outside the conventional flammability limits. As peak temperatures lie above the adiabatic equilibrium temperature predicted by thermodynamic calculations, the combustion regime used for non-catalytic fuel reforming is referred to as 'superadiabatic'. Counter-flow heat exchange is an effective way to transfer heat between adjacent channels and is used for a novel, heat-recirculating fuel reformer design. An analytical study predicts that combustion zone locations inside adjacent flow channels adjust to operating conditions, thus stabilizing the process for independent variations of flow velocities and mixture compositions. In experiments, a reactor prototype with four channels with alternating flow directions is developed and investigated. Tests with methane/air and propane/air mixtures validate the operating principle, and measurements of the resulting syngas compositions verify the feasibility of the concept for practical fuel-reformer applications. Results from a two-dimensional numerical study with detailed reaction chemistry are consistent with experimental observations. Details of the reaction zone reveal that reactions are initiated in the vicinity of the channel walls, resulting in "tulip"-shaped reaction layers. Overall, results confirm the viability of the non-catalytic reactor design for fuel reforming applications. Advisors/Committee Members: Ellzey, Janet L. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Syngas; Energy conversion technologies; Oxidation; Superadiabatic combustion; Counter-flow heat exchangers; Fuel reforming

…energy conversion technologies. Syngas is produced by breaking down a primary fuel into a… …syngas rather than the primary fuel is that syngas can be used in energy conversion… …technologies that offer higher conversion efficiencies, e.g. gas turbines and fuel cells. One… …Hydrogen conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 C.1.3 Total Energy… …conversion efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 C.1.4 Hydrogen Energy Conversion…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Schoegl, I. M. (2009). Superadiabatic combustion in counter-flow heat exchangers. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/10622

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schoegl, Ingmar Michael. “Superadiabatic combustion in counter-flow heat exchangers.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/10622.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schoegl, Ingmar Michael. “Superadiabatic combustion in counter-flow heat exchangers.” 2009. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Schoegl IM. Superadiabatic combustion in counter-flow heat exchangers. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2009. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/10622.

Council of Science Editors:

Schoegl IM. Superadiabatic combustion in counter-flow heat exchangers. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/10622

6. Loftus, Jonathan. Economic evaluation of burning bituminous and western PRB coals for power production based on select pollution control scenarios.

Degree: MS, 0231, 2012, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31010

► The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) finalized its Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) and Clean Air Visibility Rule emission regulations in 2005, to limit emissions… (more)

▼ The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) finalized its Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) and Clean Air Visibility Rule emission regulations in 2005, to limit emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter to the atmosphere. USEPA replaced CAIR with the Cross State Air Pollution Rule in August 2011. USEPA’s Clean Air Mercury Rule regulation was vacated by the D.C. Circuit Court in February of 2008; however, USEPA’s “National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants from Coal and Oil-Fired Electric Utility Steam Generating Units” proposed in March 2011 further limits emissions of mercury to the atmosphere. As a result of these regulations, this study used the Integrated Environmental Control Model (IECM) to investigate the economic competitiveness of burning select blends of Illinois high-sulfur bituminous and western low-sulfur Powder River Basin (PRB) coals at pulverized coal (PC) power plants while meeting the air emission limitations in these regulations. Since power plants are one of the biggest emission sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) – a main greenhouse gas – and thus a target for potential CO2 regulations, 90% CO2 capture from the flue gas using a monoethanolamine (MEA) absorption process was also evaluated within the IECM study. Most existing CO2 capture systems utilize absorption-based technology, though it is an energy intensive process. The solid adsorption method has potential to be competitive with the MEA absorption process, regarding energy conversion efficiency for a PC power plant. Therefore, a second part of this study investigated a process using limestone to remove 90% of the CO2 emissions at a PC power plant. Simulation of the limestone process was performed using ChemCAD, as a “proof-of-concept” study with the goal of estimating the best-case energy use of the process at a PC power plant. The IECM study showed that the most cost-effective case scenario for PC power plants without CO2 capture, at the 2007 market coal costs, is an Illinois mine-mouth coal for a 650 MWe (gross) plant (67.0/MWh) and a 70/30 PRB/Illinois coal blend for a 175 MWe (gross) plant (95.0/MWh). The Illinois mine-mouth coal is most cost-effective for the 650 MWe case due primarily to its lower coal cost compared to the other coal types. The lower coal cost helps compensate for the higher SO2 control cost for the Illinois mine-mouth coal compared to the other coal types. The 70/30 PRB/Illinois coal blend replaces the Illinois mine-mouth as most cost-effective when the plant size is reduced to 175 MWe – even though the Illinois mine-mouth coal still has a lower coal cost compared to the other coal types – for the following reason: the SO2 and PM control costs for the Illinois mine-mouth case have a higher contribution to plant cost of electricity at the 175 MWe plant than at the 650 MWe plant, whereas these control costs for the 70/30 PRB/Illinois coal blend have essentially the same contribution to plant cost at both plant sizes. The most cost-effective case scenario for PC plants… Advisors/Committee Members: Rood, Mark J. (advisor), Lu, Yongqi (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: sulfur dioxide; nitrogen oxides; particulate matter (PM); mercury; coal; emissions; regulations; Integrated Environmental Control Model (IECM); economic; bituminous; Powder River Basin (PRB); pulverized coal power plant; PC power plant; air emission limitation; carbon dioxide (CO2); greenhouse gas; carbon dioxide (CO2) regulations; carbon dioxide (CO2) capture; flue gas; monoethanolamine (MEA); absorption; solid adsorption; energy conversion efficiency; PC power plant; limestone; simulation; ChemCAD; energy use; cost-effective; coal cost; mine-mouth; coal blend; SO2 control; SO2 control cost; plant size; PM control; PM control cost; cost of electricity; carbon dioxide (CO2) control cost; carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions; auxiliary power use; limestone adsorption-desorption; Monoethanolamine (MEA) process; limestone process; carbon dioxide (CO2) compression; air separation unit (ASU); calcine; power loss; regeneration; carbonation reaction heat; high-temperature; recovered for producing steam used for additional electricity generation; net generation efficiency; managers of coal-fired power plants; cost-effective approach when burning select coals while simultaneously meeting stack emission regulations; law- and policy-makers; evaluate mining options; free-on-board mine costs; coal transportation costs; policy options concurrent with desired impacts on coal production and sales; assessing select CO2 control technologies regarding impact on energy conversion efficiency

…competitive with these technologies regarding energy conversion efficiency for the overall plant. A… …technologies. The International Energy Agency’s (IEA) DSM Program contains tools to achieve… …energy technologies, there are three main processes that may be employed to produce power from… …energy conversion efficiency. 17 2 METHODS 2.1 IECM Evaluation of COE IECM version 5.2.1… …4 Table 2 Current and future technologies for CO2 capture…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Loftus, J. (2012). Economic evaluation of burning bituminous and western PRB coals for power production based on select pollution control scenarios. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31010

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Loftus, Jonathan. “Economic evaluation of burning bituminous and western PRB coals for power production based on select pollution control scenarios.” 2012. Thesis, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31010.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Loftus, Jonathan. “Economic evaluation of burning bituminous and western PRB coals for power production based on select pollution control scenarios.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Loftus J. Economic evaluation of burning bituminous and western PRB coals for power production based on select pollution control scenarios. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31010.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Loftus J. Economic evaluation of burning bituminous and western PRB coals for power production based on select pollution control scenarios. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31010

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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