subject:(Energy Storage)

Texas A&M University

1. Jeon, Ju Won. Charge Storage in Organic Electrodes for Energy & Electrochemical Applications.

Degree: PhD, Chemical Engineering, 2014, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153935

► Energy storage has been emerging as an important research topic because of the lack of fossil fuels and growing energy consumption. This thesis focuses on… (more)

▼ Energy storage has been emerging as an important research topic because of the lack of fossil fuels and growing energy consumption. This thesis focuses on synthesis and characterization of electrode materials such as polyaniline, graphene, and nitrogen-doped porous carbon for use in energy storage applications. Polyaniline (PANI), a conjugated polymer, has been widely investigated as an electrode material for energy storage. In order to enhance its oxidative stability, polyaniline:poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) (PANI:PAAMPSA) complex was synthesized using template polymerization. PANI:PAAMPSA possessed significantly increased oxidative stability up to 4.5 V (vs. Li/Li+) due to electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions between PANI and PAAMPSA. This polyacid-doped PANI showed a reversible capacity of 230 mAh/gPANI for over 800 cycles. Three different polyaniline-based layer-by-layer (LbL) electrodes, PANI/PAAMPSA, PANI/PANI:PAAMPSA, and linear poly(ethylenimine)/PANI:PAAMPSA were fabricated and their charge storage natures were assessed in non-aqueous energy storage systems. PANI:PAAMPSA retained its oxidative stability within LbL electrodes. The PANI/PAAMPSA LbL electrode did not show enhanced oxidative stability as compared to PANI:PAAMPSA complexes, which indicates that the interactions between PANI and PAAMPSA are not as strong as in PANI:PAAMPSA complexes. Porous PANI nanofiber/graphene hybrid electrodes were prepared by electrochemical reduction of PANI nanofiber/graphene oxide (PANI NF/GO) LbL assemblies at 1.5 V (vs. Li/Li+). The limited processibility of reduced graphene oxide was circumvented by using GO to build up PANI NF/GO LbL films followed by electrochemical reduction. PANI NF/electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) LbL electrodes show high capacity and enhanced cycling stability. Its performance is strongly dependent on electrode thickness. Nitrogen-doped porous carbon was synthesized by one-step carbonization of isorecticular metal-organic frameworks (IRMOF-3). Porous IRMOF-3 itself acts as a self-sacrificial template to provide porous structure. Furthermore, additional carbon and nitrogen sources were not required. The nitrogen content can be easily controlled by varying carbonization temperature. Nitrogen-doped porous carbon possessed significantly higher capacitance due to additional pseudocapacitance originating from nitrogen as compared to analogous nitrogen-free porous carbons. Advisors/Committee Members: Lutkenhaus, Jodie L (advisor), Balbuena, Perla (committee member), Grunlan, Jamie (committee member), Wooley, Karen L (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Energy storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jeon, J. W. (2014). Charge Storage in Organic Electrodes for Energy & Electrochemical Applications. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153935

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jeon, Ju Won. “Charge Storage in Organic Electrodes for Energy & Electrochemical Applications.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153935.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jeon, Ju Won. “Charge Storage in Organic Electrodes for Energy & Electrochemical Applications.” 2014. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Jeon JW. Charge Storage in Organic Electrodes for Energy & Electrochemical Applications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153935.

Council of Science Editors:

Jeon JW. Charge Storage in Organic Electrodes for Energy & Electrochemical Applications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153935

Tampere University

2. Tuomola, Topias. Improving the use of renewable energy in Nykarleby .

Degree: 2021, Tampere University

URL: https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/124809

► This master’s thesis is concentrating on the state of renewable energy production in Nykarleby and what kind of plans have already been made to increase… (more)

▼ This master’s thesis is concentrating on the state of renewable energy production in Nykarleby and what kind of plans have already been made to increase the share of renewable energy production in the future. There are hydro power, wind power and biogas power plants already in the city and the number of wind power plants will increase in the next few years.The amount of wind power would increase from 7 MW to 370 MW. In addition to reviewing the current plans, the thesis gives an estimation of how much energy can be produced with solar power in Nykarleby. The amount of produced energy stays close to that of the most southern city of Finland, Hanko, when the power of the plant is taken into consideration. For the solar power plant there are two different business models. In the first one, there is one company which builds the plant and then sells it to the investor, who takes care of it for its 30 years of operation time. This is not profitable for the builder, because of the low estimation of the selling price. However, for the investor it would be good business, since the payback time for the investor is under 19 years. In the second model, one company takes care of the plant all the way from the building phase to the 30 years of operation time and gets the income from selling the electricity. With this model the payback time is under 22 years, so it is feasible for the company. The latter part of the thesis concentrates on how the energy storage system could be used alongside a wind power plant. Profitability calculations have been made for Björkbacken wind power plant, which is planned to be built in Nykarleby. Financial point of view concentrates on the first 10 years of operation, during which there usually is a contract, stating that the plant must produce a specific amount of energy every hour. The deficit must be compensated by energy purchases from the market. Then there is another company, which buys the amount of energy stated in the contract at fixed price. The need to buy energy is reduced from 37 % of annual hours to 24-36 % when the energy storage is taken into use. The reduction depends on the capacity of the storage and how much energy must be produced according to the contract. Today the price for the contract could be 3.1 c/kWh and with that price the savings from the decreased amount of electricity that must be bought will not cover the investment costs of the storage. For profitable investment the price of the contract should be at least 3.3 c/kWh. In addition to the energy storage setup described above, another option could be a power-to-gas system, which could produce hydrogen out of water. Hydrogen could be used in the biogas plant, which is located right next to the wind farm, and they could use the hydrogen with carbon dioxide to produce methane. If 20 % of the energy produced by the wind farm would be used for hydrogen production, it would cover 95 % of the maximum hydrogen need of the biogas plant. Surplus hydrogen could be used as fuel for passenger cars, he popularity of which will…

Subjects/Keywords: energy storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tuomola, T. (2021). Improving the use of renewable energy in Nykarleby . (Masters Thesis). Tampere University. Retrieved from https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/124809

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tuomola, Topias. “Improving the use of renewable energy in Nykarleby .” 2021. Masters Thesis, Tampere University. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/124809.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tuomola, Topias. “Improving the use of renewable energy in Nykarleby .” 2021. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Tuomola T. Improving the use of renewable energy in Nykarleby . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Tampere University; 2021. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/124809.

Council of Science Editors:

Tuomola T. Improving the use of renewable energy in Nykarleby . [Masters Thesis]. Tampere University; 2021. Available from: https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/124809

Ryerson University

3. Liu, Rongqiang. Sensorless speed estimation for long term flywheel energy storage system in standby mode.:.

Degree: 2014, Ryerson University

URL: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A2665

► A novel technique for sensorless speed estimation is presented in this thesis for squirrel cage induction machine (SCIM) drived long-term flywheel energy storage system (FESS)… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Energy storage.; Energy storage. – -; Flywheels.; Flywheels. – -

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liu, R. (2014). Sensorless speed estimation for long term flywheel energy storage system in standby mode.:. (Thesis). Ryerson University. Retrieved from https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A2665

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liu, Rongqiang. “Sensorless speed estimation for long term flywheel energy storage system in standby mode.:.” 2014. Thesis, Ryerson University. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A2665.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liu, Rongqiang. “Sensorless speed estimation for long term flywheel energy storage system in standby mode.:.” 2014. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Liu R. Sensorless speed estimation for long term flywheel energy storage system in standby mode.:. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A2665.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Liu R. Sensorless speed estimation for long term flywheel energy storage system in standby mode.:. [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2014. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A2665

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Ryerson University

4. Syed, Irtaza Mohammad. Predictive energy management and control for renewable energy plus battery energy storage systems.

Degree: 2016, Ryerson University

URL: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A5817

► Renewable energy (RE) is one of the solutions to rising energy demands and growing environmental concerns. However, due to the intrinsic intermittency of RE resources,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Renewable energy sources; Storage batteries; Energy storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Syed, I. M. (2016). Predictive energy management and control for renewable energy plus battery energy storage systems. (Thesis). Ryerson University. Retrieved from https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A5817

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Syed, Irtaza Mohammad. “Predictive energy management and control for renewable energy plus battery energy storage systems.” 2016. Thesis, Ryerson University. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A5817.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Syed, Irtaza Mohammad. “Predictive energy management and control for renewable energy plus battery energy storage systems.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Syed IM. Predictive energy management and control for renewable energy plus battery energy storage systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A5817.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Syed IM. Predictive energy management and control for renewable energy plus battery energy storage systems. [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2016. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A5817

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Uppsala University

5. Östergård, Rickard. Flywheel energy storage : a conceptucal study.

Degree: Electricity, 2011, Uppsala University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-164500

► This master thesis was provided by ABB Cooperate Research in Västerås. This study has two major purposes: (1) to identify the characteristics of a… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Energy storage; Smart Grid; Flywheel energy storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Östergård, R. (2011). Flywheel energy storage : a conceptucal study. (Thesis). Uppsala University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-164500

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Östergård, Rickard. “Flywheel energy storage : a conceptucal study.” 2011. Thesis, Uppsala University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-164500.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Östergård, Rickard. “Flywheel energy storage : a conceptucal study.” 2011. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Östergård R. Flywheel energy storage : a conceptucal study. [Internet] [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-164500.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Östergård R. Flywheel energy storage : a conceptucal study. [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2011. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-164500

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Waterloo

6. Huang, Shucheng. A New Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage System: Modeling, Design, Optimization, and Experiments.

Degree: 2020, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/16211

► Wind farms and solar farms often face challenges in delivering consistent power output during peak demand due to the inconsistency of wind and solar resources.… (more)

▼ Wind farms and solar farms often face challenges in delivering consistent power output during peak demand due to the inconsistency of wind and solar resources. An adiabatic compressed air energy storage (ACAES) system based on the novel compression strategy is proposed to store and release energy when needed to reduce CO2 emission. Compared to existing ACAES system designs, the main potential advantages of the proposed system are the reduced cost, space, and simplicity. A prototype, originally developed for the air hybrid engine project at the University of Waterloo, was adopted for this project. Mathematical models were developed for the system under air compression (AC) and air motor (AM) mode. Simulations ran in GT-Suite yielded consistent results with mathematical models'. The previous prototype was thoroughly tested and evaluated. Design issues were addressed, and changes were incorporated into the new prototype design. The new experimental system models were developed in GT-Suite and evaluated through experimental analysis. The ACAES system with a separate thermal energy storage (TES) was detailed. Specifically, a low-temperature ACAES was selected for practical reasons, and water was chosen as the heat transfer medium (HTM). Simulation results confirmed the TES system's ability to maintain high pressure (HP) tank temperature of 150 deg C. A mean value model was developed to predict engine brake power, and a throttle controller was used to regulate the engine brake power during the air expansion process. Considering operational safety constraints and feasibility, system components were analyzed and optimized to improve the ACAES system roundtrip efficiency. Additionally, the genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize the valve timing, and simulation results showed that the optimized valve timing could improve the engine brake power by 13.38%. A comparison study was presented to analyze the roundtrip efficiency of the optimized ACAES system over the baseline system. It was observed that the AC/AM mode efficiency was improved by 108% and 70.3%, respectively.

Subjects/Keywords: adiabatic compressed air energy storage; energy storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Huang, S. (2020). A New Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage System: Modeling, Design, Optimization, and Experiments. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/16211

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Huang, Shucheng. “A New Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage System: Modeling, Design, Optimization, and Experiments.” 2020. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/16211.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Huang, Shucheng. “A New Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage System: Modeling, Design, Optimization, and Experiments.” 2020. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Huang S. A New Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage System: Modeling, Design, Optimization, and Experiments. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/16211.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Huang S. A New Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage System: Modeling, Design, Optimization, and Experiments. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/16211

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

McMaster University

7. Milne, Jordan. SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING TECHNIQUES OF ADVANCED ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR SUPERCAPACITOR APPLICATIONS.

Degree: MASc, 2019, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/24258

►

In a world that relies heavily on electricity and portable energy, the development of high performing energy storage devices is crucial. The ongoing push for… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Supercapacitors; Energy Storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Milne, J. (2019). SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING TECHNIQUES OF ADVANCED ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR SUPERCAPACITOR APPLICATIONS. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/24258

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Milne, Jordan. “SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING TECHNIQUES OF ADVANCED ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR SUPERCAPACITOR APPLICATIONS.” 2019. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/24258.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Milne, Jordan. “SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING TECHNIQUES OF ADVANCED ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR SUPERCAPACITOR APPLICATIONS.” 2019. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Milne J. SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING TECHNIQUES OF ADVANCED ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR SUPERCAPACITOR APPLICATIONS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/24258.

Council of Science Editors:

Milne J. SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING TECHNIQUES OF ADVANCED ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR SUPERCAPACITOR APPLICATIONS. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/24258

Victoria University of Wellington

8. Devese, Sam. Use of a zeolite slurry to increase the charge retention of a low-cost aqueous supercapacitor.

Degree: 2019, Victoria University of Wellington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/8174

► To increase the viability of renewable energy technology, improvements must be made to existing energy storage devices. One such device is the supercapacitor, which is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Energy; Storage; Supercapacitor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Devese, S. (2019). Use of a zeolite slurry to increase the charge retention of a low-cost aqueous supercapacitor. (Masters Thesis). Victoria University of Wellington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10063/8174

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Devese, Sam. “Use of a zeolite slurry to increase the charge retention of a low-cost aqueous supercapacitor.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Victoria University of Wellington. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/8174.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Devese, Sam. “Use of a zeolite slurry to increase the charge retention of a low-cost aqueous supercapacitor.” 2019. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Devese S. Use of a zeolite slurry to increase the charge retention of a low-cost aqueous supercapacitor. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/8174.

Council of Science Editors:

Devese S. Use of a zeolite slurry to increase the charge retention of a low-cost aqueous supercapacitor. [Masters Thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/8174

University of Cambridge

9. McTigue, Joshua. Analysis and optimisation of thermal energy storage.

Degree: PhD, 2016, University of Cambridge

URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/263019https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/263019/3/McTigue-2016-PhD.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/263019/4/McTigue-2016-PhD.pdf.jpg

► The focus of this project is the storage of thermal energy in packed beds for bulk electricity storage applications. Packed beds are composed of pebbles… (more)

▼ The focus of this project is the storage of thermal energy in packed beds for bulk electricity storage applications. Packed beds are composed of pebbles through which a heat transfer fluid passes, and a thermodynamic model of the heat transfer processes within the store is described. The packed beds are investigated using second law analysis which reveals trade-offs between several heat transfer processes and the importance of various design parameters. Parametric studies of the reservoir behaviour informs the design process and leads to a set of design guidelines. Two innovative design features are proposed and investigated. These features are segmented packed beds and radial-flow packed beds respectively. Thermal reservoirs are an integral component in a storage system known as Pumped Thermal Energy Storage (PTES). To charge, PTES uses a heat pump to create a difference in internal energy between two thermal stores; one hot and one cold. The cycle reverses during discharge with PTES operating as a heat engine. The heat pumps/engines require compression and expansion devices, for which simple models are described and are integrated with the packed bed models. The PTES system behaviour is investigated with parametric studies, and alternative design configurations are explored. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to undertake thermo-economic optimisations of packed-bed thermal reservoirs and PTES systems. The algorithm generates a set of optimal designs that illustrate the trade-off between capital cost and round-trip efficiency. Segmentation is found to be particularly beneficial in cold stores, and can add up to 1% to the round-trip efficiency of a PTES system. On the basis of the assumptions made, PTES can achieve efficiencies and energy densities comparable with other bulk electricity storage systems. However, the round-trip efficiency is very sensitive to the efficiency of the compression–expansion system. For designs that utilised bespoke reciprocating compressors and expanders, PTES might be expected to achieve electricity-to-electricity efficiencies of 64%. However, using compression and expansion efficiencies typical of off-theshelf devices the round-trip efficiency is around 45%.

Subjects/Keywords: thermal energy storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

McTigue, J. (2016). Analysis and optimisation of thermal energy storage. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/263019https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/263019/3/McTigue-2016-PhD.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/263019/4/McTigue-2016-PhD.pdf.jpg

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McTigue, Joshua. “Analysis and optimisation of thermal energy storage.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/263019https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/263019/3/McTigue-2016-PhD.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/263019/4/McTigue-2016-PhD.pdf.jpg.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McTigue, Joshua. “Analysis and optimisation of thermal energy storage.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

McTigue J. Analysis and optimisation of thermal energy storage. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/263019https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/263019/3/McTigue-2016-PhD.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/263019/4/McTigue-2016-PhD.pdf.jpg.

Council of Science Editors:

McTigue J. Analysis and optimisation of thermal energy storage. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2016. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/263019https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/263019/3/McTigue-2016-PhD.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/263019/4/McTigue-2016-PhD.pdf.jpg

UCLA

10. Zhong, Xing. In the Investigation of New Materials/Structures and Their Applications in Energy Storage/Conversion Systems.

Degree: Chemistry, 2014, UCLA

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/333438bm

► As the need for energy is increasing fast these days, it is imperative to develop new and reliable energy conversion and storage technology strategies that… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry; Energy conversion; Energy Storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zhong, X. (2014). In the Investigation of New Materials/Structures and Their Applications in Energy Storage/Conversion Systems. (Thesis). UCLA. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/333438bm

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhong, Xing. “In the Investigation of New Materials/Structures and Their Applications in Energy Storage/Conversion Systems.” 2014. Thesis, UCLA. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/333438bm.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhong, Xing. “In the Investigation of New Materials/Structures and Their Applications in Energy Storage/Conversion Systems.” 2014. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhong X. In the Investigation of New Materials/Structures and Their Applications in Energy Storage/Conversion Systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. UCLA; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/333438bm.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zhong X. In the Investigation of New Materials/Structures and Their Applications in Energy Storage/Conversion Systems. [Thesis]. UCLA; 2014. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/333438bm

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Penn State University

11. Zhou, Yue. High Performance Ionic Capacitive Energy Storage and Harvesting Devices.

Degree: 2015, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/27156

► Due to the deep concerns of environmental issues and the consumption of fossil fuels, such as petroleum, natural gas and coal, as well as the… (more)

▼ Due to the deep concerns of environmental issues and the consumption of fossil fuels, such as petroleum, natural gas and coal, as well as the accelerated greenhouse effect, the renewable energy sources e.g., wind, solar and hydroelectricity have attracted enormous interests. The large fluctuations of these renewable energy sources in power output have brought the vigorous development of the area of energy storage system. Supercapacitors, which bridge the gap of power and energy between batteries and dielectric capacitors, have developed fast in the last decades among these energy storage devices. Although batteries can store a large quantity of energy, they release energy in a slow rate, resulting in a very low power density with a limited lifetime. On the other hand, dielectric capacitors can be charged and discharged at high rate and hence possess very high power density, but their energy density is low. With relatively high power, mid-high energy density and long cycle lifetime, supercapacitors are attractive for many applications, such as in grid scale renewable energy storage and in hybrid electric vehicles where high energy, high power and reasonable lifetime are all required. However, the current commercial supercapacitor product still suffers from the low energy density (less than 10 Wh/kg) and low power density (1 kW/kg). Hence, it is highly desired to further improve electrochemcial performance of supercapacitors cells for the advanced and wide applications. In this dissertation, different supercapacitor cells are introduced to improve the performance by several strategies such as controlling the nanomorphology of electrodes and optimizing the cell configuration. The tortuous ion transport pathways formed in activated carbon, which is widely used as electrodes in the current commerical products, have influenced the power denisty of the cell. To overcome this drawback, the aligned carbon nanotubes (A-CNTs) were investigated in this dissetation due to the superior electrical conductivity and parallel ion pathways of electrodes. Meanwhile, to achieve high volumetric energy and power densities of the cells, a unique mechanical densification method was developed to allow the density of A-CNTs to be tuned precisely over a broad range from 1% volume fraction (Vf) to 40% Vf while preserving the straight ion pathway between A-CNTs. As a result, the supercapacitors fabricated from 40% volumetric fraction (Vf) of A-CNTs as the electrodes with the thickness of 0.8 mm exhibit a power density of 25 kW L-1 (50 kW kg-1), which is much higher than that of the A-CNTs electrodes with similar thickness fabricated by other methods and that of activated carbon electrodes. Pseudocapacitive materials, such as conducitng polymers and transition metal oxides, can be incorporated into the electrode to increase the specific capacitance because the whole bulk (not only the surface for pure carbon electrode) of pseudocapacitive material has involved the electrochemical energy storage. Poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was studied as… Advisors/Committee Members: Qiming Zhang, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Qiming Zhang, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Shizhuo Yin, Committee Member, Noel Christopher Giebink, Committee Member, Qing Wang, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: Energy storage; Energy harvesting; supercapacitor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zhou, Y. (2015). High Performance Ionic Capacitive Energy Storage and Harvesting Devices. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/27156

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhou, Yue. “High Performance Ionic Capacitive Energy Storage and Harvesting Devices.” 2015. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/27156.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhou, Yue. “High Performance Ionic Capacitive Energy Storage and Harvesting Devices.” 2015. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhou Y. High Performance Ionic Capacitive Energy Storage and Harvesting Devices. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/27156.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zhou Y. High Performance Ionic Capacitive Energy Storage and Harvesting Devices. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2015. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/27156

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

12. Schweitz, Anders. The potential of grid energy storage: a case study of the Nordic countries and Germany.

Degree: Energy Systems and Building Technology, 2019, University of Gävle

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30465

► The increasing share of renewable electricity will make energy storage technologies indispensable in the future. In this study, the potential of grid energy storage… (more)

▼ The increasing share of renewable electricity will make energy storage technologies indispensable in the future. In this study, the potential of grid energy storage technologies is discussed, focusing on the Nordic countries as well as Germany. It is challenging to balance the intermittency of wind power and solar power production in the energy system. In Norway and Sweden, and to some extent Finland, hydropower is a very important balancing resource. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is a technology that has not had a real breakthrough yet. There are ongoing projects at different locations where one of the targets is to achieve better round-trip efficiency by taking care of the heat generated at compression. Pumped hydroelectric storage (PHS) has advantages in being cost-efficient and has a high round-trip efficiency. There is probably a high theoretical potential of new generating capacity in Norway and Sweden, but the electricity cost does not vary enough for new developments to be profitable at the moment. The environmental and social impact of PHS plants is an important and difficult aspect to handle. Power-to-gas, power-to-power and hydrogen storage has been getting more attention recently but needs more research to increase the round-trip efficiency and to reduce the costs of electrolysers, storage and fuel cells. Batteries can be well suited as a minute reserve or for peak shaving but are currently not cost-efficient for long-time storage. With lower prices and the possibility of using more abundant metals with less environmental and social impact batteries could play a larger role in electric grids. There might be possibilities of integrating batteries in electric vehicles with power systems as well.To speed up the development of energy storage technologies, governmental subsidies might be necessary. In the future, a larger variation in electricity cost can be expected during different times of the day and the year, which will make energy storage facilities more profitable.

Subjects/Keywords: energy storage; Energy Engineering; Energiteknik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Schweitz, A. (2019). The potential of grid energy storage: a case study of the Nordic countries and Germany. (Thesis). University of Gävle. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30465

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schweitz, Anders. “The potential of grid energy storage: a case study of the Nordic countries and Germany.” 2019. Thesis, University of Gävle. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30465.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schweitz, Anders. “The potential of grid energy storage: a case study of the Nordic countries and Germany.” 2019. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Schweitz A. The potential of grid energy storage: a case study of the Nordic countries and Germany. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Gävle; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30465.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Schweitz A. The potential of grid energy storage: a case study of the Nordic countries and Germany. [Thesis]. University of Gävle; 2019. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30465

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Arizona State University

13. Whitcraft, Daniel Scott. Implementing Load Shifting Using Thermal Energy Ice Storage.

Degree: Construction, 2016, Arizona State University

URL: http://repository.asu.edu/items/40351

► For decades, load shifting control, one of the most effective peak demand management methods, has attracted attention from both researchers and engineers. Various load shifting… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Sustainability; Energy; Thermal Energy Storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Whitcraft, D. S. (2016). Implementing Load Shifting Using Thermal Energy Ice Storage. (Masters Thesis). Arizona State University. Retrieved from http://repository.asu.edu/items/40351

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Whitcraft, Daniel Scott. “Implementing Load Shifting Using Thermal Energy Ice Storage.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Arizona State University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://repository.asu.edu/items/40351.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Whitcraft, Daniel Scott. “Implementing Load Shifting Using Thermal Energy Ice Storage.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Whitcraft DS. Implementing Load Shifting Using Thermal Energy Ice Storage. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Arizona State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://repository.asu.edu/items/40351.

Council of Science Editors:

Whitcraft DS. Implementing Load Shifting Using Thermal Energy Ice Storage. [Masters Thesis]. Arizona State University; 2016. Available from: http://repository.asu.edu/items/40351

Texas A&M University

14. Abu-Elrub, Ahmad Mohammad Amin. Planning of a Hybrid Energy System Connected to a Distribution System.

Degree: PhD, Electrical Engineering, 2016, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/158597

► Global warming and excessive use of depletable energy resources are considered as some of the most serious problems that need to be solved. As a… (more)

▼ Global warming and excessive use of depletable energy resources are considered as some of the most serious problems that need to be solved. As a response, renewable energy sources (RES) have been gaining an increasing importance in recent years. The electrical power generated from RES tends to be fluctuating due to intermittency of wind speed and solar radiation which may result in frequency and voltage deviations in the grid as well as loss of the capacity to serve the load. Distributed generation of wind-photovoltaic hybrid systems connected to energy storage (ES) is proposed to overcome the variability of RES. However, the high cost of the equipment for such systems is also a challenge. In this dissertation, planning of a hybrid wind-photovoltaic energy system combined with ES connected to a distribution system is described. The planning procedure is done in two different configurations. In the first one, the objective is to find optimal ES size for a wind farm. The objective function measures the economic benefit gained from selling of the dispatched power to the grid against the cost of ES. The result of the optimization gives the optimal size of ES. A probability distribution function (pdf) is created to represent the optimal size of ES for the planning horizon and then a case study for one year is conducted to illustrate the proposed method. For the second configuration, optimization techniques which use linear programming, two stage stochastic programming and scenario aggregation are deployed in order to find the optimal plan for the hybrid energy system. The proposed procedure uses historical wind speed, solar radiation, energy market price, and load data to determine the system design. The objective function measures the total annual cost of the proposed system. The results of the optimization procedure give the optimal size for wind farm, solar farm, and ES needed to meet the load requirements, minimize the annual cost, and consider system uncertainties and system reliability. Advisors/Committee Members: Singh, Chanan (advisor), Xie, Le (committee member), Kish, Laszlo (committee member), Butenko, Sergiy (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: hybrid energy system; energy storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Abu-Elrub, A. M. A. (2016). Planning of a Hybrid Energy System Connected to a Distribution System. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/158597

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Abu-Elrub, Ahmad Mohammad Amin. “Planning of a Hybrid Energy System Connected to a Distribution System.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/158597.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Abu-Elrub, Ahmad Mohammad Amin. “Planning of a Hybrid Energy System Connected to a Distribution System.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Abu-Elrub AMA. Planning of a Hybrid Energy System Connected to a Distribution System. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/158597.

Council of Science Editors:

Abu-Elrub AMA. Planning of a Hybrid Energy System Connected to a Distribution System. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/158597

Delft University of Technology

15. Hendriks, M. (author). Local Hydroelectric Energy Storage: A feasibility study about a small scale energy storage system combining hydropower, gravity power, spring power and air pressure.

Degree: 2016, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2abe6274-dcb4-4811-b344-0caa182cce09

►

Renewable energy sources, like wind- and solar power, are expected to generate a greater part of the electricity production in the Netherlands each upcoming year.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: LHES; energy storage; local energy storage; hydro storage; hydroelectric energy storage; electricity storage; electricity; storage; hydro; hydroelectric; local; energy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hendriks, M. (. (2016). Local Hydroelectric Energy Storage: A feasibility study about a small scale energy storage system combining hydropower, gravity power, spring power and air pressure. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2abe6274-dcb4-4811-b344-0caa182cce09

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hendriks, M (author). “Local Hydroelectric Energy Storage: A feasibility study about a small scale energy storage system combining hydropower, gravity power, spring power and air pressure.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2abe6274-dcb4-4811-b344-0caa182cce09.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hendriks, M (author). “Local Hydroelectric Energy Storage: A feasibility study about a small scale energy storage system combining hydropower, gravity power, spring power and air pressure.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hendriks M(. Local Hydroelectric Energy Storage: A feasibility study about a small scale energy storage system combining hydropower, gravity power, spring power and air pressure. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2abe6274-dcb4-4811-b344-0caa182cce09.

Council of Science Editors:

Hendriks M(. Local Hydroelectric Energy Storage: A feasibility study about a small scale energy storage system combining hydropower, gravity power, spring power and air pressure. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2016. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2abe6274-dcb4-4811-b344-0caa182cce09

University of Waterloo

16. Kakodkar, Siddharth Atul. Extensible Modeling of Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems.

Degree: 2018, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13858

► There is a growing number of renewable energy sources that can supply power to the electrical grid. These renewable sources of energy are intermittent in… (more)

▼ There is a growing number of renewable energy sources that can supply power to the electrical grid. These renewable sources of energy are intermittent in nature and therefore the transition from using fossil fuels to green renewables requires the use of energy storage technologies to maintain and regulate a reliable supply of electricity. Energy storage technologies play a key role in allowing energy providers to provide a steady supply of electricity by balancing the fluctuations caused by sources of renewable energy. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is a promising utility scale energy storage technology that is suitable for long-duration energy storage and can be used to integrate renewable energy (such as Wind energy) to the electrical grid. CAES technologies can be broadly classified into 3 types: Diabatic-CAES (D-CAES), Adiabatic-CAES (A-CAES) and Isothermal-CAES (I-CAES). The author first performs a review on the different types of energy storage available today and a literature review on of CAES system level models, Turbomachinery models, and cavern models. After the gaps in literature are identified, the author then develops a flexible and extensible model of an A-CAES system, which can be used a CAES plant designer to obtain a first order thermodynamic evaluation of a particular plant configuration. The developed model is scalable, modular and can be connected to a control strategy. The model is able to capture time dependent losses and part load behavior of turbomachinery. The modeling methodology is focused around keeping the model extensible, i.e. components and their fidelity can be easily altered for the model’s future growth. The components modeled are the compressor, the turbine, the induction motor, the generator, and a thermal energy storage device to the make the CAES plant adiabatic. The model is created using the Matlab/Simulink® software, which is commonly used tool for modeling. The A-CAES plant model was simulated for 23.3 hours comprising of 12.47 hours of charging using a mass flow rate of 107.5 kg/s, 8 hours of storage and 2.83 hours of discharge using a mass flow rate of 400 kg/s. The maximum and minimum cavern pressures were 72 bar and 42 bar respectively. The obtained round trip efficiency is 76.24%. Additionally, the turbine start-up time was found to be 760 seconds. The compressor train average efficiency was calculated as 70%, the expansion train average efficiency was calculated as 81% and the TES efficiency was calculated as 91%. The models simulated the behavior of an A-CAES plant accurately with the compressor and turbine showing a close resemblance to their performance maps. The results indicate that Adiabatic-CAES is a promising and emerging technology. However, further research and development is required beyond this thesis; specifically, in the area of thermal energy storage and management. Finally, the author makes recommendations on how to further improve upon the achieved objectives in this work.

Subjects/Keywords: Compressed Air Energy Storage; Grid storage; Energy storage; Renewable energy; Sustainable energy; Cavern; Turbomachinery

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kakodkar, S. A. (2018). Extensible Modeling of Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13858

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kakodkar, Siddharth Atul. “Extensible Modeling of Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems.” 2018. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13858.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kakodkar, Siddharth Atul. “Extensible Modeling of Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems.” 2018. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Kakodkar SA. Extensible Modeling of Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13858.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kakodkar SA. Extensible Modeling of Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13858

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

California State University – Sacramento

17. Lausterer, Maria Loise Lani. Optimizing a flywheel for residential use in Sacramento.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2020, California State University – Sacramento

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/217474

► Renewable energy technology such as solar energy has variable outputs. Examples of variable outputs are situations where there is cloud coverage or there is not… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Renewable energy; Energy storage system; Kinetic energy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lausterer, M. L. L. (2020). Optimizing a flywheel for residential use in Sacramento. (Masters Thesis). California State University – Sacramento. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/217474

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lausterer, Maria Loise Lani. “Optimizing a flywheel for residential use in Sacramento.” 2020. Masters Thesis, California State University – Sacramento. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/217474.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lausterer, Maria Loise Lani. “Optimizing a flywheel for residential use in Sacramento.” 2020. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lausterer MLL. Optimizing a flywheel for residential use in Sacramento. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. California State University – Sacramento; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/217474.

Council of Science Editors:

Lausterer MLL. Optimizing a flywheel for residential use in Sacramento. [Masters Thesis]. California State University – Sacramento; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/217474

Delft University of Technology

18. Pollux, Jerry (author). Hydrogen as seasonal energy storage for Floriade: The implications of hydrogen in the built environment as part of an energy system.

Degree: 2019, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91bbfde6-077c-41a2-95d3-5f06e46f77d7

►

Hydrogen is known for a variety of applications and is often associated with The Energy Transition. This thesis aims to explore the possibilities of applying… (more)

▼

Hydrogen is known for a variety of applications and is often associated with The Energy Transition. This thesis aims to explore the possibilities of applying hydrogen as a seasonal buffer of renewable energy. The research is applied to the case study Floriade, which is a neighborhood currently under development and set to be completed in 2022. The research consists of four parts, each of which contributes the integral design of an energy system that incorporates hydrogen as a seasonal buffer. The first part focusses on the design of the energy system and the elements that are part of an energy system. Multiple energy system designs, including systems without hydrogen incorporated are evaluated. A multiple criteria analysis is undertaken in order to come to a design with an optimal configuration of elements. The system layout and components are dependent on the energy demand and the production potential of the neighborhood. The energy demand and the production capacity is calculated with an energy model, which is described in the second part of the research. Multiple software packages are used to calculate and validate data necessary for the research. The consumption and production data are used to make up the balance of energy consumption and production. The energy balance is used to calculate the efficiency of the energy system. The efficiency determines the feasibility in terms of energy losses and gains. This is described in the third part of the thesis. The overall system efficiency are calculated and the added value of storing renewable energy as hydrogen is evaluated. To minimize energy losses by means of transport all system components for making and storing hydrogen are located in one building in a central location. The final part of the thesis describes the design of this energy hub. The design of the building is based on safety measures that should be taken into account when introducing hydrogen in the built environment. The research results in the design of an energy system in which hydrogen is applied as a season buffer for renewable energy. The aspects of both energy system design as well as the application of hydrogen in de built environment are evaluated to draw conclusions on the opportunities and challenges of applying hydrogen as a seasonal buffer.

Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Building Technology

Advisors/Committee Members: van den Dobbelsteen, A.A.J.F. (mentor), Klein, T. (graduation committee), Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution).

Subjects/Keywords: Hydrogen; Energy storage; Energy transition; Energy system

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pollux, J. (. (2019). Hydrogen as seasonal energy storage for Floriade: The implications of hydrogen in the built environment as part of an energy system. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91bbfde6-077c-41a2-95d3-5f06e46f77d7

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pollux, Jerry (author). “Hydrogen as seasonal energy storage for Floriade: The implications of hydrogen in the built environment as part of an energy system.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91bbfde6-077c-41a2-95d3-5f06e46f77d7.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pollux, Jerry (author). “Hydrogen as seasonal energy storage for Floriade: The implications of hydrogen in the built environment as part of an energy system.” 2019. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Pollux J(. Hydrogen as seasonal energy storage for Floriade: The implications of hydrogen in the built environment as part of an energy system. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91bbfde6-077c-41a2-95d3-5f06e46f77d7.

Council of Science Editors:

Pollux J(. Hydrogen as seasonal energy storage for Floriade: The implications of hydrogen in the built environment as part of an energy system. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2019. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91bbfde6-077c-41a2-95d3-5f06e46f77d7

Delft University of Technology

19. Hofman, Dick (author). Energy storage for decentralized renewable energy generation to mitigate connection scarcity on the MV-grid.

Degree: 2020, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:de2e2daa-067c-4077-b110-87133d53584a

► The goal of this research is to be used as a framework for adding energy storage to aid in the connection of decentralized renewable energy… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Energy Storage; Decentralized Energy Systems; Connection scarcity; Energy Storage Devices

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hofman, D. (. (2020). Energy storage for decentralized renewable energy generation to mitigate connection scarcity on the MV-grid. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:de2e2daa-067c-4077-b110-87133d53584a

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hofman, Dick (author). “Energy storage for decentralized renewable energy generation to mitigate connection scarcity on the MV-grid.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:de2e2daa-067c-4077-b110-87133d53584a.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hofman, Dick (author). “Energy storage for decentralized renewable energy generation to mitigate connection scarcity on the MV-grid.” 2020. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hofman D(. Energy storage for decentralized renewable energy generation to mitigate connection scarcity on the MV-grid. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:de2e2daa-067c-4077-b110-87133d53584a.

Council of Science Editors:

Hofman D(. Energy storage for decentralized renewable energy generation to mitigate connection scarcity on the MV-grid. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2020. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:de2e2daa-067c-4077-b110-87133d53584a

University of California – Berkeley

20. Xin, Siyuan. Design, Analysis, and Testing of Large Scale Kinetic Energy Storage Systems.

Degree: Mechanical Engineering, 2015, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9xn418t5

► AbstractDesign, Analysis, and Testing of Large Capacity Kinetic Energy Storage SystemsbySiyuan XinDoctor of Philosophy in Engineering – Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of California, BerkeleyProfessor David Steigmann, ChairGlobal… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Mechanical engineering; Energy; Energy Storage; Flywheel; Kinetic Energy Storage; Rotor

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APA (6^th Edition):

Xin, S. (2015). Design, Analysis, and Testing of Large Scale Kinetic Energy Storage Systems. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9xn418t5

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Xin, Siyuan. “Design, Analysis, and Testing of Large Scale Kinetic Energy Storage Systems.” 2015. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9xn418t5.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Xin, Siyuan. “Design, Analysis, and Testing of Large Scale Kinetic Energy Storage Systems.” 2015. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Xin S. Design, Analysis, and Testing of Large Scale Kinetic Energy Storage Systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9xn418t5.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Xin S. Design, Analysis, and Testing of Large Scale Kinetic Energy Storage Systems. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2015. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9xn418t5

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Ottawa

21. Lefebvre, Dominique. Thermal Energy Storage Using Adsorption Processes for Solar and Waste Heat Applications: Material Synthesis, Testing and Modeling .

Degree: 2016, University of Ottawa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34173

► As the worldwide energy demand continues to increase, scientists and engineers are faced with the increasingly difficult task of meeting these needs. Currently, the major… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Thermal energy storage; Adsorption

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lefebvre, D. (2016). Thermal Energy Storage Using Adsorption Processes for Solar and Waste Heat Applications: Material Synthesis, Testing and Modeling . (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34173

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lefebvre, Dominique. “Thermal Energy Storage Using Adsorption Processes for Solar and Waste Heat Applications: Material Synthesis, Testing and Modeling .” 2016. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34173.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lefebvre, Dominique. “Thermal Energy Storage Using Adsorption Processes for Solar and Waste Heat Applications: Material Synthesis, Testing and Modeling .” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lefebvre D. Thermal Energy Storage Using Adsorption Processes for Solar and Waste Heat Applications: Material Synthesis, Testing and Modeling . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34173.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lefebvre D. Thermal Energy Storage Using Adsorption Processes for Solar and Waste Heat Applications: Material Synthesis, Testing and Modeling . [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34173

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

22. Shankar, Sandhya. Thermal cycling effect on the nanoparticle distribution and specific heat of a carbonate eutectic with alumina nanoparticles.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2011, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-05-9483

► The objective of this research was to measure the effect of thermal cycling on the nanoparticle distribution and specific heat of a nanocomposite material consisting… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Thermal energy storage; Specific heat

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shankar, S. (2011). Thermal cycling effect on the nanoparticle distribution and specific heat of a carbonate eutectic with alumina nanoparticles. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-05-9483

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shankar, Sandhya. “Thermal cycling effect on the nanoparticle distribution and specific heat of a carbonate eutectic with alumina nanoparticles.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-05-9483.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shankar, Sandhya. “Thermal cycling effect on the nanoparticle distribution and specific heat of a carbonate eutectic with alumina nanoparticles.” 2011. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Shankar S. Thermal cycling effect on the nanoparticle distribution and specific heat of a carbonate eutectic with alumina nanoparticles. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-05-9483.

Council of Science Editors:

Shankar S. Thermal cycling effect on the nanoparticle distribution and specific heat of a carbonate eutectic with alumina nanoparticles. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-05-9483

University of Illinois – Chicago

23. Zhang, Chengji. Study on Performance Enhancement of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

Degree: 2017, University of Illinois – Chicago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22236

► The electrification of transportation is well-recognized as alternative strategies to minimize the dependence on fossil fuels and eventually address the effects on Climate change. Among… (more)

▼ The electrification of transportation is well-recognized as alternative strategies to minimize the dependence on fossil fuels and eventually address the effects on Climate change. Among all strong candidate for the next generation energy storage technology, the lithium-air battery has attracted exclusively attention in terms of its high theoretical energy density, which is even comparable to gasoline combustion. And as a result, makes it promise for powering the fully battery powered Electric Vehicles (EVs). However, the high overpotential while redox reaction happens between charge and discharge is the enormous challenges obstructed the way to success. On the other hand, electrolyte and electrode decomposition was almost inevitable as the battery keeps cycling and eventually leads to cathode clogging which is in responsible for poor energy efficiency as well as limited cyclability after testing. In this research, in order to achieve highly desirable battery developments, we first introduce Ir3Li, a lithium intermetallic, as new catalyst material that helps stabilize the formation of LiO2, a meta-stable intermediate product instead of the commonly reported Li2O2 after discharge, and as a result mechanically reducing the energy barrier. In addition, the way to fabricate improved carbon black cathode and other performance perfection technique were also investigated. Different characterization techniques including SEM, Raman, and titration will be employed to investigate the morphology as well as the distribution of redox products. Along with battery cycling test, which helps better understand the two-step mechanism of the Li-Oxygen battery system. With the help of all these characterization and justification, an improved Li-O2 cell will be presented with an energy efficiency of 70% for more than 70 cycles with only moderate capacity loss. At the same time, the discharge products are believed to be Lithium superoxide as wanted instead of Lithium peroxide. As a result, the improved Li-O2 battery has been successfully explored that could keep running continuously for more than eight weeks. Advisors/Committee Members: Indacochea, Ernesto J. (advisor), Wang, Hsien-Hau (advisor), McNallan, Michael J. (committee member), Indacochea, Ernesto J. (chair).

Subjects/Keywords: energy storage; Li-O2 battery

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zhang, C. (2017). Study on Performance Enhancement of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Chicago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22236

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhang, Chengji. “Study on Performance Enhancement of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.” 2017. Thesis, University of Illinois – Chicago. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22236.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhang, Chengji. “Study on Performance Enhancement of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.” 2017. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhang C. Study on Performance Enhancement of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22236.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zhang C. Study on Performance Enhancement of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22236

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Waterloo

24. Park, Sunghyun. Integrating Compressed Air Energy Storage with Borehole Thermal Energy Storage: A Feasibility Study.

Degree: 2020, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/16574

► There is an increasing number of renewable energy projects deployed to supply electrical energy, thermal energy, or both. The trend is mainly driven by the… (more)

▼ There is an increasing number of renewable energy projects deployed to supply electrical energy, thermal energy, or both. The trend is mainly driven by the continuing growth in global energy demand and effort to deviate from the emission-intensive hydrocarbon society. Despite the relative advantages of renewables, compared to fossil fuels, their intermittent availability often imposes limitations on deployment, as it can cause a supply-demand imbalance issue. For overcoming the challenge, Energy Storage Systems (ESS) are integrated into renewable energy systems. This thesis focuses on integrating existing ESS technologies, Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) and Borehole Thermal Energy Storage (BTES). In this thesis, the integrated ESS system is referred to as an integrated CAES-BTES system. The integrated system stores excess electricity from renewable sources in CAES, and the heat of compression is stored in BTES. The thermal energy can be transferred to the expansion side of the CAES or outside of the system. The objective of this thesis is to conduct a first-order feasibility study on the design of the integrated CAES-BTES system. For the study, several existing configurations of CAES and BTES and their design methods outlined in the literature are reviewed first. A conceptual design of the integrated system is proposed, based on the literature review. From the literature review, key parameters that affect the overall performance of the ESS technologies are also identified. Then, a computer model of the integrated CAES-BTES system is produced with the Matlab®, which allows prompt thermodynamics simulation and sizing of the system, based on user-defined parameters, such as the energy demand and operational/physical constraints. A parametric study is conducted using the model to analyze the system's performance under different operating conditions. The integrated system's economic feasibility is determined relatively by comparing its Levelized Cost of Energy Storage (LCOS) with the other ESS technologies. A financial model is created using Microsoft Excel/VBA, which calculates the LCOS based on the technical and financial input parameters from the Matlab® model and existing literature. An integrated CAES-BTES with a power output of 1.5 MW that operates in a continuous daily cycle of 8 hours of discharge is considered in the parametric study. Based on the scenarios considered for the parametric study, the CAES system can achieve up to 60% and 40% round-trip efficiency for Adiabatic CAES (A-CAES) and Diabatic CAES (D-CAES), within the range of parameters. The results have demonstrated the more notable influence of the expander inlet temperature and the number of compression expansion stages on the system's efficiency. For the BTES side of the integrated system, the thermal properties of the storage medium and grout materials have shown significant impacts on the configurations. The LCOS is calculated for the integrated CAES-BTES system and compared to conventional D-CAES and A-CAES systems. Rated storage…

Subjects/Keywords: Borehole Thermal Energy Storage; BTES; Compressed Air Energy Storage; CAES; Energy Storage System; ESS; LCOS; Levelized Cost of Energy Storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Park, S. (2020). Integrating Compressed Air Energy Storage with Borehole Thermal Energy Storage: A Feasibility Study. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/16574

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Park, Sunghyun. “Integrating Compressed Air Energy Storage with Borehole Thermal Energy Storage: A Feasibility Study.” 2020. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/16574.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Park, Sunghyun. “Integrating Compressed Air Energy Storage with Borehole Thermal Energy Storage: A Feasibility Study.” 2020. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Park S. Integrating Compressed Air Energy Storage with Borehole Thermal Energy Storage: A Feasibility Study. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/16574.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Park S. Integrating Compressed Air Energy Storage with Borehole Thermal Energy Storage: A Feasibility Study. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/16574

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Ontario Institute of Technology

25. Hosseini, Mehdi. Investigation of energy storage options for sustainable energy systems.

Degree: 2013, University of Ontario Institute of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10155/346

► Determination of the possible energy storage options for a specific source of energy requires a thorough analysis from the points of energy, exergy, and exergoeconomics.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Renewable energy; Storage; Solar; Exergy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hosseini, M. (2013). Investigation of energy storage options for sustainable energy systems. (Thesis). University of Ontario Institute of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10155/346

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hosseini, Mehdi. “Investigation of energy storage options for sustainable energy systems.” 2013. Thesis, University of Ontario Institute of Technology. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10155/346.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hosseini, Mehdi. “Investigation of energy storage options for sustainable energy systems.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hosseini M. Investigation of energy storage options for sustainable energy systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ontario Institute of Technology; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10155/346.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hosseini M. Investigation of energy storage options for sustainable energy systems. [Thesis]. University of Ontario Institute of Technology; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10155/346

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Tartu University

26. Pajusalu, Mihkel. Localized Photosynthetic Excitons .

Degree: 2014, Tartu University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10062/43646

► Peaaegu kogu inimkonna poolt tarbitav toit ja näiteks ka fossiilsed kütused on toodetud elusorganismide poolt kinnipüütud päikesevalguse abil. Elusloodus on suutnud sellel viisil päikeseenergiat koguda… (more)

▼ Peaaegu kogu inimkonna poolt tarbitav toit ja näiteks ka fossiilsed kütused on toodetud elusorganismide poolt kinnipüütud päikesevalguse abil. Elusloodus on suutnud sellel viisil päikeseenergiat koguda juba miljardeid aastaid ja väga suures mastaabis, saades samas hakkama väga väheste vahenditega. See kõik on võimalik tänu elusorgamismide võimele paigutada aatomeid väga täpselt mõnenanomeetrise suurusega struktuurideks. Purpurbakterid on ühed vanimad organismid Maal, kes on võimelised päikesevalgust koguma ja enda toitmiseks kasutama. Bakterid on miljardite aastate jooksul suutnud välja töötada väga keerukaid energiakogumise meetodeid, mida saaks ka inimtehnoloogias kasutada. Nende süsteemide mõistmise keerukus tuleneb nende toimimise aluseks olevast kvantmehaanikast, mis tavaliselt avaldub äärmiselt korrapärastes tingimustes (nagu pooljuhtkristallides) väga madalatel temperatuuridel (nagu heeliumi keemistemperatuuril -270 °C juures). Selles töös proovisime edendada arusaamu purpurbakterite valgust koguvate antennisüsteemide tööpõhimõtete kohta. Me suutsime tõestada, et need väikesed nanostruktuurid suudavad footoneid kinni püüda ja neid kvaasiosakesteks (eksitonideks) muundada. Neid eksitone saab siis transportida ja keemilise energiana salvestada. Tuleb välja, et see on siiski võimalik, kuigi tingimused eluslooduses on väga kaugel tingimustest, mis valitsevad pooljuhtkristallides absoluutse nulltemperatuuri lähedal. Uurimus põhines optilise spektroskoopia ja kvantmehaanilise modelleerimise ühendamisel. Koostatud mudel võimaldab ka seletada erinevusi üksikute valgust koguvate komplekside vahel, mis varem on põhjustanud eksperimentaalsete andmete väärtõlgendamist. Kokkuvõttes jõudsime paremale arusaamale nende komplekside tööst ja loodetavasti saab tulevikus nende tööpõhimõtteid rakendada ka inimkonna energiavajaduse rahuldamisel.; Virtually all of the food consumed by humans and, for example, fossil fuels, have been produced by capturing sunlight and storing it as chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis. Living nature has been able to collect solar energy this way for billions of years and in very large scales, managing at the same time to do this with very common chemical elements. This is possible thanks to living nature’s ability to place atoms into complex arrangements on the scale of a few nanometres. Purple bacteria are possibly the oldest organisms on the Earth capable of harvesting the sunlight to feed themselves. During billions of years, bacteria have developed very complex methods for energy capture that could also prove useful in human technology. The complexity in understanding these systems lies in the fact that their operation is based on quantum mechanical effects, which ordinarily exhibit in highly regular systems (such as semiconductor crystals) at extremely low temperatures, such as at the boiling point of liquid helium (-270 °C). In this work, we tried to expand our understanding of the mechanisms behind the functioning of the light-harvesting complexes of purple bacteria. We managed…

Subjects/Keywords: eksitonid; energiasalvestus; excitons; energy storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pajusalu, M. (2014). Localized Photosynthetic Excitons . (Thesis). Tartu University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10062/43646

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pajusalu, Mihkel. “Localized Photosynthetic Excitons .” 2014. Thesis, Tartu University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10062/43646.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pajusalu, Mihkel. “Localized Photosynthetic Excitons .” 2014. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Pajusalu M. Localized Photosynthetic Excitons . [Internet] [Thesis]. Tartu University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10062/43646.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pajusalu M. Localized Photosynthetic Excitons . [Thesis]. Tartu University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10062/43646

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Hong Kong

27. 王中伟. On some aspects of frequency regulation market design and analysis.

Degree: 2017, University of Hong Kong

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/241405

► To maintain the real-time balance of power generation and load, it is necessary to procure frequency regulation services in the power system operation. During past… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Energy storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

王中伟. (2017). On some aspects of frequency regulation market design and analysis. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10722/241405

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

王中伟. “On some aspects of frequency regulation market design and analysis.” 2017. Thesis, University of Hong Kong. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/241405.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

王中伟. “On some aspects of frequency regulation market design and analysis.” 2017. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Vancouver:

王中伟. On some aspects of frequency regulation market design and analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/241405.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

王中伟. On some aspects of frequency regulation market design and analysis. [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/241405

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Texas

28. Hasib, A. M. M. Golam. Effect of Dispersed Particles and Branching on the Performance of a Medium Temperature Thermal Energy Storage System.

Degree: 2013, University of North Texas

URL: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc499995/

► The main objective of my thesis is to develop a numerical model for small-scale thermal energy storage system and to see the effect of dispersing… (more)

▼ The main objective of my thesis is to develop a numerical model for small-scale thermal energy storage system and to see the effect of dispersing nano-particles and using fractal-like branching heat exchanger in phase change material for our proposed thermal energy storage system. The associated research problems investigated for phase change material (PCM) are the low thermal conductivity and low rate of heat transfer from heat transfer fluid to PCM in thermal energy storage system. In this study an intensive study is carried out to find the best material for thermal storage and later on as a high conductive nano-particle graphite is used to enhance the effective thermal conductivity of the mixed materials. As a thermal storage material molten solar Salt (60% NaNO3+40%KNO3) has been selected, after that detailed numerical modeling of the proposed design has been done using MATLAB algorithm and following the fixed grid enthalpy method. The model is based on the numerical computation of 1-D finite difference method using explicit scheme. The second part of the study is based on enhancing the heat transfer performance by introducing the concept of fractal network or branching heat exchanger. Results from the numerical computation have been utilized for the comparison between a conventional heating system (with a simple single tube as a heat exchanger) and a passive PCM thermal energy storage system with branching heat exchanger using NTU-effectiveness method and charging time calculation. The comparison results show a significant amount improvement using branching network and mixing nano-particle in terms of heat transfer (13.5% increase in effectiveness of branching level-02 heat exchangers from the conventional one ), thermal conductivity (increased 73.6% with 20% graphite nano-particle mix with solid PCM), charging time (57% decrease of charging time for the effect of both the dispersion of Graphite nano-particle and branching heat exchange) and pressure drop (36% decrease in level-02 branching). The results of this study prove that the proposed medium temperature TES system coupled with solar ORC can be the stepping-stone for energy efficient and sustainable future in small-scale/building level as the system proves to be better in terms of enhanced heat transfer, increased thermal conductivity and reduced pumping power and overall sustainability. Advisors/Committee Members: Tao, Yong, Burzo, Mihai, Rayegan, Rambod.

Subjects/Keywords: Energy storage; branching; dispersed particles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hasib, A. M. M. G. (2013). Effect of Dispersed Particles and Branching on the Performance of a Medium Temperature Thermal Energy Storage System. (Thesis). University of North Texas. Retrieved from https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc499995/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hasib, A M M Golam. “Effect of Dispersed Particles and Branching on the Performance of a Medium Temperature Thermal Energy Storage System.” 2013. Thesis, University of North Texas. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc499995/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hasib, A M M Golam. “Effect of Dispersed Particles and Branching on the Performance of a Medium Temperature Thermal Energy Storage System.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hasib AMMG. Effect of Dispersed Particles and Branching on the Performance of a Medium Temperature Thermal Energy Storage System. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Texas; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc499995/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hasib AMMG. Effect of Dispersed Particles and Branching on the Performance of a Medium Temperature Thermal Energy Storage System. [Thesis]. University of North Texas; 2013. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc499995/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Limerick

29. Connolly, David. The integration of fluctuating renewable energy using energy storage.

Degree: 2011, University of Limerick

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/1695

►

peer-reviewed

Energy storage is often portrayed as an ideal solution for the integration of fluctuating renewable energy (RE) due to the flexibility it creates. However,… (more)

▼

peer-reviewed

Energy storage is often portrayed as an ideal solution for the integration of fluctuating renewable energy (RE) due to the flexibility it creates. However, there is uncertainty surrounding energy storage in terms of the technologies that currently exist, the additional RE it enables, and its role in modern electricity markets. These uncertainties have hampered the deployment of large‐scale energy storage and hence, this research examined these concerns. This research began by identifying the most feasible energy storage technology available for the integration of fluctuating RE, specifically for Ireland. Due to its technical maturity and large‐scale capacities, pumped hydroelectric energy storage (PHES) was deemed the most viable technology, but the literature outlined a lack of suitable sites for its construction. Therefore, a new software tool was developed in this study to search for suitable PHES sites, which was then applied to two counties in Ireland. The results indicate that these two counties alone have over 15 sites suitable for freshwater PHES, which in some cases could be twice as large as Ireland’s only existing PHES facility. Hence, the next stage of this research assessed the benefits of constructing large‐scale energy storage in Ireland. To do this, a model of the Irish energy system was needed and so a review of 68 existing energy tools was completed. From this review, EnergyPLAN was chosen and subsequently it was used to simulate various capacities of wind power and PHES on the 2020 Irish energy system. The results reveal that PHES could technically enable RE to provide 100% of Ireland’s electricity if very large capacities were used under certain operating strategies. However, under conventional economic assumptions this would cost more than the reference 2020 scenario. In addition, alternatives were identified which could offer similar savings as PHES, while also being more robust to changes in fuel prices, interest rates, and annual wind generation, but they did consume more fossil fuels. Finally, a new practical operating strategy was created for energy storage while operating in a wholesale electricity market. Results indicate that approximately 97% of the maximum feasible profits are achievable. However, the annual profit could vary by more than 50% and hence, energy storage will need more profit stability to become feasible for investors. To summarise, this work concludes that PHES is the most promising energy storage technology for integrating fluctuating RE. More sites do exist than previously expected and constructing them will enable higher penetrations of fluctuating RE. However, based on predicted 2020 costs, using PHES is more expensive than the reference scenario and alternatives could be more cost‐effective, but this requires further analysis. Finally, if energy storage is required, electricity markets will need to create more certainty surrounding their potential profits.

Advisors/Committee Members: Leahy, Martin J..

Subjects/Keywords: energy storage; Ireland; hydroelectric; electricity

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Connolly, D. (2011). The integration of fluctuating renewable energy using energy storage. (Thesis). University of Limerick. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10344/1695

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Connolly, David. “The integration of fluctuating renewable energy using energy storage.” 2011. Thesis, University of Limerick. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10344/1695.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Connolly, David. “The integration of fluctuating renewable energy using energy storage.” 2011. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Connolly D. The integration of fluctuating renewable energy using energy storage. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Limerick; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/1695.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Connolly D. The integration of fluctuating renewable energy using energy storage. [Thesis]. University of Limerick; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/1695

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Massey University

30. Mortensen, Kelsey Leigh. Development of a new cathode for aqueous rechargeable batteries.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2015, Massey University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/6976

► The demand for low/cost energy storage is a current issue. Existing batteries are unable to meet this constraint due to the high raw material prices,… (more)

▼ The demand for low/cost energy storage is a current issue. Existing batteries are unable to meet this constraint due to the high raw material prices, in particular the metal content. The risk of fluctuating metal prices and future availability will not meet the market demand and therefore alternative materials need to be considered. The focus of this project was to develop a non/metal based battery electrode specifically for stationary battery systems. This study presents fundamental concepts required to form a rechargeable electrochemical storage device utilising hydrogen peroxide as the electroactive species. This involved two key aspects: immobilisation of hydrogen peroxide in order to prevent self/discharge and catalytic regeneration of hydrogen peroxide from hydroxide ions. Although the construction of the device was not within the scope of this project, the chemical and electrochemical analysis of potential compounds were evaluated at a molecular level. In particular, the synthesis and molecular behaviour of a urea/ based ’binder‘ that will immobilise hydrogen peroxide, and an oxoammonium ’catalyst‘ to reform hydrogen peroxide during recharge of the battery. Additionally, the attachment of these compounds to a surface was also evaluated. Analysis of the interactions between substituted ureas (‘binder’) and hydrogen peroxide proved challenging. Although these findings suggest that adduct formation is occurring, the methods undertaken were not able to determine the equilibrium constant or strength of binding. They did however give an indication of the quantity of hydrogen peroxide in the synthesised adducts and this methodology can be applied to the range of hydrogen peroxide adducts. Additionally, functionalisation of surfaces with a diazonium/containing substituted urea was achieved and is a viable method for attaching the ‘binder’ to the electrode substrate material. The second key step is to incorporate a rechargeable aspect to the battery system. An oxoammonium cation was proposed to act as a ‘catalyst’ to replenish H2O2 during charging. Details regarding the synthetic methodology for synthesis of nitroxide/containing compounds, incorporating diazonium functionalities for attachment to a surface, were obtained. Of particular interest was the amido/ TEMPO structure that was electrochemically attached to a carbon surface electrode. Evaluation of its ability to form H2O2 was achieved using a bi/potentiostat where a current density of 0.21 A m/2 was observed. This novel idea shows promise and demonstrates the ability for the catalyst to replenish H2O2 in an aqueous battery system.

Subjects/Keywords: Batteries; Energy storage; Battery design

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mortensen, K. L. (2015). Development of a new cathode for aqueous rechargeable batteries. (Doctoral Dissertation). Massey University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10179/6976

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mortensen, Kelsey Leigh. “Development of a new cathode for aqueous rechargeable batteries.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Massey University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/6976.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mortensen, Kelsey Leigh. “Development of a new cathode for aqueous rechargeable batteries.” 2015. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Mortensen KL. Development of a new cathode for aqueous rechargeable batteries. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Massey University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/6976.

Council of Science Editors:

Mortensen KL. Development of a new cathode for aqueous rechargeable batteries. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Massey University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/6976

Open Access Theses and Dissertations