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1.
Lee, Dong-Joon.
Resonance-based Electro-Optic Sensing: Innovative Techniques for Sensitivity and Bandwidth Enhancement in Minimally Invasive Vector Microwave Field Imaging.
Degree: PhD, Electrical Engineering, 2009, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/62270 
► The electro-optic sensing/sampling (EOS) technique has gained great attention over the last decade as a valuable diagnostic tool for high-speed circuits and microwave sensing/imaging due…
(more)
▼ The
electro-
optic sensing/sampling (EOS) technique has gained great attention over the last decade as a valuable diagnostic tool for high-speed circuits and microwave
sensing/imaging due to unique features such as inherently low invasiveness, ultra-broad bandwidth, and high spatial and temporal resolution for the detection of vector microwave fields. Despite these beneficial aspects of EOS, there still remain challenges to be overcome in the existing methodology. The primary one is low sensitivity, originating from the inherently tiny figure of merit in EO materials. Furthermore, the conventional reflective mode of the EOS configuration also demands the arguably cumbersome polarization management and optical alignment associated with an expensive and delicate mode-locked pulsed laser.
This dissertation presents novel methods to address the various challenges of the unique features in the EOS systems. The sensitivity is enhanced by > 10 dB with Fabry-Perot resonance-based techniques, and this is accomplished with simplification of the optical implementation compared to the conventional methodology. For high frequency
sensing of vector microwave fields, a novel electrical down-conversion technique is presented and compared with the recently introduced and thus more conventional photonic technique. Both down-mixing techniques are optimized through the application of a new carrier suppression method, enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio up to 10 dB, and the merits and shortcomings of the two techniques are discussed. The results suggest employing the photonic down-conversion scheme for higher frequency
sensing (i.e, the broader bandwidth). Another technique to expand the bandwidth, utilizing higher-order harmonics of the photonic local oscillator, is also presented. Up to three times the
sensing bandwidth, using the second- or third-order harmonics can be readily achieved. Such expansion of the bandwidth is enough to cover even up to the millimeter-wave regime with additional carrier suppression to increase the signal-modulation depth. Finally, the least invasive fiber-based probe that has been envisioned to date, with greater accessibility to devices tested with millimeter-wave
sensing, has been developed through miniaturization of the probe size. This dissertation demonstrates a number of innovative techniques that realize the most simple and efficient, minimally invasive, high frequency EO measurement system developed to date.
Advisors/Committee Members: Norris, Theodore B. (committee member), Whitaker, John F. (committee member), Reis, David A. (committee member), Winful, Herbert Graves (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Electro-Optic; Electro-Optic Sensing; Resonance; Electrical Engineering; Engineering
…114
8.7 Optical heterodyne electro-optic sensing sub-system with multi stage carrier… …Mobile RFID Antenna Design ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦. ¦β¦170
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ABSTRACT
The electro-optic sensing… …characterization of the device performance.
1.2 Brief principle of EO sensing
Electro-optic sensing… …its fine temporal and spatial resolution. The sensing relies on the
electro-optic effect… …99
7.7 Summary ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦.β¦...101
8. BANDWIDTH ENHANCEMENT OF ELECTRO-OPTIC FIELD
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APA (6th Edition):
Lee, D. (2009). Resonance-based Electro-Optic Sensing: Innovative Techniques for Sensitivity and Bandwidth Enhancement in Minimally Invasive Vector Microwave Field Imaging. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/62270
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lee, Dong-Joon. “Resonance-based Electro-Optic Sensing: Innovative Techniques for Sensitivity and Bandwidth Enhancement in Minimally Invasive Vector Microwave Field Imaging.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 02, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/62270.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lee, Dong-Joon. “Resonance-based Electro-Optic Sensing: Innovative Techniques for Sensitivity and Bandwidth Enhancement in Minimally Invasive Vector Microwave Field Imaging.” 2009. Web. 02 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lee D. Resonance-based Electro-Optic Sensing: Innovative Techniques for Sensitivity and Bandwidth Enhancement in Minimally Invasive Vector Microwave Field Imaging. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 02].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/62270.
Council of Science Editors:
Lee D. Resonance-based Electro-Optic Sensing: Innovative Techniques for Sensitivity and Bandwidth Enhancement in Minimally Invasive Vector Microwave Field Imaging. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/62270
University of Michigan
2.
Chen, Chia-Chu.
Multi-birefringence effects in the diluted magnetic semiconductor cadmium manganese telluride: Applications from microwave to terahertz.
Degree: PhD, Pure Sciences, 2010, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/127156
► Nondestructive evaluation is commonly used in science and industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component or system without causing damage. In this thesis,…
(more)
▼ Nondestructive evaluation is commonly used in science and industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component or system without causing damage. In this thesis, optical nondestructive evaluation tools are developed using a diluted magnetic semiconductor, CMT. A single <110> CMT crystal probe is employed as a sensor in both the microwave and THz electromagnetic wave region. Both theory and experimental results demonstrate that a diluted-magnetic-semiconductor CMT crystal exhibits both Faraday rotation and electric-field-induced linear birefringence. Utilizing this characteristic, a single probe that is capable of
sensing both electric and magnetic fields independently is presented here. In addition, the linear
electro-
optic coefficient, r
41 for CMT has been calculated from electric-field measurements to be 3.5 +/- 0.2 pm/V. The ability to measure the electric or magnetic field components is exploited to develop a Poynting vector sensor that requires no further transformational calculation or physical information about the device. Maps of the microwave Poynting vector along a 50-O microstrip with different terminations were experimentally determined. An open termination microstrip shows no energy flow, whereas a matched-load microstrip shows consistent energy flow along the microstrip transmission line. These results demonstrate that the Poynting vector can be extracted from the components of the electric and magnetic field by utilizing a single <110> CMT crystal. CMT is also employed as an EO
sensing crystal in a THz time-domain reflectometry system that is used to detect both surface and subsurface defects of thermal barrier coatings. A 50 mum surface defect of a thermal barrier coating is identified even though its width is beyond the diffraction limit associated with a 1-THz frequency component. Moreover, when a history of pulsed reflectometry measurements is maintained, this THz system can also monitor the evolution of thermally-induced oxide layers and voidsΒ β embedded at a ceramic/metal interfaceΒ β that are on the order of a single micrometer in thickness. This was accomplished through the observation of THz pulse time delays and changes in the width and shape of the THz pulses. These features can be used to predict the lifetime of thermal-barrier coatings and to indicate a warning of imminent spallation conditions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Whittaker, John F. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Applications; Birefringence; Cadmium Manganese Telluride; Diluted; Effects; Electro-optic Sensing; Magnetic Semiconductor; Magneto-optic Sensing; Microwave; Multi; Terahertz
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APA (6th Edition):
Chen, C. (2010). Multi-birefringence effects in the diluted magnetic semiconductor cadmium manganese telluride: Applications from microwave to terahertz. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/127156
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chen, Chia-Chu. “Multi-birefringence effects in the diluted magnetic semiconductor cadmium manganese telluride: Applications from microwave to terahertz.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 02, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/127156.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chen, Chia-Chu. “Multi-birefringence effects in the diluted magnetic semiconductor cadmium manganese telluride: Applications from microwave to terahertz.” 2010. Web. 02 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Chen C. Multi-birefringence effects in the diluted magnetic semiconductor cadmium manganese telluride: Applications from microwave to terahertz. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 02].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/127156.
Council of Science Editors:
Chen C. Multi-birefringence effects in the diluted magnetic semiconductor cadmium manganese telluride: Applications from microwave to terahertz. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/127156
Brigham Young University
3.
Johnson, Eric K.
Low Loss Hybrid Waveguide Electric Field Sensor Based on Optical D-fiber.
Degree: MS, 2007, Brigham Young University
URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2283&context=etd
► This thesis presents the fabrication of a low loss hybrid waveguide electric field(E-field) sensor based on optical D-fiber. This novel E-field sensor is formed as…
(more)
▼ This thesis presents the fabrication of a low loss hybrid waveguide electric field(E-field) sensor based on optical D-fiber. This novel E-field sensor is formed as part of a contiguous fiber resulting in a flexible and small cross-section device that can be embedded into electronic circuitry. The in-fiber nature of this sensor also eliminates the need for alignment and packaging that conventional sensors need. An optical fiber can detect electric fields when the core of the fiber is partially removed and replaced with an electro-optic polymer. This polymer causes a change in the index of refraction in the waveguide of the device when in the presence of an electric field. The change in the effective index of refraction changes the speed of the light in the vertical axis relative to the light in the horizontal axis creating a phase change between the two axes. This phase change can be detected as a change in the polarity of the light coming out of the fiber. The sensor is formed by partially etching out the core of a D-shaped optical fiber and depositing a polymer to form a hybrid waveguide. The polymer becomes sensitive to electric fields through corona poling. The typical corona poling process is not amenable to poling a polymer located in the fiber core. A method of poling conducive to an in-fiber device was developed and demonstrated. Using PMMA and DR1 for proof of concept, the operation of the first in-fiber hybrid waveguide electric field sensor is demonstrated. Etch depth, polymer composition, and polymer spin rate are optimized to provide strong interaction between the light and the sensing portion of the hybrid waveguide while maintaining low optical loss. High frequency testing was demonstrated to show that the effect is electro-optic. AC testing also allows the Epi of the sensors to be determined at lower electric fields than are required for DC testing, eliminating charge build up and electric field break down issues.
Subjects/Keywords: electric field sensing; electro-optic; poling; polymer; D-fiber; Electrical and Computer Engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Johnson, E. K. (2007). Low Loss Hybrid Waveguide Electric Field Sensor Based on Optical D-fiber. (Masters Thesis). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2283&context=etd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Johnson, Eric K. “Low Loss Hybrid Waveguide Electric Field Sensor Based on Optical D-fiber.” 2007. Masters Thesis, Brigham Young University. Accessed March 02, 2021.
https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2283&context=etd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Johnson, Eric K. “Low Loss Hybrid Waveguide Electric Field Sensor Based on Optical D-fiber.” 2007. Web. 02 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Johnson EK. Low Loss Hybrid Waveguide Electric Field Sensor Based on Optical D-fiber. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Brigham Young University; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 02].
Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2283&context=etd.
Council of Science Editors:
Johnson EK. Low Loss Hybrid Waveguide Electric Field Sensor Based on Optical D-fiber. [Masters Thesis]. Brigham Young University; 2007. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2283&context=etd
Brigham Young University
4.
Kvavle, Joshua Monroe.
A System Level Approach to D-Fiber Electric Field Sensing.
Degree: PhD, 2009, Brigham Young University
URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2902&context=etd
► This dissertation presents the novel creation of a hybrid D-fiber electro-optic polymer electric field sensor. The sensor is made by removing a portion of the…
(more)
▼ This dissertation presents the novel creation of a hybrid D-fiber electro-optic polymer electric field sensor. The sensor is made by removing a portion of the cladding from a D-shaped optical fiber, thus exposing the core to interaction with external stimulus. Then, an electro-optic polymer is deposited, partially replacing the core of the fiber. Next, the polymer is poled to endow it with electro-optic properties. This sensor is packaged in order to restore its mechanical strength. Because D-fiber is not intrinsically compatible with standard optical equipment it is fusion spliced to standard polarization maintaining fiber. Finally the sensor is tested for electro-optic sensitivity. The hybrid D-fiber electric field sensors designed and fabricated in this work meet the requirements of mechanical strength, temporal stability, minimal perturbation of the electric field by the sensor, and a small and flexible cross-sectional area so that it can be embedded into the device under test. A fully packaged hybrid electro-optic polymer D-fiber electric field sensor which is capable of detecting electric fields of 50 V/m at a frequency of 6 GHz is produced. The sensor's electro-optic response is shown to be temporally stable. Additionally, the sensor is physically robust, and physically and electrically non-intrusive. This work also adds a thorough understanding of the design and fabrication of D-fiber waveguides with a polymer material deposited in the core. Several new fabrication techniques are developed and presented. A path to greater electric field sensitivity is outlined for future research.
Subjects/Keywords: D-fiber; optical fiber; optical sensing; electric field sensing; in-fiber devices; hybrid polymer-fiber waveguides; electro-optic polymers; AJL8/APC; DR1/PMMA; second-harmonic generation; corona poling; ink-jetting; fusion splicing; E-beam written surface-relief fiber Bragg gratings; Electrical and Computer Engineering
Record Details
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Record Details
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kvavle, J. M. (2009). A System Level Approach to D-Fiber Electric Field Sensing. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2902&context=etd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kvavle, Joshua Monroe. “A System Level Approach to D-Fiber Electric Field Sensing.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Brigham Young University. Accessed March 02, 2021.
https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2902&context=etd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kvavle, Joshua Monroe. “A System Level Approach to D-Fiber Electric Field Sensing.” 2009. Web. 02 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kvavle JM. A System Level Approach to D-Fiber Electric Field Sensing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 02].
Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2902&context=etd.
Council of Science Editors:
Kvavle JM. A System Level Approach to D-Fiber Electric Field Sensing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2009. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2902&context=etd
. 
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