subject:(ECIS)

University of Edinburgh

1. Morgan, Frances Katie. Formulating an improved in vitro hepatic model for drug development and toxicity testing.

Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Edinburgh

► There is a need in the pharmaceutical industry for more informative and functional in vitro human models for drug testing as the currently used animal… (more)

▼ There is a need in the pharmaceutical industry for more informative and functional in vitro human models for drug testing as the currently used animal models have poor correlation to their human counterparts. The liver is the main organ of metabolism and xenobiotics detoxification. As such, a human hepatic in vitro model with improved metabolic functions similar to primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) could reduce the number of animals needed in pre-clinical testing and enhance the relevance of data obtained for subsequent in vivo testing. Most immortalized hepatic cell lines are derived from carcinomas and do not retain a full range of functional activity in vitro. Here we have compared a novel hepatic cell line (HepaRG™), an intrinsic co-culture of hepatocyte and cholangiocyte-like cells, with the commonly used C3A cell line which is a derivative of HepG2 cells, in terms of metabolic competency. We found that the HepaRG™ cells out-perform C3As in a number of metabolic functions that include phase I and II metabolism as well as CYP activity. This makes the HepaRG™ cell line a strong alternative to PHHs for in vitro pre-clinical drug testing. Next, we considered the platform for in vitro modelling. There are currently many tissue engineering models available with improved cell culture characteristics such as 3D spheroids, microfluidic models or 3D printing. However, these methods are costly and time consuming. We have used nanopatterned culture plates to develop a cheaper and faster platform that will produce an enhanced human hepatic culture capable of sustaining a differentiated state for several weeks. Such a model will also allow for multi-experimentation or repeat dosage and would be a significant step towards reducing small animal in vivo testing and may correlate better to pre-clinical human trials. We have specifically selected a nanopatterned and oxygen plasma treated culture system that has shown promise in differentiating other stem-like cells into organ specific cultures without the use of additional chemicals or hormones. By growing HepaRG™ progenitor (HepaRG-P™ ) cells on these prototype plates, we showed a much earlier differentiation compared with the established HepaRG-P™ cell culture protocols. Improved functionality at this early time point can also be seen in terms of CYP activity and markers of maturation. There is also some evidence to suggest specific zonation of mature HepaRG™s within this model. Finally, a real-time, label-free monitoring of cell culture fitness, that encompasses a quantitative analysis of cell culture during treatment with a pharmacological agent, is desirable. An electrical cell impedance substrate (ECIS) platform that fulfils the above criteria was validated for real-time, non-invasive, monitoring of the HepaRG™ cell culture. Chlorpromazine (CPZ), a model cholestatic drug, was used to assess its effect on the HepaRG™ cells using ECIS. This study also gave us the opportunity for a more in-depth analysis of CPZ-induced cholestasis by not only analysing tight junctions, adhesion…

Subjects/Keywords: nanopattern; ECIS; impedance; HepaRG; C3A

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APA (6^th Edition):

Morgan, F. K. (2019). Formulating an improved in vitro hepatic model for drug development and toxicity testing. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/35899

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Morgan, Frances Katie. “Formulating an improved in vitro hepatic model for drug development and toxicity testing.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/35899.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Morgan, Frances Katie. “Formulating an improved in vitro hepatic model for drug development and toxicity testing.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Morgan FK. Formulating an improved in vitro hepatic model for drug development and toxicity testing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/35899.

Council of Science Editors:

Morgan FK. Formulating an improved in vitro hepatic model for drug development and toxicity testing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/35899

Tulane University

2. Yao, Joshua E. Analysis of morphology and RecDer-induced damage of an epithelial cell monolayer in a biomimetic airway using electric cell substrate impedance sensing.

Degree: 2019, Tulane University

URL: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:92431

►

[email protected]

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening, non-carcinogenic inflammatory pulmonary conditions characterized by the collection of fluids in the air sacs of the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: ARDS; Atelectrauma; Recruitment-Derecruitment; VILI; ECIS; VILI; Respiratory; Mechanical Ventilation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yao, J. E. (2019). Analysis of morphology and RecDer-induced damage of an epithelial cell monolayer in a biomimetic airway using electric cell substrate impedance sensing. (Thesis). Tulane University. Retrieved from https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:92431

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yao, Joshua E. “Analysis of morphology and RecDer-induced damage of an epithelial cell monolayer in a biomimetic airway using electric cell substrate impedance sensing.” 2019. Thesis, Tulane University. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:92431.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yao, Joshua E. “Analysis of morphology and RecDer-induced damage of an epithelial cell monolayer in a biomimetic airway using electric cell substrate impedance sensing.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Yao JE. Analysis of morphology and RecDer-induced damage of an epithelial cell monolayer in a biomimetic airway using electric cell substrate impedance sensing. [Internet] [Thesis]. Tulane University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:92431.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yao JE. Analysis of morphology and RecDer-induced damage of an epithelial cell monolayer in a biomimetic airway using electric cell substrate impedance sensing. [Thesis]. Tulane University; 2019. Available from: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:92431

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University College Cork

3. Messina, Walter. Micro and nanostructured impedance sensors for biological and biomedical applications.

Degree: 2014, University College Cork

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2100

► This thesis work covered the fabrication and characterisation of impedance sensors for biological applications aiming in particular to the cytotoxicity monitoring of cultured cells exposed… (more)

▼ This thesis work covered the fabrication and characterisation of impedance sensors for biological applications aiming in particular to the cytotoxicity monitoring of cultured cells exposed to different kind of chemical compounds and drugs and to the identification of different types of biological tissue (fat, muscles, nerves) using a sensor fabricated on the tip of a commercially available needle during peripheral nerve block procedures. Gold impedance electrodes have been successfully fabricated for impedance measurement on cells cultured on the electrode surface which was modified with the fabrication of gold nanopillars. These nanostructures have a height of 60nm or 100nm and they have highly ordered layout as they are fabricated through the e-beam technique. The fabrication of the threedimensional structures on the interdigitated electrodes was supposed to improve the sensitivity of the ECIS (electric cell-substrate impedance sensing) measurement while monitoring the cytotoxicity effects of two different drugs (Antrodia Camphorata extract and Nicotine) on three different cell lines (HeLa, A549 and BALBc 3T3) cultured on the impedance devices and change the morphology of the cells growing on the nanostructured electrodes. The fabrication of the nanostructures was achieved combining techniques like UV lithography, metal lift-off, evaporation and e-beam lithography techniques. The electrodes were packaged using a pressure sensitive, medical grade adhesive double-sided tape. The electrodes were then characterised with the aid of AFM and SEM imaging which confirmed the success of the fabrication processes showing the nanopillars fabricated with the right layout and dimensions figures. The introduction of nanopillars on the impedance electrodes, however, did not improve much the sensitivity of the assay with the exception of tests carried out with Nicotine. HeLa and A549 cells appeared to grow in a different way on the two surfaces, while no differences where noticed on the BALBc 3T3 cells. Impedance measurements obtained with the dead cells on the negative control electrodes or the test electrodes with the drugs can be compared to those done on the electrodes containing just media in the tested volume (as no cells are attached and cover the electrode surface). The impedance figures recorded using these electrodes were between 1.5kΩ and 2.5 kΩ, while the figures recorded on confluent cell layers range between 4kΩ and 5.5kΩ with peaks of almost 7 kΩ if there was more than one layer of cells growing on each other. There was then a very clear separation between the values of living cell compared to the dead ones which was almost 2.5 - 3kΩ. In this way it was very easy to determine whether the drugs affected the cells normal life cycle on not. However, little or no differences were noticed in the impedance analysis carried out on the two different kinds of electrodes using cultured cells. An increase of sensitivity was noticed only in a couple of experiments carried out on A549 cells growing on the nanostructured… Advisors/Committee Members: Moore, Eric J., SFI.

Subjects/Keywords: Impedance; Nanopillar; Bioimpedance; ECIS; Biosensor; Cell-based biosensor; Peripheral nerve block; Cell culture

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APA (6^th Edition):

Messina, W. (2014). Micro and nanostructured impedance sensors for biological and biomedical applications. (Thesis). University College Cork. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2100

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Messina, Walter. “Micro and nanostructured impedance sensors for biological and biomedical applications.” 2014. Thesis, University College Cork. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2100.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Messina, Walter. “Micro and nanostructured impedance sensors for biological and biomedical applications.” 2014. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Messina W. Micro and nanostructured impedance sensors for biological and biomedical applications. [Internet] [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2100.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Messina W. Micro and nanostructured impedance sensors for biological and biomedical applications. [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/2100

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cornell University

4. Pennington, Matthew Robert. Repurposing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase inhibitor raltegravir for the treatment of felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) ocular infection.

Degree: PhD, Immunology and Infectious Disease, 2018, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59803

► Herpesviruses infect many species, inducing a wide range of diseases. Herpesvirus-induced ocular disease, which may lead to blindness, commonly occurs in humans, dogs, and cats,… (more)

▼ Herpesviruses infect many species, inducing a wide range of diseases. Herpesvirus-induced ocular disease, which may lead to blindness, commonly occurs in humans, dogs, and cats, and is caused by human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HHV-1), canid alphaherpesvirus (CHV-1), and felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1), respectively. Rapid and effective antiviral therapy is of the utmost importance to control infection in order to preserve the vision of infected people or animals. However, current treatment options are suboptimal, in large part due to the difficulty and cost of de novo drug development and the lack of effective models to bridge work in in vitro cell cultures and in vivo. Repurposing currently approved drugs for viral infections is one strategy to more rapidly identify new therapeutics. Furthermore, studying ocular herpesviruses in cats is of particular importance, as this condition is a frequent disease manifestation in these animals and FHV-1 infection of the cat is increasingly being recognized as a valuable natural-host model of herpesvirus-induced ocular infection First, the current models to study ocular herpesvirus infections were reviewed. Next, the efficacy of raltegravir was evaluated using a novel corneal explant model. Raltegravir is a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase inhibitor that was recently shown to poses antiviral activity against human herpesviruses. Then, electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) was evaluated as a novel methodology to study the replication kinetics of herpesviruses. It was also used to characterize a fluorescently labeled FHV-1, created using CRISPR/Cas9 genome. Next, it was found that raltegravir inhibits both viral DNA synthesis initiation and late gene expression, a mechanism consistent with inhibition of viral ICP8. Finally, RNA sequencing was used to explore the indirect effects of raltegravir on the host. It was found that raltegravir treatment promoted the expression of anti-angiogenic factors and altered the metabolism of the host cells, both of which may be beneficial therapeutically. These results, combined with a recent in vivo study in experimentally infected cats, demonstrates that raltegravir is a viable treatment option for FHV-1 and warrants further investigations into its clinical potential against other herpesviruses. Advisors/Committee Members: Van de Walle, Gerlinde (chair), Parrish, Colin Ross (committee member), Wagner, Bettina (committee member), Ledbetter, Eric C. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Veterinary science; electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS); explant; Felid alphaherpesvirus (FHV-1); ICP8; ocular herpesvirus; raltegravir; Virology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pennington, M. R. (2018). Repurposing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase inhibitor raltegravir for the treatment of felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) ocular infection. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59803

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pennington, Matthew Robert. “Repurposing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase inhibitor raltegravir for the treatment of felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) ocular infection.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59803.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pennington, Matthew Robert. “Repurposing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase inhibitor raltegravir for the treatment of felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) ocular infection.” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Pennington MR. Repurposing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase inhibitor raltegravir for the treatment of felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) ocular infection. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59803.

Council of Science Editors:

Pennington MR. Repurposing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase inhibitor raltegravir for the treatment of felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) ocular infection. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59803

University of South Florida

5. Price, Dorielle T. Optimization of Bio-Impedance Sensor for Enhanced Detection and Characterization of Adherent Cells.

Degree: 2012, University of South Florida

URL: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4208

► This research focuses on the detection and characterization of cells using impedance-based techniques to understand the behavior and response of cells to internal/environmental changes. In… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: cancer cells; ECIS; microelectrode; microfluidics; spectroscopy; American Studies; Arts and Humanities; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Electrical and Computer Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Price, D. T. (2012). Optimization of Bio-Impedance Sensor for Enhanced Detection and Characterization of Adherent Cells. (Thesis). University of South Florida. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4208

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Price, Dorielle T. “Optimization of Bio-Impedance Sensor for Enhanced Detection and Characterization of Adherent Cells.” 2012. Thesis, University of South Florida. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4208.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Price, Dorielle T. “Optimization of Bio-Impedance Sensor for Enhanced Detection and Characterization of Adherent Cells.” 2012. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Price DT. Optimization of Bio-Impedance Sensor for Enhanced Detection and Characterization of Adherent Cells. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4208.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Price DT. Optimization of Bio-Impedance Sensor for Enhanced Detection and Characterization of Adherent Cells. [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2012. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4208

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of South Florida

6. Opp, Daniel. Transendothelial Migration of Metastatic Cancer Under the Influence of Cigarette Smoke Condensate.

Degree: 2007, University of South Florida

URL: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3808

► Cigarette smoke's influence on cancer has primarily been a subject of epidemilogic and tumorigenic studies. There have been no proper investigations with interests focused on… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: ECIS; junctional resistance; cell adhesion molecules; intravasation; extravasation; American Studies; Arts and Humanities

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APA (6^th Edition):

Opp, D. (2007). Transendothelial Migration of Metastatic Cancer Under the Influence of Cigarette Smoke Condensate. (Thesis). University of South Florida. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3808

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Opp, Daniel. “Transendothelial Migration of Metastatic Cancer Under the Influence of Cigarette Smoke Condensate.” 2007. Thesis, University of South Florida. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3808.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Opp, Daniel. “Transendothelial Migration of Metastatic Cancer Under the Influence of Cigarette Smoke Condensate.” 2007. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Opp D. Transendothelial Migration of Metastatic Cancer Under the Influence of Cigarette Smoke Condensate. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2007. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3808.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Opp D. Transendothelial Migration of Metastatic Cancer Under the Influence of Cigarette Smoke Condensate. [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2007. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3808

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of South Florida

7. Shah, Hetal. Assessment of Invasive Activities of Ovarian Cancer Cells In Vitro.

Degree: 2005, University of South Florida

URL: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/859

► The interactions between neighboring cells and between cells and their attached substrate have long been studied in tissue culture. These in vitro studies may provide… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Invasion; Ecis; Huvecs; Metastasis; Electrode-array; American Studies; Arts and Humanities

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shah, H. (2005). Assessment of Invasive Activities of Ovarian Cancer Cells In Vitro. (Thesis). University of South Florida. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/859

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shah, Hetal. “Assessment of Invasive Activities of Ovarian Cancer Cells In Vitro.” 2005. Thesis, University of South Florida. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/859.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shah, Hetal. “Assessment of Invasive Activities of Ovarian Cancer Cells In Vitro.” 2005. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Shah H. Assessment of Invasive Activities of Ovarian Cancer Cells In Vitro. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2005. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/859.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shah H. Assessment of Invasive Activities of Ovarian Cancer Cells In Vitro. [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2005. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/859

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

8. Srinivasaraghavan, Vaishnavi. Bioimpedance spectroscopy of breast cancer cells: A microsystems approach.

Degree: PhD, Electrical Engineering, 2015, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/63921

► Bioimpedance presents a versatile, label-free means of monitoring biological cells and their responses to physical, chemical and biological stimuli. Breast cancer is the second most… (more)

▼ Bioimpedance presents a versatile, label-free means of monitoring biological cells and their responses to physical, chemical and biological stimuli. Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer among women in the United States. Although significant progress has been made in diagnosis and treatment of this disease, there is a need for robust, easy-to-use technologies that can be used for the identification and discrimination of critical subtypes of breast cancer in biopsies obtained from patients. This dissertation makes contributions in three major areas towards addressing the goal. First, we developed miniaturized bioimpedance sensors using MEMS and microfluidics technology that have the requisite traits for clinical use including reliability, ease-of-use, low-cost and disposability. Here, we designed and fabricated two types of bioimpedance sensors. One was based on electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) to monitor cell adhesion based events and the other was a microfluidic device with integrated microelectrodes to examine the biophysical properties of single cells. Second, we examined a panel of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines and a hormone therapy resistant model of breast cancer in order to improve our understanding of the bioimpedance spectra of breast cancer subtypes. Third, we explored strategies to improve the sensitivity of the microelectrodes to bioimpedance measurements from breast cancer cells. We investigated nano-scale coatings on the surface of the electrode and geometrical variations in a branched electrode design to accomplish this. This work demonstrates the promise of bioimpedance technologies in monitoring diseased cells and their responses to pharmaceutical agents, and motivates further research in customization of this technique for use in personalized medicine. Advisors/Committee Members: Agah, Masoud (committeechair), Zhu, Yizheng (committee member), Lester, Luke F. (committee member), Strobl, Jeannine Susan (committee member), Kelly, Deborah F. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); Bioimpedance; Microelectrode Arrays (MEA); Electrical Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS); Breast Cancer; Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC); Nano-coatings; Single cell analysis; Microfluidics

…___________________________________________________ 79 7.2. ECIS response of LCC-1 and LCC-9 cells treated with Obatoclax _________ 80 7.2.1… …Analysis (ECIS) _______________________________________ 116 Automated Curve Fitting… …x28;ECIS) _____________________________________ 117 Transit Time (Image Processing… …electrodes used to make ECIS measurements (right)… …ECIS) Figure 1.3 The current paths through the cell monolayer at different frequencies…

10 more images…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Srinivasaraghavan, V. (2015). Bioimpedance spectroscopy of breast cancer cells: A microsystems approach. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/63921

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Srinivasaraghavan, Vaishnavi. “Bioimpedance spectroscopy of breast cancer cells: A microsystems approach.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/63921.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Srinivasaraghavan, Vaishnavi. “Bioimpedance spectroscopy of breast cancer cells: A microsystems approach.” 2015. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Srinivasaraghavan V. Bioimpedance spectroscopy of breast cancer cells: A microsystems approach. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/63921.

Council of Science Editors:

Srinivasaraghavan V. Bioimpedance spectroscopy of breast cancer cells: A microsystems approach. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/63921

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations