subject:(Dispersal limitation)

University of Georgia

1. Giladi, Itamar. The role of habitat-specific demography, habitat-specific dispersal, and the evolution of dispersal distances in determining current and future distributions of the ant-dispersed forest herb, Hexastylis arifolia.

Degree: 2014, University of Georgia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/21503

► One of the most recognized ecological principles is that the distribution of species is closely associated with the distribution of suitable habitats. This principle is… (more)

▼ One of the most recognized ecological principles is that the distribution of species is closely associated with the distribution of suitable habitats. This principle is still highly valued both within and outside the scientific community, despite the documentation of many exceptions. The main goal of my dissertation has been to describe, explain, and model the distribution of a small ant-dispersed forest herb, Hexastylis arifolia (Aristolochiaceae) in relation to the distribution of its suitable habitat. I investigated how the distribution of suitable habitat and seed dispersal interact in determining the distribution of H. arifolia. I measured habitat-specific demography and habitat-specific seed dispersal of H. arifolia in occupied and unoccupied sites over several spatial scales. I used these measurements to model the potential of this forest herb to respond to change in distribution of suitable habitat. It is often hypothesized that seed dispersal by animals is a mutualistic interaction, at least in the context where the species evolved. I surveyed the literature for competing hypotheses regarding the evolution of dispersal by ants and tested two hypotheses with the data I had collected. The current distribution of H. arifolia does not reflect the current distribution of suitable habitat. H. arifolia is often absent from apparently suitable habitat near and far from established populations. In addition, due to a very low mortality rate, it can persist in remnant populations in apparently unsuitable habitat even in the absence of local recruitment or immigration. Seed-dispersing ants were present within and outside the distributional range of H. arifolia. Seed dispersal distances were extremely short and, combined with a very low fecundity, they limit the rate at which populations of H. arifolia can spread into new suitable habitats. Overall, the distribution of H. arifolia seems to be dispersal-limited. The results of this study suggest that seed-dispersal by ants evolved under conditions that benefited plants by reducing predation, reducing competition, and allowing colonization of suitable habitat at a small scale. However, this mutualism will provide little benefit to the plants if the distribution of suitable habitat will continue to change at the rates that are currently observed.

Subjects/Keywords: habitat suitability; seed dispersal; myrmecochory; Hexastylis arifolia; population spread; dispersal limitation; evolution of dispersal; matrix population models; hierarchical Bayes models

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APA (6^th Edition):

Giladi, I. (2014). The role of habitat-specific demography, habitat-specific dispersal, and the evolution of dispersal distances in determining current and future distributions of the ant-dispersed forest herb, Hexastylis arifolia. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/21503

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Giladi, Itamar. “The role of habitat-specific demography, habitat-specific dispersal, and the evolution of dispersal distances in determining current and future distributions of the ant-dispersed forest herb, Hexastylis arifolia.” 2014. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10724/21503.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Giladi, Itamar. “The role of habitat-specific demography, habitat-specific dispersal, and the evolution of dispersal distances in determining current and future distributions of the ant-dispersed forest herb, Hexastylis arifolia.” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Giladi I. The role of habitat-specific demography, habitat-specific dispersal, and the evolution of dispersal distances in determining current and future distributions of the ant-dispersed forest herb, Hexastylis arifolia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/21503.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Giladi I. The role of habitat-specific demography, habitat-specific dispersal, and the evolution of dispersal distances in determining current and future distributions of the ant-dispersed forest herb, Hexastylis arifolia. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/21503

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universiteit Utrecht

2. Fraaije, R.G.A. Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams.

Degree: 2016, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338819

► Understanding species distributions and patterns in plant diversity is a central goal in ecology. Two contrasting concepts occur in this field, explaining species distributions by… (more)

▼ Understanding species distributions and patterns in plant diversity is a central goal in ecology. Two contrasting concepts occur in this field, explaining species distributions by species requirements and tolerances to environmental conditions (known as ‘environmental filtering’), or by patterns in the arrival of seeds and viable plant fragments (known as ‘dispersal filtering’). Quantitative information on their relative importance, as well as on the different mechanisms underlying the filtering processes is however generally lacking, but critical for ecosystem conservation and restoration. For vegetation of streams and their riparian zones it is particularly unclear which of the filtering processes dominates. These ecosystems have been heavily degraded worldwide due to human interventions like damming and channelization, and often show only marginal ecological improvement after restoration. More innovative restoration measures, in which construction of narrower and shallower channels was combined with a meandering watercourse and wider stream valleys, seem more promising for ecological success. This thesis aimed at identifying the most important drivers of plant species distribution and diversity patterns along lowland streams and their riparian zones, and assessing ecological responses to innovative restoration. Natural seed arrival patterns along the riparian gradients of restored stream reaches were monitored with seed traps (dispersal filtering). This was combined with field experiments on recruitment of introduced seeds and seedlings along these gradients (environmental filtering), to subsequently compare the influence of both processes on adult distribution patterns in the naturally developing vegetation. Additionally, the aquatic and riparian vegetation at restored reaches was compared to unrestored (still channelized) reaches. Deposited seed numbers and species richness were significantly higher in flooded seed traps than in non-flooded seed traps, demonstrating the importance of restored flooding regimes for riparian plant colonization. Experimental introduction of seeds and seedlings showed that the hydrological gradient acted as a strong environmental filter on germination, seedling survival and seedling growth, through imposing stress (by inundation) at low elevations and resource limitation (water shortage) at higher elevations. This induced a wet-dry gradient in the vegetation, reflecting the preferred habitat conditions as adult plants. Strikingly, patterns in seed arrival foreshadowed this gradient; seeds of species with adult optima at wetter conditions dominated seed arrival at low elevations while seeds of species with drier optima arrived higher up. These results demonstrated that environmental filtering during early recruitment stages, but also non-random dispersal, are important drivers of early successional riparian vegetation zonation and biodiversity patterns. The innovative restoration promoted a higher diversity of riparian plant species, particularly at the channel margins and the… Advisors/Committee Members: Verhoeven, J.T.A., Soons, M.B..

Subjects/Keywords: Biodiversity; Environmental filtering; Dispersal limitation; Hydrological gradients; Riparian zone; Seed dispersal; Stream morphology; Stream valley; Plant diversity; Wetland restoration

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fraaije, R. G. A. (2016). Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams. (Doctoral Dissertation). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338819

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fraaije, R G A. “Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338819.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fraaije, R G A. “Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Fraaije RGA. Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338819.

Council of Science Editors:

Fraaije RGA. Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2016. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338819

University of Minnesota

3. Erlandson, Stephanie. History, dispersal limitation, and environment shape the current and future ranges of forest herbs of the Southern Appalachians.

Degree: MS, Plant Biological Sciences, 2018, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/201012

► As climate changes, favorable climatic conditions for some species might cease to overlap with their current geographic ranges, due to low dispersal rates, barriers to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: climate change; dispersal limitation; endemism; range limits; Southern Appalachian Mountains; species distribution model

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APA (6^th Edition):

Erlandson, S. (2018). History, dispersal limitation, and environment shape the current and future ranges of forest herbs of the Southern Appalachians. (Masters Thesis). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/201012

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Erlandson, Stephanie. “History, dispersal limitation, and environment shape the current and future ranges of forest herbs of the Southern Appalachians.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Minnesota. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/201012.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Erlandson, Stephanie. “History, dispersal limitation, and environment shape the current and future ranges of forest herbs of the Southern Appalachians.” 2018. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Erlandson S. History, dispersal limitation, and environment shape the current and future ranges of forest herbs of the Southern Appalachians. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/201012.

Council of Science Editors:

Erlandson S. History, dispersal limitation, and environment shape the current and future ranges of forest herbs of the Southern Appalachians. [Masters Thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/201012

Texas State University – San Marcos

4. Olson, Jenae. Dispersal of Zebra Mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, Downstream of an Invaded Reservoir.

Degree: MS, Aquatic Resources, 2016, Texas State University – San Marcos

URL: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/6402

► Zebra mussels have recently invaded Central Texas and more information is needed to predict their spread in this region and inform management decisions. Therefore, I… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Dispersal; Zebra mussels; Texas; River; Stream; Downstream; Invaded; Veliger; Limitation; Zebra mussel – Texas; Dreissenidae – Texas

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APA (6^th Edition):

Olson, J. (2016). Dispersal of Zebra Mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, Downstream of an Invaded Reservoir. (Masters Thesis). Texas State University – San Marcos. Retrieved from https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/6402

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Olson, Jenae. “Dispersal of Zebra Mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, Downstream of an Invaded Reservoir.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Texas State University – San Marcos. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/6402.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Olson, Jenae. “Dispersal of Zebra Mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, Downstream of an Invaded Reservoir.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Olson J. Dispersal of Zebra Mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, Downstream of an Invaded Reservoir. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/6402.

Council of Science Editors:

Olson J. Dispersal of Zebra Mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, Downstream of an Invaded Reservoir. [Masters Thesis]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2016. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/6402

Utah State University

5. Madsen, Marley. Patterns of Microbial Diversity and Community Composition in Slot Canyons, Rock Pools, and Other Ephemeral and Perennial Aquatic Habitats.

Degree: MS, Biology, 2020, Utah State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7750

► Microbes are the most diverse life forms on the planet and perform many important ecological functions. However, despite the abundance, diversity, and ecological importance… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: microbial ecology; species sorting; dispersal limitation; alpha diversity; meta-analysis; community composition; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Madsen, M. (2020). Patterns of Microbial Diversity and Community Composition in Slot Canyons, Rock Pools, and Other Ephemeral and Perennial Aquatic Habitats. (Masters Thesis). Utah State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7750

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Madsen, Marley. “Patterns of Microbial Diversity and Community Composition in Slot Canyons, Rock Pools, and Other Ephemeral and Perennial Aquatic Habitats.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Utah State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7750.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Madsen, Marley. “Patterns of Microbial Diversity and Community Composition in Slot Canyons, Rock Pools, and Other Ephemeral and Perennial Aquatic Habitats.” 2020. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Madsen M. Patterns of Microbial Diversity and Community Composition in Slot Canyons, Rock Pools, and Other Ephemeral and Perennial Aquatic Habitats. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Utah State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7750.

Council of Science Editors:

Madsen M. Patterns of Microbial Diversity and Community Composition in Slot Canyons, Rock Pools, and Other Ephemeral and Perennial Aquatic Habitats. [Masters Thesis]. Utah State University; 2020. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7750

6. Fourrier, Marc Steven. The Spatial and Temporal Ecology of Seed Dispersal by Gorillas in Lopé National Park, Gabon: Linking Patterns of Disperser Behavior and Recruitment in an Afrotropical Forest.

Degree: PhD, Anthropology, 2013, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1043

► Western lowland gorillas: Gorilla g. gorilla) consume large quantities of fruit and disperse a great number of seeds. The majority these seeds are dispersed… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: directed dispersal; dispersal limitation; forest structure; gorilla; large seed; seed dispersal; Anthropology

…165 Gorilla nesting behavior and dispersal limitation… …their lifetime. The first major contributor to dispersal limitation is source limitation, or… …196 Consequences of Gorilla seed dispersal: implications for community structure… …dispersal as one of many processes. ........... 3 Figure 1.2. Number of published items published… …in each year on “Seed Dispersal” and “Frugivory” ......... 5 Figure 1.3. Number of…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fourrier, M. S. (2013). The Spatial and Temporal Ecology of Seed Dispersal by Gorillas in Lopé National Park, Gabon: Linking Patterns of Disperser Behavior and Recruitment in an Afrotropical Forest. (Doctoral Dissertation). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1043

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fourrier, Marc Steven. “The Spatial and Temporal Ecology of Seed Dispersal by Gorillas in Lopé National Park, Gabon: Linking Patterns of Disperser Behavior and Recruitment in an Afrotropical Forest.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1043.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fourrier, Marc Steven. “The Spatial and Temporal Ecology of Seed Dispersal by Gorillas in Lopé National Park, Gabon: Linking Patterns of Disperser Behavior and Recruitment in an Afrotropical Forest.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Fourrier MS. The Spatial and Temporal Ecology of Seed Dispersal by Gorillas in Lopé National Park, Gabon: Linking Patterns of Disperser Behavior and Recruitment in an Afrotropical Forest. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1043.

Council of Science Editors:

Fourrier MS. The Spatial and Temporal Ecology of Seed Dispersal by Gorillas in Lopé National Park, Gabon: Linking Patterns of Disperser Behavior and Recruitment in an Afrotropical Forest. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2013. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1043

Utah State University

7. Tamjidi, Jelveh. The Consequences of Environmental Properties and Tree Spatial Neighborhood on Post-Fire Structure of Forest in Yosemite National Park.

Degree: MS, Wildland Resources, 2020, Utah State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7989

► Separating the contribution of habitat filtering and dispersal mechanisms in forming species distribution remains a challenge in community ecology. Despite the effect of environmental… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Dispersal limitation; habitat filtering; soil enzymes; Smithsonian ForestGEO; species-habitat association; Yosemite Forest Dynamics Plot; biotic interactions; habitat heterogeneity; large-diameter trees; spatial pattern; species coexistence; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tamjidi, J. (2020). The Consequences of Environmental Properties and Tree Spatial Neighborhood on Post-Fire Structure of Forest in Yosemite National Park. (Masters Thesis). Utah State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7989

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tamjidi, Jelveh. “The Consequences of Environmental Properties and Tree Spatial Neighborhood on Post-Fire Structure of Forest in Yosemite National Park.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Utah State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7989.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tamjidi, Jelveh. “The Consequences of Environmental Properties and Tree Spatial Neighborhood on Post-Fire Structure of Forest in Yosemite National Park.” 2020. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Tamjidi J. The Consequences of Environmental Properties and Tree Spatial Neighborhood on Post-Fire Structure of Forest in Yosemite National Park. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Utah State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7989.

Council of Science Editors:

Tamjidi J. The Consequences of Environmental Properties and Tree Spatial Neighborhood on Post-Fire Structure of Forest in Yosemite National Park. [Masters Thesis]. Utah State University; 2020. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7989

8. Zeng, Qinglong. Modelling the Ecological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Microbiomes within a Population of Hosts .

Degree: 2018, Duke University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/16823

► Microbial communities associated with animals and plants (i.e., microbiomes) are implicated in the day-to-day functioning of their hosts, and there has been an explosion… (more)

▼ Microbial communities associated with animals and plants (i.e., microbiomes) are implicated in the day-to-day functioning of their hosts, and there has been an explosion of research on them. Much of this research has focused on surveys of microbial diversities across a variety of host species, including humans, with a view to understanding how these microbiomes are distributed across space and time, and how they correlate with host health, disease, phenotype, physiology and ecology. Fewer studies have focused on how these host-microbiome associations evolve. In this dissertation, we develop a computational agent-based frameworks for modelling the long-term evolution and short-term dynamics of microbiomes within a population of hosts. Our frameworks allow different ecological processes and evolutionary forces to directly or indirectly affect microbiome composition. By incorporating a Wright-Fisher or Moran genealogical population model, we combine host phylogeny with microbiome assembly to consider the shared evolutionary history between hosts and their microbes. We also incorporate how hosts acquire their microbiomes, and how the environmental microbial community available to the hosts is assembled under both neutrality and selection. Under the selective models, we allow selection to operate on both microbes and hosts and observe how microbial diversities are gradually shaped by this evolutionary feedback between hosts and microbes. Furthermore, host population division and dispersal limitation are taken into account for our short-term neutral models. Our results indicate that the extent of parental contribution to microbial availability from one generation to the next significantly impacts the diversity of microbiomes over both long-term and short-term periods: with greater parental contribution, microbiome diversity within hosts tends to decline while microbiome diversity between hosts tends to increase. We also show that the implementation of selection further depresses microbial diversities and the comparison between host level and microbe level selection suggest that the evolutionary pressures directly acting on microbes is more dominant in shaping microbial diversity patterns. Finally, we show that host population division and dispersal limitation under high host contribution further shape the diversity patterns by elevating microbiome differences between hosts and depressing microbial diversity within hosts. Advisors/Committee Members: Yoder, Anne (advisor), Rodrigo, Allen (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Bioinformatics; Dispersal Limitation; Diversity; Microbiome; Neutral Evolution; Selection

…and dispersal limitation, where the availability of microbial taxa is restricted by the… …similarity through dispersal limitation, ecological drifts and speciation, instead of species… …examined by others to study microbiome dynamics. 1.1.2 Dispersal Limitation Dispersal limitation… …the role that dispersal limitation plays in influencing microbiome diversities and dynamics… …selects”, dispersal limitation emphasized that geographic barriers and environmental…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zeng, Q. (2018). Modelling the Ecological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Microbiomes within a Population of Hosts . (Thesis). Duke University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10161/16823

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zeng, Qinglong. “Modelling the Ecological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Microbiomes within a Population of Hosts .” 2018. Thesis, Duke University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/16823.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zeng, Qinglong. “Modelling the Ecological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Microbiomes within a Population of Hosts .” 2018. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Zeng Q. Modelling the Ecological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Microbiomes within a Population of Hosts . [Internet] [Thesis]. Duke University; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/16823.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zeng Q. Modelling the Ecological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Microbiomes within a Population of Hosts . [Thesis]. Duke University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/16823

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Purdue University

9. Martinez, Lorena Torres. Evolutionary potential of a dispersal-restricted species in response to climate change.

Degree: PhD, Biological Science, 2016, Purdue University

URL: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/868

► Habitat replacement and fragmentation associated with projected climate change pose a critical threat to global biodiversity. Edaphically limited plant species with restricted dispersal abilities… (more)

▼ Habitat replacement and fragmentation associated with projected climate change pose a critical threat to global biodiversity. Edaphically limited plant species with restricted dispersal abilities will be especially handicapped to track their optimal climate spatially. Instead, the persistence of these species will depend on their capacity to adapt in situ to novel climate regimes. Here I evaluated the evolutionary potential of Lasthenia fremontii, an annual plant species restricted to ephemeral wetlands called vernal pools in California to adapt to the projected patterns of climate change. Across L. fremontii distribution there is a latitudinal gradient in precipitation which, combined with reduced gene flow rates, might be driving adaptive divergence in climate tolerances among populations of this species. Accordingly, I estimated (1) the spatial distribution of genetic variation and gene flow across the species range, (2) the extent to which the climate variability experienced by the vernal pools has selected for seed dormancy in L. fremontii populations, and (3) the degree of local adaptation and additive genetic variation in response to a simulated spectrum of precipitation conditions. My analyses revealed an isolation-by-distance model of genetic differentiation among vernal pools and a low to moderate degree of genetic differentiation among pools within a single complex. Germination time was faster in the northernmost (historically wettest) population than in the southernmost (historically driest) population but with mixed responses in others. I observed a significant positive relationship between the historical variability in autumn precipitation and extent of seed dormancy in a population. These findings were consistent with the patterns of adaptation to local rainfall conditions observed among three of the populations reciprocally exposed to local but extreme precipitation conditions. Unexpectedly, however, populations expressed higher levels of additive genetic variation but reduced fitness under extreme drought events in comparison with moderate and extreme rainfall conditions. Further, both peripheral populations expressed optimal fitness in their native conditions but the central population did not. Taken together, these results revealed that restricted gene flow, coupled with differences in the history of local selection pressures, have led to significant divergence in the climatic tolerances and relative evolutionary potential of populations. Contrary to intuitive expectations, central range populations with less predictable climate regimes may not preserve adaptive potential for more extreme environments. That potential may only be present at the current environmental extremes. Advisors/Committee Members: Morris Levy, Nancy C. Emery, Morris Levy, Brian P. Dilkes, Kerry N. Rabenold.

Subjects/Keywords: Climate Change; Biological sciences; Earth sciences; Climate change; Dispersal-limitation; Evolutionary potential; Gene flow; Germination; Vernal pools; Climate; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Martinez, L. T. (2016). Evolutionary potential of a dispersal-restricted species in response to climate change. (Doctoral Dissertation). Purdue University. Retrieved from https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/868

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Martinez, Lorena Torres. “Evolutionary potential of a dispersal-restricted species in response to climate change.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Purdue University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/868.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Martinez, Lorena Torres. “Evolutionary potential of a dispersal-restricted species in response to climate change.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Martinez LT. Evolutionary potential of a dispersal-restricted species in response to climate change. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Purdue University; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/868.

Council of Science Editors:

Martinez LT. Evolutionary potential of a dispersal-restricted species in response to climate change. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Purdue University; 2016. Available from: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/868

10. Fraaije, R.G.A. Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams.

Degree: 2016, University Utrecht

URL: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/338819 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-338819 ; 1874/338819 ; urn:isbn:9789491602672 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-338819 ; https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/338819

► Understanding species distributions and patterns in plant diversity is a central goal in ecology. Two contrasting concepts occur in this field, explaining species distributions by… (more)

▼ Understanding species distributions and patterns in plant diversity is a central goal in ecology. Two contrasting concepts occur in this field, explaining species distributions by species requirements and tolerances to environmental conditions (known as ‘environmental filtering’), or by patterns in the arrival of seeds and viable plant fragments (known as ‘dispersal filtering’). Quantitative information on their relative importance, as well as on the different mechanisms underlying the filtering processes is however generally lacking, but critical for ecosystem conservation and restoration. For vegetation of streams and their riparian zones it is particularly unclear which of the filtering processes dominates. These ecosystems have been heavily degraded worldwide due to human interventions like damming and channelization, and often show only marginal ecological improvement after restoration. More innovative restoration measures, in which construction of narrower and shallower channels was combined with a meandering watercourse and wider stream valleys, seem more promising for ecological success. This thesis aimed at identifying the most important drivers of plant species distribution and diversity patterns along lowland streams and their riparian zones, and assessing ecological responses to innovative restoration. Natural seed arrival patterns along the riparian gradients of restored stream reaches were monitored with seed traps (dispersal filtering). This was combined with field experiments on recruitment of introduced seeds and seedlings along these gradients (environmental filtering), to subsequently compare the influence of both processes on adult distribution patterns in the naturally developing vegetation. Additionally, the aquatic and riparian vegetation at restored reaches was compared to unrestored (still channelized) reaches. Deposited seed numbers and species richness were significantly higher in flooded seed traps than in non-flooded seed traps, demonstrating the importance of restored flooding regimes for riparian plant colonization. Experimental introduction of seeds and seedlings showed that the hydrological gradient acted as a strong environmental filter on germination, seedling survival and seedling growth, through imposing stress (by inundation) at low elevations and resource limitation (water shortage) at higher elevations. This induced a wet-dry gradient in the vegetation, reflecting the preferred habitat conditions as adult plants. Strikingly, patterns in seed arrival foreshadowed this gradient; seeds of species with adult optima at wetter conditions dominated seed arrival at low elevations while seeds of species with drier optima arrived higher up. These results demonstrated that environmental filtering during early recruitment stages, but also non-random dispersal, are important drivers of early successional riparian vegetation zonation and biodiversity patterns. The innovative restoration promoted a higher diversity of riparian plant species, particularly at the channel margins and the… Advisors/Committee Members: Verhoeven, Jos, Soons, Merel.

Subjects/Keywords: Biodiversity; Environmental filtering; Dispersal limitation; Hydrological gradients; Riparian zone; Seed dispersal; Stream morphology; Stream valley; Plant diversity; Wetland restoration

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Fraaije, R. G. A. (2016). Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams. (Doctoral Dissertation). University Utrecht. Retrieved from https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/338819 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-338819 ; 1874/338819 ; urn:isbn:9789491602672 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-338819 ; https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/338819

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fraaije, R G A. “Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University Utrecht. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/338819 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-338819 ; 1874/338819 ; urn:isbn:9789491602672 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-338819 ; https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/338819.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fraaije, R G A. “Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Fraaije RGA. Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University Utrecht; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/338819 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-338819 ; 1874/338819 ; urn:isbn:9789491602672 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-338819 ; https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/338819.

Council of Science Editors:

Fraaije RGA. Plants living on the edge: colonization processes of aquatic and riparian vegetation along restored lowland streams. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University Utrecht; 2016. Available from: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/338819 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-338819 ; 1874/338819 ; urn:isbn:9789491602672 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-338819 ; https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/338819

11. Zuquim, Gabriela de Paula Souza. Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central.

Degree: 2006, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

URL: http://bdtd.inpa.gov.br/handle/tede/819

►

Planejar a conservação na Amazônia é um grande desafio. A heterogeneidade de hábitats é grande mesmo em escalas pequenas. Para planejar a conservação, é necessário… (more)

▼

Planejar a conservação na Amazônia é um grande desafio. A heterogeneidade de hábitats é grande mesmo em escalas pequenas. Para planejar a conservação, é necessário entender como a variação nas comunidades biológicas está relacionada com a variação ambiental e geográfica. Neste estudo, usando pteridófitas (samambaias e plantas afins) com modelo, foram investigadas as diferenças na composição da comunidade entre as parcelas em relação à algumas características ambientais locais e à distância entre as parcelas. Foram amostradas 38 parcelas de 0,0625 ha distribuídas em 150 km2 de floresta nativa da Amazônia Central. Os resultados mostram que o teor de argila é o principal fator que determina substituição gradual de espécies ao nesta escala e que a abertura do dossel influencia a composição de maneira sutil. A abertura do dossel está negativamente relacionada à riqueza, provavelmente porque muitas espécies de pteridófitas são susceptíveis a pequenas variações na entrada de luz no subosque. A distância florística entre as parcelas não esteve relacionada à distância geográfica entre elas, sugerindo que samambaias não são limitadas pela dispersão nessa escala. A heterogeneidade da comunidade de pteridófitas pode estar sendo mal representada em reservas pequenas, pois a Amazônia é um complexo mosaico de hábitats e organismos.

Conservation planning in Amazon is a big challenge. The heterogeneity of habitats is high even in small scales. The understanding of the relationships of biological communities and environmental and geographic variation is needed for conservation planning. The differences of the composition of pteridophytes (ferns and fern allies) between plots due to some local environmental characteristics and geographic distance between plots were evaluated. Thirty eight plots of 0,0625 ha in 150 km2of undisturbed forest in Central Amazon were sampled. The results show that clay content is the main gradient determining species turnover. Canopy openness is negatively related with richness, probably because many species of pteridophytes are susceptible to small increases of light penetration in the understory. The floristic distance between plots was not related to geographical distance, suggesting that ferns are not dispersal limited at this scale. The heterogeneity of pteridophyte communities maybe misrepresented in small reserves because the Amazon is a complex mosaic of habitats and organisms.

Advisors/Committee Members: Costa, Flávia Regina Capellotto, Prado, Jefferson, Pitman, Nigel, Magnusson, William Ernest, Evangelista, Paulo Henrique Labiak, Nelson, Bruce Walker, Nelson, Bruce Walker.

Subjects/Keywords: Heterogeneidade ambiental; Limitação de dispersão; Pteridófitas; Amazônia Central; Environmental heterogeneity; Dispersal limitation; Pteridophytes; Central Amazon; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zuquim, G. d. P. S. (2006). Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central. (Masters Thesis). Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Retrieved from http://bdtd.inpa.gov.br/handle/tede/819

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zuquim, Gabriela de Paula Souza. “Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central.” 2006. Masters Thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://bdtd.inpa.gov.br/handle/tede/819.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zuquim, Gabriela de Paula Souza. “Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central.” 2006. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Zuquim GdPS. Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; 2006. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://bdtd.inpa.gov.br/handle/tede/819.

Council of Science Editors:

Zuquim GdPS. Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central. [Masters Thesis]. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; 2006. Available from: http://bdtd.inpa.gov.br/handle/tede/819

12. Zuquim, Gabriela de Paula Souza. Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central.

Degree: 2006, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

URL: http://bdtd.inpa.gov.br/handle/tede/914

►

Planejar a conservação na Amazônia é um grande desafio. A heterogeneidade de hábitats é grande mesmo em escalas pequenas. Para planejar a conservação, é necessário… (more)

▼

Planejar a conservação na Amazônia é um grande desafio. A heterogeneidade de hábitats é grande mesmo em escalas pequenas. Para planejar a conservação, é necessário entender como a variação nas comunidades biológicas está relacionada com a variação ambiental e geográfica. Neste estudo, usando pteridófitas (samambaias e plantas afins) com modelo, foram investigadas as diferenças na composição da comunidade entre as parcelas em relação à algumas características ambientais locais e à distância entre as parcelas. Foram amostradas 38 parcelas de 0,0625 ha distribuídas em 150 km2 de floresta nativa da Amazônia Central. Os resultados mostram que o teor de argila é o principal fator que determina substituição gradual de espécies ao nesta escala e que a abertura do dossel influencia a composição de maneira sutil. A abertura do dossel está negativamente relacionada à riqueza, provavelmente porque muitas espécies de pteridófitas são susceptíveis a pequenas variações na entrada de luz no subosque. A distância florística entre as parcelas não esteve relacionada à distância geográfica entre elas, sugerindo que samambaias não são limitadas pela dispersão nessa escala. A heterogeneidade da comunidade de pteridófitas pode estar sendo mal representada em reservas pequenas, pois a Amazônia é um complexo mosaico de hábitats e organismos.

Conservation planning in Amazon is a big challenge. The heterogeneity of habitats is high even in small scales. The understanding of the relationships of biological communities and environmental and geographic variation is needed for conservation planning. The differences of the composition of pteridophytes (ferns and fern allies) between plots due to some local environmental characteristics and geographic distance between plots were evaluated. Thirty eight plots of 0,0625 ha in 150 km2of undisturbed forest in Central Amazon were sampled. The results show that clay content is the main gradient determining species turnover. Canopy openness is negatively related with richness, probably because many species of pteridophytes are susceptible to small increases of light penetration in the understory. The floristic distance between plots was not related to geographical distance, suggesting that ferns are not dispersal limited at this scale. The heterogeneity of pteridophyte communities maybe misrepresented in small reserves because the Amazon is a complex mosaic of habitats and organisms.

Advisors/Committee Members: Costa, Flávia Regina Capellotto, Prado, Jefferson, Pitman, Nigel, Magnusson, William Ernest, Evangelista, Paulo Henrique Labiak, Nelson, Bruce Walker, Nelson, Bruce Walker.

Subjects/Keywords: Heterogeneidade ambiental; Limitação de dispersão; Pteridófitas; Amazônia Central; Environmental heterogeneity; Dispersal limitation; Pteridophytes; Central Amazon; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

❌

APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zuquim, G. d. P. S. (2006). Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central. (Masters Thesis). Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Retrieved from http://bdtd.inpa.gov.br/handle/tede/914

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zuquim, Gabriela de Paula Souza. “Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central.” 2006. Masters Thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://bdtd.inpa.gov.br/handle/tede/914.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zuquim, Gabriela de Paula Souza. “Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central.” 2006. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Zuquim GdPS. Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; 2006. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://bdtd.inpa.gov.br/handle/tede/914.

Council of Science Editors:

Zuquim GdPS. Diversidade Beta da Comunidade de Pteridófitas de Florestas de Terra-Firme da Amazônia Central. [Masters Thesis]. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; 2006. Available from: http://bdtd.inpa.gov.br/handle/tede/914

13. Allen, David Nicoletti. Feedback Between Ecological Interaction and Spatial Pattern in a Transitional Michigan Forest.

Degree: PhD, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 2012, University of Michigan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/91581

► Ecology has traditionally thought of spatial patterns in one of two ways: (1) as a consequence of some underlying environmental heterogeneity and (2) as something… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Self-organized Pattern Formation; Janzen-Connell Effect; Forest Ecology; Dispersal Limitation; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Science

…forest, dispersal limitation, and Janzen–Connell seed and seedling mortality. I then… …between our results. 16 CHAPTER III Dispersal limitation and Janzen–Connell effect lead to… …dispersal limitation and Janzen–Connell recruitment limitation. Although much of the literature… …forces, dispersal limitation and density-dependent recruitment limitation, we create a… …effect of local dispersal and Janzen-Connell, density-dependent seed and seedling mortality of…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Allen, D. N. (2012). Feedback Between Ecological Interaction and Spatial Pattern in a Transitional Michigan Forest. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/91581

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Allen, David Nicoletti. “Feedback Between Ecological Interaction and Spatial Pattern in a Transitional Michigan Forest.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/91581.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Allen, David Nicoletti. “Feedback Between Ecological Interaction and Spatial Pattern in a Transitional Michigan Forest.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Allen DN. Feedback Between Ecological Interaction and Spatial Pattern in a Transitional Michigan Forest. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/91581.

Council of Science Editors:

Allen DN. Feedback Between Ecological Interaction and Spatial Pattern in a Transitional Michigan Forest. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/91581

14. Shirani, Sahar. Neutral evolution and dispersal limitation produce biogeographic patterns in Microcystis aeruginosa populations of lake systems.

Degree: MS, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017, Northeastern University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20250936

► Molecular observations reveal substantial biogeographic patterns of cyanobacteria within systems of connected lakes. An important question is the relative role of environmental selection and neutral… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: agent-based modeling; biogeography; cyanobacteria; dispersal limitation; lake systems; neutral evolution

…with dispersal limitation. For microbes with large population sizes and high dispersal rates… …explore the role of dispersal limitation in the biogeography of cyanobacteria in lake systems… …explored dispersal limitation of bacteria within the De Maten system, a collection of small… …geographic distance, suggesting that both environmental selection and dispersal limitation may be… …quantify. However, the mechanisms underlying neutral evolution and dispersal limitation…

7 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shirani, S. (2017). Neutral evolution and dispersal limitation produce biogeographic patterns in Microcystis aeruginosa populations of lake systems. (Masters Thesis). Northeastern University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20250936

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shirani, Sahar. “Neutral evolution and dispersal limitation produce biogeographic patterns in Microcystis aeruginosa populations of lake systems.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Northeastern University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20250936.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shirani, Sahar. “Neutral evolution and dispersal limitation produce biogeographic patterns in Microcystis aeruginosa populations of lake systems.” 2017. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Shirani S. Neutral evolution and dispersal limitation produce biogeographic patterns in Microcystis aeruginosa populations of lake systems. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Northeastern University; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20250936.

Council of Science Editors:

Shirani S. Neutral evolution and dispersal limitation produce biogeographic patterns in Microcystis aeruginosa populations of lake systems. [Masters Thesis]. Northeastern University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20250936

University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet

15. Sundelöf, Andreas 1974-. Modelling limpet dynamics in space and time.

Degree: 2006, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/16786

Subjects/Keywords: Birth function; recruitment limitation; demography; hydrodynamic model; Lagrangian model; larval vertical migration; dispersal kernel; connectivity; source; sink; metapopulation; mesopopulation; meiopopulation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Sundelöf, . A. 1. (2006). Modelling limpet dynamics in space and time. (Thesis). University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2077/16786

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sundelöf, Andreas 1974-. “Modelling limpet dynamics in space and time.” 2006. Thesis, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/16786.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sundelöf, Andreas 1974-. “Modelling limpet dynamics in space and time.” 2006. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Sundelöf A1. Modelling limpet dynamics in space and time. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2006. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/16786.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sundelöf A1. Modelling limpet dynamics in space and time. [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/16786

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Notre Dame

16. Travis David Marsico. Post-glacial migration, limitations to poleward range expansion, and growth responses to future climates of plants in the Garry oak ecosystem</h1>.

Degree: Biological Sciences, 2008, University of Notre Dame

URL: https://curate.nd.edu/show/js956d5980f

► A key goal in ecology is to understand the factors limiting species’ distributions. Important range-limiting factors are often difficult to generalize, however, because organisms… (more)

▼ A key goal in ecology is to understand the factors limiting species’ distributions. Important range-limiting factors are often difficult to generalize, however, because organisms have many different life-history traits, evolutionary histories, and diverse interactions with other species. Climate is often implicated as the most important range-limiting factor in modern species distributions. Yet many species are not or not yet exhibiting range changes associated with anthropogenic climate change. A potentially important non-climatic range-limiting factor is dispersal limitation. Recently, some researchers have concluded that dispersal limitation is likely as strong a range limiting factor as climate. One way to tackle the limits to generalization is to investigate range limiting factors and patterns of range shift for well-chosen taxa in a comparative fashion to glean general principles. My research uses a comparative approach to investigate patterns of post-glacial colonization, factors involved in geographic range limitation, and species responses to future climates using genetic techniques, a field experiment, and a chamber experiment, respectively. All studies were conducted on species associated with the Garry oak ecosystem in the Pacific Northwest of North America and focused on four plant taxa: Quercus garryana var. garryana, the flagship species of the Garry oak ecosystem, and three Lomatium species, L. dissectum var. dissectum, L. nudicaule, and L. utriculatum. An overall conclusion from this dissertation is that related, co-occurring species provide an appropriate comparison for determining species- and trait-based generalization. Lomatium chloroplast genetic data suggest that abundance is important in determining the ability of long-distance seed dispersal. The field experiment shows that dispersal limitation is currently important in determining range boundaries for species no matter their regional abundance. The field experiment also shows that closely related species may differ in their competitive abilities and responses to competitors/facilitators. My genetic survey on Q. garryana provides evidence that generalizations about range changes in oaks as a taxonomic group seem to be relatively universal, no matter the historical landscape conditions. The chamber experiment provides evidence that some responses to global change will be unpredictable, making certain generalizations difficult. Given these findings, humans may consider accelerating species migration through purposeful translocation outside species’ ranges to overcome dispersal barriers. Advisors/Committee Members: Jessica J. Hellmann, Committee Chair, David M. Lodge, Committee Member, Gary E. Belovsky, Committee Member, Jeanne Romero-Severson, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: dispersal limitation; elevated CO2; climate change; range limit; plant migration; species distribution; Lomatium; Quercus garryana

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Marsico, T. D. (2008). Post-glacial migration, limitations to poleward range expansion, and growth responses to future climates of plants in the Garry oak ecosystem</h1>. (Thesis). University of Notre Dame. Retrieved from https://curate.nd.edu/show/js956d5980f

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marsico, Travis David. “Post-glacial migration, limitations to poleward range expansion, and growth responses to future climates of plants in the Garry oak ecosystem</h1>.” 2008. Thesis, University of Notre Dame. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://curate.nd.edu/show/js956d5980f.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marsico, Travis David. “Post-glacial migration, limitations to poleward range expansion, and growth responses to future climates of plants in the Garry oak ecosystem</h1>.” 2008. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Marsico TD. Post-glacial migration, limitations to poleward range expansion, and growth responses to future climates of plants in the Garry oak ecosystem</h1>. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2008. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/js956d5980f.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Marsico TD. Post-glacial migration, limitations to poleward range expansion, and growth responses to future climates of plants in the Garry oak ecosystem</h1>. [Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2008. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/js956d5980f

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

17. Widenfalk, Lina. Springtails in space.

Degree: 2017, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

URL: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/13996/

► The relative influence of environmental conditions, biotic interactions and dispersal limitation for community structure and diversity patterns is a reoccurring theme in community ecology. In… (more)

▼ The relative influence of environmental conditions, biotic interactions and dispersal limitation for community structure and diversity patterns is a reoccurring theme in community ecology. In studies of soil fauna communities, small-scale horizontal and vertical variations in environmental variables and biotic interactions have often been disregarded, despite these being key factors to understanding the diversity of soil fauna communities. In this thesis I examined the spatial distribution patterns of springtail (Collembola) species and communities in three different ecosystems: a salt marsh, mature pine forests and a high Arctic tundra meadow. The different systems consisted of a, to the human eye, homogeneous habitat. Still, they had different regimes and small-scale heterogeneity in environmental variables. In the three first studies the focus was on species and trait composition and diversity, at scales from 10 cm to 300 km. In the fourth paper I question the use of species-level analyses of distribution patterns, as different age classes within a species might be structured by different factors. I found that when habitat conditions were kept as similar as possible, the pine forest Collembola communities had similar functional diversity, although there was a high species turnover both between samples within study sites and between sites. The functional similarity between samples was lower in the salt marsh habitat, a habitat characterized by frequent inundation events. The small-scale variation in species and trait composition was best explained by spatial variables in the stable mature pine forest floor, while in the dynamic salt marsh environmental variation was most important. Coexisting species showed a higher difference in traits than expected in the pine forest, while coexisting species were similar in traits in the salt marsh. This indicates that species interactions can have a large impact on the community composition of springtails at small spatial scales. Small-scale niche partitioning may be one explanation for the high local diversity observed in many soil communities. I found that incorporating species-specific trait information in studies greatly helps our understanding of the mechanisms structuring communities, despite the finding that in some species of collembolans different age classes may use space differently. To improve our understanding of Collembola communities both these factors should be considered in future studies.

Subjects/Keywords: collembola; soil fauna; ecosystems; habitats; population ecology; forest soils; marshland soils; species; biological properties; environmental factors; population structure; biodiversity; age classes; biotic interactions; Collembola; dispersal limitation; environmental filtering; intraspecific interactions; soil fauna; spatial analyses; traits

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Widenfalk, L. (2017). Springtails in space. (Doctoral Dissertation). Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Retrieved from https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/13996/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Widenfalk, Lina. “Springtails in space.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/13996/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Widenfalk, Lina. “Springtails in space.” 2017. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Widenfalk L. Springtails in space. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/13996/.

Council of Science Editors:

Widenfalk L. Springtails in space. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; 2017. Available from: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/13996/

Louisiana State University

18. Myers, Jonathan Andrew. Ecological assembly of high-diversity plant communities: dispersal, competition, and environmental filtering in longleaf pine savannas.

Degree: PhD, 2010, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-04132010-154654 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/85

► Ecological mechanisms proposed to explain community assembly and the maintenance of biodiversity are hypothesized to fall along a theoretical continuum bounded at one extreme by… (more)

▼ Ecological mechanisms proposed to explain community assembly and the maintenance of biodiversity are hypothesized to fall along a theoretical continuum bounded at one extreme by deterministic processes (“niche assembly”) and at the other extreme by stochastic processes (“dispersal assembly”). In this dissertation, I explore the idea that the position of ecological communities along the niche-dispersal assembly continuum is dynamic in space and time. Using field experiments in a high-diversity longleaf pine savanna, I test the general hypothesis that “ecological filters” (competition, disturbance, and resource availability) contribute to niche assembly through their effects on established plant species and recruitment from the species pool. Consistent with dispersal-assembly theory, I found that dispersal from the species pool strongly limited local species diversity regardless of the presence of these three niche-based ecological filters. Importantly, however, some ecological filters (e.g., space limitation in communities with low-intensity fire disturbance and establishment limitation imposed by drought and high-rainfall conditions) limited the extent to which community assembly was influenced by dispersal, suggesting ecological conditions that reduce stochastic community assembly in high-diversity communities. I examined the generality of these patterns by conducting a meta-analysis of >60 published experiments. I found that dispersal strongly limited species richness in a wide range of plant communities, but that dispersal had a stronger positive effect on species richness in more disturbed communities and when the species pool contained high species diversity and functional-trait diversity, supporting the hypothesis that community assembly reflects a dynamic interplay between species-pool diversity and local environmental heterogeneity. My results suggest a conceptual model for community assembly in high-diversity pine savannas, with implications for other species-rich plant communities. I propose that characteristics of high-diversity communities (large species pools and pervasive recruitment limitation in populations of many rare species) generally contribute to stochastic community assembly, but that niche-based ecological filtering of resident species and immigrating species can shift high-diversity communities towards more deterministic community assembly. This conceptual framework has broader implications for understanding the maintenance of biodiversity and species coexistence in communities of contrasting diversity and for conserving biodiversity in longleaf pine communities threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation, and environmental change.

Subjects/Keywords: species pool; species diversity; species coexistence; seed dispersal; species-rich community; meta-analysis; fire disturbance; dispersal assembly; community assembly; recruitment limitation; resource availability; biodiversity; niche assembly; plant species richness

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Myers, J. A. (2010). Ecological assembly of high-diversity plant communities: dispersal, competition, and environmental filtering in longleaf pine savannas. (Doctoral Dissertation). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-04132010-154654 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/85

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Myers, Jonathan Andrew. “Ecological assembly of high-diversity plant communities: dispersal, competition, and environmental filtering in longleaf pine savannas.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Louisiana State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. etd-04132010-154654 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/85.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Myers, Jonathan Andrew. “Ecological assembly of high-diversity plant communities: dispersal, competition, and environmental filtering in longleaf pine savannas.” 2010. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Myers JA. Ecological assembly of high-diversity plant communities: dispersal, competition, and environmental filtering in longleaf pine savannas. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2010. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: etd-04132010-154654 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/85.

Council of Science Editors:

Myers JA. Ecological assembly of high-diversity plant communities: dispersal, competition, and environmental filtering in longleaf pine savannas. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2010. Available from: etd-04132010-154654 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/85

19. Gross-Camp, Nicole D. Dispersion of large-seeded tree species by two forest primates: primate seed handling, microhabitat variability, and post-dispersal seed fate.

Degree: PhD, Antioch New England: Environmental Studies, 2009, Antioch University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1233073947

► I describe the relative effectiveness of two primates in dispersing large-seeded tree seeds (> 0.5 cm) in the Nyungwe National Park (NNP), Rwanda. My… (more)

▼ I describe the relative effectiveness of two primates in dispersing large-seeded tree seeds (> 0.5 cm) in the Nyungwe National Park (NNP), Rwanda. My objectives are three-fold: (1) to describe the relative effectiveness of primates in dispersing the seeds of five large-seeded tree species, (2) to evaluate the influence of primate seed-handling method on seed fate, and (3) to determine the influence of deposition site on seed fate. I employed focal tree observations, day-follows of habituated primate groups, in situ monitoring of primate-dispersed seeds, and experimental plots to achieve these objectives. Data were collected over the course of one year (April 2006 – April 2007). Frugivore assemblages dispersed the seeds of four of the five focal tree species. Chimpanzees and cercopithecines spent the most time in trees and had the largest group size. Large-bodied birds (LB) and chimpanzees dispersed the highest number of seeds per minute. LB and cercopithecines potentially disperse the greatest number of seeds for Ekebergia capensis, and chimpanzees for Syzygium guineense. My study highlights the complexities of determining a disperser’s effectiveness and suggests that large-bodied birds and primates are relatively important dispersers of large-seeded trees. Primates deposit seeds most often in open forest where seeds experience the highest establishment. In addition primates deposit seeds in five habitats that are likely dispersal-limited suggesting that primates contribute to the regeneration processes of otherwise dispersal-limited areas. My results suggest that the former emphasis of seed dispersal studies on defecations is not representative and should be expanded to include orally-discarded seeds. Furthermore my study highlights that primates do not deposit seeds randomly and that the characteristics of the deposition site are a reflection of primate seed handling. I found no relationship between the top five fruiting tree species found in chimpanzee feces and fruit availability suggesting that chimpanzees do not choose fruits solely based on their availability. In contrast the wadged fruits of Syzygium guineense are positively correlated to fruit availability. A closer examination of the relationship between chimpanzees and S. guineense may provide insight into potential repercussions on the regeneration of S. guineense if the chimpanzee were to be extirpated. I compare the relationship of seed presence in the NNP chimpanzees’ feces and wadges and forest-wide fruit availability with two other chimpanzee communities in the Albertine Rift. Finally I organized a workshop for educators living in communities on the NNP’s periphery in an effort to disseminate my results to a broader community. Pre- and post-workshop questionnaires completed by workshop participants suggest that this kind of interaction between researchers, management authorities and local peoples helps to build trust as well as identify areas where sensitization of the population may be needed. Advisors/Committee Members: Kaplin, Beth (Committee Chair), Lambert, Joanna (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Animals; Biology; Ecology; Education; Teacher Education; primate; seed dispersal; Albertine Rift; Rwanda; frugivory; chimpanzee; lhoest's; Africa; seed fate; community outreach; education outreach; Syzygium; Parinari; wadge; focal tree; seed handling; dispersal limitation; frugivore assemblage; Cercopithecus

…mechanisms driving vegetation patterns, namely recruitment limitation, including dispersal and… …Muller-Landau et al. 2002; Schupp et al. 2002). Dispersal limitation is broadly defined as… …2002; Schupp et al. 2002). Dispersal limitation may arise 2 as a consequence of… …otherwise dispersal-limited areas. My results suggest that the former emphasis of seed dispersal… …Chapter 1: Comparing the dispersal of large-seeded tree species by frugivore assemblages in…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gross-Camp, N. D. (2009). Dispersion of large-seeded tree species by two forest primates: primate seed handling, microhabitat variability, and post-dispersal seed fate. (Doctoral Dissertation). Antioch University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1233073947

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gross-Camp, Nicole D. “Dispersion of large-seeded tree species by two forest primates: primate seed handling, microhabitat variability, and post-dispersal seed fate.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Antioch University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1233073947.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gross-Camp, Nicole D. “Dispersion of large-seeded tree species by two forest primates: primate seed handling, microhabitat variability, and post-dispersal seed fate.” 2009. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Gross-Camp ND. Dispersion of large-seeded tree species by two forest primates: primate seed handling, microhabitat variability, and post-dispersal seed fate. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Antioch University; 2009. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1233073947.

Council of Science Editors:

Gross-Camp ND. Dispersion of large-seeded tree species by two forest primates: primate seed handling, microhabitat variability, and post-dispersal seed fate. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Antioch University; 2009. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1233073947

Lincoln University

20. Berry, Christopher J. J. Post-dispersal seed predation in a conifer-broadleaf forest remnant : the importance of exotic mammals.

Degree: 2006, Lincoln University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/666

► Despite extensive international acceptance of the critical role of mammalian post-dispersal seed predation in many plant communities, in New Zealand we have limited knowledge of… (more)

▼ Despite extensive international acceptance of the critical role of mammalian post-dispersal seed predation in many plant communities, in New Zealand we have limited knowledge of these predators’ influence on plant recruitment in our forests. The principle objective of my thesis was to determine the importance of exotic mammals as post-dispersal seed predators in a New Zealand conifer-broadleaf forest remnant. To address this goal, I used a series of field-based experiments where the actions of different post-dispersal seed predators were separated by wire-mesh exclosures. My study was conducted at Mount Peel Forest Park Scenic Reserve, South Canterbury, New Zealand. Being a human modified conifer forest currently dominated by broadleaf species, it is typical of forest remnants in New Zealand. This presented an opportunity to study a wide range of both potential post-dispersal seed predators and broadleaf tree species. My findings indicate that exotic mammals are not only post-dispersal seed predators at Peel Forest, but are responsible for the majority of post-dispersal predation events observed. Ship rats (Rattus rattus) were the dominant post-dispersal seed predators, while brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula), house mice (Mus musculus) and native invertebrates were also important post-dispersal seed predators for several tree species. Through use of time-lapse video and cafeteria experiments I found that exotic mammalian seed predators, when compared to native invertebrate seed predators, preyed upon larger-seeded plant species and were responsible for considerable seed losses of several tree species. However, exotic mammalian seed predators do share several foraging characteristics with native invertebrate seed predators, as predators foraged in similar habitats and responded in a similar way to changes in seed density. In investigating if post-dispersal seed predation by mammals had a flow-on effect to plant recruitment, I observed natural seedling densities at Peel Forest were significantly higher in the absence of mammalian seed predators, but I found no evidence that the presence of mammals significantly altered the overall species richness. At the community level, I did not find an interaction between habitat and exotic mammals, however I present evidence that for individual plant species a significant mammal : habitat interaction occurred. Consequently, even though my cafeteria experiment implied there was no significant difference in the overall amount of seed preyed upon within different habitats, the less favourable microsite conditions for germination under an intact continuous canopy allows mammals to exacerbate habitat-related patterns of seed mortality and have a noticeable effect on seedling establishment. In an effort to validate the use of manipulative experiments to predict the long-term effect of post-dispersal seed predation on plant dynamics, I attempted to link results of my cafeteria experiment with observed seedling abundance at Peel Forest. Seven tree species were used in this…

Subjects/Keywords: post-dispersal seed predation; seedling establishment; recruitment limitation; cafeteria experiment; seed addition; time-lapse video analysis; exotic mammals; seed traits; conifer-broadleaf forest; Rattus rattus; Mus musculus; Trichosurus vulpecula; Fields of Research::270000 Biological Sciences::270700 Ecology and Evolution::270703 Terrestrial ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Berry, C. J. J. (2006). Post-dispersal seed predation in a conifer-broadleaf forest remnant : the importance of exotic mammals. (Thesis). Lincoln University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10182/666

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Berry, Christopher J J. “Post-dispersal seed predation in a conifer-broadleaf forest remnant : the importance of exotic mammals.” 2006. Thesis, Lincoln University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/666.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Berry, Christopher J J. “Post-dispersal seed predation in a conifer-broadleaf forest remnant : the importance of exotic mammals.” 2006. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Berry CJJ. Post-dispersal seed predation in a conifer-broadleaf forest remnant : the importance of exotic mammals. [Internet] [Thesis]. Lincoln University; 2006. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/666.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Berry CJJ. Post-dispersal seed predation in a conifer-broadleaf forest remnant : the importance of exotic mammals. [Thesis]. Lincoln University; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/666

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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