You searched for subject:(DTI).
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Wake Forest University
1.
Taylor, Brandi Camille.
EXPLORING GROUP DIFFERENCES IN WHITE MATTER HEALTH IN OLDER ADULT FALLERS AND NON-FALLERS WITH MCI.
Degree: 2020, Wake Forest University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10339/96852 
► Older individuals with MCI experience increased fall risk. However, the precise mechanism behind this increased fall risk remains unknown. Current literature suggests that increased fall…
(more)
▼ Older individuals with MCI experience increased fall risk. However, the precise mechanism behind this increased fall risk remains unknown. Current literature suggests that increased fall risk may be the result of impaired balance and gait. Abnormalities in microstructural integrity of white matter may contribute to impaired balance and gait. This is the first study to utilize the NODDI technique to explore group differences in white matter health in older adult with MCI who were classified as fallers and non-fallers. Baseline data from 56 participants within the ongoing IMOVE study was used to explore group differences. NODDI derived NDI and ODI values were calculated from diffusion data from 39 participants.
Subjects/Keywords: DTI
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APA (6th Edition):
Taylor, B. C. (2020). EXPLORING GROUP DIFFERENCES IN WHITE MATTER HEALTH IN OLDER ADULT FALLERS AND NON-FALLERS WITH MCI. (Thesis). Wake Forest University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10339/96852
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Taylor, Brandi Camille. “EXPLORING GROUP DIFFERENCES IN WHITE MATTER HEALTH IN OLDER ADULT FALLERS AND NON-FALLERS WITH MCI.” 2020. Thesis, Wake Forest University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10339/96852.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Taylor, Brandi Camille. “EXPLORING GROUP DIFFERENCES IN WHITE MATTER HEALTH IN OLDER ADULT FALLERS AND NON-FALLERS WITH MCI.” 2020. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Taylor BC. EXPLORING GROUP DIFFERENCES IN WHITE MATTER HEALTH IN OLDER ADULT FALLERS AND NON-FALLERS WITH MCI. [Internet] [Thesis]. Wake Forest University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10339/96852.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Taylor BC. EXPLORING GROUP DIFFERENCES IN WHITE MATTER HEALTH IN OLDER ADULT FALLERS AND NON-FALLERS WITH MCI. [Thesis]. Wake Forest University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10339/96852
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Alberta
2.
Baron, Corey A.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field.
Degree: PhD, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2014, University of Alberta
URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cth83kz454
► Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) measures the diffusion (i.e. random molecular motion) of water. Since the motion of water is inhibited by cellular membranes, dMRI…
(more)
▼ Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) measures
the diffusion (i.e. random molecular motion) of water. Since the
motion of water is inhibited by cellular membranes, dMRI provides
insight into the microstructural characteristics of the tissue.
However, distinguishing between small anatomical subdivisions can
be difficult due to dMRI methods having an inherently low
resolution. Increasing the resolution necessarily reduces the
signal-to-noise ratio, and to compensate for this a higher static
magnetic field and larger diffusion gradients can be utilized. In
addition, there are newly emerging dMRI techniques that have not
been successfully implemented in the human brain due to
insufficient signal and gradient strengths on clinical MRI systems.
However, increasing these parameters introduces new challenges. The
goal of this thesis was to address the challenges of performing
dMRI with a stronger magnetic field and gradients, and then to use
the extra signal for higher resolution and to enable new techniques
that require more signal. To do this, a 4.7 T human MRI system with
60 mT/m gradients was utilized, which is a three times stronger
field and 50% larger gradients compared to typical clinical
scanners. Approximately half of the thesis work involved solving
challenges at high field or gradient strengths, while the remainder
involved applications enabled by the high strength MRI system. The
first challenge investigated was a previously undocumented issue
for dMRI introduced by strong gradients, concomitant gradient
fields. Errors introduced by these concomitant fields was found to
be considerable in certain cases, and techniques to mitigate them
were explored. Another challenge involved developing robust methods
to perform parallel imaging, which is a technique used to prevent
distortions that worsen at higher field strengths. A final
challenge investigated was errors introduced by the unwanted signal
that stems from cerebrospinal fluid. Traditional approaches to
mitigate the error do not translate well to high field, and an
alternative method was sought and characterized. A potential
application of the high strength MRI system involves the probing of
different tissue microstructure length scales. Typical dMRI
techniques are only sensitive to length scales longer than typical
microstructural dimensions because of a long "diffusion time".
However, the newly developed oscillating gradient spin-echo (OGSE)
technique is more sensitive to smaller length scales because it can
achieve much shorter diffusion times, which may give new insight
into healthy development or disease. Accordingly, OGSE was used to
investigate the microstructural length scale dependence of dMRI as
a function of diffusion direction for the first time in healthy
subjects and in patients with stroke. The former subject group was
required to better understand the healthy brain and provide a
reference point for comparison with disease. The latter cohort of
subjects helps to elucidate the underpinnings of why standard dMRI
is sensitive to stroke, which…
Subjects/Keywords: diffusion; MRI; high field; DTI
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APA (6th Edition):
Baron, C. A. (2014). Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cth83kz454
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Baron, Corey A. “Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cth83kz454.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Baron, Corey A. “Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field.” 2014. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Baron CA. Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cth83kz454.
Council of Science Editors:
Baron CA. Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cth83kz454
Vanderbilt University
3.
Fan, Qiuyun.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities.
Degree: MS, Biomedical Engineering, 2011, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11518
► This study demonstrated the relationship between brain connectivity and children’s reading abilities. For the behavioral part, the participants received proper reading interventions based on their…
(more)
▼ This study demonstrated the relationship between brain connectivity and children’s reading abilities. For the behavioral part, the participants received proper reading interventions based on their responsiveness, and the standardized behavioral tests were administered throughout the process. For the imaging part, both T1-weighted images and diffusion weighted images were acquired. Nine cortical regions in each brain hemisphere were identified as regions of interest (ROI). The probabilistic streamlines connecting each pairing of the nine regions were calculated and used to estimate brain connectivity. The estimates were then used to correlate with children’s reading measures. Eight significant correlations were found, four of which were connections between the insular cortex and angular gyrus. The results are suggestive of a key role of connection between insular cortex and angular gyrus in mediating reading behavior. In spite of the limited sample size, the redundancy in the spread of group clusters is indicative of a relation between brain connectivity and children’s responsiveness to intervention.
Advisors/Committee Members: Laurie E. Cutting (committee member), Adam W. Anderson (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: DTI; brain connectivity; reading
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APA (6th Edition):
Fan, Q. (2011). Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11518
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fan, Qiuyun. “Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities.” 2011. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11518.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fan, Qiuyun. “Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities.” 2011. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Fan Q. Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11518.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Fan Q. Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11518
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Harvard University
4.
Hathout, Leith.
Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment.
Degree: Doctor of Medicine, 2018, Harvard University
URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41973526
► PURPOSE: Glioblastoma is a devastating disease with generally poor prognosis despite multimodal therapy. However, there is significant variability in individual patient outcomes. Thus, the goal…
(more)
▼ PURPOSE: Glioblastoma is a devastating disease with generally poor prognosis despite multimodal therapy. However, there is significant variability in individual patient outcomes. Thus, the goal of the current work is to use mathematical modeling in combination with serial MR imaging to personalize prognostication on a patient-by-patient level and to help develop individualized, optimized therapy.
METHODS: Mathematical modeling was done using a reaction-diffusion partial differential equation to account for glioblastoma cell diffusion as well as proliferation. To individualize the model for each patient, tumor-specific diffusion and proliferation parameters can be derived for each patient using contrast-enhanced T1 and T2 MR imaging from as few as two days. Subsequent projects, as detailed in the attached publications, focused on either (1) improving the accuracy of the model or (2) exploring applications of the model. With regards to improving the model’s accuracy, 3D-DTI data was incorporated to model anisotropic tumor growth in 3 dimensions. Additionally, the model was extended to incorporate the effect of tumor cell necrosis, which is an important component of glioblastoma growth and progression. With regards to applications, the model was used to describe the tumor cell concentration gradient beyond imaging boundaries, optimization of radiation therapy using the technique of genetic algorithms, and evaluation of the effect of the extent of surgical resection on patient survival.
RESULTS: There were several important results from this work, as detailed in the attached publications. Incorporation of 3D-DTI data was qualitatively demonstrated to more accurately reproduce tumor growth and response to radiation therapy than the more traditional, one-dimensional tumor model. Additionally, the current work demonstrated the ability to utilize initial tumor location as a personalized parameter in addition to the tumor-specific diffusion and proliferation parameters used in the model. The incorporation of necrosis into the 3D-DTI model was qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrated to reproduce tumor morphology more accurately than one-dimensional, isotropic tumor growth model as well as the 3D model without necrosis. With regards to model applications, it was found that tumors of the same size on MR imaging may have significantly different tumor cell concentration gradients below the threshold of imaging detection. Specifically, tumors with higher diffusion:proliferation ratios were found to have a greater amount of subthreshold disease burden and a greater spatial extent of tumor cells throughout the brain. The current work also demonstrated that the extent of resection required to improve patient outcomes depends on the tumor-specific proliferation coefficient.
CONCLUSIONS: The combination of mathematical modeling and serial MR imaging contributes to a more complete understanding of glioblastoma growth and response to treatments including surgical resection and radiation therapy. The ability to personalize the…
Subjects/Keywords: Glioblastoma; Modeling; Mathematics; MRI; DTI
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APA (6th Edition):
Hathout, L. (2018). Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment. (Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41973526
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hathout, Leith. “Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41973526.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hathout, Leith. “Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Hathout L. Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Harvard University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41973526.
Council of Science Editors:
Hathout L. Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Harvard University; 2018. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41973526
University of Melbourne
5.
Akhlaghi, Hamed.
Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia.
Degree: 2011, University of Melbourne
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36599
► Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is caused by mutations in the FXN gene leading to inadequate expression of the protein frataxin. In addition to proximal spinal cord…
(more)
▼ Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is caused by mutations in the FXN gene leading to inadequate expression of the protein frataxin. In addition to proximal spinal cord and brain stem atrophy in the early stages of FRDA, mild to moderate atrophy of the cerebellum has been reported in advanced FRDA. Despite recent advancements of neuroimaging in assessment of progression and severity of neurodegenerative diseases as well as utilisation as a biomarker tool, the neuroimaging studies on FRDA are scarce. In this PhD project, I used multi-modal MRI techniques including volumetric, micro-structural and functional methods to investigate in vivo characteristics and changes in FRDA.
Subjects/Keywords: Friedreich Ataxia; MRI; DTI; fMRI
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APA (6th Edition):
Akhlaghi, H. (2011). Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36599
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Akhlaghi, Hamed. “Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36599.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Akhlaghi, Hamed. “Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia.” 2011. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Akhlaghi H. Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36599.
Council of Science Editors:
Akhlaghi H. Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36599
York University
6.
Jih, Weipeng.
Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates.
Degree: MA -MA, Psychology(Functional Area: Developmental Science), 2018, York University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/35598
► We investigate whether adolescents and adults differ in their use of common cognitive processes in solving insight problems. We also investigate whether performance on insight…
(more)
▼ We investigate whether adolescents and adults differ in their use of common cognitive processes in solving insight problems. We also investigate whether performance on insight problems is associated with brain structure, and whether these insight-structure associations are distinct or consistent across the two age groups. Common cognitive processes (operationalized by IQ scores) showed a positive trending correlation with insight (operationalized by accuracy in solving verbal riddles) in adults, but not in adolescents. However, these correlations were not significantly different. Thus, we failed to find a cognitive difference between adolescents and adults with regard to insight problem solving. Voxel based morphometry revealed that insight and gray matter volume are related in both age groups. Tract-based spatial statistics revealed that insight and fractional anisotropy values are related in adults. We could not determine whether insight-structure relationships are age-unique or age-consistent.
Advisors/Committee Members: Goel, Vinod (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Psychology; Insight; Creativity; VBM; DTI
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APA (6th Edition):
Jih, W. (2018). Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates. (Masters Thesis). York University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10315/35598
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jih, Weipeng. “Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates.” 2018. Masters Thesis, York University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10315/35598.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jih, Weipeng. “Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Jih W. Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. York University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/35598.
Council of Science Editors:
Jih W. Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates. [Masters Thesis]. York University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/35598
7.
Menant, Ophélie.
Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions.
Degree: Docteur es, Sciences de la vie et de la santé, spécialité Neurosciences, 2017, Université François-Rabelais de Tours
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4027
► La substance grise périaqueducale (PAG) est une région cérébrale impliquée dans l’expression des réponses émotionnelles chez les mammifères et est décrite comme la structure de…
(more)
▼ La substance grise périaqueducale (PAG) est une région cérébrale impliquée dans l’expression des réponses émotionnelles chez les mammifères et est décrite comme la structure de la stratégie d’adaptation comportementale (coping style) chez le rat et le chat. La PAG est composée de plusieurs subdivisions qui se distinguent par des spécificités fonctionnelles et anatomiques. En particulier, elles présentent des spécificités de connexions avec le reste du cerveau. Afin d’examiner la place de la PAG dans le circuit neuronal des émotions chez le mouton, animal grégaire, nous avons décrit les connexions de la PAG par traçage de voies et tractographie par imagerie par résonance magnétique de diffusion. Nous avons ainsi montré que la PAG ovine est composée de subdivisions qui ont des connexions avec des structures cérébrales impliquées dans les émotions. Ces résultats, cohérents avec ceux obtenus chez d’autres mammifères, placent la PAG dans le circuit neuronal des émotions. Notre étude montre également que l’organisation des connexions de la PAG ovine est d’avantage similaire à celles décrites chez des espèces sociales qu’à celles décrites chez des espèces territoriales et/ou prédatrices. Suite aux connaissances acquises dans ces études, nous pouvons maintenant initier des études fonctionnelles et ainsi confirmer le rôle de la PAG ovine dans les processus émotionnels.
The periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) is a brain region involved in the expression of emotional responses in mammals and is described as the structure of the coping style of behaviours in rats and cats. The PAG is composed of several subdivisions that are distinguished by functional and anatomical specificities. Particularly, they have connections specificities with the rest of the brain. In order to examine the place of the PAG in the neuronal circuit of emotions in sheep, a gregarious species, we described the PAG connections using neuronal tracer and tractography by diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. In this way, we have shown that the sheep PAG is composed of subdivisions which have connections with brain structures involved in emotions. These results, consistent with those obtained in other mammals, place PAG in the neuronal circuit of emotions. Our study also shows that the organization of the sheep PAG connections is more similar to those described in social species than those described in territorial and/or predatory species. Following the knowledge obtained in these studies, now we can initiate functional studies and thus confirm the role of the sheep PAG in emotional processes.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chaillou, Elodie (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Afférences; Efférences; DTI; Coping style; Afferences; Efferences; DTI; Coping style
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Menant, O. (2017). Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université François-Rabelais de Tours. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4027
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Menant, Ophélie. “Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Université François-Rabelais de Tours. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4027.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Menant, Ophélie. “Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions.” 2017. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Menant O. Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université François-Rabelais de Tours; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4027.
Council of Science Editors:
Menant O. Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université François-Rabelais de Tours; 2017. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4027
University of Alberta
8.
Shafer, Andrea T.
Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in
Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology.
Degree: PhD, Centre for Neuroscience, 2015, University of Alberta
URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d570054t
► The current dissertation implemented two large studies involving brain imaging and behavioral methods to expand our current understanding of the impact of emotion on cognition.…
(more)
▼ The current dissertation implemented two large studies
involving brain imaging and behavioral methods to expand our
current understanding of the impact of emotion on cognition. Study
one focused on the immediate and long-term impact of emotion on
cognition in healthy functioning. Study two focused on identifying
alterations in emotional and cognitive processing related to
adolescent psychopathology. In Study one, functional magnetic
resonance imaging (fMRI) was implemented in conjunction with; (I-i)
an attentional capture paradigm containing different levels of
emotional and cognitive challenge, (I-ii) the subsequent memory
paradigm where memory for stimuli with different levels of
emotional challenge from the attentional capture paradigm were
examined, and (I-iii) another subsequent memory paradigm where
memory for lure items used in the first subsequent memory paradigm
were examined. The structure of this study allowed for the
investigation of; (I-i) two competing theories of how emotion and
attention interact, (I-ii) factors linking the immediate impact of
emotional distraction on goal-oriented task performance and its
long-term impact on memory, and (I-iii) brain activity linked to
different memory operations occurring during the retrieval of
emotional memories. Data were collected on healthy, young adults
aged 18 to 35 years. Findings from study one provided novel
insights and significant contributions to the cognitive
neuroscience of emotion and emotional memory by; (I-i) reconciling
two competing theories on the interaction between emotion and
attention by taking into consideration the amount of both the
emotional and cognitive challenge present, (I-ii) identifying that
automatic mechanisms are critical in forming a direct relationship
with the immediate impairing and long-term enhancing impact of
emotion on cognition, and (I-iii) showing medial temporal lobe
activity related to the memory-enhancing effect of emotion at
retrieval could be delineated and linked to disparate memory
operations (i.e., encoding and retrieval) that both occur during
retrieval. In study two, a multi-modal imaging approach was
implemented to investigate differences in emotional and cognitive
processing in adolescents with Axis-I affective-, attentional- and
behavioral-based psychiatric disorders. More specifically, in study
two changes in the brain associated with adolescent psychopathology
were examined by; (II-i) implementing a modified emotional oddball
paradigm in conjunction with electroencephalogram recordings and
event-related potential (ERP) analyses to assess differences in
emotional response and in the emotional modulation of cognition,
(II-ii) implementing a modified emotional oddball paradigm in
conjunction with fMRI and whole-brain regional as well as
network-based analyses to assess differences in executive processes
important for response inhibition, and (II-iii) diffusion tensor
imaging (DTI) and whole-brain voxel based analyses to assess
differences in white matter microstructure. Data were collected on
20 healthy and…
Subjects/Keywords: Mental Health; Emotion; fMRI; DTI; Cognition; ERP
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APA (6th Edition):
Shafer, A. T. (2015). Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in
Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d570054t
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shafer, Andrea T. “Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in
Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d570054t.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shafer, Andrea T. “Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in
Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology.” 2015. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Shafer AT. Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in
Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d570054t.
Council of Science Editors:
Shafer AT. Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in
Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2015. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d570054t
Penn State University
9.
Roman, Cristina Flores-almeida.
Processing Speed Performance Predicts Structural Brain Indices in Multiple Sclerosis a Decade Later.
Degree: 2016, Penn State University
URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/28664
► Processing speed is one of the most commonly found cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis. Sclerotic lesions, brain atrophy, and white matter damage have been identified…
(more)
▼ Processing speed is one of the most commonly found cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis. Sclerotic lesions, brain atrophy, and white matter damage have been identified as neuropathological consequences of MS, and have been linked to deficits in processing speed. The ability of processing speed performance to predict structural brain damage is still unclear, however. The purpose of the present study is to explore how dysfunction in processing speed, as measured by the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and Symbol Copy test, might predict structural brain damage (i.e., lesions, atrophy, white matter damage) a decade later. Results indicate that the SDMT and Symbol Copy tests predict lesion volume, brain atrophy, and white matter damage 10 years later. Future research should aim to replicate these findings and investigate how processing speed performance may also predict functional neural correlates.
Advisors/Committee Members: Peter Andrew Arnett, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor, Jose Angel Soto, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor, K Suzanne Scherf, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor.
Subjects/Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis; Lesions; Atrophy; DTI; Processing Speed
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APA (6th Edition):
Roman, C. F. (2016). Processing Speed Performance Predicts Structural Brain Indices in Multiple Sclerosis a Decade Later. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/28664
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Roman, Cristina Flores-almeida. “Processing Speed Performance Predicts Structural Brain Indices in Multiple Sclerosis a Decade Later.” 2016. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/28664.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Roman, Cristina Flores-almeida. “Processing Speed Performance Predicts Structural Brain Indices in Multiple Sclerosis a Decade Later.” 2016. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Roman CF. Processing Speed Performance Predicts Structural Brain Indices in Multiple Sclerosis a Decade Later. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/28664.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Roman CF. Processing Speed Performance Predicts Structural Brain Indices in Multiple Sclerosis a Decade Later. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2016. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/28664
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Leiden University
10.
Vesseur, Luna.
Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study.
Degree: 2016, Leiden University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/44591
Subjects/Keywords: DTI; ostracism; stress
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APA (6th Edition):
Vesseur, L. (2016). Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/44591
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Vesseur, Luna. “Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1887/44591.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Vesseur, Luna. “Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study.” 2016. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Vesseur L. Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/44591.
Council of Science Editors:
Vesseur L. Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/44591
Brigham Young University
11.
Doxey, Christopher Robert.
A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation.
Degree: PhD, 2016, Brigham Young University
URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7205&context=etd
► Effective memory representations must be specific to prevent interference between episodes that may overlap in terms of place, time, or items present. Pattern separation, a…
(more)
▼ Effective memory representations must be specific to prevent interference between episodes that may overlap in terms of place, time, or items present. Pattern separation, a computational process performed by the hippocampus overcomes this interference by establishing non-overlapping memory representations. This project explores pattern separation and how it is impacted by age and sleep. Experiment 1. Structures of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) are known to be involved in declarative memory processes. However, little is known about how age-related changes in MTL structures, white matter integrity, and functional connectivity affect pattern separation processes in the MTL. In the present study, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the volumes of MTL regions of interest, including hippocampal subfields (dentate gyrus, CA3, CA1, and subiculum) in healthy older and younger adults. Additionally, we used diffusion tensor imaging to measure white matter integrity for both groups. Finally, we used functional MRI to acquire resting functional connectivity measures for both groups. We show that, along with age, the volume of left CA3/dentate gyrus predicts memory performance. Differences in fractional anisotropy and the strength of resting functional connections between the hippocampus and other cortical structures implicated in memory processing were not significant predictors of performance. As previous studies have only hinted, it seems that the size of left CA3/dentate gyrus contributes more to successful discrimination between similar mnemonic representations than other hippocampal sub-fields, MTL structures, and other neuroimaging correlates. Accordingly, the implications of aging and atrophy on lure discrimination capacities are discussed. Experiment 2. Although it is widely accepted that declarative memories are consolidated during sleep, the effects of sleep on pattern separation have yet to be elucidated. We used whole-brain, high-resolution functional neuroimaging to investigate the effects of sleep on a task that places high demands on pattern separation. Sleep had a selective effect on memory specificity and not general recognition memory. Activity in brain regions related to attention, visual acuity, and visual recall demonstrated an interaction between sleep and delay. Surprisingly, there was no effect of sleep on hippocampal activity using a group-level analysis. To further understand the role of the hippocampus on our task, we performed a representational similarity analysis. We investigated whether hippocampal activity associated with looking at novel stimuli correlated more with similar-looking (lure) stimuli or repeated stimuli. Results indicate that while a single night's sleep does not significantly impact hippocampal responses, the hippocampus does treat lure stimuli similarly as it does novel stimuli.
Subjects/Keywords: pattern separation; sleep; hippocampus; fMRI; DTI; Physiology
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APA (6th Edition):
Doxey, C. R. (2016). A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7205&context=etd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Doxey, Christopher Robert. “A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Brigham Young University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7205&context=etd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Doxey, Christopher Robert. “A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation.” 2016. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Doxey CR. A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7205&context=etd.
Council of Science Editors:
Doxey CR. A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2016. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7205&context=etd
University of California – Riverside
12.
Nishioka, Christopher Arata.
Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease.
Degree: Neuroscience, 2018, University of California – Riverside
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4r51p6r6
► This dissertation seeks to clarify links between non-invasive radiological and optical biomarkers, neuropathology and neurodegeneration within axon tracts during neurodegenerative disease, with focus on Alzheimer's…
(more)
▼ This dissertation seeks to clarify links between non-invasive radiological and optical biomarkers, neuropathology and neurodegeneration within axon tracts during neurodegenerative disease, with focus on Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Data contained in these studies were gathered from a variety of different model systems with different modes of neurodegeneration relevant to human clinical findings. Our studies utilized the visual system to model the axonal degeneration process and evaluate biomarkers of axon tract injury. First, a comprehensive analysis of visual system white matter integrity was performed in AD, MCI and control patients, using diffusion tensor images (DTIs) drawn from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Our findings establish the visual system as a white matter pathway affected during AD. Next, we used a retinal ischemia model to characterize spatiotemporal patterns of axonal degeneration in the visual system by DTI in Wallerian Degeneration Slow mice. Our results reveal an ability to identify propagating anterograde degeneration along the optic nerve and tract. Next, we used a Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis model to simulate retrograde axonal degeneration in the visual system and characterize the longitudinal relationship between DTI-measured axon loss and optical coherence tomography measured retinal thinning. Our data clarify the relationship between the biomarkers, and establish the correlation between each and magnitudes of axon loss. Next, we evaluated whether axonal transport function, a key putative factor in AD-related axonal degeneration could be related to DTI properties in the p301L tau transgenic model using Manganese-enhanced MRI. Our data expose a novel connection between restricted diffusion in the ON and compromised axonal transport function. Lastly, we tested whether retrograde axonal degeneration could be triggered by Aβ-induced tau pathology. Our results reveal a temporal pattern of damage that appears to emanate from the presyanpse toward cell bodies, and result in loss of white matter integrity in a manner similar to what is observed in humans during AD. Additionally, our experiments reveal the critical role of initial Aβ-induced tau phosphorylation, and imply that blocking this step by microtubule-stabilizing compounds may prevent downstream axon and cell loss. This process may be integral to understand the widespread white matter damage observed in Alzheimer's Disease.
Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Alzheimer's Disease; Axonal Degeneration; DTI
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APA (6th Edition):
Nishioka, C. A. (2018). Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4r51p6r6
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nishioka, Christopher Arata. “Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease.” 2018. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4r51p6r6.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nishioka, Christopher Arata. “Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Nishioka CA. Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4r51p6r6.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Nishioka CA. Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2018. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4r51p6r6
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Houston
13.
Arrington, Nikki.
White Matter Microstructure in Relation to Reading Proficiency and Behavioral Inattention.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, Developmental, 2015, University of Houston
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/5468
► Components of reading proficiency such as accuracy, fluency, and comprehension require the successful coordination of numerous, yet distinct, cortical regions. Underlying white matter tracts such…
(more)
▼ Components of reading proficiency such as accuracy, fluency, and comprehension require the successful coordination of numerous, yet distinct, cortical regions. Underlying white matter tracts such as the arcuate fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipito fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus allow for the communication among these regions. This study utilized unique full tract versus residualized tract–based spatial statistics methodology to identify the relations of white matter microstructure integrity to word reading proficiency, as well as behavioral inattention, in poor readers and typical school-aged readers. I hypothesized that white matter integrity would be differentially related to behavioral inattention and reading proficiency in poor versus typical readers, with increased integrity positively associated with increased reading proficiency and negatively associated with behavioral inattention. Results indicated measures of white matter integrity were differentially associated with reading proficiency and behavioral inattention. The right arcuate was positively correlated with accuracy and fluency in typical readers. Comprehension was negatively correlated with left uncinate. Reading accuracy was negatively correlated with right inferior longitudinal and bilateral arcuate in poor readers. Comprehension and fluency were positively correlated with left inferior longitudinal and right uncinate, respectively. Behavioral inattention was positively correlated with right inferior fronto-occipito and uncinate in typical readers. These findings expand our knowledge of the association between white matter integrity and different elements of reading proficiency and behavioral inattention.
Advisors/Committee Members: Fletcher, Jack M. (advisor), Cirino, Paul T. (committee member), Yoshida, Hanako (committee member), Juranek, Jenifer (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Reading proficiency; Behavioral inattention; White matter; DTI
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APA (6th Edition):
Arrington, N. (2015). White Matter Microstructure in Relation to Reading Proficiency and Behavioral Inattention. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Houston. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10657/5468
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Arrington, Nikki. “White Matter Microstructure in Relation to Reading Proficiency and Behavioral Inattention.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Houston. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10657/5468.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Arrington, Nikki. “White Matter Microstructure in Relation to Reading Proficiency and Behavioral Inattention.” 2015. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Arrington N. White Matter Microstructure in Relation to Reading Proficiency and Behavioral Inattention. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Houston; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/5468.
Council of Science Editors:
Arrington N. White Matter Microstructure in Relation to Reading Proficiency and Behavioral Inattention. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Houston; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/5468
University of Cambridge
14.
Veenith, Tonny V.
Energy failure following traumatic brain injury : potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia.
Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Cambridge
URL: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.47974
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794655
► Cerebral ischaemia is a frequent finding in post mortem studies following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but clinical studies using 15oxygen positron emission tomography (15O PET)…
(more)
▼ Cerebral ischaemia is a frequent finding in post mortem studies following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but clinical studies using 15oxygen positron emission tomography (15O PET) suggest that classical ischaemia is uncommon beyond the first 24 hours after injury. Evidence of metabolic failure in the absence of classical ischaemia may represent ongoing neuronal dysfunction and progressive neuronal loss. Any therapeutic intervention that mitigates such metabolic derangements before they result in irreversible neuronal injury may improve tissue fate and improve the functional outcome for patients. Energy failure was spatially defined, characterised, and mapped using 15O and 18Fluoromisinidazole ([18F] FMISO) positron emission tomography. This enabled differentiation of classical ischaemia, diffusion hypoxia, and established infarction, and provided data on the dominant local mechanism at any given time after TBI. My thesis also aimed to examine the utility of diffusion tensor imaging and whole-brain proton MR spectroscopy (WB 1H MRS) as imaging biomarkers to investigate normobaric hyperoxia as a therapeutic option following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Using ([18F] FMISO PET evidence of tissue hypoxia consistent with microvascular ischaemia was found across the injured brain. The impact of normobaric hyperoxia (NBH) was examined in a clinical TBI cohort using diffusion tensor imaging and WB 1H MRS. Some evidence of benefit was found within the perilesional brain, but further studies should examine the value of a longer period of exposure to NBH and whether this has implications for functional outcome.
Subjects/Keywords: Traumatic Brain Injury; Neurotrauma; Proton Spectroscopy; DTI
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APA (6th Edition):
Veenith, T. V. (2020). Energy failure following traumatic brain injury : potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.47974 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794655
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Veenith, Tonny V. “Energy failure following traumatic brain injury : potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.47974 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794655.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Veenith, Tonny V. “Energy failure following traumatic brain injury : potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia.” 2020. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Veenith TV. Energy failure following traumatic brain injury : potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.47974 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794655.
Council of Science Editors:
Veenith TV. Energy failure following traumatic brain injury : potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.47974 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794655
University of Manchester
15.
Smallman, Richard.
Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure.
Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Manchester
URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schizotypy-and-the-association-with-brain-function-and-structure(c8f5a318-5a89-412d-b422-1eedb80e43f6).html
;
http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606900
► Introduction: Schizotypy is a personality trait that shares some of the characteristics of clinical disorders such as schizophrenia. Similarities are found in expression of psychotic-like…
(more)
▼ Introduction: Schizotypy is a personality trait that shares some of the characteristics of clinical disorders such as schizophrenia. Similarities are found in expression of psychotic-like experiences and presence of attenuated negative signs. Furthermore, schizotypal samples are associated with impairments in cognitive tasks, albeit in a less comprised form. For these reasons and others, schizotypy is considered a part of the extended-phenotype of schizophrenia and as such can be utilised as an analogue sample without some of theconfounds associated with illness. Objective: The aim of the PhD is to examine the relationship of schizotypal features and brain function and structure in a sample of adolescents and young adults (age 16-25 years). This will attempt to provide further evidence for the placement of schizotypy on the continuum, along with insights into pathophysiological mechanisms involved in schizophrenia and related disorders. Methods: The study involved three main phases: recruitment via an online survey, further neuropsychological testing and brain imaging on selected high schizotypes and controls. The thesis comprises 5 papers/experiments. Paper 1 utilises confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the factorial structure of the schizotypal personality questionnaire (SPQ) in a community sample aged 16-25 years. It also examined the effects of demographics on schizotypal levels. Paper 2 examined the association between schizotypy and measures of sustained attention and spatial working memory both in a total sample, and in samples split by age and by sex. Paper 3 further examined the association between schizotypy and cognition laboratory tests of attention, executive function and verbal learning/memory. Paper 4 tested the same participants on measures of functional brain asymmetry. Paper 5 used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine white matter structures in a sample of high schizotypes and controls. Results: Paper 1 confirmed that the SPQ is most appropriately modelled by a four-factor structure in an adolescent and young adult sample. Demographic effects on SPQ subscales scores mirrored those seen in clinical samples. Paper 2 found that where small associations between schizotypy and sustained attention/spatial working memory function occurred, these were in relation to either age of sex. Paper 3 demonstrated an association between increased schizotypal features and a slight reduction in performance on verbal learning/memory, but no association with tasks of executive function or attention. In Paper 4, schizotypy was associated with a left-hemifield bias on a computerised line bisection task. Paper 5 found that a group of high schizotypes had an increase in tract coherence in the uncinate fasciculus compared to controls. Furthermore, increasing subclinical hallucinatory experiences were associated with increased tract coherence in the right hemisphere arcuate fasciculus. Conclusions: Schizotypy was associated with changes in brain function and structure similar to that demonstrated in more…
Subjects/Keywords: 616.85; schizotypy; cognition; DTI; tractography; lateralisation
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APA (6th Edition):
Smallman, R. (2012). Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schizotypy-and-the-association-with-brain-function-and-structure(c8f5a318-5a89-412d-b422-1eedb80e43f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606900
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Smallman, Richard. “Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schizotypy-and-the-association-with-brain-function-and-structure(c8f5a318-5a89-412d-b422-1eedb80e43f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606900.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Smallman, Richard. “Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure.” 2012. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Smallman R. Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schizotypy-and-the-association-with-brain-function-and-structure(c8f5a318-5a89-412d-b422-1eedb80e43f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606900.
Council of Science Editors:
Smallman R. Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2012. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schizotypy-and-the-association-with-brain-function-and-structure(c8f5a318-5a89-412d-b422-1eedb80e43f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606900
University of Washington
16.
Wang, Erzhuo.
Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation.
Degree: 2013, University of Washington
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/24183
► Connectivity has been proposed as a criterion for functional-anatomic segregation of cortical areas. In this thesis, I present a new method of characterizing the DTI-based…
(more)
▼ Connectivity has been proposed as a criterion for functional-anatomic segregation of cortical areas. In this thesis, I present a new method of characterizing the
DTI-based connectivity profile of cortical voxels using Gaussian mixture models (GMMs). A variety clustering techniques are applied to perform the connectivity-based parcellation (CBP). I first parcellated the human inferior parietal lobule (IPL) on connectivity profiles using spectral clustering and a hidden Markov random field (HMRF) model. I applied our approach to multi-
subject parcellation. I then segmented other cortical areas such as precentral and postcentral cortex, using spectral non-parametric Bayes models. A new approach resolving crossing fibers with compressed sensing (CS) was also examined. Using the multi-
subject GMM-HMRF approach, results in a smoother segmentation of IPL that is independent of the set of subjects and visually consistent with the Juelich Atlas. The spectral non-parametric Bayes models enable data learn the number of segments automatically. The compressed sensing method is shown to significantly reduce the amount of data required and the computing time while preserving the accuracy.
Advisors/Committee Members: Haynor, David R (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Clustering; Connectivity; DTI; Parcelation; Biomedical engineering; bioengineering
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Wang, E. (2013). Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation. (Thesis). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/24183
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wang, Erzhuo. “Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation.” 2013. Thesis, University of Washington. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1773/24183.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wang, Erzhuo. “Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation.” 2013. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Wang E. Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/24183.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Wang E. Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation. [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/24183
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cambridge
17.
Veenith , Tonny V.
Energy failure following traumatic brain injury: Potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia.
Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Cambridge
URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/300900
► Cerebral ischaemia is a frequent finding in post mortem studies following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but clinical studies using 15oxygen positron emission tomography (15O PET)…
(more)
▼ Cerebral ischaemia is a frequent finding in post mortem studies following traumatic brain injury (TBI), but clinical studies using 15oxygen positron emission tomography (15O PET) suggest that classical ischaemia is uncommon beyond the first 24 hours after injury. Evidence of metabolic failure in the absence of classical ischaemia may represent ongoing neuronal dysfunction and progressive neuronal loss. Any therapeutic intervention that mitigates such metabolic derangements before they result in irreversible neuronal injury may improve tissue fate and improve the functional outcome for patients.
Energy failure was spatially defined, characterised, and mapped using 15O and 18Fluoromisinidazole ([18F] FMISO) positron emission tomography. This enabled differentiation of classical ischaemia, diffusion hypoxia, and established infarction, and provided data on the dominant local mechanism at any given time after TBI. My thesis also aimed to examine the utility of diffusion tensor imaging and whole-brain proton MR spectroscopy (WB 1H MRS) as imaging biomarkers to investigate normobaric hyperoxia as a therapeutic option following traumatic brain injury (TBI).
Using ([18F] FMISO PET evidence of tissue hypoxia consistent with microvascular ischaemia was found across the injured brain. The impact of normobaric hyperoxia (NBH) was examined in a clinical TBI cohort using diffusion tensor imaging and WB 1H MRS. Some evidence of benefit was found within the perilesional brain, but further studies should examine the value of a longer period of exposure to NBH and whether this has implications for functional outcome.
Subjects/Keywords: Traumatic Brain Injury; Neurotrauma; Proton Spectroscopy; DTI
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APA (6th Edition):
Veenith , T. V. (2020). Energy failure following traumatic brain injury: Potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/300900
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Veenith , Tonny V. “Energy failure following traumatic brain injury: Potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/300900.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Veenith , Tonny V. “Energy failure following traumatic brain injury: Potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia.” 2020. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Veenith TV. Energy failure following traumatic brain injury: Potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/300900.
Council of Science Editors:
Veenith TV. Energy failure following traumatic brain injury: Potential mechanisms and impact of normobaric hyperoxia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/300900
University of South Africa
18.
Lingenfelder, Melanie.
The relationship between government support and the sustainability of the South African automotive industry
.
Degree: 2019, University of South Africa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26734
► In the early 1990s the South African automotive sector was regarded as ineffective, uncompetitive and dependent on heavy tariff protection for survival. The government’s policy…
(more)
▼ In the early 1990s the South African automotive sector was regarded as ineffective, uncompetitive and dependent on heavy tariff protection for survival. The government’s policy support through the Motor Industry Development Programme lowered tariffs and provided strong support for exports, while the production incentives of the Automotive Production Development Programme reinforced the vision that the long-term development of the sector will best be served through considerable increases in production volumes and accelerated growth. The population consisted of the seven OEMs and the 110 First Tier Suppliers. The results indicate a difference in government support between the vulnerable and non-vulnerable suppliers. The government has shown its commitment to the future of the automotive industry by policy interventions such as the Motor Industry Development Programme and the Automotive Production Development Programme. The question arises as to what extent the government’s guarantees are keeping the domestic automotive manufacturing industry sustainable? The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between government support and the sustainability of the South African automotive industry. The conclusion of the study is that the South African automotive industry and its suppliers would not be able to survive without continued government support.
Advisors/Committee Members: Strydom, J. W. (John Wilhelm), 1952- (advisor), Lamprecht, Norman (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: MIDP;
APDP;
NAAMSA;
NAACAM;
DTI;
AIEC;
FTS
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Lingenfelder, M. (2019). The relationship between government support and the sustainability of the South African automotive industry
. (Masters Thesis). University of South Africa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26734
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lingenfelder, Melanie. “The relationship between government support and the sustainability of the South African automotive industry
.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of South Africa. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26734.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lingenfelder, Melanie. “The relationship between government support and the sustainability of the South African automotive industry
.” 2019. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lingenfelder M. The relationship between government support and the sustainability of the South African automotive industry
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of South Africa; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26734.
Council of Science Editors:
Lingenfelder M. The relationship between government support and the sustainability of the South African automotive industry
. [Masters Thesis]. University of South Africa; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26734
University of Southern California
19.
Sobhani, Mona.
Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a
community sample: the role of trait anxiety.
Degree: PhD, Neuroscience, 2013, University of Southern California
URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/324192/rec/5311
► Psychopathy is a personality disorder comprised of a constellation of traits, such as lack of remorse, lack of empathy, impulsivity, and irresponsibility. Although much research…
(more)
▼ Psychopathy is a personality disorder comprised of a
constellation of traits, such as lack of remorse, lack of empathy,
impulsivity, and irresponsibility. Although much research has been
conducted on this personality disorder, the neural correlates
remain poorly understood. Progress in this realm has been hindered
by two factors. First, given the large body of work supporting
delineation of psychopathy into subtypes (based on trait anxiety),
the exploration of dissociable neural correlates between subtypes
has been insufficiently studied. Second, many studies utilize a
single neuroimaging modality to explore a given neural property,
and thus, cannot answer comprehensive questions about neural
network dynamics. The current work addresses both limitations in
the literature by examining, in a community sample, the
relationships between psychopathic traits, trait anxiety, and
neural properties (function, functional connectivity,
microstructural integrity) using multiple neuroimaging methods. The
two overarching aims of this dissertation are to determine whether
the relationship between psychopathic traits and neural properties
is dependent upon trait anxiety, and whether these relationships
are evident across several different neuroimaging
modalities.
Advisors/Committee Members: Aziz-Zadeh, LisaBaker, Laura A. (Committee Chair), Damasio, Hanna (Committee Member), Saks, Elyn (Committee Member).
Subjects/Keywords: psychopathy; prefrontal; amygdala; community; fMRI; DTI
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APA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Sobhani, M. (2013). Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a
community sample: the role of trait anxiety. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/324192/rec/5311
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sobhani, Mona. “Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a
community sample: the role of trait anxiety.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Southern California. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/324192/rec/5311.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sobhani, Mona. “Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a
community sample: the role of trait anxiety.” 2013. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Sobhani M. Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a
community sample: the role of trait anxiety. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/324192/rec/5311.
Council of Science Editors:
Sobhani M. Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a
community sample: the role of trait anxiety. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2013. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/324192/rec/5311
University of Arizona
20.
Dailey, Natalie S.
Neurological Models of Dyslexia
.
Degree: 2016, University of Arizona
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622935
► The reading network is only partially understood and even less is known regarding how the network functions when reading is impaired. Dyslexia is characterized by…
(more)
▼ The reading network is only partially understood and even less is known regarding how the network functions when reading is impaired. Dyslexia is characterized by poor phonological processing and affects roughly 5-12% of the population. The Dorsal-Ventral and Cerebellar-Deficit models propose distinct behavioral and structural differences in young adults with dyslexia. Behavioral assessments were used to determine if deficits for young adults with dyslexia were restricted to the literacy domain or dispersed among reading and associated behavioral domains. Diffusion tensor imaging (
DTI) was used determine the extent to which white matter pathways and gray matter regions differ structurally in young adults with dyslexia. The present study also investigated whether brain-behavior relationships exist and are consistent with the theoretical models of reading in this population. Findings show that young adults with dyslexia exhibited deficits in both literacy and associated behavioral domains, including verbal working memory and motor function. Structural findings showed increased fractional anisotropy in the left anterior region (the aslant) and decreased fractional anisotropy in left posterior regions (inferior occipital fasciculus and vertical occipital fasciculus) of the reading network for young adults with dyslexia. Brain-behavior associations were found between the right inferior frontal gyrus and decoding for those with dyslexia. These findings provide support for the use of an altered reading network by young adults with dyslexia, as outlined by the Dorsal-Ventral model of reading. Limited structural and behavior findings support of the Cerebellar-Deficit model of reading, findings that warrant additional investigation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Plante, Elena (advisor), Plante, Elena (committeemember), Alt, Mary (committeemember), Musiek, Frank (committeemember), Peterson, Mary (committeemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Dyslexia;
Reading network;
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
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APA (6th Edition):
Dailey, N. S. (2016). Neurological Models of Dyslexia
. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622935
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dailey, Natalie S. “Neurological Models of Dyslexia
.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622935.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dailey, Natalie S. “Neurological Models of Dyslexia
.” 2016. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Dailey NS. Neurological Models of Dyslexia
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622935.
Council of Science Editors:
Dailey NS. Neurological Models of Dyslexia
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622935
University of Rochester
21.
Zhu, Tong (1974 - ).
Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor
imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis.
Degree: PhD, 2011, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/14427
► Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) depicts tissue morphology via unique patterns of random molecular motions of water inside tissues. DTI-derived parameters have been explored as surrogate…
(more)
▼ Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) depicts tissue
morphology via unique patterns of random molecular motions of water
inside tissues. DTI-derived parameters have been explored as
surrogate biomarkers in a variety of neurological and clinical
applications to non-invasively infer underlying anatomical
architectures as well as their alterations due to pathological
processes of diseases. However, when the DTI technique is applied,
imprecision due to measurement uncertainties decreases the
sensitivity and the specificity of these DTI-derived parameters as
surrogate biomarkers for various applications.
The main goal of
this dissertation is to apply an optimized wild bootstrap analysis,
which is a nonparametric and empirical statistical method, to
estimate measurement uncertainties of DTI-derived parameters within
each voxel of DTI data of human brain. In contrast to previous
analytical approaches, this method does not impose any assumptions
about underlying noise distributions and is therefore capable of
depicting variations in acquired DTI data containing sources of
complex uncertainties in real DTI acquisitions.
In this study,
evidence collected from real human DTI data of a group of 13
volunteers with an optimized wild bootstrap analysis provides, for
the first time, criteria for optimizing DTI acquisition protocols
with minimal measurement variations within clinically feasible
acquisition time. Empirical distributions generated with the wild
bootstrap method also enable statistical inferences between
longitudinal DTI data of the same subject to detect
subject-specific alternation patterns of diffusion characteristics
with mild traumatic brain injuries due to sports-related
concussions.
Subjects/Keywords: Diffusion Tensor Imaging; DTI; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; MRI; Measurement uncertainty; Wild bootstrap; DTI protocol; Optimization
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Zhu, T. (. -. ). (2011). Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor
imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/14427
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhu, Tong (1974 - ). “Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor
imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/14427.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhu, Tong (1974 - ). “Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor
imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis.” 2011. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Zhu T(-). Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor
imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/14427.
Council of Science Editors:
Zhu T(-). Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor
imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/14427
22.
Mseddi, Eya.
Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Degree: Docteur es, Sciences et techniques des activités physiques et sportives, 2017, Université Paris X – Nanterre
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100162
► La sclérose latérale amyotrophique [SLA] est une pathologie idiopathique à issue fatale caractérisée par la dégénérescence progressive et sélective des motoneurones du système nerveux central…
(more)
▼ La sclérose latérale amyotrophique [SLA] est une pathologie idiopathique à issue fatale caractérisée par la dégénérescence progressive et sélective des motoneurones du système nerveux central et périphérique. La SLA n’est pas exclusivement identifiée comme une maladie de la voie pyramidale, mais considérée plus largement comme une pathologie neurodégénérative multisystème. L’étude des mécanismes posturaux dans cette population n’a pas fait l’objet d’une grande attention. Dans ce travail de thèse, une exploration en imagerie cérébrale multimodale (imagerie en tenseur de diffusion [DTI] et morphométrie basée sur le voxel [VBM]) est proposée chez des patients SLA avec instabilité posturale [AIP] et stables [SIP] en vue de vérifier l’intégrité morphologique et structurelle des régions corticales et sous-corticales posturales. La comparaison entre les sujets contrôles et les patients SLA a démontré une augmentation significative du volume de la substance grise au niveau du noyau caudé chez les patients stables (SIP vs contrôle p<0,001 ; SIP vs AIP p<0,01). L’évaluation structurelle a révélé une diminution de la fraction d’anisotropie [FA] au niveau de l’aire motrice supplémentaire [AMS] dans les deux groupes de patients par rapport aux contrôles (contrôle vs SIP p<0,05 ; contrôle vs AIP p<0,001). Au niveau du noyau caudé, le groupe AIP a présenté une diminution de la valeur de la FA par rapport aux sujets contrôles (p<0,001) et aux sujets SIP (p<0,05). Ainsi, ces résultats contribuent à une meilleure caractérisation et compréhension des atteintes corticales et sous corticales des régions qui interviennent dans la posture chez les patients SLA.
The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [ALS] is an idiopathic pathology with a fatal outcome. It is characterized by a progressive and selective degeneration of motor neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system. ALS is no longer exclusively identified as a disease of the pyramidal pathway, but it is considered more broadly as multisystem neurodegenerative pathology. However, the analysis of postural processes in these patients has not been well studied in the literature. Multimodal brain imaging (Diffusion Tensor Imaging [DTI] and Voxel Based Morphometry [VBM]) exploration was performed for ALS patients with postural instability [AIP] and without postural instability [SIP] to test the morphometric and structural integrity of postural cortical and subcortical regions. A significant increase of gray matter in caudate nucleus volume has been noticed for stable patients (SIP vs controls p<0.001, SIP vs AIP p<0.01). The structural evaluation revealed a decrease of the Fractional Anisotropy [FA] at the Supplementary Motor Area [SMA] level in both groups of patients compared to controls (controls vs SIP p<0.05, controls vs. AIP p<0.001). At the caudate nucleus, the AIP group showed FA value decrease compared to controls (p<0.001) and SIP subjects (p<0.05). Thus, these results would contribute to a better characterization and understanding of the cortical and subcortical impairments…
Advisors/Committee Members: Marco, Giovanni de (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: SLA; DTI; VBM; AMS; Posture; Noyau caudé; ALS; DTI; VBM; SMA; Posture; Caudate Nucleus
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APA ·
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Mseddi, E. (2017). Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Paris X – Nanterre. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100162
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mseddi, Eya. “Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Paris X – Nanterre. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100162.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mseddi, Eya. “Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.” 2017. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Mseddi E. Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Paris X – Nanterre; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100162.
Council of Science Editors:
Mseddi E. Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Paris X – Nanterre; 2017. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100162
Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI
23.
Dupont, Damien.
Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
Degree: Docteur es, Physique, 2013, Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112021
► L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer des méthodes IRM permettant d’étudier l’impact d’une ischémie focale transitoire sur le cerveau de rat nouveau-né. Les techniques…
(more)
▼ L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer des méthodes IRM permettant d’étudier l’impact d’une ischémie focale transitoire sur le cerveau de rat nouveau-né. Les techniques utilisées sont l’imagerie à contraste renforcé par le manganèse (MEMRI), l’imagerie du tenseur de diffusion (DTI) ainsi que de façon préliminaire l’imagerie Q-ball (QBI). Le MEMRI après injection intra cérébrale a été utilisé afin d’étudier de manière dynamique le tractus cortico-thalamique, en parallèle le DTI a servi de marqueur de la structuration cérébrale. Les résultats ont montré une atteinte du tractus cortico-thalamique ipsi-latéral, sept et quatorze jours après ischémie. De manière générale le DTI a montré une structuration ralentie à la suite de l’ischémie. A partir de ces résultats la faisabilité d’une méthode d’acquisition rapide et de traitement de données Q-ball a été établie puis testée sur un animal immature. Les méthodes mises en place se sont révélées efficaces dans le suivi de la maturation cérébrale dans des conditions normales ainsi que pathologiques, ouvrant des perspectives d’études liées au développement cérébral.
The thesis aim is to develop MRI methods to study the impact of focal transient ischemia in neonatal rat brain. The principal techniques used are MEMRI (Manganese Enhanced MRI), DTI (Diffusion Tensor Imaging) and QBI (Q-Ball Imaging). MEMRI was used to observe in a dynamic way the cortico-thalamic manganese transport combined with the structural informations extracted from the DTI experiments. Results have shown a cortico-thalamic pathway disturbance, at seven and fourteen days after ischemia. Globally DTI results have shown a slowed brain structuration. From these results, the feasibility of a fast acquisition method and the post processing steps of Q-ball protocol was established and applied in an immature rat. The different MRI protocols developed during this thesis have shown good efficiency to follow the rat brain maturation, in healthy and pathological conditions, thus opening new perspectives for brain development studies.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gillet, Brigitte (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: IRM; Développement cérébral; Rat; Ischémie; MEMRI; DTI; QBI; Tractographie; MRI; Brain development; Rat; Stroke; MEMRI; DTI; QBI; Fiber tracking
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APA (6th Edition):
Dupont, D. (2013). Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112021
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dupont, Damien. “Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112021.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dupont, Damien. “Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.” 2013. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Dupont D. Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112021.
Council of Science Editors:
Dupont D. Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI; 2013. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112021
24.
Yrondi, Antoine.
Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM.
Degree: Docteur es, Neurosciences, 2018, Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30062
► Introduction : L'électroconvulsivothérapie (ECT) est un traitement non pharmacologique du trouble dépressif résistant. Bien que son efficacité ait été démontrée dans cette indication, les mécanismes…
(more)
▼ Introduction : L'électroconvulsivothérapie (ECT) est un traitement non pharmacologique du trouble dépressif résistant. Bien que son efficacité ait été démontrée dans cette indication, les mécanismes cérébraux qui sous-tendent ce processus restent très imprécis. Il n'existe actuellement pas de travail étudiant l'effet d'une ECT efficace au niveau des modifications structurofonctionnelles cérébrales. Il semble primordial de poursuivre l'étude des corrélats neuroanatomiques précoces et plus tardifs sous tendant les processus neurofonctionnels responsables de l'amélioration de la clinique. Méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude mono centrique menée sur le CHU de Toulouse. Chez des patients présentant un trouble dépressif résistant, des évaluations cliniques et en IRM multimodale sont réalisées à 4 temps. La 1ère évaluation a lieu avant le début de la cure, la 2ème après une 1ère ECT, la 3ème après une 1ère ECT efficace et la 4ème après rémission.Résultats: Concernant le volume de l'hippocampe et de l'amygdale à la première visite n'était pas diffèrent du volume à la troisième visite (t(135) = .329, p = .94). Au contraire, il y avait une différence significatif entre le volume de deux structures entre la première et la quatrième visite (t(135) = -2.47, p = .039) et entre la troisième et la quatrième visite (t(135) = -3.51, p = .002). Concernant la diffusivité moyenne en tant que l'effet des visites tend vers la significativité pour la DM (F(2,136) = 2.67, p = .072). En IRM resting state, il existe une hypoconnectivité précoce entre (i) l'hippocampe Droit et le cortex Cingulaire antérieur dorsal (t = -6.20 ; pFDR : 0.0123) ; (ii) l'hippocampe Droit et le noyaux caudé gauche ( t = -7.69 ; pFDR : 0.0035) et (iii) le vermis cervelet et le precuneus (t = -5.93 p FDR : 0.0363). Il existe une hyperconnectivité entre V4 et V1 entre (i) le cortex orbito frontal médian droit et le gyrus occipital médian (t = 6.58 ; p FDR : 0.0146) et (ii) le gyrus frontal inférieur droit et le cortex fronto median gauche (t = 6.83 ; pFDR : 0.0104). Il existe une diminution significative des symptomes de depression entre la V4 et la V1 à l'échelle d'Hamilton (V4: 3,08 ET : 1,62 ; V1 : 23,17 ET : 3,21 ; p <0.001).Conclusion : Il semble exister des modifications structuro-fonctionnelle à l'issu de la cure d'ECT sans modifications structurelles et micro structurelles précoces.
Background: Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is a non-pharmacological treatment of resistant depressive disorder. Although its efficacy has been demonstrated in this indication, the brain mechanisms underlying this process remain very imprecise. There is currently no work studying the effect of one effective ECT on cerebral structural changes. It seems essential to continue the study of the early and late neuroanatomical correlates underlying neurofunctional processes responsible for improving the clinic. Methods: This is a mono-centric study conducted on the Toulouse University Hospital. In patients with resistant depressive disorder, clinical and multimodal MRI assessments are…
Advisors/Committee Members: Arbus, Christophe (thesis director), Péran, Patrice (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: ECT; Dépression; Trouble dépressif; Episode dépressif caractérisé; IRM; DTI; Resting state; Mémoire; ECT; Major depressive disorder; MRI; DTI; Resting state; Memory
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APA (6th Edition):
Yrondi, A. (2018). Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30062
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yrondi, Antoine. “Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30062.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yrondi, Antoine. “Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Yrondi A. Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30062.
Council of Science Editors:
Yrondi A. Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier; 2018. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30062
Universiteit Utrecht
25.
Tromp, D.P.M.
Current developments of white matter connectivity research in Schizophrenia; A study into voxel based versus track based DTI methodology.
Degree: 2010, Universiteit Utrecht
URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/178823
► Research
in
schizophrenia
has
shown
that
structural
brain
abnormalities
exist
in
patients
with
this
disorder,
but
while
imaging
studies
mostly
pointed
in
the
direction
of
…
(more)
▼ Research
in
schizophrenia
has
shown
that
structural
brain
abnormalities
exist
in
patients
with
this
disorder,
but
while
imaging
studies
mostly
pointed
in
the
direction
of
gray
matter
changes,
post‐mortem
studies
were
also
finding
abnormalities
in
neuronal
cytoarchitecture
and
glial
cells.
These
cells
are
highly
important
for
the
protection
and
formation
of
neuronal
axons,
and
defective
glial
cells
can
lead
to
white
matter
changes.
Newly
developed
MRI‐methods
such
as
diffusion
tensor
imaging
(
DTI)
are
able
to
investigate
white
matter
changes
in
schizophrenia
in
vivo.
DTI
measures
describe
the
magnitude
and
orientation
of
water
diffusion
and
the
shape
of
the
diffusion
profile
and
are
often
described
with
a
scalar
value
named
the
fractional
anisotropy
(FA).
When
diffusion
weighted
images
are
analyzed
there
are
two
different
techniques
available
to
determine
and
compare
group
differences
in
region‐specific
FA
variations.
Voxel
Based
Morphometry
analysis
is
the
most
straightforward
method
to
look
at
group
differences
between
FA
values.
It
enables
you
to
do
whole
brain
analysis
to
indicate
what
regions
have
variations
in
FA
values
that
exceed
pure
statistical
chance.
This
means
that
it
is
a
broad
but
coarse
method.
Tract‐based
analysis
is
a
method
that
compares
FA
values
of
specific
white
matter
fiber
paths.
An
a
priori
region
of
interest
is
necessary
to
be
able
to
use
this
method.
This
method
increases
the
statistical
power
compared
to
VBM
methods,
which
will
allow
for
more
sensitive
detection
of
FA
group
differences.
In
this
thesis
both
methods
will
be
discussed,
as
well
as
the
current
developments
in
both
fields
in
schizophrenia
research.
Furthermore
research
methods
like
scan
protocol,
voxel
size,
patient
groups
and
VBM
blurring
will
be
compared
to
better
understand
contradicting
or
overlapping
research
results.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mandl, R.C..
Subjects/Keywords: Geneeskunde; DTI, Schizophrenia, White matter, VBM, Tract-based analysis, meta analysis
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Tromp, D. P. M. (2010). Current developments of white matter connectivity research in Schizophrenia; A study into voxel based versus track based DTI methodology. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/178823
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tromp, D P M. “Current developments of white matter connectivity research in Schizophrenia; A study into voxel based versus track based DTI methodology.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/178823.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tromp, D P M. “Current developments of white matter connectivity research in Schizophrenia; A study into voxel based versus track based DTI methodology.” 2010. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Tromp DPM. Current developments of white matter connectivity research in Schizophrenia; A study into voxel based versus track based DTI methodology. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/178823.
Council of Science Editors:
Tromp DPM. Current developments of white matter connectivity research in Schizophrenia; A study into voxel based versus track based DTI methodology. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2010. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/178823
26.
Bohlken, M.M.
Genetic influences on human brain structure - Implications for intellectual ability and schizophrenia liability.
Degree: 2015, Universiteit Utrecht
URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/323464
► This thesis describes research that was conducted to explore the genetic and environmental factors contributing to associations between human brain structure and behavioral phenotypes, i.e.,…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes research that was conducted to explore the genetic and environmental factors contributing to associations between human brain structure and behavioral phenotypes, i.e., intellectual ability and schizophrenia liability. To achieve this, structural equation twin modeling methods were applied to neuroimaging and behavioral data obtained from adult monozygotic and dizygotic healthy twins and twins discordant for schizophrenia.
In chapter 2 and chapter 3 of this thesis, we have investigated the shared genetic component between regional grey matter volume and intellectual ability. The importance of subcortical structures in intellectual ability, especially implicating the thalamus, was highlighted. Also, it was shown that grey matter regions implicated in intelligence form a densely connected network and that the volume of these areas is influenced by a genetic factor that influences intellectual ability independently of genes acting on total brain volume. These results indicate that researching specific brain regions implicated in intellectual ability may yield novel genetic variants for this trait.
Chapter 4 shows that topological aspects of the structural brain network are considerably genetically determined. The heritability of these topological aspects could not be explained by global characteristics of white matter structure such as volume and microstructural directionality, suggesting that graph theoretical measures of brain structure may provide new insight in the genetic mechanisms that promote the development of brain connectivity.
In chapter 5 and chapter 6, results are presented showing that white matter integrity and schizophrenia liability are partly influenced by shared genes. Our findings further indicate that the genetic overlap between separate structural brain phenotypes (white matter integrity and cortical thickness) and schizophrenia liability is influenced by independent genetic factors. Also, variation in intellectual ability is found to predict a substantial part of schizophrenia liability through shared genes. The overlap between brain structure and schizophrenia was estimated to be through a direct association, independent of variation in intellectual ability. This suggests that studying different heritable aspects of brain structure in relation to schizophrenia liability may provide important and independent clues about the development of this etiologically heterogeneous disorder.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hulshoff Pol, H.E., Kahn, R.S., Brouwer, R.M., Mandl, R.C.W..
Subjects/Keywords: heritability; schizophrenia; intelligence; MRI; DTI; grey matter; white matter; genetic; twin
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Bohlken, M. M. (2015). Genetic influences on human brain structure - Implications for intellectual ability and schizophrenia liability. (Doctoral Dissertation). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/323464
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bohlken, M M. “Genetic influences on human brain structure - Implications for intellectual ability and schizophrenia liability.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/323464.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bohlken, M M. “Genetic influences on human brain structure - Implications for intellectual ability and schizophrenia liability.” 2015. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Bohlken MM. Genetic influences on human brain structure - Implications for intellectual ability and schizophrenia liability. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/323464.
Council of Science Editors:
Bohlken MM. Genetic influences on human brain structure - Implications for intellectual ability and schizophrenia liability. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2015. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/323464
Universiteit Utrecht
27.
Wierenga, LM.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRAIN STRUCTURE AND CONNECTIVITY.
Degree: 2016, Universiteit Utrecht
URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/334327
► The human brain undergoes profound structural changes with development. It does not mature by simply growing, rather the transition to adulthood is a dynamic process…
(more)
▼ The human brain undergoes profound structural changes with development. It does not mature by simply growing, rather the transition to adulthood is a dynamic process with regionally specific patterns. However, there is no consensus on the timing and shape of growth trajectories of brain structures. In this thesis we capitalize on advances in multimodal MRI and use longitudinal study designs to map structural brain maturation and connectivity in typical and atypical children and adolescents. Our results showed that the cortex is thinning starting in early childhood. Cortical surface area on the other hand is expanding till mid-adolescence. The timing of these patterns differ per cortical region, thus each region has a unique developmental pattern that may provide important information on the timing of sensitive periods. The white matter wiring pattern shows a heterogeneous developmental pattern that mimics developmental changes observed for grey matter. These results indicate that the brain is structured and wired differently in childhood adolescence and again in adulthood. Studying the developmental pattern of different cortical dimensions may also help us better understand underlying mechanisms involved in developmental disorders. We showed that children with ADHD have smaller cortical surface area but relatively preserved cortical thickness. Another clinical group, adolescents at Ultra high risk for psychosis (UHR), showed developmental differences in surface area in addition to stable differences. This indicates that in children with ADHD early (perhaps even prenatally) mechanisms, important for cortical development, are affected as reflected in the stable reductions. In UHR individuals, on the other hand, mechanisms that affect developmental trajectories might be disturbed. The observed rapid changes in grey matter areas and white matter connections during childhood and adolescence and smaller changes in adulthood, suggest that over the course of development the brain shifts from a relatively malleable state into a more stable and efficient one. This thesis is a small step in unraveling the brain behavior relationship and may help us understand when the brain is most malleable and adaptive.
Advisors/Committee Members: Durston, Sarah, Oranje, Bob.
Subjects/Keywords: neuroimaging; development; cortex; subcortex; ADHD; psychosis; adolescence; DTI; brain network
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Wierenga, L. (2016). THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRAIN STRUCTURE AND CONNECTIVITY. (Doctoral Dissertation). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/334327
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wierenga, LM. “THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRAIN STRUCTURE AND CONNECTIVITY.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/334327.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wierenga, LM. “THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRAIN STRUCTURE AND CONNECTIVITY.” 2016. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Wierenga L. THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRAIN STRUCTURE AND CONNECTIVITY. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/334327.
Council of Science Editors:
Wierenga L. THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRAIN STRUCTURE AND CONNECTIVITY. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2016. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/334327
University of California – Berkeley
28.
Alvarez, Bryan.
Behavioral and brain mechanisms of grapheme-color synesthesia and their relationships with perceptual binding and visual imagery.
Degree: Psychology, 2013, University of California – Berkeley
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/82g400gz
► Synesthesia is an unusual blending of the senses that occurs in about four percent or more of the human population. Much effort has been devoted…
(more)
▼ Synesthesia is an unusual blending of the senses that occurs in about four percent or more of the human population. Much effort has been devoted to establishing criteria to define what synesthesia is ever since the phenomenon reemerged as a fascination within the scientific community in the late 1970s. To date, the most common criteria for synesthesia are that synesthetic experiences be automatic, consistent, rely on an external stimulus that triggers the phenomenological experience, and that this experience is fully conscious to the mind. This framework allows for some differentiation of synesthetes compared to non-synesthetes within the human population, and yet it also creates a self-selecting bias in the synesthetic population; if the scientific community defines criteria for synesthesia, and then only studies people whom fit those criteria, the resulting data will likely validate the definitions if only because they have been defined that way. What is left unknown are ways that synesthetes, as a community of otherwise normal human beings, vary in subtle ways, both in their psychophysical behavior and in their neurobiological form and function in relation to other human beings who do not experience any form of conscious, unusual sensory blendings yet defined as synesthesia.The studies described in this thesis explore whether perception in the population of individuals currently defined as synesthetes is in fact uniquely different from perception in the rest of the human population. These unique differences in perception are also used here to better inform our understanding of the functions of the human brain. Chapter 2 introduces the concept of perceptual binding and its relation to synesthesia. Some synesthetes experience colors that are associated with letters and numbers, and these so-called grapheme-color synesthetes may rely on similar brain mechanisms to bind their synesthetic colors to space as the ones they (and most humans) use to bind color to space normally. Chapter 3 addresses the question of binding with regard to an unusual phenomenon specific to grapheme-color synesthetes: that it is possible for some of these synesthetes to experience two colors that are spatially co-localized without blending. The results of this behavioral study will be shown to correlate with the vividness of visual imagery, a measure that extends beyond synesthetic phenomenology. Finally, Chapter 4 demonstrates how synesthetes differ from well-matched non-synesthetes in relation to behavior and the anatomy of the brain. Specifically, synesthetes have more vivid visual imagery as a population, more arborized white matter, and show a positive correlation between vivid imagery and increased axonal branching that is absent in non-synesthete controls. Together, these studies suggest that the brains of synesthetes rely on attention-specific mechanisms used by most humans to bind color to space. However, synesthesia as a whole may not simply be one end of a continuum of brain differences. Rather, synesthetes may be unique both in…
Subjects/Keywords: Cognitive psychology; Neurosciences; Behavioral sciences; Binding; DTI; Priming; Synesthesia
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Alvarez, B. (2013). Behavioral and brain mechanisms of grapheme-color synesthesia and their relationships with perceptual binding and visual imagery. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/82g400gz
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Alvarez, Bryan. “Behavioral and brain mechanisms of grapheme-color synesthesia and their relationships with perceptual binding and visual imagery.” 2013. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/82g400gz.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Alvarez, Bryan. “Behavioral and brain mechanisms of grapheme-color synesthesia and their relationships with perceptual binding and visual imagery.” 2013. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Alvarez B. Behavioral and brain mechanisms of grapheme-color synesthesia and their relationships with perceptual binding and visual imagery. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/82g400gz.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Alvarez B. Behavioral and brain mechanisms of grapheme-color synesthesia and their relationships with perceptual binding and visual imagery. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2013. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/82g400gz
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
29.
Duarte, Juliana Ávila.
Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral.
Degree: 2015, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131192
► O transtorno bipolar (TB) é uma das doenças psiquiátricas mais comuns e com altas taxas de morbimortalidade. Existe uma busca de um modelo neurofisiológico que…
(more)
▼ O transtorno bipolar (TB) é uma das doenças psiquiátricas mais comuns e com altas taxas de morbimortalidade. Existe uma busca de um modelo neurofisiológico que poderia fornecer medidas objetivas para o diagnóstico desta doença, bem como fornecer parâmetros fisiológicos para monitorar a progressão, quantificar o dano causado pela mesma e prever a resposta ao tratamento na tentativa de direcionar a terapêutica adequada a cada estágio e evitar sua progressão. Kapczinski et al (2014) propôs um modelo de estadiamento do TB baseado em sintomas interepisódio, biomarcadores (inflamatórios e neuroplásticos) e dano cognitivo. Na última década, técnicas de neuroimagem e de genética proliferaram e vem se tornando promissoras ferramentas para se estabelecer a base de modelos neurofisiológicos do TB. Embora o prejuízo cognitivo já esteja bem descrito na literatura, o conhecimento sobre as alterações de conectividade em estudos de neuroimagem associadas a esta condição ainda é escasso. A atual pesquisa se propos a investigar os mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar com enfoque na substância branca (SB) cerebral. Primeiramente foi feita uma revisão sistemática da literatura internacional de estudos que correlacionaram o TB e estudo de tensor de difusão (
DTI) por ressonância magnética (RM). Foram incluidos 18 trabalhos que fechavam com os critérios da pesquisa. Os trabalhos mostraram nas análises de
DTI alterações na integridade da SB entre o os pacientes com TB em comparação com os controles normais. Essas alterações foram encontradas especialmente nos tratos de SB implicados em conectar uma ampla gama de redes neurais, incluindo as regiões estriatais ventrais e fronto-temporais. A maioria dos estudos mostrou valores de anisotropia fracionada (FA) reduzidos em tratos comissurais inter-hemisféricos e de associação frontolímbicos, com destaque para o corpo caloso que foi a estrutura mais acometida nos diferentes estudos. Estes achados são concordantes com a "síndrome de desconexão" que é encontrada em pacientes com TB. O segundo propósito desta tese foi fazer uma comparação dos volumes de substância branca total, do volume do corpo caloso e do volume total de substância cinzenta entre pacientes com TB em estagio inicial e avançado em relação aos seus respectivos controles normais pareados para sexo, idade, hemisfério dominante e nível de escolaridade. A análise de volumetria das estruturas corticais e subcorticais foi feita por meio de método de segmentação automatizada pelo software Freesurfer. Foram avaliados 55 sujeitos, sendo 29 pacientes com TB e 26 controles normais. A análise volumétrica encontrou redução da SB total e do volume do corpo caloso tanto em pacientes com TB no estagio inicial quanto tardio da doença. O volume de susbtância cinzenta (SC) total estava reduzido somente nos pacientes com TB em estágio tardio. Estes achados são inéditos na literatura e podem explicar a síndrome desconectiva dos pacientes com TB desde os estágios iniciais e o declínio cognitivo acentuado dos pacientes em estágios…
Advisors/Committee Members: Gama, Clarissa Severino.
Subjects/Keywords: Bipolar disorder; Transtorno bipolar; DTI; Neuroimagem; Anisotropia; Volumetry; White matter; Neuroprogression
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Duarte, J. . (2015). Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131192
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Duarte, Juliana Ávila. “Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral.” 2015. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131192.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Duarte, Juliana Ávila. “Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral.” 2015. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Duarte J. Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131192.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Duarte J. Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131192
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
30.
Kersbergen, K.J.
Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns.
Degree: 2015, Universiteit Utrecht
URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/308989
► To unravel the pathophysiology underlying the large percentage of preterm born infants that will demonstrate neurodevelopmental impairments during childhood, a better understanding of brain development…
(more)
▼ To unravel the pathophysiology underlying the large percentage of preterm born infants that will demonstrate neurodevelopmental impairments during childhood, a better understanding of brain development during what would have been the third trimester of pregnancy is needed. The aim of this thesis was to study longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm infants. We did so by utilizing serial MRI scans of a cohort of preterm infants born before a gestation of 28 weeks, that were scanned around 30 weeks postmenstrual age and again around term-equivalent age.
In this thesis, we show that volumetric measurements, the progression of cortical folding, microstructural development of the white matter and functional connectivity networks all confirm the central-peripheral and occipital-frontal gradient of brain development. Several clinical risk factors for deviations in brain development were studied and prolonged mechanical ventilation, whether as a representative of lung damage or of overall severity of illness, has the most severe negative influence on brain development throughout the different studies. By utilizing serial scans, we show that the remote effects of brain injury will become evident in the period between 30 and 40 weeks gestation, whereas the direct effects are already established by 30 weeks. Relating these findings to neurodevelopmental outcome around two years of age showed significant but modest effects, suggesting that outcome at a later age is needed to find deficits caused by mild brain injury.
Punctate white matter lesions, nowadays the most common form of white matter injury in preterm infants, were seen in two distinctive patterns, suggestive of a difference in underlying pathology. Additional sequences (diffusion and susceptibility weighted imaging) are needed to reliably distinguish both. Volumetric growth showed regional differences with by far the largest growth in the cerebellum, which is also affected most by brain damage. The use of hydrocortisone for developing chronic lung disease, however, did not influence overall brain size or cerebellar volumes. While studying the progression of cortical folding, adult brain asymmetries were shown to develop already during the last ten weeks of gestation. In addition, cortical surface area and depth were correlated with neurodevelopmental outcomes at two years of age. Utilizing diffusion tensor imaging showed increases of fractional anisotropy in the white matter, but decreases in the cortex, fitting with the theory of cortical development. Damage to the corticospinal tracts in infants with cystic periventricular leukomalacia was seen within weeks after the insult, while the remote effects on thalamic volume develop over time and become clear at term-equivalent age. Finally, immature functional networks were already present at 30 weeks and were similar to adult networks. Both structural and functional connectivity networks develop between 30 weeks and term-equivalent age leading to an increase in integration capacity.
Identifying…
Advisors/Committee Members: Vries, L.S. de, Viergever, M.A., Benders, M.J.N.L., Groenendaal, F..
Subjects/Keywords: Preterm; MRI; cortical folding; volumetrics; DTI; fMRI; PWML; c-PVL; neurodevelopment
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APA (6th Edition):
Kersbergen, K. J. (2015). Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns. (Doctoral Dissertation). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/308989
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kersbergen, K J. “Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/308989.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kersbergen, K J. “Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns.” 2015. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kersbergen KJ. Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/308989.
Council of Science Editors:
Kersbergen KJ. Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2015. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/308989
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