subject:(DTI)

University of Alberta

1. Baron, Corey A. Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field.

Degree: PhD, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2014, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cth83kz454

► Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) measures the diffusion (i.e. random molecular motion) of water. Since the motion of water is inhibited by cellular membranes, dMRI… (more)

▼ Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) measures the diffusion (i.e. random molecular motion) of water. Since the motion of water is inhibited by cellular membranes, dMRI provides insight into the microstructural characteristics of the tissue. However, distinguishing between small anatomical subdivisions can be difficult due to dMRI methods having an inherently low resolution. Increasing the resolution necessarily reduces the signal-to-noise ratio, and to compensate for this a higher static magnetic field and larger diffusion gradients can be utilized. In addition, there are newly emerging dMRI techniques that have not been successfully implemented in the human brain due to insufficient signal and gradient strengths on clinical MRI systems. However, increasing these parameters introduces new challenges. The goal of this thesis was to address the challenges of performing dMRI with a stronger magnetic field and gradients, and then to use the extra signal for higher resolution and to enable new techniques that require more signal. To do this, a 4.7 T human MRI system with 60 mT/m gradients was utilized, which is a three times stronger field and 50% larger gradients compared to typical clinical scanners. Approximately half of the thesis work involved solving challenges at high field or gradient strengths, while the remainder involved applications enabled by the high strength MRI system. The first challenge investigated was a previously undocumented issue for dMRI introduced by strong gradients, concomitant gradient fields. Errors introduced by these concomitant fields was found to be considerable in certain cases, and techniques to mitigate them were explored. Another challenge involved developing robust methods to perform parallel imaging, which is a technique used to prevent distortions that worsen at higher field strengths. A final challenge investigated was errors introduced by the unwanted signal that stems from cerebrospinal fluid. Traditional approaches to mitigate the error do not translate well to high field, and an alternative method was sought and characterized. A potential application of the high strength MRI system involves the probing of different tissue microstructure length scales. Typical dMRI techniques are only sensitive to length scales longer than typical microstructural dimensions because of a long "diffusion time". However, the newly developed oscillating gradient spin-echo (OGSE) technique is more sensitive to smaller length scales because it can achieve much shorter diffusion times, which may give new insight into healthy development or disease. Accordingly, OGSE was used to investigate the microstructural length scale dependence of dMRI as a function of diffusion direction for the first time in healthy subjects and in patients with stroke. The former subject group was required to better understand the healthy brain and provide a reference point for comparison with disease. The latter cohort of subjects helps to elucidate the underpinnings of why standard dMRI is sensitive to stroke, which…

Subjects/Keywords: diffusion; MRI; high field; DTI

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APA (6^th Edition):

Baron, C. A. (2014). Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cth83kz454

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Baron, Corey A. “Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 26, 2020. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cth83kz454.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Baron, Corey A. “Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field.” 2014. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Baron CA. Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cth83kz454.

Council of Science Editors:

Baron CA. Diffusion Tensor Imaging at High Magnetic Field. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cth83kz454

University of Melbourne

2. Akhlaghi, Hamed. Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia.

Degree: 2011, University of Melbourne

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36599

► Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is caused by mutations in the FXN gene leading to inadequate expression of the protein frataxin. In addition to proximal spinal cord… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Friedreich Ataxia; MRI; DTI; fMRI

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APA (6^th Edition):

Akhlaghi, H. (2011). Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36599

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Akhlaghi, Hamed. “Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36599.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Akhlaghi, Hamed. “Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia.” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Akhlaghi H. Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2011. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36599.

Council of Science Editors:

Akhlaghi H. Investigation of volumetric, micro-structural and functional MRI brain changes in Friedreich ataxia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36599

Vanderbilt University

3. Fan, Qiuyun. Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities.

Degree: MS, Biomedical Engineering, 2011, Vanderbilt University

URL: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03272011-221524/ ;

► This study demonstrated the relationship between brain connectivity and childrenâs reading abilities. For the behavioral part, the participants received proper reading interventions based on their… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: DTI; brain connectivity; reading

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fan, Q. (2011). Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities. (Masters Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03272011-221524/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fan, Qiuyun. “Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03272011-221524/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fan, Qiuyun. “Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities.” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Fan Q. Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2011. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03272011-221524/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Fan Q. Diffusion Tensor Imaging reveals correlations between brain connectivity and children's reading abilities. [Masters Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2011. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-03272011-221524/ ;

Vanderbilt University

4. Choe, Ann Sunah. Validation of diffusion tensor imaging in the central nervous system using light microscopy.

Degree: PhD, Biomedical Engineering, 2010, Vanderbilt University

URL: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-09222010-134920/ ;

► Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provides an indirect measure of tissue structure on microscopic scales. To date, DTI is the only imaging method that provides such… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: registration; MRI; DTI; validation; histology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Choe, A. S. (2010). Validation of diffusion tensor imaging in the central nervous system using light microscopy. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-09222010-134920/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Choe, Ann Sunah. “Validation of diffusion tensor imaging in the central nervous system using light microscopy.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-09222010-134920/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Choe, Ann Sunah. “Validation of diffusion tensor imaging in the central nervous system using light microscopy.” 2010. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Choe AS. Validation of diffusion tensor imaging in the central nervous system using light microscopy. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2010. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-09222010-134920/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Choe AS. Validation of diffusion tensor imaging in the central nervous system using light microscopy. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2010. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-09222010-134920/ ;

University of New South Wales

5. Geng, Guangqiang. Investigation of biomechanisms of cerebral cortical folding.

Degree: Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2010, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/45645 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:8927/SOURCE02?view=true

► Understanding the biomechanisms by which the cerebral cortex folds is a fundamental problem in neuroscience. The search for biomechanisms involved in cortical folding has been… (more)

▼ Understanding the biomechanisms by which the cerebral cortex folds is a fundamental problem in neuroscience. The search for biomechanisms involved in cortical folding has been motivated by a desire to understand the folding patterns unique to each human brain, and the cause of neurological disorders that result in abnormal cortical folding. These include Down’s syndrome and lissencephaly, in which the brain folds are less numerous and smaller than normal folds.Current mathematical models of cortical folding do not include three dimensional geometry or measurement of cortical growth in developing brains extracted from experimental data. Motivated by the lack of experimental measurements of developing brains integrated with mathematical models of cortical folding, this thesis combines structural and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) MRI data analysis with finite element modelling to investigate the biomechanisms of cortical folding. We quantitatively measured cortical growth, the development of cortical folding and the white matter directly from MRI data acquired from fetal sheep brains at a number of key developmental stages. Novel use of the DTI MRI data has led to the characterization of diffusion anisotropy changes in developing sub-cortical white matter. A correspondence was shown between the less developed white matter fibres, as measured by decreased anisotropic diffusion, and the development of inward cortical folding.We present two biomechanical models of cortical folding which integrate 3D geometry and information taken from our MRI data analysis. The first model uses DTI measurements of white matter fibre orientation in fetal sheep brains as a cue to the tension forces that may regulate folding. In the second model, tangential cortical growth is modelled by osmotic expansion of the tissue and regulated by inhomogeneous white matter rigidity as a biomechanism of cortical folding. We demonstrated that structural and diffusion tensor MRI can be combined with finite element modelling and an explicit growth biomechanism of the cortex to create biologically meaningful models of the cortical folding process common to higher order mammals. Advisors/Committee Members: Egan, Gary, Florey Neuroscience Institutes, Johnston, Leigh, Florey Neuroscience Institutes, Rae, Caroline, Neuroscience Research Australia.

Subjects/Keywords: DTI; Fetal brain development; Biomechanisms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Geng, G. (2010). Investigation of biomechanisms of cerebral cortical folding. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/45645 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:8927/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Geng, Guangqiang. “Investigation of biomechanisms of cerebral cortical folding.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/45645 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:8927/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Geng, Guangqiang. “Investigation of biomechanisms of cerebral cortical folding.” 2010. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Geng G. Investigation of biomechanisms of cerebral cortical folding. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2010. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/45645 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:8927/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Geng G. Investigation of biomechanisms of cerebral cortical folding. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2010. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/45645 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:8927/SOURCE02?view=true

Harvard University

6. Hathout, Leith. Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment.

Degree: Doctor of Medicine, 2018, Harvard University

URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41973526

► PURPOSE: Glioblastoma is a devastating disease with generally poor prognosis despite multimodal therapy. However, there is significant variability in individual patient outcomes. Thus, the goal… (more)

▼ PURPOSE: Glioblastoma is a devastating disease with generally poor prognosis despite multimodal therapy. However, there is significant variability in individual patient outcomes. Thus, the goal of the current work is to use mathematical modeling in combination with serial MR imaging to personalize prognostication on a patient-by-patient level and to help develop individualized, optimized therapy. METHODS: Mathematical modeling was done using a reaction-diffusion partial differential equation to account for glioblastoma cell diffusion as well as proliferation. To individualize the model for each patient, tumor-specific diffusion and proliferation parameters can be derived for each patient using contrast-enhanced T1 and T2 MR imaging from as few as two days. Subsequent projects, as detailed in the attached publications, focused on either (1) improving the accuracy of the model or (2) exploring applications of the model. With regards to improving the model’s accuracy, 3D-DTI data was incorporated to model anisotropic tumor growth in 3 dimensions. Additionally, the model was extended to incorporate the effect of tumor cell necrosis, which is an important component of glioblastoma growth and progression. With regards to applications, the model was used to describe the tumor cell concentration gradient beyond imaging boundaries, optimization of radiation therapy using the technique of genetic algorithms, and evaluation of the effect of the extent of surgical resection on patient survival. RESULTS: There were several important results from this work, as detailed in the attached publications. Incorporation of 3D-DTI data was qualitatively demonstrated to more accurately reproduce tumor growth and response to radiation therapy than the more traditional, one-dimensional tumor model. Additionally, the current work demonstrated the ability to utilize initial tumor location as a personalized parameter in addition to the tumor-specific diffusion and proliferation parameters used in the model. The incorporation of necrosis into the 3D-DTI model was qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrated to reproduce tumor morphology more accurately than one-dimensional, isotropic tumor growth model as well as the 3D model without necrosis. With regards to model applications, it was found that tumors of the same size on MR imaging may have significantly different tumor cell concentration gradients below the threshold of imaging detection. Specifically, tumors with higher diffusion:proliferation ratios were found to have a greater amount of subthreshold disease burden and a greater spatial extent of tumor cells throughout the brain. The current work also demonstrated that the extent of resection required to improve patient outcomes depends on the tumor-specific proliferation coefficient. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of mathematical modeling and serial MR imaging contributes to a more complete understanding of glioblastoma growth and response to treatments including surgical resection and radiation therapy. The ability to personalize the…

Subjects/Keywords: Glioblastoma; Modeling; Mathematics; MRI; DTI

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hathout, L. (2018). Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment. (Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41973526

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hathout, Leith. “Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41973526.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hathout, Leith. “Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment.” 2018. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Hathout L. Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Harvard University; 2018. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41973526.

Council of Science Editors:

Hathout L. Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Growth and Response to Treatment. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Harvard University; 2018. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41973526

7. Jih, Weipeng. Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates.

Degree: MA -MA, Psychology(Functional Area: Developmental Science), 2018, York University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/35598

► We investigate whether adolescents and adults differ in their use of common cognitive processes in solving insight problems. We also investigate whether performance on insight… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Psychology; Insight; Creativity; VBM; DTI

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jih, W. (2018). Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates. (Masters Thesis). York University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10315/35598

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jih, Weipeng. “Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates.” 2018. Masters Thesis, York University. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10315/35598.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jih, Weipeng. “Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates.” 2018. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Jih W. Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. York University; 2018. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/35598.

Council of Science Editors:

Jih W. Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates. [Masters Thesis]. York University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10315/35598

8. Menant, Ophélie. Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions.

Degree: Docteur es, Sciences de la vie et de la santé, spécialité Neurosciences, 2017, Université François-Rabelais de Tours

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4027

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La substance grise périaqueducale (PAG) est une région cérébrale impliquée dans l’expression des réponses émotionnelles chez les mammifères et est décrite comme la structure de… (more)

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La substance grise périaqueducale (PAG) est une région cérébrale impliquée dans l’expression des réponses émotionnelles chez les mammifères et est décrite comme la structure de la stratégie d’adaptation comportementale (coping style) chez le rat et le chat. La PAG est composée de plusieurs subdivisions qui se distinguent par des spécificités fonctionnelles et anatomiques. En particulier, elles présentent des spécificités de connexions avec le reste du cerveau. Afin d’examiner la place de la PAG dans le circuit neuronal des émotions chez le mouton, animal grégaire, nous avons décrit les connexions de la PAG par traçage de voies et tractographie par imagerie par résonance magnétique de diffusion. Nous avons ainsi montré que la PAG ovine est composée de subdivisions qui ont des connexions avec des structures cérébrales impliquées dans les émotions. Ces résultats, cohérents avec ceux obtenus chez d’autres mammifères, placent la PAG dans le circuit neuronal des émotions. Notre étude montre également que l’organisation des connexions de la PAG ovine est d’avantage similaire à celles décrites chez des espèces sociales qu’à celles décrites chez des espèces territoriales et/ou prédatrices. Suite aux connaissances acquises dans ces études, nous pouvons maintenant initier des études fonctionnelles et ainsi confirmer le rôle de la PAG ovine dans les processus émotionnels.

The periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) is a brain region involved in the expression of emotional responses in mammals and is described as the structure of the coping style of behaviours in rats and cats. The PAG is composed of several subdivisions that are distinguished by functional and anatomical specificities. Particularly, they have connections specificities with the rest of the brain. In order to examine the place of the PAG in the neuronal circuit of emotions in sheep, a gregarious species, we described the PAG connections using neuronal tracer and tractography by diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. In this way, we have shown that the sheep PAG is composed of subdivisions which have connections with brain structures involved in emotions. These results, consistent with those obtained in other mammals, place PAG in the neuronal circuit of emotions. Our study also shows that the organization of the sheep PAG connections is more similar to those described in social species than those described in territorial and/or predatory species. Following the knowledge obtained in these studies, now we can initiate functional studies and thus confirm the role of the sheep PAG in emotional processes.

Advisors/Committee Members: Chaillou, Elodie (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Afférences; Efférences; DTI; Coping style; Afferences; Efferences; DTI; Coping style

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Menant, O. (2017). Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université François-Rabelais de Tours. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4027

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Menant, Ophélie. “Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Université François-Rabelais de Tours. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4027.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Menant, Ophélie. “Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions.” 2017. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Menant O. Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université François-Rabelais de Tours; 2017. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4027.

Council of Science Editors:

Menant O. Description de l'organisation anatomique de la substance grise périaqueducale chez la brebis adulte : une région cérébrale impliquée dans les émotions : Description of the anatomical organisation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) in adult ewes : a brain structure involved in emotions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université François-Rabelais de Tours; 2017. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4027

University of Alberta

9. Shafer, Andrea T. Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology.

Degree: PhD, Centre for Neuroscience, 2015, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d570054t

► The current dissertation implemented two large studies involving brain imaging and behavioral methods to expand our current understanding of the impact of emotion on cognition.… (more)

▼ The current dissertation implemented two large studies involving brain imaging and behavioral methods to expand our current understanding of the impact of emotion on cognition. Study one focused on the immediate and long-term impact of emotion on cognition in healthy functioning. Study two focused on identifying alterations in emotional and cognitive processing related to adolescent psychopathology. In Study one, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was implemented in conjunction with; (I-i) an attentional capture paradigm containing different levels of emotional and cognitive challenge, (I-ii) the subsequent memory paradigm where memory for stimuli with different levels of emotional challenge from the attentional capture paradigm were examined, and (I-iii) another subsequent memory paradigm where memory for lure items used in the first subsequent memory paradigm were examined. The structure of this study allowed for the investigation of; (I-i) two competing theories of how emotion and attention interact, (I-ii) factors linking the immediate impact of emotional distraction on goal-oriented task performance and its long-term impact on memory, and (I-iii) brain activity linked to different memory operations occurring during the retrieval of emotional memories. Data were collected on healthy, young adults aged 18 to 35 years. Findings from study one provided novel insights and significant contributions to the cognitive neuroscience of emotion and emotional memory by; (I-i) reconciling two competing theories on the interaction between emotion and attention by taking into consideration the amount of both the emotional and cognitive challenge present, (I-ii) identifying that automatic mechanisms are critical in forming a direct relationship with the immediate impairing and long-term enhancing impact of emotion on cognition, and (I-iii) showing medial temporal lobe activity related to the memory-enhancing effect of emotion at retrieval could be delineated and linked to disparate memory operations (i.e., encoding and retrieval) that both occur during retrieval. In study two, a multi-modal imaging approach was implemented to investigate differences in emotional and cognitive processing in adolescents with Axis-I affective-, attentional- and behavioral-based psychiatric disorders. More specifically, in study two changes in the brain associated with adolescent psychopathology were examined by; (II-i) implementing a modified emotional oddball paradigm in conjunction with electroencephalogram recordings and event-related potential (ERP) analyses to assess differences in emotional response and in the emotional modulation of cognition, (II-ii) implementing a modified emotional oddball paradigm in conjunction with fMRI and whole-brain regional as well as network-based analyses to assess differences in executive processes important for response inhibition, and (II-iii) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and whole-brain voxel based analyses to assess differences in white matter microstructure. Data were collected on 20 healthy and…

Subjects/Keywords: Mental Health; Emotion; fMRI; DTI; Cognition; ERP

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shafer, A. T. (2015). Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d570054t

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shafer, Andrea T. “Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 26, 2020. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d570054t.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shafer, Andrea T. “Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology.” 2015. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Shafer AT. Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2015. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d570054t.

Council of Science Editors:

Shafer AT. Neural Correlates of Emotion-Cognition Interactions in Healthy Functioning and Adolescent Psychopathology. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2015. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d570054t

University of Rochester

10. Liu, Xiaoxu (1977 - ); Zhong, Jianhui. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging : distortion correction methods and their applications in high-resolution in vivo monkey brain scans.

Degree: PhD, 2009, University of Rochester

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/8837

► Magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has emerged as a unique technique to reveal small anatomical structures of brain by characterizing the diffusion process… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: MRI; DTI; Distortion correction; Monkey; in vivo

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liu, Xiaoxu (1977 - ); Zhong, J. (2009). Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging : distortion correction methods and their applications in high-resolution in vivo monkey brain scans. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/8837

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liu, Xiaoxu (1977 - ); Zhong, Jianhui. “Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging : distortion correction methods and their applications in high-resolution in vivo monkey brain scans.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1802/8837.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liu, Xiaoxu (1977 - ); Zhong, Jianhui. “Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging : distortion correction methods and their applications in high-resolution in vivo monkey brain scans.” 2009. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Liu, Xiaoxu (1977 - ); Zhong J. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging : distortion correction methods and their applications in high-resolution in vivo monkey brain scans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2009. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/8837.

Council of Science Editors:

Liu, Xiaoxu (1977 - ); Zhong J. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging : distortion correction methods and their applications in high-resolution in vivo monkey brain scans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/8837

Brigham Young University

11. Doxey, Christopher Robert. A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation.

Degree: PhD, 2016, Brigham Young University

URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7205&context=etd

► Effective memory representations must be specific to prevent interference between episodes that may overlap in terms of place, time, or items present. Pattern separation, a… (more)

▼ Effective memory representations must be specific to prevent interference between episodes that may overlap in terms of place, time, or items present. Pattern separation, a computational process performed by the hippocampus overcomes this interference by establishing non-overlapping memory representations. This project explores pattern separation and how it is impacted by age and sleep. Experiment 1. Structures of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) are known to be involved in declarative memory processes. However, little is known about how age-related changes in MTL structures, white matter integrity, and functional connectivity affect pattern separation processes in the MTL. In the present study, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the volumes of MTL regions of interest, including hippocampal subfields (dentate gyrus, CA3, CA1, and subiculum) in healthy older and younger adults. Additionally, we used diffusion tensor imaging to measure white matter integrity for both groups. Finally, we used functional MRI to acquire resting functional connectivity measures for both groups. We show that, along with age, the volume of left CA3/dentate gyrus predicts memory performance. Differences in fractional anisotropy and the strength of resting functional connections between the hippocampus and other cortical structures implicated in memory processing were not significant predictors of performance. As previous studies have only hinted, it seems that the size of left CA3/dentate gyrus contributes more to successful discrimination between similar mnemonic representations than other hippocampal sub-fields, MTL structures, and other neuroimaging correlates. Accordingly, the implications of aging and atrophy on lure discrimination capacities are discussed. Experiment 2. Although it is widely accepted that declarative memories are consolidated during sleep, the effects of sleep on pattern separation have yet to be elucidated. We used whole-brain, high-resolution functional neuroimaging to investigate the effects of sleep on a task that places high demands on pattern separation. Sleep had a selective effect on memory specificity and not general recognition memory. Activity in brain regions related to attention, visual acuity, and visual recall demonstrated an interaction between sleep and delay. Surprisingly, there was no effect of sleep on hippocampal activity using a group-level analysis. To further understand the role of the hippocampus on our task, we performed a representational similarity analysis. We investigated whether hippocampal activity associated with looking at novel stimuli correlated more with similar-looking (lure) stimuli or repeated stimuli. Results indicate that while a single night's sleep does not significantly impact hippocampal responses, the hippocampus does treat lure stimuli similarly as it does novel stimuli.

Subjects/Keywords: pattern separation; sleep; hippocampus; fMRI; DTI; Physiology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Doxey, C. R. (2016). A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7205&context=etd

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Doxey, Christopher Robert. “A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Brigham Young University. Accessed January 26, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7205&context=etd.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Doxey, Christopher Robert. “A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation.” 2016. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Doxey CR. A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2016. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7205&context=etd.

Council of Science Editors:

Doxey CR. A Neuroimaging Investigation of the Effects of Age and Sleep on Pattern Separation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2016. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7205&context=etd

Cleveland State University

12. Rajagopalan, Venkateswaran. Evaluation of Upper Motor Neuron Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by MRI: Towards Identifying Noninvasive Biomarkers of the Disease.

Degree: Doctor of Engineering, Fenn College of Engineering, 2010, Cleveland State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1288020485

► Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the commonest adult motor neuron disease (MND) which causes progressive muscle paralysis and death usually within 5 years of symptom… (more)

▼ Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the commonest adult motor neuron disease (MND) which causes progressive muscle paralysis and death usually within 5 years of symptom onset. As a result, only ~30,000 individuals in the United States are afflicted at any one time even though 5,000 or more individuals are diagnosed yearly. The diagnosis of ALS requires evidence of degeneration in upper motor neurons (UMNs) in the brain and in lower motor neurons (LMNs) that exit the brainstem and spinal cord to innervate skeletal muscles. Diagnosis can be incorrect or delayed when disease is early or atypical because non-invasive objective tests of UMN involvement do not exist, unlike electromyography to assess the LMN. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and spinal cord is used primarily to identify conditions which mimic ALS, novel MRI sequences and post-processing techniques can identify macroscopic and even sub-macroscopic changes in ALS brain related to neuronoaxonal degeneration (e.g., in corticospinal motor tracts). MRI-based techniques like diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), as well as nuclear medicine modalities like positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) are being used to study brains of patients with ALS. Many previous MRI studies of ALS brain are limited either in methodology or information obtained being primarily qualitative, i.e. changes visible to the naked eye (macroscopic). This study employed both routine and novel MRI sequences to objectively assess gray and white matter pathology of the brain in ALS patients, including T2 relaxometry, DTI, and voxel based morphometry (VBM) of 3D high resolution T1-weighted images. DTI metrics showed significant (p<0.05) changes in rostral extent of corticospinal tract (CST) in ALS patients with predominantly UMN symptoms and signs, and the ALS-dementia patients, whereas more caudal involvement was observed in ALS patients with classic findings of UMN and LMN dysfunction. Significant (p<0.05) grey matter volume and cortical thickness reductions were observed only in the ALS dementia group when compared to controls, which suggests that neurodegeneration might begin as a neuronopathy in these patients. Preserved grey matter volume and cortical thickness in other ALS patients suggests a dying back axonopathy and warrants further study. To our knowledge this is the first study in a large number of ALS patients categorized into different subgroups based on their clinical presentation. Future comparisons of brain MRI and post-mortem histopathology in the same patient will allow radiopathologic correlation of tissue pathology underlying the radiographic changes, including CST hyperintensity. These may reveal differences in pathogenic mechanisms causing ALS which could respond differently to novel pharmacotherapies. Advisors/Committee Members: Yue, Guang (Committee Chair), Pioro, Erik (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Biomedical Research; MRI; UMN; LMN; DTI; CST

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rajagopalan, V. (2010). Evaluation of Upper Motor Neuron Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by MRI: Towards Identifying Noninvasive Biomarkers of the Disease. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cleveland State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1288020485

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rajagopalan, Venkateswaran. “Evaluation of Upper Motor Neuron Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by MRI: Towards Identifying Noninvasive Biomarkers of the Disease.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Cleveland State University. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1288020485.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rajagopalan, Venkateswaran. “Evaluation of Upper Motor Neuron Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by MRI: Towards Identifying Noninvasive Biomarkers of the Disease.” 2010. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Rajagopalan V. Evaluation of Upper Motor Neuron Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by MRI: Towards Identifying Noninvasive Biomarkers of the Disease. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cleveland State University; 2010. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1288020485.

Council of Science Editors:

Rajagopalan V. Evaluation of Upper Motor Neuron Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by MRI: Towards Identifying Noninvasive Biomarkers of the Disease. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cleveland State University; 2010. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1288020485

Leiden University

13. Vesseur, Luna. Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study.

Degree: 2016, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/44591

Subjects/Keywords: DTI; ostracism; stress

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Vesseur, L. (2016). Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/44591

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vesseur, Luna. “Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/44591.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vesseur, Luna. “Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study.” 2016. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Vesseur L. Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2016. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/44591.

Council of Science Editors:

Vesseur L. Stress and ostracism: A diffusion tensor imaging-study. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/44591

University of Manchester

14. Smallman, Richard. Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Manchester

URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schizotypy-and-the-association-with-brain-function-and-structure(c8f5a318-5a89-412d-b422-1eedb80e43f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606900

► Introduction: Schizotypy is a personality trait that shares some of the characteristics of clinical disorders such as schizophrenia. Similarities are found in expression of psychotic-like… (more)

▼ Introduction: Schizotypy is a personality trait that shares some of the characteristics of clinical disorders such as schizophrenia. Similarities are found in expression of psychotic-like experiences and presence of attenuated negative signs. Furthermore, schizotypal samples are associated with impairments in cognitive tasks, albeit in a less comprised form. For these reasons and others, schizotypy is considered a part of the extended-phenotype of schizophrenia and as such can be utilised as an analogue sample without some of theconfounds associated with illness. Objective: The aim of the PhD is to examine the relationship of schizotypal features and brain function and structure in a sample of adolescents and young adults (age 16-25 years). This will attempt to provide further evidence for the placement of schizotypy on the continuum, along with insights into pathophysiological mechanisms involved in schizophrenia and related disorders. Methods: The study involved three main phases: recruitment via an online survey, further neuropsychological testing and brain imaging on selected high schizotypes and controls. The thesis comprises 5 papers/experiments. Paper 1 utilises confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the factorial structure of the schizotypal personality questionnaire (SPQ) in a community sample aged 16-25 years. It also examined the effects of demographics on schizotypal levels. Paper 2 examined the association between schizotypy and measures of sustained attention and spatial working memory both in a total sample, and in samples split by age and by sex. Paper 3 further examined the association between schizotypy and cognition laboratory tests of attention, executive function and verbal learning/memory. Paper 4 tested the same participants on measures of functional brain asymmetry. Paper 5 used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine white matter structures in a sample of high schizotypes and controls. Results: Paper 1 confirmed that the SPQ is most appropriately modelled by a four-factor structure in an adolescent and young adult sample. Demographic effects on SPQ subscales scores mirrored those seen in clinical samples. Paper 2 found that where small associations between schizotypy and sustained attention/spatial working memory function occurred, these were in relation to either age of sex. Paper 3 demonstrated an association between increased schizotypal features and a slight reduction in performance on verbal learning/memory, but no association with tasks of executive function or attention. In Paper 4, schizotypy was associated with a left-hemifield bias on a computerised line bisection task. Paper 5 found that a group of high schizotypes had an increase in tract coherence in the uncinate fasciculus compared to controls. Furthermore, increasing subclinical hallucinatory experiences were associated with increased tract coherence in the right hemisphere arcuate fasciculus. Conclusions: Schizotypy was associated with changes in brain function and structure similar to that demonstrated in more…

Subjects/Keywords: 616.85; schizotypy; cognition; DTI; tractography; lateralisation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smallman, R. (2012). Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schizotypy-and-the-association-with-brain-function-and-structure(c8f5a318-5a89-412d-b422-1eedb80e43f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606900

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smallman, Richard. “Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 26, 2020. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schizotypy-and-the-association-with-brain-function-and-structure(c8f5a318-5a89-412d-b422-1eedb80e43f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606900.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smallman, Richard. “Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure.” 2012. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Smallman R. Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2012. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schizotypy-and-the-association-with-brain-function-and-structure(c8f5a318-5a89-412d-b422-1eedb80e43f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606900.

Council of Science Editors:

Smallman R. Schizotypy and the association with brain function and structure. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2012. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schizotypy-and-the-association-with-brain-function-and-structure(c8f5a318-5a89-412d-b422-1eedb80e43f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606900

University of Southern California

15. Sobhani, Mona. Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a community sample: the role of trait anxiety.

Degree: PhD, Neuroscience, 2013, University of Southern California

URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/324192/rec/5304

► Psychopathy is a personality disorder comprised of a constellation of traits, such as lack of remorse, lack of empathy, impulsivity, and irresponsibility. Although much research… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: psychopathy; prefrontal; amygdala; community; fMRI; DTI

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sobhani, M. (2013). Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a community sample: the role of trait anxiety. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/324192/rec/5304

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sobhani, Mona. “Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a community sample: the role of trait anxiety.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Southern California. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/324192/rec/5304.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sobhani, Mona. “Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a community sample: the role of trait anxiety.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Sobhani M. Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a community sample: the role of trait anxiety. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2013. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/324192/rec/5304.

Council of Science Editors:

Sobhani M. Psychopathic traits and the fronto-amygdala circuit in a community sample: the role of trait anxiety. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2013. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/324192/rec/5304

University of Wolverhampton

16. Yan, Jiajia. Statistical Analysis on Diffusion Tensor Estimation.

Degree: 2017, University of Wolverhampton

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621860

► Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a relatively new technology of magnetic resonance imaging, which enables us to observe the insight structure of the human body… (more)

▼ Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a relatively new technology of magnetic resonance imaging, which enables us to observe the insight structure of the human body in vivo and non-invasively. It displays water molecule movement by a 3×3 diffusion tensor at each voxel. Tensor field processing, visualisation and tractography are all based on the diffusion tensors. The accuracy of estimating diffusion tensor is essential in DTI. This research focuses on exploring the potential improvements at the tensor estimation of DTI. We analyse the noise arising in the measurement of diffusion signals. We present robust methods, least median squares (LMS) and least trimmed squares (LTS) regressions, with forward search algorithm that reduce or eliminate outliers to the desired level. An investigation of the criterion to detect outliers is provided in theory and practice. We compare the results with the generalised non-robust models in simulation studies and applicants and also validated various regressions in terms of FA, MD and orientations. We show that the robust methods can handle the data with up to 50% corruption. The robust regressions have better estimations than generalised models in the presence of outliers. We also consider the multiple tensors problems. We review the recent techniques of multiple tensor problems. Then we provide a new model considering neighbours’ information, the Bayesian single and double tensor models using neighbouring tensors as priors, which can identify the double tensors effectively. We design a framework to estimate the diffusion tensor field with detecting whether it is a single tensor model or multiple tensor model. An output of this framework is the Bayesian neighbour (BN) algorithm that improves the accuracy at the intersection of multiple fibres. We examine the dependence of the estimators on the FA and MD and angle between two principal diffusion orientations and the goodness of fit. The Bayesian models are applied to the real data with validation. We show that the double tensors model is more accurate on distinct fibre orientations, more anisotropic or similar mean diffusivity tensors. The final contribution of this research is in covariance tensor estimation. We define the median covariance matrix in terms of Euclidean and various non-Euclidean metrics taking its symmetric semi-positive definiteness into account. We compare with estimation methods, Euclidean, power Euclidean, square root Euclidean, log-Euclidean, Riemannian Euclidean and Procrustes median tensors. We provide an analysis of the different metric between different median covariance tensors. We also provide the weighting functions and define the weighted non-Euclidean covariance tensors. We finish with manifold-valued data applications that improve the illustration of DTI images in tensor field processing with defined non-weighted and weighted median tensors. The validation of non-Euclidean methods is studied in the tensor field processing. We show that the root square median estimator is…

Subjects/Keywords: DTI; tensor estimation; robust; Bayesian; non-Euclidean

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yan, J. (2017). Statistical Analysis on Diffusion Tensor Estimation. (Thesis). University of Wolverhampton. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621860

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yan, Jiajia. “Statistical Analysis on Diffusion Tensor Estimation.” 2017. Thesis, University of Wolverhampton. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621860.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yan, Jiajia. “Statistical Analysis on Diffusion Tensor Estimation.” 2017. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Yan J. Statistical Analysis on Diffusion Tensor Estimation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Wolverhampton; 2017. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621860.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yan J. Statistical Analysis on Diffusion Tensor Estimation. [Thesis]. University of Wolverhampton; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621860

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Arizona

17. Dailey, Natalie S. Neurological Models of Dyslexia .

Degree: 2016, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622935

► The reading network is only partially understood and even less is known regarding how the network functions when reading is impaired. Dyslexia is characterized by… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Dyslexia; Reading network; Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dailey, N. S. (2016). Neurological Models of Dyslexia . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622935

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dailey, Natalie S. “Neurological Models of Dyslexia .” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622935.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dailey, Natalie S. “Neurological Models of Dyslexia .” 2016. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Dailey NS. Neurological Models of Dyslexia . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2016. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622935.

Council of Science Editors:

Dailey NS. Neurological Models of Dyslexia . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622935

University of California – Riverside

18. Nishioka, Christopher Arata. Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease.

Degree: Neuroscience, 2018, University of California – Riverside

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4r51p6r6

► This dissertation seeks to clarify links between non-invasive radiological and optical biomarkers, neuropathology and neurodegeneration within axon tracts during neurodegenerative disease, with focus on Alzheimer's… (more)

▼ This dissertation seeks to clarify links between non-invasive radiological and optical biomarkers, neuropathology and neurodegeneration within axon tracts during neurodegenerative disease, with focus on Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Data contained in these studies were gathered from a variety of different model systems with different modes of neurodegeneration relevant to human clinical findings. Our studies utilized the visual system to model the axonal degeneration process and evaluate biomarkers of axon tract injury. First, a comprehensive analysis of visual system white matter integrity was performed in AD, MCI and control patients, using diffusion tensor images (DTIs) drawn from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Our findings establish the visual system as a white matter pathway affected during AD. Next, we used a retinal ischemia model to characterize spatiotemporal patterns of axonal degeneration in the visual system by DTI in Wallerian Degeneration Slow mice. Our results reveal an ability to identify propagating anterograde degeneration along the optic nerve and tract. Next, we used a Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis model to simulate retrograde axonal degeneration in the visual system and characterize the longitudinal relationship between DTI-measured axon loss and optical coherence tomography measured retinal thinning. Our data clarify the relationship between the biomarkers, and establish the correlation between each and magnitudes of axon loss. Next, we evaluated whether axonal transport function, a key putative factor in AD-related axonal degeneration could be related to DTI properties in the p301L tau transgenic model using Manganese-enhanced MRI. Our data expose a novel connection between restricted diffusion in the ON and compromised axonal transport function. Lastly, we tested whether retrograde axonal degeneration could be triggered by Aβ-induced tau pathology. Our results reveal a temporal pattern of damage that appears to emanate from the presyanpse toward cell bodies, and result in loss of white matter integrity in a manner similar to what is observed in humans during AD. Additionally, our experiments reveal the critical role of initial Aβ-induced tau phosphorylation, and imply that blocking this step by microtubule-stabilizing compounds may prevent downstream axon and cell loss. This process may be integral to understand the widespread white matter damage observed in Alzheimer's Disease.

Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Alzheimer's Disease; Axonal Degeneration; DTI

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nishioka, C. A. (2018). Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4r51p6r6

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nishioka, Christopher Arata. “Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease.” 2018. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4r51p6r6.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nishioka, Christopher Arata. “Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease.” 2018. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Nishioka CA. Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2018. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4r51p6r6.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nishioka CA. Neuropathology, Neurodegeneration and Axon Loss During Alzheimer's Disease. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2018. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4r51p6r6

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Washington

19. Wang, Erzhuo. Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation.

Degree: 2013, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/24183

► Connectivity has been proposed as a criterion for functional-anatomic segregation of cortical areas. In this thesis, I present a new method of characterizing the DTI-based… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Clustering; Connectivity; DTI; Parcelation; Biomedical engineering; bioengineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, E. (2013). Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation. (Thesis). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/24183

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Erzhuo. “Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation.” 2013. Thesis, University of Washington. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/24183.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Erzhuo. “Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Wang E. Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2013. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/24183.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wang E. Multi-subject Connectivity-Based Parcellation. [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/24183

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Rochester

20. Zhu, Tong (1974 - ). Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis.

Degree: PhD, 2011, University of Rochester

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/14427

► Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) depicts tissue morphology via unique patterns of random molecular motions of water inside tissues. DTI-derived parameters have been explored as surrogate… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Diffusion Tensor Imaging; DTI; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; MRI; Measurement uncertainty; Wild bootstrap; DTI protocol; Optimization

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zhu, T. (. -. ). (2011). Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/14427

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhu, Tong (1974 - ). “Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1802/14427.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhu, Tong (1974 - ). “Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis.” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Zhu T(-). Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2011. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/14427.

Council of Science Editors:

Zhu T(-). Towards optimal human magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) protocols with wild bootstrap analysis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/14427

21. Mseddi, Eya. Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Degree: Docteur es, Sciences et techniques des activités physiques et sportives, 2017, Université Paris X – Nanterre

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100162

►

La sclérose latérale amyotrophique [SLA] est une pathologie idiopathique à issue fatale caractérisée par la dégénérescence progressive et sélective des motoneurones du système nerveux central… (more)

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La sclérose latérale amyotrophique [SLA] est une pathologie idiopathique à issue fatale caractérisée par la dégénérescence progressive et sélective des motoneurones du système nerveux central et périphérique. La SLA n’est pas exclusivement identifiée comme une maladie de la voie pyramidale, mais considérée plus largement comme une pathologie neurodégénérative multisystème. L’étude des mécanismes posturaux dans cette population n’a pas fait l’objet d’une grande attention. Dans ce travail de thèse, une exploration en imagerie cérébrale multimodale (imagerie en tenseur de diffusion [DTI] et morphométrie basée sur le voxel [VBM]) est proposée chez des patients SLA avec instabilité posturale [AIP] et stables [SIP] en vue de vérifier l’intégrité morphologique et structurelle des régions corticales et sous-corticales posturales. La comparaison entre les sujets contrôles et les patients SLA a démontré une augmentation significative du volume de la substance grise au niveau du noyau caudé chez les patients stables (SIP vs contrôle p<0,001 ; SIP vs AIP p<0,01). L’évaluation structurelle a révélé une diminution de la fraction d’anisotropie [FA] au niveau de l’aire motrice supplémentaire [AMS] dans les deux groupes de patients par rapport aux contrôles (contrôle vs SIP p<0,05 ; contrôle vs AIP p<0,001). Au niveau du noyau caudé, le groupe AIP a présenté une diminution de la valeur de la FA par rapport aux sujets contrôles (p<0,001) et aux sujets SIP (p<0,05). Ainsi, ces résultats contribuent à une meilleure caractérisation et compréhension des atteintes corticales et sous corticales des régions qui interviennent dans la posture chez les patients SLA.

The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [ALS] is an idiopathic pathology with a fatal outcome. It is characterized by a progressive and selective degeneration of motor neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system. ALS is no longer exclusively identified as a disease of the pyramidal pathway, but it is considered more broadly as multisystem neurodegenerative pathology. However, the analysis of postural processes in these patients has not been well studied in the literature. Multimodal brain imaging (Diffusion Tensor Imaging [DTI] and Voxel Based Morphometry [VBM]) exploration was performed for ALS patients with postural instability [AIP] and without postural instability [SIP] to test the morphometric and structural integrity of postural cortical and subcortical regions. A significant increase of gray matter in caudate nucleus volume has been noticed for stable patients (SIP vs controls p<0.001, SIP vs AIP p<0.01). The structural evaluation revealed a decrease of the Fractional Anisotropy [FA] at the Supplementary Motor Area [SMA] level in both groups of patients compared to controls (controls vs SIP p<0.05, controls vs. AIP p<0.001). At the caudate nucleus, the AIP group showed FA value decrease compared to controls (p<0.001) and SIP subjects (p<0.05). Thus, these results would contribute to a better characterization and understanding of the cortical and subcortical impairments…

Advisors/Committee Members: Marco, Giovanni de (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: SLA; DTI; VBM; AMS; Posture; Noyau caudé; ALS; DTI; VBM; SMA; Posture; Caudate Nucleus

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mseddi, E. (2017). Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Paris X – Nanterre. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100162

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mseddi, Eya. “Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Paris X – Nanterre. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100162.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mseddi, Eya. “Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.” 2017. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Mseddi E. Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Paris X – Nanterre; 2017. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100162.

Council of Science Editors:

Mseddi E. Exploration cérébrale structurelle et morphologique de la posture chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique : Structural and morphological brain exploration of posture in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Paris X – Nanterre; 2017. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100162

Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI

22. Dupont, Damien. Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Degree: Docteur es, Physique, 2013, Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112021

►

L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer des méthodes IRM permettant d’étudier l’impact d’une ischémie focale transitoire sur le cerveau de rat nouveau-né. Les techniques… (more)

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L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer des méthodes IRM permettant d’étudier l’impact d’une ischémie focale transitoire sur le cerveau de rat nouveau-né. Les techniques utilisées sont l’imagerie à contraste renforcé par le manganèse (MEMRI), l’imagerie du tenseur de diffusion (DTI) ainsi que de façon préliminaire l’imagerie Q-ball (QBI). Le MEMRI après injection intra cérébrale a été utilisé afin d’étudier de manière dynamique le tractus cortico-thalamique, en parallèle le DTI a servi de marqueur de la structuration cérébrale. Les résultats ont montré une atteinte du tractus cortico-thalamique ipsi-latéral, sept et quatorze jours après ischémie. De manière générale le DTI a montré une structuration ralentie à la suite de l’ischémie. A partir de ces résultats la faisabilité d’une méthode d’acquisition rapide et de traitement de données Q-ball a été établie puis testée sur un animal immature. Les méthodes mises en place se sont révélées efficaces dans le suivi de la maturation cérébrale dans des conditions normales ainsi que pathologiques, ouvrant des perspectives d’études liées au développement cérébral.

The thesis aim is to develop MRI methods to study the impact of focal transient ischemia in neonatal rat brain. The principal techniques used are MEMRI (Manganese Enhanced MRI), DTI (Diffusion Tensor Imaging) and QBI (Q-Ball Imaging). MEMRI was used to observe in a dynamic way the cortico-thalamic manganese transport combined with the structural informations extracted from the DTI experiments. Results have shown a cortico-thalamic pathway disturbance, at seven and fourteen days after ischemia. Globally DTI results have shown a slowed brain structuration. From these results, the feasibility of a fast acquisition method and the post processing steps of Q-ball protocol was established and applied in an immature rat. The different MRI protocols developed during this thesis have shown good efficiency to follow the rat brain maturation, in healthy and pathological conditions, thus opening new perspectives for brain development studies.

Advisors/Committee Members: Gillet, Brigitte (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: IRM; Développement cérébral; Rat; Ischémie; MEMRI; DTI; QBI; Tractographie; MRI; Brain development; Rat; Stroke; MEMRI; DTI; QBI; Fiber tracking

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dupont, D. (2013). Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112021

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dupont, Damien. “Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112021.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dupont, Damien. “Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Dupont D. Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI; 2013. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112021.

Council of Science Editors:

Dupont D. Cartographie in vivo des remaniements anatomo-fonctionnels de l’architecture des réseaux neuronaux dans le système nerveux central au cours du développement par Imagerie du Tenseur de Diffusion et Imagerie renforcée par le manganèse : In vivo study of anatomo-functional changes in the central nervous system during development using diffusion tensor imaging and manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI; 2013. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112021

23. Yrondi, Antoine. Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM.

Degree: Docteur es, Neurosciences, 2018, Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30062

►

Introduction : L'électroconvulsivothérapie (ECT) est un traitement non pharmacologique du trouble dépressif résistant. Bien que son efficacité ait été démontrée dans cette indication, les mécanismes… (more)

▼

Introduction : L'électroconvulsivothérapie (ECT) est un traitement non pharmacologique du trouble dépressif résistant. Bien que son efficacité ait été démontrée dans cette indication, les mécanismes cérébraux qui sous-tendent ce processus restent très imprécis. Il n'existe actuellement pas de travail étudiant l'effet d'une ECT efficace au niveau des modifications structurofonctionnelles cérébrales. Il semble primordial de poursuivre l'étude des corrélats neuroanatomiques précoces et plus tardifs sous tendant les processus neurofonctionnels responsables de l'amélioration de la clinique. Méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude mono centrique menée sur le CHU de Toulouse. Chez des patients présentant un trouble dépressif résistant, des évaluations cliniques et en IRM multimodale sont réalisées à 4 temps. La 1ère évaluation a lieu avant le début de la cure, la 2ème après une 1ère ECT, la 3ème après une 1ère ECT efficace et la 4ème après rémission.Résultats: Concernant le volume de l'hippocampe et de l'amygdale à la première visite n'était pas diffèrent du volume à la troisième visite (t(135) = .329, p = .94). Au contraire, il y avait une différence significatif entre le volume de deux structures entre la première et la quatrième visite (t(135) = -2.47, p = .039) et entre la troisième et la quatrième visite (t(135) = -3.51, p = .002). Concernant la diffusivité moyenne en tant que l'effet des visites tend vers la significativité pour la DM (F(2,136) = 2.67, p = .072). En IRM resting state, il existe une hypoconnectivité précoce entre (i) l'hippocampe Droit et le cortex Cingulaire antérieur dorsal (t = -6.20 ; pFDR : 0.0123) ; (ii) l'hippocampe Droit et le noyaux caudé gauche ( t = -7.69 ; pFDR : 0.0035) et (iii) le vermis cervelet et le precuneus (t = -5.93 p FDR : 0.0363). Il existe une hyperconnectivité entre V4 et V1 entre (i) le cortex orbito frontal médian droit et le gyrus occipital médian (t = 6.58 ; p FDR : 0.0146) et (ii) le gyrus frontal inférieur droit et le cortex fronto median gauche (t = 6.83 ; pFDR : 0.0104). Il existe une diminution significative des symptomes de depression entre la V4 et la V1 à l'échelle d'Hamilton (V4: 3,08 ET : 1,62 ; V1 : 23,17 ET : 3,21 ; p <0.001).Conclusion : Il semble exister des modifications structuro-fonctionnelle à l'issu de la cure d'ECT sans modifications structurelles et micro structurelles précoces.

Background: Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is a non-pharmacological treatment of resistant depressive disorder. Although its efficacy has been demonstrated in this indication, the brain mechanisms underlying this process remain very imprecise. There is currently no work studying the effect of one effective ECT on cerebral structural changes. It seems essential to continue the study of the early and late neuroanatomical correlates underlying neurofunctional processes responsible for improving the clinic. Methods: This is a mono-centric study conducted on the Toulouse University Hospital. In patients with resistant depressive disorder, clinical and multimodal MRI assessments are…

Advisors/Committee Members: Arbus, Christophe (thesis director), Péran, Patrice (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: ECT; Dépression; Trouble dépressif; Episode dépressif caractérisé; IRM; DTI; Resting state; Mémoire; ECT; Major depressive disorder; MRI; DTI; Resting state; Memory

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Yrondi, A. (2018). Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30062

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yrondi, Antoine. “Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30062.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yrondi, Antoine. “Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM.” 2018. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Yrondi A. Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier; 2018. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30062.

Council of Science Editors:

Yrondi A. Modifications structuro-fonctionnelles cérébrales chez des sujets dépressifs sévères avant et après traitement par électroconvulsivothérapie : étude exploratoire ECTIM : Structural-functional brain changes in depressed patients before and after treatment with electroconvulsive therapy : a pilot study ECTIM. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier; 2018. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30062

Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul

24. Duarte, Juliana Ávila. Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral.

Degree: 2015, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131192

► O transtorno bipolar (TB) é uma das doenças psiquiátricas mais comuns e com altas taxas de morbimortalidade. Existe uma busca de um modelo neurofisiológico que… (more)

▼ O transtorno bipolar (TB) é uma das doenças psiquiátricas mais comuns e com altas taxas de morbimortalidade. Existe uma busca de um modelo neurofisiológico que poderia fornecer medidas objetivas para o diagnóstico desta doença, bem como fornecer parâmetros fisiológicos para monitorar a progressão, quantificar o dano causado pela mesma e prever a resposta ao tratamento na tentativa de direcionar a terapêutica adequada a cada estágio e evitar sua progressão. Kapczinski et al (2014) propôs um modelo de estadiamento do TB baseado em sintomas interepisódio, biomarcadores (inflamatórios e neuroplásticos) e dano cognitivo. Na última década, técnicas de neuroimagem e de genética proliferaram e vem se tornando promissoras ferramentas para se estabelecer a base de modelos neurofisiológicos do TB. Embora o prejuízo cognitivo já esteja bem descrito na literatura, o conhecimento sobre as alterações de conectividade em estudos de neuroimagem associadas a esta condição ainda é escasso. A atual pesquisa se propos a investigar os mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar com enfoque na substância branca (SB) cerebral. Primeiramente foi feita uma revisão sistemática da literatura internacional de estudos que correlacionaram o TB e estudo de tensor de difusão (DTI) por ressonância magnética (RM). Foram incluidos 18 trabalhos que fechavam com os critérios da pesquisa. Os trabalhos mostraram nas análises de DTI alterações na integridade da SB entre o os pacientes com TB em comparação com os controles normais. Essas alterações foram encontradas especialmente nos tratos de SB implicados em conectar uma ampla gama de redes neurais, incluindo as regiões estriatais ventrais e fronto-temporais. A maioria dos estudos mostrou valores de anisotropia fracionada (FA) reduzidos em tratos comissurais inter-hemisféricos e de associação frontolímbicos, com destaque para o corpo caloso que foi a estrutura mais acometida nos diferentes estudos. Estes achados são concordantes com a "síndrome de desconexão" que é encontrada em pacientes com TB. O segundo propósito desta tese foi fazer uma comparação dos volumes de substância branca total, do volume do corpo caloso e do volume total de substância cinzenta entre pacientes com TB em estagio inicial e avançado em relação aos seus respectivos controles normais pareados para sexo, idade, hemisfério dominante e nível de escolaridade. A análise de volumetria das estruturas corticais e subcorticais foi feita por meio de método de segmentação automatizada pelo software Freesurfer. Foram avaliados 55 sujeitos, sendo 29 pacientes com TB e 26 controles normais. A análise volumétrica encontrou redução da SB total e do volume do corpo caloso tanto em pacientes com TB no estagio inicial quanto tardio da doença. O volume de susbtância cinzenta (SC) total estava reduzido somente nos pacientes com TB em estágio tardio. Estes achados são inéditos na literatura e podem explicar a síndrome desconectiva dos pacientes com TB desde os estágios iniciais e o declínio cognitivo acentuado dos pacientes em estágios… Advisors/Committee Members: Gama, Clarissa Severino.

Subjects/Keywords: Bipolar disorder; Transtorno bipolar; DTI; Neuroimagem; Anisotropia; Volumetry; White matter; Neuroprogression

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Duarte, J. �. (2015). Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131192

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Duarte, Juliana Ávila. “Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral.” 2015. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131192.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Duarte, Juliana Ávila. “Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral.” 2015. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Duarte J�. Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2015. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131192.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Duarte J�. Mecanismos fisiopatológicos do transtorno do humor bipolar : enfoque na substância branca cerebral. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131192

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

25. Kersbergen, K.J. Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns.

Degree: 2015, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/308989

► To unravel the pathophysiology underlying the large percentage of preterm born infants that will demonstrate neurodevelopmental impairments during childhood, a better understanding of brain development… (more)

▼ To unravel the pathophysiology underlying the large percentage of preterm born infants that will demonstrate neurodevelopmental impairments during childhood, a better understanding of brain development during what would have been the third trimester of pregnancy is needed. The aim of this thesis was to study longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm infants. We did so by utilizing serial MRI scans of a cohort of preterm infants born before a gestation of 28 weeks, that were scanned around 30 weeks postmenstrual age and again around term-equivalent age. In this thesis, we show that volumetric measurements, the progression of cortical folding, microstructural development of the white matter and functional connectivity networks all confirm the central-peripheral and occipital-frontal gradient of brain development. Several clinical risk factors for deviations in brain development were studied and prolonged mechanical ventilation, whether as a representative of lung damage or of overall severity of illness, has the most severe negative influence on brain development throughout the different studies. By utilizing serial scans, we show that the remote effects of brain injury will become evident in the period between 30 and 40 weeks gestation, whereas the direct effects are already established by 30 weeks. Relating these findings to neurodevelopmental outcome around two years of age showed significant but modest effects, suggesting that outcome at a later age is needed to find deficits caused by mild brain injury. Punctate white matter lesions, nowadays the most common form of white matter injury in preterm infants, were seen in two distinctive patterns, suggestive of a difference in underlying pathology. Additional sequences (diffusion and susceptibility weighted imaging) are needed to reliably distinguish both. Volumetric growth showed regional differences with by far the largest growth in the cerebellum, which is also affected most by brain damage. The use of hydrocortisone for developing chronic lung disease, however, did not influence overall brain size or cerebellar volumes. While studying the progression of cortical folding, adult brain asymmetries were shown to develop already during the last ten weeks of gestation. In addition, cortical surface area and depth were correlated with neurodevelopmental outcomes at two years of age. Utilizing diffusion tensor imaging showed increases of fractional anisotropy in the white matter, but decreases in the cortex, fitting with the theory of cortical development. Damage to the corticospinal tracts in infants with cystic periventricular leukomalacia was seen within weeks after the insult, while the remote effects on thalamic volume develop over time and become clear at term-equivalent age. Finally, immature functional networks were already present at 30 weeks and were similar to adult networks. Both structural and functional connectivity networks develop between 30 weeks and term-equivalent age leading to an increase in integration capacity. Identifying… Advisors/Committee Members: Vries, L.S. de, Viergever, M.A., Benders, M.J.N.L., Groenendaal, F..

Subjects/Keywords: Preterm; MRI; cortical folding; volumetrics; DTI; fMRI; PWML; c-PVL; neurodevelopment

11 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kersbergen, K. J. (2015). Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns. (Doctoral Dissertation). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/308989

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kersbergen, K J. “Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/308989.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kersbergen, K J. “Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns.” 2015. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Kersbergen KJ. Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2015. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/308989.

Council of Science Editors:

Kersbergen KJ. Longitudinal brain development in extremely preterm newborns. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2015. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/308989

University of Newcastle

26. Jolly, Todd. White matter microstructural decline and cognitive performance in older adults: the influence of cardiovascualr health.

Degree: PhD, 2016, University of Newcastle

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1316856

►

Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Age-related cognitive decline is well documented, especially in memory, speed of processing and executive functions. Structural brain changes… (more)

▼

Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Age-related cognitive decline is well documented, especially in memory, speed of processing and executive functions. Structural brain changes are also well documented but often do not directly map onto the mild cognitive decline seen in otherwise healthy older adults. Recent work has focused on whether cognitive ageing is associated with decline in the strength of structural connectivity between neural regions, using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). Reduced integrity of white matter microstructure across the whole brain and in regions of interest, as measured by fractional anisotropy (FA), has been shown to be associated with cognitive decline in older adults who show no signs of dementia. This thesis uses dMRI tractography to examine the association between multiple measures of white matter microstructure across the whole brain and in 18 major white matter tracts and cognitive performance on a range of tasks that vary in process specificity. Seventy non-demented older adults (aged 43-87y) with varying degree of white matter disease completed a comprehensive cognitive and imaging assessment. Cognitive functioning was assessed at three levels: Firstly, global cognitive functioning was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Then through the use of standardised neuropsychological tests, more specific cognitive domains of working memory, episodic memory, executive function and processing speed were assessed. An experimental task switching paradigm was then used to assess more specific components of executive function relating to proactive and reactive control processes. These showed that ability to detect the impact of tract-specific changes in white matter microstructure on cognitive performance was dependent on the specificity of the cognitive test. Although, irrespective of the level of cognitive assessment, the relationship between decline in white matter microstructural integrity and cognitive performance was specific only to participants with poor cardiovascular health. These findings suggest that cognitive and brain ageing profiles in older adults vary as a function of cardiovascular health and have strong implications for theories of cognitive ageing. They also emphasise the importance of cardiovascular health in prevention or delay in onset of cognitive decline in old age.

Advisors/Committee Members: University of Newcastle. Faculty of Science & Information Technology, School of Psychology.

Subjects/Keywords: white matter; ageing; cognitive decline; task switching; DTI; radial diffusivity; tractography

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Jolly, T. (2016). White matter microstructural decline and cognitive performance in older adults: the influence of cardiovascualr health. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Newcastle. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1316856

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jolly, Todd. “White matter microstructural decline and cognitive performance in older adults: the influence of cardiovascualr health.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Newcastle. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1316856.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jolly, Todd. “White matter microstructural decline and cognitive performance in older adults: the influence of cardiovascualr health.” 2016. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Jolly T. White matter microstructural decline and cognitive performance in older adults: the influence of cardiovascualr health. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Newcastle; 2016. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1316856.

Council of Science Editors:

Jolly T. White matter microstructural decline and cognitive performance in older adults: the influence of cardiovascualr health. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Newcastle; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1316856

Rochester Institute of Technology

27. Michael, Andrew M. Imaging schizophrenia: data fusion approaches to characterize and classify.

Degree: Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science (COS), 2009, Rochester Institute of Technology

URL: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/4550

► Schizophrenia is a complex, chronic and disabling mental disorder that affects about one percent of the adult population. The etiology of schizophrenia remains elusive and… (more)

▼ Schizophrenia is a complex, chronic and disabling mental disorder that affects about one percent of the adult population. The etiology of schizophrenia remains elusive and to date there are no image based tools to diagnose it. Advancements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have enabled researchers to develop less invasive and in vivo techniques, such as structural MRI (sMRI), functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), to construct theories about the neural underpinnings of schizophrenia. With sMRI, fMRI and DTI the distribution of tissues, the functional activity and the brain network are imaged respectively. Subjects with schizophrenia (SZ) and healthy controls (HC) are scanned with different modalities to identify differences, but the analysis of each modality has traditionally been carried out separately. Data fusion of multimodal data and an analysis of the joint information may hold the key to reveal hidden traces of this subtle disorder. In this work we develop techniques to correlate sMRI with fMRI, fMRI with other fMRI and DTI with symptom scores. The brain is a highly interconnected organ and local morphology can influence functional activity at distant regions. Through our methods it is possible to perform a cross correlation analysis between modalities incorporating all brain voxels. By reducing the large cross correlation matrix to useful statistics new aspects of schizophrenia are revealed. The methods introduced are simple, easy to implement and efficient. In another effort we modify canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to fuse two sets of brain data to locate brain regions with significant correlations. The new differential features identified through our fusion methods are used to classify subjects. The sMRI–fMRI fusion indicates that the linkage between gray matter and functional activity probed by a sensorimotor task is weaker in SZ than in HC. Linkages between functional activity and structural regions in the cerebellum and the prefrontal cortex are found to be aberrant in SZ. The pair wise fusion of four different fMRI tasks shows that SZ activate to different tasks less uniquely than do HC. The above results support the ‘disconnection hypothesis’ of schizophrenia and the ‘theory of cognitive dysmetria’. DTI–symptom score fusion indicates that regions in the superior longitudinal fasciculus have high DTI–symptom correlations. Our preliminary classification efforts show high success rates in the leave–one–out scheme. The results presented in this work reveal several novel and interesting findings to better understand schizophrenia. The methods introduced are general, and can be easily applied to healthy and other pathological brain data to explore brain behavior. Advisors/Committee Members: Baum, Stefi, Calhoun, Vince, Bajorski, Peter.

Subjects/Keywords: Brain imaging; Data fusion; DTI; fMRI; MRI; Schizophrenia

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APA (6^th Edition):

Michael, A. M. (2009). Imaging schizophrenia: data fusion approaches to characterize and classify. (Thesis). Rochester Institute of Technology. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/4550

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Michael, Andrew M. “Imaging schizophrenia: data fusion approaches to characterize and classify.” 2009. Thesis, Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed January 26, 2020. https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/4550.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Michael, Andrew M. “Imaging schizophrenia: data fusion approaches to characterize and classify.” 2009. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Michael AM. Imaging schizophrenia: data fusion approaches to characterize and classify. [Internet] [Thesis]. Rochester Institute of Technology; 2009. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/4550.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Michael AM. Imaging schizophrenia: data fusion approaches to characterize and classify. [Thesis]. Rochester Institute of Technology; 2009. Available from: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/4550

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Brigham Young University

28. Merkley, Tricia L. Imaging and Behavioral Correlates of the Anterior Cingulate in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury.

Degree: PhD, 2012, Brigham Young University

URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3947&context=etd

► The anterior cingulate has been implicated in a number of cognitive processes that are at risk following traumatic brain injury (TBI), such as executive… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: anterior cingulate; pediatric traumatic brain injury; MRI; DTI; cognitive control; Psychology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Merkley, T. L. (2012). Imaging and Behavioral Correlates of the Anterior Cingulate in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3947&context=etd

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Merkley, Tricia L. “Imaging and Behavioral Correlates of the Anterior Cingulate in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Brigham Young University. Accessed January 26, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3947&context=etd.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Merkley, Tricia L. “Imaging and Behavioral Correlates of the Anterior Cingulate in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury.” 2012. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Merkley TL. Imaging and Behavioral Correlates of the Anterior Cingulate in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2012. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3947&context=etd.

Council of Science Editors:

Merkley TL. Imaging and Behavioral Correlates of the Anterior Cingulate in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2012. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3947&context=etd

University of Cincinnati

29. Padula, Claudia B. The Functional and Structural Neural Connectivity of Affective Processing in Alcohol Dependence: A Multimodal Imaging Study.

Degree: PhD, Arts and Sciences: Psychology, 2013, University of Cincinnati

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1377869730

► Previous studies have demonstrated a role for affective processing deficits in the development and maintenance of alcohol dependence (AD) and research has shown that prolonged… (more)

▼ Previous studies have demonstrated a role for affective processing deficits in the development and maintenance of alcohol dependence (AD) and research has shown that prolonged problematic drinking behaviors have global effects on brain structure and function, including frontolimbic regions underlying affective processing. However, no study to date has examined both functional (fcMRI) and underlying structural connectivity during affective processing in AD. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to characterize fcMRI of brain regions underlying affective processing in individuals with AD and healthy controls. The secondary aim was to determine whether white matter integrity predicts fcMRI in AD. Fourteen abstinent individuals with AD and 14 controls were included in this IRB-approved study. AD participants met criteria for AD in sustained, partial, or full remission; controls had no substance use disorders history. All diagnostic criteria were confirmed by clinical diagnostic interview. The facial affective processing task included fearful and happy expressions. Anatomical, functional, and diffusion tensor imaging data were collected and pre-processed according to previously established protocols. A psychophysiological interaction, fcMRI analysis was then conducted to assess whether the time-series activity in bilateral amygdala seed regions predicted activation in the rest of the brain during fearful and happy faces. In the 14 individuals with AD, functional anisotropy (FA) was calculated to measure white matter integrity. Independent samples t-tests were computed in AFNI to determine fcMRI clusters groups differences and follow up linear regression analyses were conducted in SPSS to include covariates and determine if FA predicted degree of fcMRI in AD. Fearful faces analyses revealed reduced fcMRI compared to controls between left amygdala and left precuneus, right precuneus, right middle frontal gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, right lingual gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, and right angular gyrus. Similarly, during happy face processing, the AD group demonstrated reduced fcMRI with the left amygdala and right paracentral gyrus. Additionally, white matter integrity predicted fcMRI in the AD group. As predicted, during fearful faces, increased FA predicted increased fcMRI in four regions. Surprisingly, increased FA also predicted decreased fcMRI in nine regions during fearful faces. One increased FA tract predicted increased fcMRI during happy faces. In conclusion, this study demonstrated AD was related to decreased fcMRI between left amygdala and various cortical regions during fearful and happy faces compared with controls. Additionally, white matter integrity in AD significantly predicted increased and decreased fcMRI during the task. Aberrant neural networks may relate to AD and structural markers may be one mechanism for observed differences. Results also suggest that inhibitory networks may be related to affective processing in AD.… Advisors/Committee Members: Shear, Paula (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Clinical Psychology; fcMRI; DTI; alcohol dependence; affective processing; connectivity

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Padula, C. B. (2013). The Functional and Structural Neural Connectivity of Affective Processing in Alcohol Dependence: A Multimodal Imaging Study. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cincinnati. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1377869730

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Padula, Claudia B. “The Functional and Structural Neural Connectivity of Affective Processing in Alcohol Dependence: A Multimodal Imaging Study.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cincinnati. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1377869730.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Padula, Claudia B. “The Functional and Structural Neural Connectivity of Affective Processing in Alcohol Dependence: A Multimodal Imaging Study.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Padula CB. The Functional and Structural Neural Connectivity of Affective Processing in Alcohol Dependence: A Multimodal Imaging Study. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cincinnati; 2013. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1377869730.

Council of Science Editors:

Padula CB. The Functional and Structural Neural Connectivity of Affective Processing in Alcohol Dependence: A Multimodal Imaging Study. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cincinnati; 2013. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1377869730

University of Cincinnati

30. Shereen, Ahmed D. Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications to Neurological Disease.

Degree: PhD, Arts and Sciences: Physics, 2011, University of Cincinnati

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1300393032

► Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance (DTMR) imaging is a novel imaging technique capable of indirectly measuring the cellular environment of cerebral tissues. Its use for the… (more)

▼ Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance (DTMR) imaging is a novel imaging technique capable of indirectly measuring the cellular environment of cerebral tissues. Its use for the clinical assessment of neurological health is increasing, yet the relation between the DTMR metrics and the integrity, type, severity, and salvageability of damaged tissue is still an area of active research. The work presented in this dissertation aims to elucidate underlying cellular architecture of damaged tissues from patterns in DTMR metrics. Experiments involving neonatal hydrocephalus, neonatal hypoxia-ischemia, and adult acute stroke models were performed wherein DTMR metrics were compared between disease and control specimens, as well as with histological and electron microscopy analyses. Initial investigations in an experimental neonatal hydrocephalus model showed significant differences of DTMR metrics between in vivo subjects and controls in the white, but not gray, matter structures. Imaging resolution was improved in a subsequent study of a neonatal hypoxia-ischemia model and the results compared to microscopic histological assays. Decreases in the apparent diffusion coefficient and increases in T2 values in the gray matter correlated to the formation of brain edema, whereas decreases in the fractional anisotropy of diffusion within the white matter corresponded to demyelination as observed by histology. Furthermore, the efficacy of a novel drug treatment for neonatal hypoxia-ischemia was tested. DTMR metrics of the gray and white matter tissue appeared normal after treatment, and histology confirmed that the tissue was preserved. However, the DTMR imaging resolution and brain volume coverage remained the limiting factors in a complete brain imaging analysis that could include some of the finer white matter structure of clinical relevance. Therefore, a third set of experiments was performed using an adult acute stroke model with substantial increases in resolution covering the entire brain volume. Interestingly, while the fractional anisotropy of diffusion was not significantly changed in the damaged white matter tissue in most of the structures measured, additional DTMR metrics, axial and radial diffusivities, showed significant changes. By combining these parameters, various patterns in DTMR quantities, together with electron micrographs from the tissue structures of interest, corresponded and appeared to distinguish between compression of the axoplasma, separation of intact myelin sheaths, and demyelination. While the initial results are promising, further work is necessary to validate these claims. Future studies and methodologies to improve techniques presented in this dissertation are presented in the final chapter. Advisors/Committee Members: Holland, Scott (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; dti; diffusion; mri; stroke; hypoxia-ischemia; hydrocephalus

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shereen, A. D. (2011). Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications to Neurological Disease. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cincinnati. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1300393032

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shereen, Ahmed D. “Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications to Neurological Disease.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cincinnati. Accessed January 26, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1300393032.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shereen, Ahmed D. “Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications to Neurological Disease.” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Shereen AD. Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications to Neurological Disease. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cincinnati; 2011. [cited 2020 Jan 26]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1300393032.

Council of Science Editors:

Shereen AD. Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications to Neurological Disease. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cincinnati; 2011. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1300393032

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations