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University of Sydney
1.
Hu, Mingjing.
Human regulatory T cell physiology - Lessons learnt from newborns and adults
.
Degree: 2017, University of Sydney
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18396 
► Human Regulatory T (Treg) cells play a critical role in the immune homeostasis. Hence, understanding Treg cell physiology is of vital importance. Various soluble factors,…
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▼ Human Regulatory T (Treg) cells play a critical role in the immune homeostasis. Hence, understanding Treg cell physiology is of vital importance. Various soluble factors, including IL-10 and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), contribute to the transplacental immune programming by shaping the fetal immune system, specifically Treg cells. Therefore, this thesis aims to provide further evidence for the Treg cell transplacental programming, and to explain how SCFAs contribute to this process. We demonstrated that the absence of maternal gut microbiota caused significantly reduced fetal thymus size and fewer thymic Foxp3+ Treg cell numbers, which could be rescued by supplementation of acetate. Moreover, the fetal-maternal correlation of serum acetate implied that maternal acetate likely crossed the placenta. TCR sequencing data also suggested that fetal antigen receptor immunity was not inherited, but rather driven by local immunomodulatory factors. Taken together, it indicated that maternally acquired metabolites (acetate) play an important role in shaping fetal thymic development and output, hence exerting their influences on fetal immunity. In addition to the context of pregnancy, this thesis extends the knowledge of SCFAs to both neonate and adult immune cells in vitro. We are the first to demonstrate the effectiveness of SCFAs in Treg cell differentiation via histone acetylation inhibition in vitro in humans. We also proved the tolerogenic effects of SCFAs on other immune cells in humans, including MoDCs and different T cell subsets. These results highlight the essential role of SCFAs in immune tolerance, particularly in Treg cell physiology. Collectively, this study provides theoretical evidence for a non-pharmaceutical approach. Since diet is closely interlinked with the composition of gut microbiota and SCFAs production, dietary interventions may alleviate or treat allergies and autoimmune diseases via modulating Treg cells.
Subjects/Keywords: Treg;
SCFAs;
DOHad;
immunology
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APA (6th Edition):
Hu, M. (2017). Human regulatory T cell physiology - Lessons learnt from newborns and adults
. (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18396
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hu, Mingjing. “Human regulatory T cell physiology - Lessons learnt from newborns and adults
.” 2017. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18396.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hu, Mingjing. “Human regulatory T cell physiology - Lessons learnt from newborns and adults
.” 2017. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Hu M. Human regulatory T cell physiology - Lessons learnt from newborns and adults
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18396.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Hu M. Human regulatory T cell physiology - Lessons learnt from newborns and adults
. [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18396
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of South Florida
2.
Canfield, John.
Investigating the Role of the RNA Binding Protein LIN28 in the Human Placenta: Implications for Preeclampsia.
Degree: 2018, University of South Florida
URL: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7483
► An essential event during early pregnancy is the invasion of trophoblasts into the maternal decidua, which is necessary for proper implantation and establishment of maternal-fetal…
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▼ An essential event during early pregnancy is the invasion of trophoblasts into the maternal decidua, which is necessary for proper implantation and establishment of maternal-fetal interface and ultimately allows for proper nutrient exchange and immunological tolerance of the growing fetus. For this invasion to occur, cells originating from the trophectoderm undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition to become invasive extravillous trophoblasts and begin invading the uterine decidual tissue. Through the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases and through interactions with many cytokines and cell-adhesion molecules, this well-orchestrated process of trophoblast invasion results in extensive remodeling of the maternal spiral vasculature by the extravillous trophoblasts. Ultimately, the spiral arteries are transformed from high resistance, low flow vessels to low resistance, high flow vessels to allow for adequate perfusion of the placenta and developing fetus.
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal morbidity worldwide and is associated with the onset of hypertension and proteinuria, typically after 20 weeks of gestation. While the hypertension typically resolves following delivery of the fetus and placenta, both the mother and growing child are faced with long-term adverse health effects such as the development of cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Preeclampsia is characterized by widespread maternal inflammation and endothelial dysfunction triggered by the secretion of soluble factors from the placenta into the maternal circulation. It is thought that the onset of these adverse systemic conditions is initiated by poor placental perfusion and pathologically hypoxic conditions in the placenta. In many cases of preeclampsia, there is evidence of shallow trophoblast invasion which results in incomplete spiral artery transformation, ultimately leading to poor placental perfusion. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the inadequate extravillous trophoblast invasion and remodeling are incompletely understood.
LIN28 is an RNA binding protein that is highly expressed in embryonic stem cells, fetal tissues and many cancers, and was discovered as a regulator of the maturation of the Let-7 family of miRNAs. However, as an RNA binding protein, LIN28 has been shown to interact with thousands of mRNA transcripts, leading to both increased and decreased protein expression, and control of many cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, and cellular metabolism. In vertebrates, LIN28 exists as two highly homologous paralogs, LIN28A and LIN28B, however LIN28B is slightly larger and contains a nuclear localization signal not found in LIN28A. While they both function to inhibit Let-7 maturation, there is evidence to suggest they also have independent functions.
Given the primary role of LIN28A and LIN28B in modulating cell metabolism, differentiation and invasion, we hypothesized that LIN28A and/or LIN28B regulates trophoblast differentiation and invasion, and that its…
Subjects/Keywords: trophoblast; hypoxia; invasion; DOHaD; Molecular Biology
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APA (6th Edition):
Canfield, J. (2018). Investigating the Role of the RNA Binding Protein LIN28 in the Human Placenta: Implications for Preeclampsia. (Thesis). University of South Florida. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7483
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Canfield, John. “Investigating the Role of the RNA Binding Protein LIN28 in the Human Placenta: Implications for Preeclampsia.” 2018. Thesis, University of South Florida. Accessed January 20, 2021.
https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7483.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Canfield, John. “Investigating the Role of the RNA Binding Protein LIN28 in the Human Placenta: Implications for Preeclampsia.” 2018. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Canfield J. Investigating the Role of the RNA Binding Protein LIN28 in the Human Placenta: Implications for Preeclampsia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7483.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Canfield J. Investigating the Role of the RNA Binding Protein LIN28 in the Human Placenta: Implications for Preeclampsia. [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2018. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7483
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
3.
Leveille, Pauline Clémence Elisa.
Etude du lien entre infertilité, obésité et stress oxydant à partir d'un modèle animal et d'une étude cas-témoins chez l'Homme : Study of the link between infertility, obesity and oxidative stress using a rabbit model and a case control study in humans.
Degree: Docteur es, Biologie Santé publique, 2013, Paris 13
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2013PA132056
► L'infertilité affecte près d'un couple sur 6 en France. L’obésité et l'excès de réserves adipeuses, à l'origine de stress oxydant, sont associés à l'infertilité idiopathique.…
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▼ L'infertilité affecte près d'un couple sur 6 en France. L’obésité et l'excès de réserves adipeuses, à l'origine de stress oxydant, sont associés à l'infertilité idiopathique. L’équilibre des concentrations entre les pro et antioxydants est assuré par des enzymes antioxydantes, dont la fonction est partiellement contrôlée par des polymorphismes génétiques. De plus, l'altération des gamètes par le stress oxydant pourrait aussi entraîner des conséquences sur le développement d'infertilité chez la descendance. L'objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer les relations entre l’alimentation, le stress oxydant et l’infertilité à travers une étude cas-témoins chez l’Homme et à l’aide d’un modèle animal. Chez l’Homme, le polymorphisme des enzymes impliquées dans le stress oxydant a été étudié chez 110 individus infertiles et 69 fertiles. Le risque d’infertilité est augmenté chez les hommes porteurs d’au moins un allèle Ala-SOD2 (rs4880) et chez les porteurs, hommes et femmes confondus, de deux allèles G-NOS3 (rs1799983). La prise en compte de ces polymorphismes pourrait permettre d’adapter l’alimentation et/ou la prise d’antioxydants selon le génotype du couple infertile idiopathique. Chez la lapine, une alimentation hyperlipidique administrée dès la période prépubertaire a un impact délétère sur la folliculogénèse avec une réduction du nombre de follicules tertiaires et une atrésie folliculaire augmentée par rapport aux témoins. La fonction de l’axe hypothalamo-hypophysaire est aussi perturbée. Chez les descendantes, on observe une atrésie folliculaire augmentée. Ces résultats indiquent qu'une alimentation déséquilibrée en lipides entraine des dysfonctions de l’axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-gonadique chez la mère et ses filles.
Infertility affects one in 6 couples. Obesity and excess fat, which induce oxidative stress, have been associated with idiopathic infertility. The balance between pro- and antioxidant enzymes is insured by antioxidant enzymes, which activity partly depends on genetic polymorphisms. Moreover, the alteration of gamete quality through oxidative stress may also affect offspring development and fertility. The aim of the project was to evaluate the association between nutrition, oxidative stress and infertility through a case-control study in humans and using a rabbit model. In humans, the genetic polymorphism of enzymes involved in oxidative stress was studied in 110 infertile and 69 fertile individuals. The presence of at least one Ala-SOD2 allele in men and the presence of two G-NOS3 alleles in both men and women increased the risk of infertility. The analysis of these gene polymorphisms in infertile couples may help adapting nutrition and/or antioxidant intake depending on the couple's genotype. Feeding a hyperlipidic diet to female rabbits from the prepubertal period has a detrimental impact on folliculogenesis, with a reduction in tertiary follicles and an increase in atretic follicles numbers in the ovary, together with an alteration of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis. An increased number of atretic…
Advisors/Committee Members: Lévy, Rachel (thesis director), Chavatte-Palmer, Pascale (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: DOHaD (Origines développementales de la santé); DOHaD (Developmental Origins of Healt and Disease)
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Leveille, P. C. E. (2013). Etude du lien entre infertilité, obésité et stress oxydant à partir d'un modèle animal et d'une étude cas-témoins chez l'Homme : Study of the link between infertility, obesity and oxidative stress using a rabbit model and a case control study in humans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Paris 13. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2013PA132056
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Leveille, Pauline Clémence Elisa. “Etude du lien entre infertilité, obésité et stress oxydant à partir d'un modèle animal et d'une étude cas-témoins chez l'Homme : Study of the link between infertility, obesity and oxidative stress using a rabbit model and a case control study in humans.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Paris 13. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2013PA132056.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Leveille, Pauline Clémence Elisa. “Etude du lien entre infertilité, obésité et stress oxydant à partir d'un modèle animal et d'une étude cas-témoins chez l'Homme : Study of the link between infertility, obesity and oxidative stress using a rabbit model and a case control study in humans.” 2013. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Leveille PCE. Etude du lien entre infertilité, obésité et stress oxydant à partir d'un modèle animal et d'une étude cas-témoins chez l'Homme : Study of the link between infertility, obesity and oxidative stress using a rabbit model and a case control study in humans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Paris 13; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013PA132056.
Council of Science Editors:
Leveille PCE. Etude du lien entre infertilité, obésité et stress oxydant à partir d'un modèle animal et d'une étude cas-témoins chez l'Homme : Study of the link between infertility, obesity and oxidative stress using a rabbit model and a case control study in humans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Paris 13; 2013. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013PA132056
4.
Saget, Sarah.
Impact de différents régimes durant la lactation sur le développement de pathologies cardio-métaboliques chez des souris RCIU : Impact of different diets during lactation on the development of cardio-metabolic pathologies in mice born with IUGR.
Degree: Docteur es, Physiologie, 2018, Sorbonne université
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS118
► Le Retard de Croissance Intra-Utérin (RCIU) est associé à un risque accru de développer des pathologies cardio-métaboliques à long terme. De plus, des études suggèrent…
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▼ Le Retard de Croissance Intra-Utérin (RCIU) est associé à un risque accru de développer des pathologies cardio-métaboliques à long terme. De plus, des études suggèrent que la nutrition en période post-natale précoce pourrait moduler l’apparition de ces maladies. Afin d’étudier les mécanismes impliqués dans la programmation de ces pathologies, le laboratoire a développé un modèle de souris nées avec un RCIU induit par un régime hypo-protéique de la mère et dont la nutrition durant la lactation a été modulée en normalisant les portées afin d’induire une surnutrition, une nutrition normale ou une restriction alimentaire. La restriction durant la lactation des souriceaux RCIU semble les protéger de l’apparition de pathologies cardio-métaboliques. A l’inverse, la nutrition normale ou la surnutrition durant la lactation des souriceaux RCIU induit un surpoids dès l’âge de 1 mois, puis une résistance à l’insuline, une accumulation de lipides au niveau hépatique et une hypertension artérielle avec l’âge. La résistance à l’insuline est associée à une altération de la phosphorylation d’AKT dans le foie qui pourrait être favorisée par la diminution permanente des taux d’AKT. Cette baisse a été associée à une dérégulation au niveau de la marque d’histone stimulatrice H3K4me3. En outre, une augmentation de PTEN, l’inhibiteur d’AKT, pourrait aussi être impliquée via des mécanismes épigénétiques : une diminution de l’H3K4me3 a été associée des taux plus faibles de certains miARNs, dont le miARN19a qui cible PTEN de manière privilégiée. L’importance de ce miARN est en cours d’étude dans une cohorte humaine.
Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) is associated with increased risk of cardio-metabolic diseases. Furthermore, previous studies also indicated that changing nutrition during the early post-natal period could worsen pathologies later on. In order to study mechanisms involved in programming of these pathologies, our laboratory developed a mouse model of IUGR- induced by feeding pregnant mice with an isocaloric/ low-protein diet - and whose nutrition during lactation was modulated by normalizing litter sizes to induce overfeeding, normal feeding or restriction. Restriction during lactation can protect IUGR mice from the development of cardio-metabolic pathologies even in aged mice. In contrast, both normal feeding or overfeeding during lactation exacerbate weight gain by 1 month of age onward, and induce an insulin resistance, a steatosis and an arterial hypertension with age. Molecular alterations of AKT phosphorylation in liver of mice were observed before the appearance of insulin resistance. Interestingly, this could be promoted by the permanent decrease in AKT protein levels that is associated with a decrease in the positive H3K4me3 histone mark in Akt promoter. Furthermore, an alteration in H3K4me3 levels was also observed in the promoter of microRNA17-92a cluster gene. miR-19a, a member of this cluster, is known to regulate PTEN translation, an AKT inhibitor. In agreement, post-transcriptional regulation of PTEN seems…
Advisors/Committee Members: Le Bouc, Yves (thesis director), Kappeler, Laurent (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: RCIU; DOHaD; Épigénétique; Résistance insuline; Foie; Nutrition; IUGR; DOHaD; Epigenetics; Insulin resistance; Liver; Nutrition; 571.1
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Saget, S. (2018). Impact de différents régimes durant la lactation sur le développement de pathologies cardio-métaboliques chez des souris RCIU : Impact of different diets during lactation on the development of cardio-metabolic pathologies in mice born with IUGR. (Doctoral Dissertation). Sorbonne université. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS118
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Saget, Sarah. “Impact de différents régimes durant la lactation sur le développement de pathologies cardio-métaboliques chez des souris RCIU : Impact of different diets during lactation on the development of cardio-metabolic pathologies in mice born with IUGR.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Sorbonne université. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS118.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Saget, Sarah. “Impact de différents régimes durant la lactation sur le développement de pathologies cardio-métaboliques chez des souris RCIU : Impact of different diets during lactation on the development of cardio-metabolic pathologies in mice born with IUGR.” 2018. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Saget S. Impact de différents régimes durant la lactation sur le développement de pathologies cardio-métaboliques chez des souris RCIU : Impact of different diets during lactation on the development of cardio-metabolic pathologies in mice born with IUGR. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Sorbonne université; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS118.
Council of Science Editors:
Saget S. Impact de différents régimes durant la lactation sur le développement de pathologies cardio-métaboliques chez des souris RCIU : Impact of different diets during lactation on the development of cardio-metabolic pathologies in mice born with IUGR. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Sorbonne université; 2018. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS118
5.
Robles, Morgane.
Influence du métabolisme maternel sur la fonction placentaire et la santé du poulain : Influence of maternal metabolism on placental function and health of foal.
Degree: Docteur es, Sciences de la vie et de la santé, 2017, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE)
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLA029
► : L’économie de la filière équine repose aujourd’hui sur la production de chevaux athlètes performants sur le long terme. Le métabolisme de la jument gestante…
(more)
▼ : L’économie de la filière équine repose aujourd’hui sur la production de chevaux athlètes performants sur le long terme. Le métabolisme de la jument gestante peut programmer le développement du poulain, sa santé à long terme et donc ses performances sportives à l’âge adulte. De nombreuses pratiques d’élevage peuvent modifier le métabolisme maternel, telles que la nutrition durant la gestation, la surnutrition durant la vie de la jument (surpoids et obésité) et le nombre de poulains produits par la jument (parité). L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier les effets du métabolisme maternel durant la gestation sur la fonction et la structure placentaire à terme, la croissance osseuse, le métabolisme énergétique, l’inflammation systémique et le statut ostéoarticulaire des poulains en croissance. Un premier modèle de perturbation nutritionnelle en fin de gestation a été développé en comparant des juments ayant ingéré uniquement des fourrages au cours de la gestation ou bien des fourrages et des concentrés à partir de la mi-gestation. Ce modèle a permis de montrer que la supplémentation en concentrés altérait le métabolisme glucidique maternel, la fonction placentaire ainsi que le statut ostéoarticulaire et la réponse métabolique à un challenge de surnutrition chez le poulain. D’autre part, une perte d’état trop importante associée à une qualité/quantité de foin insuffisante entrainait un retard de maturité des fonctions de métabolisme énergétique et de reproduction mâle chez les poulains. Un deuxième modèle a ensuite été développé pour étudier l’effet de la primiparité. Cette étude a confirmé que la croissance fœtale des poulains issus des juments primipares était réduite et que ces poulains demeuraient plus petits avec un métabolisme glucidique et une maturation testiculaire retardés par rapport aux poulains issus de juments multipares. Le troisième modèle développé s’est intéressé à l’effet de l’obésité maternelle dès la conception. En effet, la prévalence de surpoids et d’obésité est de plus en plus importante au sein de la filière équine. Ce dernier modèle a permis de montrer que l’obésité maternelle associée à une résistance à l’insuline et une inflammation systémique augmentées entrainait une augmentation de la résistance à l’insuline, de l’inflammation systémique et du développement de lésions d’ostéochondrose chez les poulains. L'ensemble de ces résultats met en avant la relation entre la résistance à l’insuline maternelle, l’inflammation maternelle et le développement de lésions d’ostéochondrose chez les poulains durant la croissance, mais également entre sous-nutrition utérine et retard de maturité. Ces observations vont permettre de développer de nouvelles recommandations nutritionnelles pour les poulinières.
The economy of the equine industry is based on the production of high performance athlete horses. The metabolism of the pregnant mare can program the development of the foal, its long-term health and therefore its athletic performance at adulthood. Many breeding practices can modify maternal…
Advisors/Committee Members: Chavatte-Palmer, Pascale (thesis director), Couturier-Tarrade, Anne (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: DOHaD; Placenta; Cheval; Nutrition; Métabolisme; Programmation développementale; DOHaD; Placenta; Horse; Nutrition; Metabolism; Developmental programming; 636.12
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Record Details
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Robles, M. (2017). Influence du métabolisme maternel sur la fonction placentaire et la santé du poulain : Influence of maternal metabolism on placental function and health of foal. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE). Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLA029
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Robles, Morgane. “Influence du métabolisme maternel sur la fonction placentaire et la santé du poulain : Influence of maternal metabolism on placental function and health of foal.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE). Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLA029.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Robles, Morgane. “Influence du métabolisme maternel sur la fonction placentaire et la santé du poulain : Influence of maternal metabolism on placental function and health of foal.” 2017. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Robles M. Influence du métabolisme maternel sur la fonction placentaire et la santé du poulain : Influence of maternal metabolism on placental function and health of foal. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE); 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLA029.
Council of Science Editors:
Robles M. Influence du métabolisme maternel sur la fonction placentaire et la santé du poulain : Influence of maternal metabolism on placental function and health of foal. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE); 2017. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLA029
Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI
6.
Peugnet, Pauline.
Origines développementales des anomalies de l’homéostasie glucidique, de la croissance osseuse et prédisposition à l’ostéochondrose chez le poulain : Developmental Origins of Abnormalities of Glucose Homeostasis, of Bone Growth and Predisposition to Osteochondrosis in Foals.
Degree: Docteur es, Sciences de la vie et de la santé, 2014, Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T092
► Les adaptations du fœtus aux stimuli intra-utérins ont des conséquences immédiates puis à long terme sur sa santé après la naissance. Chez l’équin, ce concept…
(more)
▼ Les adaptations du fœtus aux stimuli intra-utérins ont des conséquences immédiates puis à long terme sur sa santé après la naissance. Chez l’équin, ce concept connu sous le nom de DOHaD (Developmental Origins of Health and Disease) a été validé à l’aide de croisements inter-races : la taille de la jument, qui conditionne l’environnement maternel pendant la gestation puis la lactation, a un impact crucial sur la croissance postnatale du poulain, mais aussi sur la sensibilité à l’insuline du nouveau-né. L’ostéochondrose, pathologie du cheval en croissance, est responsable de pertes financières majeures pour la filière équine. Elle a été reliée à des anomalies de l’homéostasie glucidique et son origine anténatale est fortement suspectée. Dans cette thèse, nous avons mesuré l’impact de perturbations expérimentales au cours du développement fœtal sur la croissance, l’homéostasie glucidique et la prédisposition à l’ostéochondrose du poulain jusqu’à l’âge de 1 an ½. Un premier modèle de croissance fœtale augmentée versus restreinte a été obtenu par transferts d’embryons inter-races (« poneys dans traits » versus « selles dans poneys », respectivement). L’environnement maternel « enrichi » de la jument de trait versus restreint de la ponette s’est révélé déterminant dans la régulation de la croissance des différents segments osseux, de l’axe thyréotrope, de la fonction des cellules β pancréatiques, de la sensibilité à l’insuline de l’organisme et de la santé ostéoarticulaire du poulain dès la naissance et jusqu’à 1 an ½. Tout en validant le concept de DOHaD chez l’équin, ce modèle souligne le soin qui doit être apporté à la sélection des juments receveuses dans la pratique du transfert d’embryons. En démontrant l’ampleur des effets post-nataux programmés in utero et pendant la lactation, ce modèle alerte aussi l’éleveur sur la gestion des poulinières et ses impacts à long terme. En ce sens, le second modèle est en adéquation avec les préoccupations d’élevage puisqu’une perturbation de l’environnement nutritionnel du fœtus a été induite en apportant un concentré (orge) dans la ration hivernale de la jument gravide versus des fourrages uniquement. A ce jour, l’impact de cette modification anténatale sur l’homéostasie glucidique du poulain avant sevrage semble limité à la période néonatale, tandis que sa croissance n’est pas du tout affectée. En revanche, sa prédisposition à l’ostéochondrose à l'âge de 6 mois semble être accrue, ce qui ne permet pas de présager de la suite car le statut ostéoarticulaire du poulain âgé de 6 mois reste susceptible d’évoluer jusqu’à 1 an ½. Ces travaux devraient permettre d’ajuster les recommandations nutritionnelles chez les poulinières.
Fetal adaptations to intra-uterine stimuli have immediate and long term effects on the offspring’s health after birth. In equids, this concept known as the DOHaD (Developmental Origins of Health and Disease) was validated using cross-breeding: the mare’s size which affects the fetal environment throughout gestation and then lactation, has a critical impact on…
Advisors/Committee Members: Chavatte-Palmer, Pascale (thesis director), Serteyn, Didier (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Cheval; DOHaD; Placenta; Croissance; Homéostasie glucidique; Ostéochondrose; Transfert d’embryon; Nutrition; Horse; DOHaD; Placenta; Growth; Glucose homeostasis; Osteochondrosis; Embryo transfer; Nutrition
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APA (6th Edition):
Peugnet, P. (2014). Origines développementales des anomalies de l’homéostasie glucidique, de la croissance osseuse et prédisposition à l’ostéochondrose chez le poulain : Developmental Origins of Abnormalities of Glucose Homeostasis, of Bone Growth and Predisposition to Osteochondrosis in Foals. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T092
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Peugnet, Pauline. “Origines développementales des anomalies de l’homéostasie glucidique, de la croissance osseuse et prédisposition à l’ostéochondrose chez le poulain : Developmental Origins of Abnormalities of Glucose Homeostasis, of Bone Growth and Predisposition to Osteochondrosis in Foals.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T092.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Peugnet, Pauline. “Origines développementales des anomalies de l’homéostasie glucidique, de la croissance osseuse et prédisposition à l’ostéochondrose chez le poulain : Developmental Origins of Abnormalities of Glucose Homeostasis, of Bone Growth and Predisposition to Osteochondrosis in Foals.” 2014. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Peugnet P. Origines développementales des anomalies de l’homéostasie glucidique, de la croissance osseuse et prédisposition à l’ostéochondrose chez le poulain : Developmental Origins of Abnormalities of Glucose Homeostasis, of Bone Growth and Predisposition to Osteochondrosis in Foals. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T092.
Council of Science Editors:
Peugnet P. Origines développementales des anomalies de l’homéostasie glucidique, de la croissance osseuse et prédisposition à l’ostéochondrose chez le poulain : Developmental Origins of Abnormalities of Glucose Homeostasis, of Bone Growth and Predisposition to Osteochondrosis in Foals. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI; 2014. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T092
7.
Lemaire, Marion.
L’incorporation de matière grasse laitière et de L. fermentum dans des préparations pour nourrissons programme le microbiote et la physiologie intestinale de l’adulte : étude dans un modèle miniporc : The addition of dairy lipids and L. fermentum in infant formulas programs adult gut microbiota and physiology : study in a minipig model.
Degree: Docteur es, Nutrition et pathologies métaboliques, 2018, Rennes 1
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B018
► La nutrition postnatale précoce conditionne la santé du futur adulte du fait de son rôle déterminant dans l’implantation du microbiote intestinal et le développement de…
(more)
▼ La nutrition postnatale précoce conditionne la santé du futur adulte du fait de son rôle déterminant dans l’implantation du microbiote intestinal et le développement de la physiologie de l’hôte. L’objectif de mon travail de thèse a été d’évaluer les conséquences de la réintroduction de matière grasse laitière associée ou non au probiotique Lactobacillus fermentum dans des préparations pour nourrissons, sur le microbiote, la physiologie intestinale et le métabolisme de l’adulte, en utilisant le miniporc Yucatan comme modèle de l’Homme. Nos travaux ont montré un renforcement des défenses non spécifiques intestinales chez le jeune et une amélioration des fonctions endocrine et immunitaire intestinales de l’adulte soumis à un régime hyper-énergétique, réduisant ainsi le risque de développer une inflammation et des désordres métaboliques. Ces effets ont été associés à une modification de la digestion des préparations chez le jeune et à une modulation de la composition et de l’activité métabolique du microbiote intestinal. Des effets spécifiques de la matière grasse laitière et de L. fermentum, et d’autres complémentaires, ont été observés, suggérant des mécanismes d’action différents. Les modifications induites par la composition des préparations pour nourrissons étaient site- et âge-spécifiques, le comportement du microbiote caecal se rapprochant du microbiote fécal. En conclusion, l’optimisation des préparations pour nourrissons pourrait passer par l’ajout de matière grasse laitière et du probiotique L. fermentum.
Early postnatal nutrition programs adult health owing to its crucial role in gut microbiota colonization and host physiology development. The objective of my thesis was to investigate the consequences of dairy lipid addition with or without probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum in infant formulas on adult gut microbiota, physiology and metabolism, using Yucatan minipig as a model for humans. We demonstrated increased non-specific intestinal defences in piglets and improved intestinal endocrine and immune functions in adults submitted to a high-energy diet, which may protect them from inflammation and metabolic disorders. These effects were associated in piglets to changes in digestion and gut microbiota composition and metabolism. We observed specific and complementary effects of dairy lipids and L. fermentum, suggesting different mechanisms of action. The infant formula composition had site- and age-specific effects, the caecal microbiota being closer to the faecal one. To conclude, the addition of dairy lipids and L. fermentum in infant formulas is an effective way to improve infant formulas.
Advisors/Committee Members: Le Huëron-Luron, Isabelle (thesis director), Blat, Sophie (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Axe entéro-Insulaire; DOHaD; Matière grasse laitière; Microbiote; Physiologie intestinale; Probiotiques; Dairy lipids; DOHaD; Entero-Insular axis; Gut physiology; Microbiota; Probiotics
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APA (6th Edition):
Lemaire, M. (2018). L’incorporation de matière grasse laitière et de L. fermentum dans des préparations pour nourrissons programme le microbiote et la physiologie intestinale de l’adulte : étude dans un modèle miniporc : The addition of dairy lipids and L. fermentum in infant formulas programs adult gut microbiota and physiology : study in a minipig model. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rennes 1. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B018
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lemaire, Marion. “L’incorporation de matière grasse laitière et de L. fermentum dans des préparations pour nourrissons programme le microbiote et la physiologie intestinale de l’adulte : étude dans un modèle miniporc : The addition of dairy lipids and L. fermentum in infant formulas programs adult gut microbiota and physiology : study in a minipig model.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Rennes 1. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B018.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lemaire, Marion. “L’incorporation de matière grasse laitière et de L. fermentum dans des préparations pour nourrissons programme le microbiote et la physiologie intestinale de l’adulte : étude dans un modèle miniporc : The addition of dairy lipids and L. fermentum in infant formulas programs adult gut microbiota and physiology : study in a minipig model.” 2018. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Lemaire M. L’incorporation de matière grasse laitière et de L. fermentum dans des préparations pour nourrissons programme le microbiote et la physiologie intestinale de l’adulte : étude dans un modèle miniporc : The addition of dairy lipids and L. fermentum in infant formulas programs adult gut microbiota and physiology : study in a minipig model. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rennes 1; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B018.
Council of Science Editors:
Lemaire M. L’incorporation de matière grasse laitière et de L. fermentum dans des préparations pour nourrissons programme le microbiote et la physiologie intestinale de l’adulte : étude dans un modèle miniporc : The addition of dairy lipids and L. fermentum in infant formulas programs adult gut microbiota and physiology : study in a minipig model. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rennes 1; 2018. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B018
Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
8.
Fernandes, Flávio Só.
Fatores precoces e tardios determinantes de sedentarismo em adultos jovens.
Degree: 2009, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/19094
► A atividade física é um conhecido fator de proteção, com benefícios tanto para os aspectos metabólicos quanto os psicológicos da saúde. Nosso objetivo foi verificar…
(more)
▼ A atividade física é um conhecido fator de proteção, com benefícios tanto para os aspectos metabólicos quanto os psicológicos da saúde. Nosso objetivo foi verificar fatores precoces e tardios determinantes de sedentarismo em adultos jovens. Um total de 2063 indivíduos de uma coorte de nascimentos em Ribeirão Preto, Brasil, foram estudados com a idade de 23/25 anos. Foi realizada Regressão de Poisson utilizando-se três modelos: (1) modelo precoce considerando o peso ao nascer, idade gestacional, escolaridade materna e tabagismo; (2) modelo tardio considerando o sexo do indivíduo, escolaridade e tabagismo; (3) Modelo Combinada (início + tardio). A atividade física foi avaliada através do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), estratificando os indivíduos em ativos ou sedentários. A taxa geral de comportamento sedentário na amostra foi de 49,6%. No modelo inicial, baixo peso ao nascer (RR = 1.207, 95% CI 1.023-1.423) e menores níveis de escolaridade materna (RR = 1,213, 95% CI 1.028-1.430) foram fatores de risco para a atividade sedentária. O sexo feminino (RR=1,385, 95% CI 1.285-1.516) e baixa escolaridade (RR=1.138,95% CI 1.021-1.269) foram associados com o comportamento sedentário no modelo final. No modelo combinado, apenas o sexo feminino permaneceu significativo. Além disso, uma interação entre peso ao nascer e escolaridade do indivíduo foi encontrado, em que o comportamento sedentário foi estatisticamente mais freqüente em indivíduos nascidos com baixo peso ao nascer apenas se eles tivessem níveis mais altos de ensino. Este estudo mostra que as variáveis de desenvolvimento precoce, tais como peso ao nascimento e inserção social na vida adulta interage para determinar a disposição de um indivíduo para a prática de atividades físicas. O estudo é um exemplo do modelo teórico "Semelhanças entre as desigualdades", no qual extremos de status social demonstrar um resultado semelhante (neste caso o comportamento sedentário).
Physical activity is a known protective factor, with benefits for both the metabolic and psychological aspects of health. Our objective was to verify early and late determinants of physical activity in young adults. A total of 2063 individuals from a birth cohort in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, were studied at the age of 23/25 years. Poisson regression was performed using three models: (1) Early model considering birth weight, gestational age, maternal schooling and smoking; (2) Late model considering individual’s gender, schooling and smoking; (3) Combined (early + late) model. Physical activity was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), stratifying the individuals into active or sedentary. The general rate of sedentary behavior in the sample was 49.6%. In the early model, low birth weight (RR=1.207, 95%CI 1.023-1.423) and lower levels of maternal education (RR=1.213, 95%CI 1.028-1.430) were risk factors for sedentary activity. Female gender (RR=1.385, 95%CI 1.285-1.516) and poor schooling (RR=1.138,95%CI 1.021- 1.269) were associated with sedentary…
Advisors/Committee Members: Goldani, Marcelo Zubaran.
Subjects/Keywords: DOHaD; Atividade motora; Exercício; Physical activity; Adulto jovem; Programming; Mismatch; Fatores epidemiologicos
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APA (6th Edition):
Fernandes, F. S. (2009). Fatores precoces e tardios determinantes de sedentarismo em adultos jovens. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/19094
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fernandes, Flávio Só. “Fatores precoces e tardios determinantes de sedentarismo em adultos jovens.” 2009. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10183/19094.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fernandes, Flávio Só. “Fatores precoces e tardios determinantes de sedentarismo em adultos jovens.” 2009. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Fernandes FS. Fatores precoces e tardios determinantes de sedentarismo em adultos jovens. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/19094.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Fernandes FS. Fatores precoces e tardios determinantes de sedentarismo em adultos jovens. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/19094
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
9.
Mulcahy, Molly C.
Associations of Maternal Carbohydrate Intake During Pregnancy and Adolescent Adiposity and Metabolic Health.
Degree: MS, Public Health, 2018, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/149652
► Maternal diet during gestation is known to affect offspring phenotypes. The majority of dietary studies in pregnancy look at restriction of protein or exposure to…
(more)
▼ Maternal diet during gestation is known to affect offspring phenotypes. The majority of dietary studies in pregnancy look at restriction of protein or exposure to high fat diet. Few concentrate on the critical macronutrient for fetal growth: carbohydrates (CHO). This study analyses both human and animal data for evidence of developmental programming of adiposity and dysmetabolism in adolescent offspring. In 237 mother-child birth pairs in the human ELEMENT birth cohort, mother’s dietary carbohydrate intakes were assessed for association with child adiposity and metabolic health outcomes in peripuberty. Mothers with greater intakes of total and net CHO during pregnancy gave birth to children who had lower adiposity and lower metabolic risk during the peripubertal period. After accounting for maternal age, child age, sex, and pubertal status, children of women in the 4th vs 1st quartile of total CHO intake in the first trimester had a 0.12-unit lower BMIz score (95% CI -0.55, 0.31, p=0.10). Children of mothers in the 4th quartile of total CHO intake also had a 0.07 unit (95% CI 0.28, 0.13, p=0.13) lower metabolic risk z score in peripuberty. Measures of c-peptide followed a similar trend, such that the 4th quartile of total CHO intake in the first trimester was associated with a 0.31-unit lower c-peptide score (95% CI -0.72, 0.11, p=0.05) compared to those whose mothers were in the 1st quartile. These associations were not attributed to delivery method, child’s diet in peripuberty, or nutrient substitution with protein or fat. This was further modeled in animals by exposing pregnant mice to 10% sucrose water or tap water during gestation. Sucrose exposed dams gave birth to offspring who had greater fat mass than dams exposed to water. Female pups of sucrose-exposed dams also had less fat free mass and better insulin tolerance in young adulthood. The mechanism for these effects is yet to be elucidated, but is not attributable to maternal weight during pregnancy, offspring food intakes, or offspring feeding efficiency. Further is necessary to highlight the mechanisms underlying these divergent results to two model systems.
Advisors/Committee Members: Perng, Wei (advisor), Bridges, Dave (committee member), Peterson, Karen (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Obesity; DoHAD; Peripuberty; Carbohydrates; Pregnancy
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APA (6th Edition):
Mulcahy, M. C. (2018). Associations of Maternal Carbohydrate Intake During Pregnancy and Adolescent Adiposity and Metabolic Health. (Masters Thesis). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/149652
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mulcahy, Molly C. “Associations of Maternal Carbohydrate Intake During Pregnancy and Adolescent Adiposity and Metabolic Health.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Michigan. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/149652.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mulcahy, Molly C. “Associations of Maternal Carbohydrate Intake During Pregnancy and Adolescent Adiposity and Metabolic Health.” 2018. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Mulcahy MC. Associations of Maternal Carbohydrate Intake During Pregnancy and Adolescent Adiposity and Metabolic Health. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Michigan; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/149652.
Council of Science Editors:
Mulcahy MC. Associations of Maternal Carbohydrate Intake During Pregnancy and Adolescent Adiposity and Metabolic Health. [Masters Thesis]. University of Michigan; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/149652
Loughborough University
10.
Norris, Thomas.
Fetal and postnatal patterns of growth in a bi-ethnic sample of children.
Degree: PhD, 2015, Loughborough University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/18001
► Background: Substantial variation exists between ethnicities in both birth weight and the prevalence of obesity-related non-communicable diseases (OR-NCDs). South Asians, who display a reduced birth…
(more)
▼ Background: Substantial variation exists between ethnicities in both birth weight and the prevalence of obesity-related non-communicable diseases (OR-NCDs). South Asians, who display a reduced birth weight and increased risk of developing these OR-NCDS, have been the focus of much of the research into the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) paradigm. However, little research utilising ultrasonically derived estimates of fetal growth has been conducted. The use of more direct measures of fetal growth may also enable the identification of relationships between patterns of fetal growth with patterns of postnatal growth, explicitly, whether periods of restricted or rapid growth lead to postnatal catch-up or down, respectively. The known differences in birth weight existing between South Asians and White British infants may also have implications for the assessment of neonatal health in these sub-groups when using a population derived birth weight chart, such as the UK-World Health Organisation (UK-WHO). Customised charts, which adjust for maternal variables including ethnicity, have been recommended for clinical practice, yet evidence for their efficacy is varied. Objectives: The aims of this thesis were to: 1) investigate whether fetal growth patterns differ between Pakistani and White British foetuses and determine whether maternal size and demographic variables mediate any such differences; 2) produce a birth weight chart adjusting for ethnicity and compare this to the UK-WHO and customised birth weight charts to determine which chart better identifies neonates at risk of the adverse delivery and neonatal outcomes associated with small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA); 3) identify whether there is evidence of weight growth tracking between fetal and infant periods and determine whether patterns of fetal growth predict patterns of postnatal growth. Methods: All data come from the Born in Bradford (BiB) birth cohort. Objective 1: Multilevel models and fractional polynomials were employed for the modelling of fetal weight, head circumference (HC) and abdominal circumference (AC) growth. Potential mediators of the effect of being of Pakistani origin were entered into the model and the effect on the ethnicity variable was assessed. Objective 2: Ethnic specific birth weight charts (BiB) were constructed using the LMS method. SGA and LGA were defined as a birth weight <10th and >90th relative to the BiB, the UK-WHO or the customised charts. Sensitivity, specificity, positive & negative predictive values and area-under-the curve were calculated for each of the three charts SGA and LGA cut-offs, to assess the predictive ability of each chart for a range of delivery and neonatal outcomes. Objective 3: Multilevel models were employed for the modelling of fetal and postnatal growth. Fitted values were produced at 20, 30, 40 prenatal weeks & 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 postnatal months in both an internal reference and the sample population. Z scores were calculated and conditional Z scores were…
Subjects/Keywords: 612.6; Fetal; Infant; Growth; Pakistani; Ultrasound; Birth weight; Charts; Catch-up; DOHaD; Bradford
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APA (6th Edition):
Norris, T. (2015). Fetal and postnatal patterns of growth in a bi-ethnic sample of children. (Doctoral Dissertation). Loughborough University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2134/18001
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Norris, Thomas. “Fetal and postnatal patterns of growth in a bi-ethnic sample of children.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Loughborough University. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2134/18001.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Norris, Thomas. “Fetal and postnatal patterns of growth in a bi-ethnic sample of children.” 2015. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Norris T. Fetal and postnatal patterns of growth in a bi-ethnic sample of children. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Loughborough University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/18001.
Council of Science Editors:
Norris T. Fetal and postnatal patterns of growth in a bi-ethnic sample of children. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Loughborough University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/18001
Université de Sherbrooke
11.
Breton, Édith.
Rôle de la méthylation de l'ADN au locus du gène NEGR1 dans l'obésité et le neurodéveloppement des enfants: Role of DNA methylation at NEGR1 gene locus in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment.
Degree: 2020, Université de Sherbrooke
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11143/16367
► Abstract: Obesity and mental disorders are important global health issues, including children. These conditions are frequently comorbids; however, the biological mechanisms underlying their relationship is…
(more)
▼ Abstract: Obesity and mental disorders are important global health issues, including children. These conditions are frequently comorbids; however, the biological mechanisms underlying their relationship is poorly understood. Growth and neurodevelopment during early life might be implicated in their association. Indeed, fetal development and childhood are critical periods of human development. Rapid and important changes occur during these stages, which are characterized by a great developmental plasticity that allows the individual to adapt to his environment. DNA methylation (DNAm) is a reversible epigenetic mechanism and is sensitive to the environment. It is thought to be implicated in this developmental plasticity through its capacity to regulate gene expression. DNAm has been associated with growth and neurodevelopment, and DNAm changes could lead to long-term health problems such as obesity and mental disorders. The aim of my master thesis was to investigate DNAm as a predictor of preschool children’s anthropometric and neurodevelopmental profiles, measured by their body mass index z-score (BMI-z) and their score to the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at 3 years of age. We used a candidate gene approach based on the Neuronal Growth Regulator 1 (NEGR1) gene, which has been widely associated with both neurodevelopment and obesity in childhood and adulthood. We had access to longitudinal data from the Gen3G cohort, whose mother and child dyads were followed by our research team from the beginning of pregnancy to the age of 3 years. Although BMI-z and SDQ scores were not associated with each other in this study, we identified sites at NEGR1 gene locus where DNAm levels in the placenta predicted these two phenotypes in preschool children. Maternal metabolic factors during pregnancy, such as BMI or glycemia, have also been associated with BMI-z and SDQ at 3 years of age, although the causal link remains to be established. Still, my results are of clear interest as they suggest that an exposure to a detrimental environment as early as before birth might put some individuals at higher risk to develop certain non-communicable diseases such as obesity. This support the importance to conduct more studies to better understand these interactions and to prevent these conditions by earlier and adapted interventions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bouchard, Luigi (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Épigénétique; DOHaD; Santé des enfants; Épidémiologie; Programmation foetale; Epigenetic; Child health; Epidemiology; Fetal programming
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Breton, . (2020). Rôle de la méthylation de l'ADN au locus du gène NEGR1 dans l'obésité et le neurodéveloppement des enfants: Role of DNA methylation at NEGR1 gene locus in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment. (Masters Thesis). Université de Sherbrooke. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11143/16367
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Breton, Édith. “Rôle de la méthylation de l'ADN au locus du gène NEGR1 dans l'obésité et le neurodéveloppement des enfants: Role of DNA methylation at NEGR1 gene locus in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Université de Sherbrooke. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11143/16367.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Breton, Édith. “Rôle de la méthylation de l'ADN au locus du gène NEGR1 dans l'obésité et le neurodéveloppement des enfants: Role of DNA methylation at NEGR1 gene locus in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment.” 2020. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Breton . Rôle de la méthylation de l'ADN au locus du gène NEGR1 dans l'obésité et le neurodéveloppement des enfants: Role of DNA methylation at NEGR1 gene locus in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Université de Sherbrooke; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11143/16367.
Council of Science Editors:
Breton . Rôle de la méthylation de l'ADN au locus du gène NEGR1 dans l'obésité et le neurodéveloppement des enfants: Role of DNA methylation at NEGR1 gene locus in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment. [Masters Thesis]. Université de Sherbrooke; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11143/16367
Erasmus University Rotterdam
12.
Dijk, Matthijs.
mHealth : An innovative approach in periconception care.
Degree: 2018, Erasmus University Rotterdam
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/112854
► textabstractThe main aim of this thesis is to investigate the benefits, barriers and effectiveness of the Smarter Pregnancy mHealth program regarding the adoption of healthy…
(more)
▼ textabstractThe main aim of this thesis is to investigate the benefits, barriers and effectiveness of the Smarter Pregnancy mHealth program regarding the adoption of healthy periconception nutrition and lifestyle and its impact on early reproductive and pregnancy outcome. The ultimate goal of this thesis is that the new knowledge as described will further substantiate the awareness of patients and health care professionals regarding the importance of healthy periconception nutrition and lifestyle.
Moreover, the opportunities provided by evidence-based personalized mHealth programs to empower target groups will probably stimulate the accessibility and implementation of periconception care. Because periconception care is a form of preventive medicine in the earliest phase of life, it should be considered as the best investment in health of current and future generations.
Subjects/Keywords: mHealth; nutrition; preventive medicin; periconception; dohad
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APA (6th Edition):
Dijk, M. (2018). mHealth : An innovative approach in periconception care. (Doctoral Dissertation). Erasmus University Rotterdam. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1765/112854
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dijk, Matthijs. “mHealth : An innovative approach in periconception care.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Erasmus University Rotterdam. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1765/112854.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dijk, Matthijs. “mHealth : An innovative approach in periconception care.” 2018. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Dijk M. mHealth : An innovative approach in periconception care. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/112854.
Council of Science Editors:
Dijk M. mHealth : An innovative approach in periconception care. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/112854
13.
Decourtye, Lyvianne.
Impact de la nutrition périnatale sur la mise en place de l'axe somatotrope : Impact of perinatal nutrition on the programming of the somatotropic axis.
Degree: Docteur es, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Thérapeutique, 2016, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066317
► La nutrition au cours de la période postnatale précoce programme l’activité de l’axe somatotrope à l’âge adulte (GH/IGF-1). Une altération de la nutrition chez les…
(more)
▼ La nutrition au cours de la période postnatale précoce programme l’activité de l’axe somatotrope à l’âge adulte (GH/IGF-1). Une altération de la nutrition chez les souriceaux au cours de la lactation altère la croissance staturo-pondérale de façon permanente et augmente leurs susceptibilités à développer des pathologies cardio-métaboliques à l’âge adulte. La restriction au cours de la lactation induit une diminution des taux plasmatiques en IGF-1 et en leptine. Ceci est associé à une diminution transitoire de l’innervation de l’éminence médiane par les neurones GHRH, ce qui induit une hypoplasie hypophysaire permanente en cellules somatotropes. Durant ma thèse, j’ai étudié l’impact de la nutrition périnatale sur la mise en place de l’axe somatotrope, notamment les mécanismes impliqués dans la régulation du développement des neurones GHRH. Les cultures d’explants de noyaux arqués issus de souriceaux normalement nourris indiquent que l’IGF-1 stimule de façon préférentielle la croissance axonale des neurones GHRH par l'intermédiaire des voies PI3K/AKT et MAPK. La leptine présenterait quant à elle un effet plus global sur les neurones du noyau arqué, stimulant la croissance axonale des neurones GHRH et des neurones orexigène à NPY/AgRP. Les neurones GHRH issus de souris restreintes sont quant à eux résistants à la stimulation de la croissance axonale par l’IGF-1 ou la leptine. Concernant l’IGF-I, cette résistance est associée à une altération des capacités de phosphorylation de la voie PI3K/AKT, tandis que celles de l’IGF-1R et de la voie MAPK ne sont pas altérées.
Nutrition during lactation programs the activity of the somatotropic axis (GH/IGF-1). Alteration of nutrition during the early postnatal period in mice induces increased susceptibility to develop cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies later in life. Nutritional restriction during lactation permanently alters growth of mice. Ten days old restricted pups present decreased plasmatic level of IGF-1 and Leptin. They also present a transient alteration of median eminence innervation by GHRH neurons, which induce a permanent somatotroph cells (GH) hypoplasia in pituitary. The aim of my thesis was to study the impact of nutrition during the perinatal period on the programming of the somatotropic axis, notably the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of GHRH neuronal development. In vitro cultures of arcuate nucleus explants of hypothalamus from normally fed pups indicate that IGF-1 preferentially stimulates axonal growth of GHRH neurons by its signaling pathways PI3K/AKT and MAPK. Leptin present a more global effect and is able to stimulate axonal growth of arcuate nucleus neurons, including GHRH and AgRP neurons. GHRH neurons from restricted pups are resistant to the stimulation of axonal growth by IGF-1 or leptin. Regarding IGF-1, this resistance is associated with an alteration of phosphorylation capacities of the PI3K/AKT pathway, whereas those from IGF-1R and MAPK are not altered.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kappeler, Laurent (thesis director), Le Bouc, Yves (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Igf-1; Leptin; Axe somatotrope; Ghrh; DOHaD; Croissance axonale; Somatotropic axis; Axonal growth; Nutrition; 616.8
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Decourtye, L. (2016). Impact de la nutrition périnatale sur la mise en place de l'axe somatotrope : Impact of perinatal nutrition on the programming of the somatotropic axis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066317
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Decourtye, Lyvianne. “Impact de la nutrition périnatale sur la mise en place de l'axe somatotrope : Impact of perinatal nutrition on the programming of the somatotropic axis.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066317.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Decourtye, Lyvianne. “Impact de la nutrition périnatale sur la mise en place de l'axe somatotrope : Impact of perinatal nutrition on the programming of the somatotropic axis.” 2016. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Decourtye L. Impact de la nutrition périnatale sur la mise en place de l'axe somatotrope : Impact of perinatal nutrition on the programming of the somatotropic axis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066317.
Council of Science Editors:
Decourtye L. Impact de la nutrition périnatale sur la mise en place de l'axe somatotrope : Impact of perinatal nutrition on the programming of the somatotropic axis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI; 2016. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066317
Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
14.
Cunha, Fábio da Silva.
Similaridades nas desigualdades : um modelo animal para o estudo de vulnerabilidade ao sedentarismo.
Degree: 2013, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70421
► Introdução: O modelo teórico, no qual perfis extremos de desigualdade coexistem num cenário complexo promovendo desfechos de saúde similares, denominado “similaridades nas desigualdades”, surgiu de…
(more)
▼ Introdução: O modelo teórico, no qual perfis extremos de desigualdade coexistem num cenário complexo promovendo desfechos de saúde similares, denominado “similaridades nas desigualdades”, surgiu de evidências em humanos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi propor um modelo animal para refletir o fenômeno "similaridades nas desigualdades". Métodos: As ratas prenhes foram randomizadas pelo peso corporal, mantidas individualmente e no dia 10 de gestação foram divididas em três grupos: Controle (Cont), que recebeu ração padrão à vontade; Restrição Alimentar 50% (R50%), que recebeu 50% do consumo do grupo controle e Dieta Rica em Gordura (RG), que recebeu uma dieta rica em gordura à vontade. Essas dietas foram oferecidas a partir do dia 10 de gestação até o dia 21 de lactação. Em até 24 horas após o nascimento, todos os filhotes foram adotados por outras mães, formando os seguintes grupos: Cont_Cont, R50%_Cont, R50%_R50%, Cont_R50%, RG_Cont, RG_RG, Cont_RG. Peso corporal e consumo alimentar das genitoras, peso ao nascer, peso ao longo da vida e exercício físico voluntário foram comparados entre grupos por Equação de Estimação Generalizada (GEE), usando diferentes modelos estatísticos. ANOVA de duas vias foi usada para avaliar os desfechos de gordura abdominal e medidas bioquímicas. Resultados: O peso corporal das genitoras Cont e RG foi maior, comparado ao peso das genitoras R50%. Além de alguns efeitos isolados da exposição às dietas R50% ou RG durante momentos específicos perinatais (gestação e/ou lactação), o efeito das "similaridades nas desigualdades" foi observado no peso ao nascer (ambos filhotes R50% e RG foram mais leves do que os Cont) e na atividade física (os grupos extremos R50%_Cont e RG_Cont foram igualmente diferentes do grupo de referência Cont_Cont, sendo machos menos ativos e fêmeas mais ativas). O acompanhamento do peso corporal ao longo da vida mostrou que os machos pesaram mais que as fêmeas. Nenhum dos três modelos estatísticos evidenciou diferenças entre grupos no total de gordura abdominal. Conclusão: Este estudo contribui com a idéia de que as desigualdades em saúde estão relacionadas a resultados similares em saúde para ambos os extremos populacionais, e propõe um modelo animal para explorar ainda mais este efeito.
Introduction: We have previously proposed a theoretical model in which extreme unequal social backgrounds coexist in a complex scenario promoting similar health outcomes, named “Similarities in the inequalities”, and had evidence of this effect in humans. Our objective was to propose an animal model to reflect the “Similarities in the inequalities” phenomenon. Methods: Rats were time-mated and randomly allocated to: Control (Adlib), receiving an ad libitum diet of standard laboratory chow, 50% food restricted (FR), receiving 50% of the ad libitum-fed dam’s intake and high fat diet (HF), receiving a diet containing 45.0% fat. These diets were provided from day 10 of pregnancy throughout the 21-day of lactation. Within 24 hours after birth, all pups were cross-fostered to other dams,…
Advisors/Committee Members: Silveira, Patrícia Pelufo.
Subjects/Keywords: Physical activity; Estilo de vida sedentário; Modelos animais de doenças; Programming; Developmental origins of health; Disease (DOHaD)
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APA (6th Edition):
Cunha, F. d. S. (2013). Similaridades nas desigualdades : um modelo animal para o estudo de vulnerabilidade ao sedentarismo. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70421
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cunha, Fábio da Silva. “Similaridades nas desigualdades : um modelo animal para o estudo de vulnerabilidade ao sedentarismo.” 2013. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70421.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cunha, Fábio da Silva. “Similaridades nas desigualdades : um modelo animal para o estudo de vulnerabilidade ao sedentarismo.” 2013. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Cunha FdS. Similaridades nas desigualdades : um modelo animal para o estudo de vulnerabilidade ao sedentarismo. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70421.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Cunha FdS. Similaridades nas desigualdades : um modelo animal para o estudo de vulnerabilidade ao sedentarismo. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70421
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
15.
Ayres, Caroline.
O tabagismo materno durante a gestação e o consumo alimentar na vida adulta.
Degree: 2009, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16564
► Objetivo: Tabagismo materno durante a gestação tem sido associado com obesidade na vida adulta, sem que mecanismos de causalidade tenham sido totalmente esclarecidos. O objetivo…
(more)
▼ Objetivo: Tabagismo materno durante a gestação tem sido associado com obesidade na vida adulta, sem que mecanismos de causalidade tenham sido totalmente esclarecidos. O objetivo deste estudo é determinar se o tabagismo materno durante a gestação está associado à preferência alimentar do filho na vida adulta e consequentemente influencia seu estado nutricional. Métodos: Estudo de coorte realizado entre 01 de junho de 1978 e 31 de maio de 1979, neste período foram incluídos 6973 recém-nascidos vivos na cidade de Ribeirão Preto. Nesta ocasião foram coletadas informações maternas, sócio-econômicas e antropométricas dos recém-nascidos. Após 24 anos, uma amostra representativa de indivíduos (n=2103) foi reavaliada. Os indivíduos responderam a um questionário de frequência alimentar, para avaliação do consumo alimentar (variáveis de desfecho). Após a exclusão de gêmeos, dos recém-nascidos menores que 34 semanas e dos indivíduos que não possuíam informação referente ao tabagismo materno durante a gestação (missings), totalizamos uma amostra representativa de 2010 indivíduos. Os indivíduos foram divididos em expostos (n=424) e não expostos ao tabagismo materno durante a gestação (n=1586). Através de análise de Covariância (ANCOVA), foi avaliada a relação entre a exposição ao fumo materno e o desfecho, ajustada para variáveis dos indivíduos e maternas. Resultados: Indivíduos expostos ao tabagismo materno durante a gestação preferem mais carboidrato em detrimento às proteínas (representada pela variável relação carboidrato/proteína) (P=0,014). Não há associação entre a exposição ao tabagismo durante a gestação e o índice de massa corporal do filho na vida adulta (P=0,332). Ao categorizar os indivíduos conforme sua preferência por carboidratos em relação às proteínas foi encontrada maior percentagem de indivíduos com alta preferência entre os expostos ao tabagismo durante a gestação (P<0,001). Conclusão: Tabagismo materno durante a gestação está associado com uma preferência alimentar por carboidrato na vida adulta em humanos. É possível que eventos adversos que ocorrem na vida fetal programem de forma persistente a fisiologia e metabolismo do indivíduo, levando a uma alteração do comportamento alimentar, o que poderia contribuir para o aumento da incidência de obesidade descrita nesta população.
Objectives: Maternal smoking during pregnancy has been associated with obesity in adulthood, although the causal mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to determine whether maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with food preferences of the adult offspring and consequently impact their nutritional status. Study Design: Cohort study carried out from 01 June 1978 to May 31, 1979, in this period 6973 newborns living in Ribeirão Preto city were included. Information on maternal, socioeconomic, and anthropometric variables was collected on that occasion. After 24 years a representative sample of individuals (n = 2103) was reassessed. The subjects answered a food frequency questionnaire. After exclusion of twins,…
Advisors/Committee Members: Goldani, Marcelo Zubaran.
Subjects/Keywords: DOHaD; Tabagismo; Efeitos adversos; Feeding behavior; Gravidez; Programming; Tobacco during gestation; Exposição materna; Troca materno-fetal; Consumo de alimentos
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Ayres, C. (2009). O tabagismo materno durante a gestação e o consumo alimentar na vida adulta. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16564
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ayres, Caroline. “O tabagismo materno durante a gestação e o consumo alimentar na vida adulta.” 2009. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16564.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ayres, Caroline. “O tabagismo materno durante a gestação e o consumo alimentar na vida adulta.” 2009. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ayres C. O tabagismo materno durante a gestação e o consumo alimentar na vida adulta. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16564.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ayres C. O tabagismo materno durante a gestação e o consumo alimentar na vida adulta. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16564
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
16.
Portella, André Krumel.
Investigação sobre o comportamento alimentar na vida adulta de ratos submetidos a regime de superalimentação no período de lactação.
Degree: 2010, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29039
► Alimentação hedônica e homeostática são fatores independentes envolvidos no desenvolvimento da obesidade. Apesar de já se saber que a superalimentação precoce altera a alimentação não…
(more)
▼ Alimentação hedônica e homeostática são fatores independentes envolvidos no desenvolvimento da obesidade. Apesar de já se saber que a superalimentação precoce altera a alimentação não hedônica na vida adulta, pouco se sabe sobre seu impacto sobre a preferência por alimentos doces. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de verificar o comportamento alimentar de ratos superalimentados no período de lactação, com foco principalmente no comportamento alimentar hedônico, e correlacionar com o funcionamento do sistema dopaminérgico mesolímbico, que sabidamente está envolvido na sua regulação. Ninhadas de ratos foram reduzidas a 4 filhotes (ninhada pequena - SL) ou 8 filhotes (ninhada normal - NL) no dia 1 de vida. O desmame ocorreu no dia 21, e todos os testes foram realizados a partir do dia 84 de vida. O consumo de ração foi realizado em condições basais, em resposta à jejum de 24h, na presença de comida palatável (doce), durante isolamento social, e em resposta ao teste de pinçamento da cauda (tail-pinch). Antes de testados com alimento doce, os ratos foram habituados a esse alimento. Locomoção foi aferida em um aparato automatizado. A Área Tegmentar Ventral (VTA) e o Núcleo Accumbens (Acc) foram dissecados a partir de microfatias congeladas. Tecido muscular foi dissecado e processado para medida da fosforilação de AKT (p-AKT) em resposta à insulina. AKT, p-AKT e Tirosina Hidroxilase (TH) foram medidas por método de western-blot. A quantidade de gordura abdominal foi cuidadosamente dissecada e pesada. Resultados: Ratos SL foram mais pesados que os NL em todas as medidas, e ao sacrifício apresentavam maior gordura abdominal (p=0,035). A atividade locomotora não foi diferente quanto à distância percorrida, mas os ratos SL exploraram a região central por mais tempo, indicando menor comportamento ansioso (p=0,036). Não se encontrou diferenças quanto ao consumo de ração padrão (p=0.085) ou alimento doce em condições basais (p=0,65), mas ratos SL tiveram maior consumo de doce num paradigma de escolha com ração-padrão (p=0,017) e em resposta ao estresse de pinçamento da cauda (interação teste x grupo, p=0,006). TH encontrou-se aumentada em ratos SL, tanto no VTA (p=0.016) quanto no Acc (p=0,022). Ratos SL não diferiram quanto a fosforilação do AKT no músculo, porém tiveram menor AKT (p=0,047), o que sugere uma resistência periférica à insulina latente. Em conclusão, a exposição a superalimentação no período de lactação reduz a ansiedade, induz obesidade e programa o comportamento alimentar persistentemente, de maneira que esses animais têm maior preferência por alimento doce. A esses resultados se soma a alteração dos níveis de TH nas vias mesolímbicas, o que sugere a participação destas nessa alteração de comportamento.
Hedonic and homeostatic food intakes are independent factors involved in the development of obesity. Although it is well known that early life overfeeding increases food intake in adulthood, little is know about its impact on the palatable food preference in adulthood. We aimed at verifying feeding behavior in…
Advisors/Committee Members: Goldani, Marcelo Zubaran.
Subjects/Keywords: Early overfeeding; Comportamento alimentar; Ratos; Developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD); Hiperfagia; Dopamine; Lactação; Feeding behavior; Modelos animais
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Portella, A. K. (2010). Investigação sobre o comportamento alimentar na vida adulta de ratos submetidos a regime de superalimentação no período de lactação. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29039
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Portella, André Krumel. “Investigação sobre o comportamento alimentar na vida adulta de ratos submetidos a regime de superalimentação no período de lactação.” 2010. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29039.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Portella, André Krumel. “Investigação sobre o comportamento alimentar na vida adulta de ratos submetidos a regime de superalimentação no período de lactação.” 2010. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Portella AK. Investigação sobre o comportamento alimentar na vida adulta de ratos submetidos a regime de superalimentação no período de lactação. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29039.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Portella AK. Investigação sobre o comportamento alimentar na vida adulta de ratos submetidos a regime de superalimentação no período de lactação. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29039
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
17.
Ayres, Caroline.
Tabagismo materno durante a gestação e reações faciais hedônicas ao gosto doce em recém-nascidos.
Degree: 2015, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131201
► Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo é verificar se a exposição ao tabagismo materno na vida intrauterina está relacionada a um padrão específico de expressões faciais…
(more)
▼ Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo é verificar se a exposição ao tabagismo materno na vida intrauterina está relacionada a um padrão específico de expressões faciais hedônicas para o gosto doce em recém-nascidos, no início da vida. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, controlado e observacional. Foram avaliados recém-nascidos saudáveis, com até 24 horas de vida. Para compor a amostra foram incluídos recém-nascidos de nascimento único, idade gestacional acima de 37 semanas, nascidos de parto normal, em aleitamento materno exclusivo e cujos recém-nascidos já haviam sido colocados ao seio materno previamente ao teste de reação facial hedônica resultante do gosto doce. A amostra é de conveniência e foi selecionada de forma consecutiva, de acordo com a exposição ou não ao tabaco na vida intrauterina, até atingir o número de recém-nascidos necessários para o estudo. Neste estudo, dividimos os recém-nascidos estudados em dois grupos: a)Recém-nascidos expostos ao tabagismo materno na vida uterina (n=50); b)Recém-nascidos não expostos ao tabagismo materno na vida uterina (n=150). Para comparar as expressões faciais hedônicas à sacarose em relação à exposição ou não ao tabagismo materno durante a gestação foi utilizado o teste de Mann-Whitney. Para comparar os valores extremos das expressões faciais hedônicas a sacarose entre os grupos foi aplicado o teste de Moses. Para controle de fatores confundidores como, peso ao nascimento, comprimento ao nascimento, duração da gestação, escolaridade, razão de crescimento fetal e tempo da última mamada até a hora do teste foi utilizada a Análise de Covariância (ANCOVA). da última mamada até a hora do teste foi utilizada a Análise de Covariância (ANCOVA). Resultados: A frequência total de reações faciais hedônicas a estímulo oral doce em recém-nascidos expostos e não expostos ao tabagismo materno durante a gestação não foi diferente entre os grupos (p=0,051), no entanto, verificando os valores extremos, observou-se que o grupo exposto ao tabagismo na gestação apresenta menos valores extremos do que o grupo não exposto, provavelmente devido ao “congelamento” da reação hedônica no grupo exposto (p<0,001). Conclusão: O tabagismo materno durante a gestação pode estar relacionado a um padrão especifico de expressões faciais hedônicas para o sabor doce no inicio da vida. Não existe diferença estatística entre maior frequência de reações faciais hedônicas a substâncias doces em recém-nascidos expostos ao tabagismo na vida intrauterina, entretanto, observamos que recém-nascidos expostos ao tabagismo na vida intrauterina parecem ter as expressões faciais congeladas/sensibilizadas em relação ao consumo de uma substância doce, uma vez que recém-nascidos não expostos atingem níveis maiores de prazer em relação à ingestão de substância doce. Pode-se propor que o tabagismo materno leva a uma sensibilidade ao prazer provocada pelo sabor doce e, possivelmente, os indivíduos com esta sensibilidade poderiam aumentar o consumo alimentar por doce para tentar chegar a um maior grau de…
Advisors/Committee Members: Goldani, Marcelo Zubaran.
Subjects/Keywords: Hábito de fumar; DOHaD; Gravidez; Programming; Recém-nascido; Smoking during gestation; Hedonic response; Expressão facial; Hedonic reactivity; Facial reactions; Taste
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APA (6th Edition):
Ayres, C. (2015). Tabagismo materno durante a gestação e reações faciais hedônicas ao gosto doce em recém-nascidos. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131201
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ayres, Caroline. “Tabagismo materno durante a gestação e reações faciais hedônicas ao gosto doce em recém-nascidos.” 2015. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131201.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ayres, Caroline. “Tabagismo materno durante a gestação e reações faciais hedônicas ao gosto doce em recém-nascidos.” 2015. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ayres C. Tabagismo materno durante a gestação e reações faciais hedônicas ao gosto doce em recém-nascidos. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131201.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ayres C. Tabagismo materno durante a gestação e reações faciais hedônicas ao gosto doce em recém-nascidos. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131201
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
18.
Tungalagsuvd, Altankhuu.
The expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic factors in middle-aged female rats that had been subjected to prenatal undernutrition : 胎生期に低栄養を経験した雌ラットにおける加齢時の食欲促進因子および抑制因子の発現に関する研究.
Degree: 博士（医学）, 2017, Tokushima University / 徳島大学
URL: http://repo.lib.tokushima-u.ac.jp/110114
Subjects/Keywords: FGR; Orexigenic factor; Anorexigenic factor; DOHaD; NPY
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APA (6th Edition):
Tungalagsuvd, A. (2017). The expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic factors in middle-aged female rats that had been subjected to prenatal undernutrition : 胎生期に低栄養を経験した雌ラットにおける加齢時の食欲促進因子および抑制因子の発現に関する研究. (Thesis). Tokushima University / 徳島大学. Retrieved from http://repo.lib.tokushima-u.ac.jp/110114
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tungalagsuvd, Altankhuu. “The expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic factors in middle-aged female rats that had been subjected to prenatal undernutrition : 胎生期に低栄養を経験した雌ラットにおける加齢時の食欲促進因子および抑制因子の発現に関する研究.” 2017. Thesis, Tokushima University / 徳島大学. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://repo.lib.tokushima-u.ac.jp/110114.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tungalagsuvd, Altankhuu. “The expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic factors in middle-aged female rats that had been subjected to prenatal undernutrition : 胎生期に低栄養を経験した雌ラットにおける加齢時の食欲促進因子および抑制因子の発現に関する研究.” 2017. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Tungalagsuvd A. The expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic factors in middle-aged female rats that had been subjected to prenatal undernutrition : 胎生期に低栄養を経験した雌ラットにおける加齢時の食欲促進因子および抑制因子の発現に関する研究. [Internet] [Thesis]. Tokushima University / 徳島大学; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://repo.lib.tokushima-u.ac.jp/110114.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Tungalagsuvd A. The expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic factors in middle-aged female rats that had been subjected to prenatal undernutrition : 胎生期に低栄養を経験した雌ラットにおける加齢時の食欲促進因子および抑制因子の発現に関する研究. [Thesis]. Tokushima University / 徳島大学; 2017. Available from: http://repo.lib.tokushima-u.ac.jp/110114
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of South Florida
19.
Arroyo, Juan Pablo.
Exploring Potential Risk Factors of Fetal Origins of Diabetes: Maternal Stressors during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes among Women in a Hospital in the Municipality of Caguas, Puerto Rico.
Degree: 2013, University of South Florida
URL: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4628
► Puerto Rico has the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes, low birth-weight, and the second highest prevalence of preterm-birth in all the U.S. and its…
(more)
▼ Puerto Rico has the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes, low birth-weight, and the second highest prevalence of preterm-birth in all the U.S. and its non-incorporated territories. These conditions are related. Birth-weight at both ends of the spectrum and preterm-birth are associated with an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes and immune-inflammatory dysregulations. Maternal psychosocial stressors during pregnancy have also been recognized as potential risk factors for type 2 diabetes, and have been consistently associated with preterm-birth and low birth-weight across populations. Current evidence points toward epigenetic fetal metabolic-programming as the mechanism that underlies the increased risk for the previously mentioned morbidities. However, the particular psychosocial stressors that may contribute to the high prevalence of low birth-weight and preterm-birth in the population of Puerto Rico have not been well studied.
The present study assesses the relationships between particular psychosocial stressors, socioeconomic status, food insecurity, and birth outcomes. The results of this study show that low-risk pregnancy women were more likely to have babies with a higher ponderal index if they were exposed to stressors during gestation months 5, 6, and 7, or if exposed to "relationship stress" at any time during pregnancy. Women exposed to "financial difficulties" at any time during pregnancy were more likely to deliver babies at an earlier gestational age. Differences in birth outcomes between the exposed and non-exposed women were independent of maternal anthropometric measurements, maternal age at birth, number of previous births, and sex of the baby. Significant differences in birth outcomes were found between categories of father's self-identified and identified by others ethnicity, but sample size within categories was small. Although mothers with children at home had higher levels of food insecurity, and the level of food insecurity was correlated with higher levels of stress, no birth outcome measure was associated with food insecurity.
Some results are atypical in comparison with other populations, and therefore these findings may contribute to the understanding of population differences in the relationship between maternal stress during pregnancy and birth outcomes. The relatively small sample size and strict exclusion criteria of this study may limit the generalizability of the findings. Epidemiological similarities between Puerto Rico and other populations, and the possibility of a higher ponderal index increasing the risk for type 2 diabetes in the population of Puerto Rico need to be examined in future research.
Subjects/Keywords: birth-term; birth-weight; Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD); epigenetic fetal-programming; ponderal index; psychosocial stress; Developmental Biology; Epidemiology
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APA (6th Edition):
Arroyo, J. P. (2013). Exploring Potential Risk Factors of Fetal Origins of Diabetes: Maternal Stressors during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes among Women in a Hospital in the Municipality of Caguas, Puerto Rico. (Thesis). University of South Florida. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4628
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Arroyo, Juan Pablo. “Exploring Potential Risk Factors of Fetal Origins of Diabetes: Maternal Stressors during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes among Women in a Hospital in the Municipality of Caguas, Puerto Rico.” 2013. Thesis, University of South Florida. Accessed January 20, 2021.
https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4628.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Arroyo, Juan Pablo. “Exploring Potential Risk Factors of Fetal Origins of Diabetes: Maternal Stressors during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes among Women in a Hospital in the Municipality of Caguas, Puerto Rico.” 2013. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Arroyo JP. Exploring Potential Risk Factors of Fetal Origins of Diabetes: Maternal Stressors during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes among Women in a Hospital in the Municipality of Caguas, Puerto Rico. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4628.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Arroyo JP. Exploring Potential Risk Factors of Fetal Origins of Diabetes: Maternal Stressors during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes among Women in a Hospital in the Municipality of Caguas, Puerto Rico. [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2013. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4628
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of South Florida
20.
Gottfredson, Lauren Michelle.
Maternal Stress, Breastmilk IGF-1, and Offspring Growth among Breastfeeding Mothers-Infant Pairs in the Tampa Bay Area.
Degree: 2015, University of South Florida
URL: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5690
► Background: Maternal stress during utero has been shown to have negative health consequences on the offspring, including low birth weight and increased risk of adult…
(more)
▼ Background: Maternal stress during utero has been shown to have negative health consequences on the offspring, including low birth weight and increased risk of adult disease. Variation in breastmilk may act as an environmental cue of maternal stress and continue to program the infant during early life. This research aimed to explore the role of breastmilk on developmental programming of the infant. Specifically, to examine how breastmilk may act as a medium for the exposure of stress between the mother and the offspring, and see if variation in insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) a potential mechanism for the relationship.
Methods: Survey-interviews, anthropometrics of the mother and offspring (height and weight), and breastmilk samples were collected for 31 breastfeeding mother-offspring pairs in the Tampa Bay area. Breastmilk was analyzed for IGF-1 and fat content. Maternal stress was measured through the PSS-10 and two self-reported ten-point stress scales. Offspring length for age and weight for age Z-scores were calculated using LMS equation.
Results: PPS-10 score was negatively correlated with child length for age and weight for age Z-scores. Child length for age and weight for age Z-scores were also negatively correlated with the breastmilk fat variables (creamatocrit percent, fat g/dL, and kcal/dL). No relationships were found between breastmilk IGF-1 and offspring length for age, weight for age, or maternal stress. Conclusions: Results indicate that maternal stress may negatively impact offspring growth. However, more research is necessary to better understand if or how breastmilk fat may act as a mechanism to mediate offspring growth due to maternal stress. This sample had low levels and prevalence of detectable IGF-1, which likely contributed to the lack of statistical relationships.
Further research using lower dilutions and larger samples sizes is necessary to better explore the potential role of breastmilk IGF-1 on offspring growth and/or its relationship to maternal stress.
Subjects/Keywords: Developmental origins; developmental programming; DoHAD; maternal health; offspring health; programming mechanims; Biology; Medicine and Health Sciences; Public Health
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APA (6th Edition):
Gottfredson, L. M. (2015). Maternal Stress, Breastmilk IGF-1, and Offspring Growth among Breastfeeding Mothers-Infant Pairs in the Tampa Bay Area. (Thesis). University of South Florida. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5690
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gottfredson, Lauren Michelle. “Maternal Stress, Breastmilk IGF-1, and Offspring Growth among Breastfeeding Mothers-Infant Pairs in the Tampa Bay Area.” 2015. Thesis, University of South Florida. Accessed January 20, 2021.
https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5690.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gottfredson, Lauren Michelle. “Maternal Stress, Breastmilk IGF-1, and Offspring Growth among Breastfeeding Mothers-Infant Pairs in the Tampa Bay Area.” 2015. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Gottfredson LM. Maternal Stress, Breastmilk IGF-1, and Offspring Growth among Breastfeeding Mothers-Infant Pairs in the Tampa Bay Area. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5690.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Gottfredson LM. Maternal Stress, Breastmilk IGF-1, and Offspring Growth among Breastfeeding Mothers-Infant Pairs in the Tampa Bay Area. [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2015. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5690
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Erasmus University Rotterdam
21.
Koning, Irene.
Early human brain development : the impact of periconceptional maternal and fetal factors.
Degree: Department of Radiology, 2017, Erasmus University Rotterdam
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/99310
► textabstractEarly human brain development is an extremely complex process which is highly susceptible to genetic and environmental conditions. These factors may cause subtle changes in…
(more)
▼ textabstractEarly human brain development is an extremely complex process which is highly susceptible to genetic and environmental conditions. These factors may cause subtle changes in early brain development and subsequent neurodevelopmental impairment. The main objective of this thesis is to provide more insight in early human brain development during the embryonic, fetal and early neonatal period and factors that disrupt this process.
Subjects/Keywords: Brain; ultrasound; prenatal; growth and development; embryo; fetus; Dohad
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APA (6th Edition):
Koning, I. (2017). Early human brain development : the impact of periconceptional maternal and fetal factors. (Doctoral Dissertation). Erasmus University Rotterdam. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1765/99310
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Koning, Irene. “Early human brain development : the impact of periconceptional maternal and fetal factors.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Erasmus University Rotterdam. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1765/99310.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Koning, Irene. “Early human brain development : the impact of periconceptional maternal and fetal factors.” 2017. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Koning I. Early human brain development : the impact of periconceptional maternal and fetal factors. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/99310.
Council of Science Editors:
Koning I. Early human brain development : the impact of periconceptional maternal and fetal factors. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/99310
22.
Trussler, Alexander.
The effect of a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy on the expression of the amino acid transporter System B0,+ in early rat embryos.
Degree: 2010, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4892
► Epidemiological studies have shown that human adults have a higher chance of developing various metabolic disorders, such as type II diabetes and hypertension, due to…
(more)
▼ Epidemiological studies have shown that human adults have a higher chance of developing various metabolic disorders, such as type II diabetes and hypertension, due to maternal under nutrition. The concept that conditions encountered in early development can have far reaching implications for an individual’s adult life is known as the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis. In vitro studies have shown that if the amino acid leucine is not available at a high enough concentration the embryo will not exhibit normal trophectoderm protrusive activity which precedes implantation. The amino acid transport system System B0,+ is the main gateway into these cells for leucine but its expression at the transcription level has never been shown in preimplantation blastocysts. We investigated System B0,+ expression in preimplantation blastocysts from dams fed a control versus a low-protein isocaloric diet (18% and 9% casein, respectively). Using RT-PCR to detect the System B0,+ transcript, ATB0,+, we found that indeed there is expression of this amino acid transporter in the pre-implantation rat blastocyst. Due to the gender-specific nature of many DOHaD phenomena, the blastocysts were sexed using gender specific primers and a nested PCR approach. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) results show no significant difference in ATB0,+ expression in blastocysts taken from dams fed either diet (9% n= 56, 18% n = 52; 7 dams from each diet group). Furthermore, separating the data by gender reveals no significant difference in expression. However, while not significant, there does appear to be a trend in the protein restricted blastocysts towards increased transcription of ATB0,+, suggesting System B0,+ may be responding at the transcription level to the diet. This could be part of the predictive adaptive response leading to a reprogrammed phenotype as described by the DOHaD hypothesis. Further work is needed to elucidate System B0,+’s role in developmental programming.
Subjects/Keywords: blastocyst; embryo; System B0,+; DOHaD; protein restriction
…transcribed from RNA). Pg. 33
CV – Cardiovascular. Pg. 4
DOHaD - Developmental Origins of… …Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis proposes
that sub-optimal… …Model - Maternal Low Protein Diet
One of the most common models used to investigate the DOHaD… …the various DOHaD models during development, with
males being the more fragile of the two… …phenotypes described in
the DOHaD literature.
The epigenetics of a developing embryo can be altered…
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Trussler, A. (2010). The effect of a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy on the expression of the amino acid transporter System B0,+ in early rat embryos. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4892
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Trussler, Alexander. “The effect of a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy on the expression of the amino acid transporter System B0,+ in early rat embryos.” 2010. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4892.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Trussler, Alexander. “The effect of a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy on the expression of the amino acid transporter System B0,+ in early rat embryos.” 2010. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Trussler A. The effect of a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy on the expression of the amino acid transporter System B0,+ in early rat embryos. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4892.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Trussler A. The effect of a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy on the expression of the amino acid transporter System B0,+ in early rat embryos. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4892
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Leiden University
23.
Holstein, Cynthia.
Juvenile physiological stress as risk factor to Tuberculosis: Examining non-specific skeletal stress markers (stature, Harris Lines, cribra orbitalia, and dental enamel hypoplasia) and their association to tuberculosis in the Dutch populations of rural post-medieval Middenbeemster and urban medieval Alkmaar.
Degree: 2017, Leiden University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/46561
► The aim of this thesis is to examine the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory and its usefulness in the analysis of past…
(more)
▼ The aim of this thesis is to examine the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (
DOHaD) theory and its usefulness in the analysis of past populations. The
DOHaD hypothesis states that many modern day diseases and a negative health in adulthood can be attributed to stressful events that happened earlier in pregnancy, infancy or childhood. This thesis analyses if individuals that were affected by physiological stress during childhood were more likely to develop tuberculosis. Individuals from two Dutch skeletal collections are studied: Middenbeemster, a post medieval rural community and Alkmaar, a medieval city. To identify childhood stress in the past, several non-specific indicators of stress are examined in juveniles and adults: stature, Harris lines, cribra orbitalia and dental enamel hypoplasia. Although these skeletal markers have multiple and overlapping aetiologies, the presence and severity of these skeletal lesions may provide insight into the resistance to stress and which sort of environmental stress could have been a risk factor to tuberculosis. Further, it is examined if any of the skeletal markers can be associated with a specific category of tuberculous lesions. Skeletal tuberculosis is divided in definitive, probable and possible lesions. Statistical analyses were performed to determine if there was a difference in the prevalence of each stress marker in the group affected with tuberculosis (definitive, possible or probable cases) and the group of individuals that was not affected by this infection. Statistical results demonstrates that delayed growth may have been a risk factor to tuberculosis in the Alkmaar population, though it was not statistically significant. The prevalence rates of Harris lines, cribra orbitalia (CO) and dental enamel hypoplasia (DEH) were high in the Alkmaar population, in contrast to the Middenbeemster population. However, these three stress markers were associated with tuberculosis in the Middenbeemster sample, in contrast to Alkmaar. CO and DEH were particularly associated with possible tuberculous lesions (new bone formation on the ribs and vascularization of or pits/grooves on the vertebral bodies). Additionally, CO could also be associated with definitive tuberculous lesions. Results show that childhood stresses, such as poor nutrition or disease could have been a risk factor that made individuals more susceptible to tuberculosis. This thesis also discusses the interpretational and methodological limitations of using the
DOHaD on the skeletal remains of past populations. Factors that may have influenced the interpretation if early stress increases the risk to tuberculosis are considered.
Advisors/Committee Members: Inskip, Sarah (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Tuberculosis; Dental enamel hypoplasia; cribra orbitalia; harris lines; Middenbeemster; Alkmaar; physiological stress; The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease; DOHaD concept; Barker Hypothesis
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Holstein, C. (2017). Juvenile physiological stress as risk factor to Tuberculosis: Examining non-specific skeletal stress markers (stature, Harris Lines, cribra orbitalia, and dental enamel hypoplasia) and their association to tuberculosis in the Dutch populations of rural post-medieval Middenbeemster and urban medieval Alkmaar. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/46561
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Holstein, Cynthia. “Juvenile physiological stress as risk factor to Tuberculosis: Examining non-specific skeletal stress markers (stature, Harris Lines, cribra orbitalia, and dental enamel hypoplasia) and their association to tuberculosis in the Dutch populations of rural post-medieval Middenbeemster and urban medieval Alkmaar.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1887/46561.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Holstein, Cynthia. “Juvenile physiological stress as risk factor to Tuberculosis: Examining non-specific skeletal stress markers (stature, Harris Lines, cribra orbitalia, and dental enamel hypoplasia) and their association to tuberculosis in the Dutch populations of rural post-medieval Middenbeemster and urban medieval Alkmaar.” 2017. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Holstein C. Juvenile physiological stress as risk factor to Tuberculosis: Examining non-specific skeletal stress markers (stature, Harris Lines, cribra orbitalia, and dental enamel hypoplasia) and their association to tuberculosis in the Dutch populations of rural post-medieval Middenbeemster and urban medieval Alkmaar. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/46561.
Council of Science Editors:
Holstein C. Juvenile physiological stress as risk factor to Tuberculosis: Examining non-specific skeletal stress markers (stature, Harris Lines, cribra orbitalia, and dental enamel hypoplasia) and their association to tuberculosis in the Dutch populations of rural post-medieval Middenbeemster and urban medieval Alkmaar. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/46561
Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI
24.
Picone, Olivier.
Influence de l’alimentation hyperlipidique hypercholestérolémique sur l’expression génique embryonnaire et le développement de maladies à long terme : etudes sur le modèle lapin : Effect of hyperlipidic hypercholesterolemic diet on embryo genic expression and development of diseases at adult age : studies on rabbit model.
Degree: Docteur es, Biologie, 2011, Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2011PA11T025
► Les problèmes de santé liés à l’alimentation hyperlipidique chez l’humain sont en constante progression. Or, une perturbation de l’environnement fœtal induit chez la descendance une…
(more)
▼ Les problèmes de santé liés à l’alimentation hyperlipidique chez l’humain sont en constante progression. Or, une perturbation de l’environnement fœtal induit chez la descendance une susceptibilité plus grande à développer des maladies à l’âge adulte (
DOHad : Developmental Origins of Health and Disease). L’objectif de ce travail de Thèse est d’évaluer, chez le lapin, les conséquences d’une alimentation hypercholestérolémique et hyperlipidique sur le développement embryonnaire, fœtal, et la survenue de troubles métaboliques à long terme.Nous avons nourri des lapines ad libitum avec un régime hypercholéstérolémique (0,2%) et hyperlipidique (8%) (HH) ou un régime témoin (C) à partir de l'âge de 10 (expérience 1) ou de 18 semaines (age de la mise à la reproduction, expérience 2). A la naissance, les portées ont été équilibrées et des croisements effectués pour différencier l'effet de l'alimentation de la mère pendant la gestation et pendant la lactation. Ainsi des lapereaux nés de mères HH ont été allaités par des mères C (groupe HH-C) ou HH (groupe HH-HH) et des lapereaux nés de mère C ont été allaités par des mères C (groupe C-C) ou HH (groupe C-HH). Au cours de l’expérience 1, un retard de croissance intra utérin (RCIU) significatif a été mis en évidence dès 9 jours de gestation par échographie dans le groupe HH (P<0,05). A la naissance, les laperaux étaient significativement plus légers (P<0,05). En raison d’un rattrapage pondéral rapide, il n’existait plus de différence significative au sevrage. Tous les lapins ont alors reçu un aliment témoin distribué ad libitum. A J176, il n’y avait pas de différence de poids entre les groupes HH-HH et HH-C, mais les animaux de ces deux groupes étaient significativement plus lourds que les groupes C-C and C-HH (P<0.05). De plus, la tension artérielle était plus élevée dans le groupe HH-HH par rapport à tous les autres groupes (P<0.05). Au cours de l’expérience 2, de tels effets physiologiques n’ont pas été observés. Les effets physiologiques n'ayant été observés que lorsque le régime avait été commencé avant la gestation, nous avons émis l'hypothèse que l'environnement maternel précoce avait été modifié, entrainant une perturbation du développement embryonnaire à l'origine des conséquences à long terme. l’expression des gènes au moment de la mise en route du génome embryonnaire a été étudié à l’aide d’une puce dédiée. L’analyse transcriptomique a permis de suggérer que certains transcrits étaient présents en quantités différentes. Nous avons montré par qRT-PCR que le régime HH induit une augmentation transitoire de la quantité de transcrit de l’adipophiline (présente à J2 mais pas à J5,5). L’analyse immunohistochimique montre une quantité plus importante de gouttelettes lipidiques localisées près du noyau dans les embryons issus de mères nourries par le régime HH à J5,5 comparé aux témoins. Ces résultats illustrent l’importance de la nutrition avant et pendant la gestation pour la determination de la croissance in utero et postnatale, ainsi que pour le développement de maladies…
Advisors/Committee Members: Chavatte-Palmer, Pascale (thesis director), Duranthon, Véronique (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Origine fœtale des maladies de l’adulte; Gestation; Alimentation hyperlipidique hypercholestérolémique; Echographie; PCR; Adipophiline; Embryon; Fœtus; Developmental origins of adult disease (DOhad),; Gestation; High-fat diet; Cholesterol; Embryo; Ultrasound,; PCR; Adipophilin
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APA (6th Edition):
Picone, O. (2011). Influence de l’alimentation hyperlipidique hypercholestérolémique sur l’expression génique embryonnaire et le développement de maladies à long terme : etudes sur le modèle lapin : Effect of hyperlipidic hypercholesterolemic diet on embryo genic expression and development of diseases at adult age : studies on rabbit model. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2011PA11T025
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Picone, Olivier. “Influence de l’alimentation hyperlipidique hypercholestérolémique sur l’expression génique embryonnaire et le développement de maladies à long terme : etudes sur le modèle lapin : Effect of hyperlipidic hypercholesterolemic diet on embryo genic expression and development of diseases at adult age : studies on rabbit model.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2011PA11T025.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Picone, Olivier. “Influence de l’alimentation hyperlipidique hypercholestérolémique sur l’expression génique embryonnaire et le développement de maladies à long terme : etudes sur le modèle lapin : Effect of hyperlipidic hypercholesterolemic diet on embryo genic expression and development of diseases at adult age : studies on rabbit model.” 2011. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Picone O. Influence de l’alimentation hyperlipidique hypercholestérolémique sur l’expression génique embryonnaire et le développement de maladies à long terme : etudes sur le modèle lapin : Effect of hyperlipidic hypercholesterolemic diet on embryo genic expression and development of diseases at adult age : studies on rabbit model. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2011PA11T025.
Council of Science Editors:
Picone O. Influence de l’alimentation hyperlipidique hypercholestérolémique sur l’expression génique embryonnaire et le développement de maladies à long terme : etudes sur le modèle lapin : Effect of hyperlipidic hypercholesterolemic diet on embryo genic expression and development of diseases at adult age : studies on rabbit model. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Paris-Sud – Paris XI; 2011. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2011PA11T025
25.
Pluymen, L.P.M.
Early life determinants of childhood overweight and cardiometabolic health.
Degree: 2018, University Utrecht
URL: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/371908
;
URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-371908
;
urn:isbn:978-94-028-1206-0
;
URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-371908
;
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/371908
► The hypothesis on the influence of prenatal conditions on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adulthood has become known as the “Developmental Origins of Health and…
(more)
▼ The hypothesis on the influence of prenatal conditions on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adulthood has become known as the “Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (
DOHaD)” and has been supported by results from many epidemiological studies. There is growing recognition that the CVD process already starts in childhood, but less is known about the influence of early life conditions on CVD risk in childhood. The aim of this thesis was to investigate whether exposures during pregnancy and up to one year of age, are determinants of overweight and cardiometabolic health in childhood. To answer my research question, I performed a systematic review of the literature and I used the data from two Dutch birth cohorts. The Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy study is a population based ongoing cohort that has followed Dutch children from before birth in 1996-1997 until early adulthood. The baseline population consisted of 3,963 children. We used the data for three studies in this thesis. Data on the exposures, i.e. CS delivery, breastfeeding and early introduction of complementary foods, were retrieved from parental questionnaires at the child’s age of 3 months and 1 year. Data on overweight and cardiometabolic markers were retrieved from clinical examinations at 4, 8, 12 and 16 years or from parental questionnaires at 1 until 8 years, 11, 14 and 17 years. The Wheezing Illnesses STudy LEidsche Rijn (WHISTLER) is an ongoing birth cohort in Leidsche Rijn, a residential area near the city of Utrecht, The Netherlands.Between 2001 and 2014, almost 3,000 newborns were enrolled in the study. We used the data for one study in this thesis. Data on infant formula with LCPUFAs were retrieved from 12 monthly parental questionnaires in the child’s first year of life. Data on blood pressure and vascular wall characteristics were retrieved from the clinical examination at 5 years. Based on the results in this thesis and on results of previous studies, I conclude that the risk of childhood overweight is, at least partly, increased by cesarean section delivery and decreased by breastfeeding and introduction of complementary foods after 4 months of age. Although our systematic review showed a higher blood pressure in children who were exposed in utero to a mother with pregnancy induced hypertension, and a lower blood pressure in breastfed children, I conclude that the observed association for both exposures is unlikely to be causal. With respect to the other cardiometabolic markers, the studies in this thesis showed no evidence for a relation with the early life risk factors of interest. The overall conclusion is that exposures during pregnancy and up to one year of age are determinants of childhood overweight but not of childhood cardiometabolic health. For future research, I hypothesize that early life determinants may have an effect on cardiometabolic health through their effect on overweight, and if this is the case, then this may come to expression later in life.
Advisors/Committee Members: Smit, H.A. (Jet), van Rossem, Lenie.
Subjects/Keywords: early life; pregnancy; hypertensive disorders; breastfeeding; cesarean; overweight; cardiometabolic; DOHaD
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Pluymen, L. P. M. (2018). Early life determinants of childhood overweight and cardiometabolic health. (Doctoral Dissertation). University Utrecht. Retrieved from https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/371908 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-371908 ; urn:isbn:978-94-028-1206-0 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-371908 ; https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/371908
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pluymen, L P M. “Early life determinants of childhood overweight and cardiometabolic health.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University Utrecht. Accessed January 20, 2021.
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/371908 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-371908 ; urn:isbn:978-94-028-1206-0 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-371908 ; https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/371908.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pluymen, L P M. “Early life determinants of childhood overweight and cardiometabolic health.” 2018. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Pluymen LPM. Early life determinants of childhood overweight and cardiometabolic health. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University Utrecht; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/371908 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-371908 ; urn:isbn:978-94-028-1206-0 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-371908 ; https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/371908.
Council of Science Editors:
Pluymen LPM. Early life determinants of childhood overweight and cardiometabolic health. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University Utrecht; 2018. Available from: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/371908 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-371908 ; urn:isbn:978-94-028-1206-0 ; URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1874-371908 ; https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/371908
26.
Hollanders, J.J.
Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Degree: 2020, NARCIS
URL: https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6
;
urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6
;
818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6
;
1871.1/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6
;
urn:isbn:9789463613880
;
urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6
;
https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6
Subjects/Keywords: endocrine; pediatric; neonatology; breastmilk; breast milk; cortisol; cortisone; thyroid; neurodevelopment; growth; glucocorticoids; dohad
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Hollanders, J. J. (2020). Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes. (Doctoral Dissertation). NARCIS. Retrieved from https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; 818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; 1871.1/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; urn:isbn:9789463613880 ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hollanders, J J. “Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, NARCIS. Accessed January 20, 2021.
https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; 818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; 1871.1/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; urn:isbn:9789463613880 ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hollanders, J J. “Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes.” 2020. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Hollanders JJ. Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. NARCIS; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; 818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; 1871.1/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; urn:isbn:9789463613880 ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6.
Council of Science Editors:
Hollanders JJ. Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. NARCIS; 2020. Available from: https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; 818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; 1871.1/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; urn:isbn:9789463613880 ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6 ; https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/818f48f4-adbe-4545-b213-9c07b21a3cb6
University of Melbourne
27.
Mansell, Toby Edward.
Combined genetic and epigenetic analysis to identify early life determinants of complex phenotype.
Degree: 2019, University of Melbourne
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/235771
► There is now considerable evidence indicating that risk of many complex diseases in adulthood may be influenced by exposure to environmental exposures in utero. A…
(more)
▼ There is now considerable evidence indicating that risk of many complex diseases in adulthood may be influenced by exposure to environmental exposures in utero. A growing number of studies suggest epigenetic markers, including DNA methylation, are involved in this process. Understanding how DNA methylation is impacted by pregnancy exposures, and related to later health, may both contribute to unravelling the aetiology of complex disease risk in later life and provide a potential early-life biomarker for risk prediction. However, current evidence is limited. There has been a predominance of small, poorly powered studies, failure to consider the effects of genetic variation, and limited replication of previous findings. In addition, previous studies investigating the relationship between DNA methylation and offspring health have been primarily cross-sectional.
For these reasons, I investigated the associations between pregnancy exposures (in particular, maternal smoking, nutrition and metabolic health, psychosocial stress, and adverse pregnancy conditions), birth outcomes, and offspring blood DNA methylation of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and H19, hypoxia-inducible factor 3A (HIF3A), leptin (LEP) genes. I also considered how genetic variation impacted on these associations. I then investigated the longitudinal relationship between early life methylation and anthropometry, as well as the association between early life methylation and later childhood measures of weight, adiposity, and cardiovascular health.
To do this, the large, population-based longitudinal Barwon Infant Study pre-birth cohort (n=1,074) was used, with clinical and questionnaire measures from 28 weeks pregnancy, birth, 12 months post-birth and 4 years post-birth time points. DNA methylation of candidate regions was measured using the Sequenom EpiTyper mass-spectrometry platform in cord (birth) and peripheral (12-month) blood. Infant genetic variation in and near the candidate genes was considered. Infant adiposity was assessed as sum of triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses in infancy, and with DEXA scanning at 4 years of age.
We found evidence that exposure to maternal psychosocial stress, gestational diabetes, and pre-eclampsia was associated with differences in offspring methylation at the candidate regions, as was infant sex. Genetic variation showed strong effects on DNA methylation levels, with some evidence for the associations of pre-eclampsia and infant adiposity with LEP methylation differing by infant genotype. Early life methylation of HIF3A and LEP showed modest associations with four-year blood pressure and BMI, respectively. While these associations persisted with adjustment for potential confounding factors, they explained relatively little variance in the four-year phenotypes compared to traditional predictors, such as weight.
These findings suggest that offspring DNA methylation of these candidate genes involved in regulation of growth and metabolism are sensitive to several environmental exposures and genetic…
Subjects/Keywords: epigenetics; genetics; DNA methylation; complex disease; non-communicable disease; fetal programming; DOHaD; cord blood; pregnancy exposures; SNPs; LEP; leptin; IGF2; H19; HIF3A; gestational diabetes; stress; preeclampsia
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APA ·
Chicago ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Mansell, T. E. (2019). Combined genetic and epigenetic analysis to identify early life determinants of complex phenotype. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/235771
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mansell, Toby Edward. “Combined genetic and epigenetic analysis to identify early life determinants of complex phenotype.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11343/235771.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mansell, Toby Edward. “Combined genetic and epigenetic analysis to identify early life determinants of complex phenotype.” 2019. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Mansell TE. Combined genetic and epigenetic analysis to identify early life determinants of complex phenotype. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/235771.
Council of Science Editors:
Mansell TE. Combined genetic and epigenetic analysis to identify early life determinants of complex phenotype. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/235771
28.
Roelants, Jorine.
Food for thought : growth of the human body and brain in early life.
Degree: 2017, Erasmus University Rotterdam
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/103503
► markdownabstractIn this thesis we aim to link the prenatal and postnatal life, with focus on the association between nutrition and growth in early life and…
(more)
▼ markdownabstractIn this thesis we aim to link the prenatal and postnatal life, with focus on the association between nutrition and growth in early life and the development of the body and the brain of fetuses and preterm infants.
The main objectives are:
1. To investigate the use of three-dimensional ultrasound measures in pregnancy as early markers of birth outcome and neonatal body composition.
2. To develop ultrasound measures that can be used to monitor brain growth in the prenatal and postnatal period.
3. To describe current nutritional practices in preterm infants and to study the influence of enhanced early nutrition on neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants.
4. To assess the association between in-hospital growth and body composition in infancy in preterm born infants.
Subjects/Keywords: Prenatal; preterm infant; growth; nutrition; embryo; fetus; DOHaD
…DOhaD] paradigm, stating that not only
poor conditions but also subtle variations in the… …The DOhaD paradigm has mainly focused on pregnancy as the most important period
of fetal… …15%] of the fetal weight consisting of fat mass at the end of pregnancy.5
dohad… …anomalies.6–9 Besides these
short–term effects, it can also influence postnatal health [DOhaD… …mechanisms,
which is in line with the DOhaD paradigm.14 Several pathways are suggested to be
11…
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Roelants, J. (2017). Food for thought : growth of the human body and brain in early life. (Doctoral Dissertation). Erasmus University Rotterdam. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1765/103503
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Roelants, Jorine. “Food for thought : growth of the human body and brain in early life.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Erasmus University Rotterdam. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1765/103503.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Roelants, Jorine. “Food for thought : growth of the human body and brain in early life.” 2017. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Roelants J. Food for thought : growth of the human body and brain in early life. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/103503.
Council of Science Editors:
Roelants J. Food for thought : growth of the human body and brain in early life. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/103503
29.
Todd, Nicolas.
Effets sanitaires à long terme des stress de la Première Guerre mondiale : Long-term health effects of World War I stresses.
Degree: Docteur es, Epidémiologie, 2017, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066452
► Cette thèse explore la Première Guerre mondiale comme modèle historique de stress psychologique subi dans l'enfance. L'Hypothèse d'Origine Développementale des Maladies (DOHaD) prévoit une susceptibilité…
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▼ Cette thèse explore la Première Guerre mondiale comme modèle historique de stress psychologique subi dans l'enfance. L'Hypothèse d'Origine Développementale des Maladies (DOHaD) prévoit une susceptibilité accrue aux maladies chroniques à l'âge adulte des individus exposés à des événements traumatiques aux premiers stades du développement. Nous avons constitué une cohorte d'orphelins nés en 1914-1916, et ce grâce au statut de "pupilles de la Nation", créé par une loi de 1917 et accordé sur requête à tous les orphelins, quel que soit le statut socioéconomique de la famille. L'attribution du statut de pupille était inscrite en marge de l'acte de naissance. Les registres de naissance ont donc permis un recensement exhaustif de tous les pupilles nés dans les villes incluses ainsi qu'un suivi de la mortalité à l'âge adulte. Les actes de naissance de 7,250 pupilles ont été transcrits à ce jour. L'appel à la Base des Morts pour la France a fourni la date de décès du père, et donc sa position dans le calendrier de développement de l'enfant. Des matched non-orphans (MNOs) ont été sélectionnés dans les mêmes registres. Le critère d'intérêt était la longévité de ceux ayant atteint l'âge de 31 ans. Un écart orphelin - MNO de ~ 2.5 années a été trouvé en cas de perte prénatale du père, mais aucune différence n'a été mise en évidence dans le cas d'une perte postnatale. La conjonction de ces deux résultats suggère qu'un traumatisme in utero a un effet de programmation de la susceptibilité biologique à l'âge adulte assez fort pour altérer la longévité.
This thesis explores the First World War as a historical model in early life psychological stress. The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis predicts increased susceptibility to chronic diseases in adulthood for those exposed to an extreme psychological trauma in very early life. We collected vital information on French orphans born 1914-1916 thanks to the “pupille de la Nation” distinction, a legal status created in 1917 and granted upon request to all orphans. Notification of “adoption by the Nation” was by law inscribed on the birth certificate of a newly adopted child. Birth registers thus provided a census of all pupilles born in the included cities during the inclusion period as well as long-term mortality follow-up. The birth certificates of 7,250 pupilles have been digitized. Call to the Died for France Database enabled us to retrieve the paternal date of death. Matched non-orphans (MNOs) were drawn from the same birth registers. For each orphan, his MNO was therefore chosen born in the same district at the same time. The outcome of interest was longevity of those who survived to 31 y. An orphan-MNO difference in adult longevity of ~2.5 years was found for orphans who had lost their father before) birth (prenatal orphans), but no difference in adult longevity could be measured between postnatal orphans and their MNOs. These two results suggest early trauma in utero has programming effects on biological susceptibility in adulthood strong enough to…
Advisors/Committee Members: Bougnères, Pierre-François (thesis director), Valleron, Alain-Jacques (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Hypothèse d'Origine Développementale des Maladies; Stress maternel; Première Guerre Mondiale; Cohorte historique; Pupilles de la Nation; Orphelins; Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD); Orphans; First World War; 614.4
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APA (6th Edition):
Todd, N. (2017). Effets sanitaires à long terme des stress de la Première Guerre mondiale : Long-term health effects of World War I stresses. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066452
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Todd, Nicolas. “Effets sanitaires à long terme des stress de la Première Guerre mondiale : Long-term health effects of World War I stresses.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI. Accessed January 20, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066452.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Todd, Nicolas. “Effets sanitaires à long terme des stress de la Première Guerre mondiale : Long-term health effects of World War I stresses.” 2017. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Todd N. Effets sanitaires à long terme des stress de la Première Guerre mondiale : Long-term health effects of World War I stresses. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066452.
Council of Science Editors:
Todd N. Effets sanitaires à long terme des stress de la Première Guerre mondiale : Long-term health effects of World War I stresses. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI; 2017. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066452
30.
Hollanders, J.J.
Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Degree: 2020, NARCIS
URL: https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c
;
urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c
;
ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c
;
urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c
;
https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c
Subjects/Keywords: endocrine; pediatric; neonatology; breastmilk; breast milk; cortisol; cortisone; thyroid; neurodevelopment; growth; glucocorticoids; dohad
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Record Details
Similar Records
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APA ·
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CSE |
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Hollanders, J. J. (2020). Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes. (Doctoral Dissertation). NARCIS. Retrieved from https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hollanders, J J. “Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, NARCIS. Accessed January 20, 2021.
https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hollanders, J J. “Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes.” 2020. Web. 20 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Hollanders JJ. Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. NARCIS; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 20].
Available from: https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c.
Council of Science Editors:
Hollanders JJ. Early-life endocrine regulation and neurodevelopmental outcomes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. NARCIS; 2020. Available from: https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; urn:nbn:nl:ui:31-ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c ; https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/ca30fc80-d15e-4eb6-b4d4-891e878aa94c
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