Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS ([email protected]) on 2015-05-07T13:39:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 468073 - Texto Completo.pdf: 2289187 bytes, checksum: e95cc5f55a1d9f82d97c26b1b5b34118 (MD5)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T13:39:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 468073 - Texto Completo.pdf: 2289187 bytes, checksum: e95cc5f55a1d9f82d97c26b1b5b34118 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-09

Carcinogenesis is a complex multifactorial process dependent on inherent to individual or environmental factors. Environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been pointed as a risk factor for different types of cancer, especially in upper aerodigestive tract. Chimarr?o is a hot mat? beverage containing PAHs that are incorporated to the herb during drying process of the leaves. Individuals that drink chimarr?o are exposed do PAHs, which can be assessed by 1-hydroxypyrene-glucuronide levels (1-OHPG). The aim of the present study was to evaluate cytomorphometric alterations of oral mucosa epithelium in chimarr?o drinkers correlating them to salivary and urinary levels of 1-OHPG. Adult males and females without history of regular alcohol use were allocated into 4 groups: (1)=39 chimarr?o drinkers who did not smoke; (2)=25 chimarr?o drinkers who smoked; (3)=27 smokers who did not drink chimarr?o; and (4)=27 individuals who had neither of these habits. Mucosal scrapings were performed and subjected to qualitative (Papanicolaou) and quantitative (nuclear area, cytoplasmic area, nucleus/cytoplasm ratio) analysis. Urine and saliva samples were assayed for 1-OHPG by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All samples were classified into Papanicolaou class I. Nuclear and cytoplasmic areas of epithelial cells in soft palate smears did not significantly differ between the groups, whereas in buccal (cheek) mucosa they were significantly greater in the chimarr?o group than in controls. The nucleus/cytoplasm ratio as well as salivary and urinary concentrations of 1-OHPG did not significantly differ. Urinary and salivary 1-OHPG concentrations were positively correlated to each other but they did not show any correlation with the cytometric variables. Nuclear and cytoplasmic areas were positively correlated to each other in either palate or buccal mucosa smears. Conclusion : Chimarr?o was associated with neither cytomorphometric alterations in epithelial cells of palate smears nor urinary and salivary 1-OHPG levels. Buccal smears showed higher nuclear and cytoplasmic area in the chimarr?o group, but this result does not support an association with dysplasia.

A carcinog?nese ? um processo complexo e multifatorial dependente de fatores que s?o inerentes ao indiv?duo ou ambientais. A presen?a de hidrocarbonetos arom?ticos polic?clicos (HAPs) no meio ambiente tem sido apontada como um dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de diferentes tipos de c?ncer, principalmente do trato aerodigestivo superior. O chimarr?o ? uma bebida quente ? base de erva-mate que concentra HAPs incorporados ? erva…

Submitted by Sandra Pereira ([email protected]) on 2020-06-23T18:49:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Viviane de Souza Magalhaes.pdf: 714699 bytes, checksum: 8f75dd67146e550e9f353c43fe40fc0f (MD5)

Made available in DSpace on 2020-06-23T18:49:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Viviane de Souza Magalhaes.pdf: 714699 bytes, checksum: 8f75dd67146e550e9f353c43fe40fc0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-24

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico, CNPq, Brasil

getting closer and concern for the control of diseases increasing. This control is often performed with the use of chemicals known as insecticides. Among them, ivermectin is extremely widespread use because of its proven safety. Its use in dogs is suitable for the treatment of mite dermodicosi and heartworm prevention, but is extremely informally used for the control of fleas and ticks. Among the most common ectoparasites in dogs are the Rhipcephalus sanguineus tick and Ctenocephalides felis felis flea. In order to evaluate the efficacy of ivermectin against these parasites, along with treatment follow the profile of plasma tested formulation of ivermectin, a method was developed for quantification of ivermectin in canine plasma using liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. This method was validated based on the recommendations of the National Agency of Sanitary Surveillance for validation of analytical methods and bioanalytical, Resolution RE n ? 899/2003. The samples collected during the test effectiveness using this method were analyzed and showed good bioavailability with Cmax 350 ng.mL-1 in four (4) hour and at AUC of 8411. Although the formulation have shown good absorption efficacy values found for Rhipcephalus sanguineus and Ctenocephalides felis felis were very low showing this is not the most appropriate treatment for the control of these parasites.

Com o aumento crescente de animais de companhia nos lares familiares o relacionamento humano-animal est? cada vez mais estreito e a preocupa??o com o controle de doen?as cada vez maior. Este controle muitas vezes ? realizado com a utiliza??o de produtos qu?micos, chamados de inseticidas. Entre os estes, a ivermectina tem seu uso extremamente difundido devido sua seguran?a comprovada. Seu uso em c?es ? aconselhado para o tratamento da sarna demod?cica e na preven??o da dirofilariose, por?m informalmente ? extremamente utilizado para o controle de pulgas e carrapatos. Entre os ectoparasitas mais comum nos c?es est?o o carrapato Rhipcephalus sanguineus e a pulga Ctenocephalides felis felis. Com o objetivo de avaliar a efic?cia da ivermectina contra esses parasitas e juntamente ao tratamento acompanhar o perfil plasm?tico da formula??o de ivermectina testada, foi desenvolvido um m?todo de quantifica??o de ivermectina em plasma canino, utilizando cromatografia l?quida com detec??o por fluoresc?ncia. Este m?todo foi validado tendo como base as recomenda??es da Ag?ncia Nacional de Vigil?ncia Sanit?ria para valida??o de m?todos anal?ticos e…

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes ([email protected]) on 2020-01-15T15:05:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - La?s Martins Fontoura.pdf: 1815851 bytes, checksum: 4ce1d0072a85792200ca0bf57f3814c0 (MD5)

Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-15T15:05:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - La?s Martins Fontoura.pdf: 1815851 bytes, checksum: 4ce1d0072a85792200ca0bf57f3814c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-23

Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

Softness is a texture attribute being regarded as one of the main factors related to meat quality. Several factors determine meat softness such as physic-chemicals, enzymatic, animal species, muscle type and animal age. In addition, it is possible to turn the meat softer by applying different methods as the use of specific enzymes, electro shocks, ultrasound and high hydrostatic press as shockwaves. Texture changes along the processes are due to structural changes. Application of high hydrostatic pressure for meat softening depends on intrinsic factors (associated to composition and rigor mortis stage) and processing variables: pressure, time and temperature. Distinct effects result from protein structure modifications by enhancing or decreasing different meat cut softening, due to possible myofibril protein fragmentation or by weakening conjunctive tissue. Changes in collagen from the proceedings may be determined by quantification of hydroxyproline, an amino acid in high concentration and almost exclusively in collagen, uncommon in other proteins. This research aimed at studying collagen modification resulting from the application of high pressure on bovine meat. The muscle was pressurised at 200, 400 and 600 MPa for 10 and 20 min. Endomysium and perimysium collagens were extracted and freeze-dried. The following analyses were carried out: protein profile, collagen solubility, thermal analyses by differential scanning calorimetry and electronic scanning microscopy. Modifications on perimysium detected by electrophoretic analysis were more evident around 103 kDa band, representing the ? proteins of collagen chain, and on the bands around 180 kDa to 200 kDa, associated to the heavy myosin and ? proteins of collagen chain. . New peptides bands were observed on the treatments samples in comparison to the control. Such a profile may result from the changes that happen on perimysium due to high hydrostatic pressure, as well as modifications on myofibril and sarcoplasmic proteins. It is possible to conclude that high-pressure application was able to affect collagen characteristics turning it more soluble, with a possible effect on meat softness. It was not possible to detect any perimysium change from the scanning electronic microscopy. In overall it was possible to conclude that hydrostatic high pressure was capable of changing both perimysium and endomysium portion of collagen

A maciez, atributo de textura, ? um dos aspectos mais importantes para a qualidade da carne. Existem muitos fatores que determinam a maciez da carne, como os…

Submitted by Jorge Silva ([email protected]) on 2020-01-15T13:53:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Luana Limoeiro Ferr?o.pdf: 2655683 bytes, checksum: 7c3277bed97c069d99d0fc6a602d56d4 (MD5)

Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-15T13:53:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Luana Limoeiro Ferr?o.pdf: 2655683 bytes, checksum: 7c3277bed97c069d99d0fc6a602d56d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-28

With the increased consumption of industrialized food, the ingestion of food additives used in the technological processing of this kind of food reveals itself as a threat to the human health, mainly of the child population. The dyes are the additives applied only with the meaning of giving or restoring the color of the foodstuffs, without offering any nutritional value to it. Studies have been demonstrating the occurrences of adverse reactions at short or long term associated with the ingestion of food that have in their composition the artificial dyes. Those reactions range since allergies and behavior alterations to carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. The goal of this study was determinate the concentration of industrialized dyes in matinal cereal, contributing to evaluate the exposure of children between 2 to 8 years old, and also formulate the methodology of determination of artificial dyes on matinal cereal. It was elaborated a questionnaire about the frequency and quantity consumed of matinal cereal by the infants, being the same answered by their responsibles. The ingestion was classified in score and evaluated by the Kruskal-Wallis test, applying as a tool the Microsoft Office Excel 2007 software. After this analysis, it was verified that the children were split in two big groups, being the first with ages between 2 and 5 years old, with consumption of score 1, and the second group with ages between 6 and 8 years old, with consumption of score 2. Concerning the flavor of the consumed cereal, 65% ingest the traditional cereal, 25% the chocolate flavor and 10% the fruits flavor, with only the last two flavors bringing in their composition artificial dyes. The validation was made to the dyes allowed by the legislation of use in matinal cereal, and they are: sunset yellow, allura red AC and brilliant blue. All the process of validation in this research was made under the recommended by Thompson et al. (2002), using the advices present in the INMETRO DOO-CGCRE-08 (2011) document and in IUPAC harmonized guidelines, measuring the following method performance: Limit of detection (LD), limit of quantification (LQ), linearity, selectivity, repeatability, intermediate precision and recovery. The linear range found to Sunset Yellow was 15 to 45 mg/L, to Allura Red AC and Brilliant Blue was 5 to 35 mg/L. The LD and LQ were, respectively 3 mg/L and 6 mg/L for Sunset Yellow and 2 mg/L and 4 mg/L for allura red AC and brilliant blue. The recovery percentage was 82 to 97% for sunset yellow, 82 to 87% for allura red AC and 81 to 86% for brilliant blue. The calculated values for repeatability as standard deviation were 0.455 mg/L…

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes ([email protected]) on 2019-10-16T11:58:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Sidney Pacheco.pdf: 11399190 bytes, checksum: 90a51dedc7a04c099c5c28d3531a548c (MD5)

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-16T11:58:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Sidney Pacheco.pdf: 11399190 bytes, checksum: 90a51dedc7a04c099c5c28d3531a548c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-30

Liquid chromatography was invented more than 100 years, and despite having gone through a period of dormancy, eventually became the main analytical tool nowadays. The evolution of the instrumental and the preparation of stationary phases technology multiplies further applications of the technique. More sensitive and rapid analytical methods are the main demand to analysts. In the food science could not be different, liquid chromatography is the analytical basis for hundreds of methods, such as analysis of amino acids, carotenoids, flavonoids, and contaminants. A major difficulty for analysts to make use of this tool is to obtain quality standards, many substances in some cases are even commercially available or are not stable enough for storage. The objective of this work was to develop and optimize chromatographic methods for analysis of substances of interest to the food science. Also, develop chromatographic method for purifying these substances for subsequent use as analytical standards. Several pure substances were obtained from natural matrices, such as carotenoids, flavonoids and vitamins. All with purity above 90% and sufficient for their characterization and use as analytical standards. The use of liquid chromatography in analytical scale proved effective in obtaining sufficient quantities of these substances. Were implanted and improved chromatographic methods for the determination of amino acids, with applications for quantifying the protein quality of food, measurement of collagen in meat and quantification of contaminants such as histamine. A method for analysis of isoflavones in soybean and its derivatives had also been implemented and optimized, application of the method was demonstrated for the detection of fraud in meat by the addition of vegetable protein. Various carotenoids were isolated, even minority carotenoids, which contributes to the correct evaluation of pro-vitamin A food capacity. Five new sources of carotenoids of great interest to human health have been discovered and quantified. Several methodologies, which represent a large volume of analytical routine, were improved with the main objective to reduce the analysis time, the use of reagents and hence the environmental impact through less waste. The chromatographic method of determination of bixin and norbixina was reduced by 55%, the method of isoflavones was reduced by 73% and 67% of methylxanthines in over methods previously used by Liquid Chromatography Laboratory of Embrapa Food Technology, which brought great gain of time, sensitivity and less waste. Key words: Liquid chromatography; chromatographic…

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes ([email protected]) on 2020-11-30T11:18:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2004 - Adriana Aparecida Bosso.pdf: 1827894 bytes, checksum: 141991fed6cacd5a55ca68f6d8b99727 (MD5)

Made available in DSpace on 2020-11-30T11:18:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2004 - Adriana Aparecida Bosso.pdf: 1827894 bytes, checksum: 141991fed6cacd5a55ca68f6d8b99727 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-11-26

Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq

Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - FAPERJ

This work describes the analyses and the isolation of the biflavonoids from Luxemburgia nobilis leaves and Ouratea semiserrata (Ochnaceae) by analytical and semipreparative high-pressure liquid chromatography, in reversed phase with diode array detection. The analyses by HPLC-PDA of the ethyl acetate extract from leaves of Luxemburgia nobilis indicated the presence of three biflavonoids (flavone-flavanone), being the 2?,3?-diidroochnaflavone the only one identified. After this analysis the ochaflavone present in the extract was isolated by semi-preparative RP-HPLC technique. In the methanolic extract from Ouratea semiserrata leaves the amenthoflavone, podocarpusflavone A e B, 7,4?-O-dimethylamenthoflavone and 4???-Omethylrobustaflavone were isolated. The structures of the natural products and their methyl derivatives were established using IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral data. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that the biflavonoids podocarpusflavone B, 7,4?-O-dimethylamenthoflavone, 4???-O-methylrobustaflavone were identified from the leaves of Ouratea semiserrata. The HPLC-PDA method presented in this work confirms the previous achievements that 2?,3?-diidroochnaflavone can be used as a chemical marker to Luxemburgia nobilis and amenthoflavone to Ouratea semiserrata (Ochnaceae).

Este trabalho descreve a an?lise e o isolamento de bisflavon?ides das folhas de Luxemburgia nobilis e Ouratea semiserrata (Ochnaceae) por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia anal?tica e semipreparativa em fase reversa com detector de fotodiodo. A an?lise por CLAE-DAD dos extratos de acetato de etila das folhas inteiras de Luxemburgia nobilis indicou a presen?a de tr?s bisflavon?ides (flavona-flavanona), sendo que apenas a 2?,3?-diidroochnaflavona foi identificada. Ap?s essa an?lise a ochnaflavona presente foi isolada por CLAE semipreparativa em fase reversa. Do extrato metan?lico das folhas trituradas de Ouratea semiserrata foram isolados, por CLAE semipreparativa, a amentoflavona, podocarpusflavona A e B, 7,4?-O-dimetilamentoflavona e 4???-Ometilrobustaflavona. As estruturas das subst?ncias naturais isoladas e dos derivados metilados foram determinadas atrav?s das an?lises dos espectros de IV, RMN 1H e 13C, incluindo compara??es com dados da literatura. Os bisflavon?ides podocarpusflavona B, 7,4?-O-dimetilamentoflavona, 4???-Ometilrobustaflavona foram identificados pela…

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes ([email protected]) on 2020-11-27T15:18:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2004 - Ricardo Figueira da Silva.pdf: 1303321 bytes, checksum: d100bca2a6a863db6ee7f400781adfdb (MD5)

Made available in DSpace on 2020-11-27T15:18:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2004 - Ricardo Figueira da Silva.pdf: 1303321 bytes, checksum: d100bca2a6a863db6ee7f400781adfdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-03-30

This work describes the investigation of phenolic acids in 13 samples of eucalyptus honey and 5 samples of wild honeys from different geographical regions. The samples were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. The analysis of UV spectra obtained with the eucalyptus honeys showed the presence of gallic, vanillic, p-coumaric, ferulic and cinnamic acids while the wild honeys contain mainly gallic, vanillic, chlorogenic, o-coumaric, cinnamic and 2-methoxy cinnamic acids. The HPLC technique has been shown to be effective and reproducible. Given this high reproducibility and versatility, this technique may become useful in the identification of the floral origin in the control of commercial honeys, thus analytical helping the palinological analysis. The chromatographical profiles of the phenolic acids from honeys of the same species coming from different regions did not show any major qualitative or quantitative differences suggesting that these phenolic compounds may serve as chemical markers for the botanical or geographical chacterization of honeys. The number of wild honeys analyzed was small and a more through investigation must be carried out in order to uequivocally confirm their composition. A larger number of samples belongings to the same floral origin but coming from different regions showed be analyzed to corroborate their use chemical markers.

Este trabalho descreve a investiga??o da presen?a de ?cidos fen?licos em treze amostras de m?is de eucalipto e seis amostras de m?is silvestres obtidos de diferentes regi?es geogr?ficas. As amostras de m?is foram analisadas por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia com detector de UV-vis?vel e fotodiodo. A an?lise do perfil cromatogr?fico associado ao estudo dos espectros de ultravioleta obtidos pelo detector de fotodiodo dos m?is de eucalipto permitiu identificar os ?cidos g?lico, van?lico, para-cum?rico, ferulico e cin?mico, enquanto para os m?is silvestres foram identificados os ?cidos g?lico, van?lico, clorog?nico, orto-cum?rico, cin?mico e 2-metoxicin?mico. A t?cnica de cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia mostrou-se eficiente, reprodutiva e de f?cil manipula??o para an?lise dos ?cidos fen?licos nas dezenove amostras de m?is estudados. Dada a sua reprodutibilidade e versatilidade poder? vir a ser usada na identifica??o da origem floral e no controle anal?tico dos m?is comercializados, auxiliando assim a an?lise palinol?gica. Os perfis cromatogr?ficos dos ?cidos fen?licos para os m?is de uma mesma esp?cie floral, oriundo de diferentes regi?es geogr?ficas, n?o sofreram…

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:54:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Alessandra da Silva Teixeira.pdf: 791455 bytes, checksum: 6aab044b5d64fa7faf16d71b0665a421 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-29

Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior

The aflatoxins are secondary metab?litos produced by fungi of the Aspergillus sort, over all for Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus and in lesser amount for Aspergillus nomius. They are known, currently, 17 similar composites assigned by the term aflatoxins, however, the main types of interest doctor-bathroom are identified as AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2. Had to the potential risk to the health human being, the aflatoxin levels are monitored in many countries. More than 50 countries already had established maximum levels of contamination in foods and animal rations. However, for the efficient control and monitoramento of suscept?veis foods to the contamination they are necessary analytical techniques with sensitivity, specificity, rapidity, easiness of use, exactness and precision. In the present work an analytical assay consisting by an extration based on the method praised for RODRIGUEZ AMAYA & VALENTE SOARES (1989) was developed, followed of quantification for CLAE, for the determination of aflatoxins AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2, in samples of chestnut-do-Brazil artificially contaminated. The samples had been with 5,3 mg/ kg of AFG1, 6,9mg/ kg of AFB1, 4,8mg/ kg of AFG2 e 5,0mg/ kg of AFB2.The following found parameters of validation for the developed method had been determined: Selectivity, Recovery, Linearity of the Curve of Calibration, Limit of detention, Limit of Quantification, Effect of Matrix, Robustness and Precision, through the Shunting line Relative Standard (RSDr). The comparison of methods of extration and quantification of aflatoxins AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and and High performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Analysis of variance of Tukey was made 5% significance between the 4 tested methods and calculated the recovery of the same ones. The values of recovery had been of 101,89; 100,25; 86,63 and 93.42%, respectively for AFG1, AFB1, AFG2 and AFB2. The methodology consisting of extration for the method modified based in the method praised for RODRIGUEZ AMAYA & VALENTE SOARES (1989), followed of quantification for CLAE, was that one that it showed better resulted of recovery, showing statistical better that the too much tested methodologies. The calibration curve presented correlation coefficients varying between 0,9936 and 0,9997, confirming its linearity, the Limit of Detention defined was of 0,263; 0,345; 0,241 and 0,254mg/?kg-1, respectively.

As aflatoxinas s?o metab?litos secund?rios produzidos por fungos do g?nero Aspergillus, sobretudo Aspergillus flavus e Aspergillus parasiticus. S?o conhecidos, atualmente, 17 compostos similares designados pelo termo aflatoxinas, por?m, os principais tipos de interesse m?dico-sanit?rio s?o…