You searched for subject:(Cerebellum).
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1.
Dolson, Eugenia.
The Effects of Chronic Ethanol on GABA Receptors in the Nonhuman Primate Brain.
Degree: 2011, Wake Forest University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10339/36432 
► The GABAergic system is a well-known molecular target of ethanol. Acute ethanol increases the function of the GABAA receptor, while chronic ethanol decreases function. Rodent…
(more)
▼ The GABAergic system is a well-known molecular target of ethanol. Acute ethanol increases the function of the GABAA receptor, while chronic ethanol decreases function. Rodent studies have reported changes in gene and protein levels, receptor function, and receptor binding density in GABAA receptors and subunits after chronic ethanol, and changes in GABAB gene and protein levels. However, human studies are somewhat scarce, and existing data is often conflicting. In a translational approach, we utilized a nonhuman primate model of chronic ethanol self-administration to investigate total GABAA, alpha1 and alpha 4/6 subunit-containing receptor binding density in a variety of cerebral cortical regions and the cerebellum. Ethanol induces region and layer dependent receptor binding density alterations. In general, drinkers show less dense binding in both cerebral cortical regions and in the cerebellum. There was an upregulation of both the GABAA alpha 1 and GABAB2 subunit gene expression after chronic ethanol. These results indicate that both synaptic and extrasynaptic GABAA receptors are altered by ethanol, but that its effects are dependent on circuitry. Posttranslational modification may occur to account for differences seen between gene expression and receptor binding density results seen here.
Subjects/Keywords: Cerebellum
…receptor binding density in a variety of cerebral
cortical regions and the cerebellum.
Ethanol… …show less dense binding in both
cerebral cortical regions and in the cerebellum. There was an… …studies in the cerebellum have demonstrated decreased α1
gene expression and protein levels and… …β2 and γ2 subunit gene expression in
the cerebellum after chronic ethanol (Mhatre… …rat cerebellum after chronic ethanol
(Ravindran et al. 2007). These data indicate…
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APA (6th Edition):
Dolson, E. (2011). The Effects of Chronic Ethanol on GABA Receptors in the Nonhuman Primate Brain. (Thesis). Wake Forest University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10339/36432
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dolson, Eugenia. “The Effects of Chronic Ethanol on GABA Receptors in the Nonhuman Primate Brain.” 2011. Thesis, Wake Forest University. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10339/36432.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dolson, Eugenia. “The Effects of Chronic Ethanol on GABA Receptors in the Nonhuman Primate Brain.” 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Dolson E. The Effects of Chronic Ethanol on GABA Receptors in the Nonhuman Primate Brain. [Internet] [Thesis]. Wake Forest University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10339/36432.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Dolson E. The Effects of Chronic Ethanol on GABA Receptors in the Nonhuman Primate Brain. [Thesis]. Wake Forest University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10339/36432
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Erasmus University Rotterdam
2.
Zhou, Kuikui.
Fundamental Principles underlying Motor Reflexes.
Degree: Department of Neuroscience, 2017, Erasmus University Rotterdam
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/98458
► markdownabstractThe cerebellum has been suggested to be involved in motor control ever since the early 19th century. The motor control ranges from timing and strength…
(more)
▼ markdownabstractThe cerebellum has been suggested to be involved in motor control ever since the early 19th century. The motor control ranges from timing and strength of simple reflexes to multiple joint/limb coordination and complex motor sequence acquisition. The current thesis discusses the contribution of cerebellar cortex to motor control focusing on adaptive eye movements and locomotion. To dissect the cerebellar cortical circuit, we made use of several cell specific mutant mice. We employed the ErasmusLadder and VOR adaptation paradigm to assess the motor control in mutants and performed recordings from PCs during behavior to gain insights in how cerebellar cortical output shapes motor performance.
The chapters are organized as follows: Chapter 1 gives a general introduction on cerebellar cortical circuitry, firing properties of the Purkinje cell and a brief overview of the cerebellar pathways involved in compensatory eye movements and controlling of limb movements.
In chapter 2, we evaluate the role of AMPAR subunit GluA3 in PF-PC and CF-PC synapses and discuss the relation between Purkinje cell output and the vestibulo-ocular reflex. In chapter 2.1, we aim to unravel the role of GluA1 or GluA3 containing AMPARs in cerebellar motor learning. We found that VOR adaptation is impaired in GluA3 but not GluA1 deficient mice. Thus we went on investigate the role of GluA3 in PF-PC synaptic plasticity, and proposed a mechanism for PF-PC LTP, which relies on changes in GluA3 channel conductance but not in AMPAR trafficking. In chapter 2.2, we study the role of GluA3 in CS coding. We found that CS pause is reduced and CS waveform is altered in GluA3 deficient mice. Our results suggested potential compensatory mechanism causing this increased excitability following CS.
In chapter 3, we shift our focus from simple reflex to more complex, multi-joint motor behaviors. In chapter 3.1, we seek to differentiate the distinct role of neurons in cerebellar cortex in limb movements and interlimb coordination by reviewing the performance of several cerebellar mutants in ErasmusLadder task. And in chapter 3.2, we describe how disruption of Foxp2 in the cerebellum, striatum and cortex contribute differentially to motor skill learning. We focus on investigating the firing activity of Purkinje cells in foxp2 mutants during locomotion and subsequent motor dysfunction.
Studies in chapter 4 involve two mouse models of autistic spectrum disorders. Cerebellum related motor symptoms of ASD patients have been reported as impairments in eye-blink conditioning and eye movement, as well as balance and postural difficulties. In the NL-3 and Shank2 mouse models, both cerebellum dependent simple motor reflexes and locomotion have been investigated.
Subjects/Keywords: cerebellum
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APA (6th Edition):
Zhou, K. (2017). Fundamental Principles underlying Motor Reflexes. (Doctoral Dissertation). Erasmus University Rotterdam. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1765/98458
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhou, Kuikui. “Fundamental Principles underlying Motor Reflexes.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Erasmus University Rotterdam. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1765/98458.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhou, Kuikui. “Fundamental Principles underlying Motor Reflexes.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Zhou K. Fundamental Principles underlying Motor Reflexes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/98458.
Council of Science Editors:
Zhou K. Fundamental Principles underlying Motor Reflexes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/98458
University of Waterloo
3.
Arasanz, Carla Paz.
The contribution of the fronto-cerebellar system in cognitive processing.
Degree: 2013, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7239
► Over two decades of patient and neuroimaging data have provided increasing support for a role of the posterior cerebellum in cognition, particularly attention. Contralateral connections…
(more)
▼ Over two decades of patient and neuroimaging data have provided increasing support for a role of the posterior cerebellum in cognition, particularly attention. Contralateral connections between the prefrontal cortex and the cerebellum are a probable basis for this effect. It is the purpose of this thesis to understand the contribution of the fronto-cerebellar system to cognitive and attentional processes. The first aim of this thesis was to localize areas of the cerebellum that participate in non-motor behaviour. After transient disruption of cerebellar activity using continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS), a form of transcranial magnetic stimulation, Study 1 and 2 identified the right posterior-lateral cerebellum as a contributor to a network involved in two non-motor tasks; word generation and the attentional blink. The aim of Study 3 was to investigate if manipulating task demands increased fronto-cerebellar recruitment. The final study of this thesis employed electroencephalography (EEG) and cTBS to probe the neural events disrupted during the attentional blink task when the left frontal- right cerebellar system was transiently disrupted. Understanding the manner in which these neural events are affected by transient perturbation is integral to the understanding of the fronto-cerebellar contribution to cognitive and attentional processes. Together these studies help elucidate the role of the fronto-cerebellar system in non-motor functions.
Subjects/Keywords: cerebellum; cognition
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APA (6th Edition):
Arasanz, C. P. (2013). The contribution of the fronto-cerebellar system in cognitive processing. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7239
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Arasanz, Carla Paz. “The contribution of the fronto-cerebellar system in cognitive processing.” 2013. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7239.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Arasanz, Carla Paz. “The contribution of the fronto-cerebellar system in cognitive processing.” 2013. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Arasanz CP. The contribution of the fronto-cerebellar system in cognitive processing. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7239.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Arasanz CP. The contribution of the fronto-cerebellar system in cognitive processing. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7239
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Texas – Austin
4.
-2572-9618.
Comparison of neural activation in the cerebellum in autistic adolescents with health control adolescents.
Degree: MSin Statistics, Statistics, 2016, University of Texas – Austin
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/45627
► Neuropathologic, neurochemical, and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) anatomic studies have shown that the cerebellum is the most consistent site of brain abnormality in autism. However,…
(more)
▼ Neuropathologic, neurochemical, and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) anatomic studies have shown that the
cerebellum is the most consistent site of brain abnormality in autism. However, there are very few functional MRI studies done to understand the functioning of this brain region in autism. In this study, we wanted to determine how the
cerebellum responds during response inhibition. We compared neural activity in the cerebellar regions in autistic adolescents and control adolescents. Bonnet et al. (2009) describe two paradigms (Go task and Go/No-Go task) to determine response inhibition. We used similar paradigms in our study. 10 autistic and 10 control subjects were used for our study. Data were analyzed using Neuroimaging tool FSL (Smith et al. 2004). General Linear Model was used to test the hypothesis to determine if both groups have any difference in inhibition. Results show that the autistic group has more activation during response inhibition than the control group. This could be because of the loss of Purkinje cells (Bailey et al. 1998, Kemper et al. 1998). The brain may be rewiring itself and it may use a greater expanse of cerebellar tissue to achieve the same end goal.
Advisors/Committee Members: Cormack, Lawrence K. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Autism; Cerebellum
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APA (6th Edition):
-2572-9618. (2016). Comparison of neural activation in the cerebellum in autistic adolescents with health control adolescents. (Masters Thesis). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/45627
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
-2572-9618. “Comparison of neural activation in the cerebellum in autistic adolescents with health control adolescents.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2152/45627.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
-2572-9618. “Comparison of neural activation in the cerebellum in autistic adolescents with health control adolescents.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Vancouver:
-2572-9618. Comparison of neural activation in the cerebellum in autistic adolescents with health control adolescents. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/45627.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Council of Science Editors:
-2572-9618. Comparison of neural activation in the cerebellum in autistic adolescents with health control adolescents. [Masters Thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/45627
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
University of Texas – Austin
5.
Mann, Beatriz Elena.
The impact of childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume.
Degree: MA, Educational Psychology, 2014, University of Texas – Austin
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28528
► The purpose of the current study is to investigate the relationship between expusre to childhood maltreatment and the development of the cerebellar vermis and cerebrocerebellum.…
(more)
▼ The purpose of the current study is to investigate the relationship between expusre to childhood maltreatment and the development of the cerebellar vermis and cerebrocerebellum. Reduced volumes in certain brian structures have been discovered in childhood maltreatment survivors, including the amygdala, hippocampus, and corpus callosum (Bremmer, et al., 1997; De Bellis, et al., 1999; Jackowski, et al., 2007; Teicher, et al., 2003; Teicher, et al., 2012). Furthermore, a number of studies have examined the impact of childhood abuse on cerebellar volume, suggesting that the
cerebellum is susceptible to the effects of early stress (Anderson, et al., 2002; Bauer, et al., 2009; Beers & De Bellis, 2002; Carrion, et al., 2009; De Bellis & Kuchibhatla, 2006). However, few studies have examined the relation between type, frequency, and timing of maltreatment and cerebellar volume. Previous studies have addressed some of these questions, but had small sample sizes and were focused on different structures of the brain (rBRemmer, et al., 1997; De Bellis, et al., 1999). The current study proposes to examine cerebllar volume in relation to type, frequency, and timing of maltreatment with a considerably large sample size. It is hypothesized that there will be a significant relation between type, frequency, and timing of maltreatment and cerebellar volume. As the impact of maltreatment and development of the brain is still not fully understood, the current study seeks to contribute to the neuropsychological understanding of maltreatment and possibly shed light on potential treatment implications.
Advisors/Committee Members: Allen, Greg, doctor of clinical psychology (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Maltreatment; Cerebellum
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APA (6th Edition):
Mann, B. E. (2014). The impact of childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume. (Masters Thesis). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28528
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mann, Beatriz Elena. “The impact of childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28528.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mann, Beatriz Elena. “The impact of childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Mann BE. The impact of childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28528.
Council of Science Editors:
Mann BE. The impact of childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume. [Masters Thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28528
University of Texas – Austin
6.
Hsu, Julie Yong.
The relationship between posterior cerebellum volume and cross-modal divided attention in Autism Spectrum Disorders.
Degree: MA, Educational Psychology, 2011, University of Texas – Austin
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-12-4431
► The purpose of the current study is to understand the relationship between the volume of the posterior cerebellar hemispheres and cross-modality divided attention in ASD…
(more)
▼ The purpose of the current study is to understand the relationship between the volume of the posterior cerebellar hemispheres and cross-modality divided attention in ASD and control participants. Abnormalities in shifting, orienting, and selective attention are well reported in ASD, but few studies have examined divided attention. Furthermore,
there is evidence of volumetric reduction of the posterior
cerebellum in ASD. However,
few studies have examined the relationship between the posterior
cerebellum and behavioral performance. The current study addresses this gap in the literature through structural MRI and a neuropsychological attention task. It is hypothesized that the ASD group will have impaired divided attention abilities compared to the control group.
Furthermore, within the ASD group, reduced posterior cerebellar volume is expected to
be associated with impaired divided attention. The study will use multiple regression analyses. As ASD is a neurodevelopmental disability with considerable heterogeneity and unknown etiology, the current study seeks to contribute to the understanding of neural and behavioral markers of ASD.
Advisors/Committee Members: Allen, Greg, doctor of clinical psychology (advisor), Neff, Kristin (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Cerebellum; Autism; Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Hsu, J. Y. (2011). The relationship between posterior cerebellum volume and cross-modal divided attention in Autism Spectrum Disorders. (Masters Thesis). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-12-4431
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hsu, Julie Yong. “The relationship between posterior cerebellum volume and cross-modal divided attention in Autism Spectrum Disorders.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-12-4431.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hsu, Julie Yong. “The relationship between posterior cerebellum volume and cross-modal divided attention in Autism Spectrum Disorders.” 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Hsu JY. The relationship between posterior cerebellum volume and cross-modal divided attention in Autism Spectrum Disorders. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-12-4431.
Council of Science Editors:
Hsu JY. The relationship between posterior cerebellum volume and cross-modal divided attention in Autism Spectrum Disorders. [Masters Thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-12-4431
University of Texas – Austin
7.
Colonna, Jeremy Matthew.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of axonal reinnervation in the cerebellar cortex.
Degree: MSin Neuroscience, Neurobiology, 2013, University of Texas – Austin
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/39157
► Neuronal damage caused by brain injury or neurodegenerative disorders often leads to a loss of axonal innervation in distal target areas. Damaged axons typically do…
(more)
▼ Neuronal damage caused by brain injury or neurodegenerative disorders often leads to a loss of axonal innervation in distal target areas. Damaged axons typically do not regenerate in the central nervous system, but surviving axons can sprout new collaterals to re-innervate the denervated target area. At this point, it is unclear how long axons are capable of sprouting new collaterals after damage and the extent to which a surviving axon can expand its innervation area. To observe the spatiotemporal dynamics of collateral sprouting in the intact brain, we performed longitudinal time-lapse imaging of isolated cerebellar climbing fiber (CF) axons in vivo. Sub-populations of CFs were damaged by injecting neurotoxin 3-acetylpyridine into the inferior olivary nucleus (the origin of CFs) of transgenic mice that express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in CF terminals. Time-lapse in vivo two-photon imaging of surviving, isolated EGFP-positive CFs revealed two distinct modes of axonal outgrowth: lateral outgrowth to expand CF innervation territory and outgrowth in the sagittal plane to innervate PCs within a CF’s existing territory. Lateral outgrowth appears to have a limited time window of 4-6 weeks after IO damage, but sagittal outgrowth continues after this period ends. Our data suggests that lateral expansion of CF innervation territory is likely guided by long-range attractive cues released by denervated PCs for a limited time after injury. On the other hand, sagittal expansion may be guided by constitutively expressed short range cues such as cell adhesion molecules expressed in the PC plasma membrane. Lateral outgrowth may allow CFs to innervate PCs in new functional zones, while sagittal outgrowth allows for the refinement of synaptic connections with PCs in a previously innervated functional zone.
Advisors/Committee Members: Nishiyama, Hiroshi (advisor), Harris, Kristen (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuroscience; Cerebellum; UFSI
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APA (6th Edition):
Colonna, J. M. (2013). Spatiotemporal dynamics of axonal reinnervation in the cerebellar cortex. (Masters Thesis). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/39157
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Colonna, Jeremy Matthew. “Spatiotemporal dynamics of axonal reinnervation in the cerebellar cortex.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2152/39157.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Colonna, Jeremy Matthew. “Spatiotemporal dynamics of axonal reinnervation in the cerebellar cortex.” 2013. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Colonna JM. Spatiotemporal dynamics of axonal reinnervation in the cerebellar cortex. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/39157.
Council of Science Editors:
Colonna JM. Spatiotemporal dynamics of axonal reinnervation in the cerebellar cortex. [Masters Thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/39157
University of California – Berkeley
8.
Schlerf, John Edward.
The Cerebellum and Motor Learning.
Degree: Neuroscience, 2010, University of California – Berkeley
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/46b652nk
► During our daily lives, we make thousands of movements. When we stop and consider that doing something as ordinary as reaching for a glass of…
(more)
▼ During our daily lives, we make thousands of movements. When we stop and consider that doing something as ordinary as reaching for a glass of juice involves the precise sequential contraction of dozens of muscles simply to move our hand, we appreciate the immense problem that our brains are solving. If we then recognize that both the world and the body are constantly changing, the accuracy with which we move becomes quite staggering. Moving with such proficiency requires the motor system to be continuously learning and adapting. A host of neural structures are important for this behavior. One remarkable part of this system is the cerebellum, or "little brain": a phylogenetically ancient neural structure, containing over half of the neurons in the human central nervous system. Damage to this structure results in a loss of coordination, with marked impairments in the control of eye movements, the timing of simple rhythmic movements, and most intriguingly the ability to adjust well-learned motor skills.The aim of this dissertation is to explore the processes of motor control and learning, with a special emphasis on the functional contribution of the cerebellum. Following a short introduction (Chapter 1), empirical evidence is provided from two classes of behavior. Chapter 2 deals with the production of rhythmic movements in a population of patients with cerebellar pathology. Chapters 3 through 5 involve the production of goal-directed reaching movements, carefully investigating the representation and correction of errors through the combined use of psychophysics, brain imaging, and patient studies.In Chapter 2, patients with cerebellar pathology are observed to be impaired when producing rhythmic movements, particularly when the movements contain a distinct event that can be used to determine the performance error. In Chapter 3, we observe that by reshaping a target region, we can predictably impact the correction of movement errors during reaching movements toward that target. In Chapter 4, we provide physiological evidence of the representation of movement errors within the cerebellum, an effect only observed when appropriate measures are taken to factorout the effects of changes in heart rate. In Chapter 5, we show that patients with cerebellar pathology are impaired in adjusting their movements to counteract a visual perturbation, and furthermore suggest that this impairment is equivalent whether the perturbation is applied suddenly or gradually.Taken together, this work demonstrates that we learn to make better movements by rapidly evaluating our movements with respect to our goals, and correcting any mistakes with the help of the cerebellum.
Subjects/Keywords: Neurobiology; Psychology, Physiological; cerebellum
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APA (6th Edition):
Schlerf, J. E. (2010). The Cerebellum and Motor Learning. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/46b652nk
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Schlerf, John Edward. “The Cerebellum and Motor Learning.” 2010. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/46b652nk.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Schlerf, John Edward. “The Cerebellum and Motor Learning.” 2010. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Schlerf JE. The Cerebellum and Motor Learning. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/46b652nk.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Schlerf JE. The Cerebellum and Motor Learning. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2010. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/46b652nk
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
9.
Ryan, Kaitlyn Elizabeth.
Lkb1 controls expansion and folding of the cerebellar cortex.
Degree: PhD, Cell and Developmental Biology, 2014, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14778
► Cerebellar growth and foliation require the Hedgehog-driven proliferation of granule cell precursors (GCPs) in the external granule layer (EGL). However, that increased or extended GCP…
(more)
▼ Cerebellar growth and foliation require the Hedgehog-driven proliferation of granule cell precursors (GCPs) in the external granule layer (EGL). However, that increased or extended GCP proliferation generally does not elicit ectopic folds suggests that additional cellular mechanisms control cortical expansion and foliation during cerebellar development. Here, we find that genetic loss of the serine-threonine kinase Liver Kinase B1 (Lkb1) in GCPs increased cerebellar cortical size and foliation independent of changes in proliferation or Hedgehog signaling. Our results suggest that Lkb1 regulates cortical expansion and foliation by orienting mitotic GCP divisions perpendicular to the cerebellar surface. Consequently, genetic loss of Lkb1 from GCPs randomized the orientation of GCP divisions, effectively increasing the proportion of cells dividing parallel to the cerebellar surface. We propose that increased parallel divisions expanded cortical area by positioning GCPs next to, rather than on top of, one another following mitosis. Notably, alterations in the plane of division did not alter GCP differentiation. Additionally, we find that Lkb1 is important for radial migration of post-mitotic GCPs. Cortical expansion, increased foliation, and altered migration were independent of the well-documented Lkb1 substrate AMP-activated Kinase (AMPK). Taken together, our results reveal an important role for Lkb1 during cerebellar development and uncover oriented cell divisions as a previously unappreciated determinant of cerebellar cortical size and folding.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bruce Carter (committee member), Matthew J. Tyska (committee member), Ian Macara (committee member), Guoqiang Gu (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: cerebellum; foliation; development; evolution
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APA (6th Edition):
Ryan, K. E. (2014). Lkb1 controls expansion and folding of the cerebellar cortex. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14778
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ryan, Kaitlyn Elizabeth. “Lkb1 controls expansion and folding of the cerebellar cortex.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14778.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ryan, Kaitlyn Elizabeth. “Lkb1 controls expansion and folding of the cerebellar cortex.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ryan KE. Lkb1 controls expansion and folding of the cerebellar cortex. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14778.
Council of Science Editors:
Ryan KE. Lkb1 controls expansion and folding of the cerebellar cortex. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14778
Vanderbilt University
10.
Fleming, Jonathan Tyler.
The sonic hedgehog pathway mediates central regulation of cerebellar development and sarcoma phenotypic outcome.
Degree: PhD, Cell and Developmental Biology, 2014, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12175
► Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling regulates critical processes during embryonic development and in homeostasis of adult tissues. Deregulated pathway activity is a major factor underlying the…
(more)
▼ Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling regulates critical processes during embryonic development and
in homeostasis of adult tissues. Deregulated pathway activity is a major factor underlying the
etiology of numerous developmental disorders and cancers. In this dissertation, I investigated
early neonatal cerebellar development, where I identified that the Purkinje neuron utilizes bidirectional
distribution of Shh to centrally regulate neurogenesis, and to expand a previously
unappreciated stem cell – progenitor cell lineage in the white matter niche. Additionally, I
established a novel mouse model for a soft tissue sarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma. These findings
provide new understanding of how the Purkinje neuron oversees cerebellar development, as well
as key insight into the molecular underpinnings of a Shh-driven sarcoma variant.
Advisors/Committee Members: Andrea Page-McCaw (committee member), David Miller, PhD (committee member), Anna Means, PhD (committee member), James R Goldenring, MD. PhD (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: Sonic hedgehog cerebellum sarcoma
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MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Fleming, J. T. (2014). The sonic hedgehog pathway mediates central regulation of cerebellar development and sarcoma phenotypic outcome. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12175
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fleming, Jonathan Tyler. “The sonic hedgehog pathway mediates central regulation of cerebellar development and sarcoma phenotypic outcome.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12175.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fleming, Jonathan Tyler. “The sonic hedgehog pathway mediates central regulation of cerebellar development and sarcoma phenotypic outcome.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Fleming JT. The sonic hedgehog pathway mediates central regulation of cerebellar development and sarcoma phenotypic outcome. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12175.
Council of Science Editors:
Fleming JT. The sonic hedgehog pathway mediates central regulation of cerebellar development and sarcoma phenotypic outcome. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12175
Royal Holloway, University of London
11.
Mills, Jennifer Louise.
Skill learning : brain systems, eye movements, ageing, and driver behaviour.
Degree: PhD, 2018, Royal Holloway, University of London
URL: https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/brain-systems-eye-movements-ageing-and-driver-behaviour(c5f68f26-ae7a-4533-a836-1247a811a45c).html
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792781
► The aim of this thesis is to investigate the mechanisms of skill acquisition and the impact of aging on these processes in the laboratory and…
(more)
▼ The aim of this thesis is to investigate the mechanisms of skill acquisition and the impact of aging on these processes in the laboratory and during driving. This has a range of applications, including training older drivers to decrease their crash risk. Methods used include functional magnetic resonance imaging, eye tracking and driving simulation. Chapter 2 investigates the neural mechanisms that support the cognitive control of eye movements during visual sequence learning. Areas of the cerebellum that communicate with the prefrontal cortex showed activity changes that corresponded with performance increases as subjects became better at rehearsing information in working memory. Chapters 3 and 4 investigate the effects of ageing on visual skill learning. Using a novel spatial Stroop paradigm, Chapter 3 shows that in the face of conflicting information, performance decreases in older but not younger subjects. Chapter 4 uses an oculomotor adaptation of the Useful Field of Vision test, which examines the amount of information extracted from central and peripheral vision. Accuracy on a central visual task decreased as a concurrent peripheral visual task was conducted at higher radial eccentricities. Performance on the task conducted in central vision was significantly worse in older than younger subjects when the peripheral task was at the furthest distance. The effects of route familiarity on driving are explored in Chapter 5. Results show that driver behaviour can be performed earlier, and with less hesitation in familiar environments. Younger drivers benefitted from this more than older drivers. Hazard perception skill was facilitated by increased familiarity with an environment. This thesis reports the effects of practice on the cognitive control of eye movements during laboratory and real-world settings, and shows that they become increasingly skilled, probably supported by processes in the cerebellum. It also shows that the ability to acquire these skills reduces with age.
Subjects/Keywords: Cerebellum; Learning; Ageing; Driving
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APA (6th Edition):
Mills, J. L. (2018). Skill learning : brain systems, eye movements, ageing, and driver behaviour. (Doctoral Dissertation). Royal Holloway, University of London. Retrieved from https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/brain-systems-eye-movements-ageing-and-driver-behaviour(c5f68f26-ae7a-4533-a836-1247a811a45c).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792781
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mills, Jennifer Louise. “Skill learning : brain systems, eye movements, ageing, and driver behaviour.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Royal Holloway, University of London. Accessed January 18, 2021.
https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/brain-systems-eye-movements-ageing-and-driver-behaviour(c5f68f26-ae7a-4533-a836-1247a811a45c).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792781.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mills, Jennifer Louise. “Skill learning : brain systems, eye movements, ageing, and driver behaviour.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Mills JL. Skill learning : brain systems, eye movements, ageing, and driver behaviour. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Royal Holloway, University of London; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/brain-systems-eye-movements-ageing-and-driver-behaviour(c5f68f26-ae7a-4533-a836-1247a811a45c).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792781.
Council of Science Editors:
Mills JL. Skill learning : brain systems, eye movements, ageing, and driver behaviour. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Royal Holloway, University of London; 2018. Available from: https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/brain-systems-eye-movements-ageing-and-driver-behaviour(c5f68f26-ae7a-4533-a836-1247a811a45c).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792781
University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee
12.
Nazario, Amanda S.
Motivation Is Deficient in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), a Rodent Model of Adhd: Evidence from an Operant Breakpoint Paradigm.
Degree: MS, Psychology, 2019, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee
URL: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/2324
► Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed childhood neurobehavioral disorders. ADHD is characterized by three core behavioral deficits (hyperactivity,…
(more)
▼ Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed childhood neurobehavioral disorders. ADHD is characterized by three core behavioral deficits (hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity) that significantly hinder the daily functioning of those diagnosed. Furthermore, children with ADHD have problems with motivation and often require larger, more frequent rewards in order to complete a task. In this study, we used the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), a rodent model of ADHD that exhibits all the core deficits of the disorder. The goal of the current study was to further validate the SHR as a model of ADHD by training rats in an operant conditioning breakpoint paradigm which is commonly used to assess motivation. Twelve male SHR and 12 male Wistar Kyoto (WKY) control rats were trained on a Progressive Ratio schedule that increased in difficulty until the rats reached their breakpoint, which was defined as the point at which the animals stopped working. The breakpoint served as a measure of motivation and the higher the breakpoint, the more motivated the animal was. Results show that the SHR animals had a significantly lower breakpoint compared to the control animals, indicating that the SHR animals gave up working on the task much sooner. While the etiology of the disorder is largely unknown, we do know that various areas of the brain, including the
cerebellum, have abnormalities and warrants further investigation. In the current study, the dentate nucleus, one the three deep nuclei of the
cerebellum, was examined as it has previously been shown to have a role in motivational behavior. Findings indicate that the dentate nucleus volume was smaller in the SHR animals compared to the same structure in WKY rats. It is proposed that the smaller dentate nucleus in SHR rats may contribute to the motivational deficits expressed in these animals.
Advisors/Committee Members: Rodney A Swain.
Subjects/Keywords: ADHD; Cerebellum; SHR; Psychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Nazario, A. S. (2019). Motivation Is Deficient in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), a Rodent Model of Adhd: Evidence from an Operant Breakpoint Paradigm. (Thesis). University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee. Retrieved from https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/2324
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nazario, Amanda S. “Motivation Is Deficient in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), a Rodent Model of Adhd: Evidence from an Operant Breakpoint Paradigm.” 2019. Thesis, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee. Accessed January 18, 2021.
https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/2324.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nazario, Amanda S. “Motivation Is Deficient in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), a Rodent Model of Adhd: Evidence from an Operant Breakpoint Paradigm.” 2019. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Nazario AS. Motivation Is Deficient in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), a Rodent Model of Adhd: Evidence from an Operant Breakpoint Paradigm. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/2324.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Nazario AS. Motivation Is Deficient in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), a Rodent Model of Adhd: Evidence from an Operant Breakpoint Paradigm. [Thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee; 2019. Available from: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/2324
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Vermont
13.
Kather, Josefina M.
Effects of a Secretin Receptor Antagonist on Cerebellar Learning.
Degree: Psychological Science, 2016, University of Vermont
URL: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/222
► Eyeblink conditioning (EBC) is an important procedure used to understand the neuronal plasticity that occurs with learning and memory. Delay EBC requires a brainstem-cerebellar…
(more)
▼ Eyeblink conditioning (EBC) is an important procedure used to understand the neuronal plasticity that occurs with learning and memory. Delay EBC requires a brainstem-cerebellar circuit while the role of the
cerebellum in trace EBC is not as well understood because it requires a more complex neural circuitry involving regions of the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Secretin is a neuropeptide that is found in high concentrations within the
cerebellum. Previous work has shown that blocking secretin’s effects in the
cerebellum with intra-cerebellar infusion of relatively large volume of a secretin receptor antagonist impairs delay EBC (Fuchs et al. 2014). Here we study the effect that intra-cerebellar infusion of 0.5 μL secretin receptor antagonist (5-27 secretin) or vehicle prior to training sessions 1 and 2 has on delay and trace EBC in rats. A 600-ms tone CS was used for the delay EBC paradigm and a 300-ms tone CS followed by a 300-ms trace interval was used for the trace EBC paradigm. For delay EBC, the delay vehicle and antagonist groups displayed similar acquisition of conditioned responses (CRs). There was a trend for the trace antagonist group to underperform compared to the trace vehicle group though not quite at a significant level. One explanation for why the results for the delay EBC do not support previous work is that slow learning occurred in the delay vehicle group that may have prevented the effects of secretin receptor antagonist from reaching significance. The trend for the trace antagonist group to display decreased acquisition of CRs suggests that the
cerebellum does play an important role in trace EBC. However, in order to better understand the neural circuitry involved in trace EBC, future work should analyze the role that cerebellar secretin itself has on trace EBC.
Advisors/Committee Members: John Green, Anthony Morielli, Mark Bouton.
Subjects/Keywords: cerebellum; secretin; learning; memory
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APA (6th Edition):
Kather, J. M. (2016). Effects of a Secretin Receptor Antagonist on Cerebellar Learning. (Thesis). University of Vermont. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/222
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kather, Josefina M. “Effects of a Secretin Receptor Antagonist on Cerebellar Learning.” 2016. Thesis, University of Vermont. Accessed January 18, 2021.
https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/222.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kather, Josefina M. “Effects of a Secretin Receptor Antagonist on Cerebellar Learning.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kather JM. Effects of a Secretin Receptor Antagonist on Cerebellar Learning. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Vermont; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/222.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kather JM. Effects of a Secretin Receptor Antagonist on Cerebellar Learning. [Thesis]. University of Vermont; 2016. Available from: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/222
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Guelph
14.
Lam, Christopher.
Does Synaptic Depression Of The Cerebellar Vermis Modulate The Reflexive Muscular Or Full-Body Postural Responses To An Electrical Vestibular Perturbation In Healthy Young Adults?.
Degree: PhD, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, 2016, University of Guelph
URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/9651
► This thesis is an investigation of the relationship between the cerebellum and the vestibular system in postural control. When an electrical current is passed behind…
(more)
▼ This thesis is an investigation of the relationship between the
cerebellum and the vestibular system in postural control. When an electrical current is passed behind the ears, it results in a biphasic reflexive response in the muscles used for balance as well as a postural response, which occurs in the direction perpendicular to head orientation. Although our understanding of the postural and EMG responses to a vestibular perturbation is already quite detailed and continues to expand, there is still much to learn. One area of particular interest that remains irresolute is the origin of the vestibular reflexes and the involvement of other supraspinal structures in the modulation of these responses. The aim of this thesis is to further investigate the role of the cerebellar vermis in the modulation of the reflexive muscle responses and the direction of the postural responses to a vestibular perturbation. The current thesis is comprised of three studies, all of which had a similar experimental design. Each study consisted of two conditions: a TEST group, who received continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) to cause temporary synaptic depression of the cerebellar vermis; and a SHAM group, who received paired pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (ppTMS), which had no effect on cerebellar function. Baseline vestibular responses were evaluated with an unaltered
cerebellum before the intervention of either cTBS or ppTMS, then vestibular responses were reevaluated immediately after. The first experiment utilized a square wave, electrical vestibular stimulus to evaluate the electromyographic (EMG) reflex responses in the soleus muscles with a depressed
cerebellum. It was found that the medium latency (ML) response of the EMG reflex significantly increased with cerebellar depression (cTBS), whereas there was no significant change with ppTMS. This demonstrated that the cerebellar vermis is involved in the modulation of the EMG reflexive response to a vestibular perturbation. In the second experiment, a stochastic vestibular stimulus was used to evaluate the effects of extra-vestibular sensory input (vision and light tactile input from the finger) on the ML vestibular reflex, while the cerebellar vermis was temporarily depressed. It was found that the dampening of vestibular response amplitudes, caused by the availability of vision and touch, was significantly lessened with cerebellar depression (cTBS), where there were no changes with ppTMS. These results demonstrate the involvement of cerebellar vermis and its role in sensory integration, an essential part of the response to a vestibular perturbation. In the final experiment, the objective was to determine the role of the
cerebellum in developing appropriately directed postural responses to a vestibular perturbation under different orientations of head turn. We found that with the head facing over the shoulder, the postural response was no longer directed perpendicular to head orientation when the vermis was depressed with cTBS. The sway direction became more mediolateral,…
Advisors/Committee Members: Bent, Leah (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Vestibular; Balance; Cerebellum; Posture; Reflexes
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APA (6th Edition):
Lam, C. (2016). Does Synaptic Depression Of The Cerebellar Vermis Modulate The Reflexive Muscular Or Full-Body Postural Responses To An Electrical Vestibular Perturbation In Healthy Young Adults?. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/9651
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lam, Christopher. “Does Synaptic Depression Of The Cerebellar Vermis Modulate The Reflexive Muscular Or Full-Body Postural Responses To An Electrical Vestibular Perturbation In Healthy Young Adults?.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Guelph. Accessed January 18, 2021.
https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/9651.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lam, Christopher. “Does Synaptic Depression Of The Cerebellar Vermis Modulate The Reflexive Muscular Or Full-Body Postural Responses To An Electrical Vestibular Perturbation In Healthy Young Adults?.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Lam C. Does Synaptic Depression Of The Cerebellar Vermis Modulate The Reflexive Muscular Or Full-Body Postural Responses To An Electrical Vestibular Perturbation In Healthy Young Adults?. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/9651.
Council of Science Editors:
Lam C. Does Synaptic Depression Of The Cerebellar Vermis Modulate The Reflexive Muscular Or Full-Body Postural Responses To An Electrical Vestibular Perturbation In Healthy Young Adults?. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2016. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/9651
Erasmus University Rotterdam
15.
M.C. Verhage (Claire).
Neuromodulation of the Cognitive Cerebellum.
Degree: 2018, Erasmus University Rotterdam
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/104022
► In this thesis, the effect of non-invasive neurostimulation on motor and cognitive performance was investigated, taking an implicit-explicit notion into account. Results were mixed, varying…
(more)
▼ In this thesis, the effect of non-invasive neurostimulation on motor and cognitive performance was investigated, taking an implicit-explicit notion into account. Results were mixed, varying from positive effects in small samples to no effect at all.
Cerebellar stimulation studies investigating motor and cognitive learning show inconsistent effects and have replication difficulties. Therefore we conclude that cerebellar stimulation research in its current state is unable to modulate cognitive functions in a robust manner.
Subjects/Keywords: tDCS; neuromodulation; neurostimulation; cognition; cerebellum
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APA (6th Edition):
(Claire), M. V. (2018). Neuromodulation of the Cognitive Cerebellum. (Thesis). Erasmus University Rotterdam. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1765/104022
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
(Claire), M.C. Verhage. “Neuromodulation of the Cognitive Cerebellum.” 2018. Thesis, Erasmus University Rotterdam. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1765/104022.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
(Claire), M.C. Verhage. “Neuromodulation of the Cognitive Cerebellum.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
(Claire) MV. Neuromodulation of the Cognitive Cerebellum. [Internet] [Thesis]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/104022.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
(Claire) MV. Neuromodulation of the Cognitive Cerebellum. [Thesis]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/104022
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Manitoba
16.
Jiao, Xiaodan.
The study of sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in the development of lysosomal acid phosphatase (Acp2) mutant mice cerebellar granule cells.
Degree: Human Anatomy and Cell Science, 2017, University of Manitoba
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32791
► A lysosomal acid phosphatase 2 (Acp2) mutant mouse (naked-ataxia, nax) shows severe cerebellar cortex defect with a significant reduction in granule cells in the cerebellum.…
(more)
▼ A lysosomal acid phosphatase 2 (Acp2) mutant mouse (naked-ataxia, nax) shows severe cerebellar cortex defect with a significant reduction in granule cells in the
cerebellum. The sonic hedgehog (SHH) and N-Myc pathways are important for granule cell precursor proliferation and differentiation. The project tests the hypothesis that the proliferation defect of granule cells is associated with SHH - N-Myc pathway impairment in the nax mutant
cerebellum. To investigate morphological changes in the nax
cerebellum and alteration in the SHH - N-Myc pathway, in vivo and in vitro immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used. My data showed a strikingly reduced N-Myc expression in the nax
cerebellum, which was accompanied by an increase in proteasome activity, suggesting that the significant reduction of granule cells in nax
cerebellum is potentially due to the dysregulation of N-Myc via the abnormal ubiquitin-proteasome system activity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Marzban, Hassan (Human Anatomy and Cell Science) (supervisor), Kong, Jiming (Human Anatomy and Cell Science).
Subjects/Keywords: Cerebellum; Sonic hedgehog; Granule cells
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APA (6th Edition):
Jiao, X. (2017). The study of sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in the development of lysosomal acid phosphatase (Acp2) mutant mice cerebellar granule cells. (Masters Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32791
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jiao, Xiaodan. “The study of sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in the development of lysosomal acid phosphatase (Acp2) mutant mice cerebellar granule cells.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32791.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jiao, Xiaodan. “The study of sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in the development of lysosomal acid phosphatase (Acp2) mutant mice cerebellar granule cells.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Jiao X. The study of sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in the development of lysosomal acid phosphatase (Acp2) mutant mice cerebellar granule cells. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32791.
Council of Science Editors:
Jiao X. The study of sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in the development of lysosomal acid phosphatase (Acp2) mutant mice cerebellar granule cells. [Masters Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32791
17.
Darch, Henry.
Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation.
Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Bristol
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1983/09fa5d20-4732-4d80-90a5-0982e41a7ead
► The vertebrate brain can rapidly adjust voluntary movements in response to errors through a process of trial-by-trial motor adaptation. There are several regions of the…
(more)
▼ The vertebrate brain can rapidly adjust voluntary movements in response to errors through a process of trial-by-trial motor adaptation. There are several regions of the brain known to influence this adaptation of voluntary movements. The cerebellum is the principal area associated with adaptive movements and is thought to enable predictions of the consequences of movements. The motor cortex has been implicated in the long-term memory and maintenance of appropriate patterns of neural activity to execute accurate movements- the motor engram. The prefrontal cortex has also been implicated in the implementation of cognitive strategies and maintaining task engagement. Evidence to-date showing each of these areas' influence on motor adaptation suggests a functional network that works together to appropriately modify motor actions in response to behavioural errors. The neural mechanisms by which these distant nodes communicate with one another are not yet understood. The present study has investigated the neurophysiological changes that occur in the neural activity of the cerebellum (paravermal cortex), motor cortex and prefrontal cortex, as well as the level of network communication between them, during a visuomotor adaptation paradigm in both humans and cats. In both species, neural population activity (EEG in humans and local field potential activity in cats) showed a modulation of beta frequency oscillations in the primary motor cortex just prior to movement, specific to early stages of adaptation. No significant effects were observed in the cerebellar cortex and phase synchrony between the three brain areas was unchanged during adaptation. Together, these data suggest changes in motor cortical activity related to adaptation of reaching movements but no detectable changes to functional connectivity between the distributed brain nodes involved in motor adaptation. Contrary to predictions related to updating internal models during adaptation, this suggests neural network connectivity remains similar throughout the motor learning process.
Subjects/Keywords: Motor Adaptation; Cerebellum; Neural Network
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APA (6th Edition):
Darch, H. (2019). Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Bristol. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1983/09fa5d20-4732-4d80-90a5-0982e41a7ead
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Darch, Henry. “Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bristol. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1983/09fa5d20-4732-4d80-90a5-0982e41a7ead.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Darch, Henry. “Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation.” 2019. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Darch H. Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Bristol; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1983/09fa5d20-4732-4d80-90a5-0982e41a7ead.
Council of Science Editors:
Darch H. Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Bristol; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1983/09fa5d20-4732-4d80-90a5-0982e41a7ead
18.
Pijpers, Angelique.
Functional Anatomy Of The Intermediate Cerebellum In The Rat.
Degree: 2007, Erasmus University Medical Center
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/16467
► textabstractThe cerebellum is situated in the posterior part of the scull, dorsal to the brainstem and pontine nuclei (Fig.1). Despite the fact that it is…
(more)
▼ textabstractThe
cerebellum is situated in the posterior part of the scull, dorsal to the brainstem and pontine
nuclei (Fig.1). Despite the fact that it is called “little brain” it harbors about half of the total number
of neurons within the central nervous system (Kandel, 2003). The
cerebellum is divided into an
anterior lobe and a posterior lobe by the deep primary fissure. In addition, the posterior lobe is
separated from the flocculonodular lobe by the posterolateral fissure. Transverse (interlobular)
fissures divide the
cerebellum further into 10 lobules (numbered I to X; Larsell, 1952; Larsell and
Jansen, 1970). These lobules can be further sub divided by a various amount of foliation
according to species (Figure 1). From medial to lateral, the
cerebellum is divided into a vermis
and a laterally positioned hemisphere. Amongst the two the paravermis or intermediate
cerebellum is located, the organization and function of which will be the focus of this thesis.
The
cerebellum consists of a superficially located cortex, which, due to the impressive foliations
reaches an enormous surface in the human. Deep in the white matter of the
cerebellum the
cerebellar nuclei are located which provide the output of the
cerebellum. The
cerebellum is
connected to the brainstem by three cerebellar peduncles (superior, middle and inferior). Afferent
connections (see 1.3) are found in all three peduncles and contact neurons located in the
cerebellar cortex and/or the cerebellar nuclei (see 1.2 and 1.4). Efferent fibers leave the
cerebellum via the superior cerebellar peduncle or via the uncinate tracts. The Purkinje cell layer
of the flocculonodular lobe projects directly to the vestibular nuclei.
Functionally, the
cerebellum is divided into three regions; the phylogenetically oldest one
presumably is the vestibulocerebellum, which more or less equals the flocculonodular lobe, and
is involved in controlling balance and eye movements. The second part anatomically consists of
the vermis and paravermis and is referred to as the spinocerebellum due to the fact that it
receives abundant somatosensory input from the spinal cord. It is thought to be mostly involved
in reflexive and/or unconsciously executed motor control of the striated muscles. Finally, the
cerebrocerebellum, consisting of most of the hemispheres, is phylogenetically the youngest
addition to the
cerebellum and receives its input almost exclusively related to and from the
cerebral cortex. It is concerned with the planning, coordination and learning of complex
movements but has also been implicated in cognitive functions (Schmahmann, 1991; Gao et al.,
1996).
The cells that make up the
cerebellum, their in- and output relations
and their possible functions will be addressed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Biophysical Genomics, Department Cell Biology & Genetics, Biophysical Genomics, Department Cell Biology & Genetics.
Subjects/Keywords: cerebellum; rats
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APA (6th Edition):
Pijpers, A. (2007). Functional Anatomy Of The Intermediate Cerebellum In The Rat. (Doctoral Dissertation). Erasmus University Medical Center. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1765/16467
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pijpers, Angelique. “Functional Anatomy Of The Intermediate Cerebellum In The Rat.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, Erasmus University Medical Center. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1765/16467.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pijpers, Angelique. “Functional Anatomy Of The Intermediate Cerebellum In The Rat.” 2007. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Pijpers A. Functional Anatomy Of The Intermediate Cerebellum In The Rat. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Erasmus University Medical Center; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/16467.
Council of Science Editors:
Pijpers A. Functional Anatomy Of The Intermediate Cerebellum In The Rat. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Erasmus University Medical Center; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/16467
University of Florida
19.
Lafo, Jacob A.
Emotion Perception and Reactivity in Essential Tremor.
Degree: PhD, Psychology - Clinical and Health Psychology, 2018, University of Florida
URL: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0052648
► Essential tremor (ET) is a highly prevalent movement disorder characterized by action tremor. Tremor development has been linked with degenerative changes in the cerebellum, a…
(more)
▼ Essential tremor (ET) is a highly prevalent movement disorder characterized by action tremor. Tremor development has been linked with degenerative changes in the
cerebellum, a brain structure traditionally associated with motor control and integration. Essential tremor is also associated with mild cognitive symptoms, which have been attributed to alterations in cerebellar-cortical circuitry. In light of neuroanatomical evidence of cerebellar-limbic connectivity and recent observations in our laboratory of emotional blunting in ET, the question arises as to whether emotion-specific circuitry may also be affected in ET, secondary to cerebellar pathology.
Advisors/Committee Members: BOWERS,DAWN (committee chair), FEDELE,DAVID ANDREW (committee member), BRADLEY,MARGARET M (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: cerebellum – emotion – essential – startle – tremor
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APA (6th Edition):
Lafo, J. A. (2018). Emotion Perception and Reactivity in Essential Tremor. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Florida. Retrieved from https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0052648
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lafo, Jacob A. “Emotion Perception and Reactivity in Essential Tremor.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida. Accessed January 18, 2021.
https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0052648.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lafo, Jacob A. “Emotion Perception and Reactivity in Essential Tremor.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Lafo JA. Emotion Perception and Reactivity in Essential Tremor. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Florida; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0052648.
Council of Science Editors:
Lafo JA. Emotion Perception and Reactivity in Essential Tremor. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Florida; 2018. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0052648
University of Windsor
20.
Abu Khatir, Bashaer.
TUBERIN REGULATION IN NEURAL TISSUE AND CELL FATE.
Degree: MS, Biological Sciences, 2016, University of Windsor
URL: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5624
► Mutations in the TSC2 gene, coding for the tumour suppressor protein Tuberin, lead to formation of benign tumours in systems like the brain. Some data…
(more)
▼ Mutations in the TSC2 gene, coding for the tumour suppressor protein Tuberin, lead to formation of benign tumours in systems like the brain. Some data supports Tuberin being an essential regulator of neural development and playing a role in cell fate decisions.
I hypothesized that Tuberin is an essential regulator of neural cell fate decisions in the
cerebellum and mutations in Tuberin may fuel the expansion of a stem-like population of cells in the childhood malignant brain cancer Medulloblastoma (MB). I found that Tuberin levels were tightly regulated in select regions of the brain. Culture of primary
cerebellum stem/progenitor cells was performed. I demonstrated that Tuberin levels are downregulated throughout cell differentiation. Tuberin levels are high in the stem-like population in MB cells. This supports that Tuberin is an essential regulator of differentiation in stem-like progenitor population. Coaxing this stem-cell population to undergo functional differentiation in MB is one potentially exciting area for new cancer therapy.
Advisors/Committee Members: Porter, Lisa, Fidalgo da Silva, Elizabeth.
Subjects/Keywords: Cerebellum; Medulloblastoma; TSC1; TSC2; Tuberin
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APA (6th Edition):
Abu Khatir, B. (2016). TUBERIN REGULATION IN NEURAL TISSUE AND CELL FATE. (Masters Thesis). University of Windsor. Retrieved from https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5624
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Abu Khatir, Bashaer. “TUBERIN REGULATION IN NEURAL TISSUE AND CELL FATE.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Windsor. Accessed January 18, 2021.
https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5624.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Abu Khatir, Bashaer. “TUBERIN REGULATION IN NEURAL TISSUE AND CELL FATE.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Abu Khatir B. TUBERIN REGULATION IN NEURAL TISSUE AND CELL FATE. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Windsor; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5624.
Council of Science Editors:
Abu Khatir B. TUBERIN REGULATION IN NEURAL TISSUE AND CELL FATE. [Masters Thesis]. University of Windsor; 2016. Available from: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/5624
University of Toronto
21.
Wang, Xueyi (Wendy).
Patterning of Cerebellar Inhibitory Interneurons by the Clustered Protocadherins.
Degree: 2018, University of Toronto
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/99959
► Precise wiring of brain circuitries requires coordinated interactions of neurons with their environment for regulations of their cell numbers, distributions, and connectivity patterns, and selection…
(more)
▼ Precise wiring of brain circuitries requires coordinated interactions of neurons with their environment for regulations of their cell numbers, distributions, and connectivity patterns, and selection of synaptic partners. The molecular cues and recognition molecules that orchestrate these interactions are not well understood. Here, I provide evidence that the gamma clustered Protocadherins (Pcdhγs) are essential for regulating cerebellar molecular layer interneuron (MLI) survival and neurite arborization. By conditionally deleting the Pcdhγs prior to or after MLI integration, I demonstrate differential roles for the Pcdhγs in regulating MLI survival and neurite branching. Early developmental loss of Pcdhγs results in reduced survival of MLIs, in addition to profound alterations to their neurite patterning. In contrast, late deletion of Pcdhγs did not affect MLI numbers, but led to similar reductions in dendritic and axonal arborization. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the Pcdhγs are required for interneuron survival and neurite arborization during two windows of development.
M.Sc.
2020-03-26 00:00:00
Advisors/Committee Members: Lefebvre, Julie, Molecular and Medical Genetics.
Subjects/Keywords: Cerebellum; Interneuron; Protocadherin; 0317
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APA (6th Edition):
Wang, X. (. (2018). Patterning of Cerebellar Inhibitory Interneurons by the Clustered Protocadherins. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/99959
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wang, Xueyi (Wendy). “Patterning of Cerebellar Inhibitory Interneurons by the Clustered Protocadherins.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/99959.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wang, Xueyi (Wendy). “Patterning of Cerebellar Inhibitory Interneurons by the Clustered Protocadherins.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Wang X(. Patterning of Cerebellar Inhibitory Interneurons by the Clustered Protocadherins. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/99959.
Council of Science Editors:
Wang X(. Patterning of Cerebellar Inhibitory Interneurons by the Clustered Protocadherins. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/99959
University of Bristol
22.
Darch, Henry.
Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation.
Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Bristol
URL: https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/09fa5d20-4732-4d80-90a5-0982e41a7ead
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.774458
► The vertebrate brain can rapidly adjust voluntary movements in response to errors through a process of trial-by-trial motor adaptation. There are several regions of the…
(more)
▼ The vertebrate brain can rapidly adjust voluntary movements in response to errors through a process of trial-by-trial motor adaptation. There are several regions of the brain known to influence this adaptation of voluntary movements. The cerebellum is the principal area associated with adaptive movements and is thought to enable predictions of the consequences of movements. The motor cortex has been implicated in the long-term memory and maintenance of appropriate patterns of neural activity to execute accurate movements- the motor engram. The prefrontal cortex has also been implicated in the implementation of cognitive strategies and maintaining task engagement. Evidence to-date showing each of these areas' influence on motor adaptation suggests a functional network that works together to appropriately modify motor actions in response to behavioural errors. The neural mechanisms by which these distant nodes communicate with one another are not yet understood. The present study has investigated the neurophysiological changes that occur in the neural activity of the cerebellum (paravermal cortex), motor cortex and prefrontal cortex, as well as the level of network communication between them, during a visuomotor adaptation paradigm in both humans and cats. In both species, neural population activity (EEG in humans and local field potential activity in cats) showed a modulation of beta frequency oscillations in the primary motor cortex just prior to movement, specific to early stages of adaptation. No significant effects were observed in the cerebellar cortex and phase synchrony between the three brain areas was unchanged during adaptation. Together, these data suggest changes in motor cortical activity related to adaptation of reaching movements but no detectable changes to functional connectivity between the distributed brain nodes involved in motor adaptation. Contrary to predictions related to updating internal models during adaptation, this suggests neural network connectivity remains similar throughout the motor learning process.
Subjects/Keywords: Motor Adaptation; Cerebellum; Neural Network
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APA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Darch, H. (2019). Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Bristol. Retrieved from https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/09fa5d20-4732-4d80-90a5-0982e41a7ead ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.774458
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Darch, Henry. “Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bristol. Accessed January 18, 2021.
https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/09fa5d20-4732-4d80-90a5-0982e41a7ead ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.774458.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Darch, Henry. “Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation.” 2019. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Darch H. Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Bristol; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/09fa5d20-4732-4d80-90a5-0982e41a7ead ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.774458.
Council of Science Editors:
Darch H. Neural network activity during visuomotor adaptation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Bristol; 2019. Available from: https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/09fa5d20-4732-4d80-90a5-0982e41a7ead ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.774458
University of Texas – Austin
23.
Kostic, Anne Cadence.
Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum: vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX.
Degree: MA, Educational psychology - school, 2015, University of Texas – Austin
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/35300
► The cerebellum is classically known for its role in motor functioning; however, research has shown cerebellar involvement in other domains, including memory, attention, and emotional…
(more)
▼ The
cerebellum is classically known for its role in motor functioning; however, research has shown cerebellar involvement in other domains, including memory, attention, and emotional functioning. Animal studies, lesion studies, and imagining studies have contributed to our understanding of the wide array of cerebellar functions. Research specifically examining connections between the
cerebellum and other systems of the brain has greatly expanded our understanding of the complexities of the cerebellum’s dynamic involvement with functional brain systems in addition to the motor system. Additionally, research has found the
cerebellum to be involved in multiple disorders and is one of the most consistent sites of abnormality in autism. Connections between the
cerebellum and the limbic system are thought to support cerebellar involvement in emotional functioning, affect, social cognition, and possibly in disorders indicative of impaired limbic-related functions, including autism. However, the functional connectivity of the limbic system and the
cerebellum has not been comprehensively studied using functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) procedures. Therefore, the purpose of this present study is to determine the functional connectivity of specific cerebellar vermis with structures of the limbic system to contribute to the understanding of the organization of the limbic
cerebellum. This study uses fcMRI and functional connectivity analysis to determine to functional coherence of three vermis ROIs with limbic structures. It is hypothesized that posterior vermis lobule ROIs will show significant functional coherence with limbic brain regions, suggesting posterior vermis involvement in the circuitry of the limbic
cerebellum.
Advisors/Committee Members: Allen, Greg, doctor of clinical psychology (advisor), Stark, Kevin (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: fMRI; Cerebellum; Vermis; Connectivity
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APA (6th Edition):
Kostic, A. C. (2015). Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum: vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX. (Masters Thesis). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/35300
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kostic, Anne Cadence. “Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum: vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2152/35300.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kostic, Anne Cadence. “Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum: vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kostic AC. Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum: vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/35300.
Council of Science Editors:
Kostic AC. Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum: vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX. [Masters Thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/35300
University of Texas – Austin
24.
-8416-3963.
Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum in ASD : vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX.
Degree: PhD, Educational Psychology, 2019, University of Texas – Austin
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/5829
► Cerebellar abnormalities have been identified in patient populations with disruptions in emotional functioning, often associated with the limbic system. Functional imaging research has provided evidence…
(more)
▼ Cerebellar abnormalities have been identified in patient populations with disruptions in emotional functioning, often associated with the limbic system. Functional imaging research has provided evidence for a limbic
cerebellum. Areas of the
cerebellum, including the cerebellar vermis, have been shown to participate in emotional processing functions traditionally related to that of limbic system structures. However, the functional connectivity of specific areas of cerebellar vermis has not been extensively researched using resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fcMRI). Additionally, emotional processing deficits, often related to limbic system functioning, are associated with multiple patient populations including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder associated with deficits in language, social, and cognitive functioning. The
cerebellum is one of the most consistent sites of brain abnormality in ASD; however, the connections between the cerebellar vermis and the limbic system have yet to be explored in this population using rs-fcMRI.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the functional connectivity of the limbic
cerebellum using a resting-state fcMRI procedure in both typically developing individuals and those with ASD. This study aimed to increase current understanding of the organization of the brain, potential functions of the
cerebellum, and provide insight into a disorder with established cerebellar abnormalities through the investigation of the connections of the cerebellar vermis in both typically developing individuals and those with ASD.
Results indicated significant functional connectivity between three distinct areas of cerebellar vermis (vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX) and structures of the limbic system, including the cingulate gyrus, for the control group. Functional correlations between these regions suggest potential for cerebellar involvement in emotional processes, warranting further study. There were no differences in functional connectivity found for the superior posterior and inferior posterior vermis in ASD when compared to controls. An increase in anterior vermis functional connectivity in the ASD group extended to a small area in the left cingulate gyrus, a limbic system region. Results suggest limited differences in cerebellar vermis functional connectivity between groups.
Advisors/Committee Members: Keith, Timothy Z., 1952- (advisor), Allen, Greg, doctor of clinical psychology (advisor), Bunner, Melissa R. (committee member), Stark, Kevin D. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Cerebellum; fMRI; Autism; ASD
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APA (6th Edition):
-8416-3963. (2019). Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum in ASD : vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/5829
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
-8416-3963. “Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum in ASD : vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/5829.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
-8416-3963. “Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum in ASD : vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX.” 2019. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Vancouver:
-8416-3963. Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum in ASD : vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/5829.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Council of Science Editors:
-8416-3963. Resting state functional connectivity of the limbic cerebellum in ASD : vermis lobules IV, VII, and IX. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2019. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/5829
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
University of Texas – Austin
25.
-2687-8917.
The impact of type, frequency, and age of exposure to childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume.
Degree: PhD, Educational psychology - school, 2016, University of Texas – Austin
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/45948
► The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between exposure to childhood maltreatment and the development of the cerebellum. Reduced volumes in…
(more)
▼ The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between exposure to childhood maltreatment and the development of the
cerebellum. Reduced volumes in certain brain structures have been discovered in childhood maltreatment survivors, including the amygdala, hippocampus, and corpus callosum (Bremmer, et al., 1997; De Bellis, et al., 1999; Jackowski, et al., 2007; Teicher, et al., 2003; Teicher, et al., 2012). Furthermore, a number of studies have examined the impact of childhood abuse on cerebellar volume, suggesting that the
cerebellum is susceptible to the effects of early stress (Anderson, et al., 2002; Bauer, et al., 2009; Beers & De Bellis, 2002; Carrion, et al., 2009; De Bellis & Kuchibhatla, 2006). However, few studies have examined the relation between type, frequency, and timing of maltreatment and cerebellar volume. The current study proposed to examine cerebellar volume in relation to type, frequency, and timing of maltreatment with a considerably large sample size. It was hypothesized that there would be a significant relation between type, frequency, and timing of maltreatment and cerebellar volume. Participants were young adults, ages 18-25 who fell along a continuum of maltreatment exposure (n=128). First, results suggest that exposure to maltreatment during childhood predicted smaller cerebellar volume. Second, unique clusters of cerebellar regions of interest (ROIs) were found to be significantly impacted by specific types of maltreatment experienced at certain ages, suggesting “developmental windows of vulnerability.” Third, results indicate that severity of maltreatment exposure was only predictive of reduced cerebellar volume in a very small region of the
cerebellum. Finally, results suggest that type and timing of maltreatment predicted reduced cerebellar volume in the right hemisphere, the vermis, Crus II, and total cerebellar volume, according to the gender of participants. These results indicate that the
cerebellum is negatively impacted by exposure to childhood maltreatment, that different types of maltreatment impact cerebellar volume differently, and that there may be sensitive periods of cerebellar development that make it more vulnerable to exposure to maltreatment. The importance of type and timing of maltreatment may also be different based on gender. Furthermore, results indicate that exposure to maltreatment during a cerebellar sensitive period may be more impactful compared to frequency, duration, or severity of maltreatment exposure.
Advisors/Committee Members: Allen, Greg, doctor of clinical psychology (advisor), Teicher, Martin Hersch (advisor), Anderson, Carl (committee member), Carlson, Cindy (committee member), Drum, David (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Maltreatment; Child abuse; Cerebellum
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APA (6th Edition):
-2687-8917. (2016). The impact of type, frequency, and age of exposure to childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/45948
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
-2687-8917. “The impact of type, frequency, and age of exposure to childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2152/45948.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
-2687-8917. “The impact of type, frequency, and age of exposure to childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Vancouver:
-2687-8917. The impact of type, frequency, and age of exposure to childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/45948.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Council of Science Editors:
-2687-8917. The impact of type, frequency, and age of exposure to childhood maltreatment on cerebellar volume. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/45948
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
University of New South Wales
26.
Kim, Youngsoo.
Identification of TRPC3c ion channels in the brain: molecular physiology and region-specific regulation.
Degree: Medical Sciences, 2015, University of New South Wales
URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54248
;
https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:13713/SOURCE02?view=true
► Canonical transient receptor potential 3 (TRPC3) channels are nonselective cation channels from the TRPC family that are particularly important in Ca2+ homeostasis and signalling in…
(more)
▼ Canonical transient receptor potential 3 (TRPC3) channels are nonselective cation channels from the TRPC family that are particularly important in Ca2+ homeostasis and signalling in neurons. These channels have multiple modes of activation, via a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) – phospholipase C (PLC) – diacylglycerol (DAG) pathway, as well as via intracellular store depletion and coupling to the inositol triphosphate (IP¬3) receptor. The TRPC3 channels are highly expressed in the brain and have diverse functions. In the
cerebellum, TRPC3 has been shown to mediate neuroprotection or neurotoxicity, growth cone guidance, and neurotransmission related to motor coordination. This study focusses on the discovery and functional characterisation of a novel TRPC3 subunit splice variant, designated as TRPC3c. TRPC3c is formed by omission of a small exon (exon 9) which consists of 84 bases thatcodes for 28 amino acids. This exon codes for a significant portion of a regulatory domain known as the calmodulin - inositol triphosphate (IP3) receptor binding (CIRB) domain in the C-terminus. The TRPC3c splice variant is shown here to be widely expressed throughout the brain in various mammalian species including, mouse, rat, guinea pig and human. TRPC3c showed the highest expression level in the
cerebellum in all these species. Functional characterisation of the recombinant TRPC3c channels by means of Ca2+ imaging and electrophysiology showed that this isoform has very high activity, with an increased channel opening rate compared to the formerly discovered TRPC3b isoform (wild-type). Our data suggests that this increased activity may be attributed to reduced sensitivity to intracellular [Ca2+], possibly due to altered interaction with intracellular regulators of the channels such as calmodulin. Given the high expression of the TRPC3c isoform in the
cerebellum and its unusually high channel activity, it is likely that TRPC3c contributes significantly to Ca2+ and Na+ entry. TRPC3c may therefore have a crucial role in several cellular processes, including neuronal growth, survival, death, and neurotransmission.
Advisors/Committee Members: Housley, Gary, Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Moorhouse, Andrew, Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Bertrand, Paul, School of Medical Sciences, RMIT.
Subjects/Keywords: Cerebellum; TRPC3; Alternative splicing
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APA (6th Edition):
Kim, Y. (2015). Identification of TRPC3c ion channels in the brain: molecular physiology and region-specific regulation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54248 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:13713/SOURCE02?view=true
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kim, Youngsoo. “Identification of TRPC3c ion channels in the brain: molecular physiology and region-specific regulation.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54248 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:13713/SOURCE02?view=true.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kim, Youngsoo. “Identification of TRPC3c ion channels in the brain: molecular physiology and region-specific regulation.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kim Y. Identification of TRPC3c ion channels in the brain: molecular physiology and region-specific regulation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54248 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:13713/SOURCE02?view=true.
Council of Science Editors:
Kim Y. Identification of TRPC3c ion channels in the brain: molecular physiology and region-specific regulation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2015. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54248 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:13713/SOURCE02?view=true
University of New Mexico
27.
Silva, Lynette M.
Atypical development of the cerebellum : impact on language function.
Degree: Psychology, 2012, University of New Mexico
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/21077
► Children born very low birth weight (VLBW; <1800 grams) and/or preterm (<33 weeks gestation) frequently have cerebellar hypoplasia, and a constellation of cognitive deficits. The…
(more)
▼ Children born very low birth weight (VLBW; <1800 grams) and/or preterm (<33 weeks gestation) frequently have cerebellar hypoplasia, and a constellation of cognitive deficits. The
cerebellum, now shown to be involved in many non-motor functions, has a protracted maturation process similar to the frontal lobes, and new evidence suggests the
cerebellum may be more vulnerable to environmental factors than
subject to genetics. However, relationships between specific cerebellar structures and cognitive functions have not been extensively investigated. We examined relationships between the volume of four cerebellar regions of interest (ROI) and language performance in two age samples: 27 participants between 16 and 20 months of age and 20 participants between 3 and 4 years old. Language performance was significantly different between VLBW and control groups in both age samples. No significant relationships were evident between language performance and ROI volume in the 18-month-old sample. Anterior vermis volume was significantly correlated with VIQ scores in only the 3-year-old VLBW group, in the absence of a significant group difference in anterior vermis volume. This correlation remained significant in the VLBW group, even when controlling for number of days on ventilation. In terms of predicting group membership, VIQ was the most significant predictor in the 3-year-old sample, with increased specificity when adding right dentate nucleus volume. In terms of predicting VIQ scores, ethnicity was the most significant predictor for the control group, but days of ventilation along with anterior vermis volume best predicted VIQ in the VLBW group. The possibility of a differential relationship between anterior vermis volume and language ability in VLBW children, possibly emerging between 18 months and 3 years of age, may have implications for development of interventions, particularly given environmental vulnerability and the protracted cerebellar maturation process.
Advisors/Committee Members: Verney, Steven, Yeo, Ronald, Thoma, Robert, Lowe, Jean.
Subjects/Keywords: Language disorders in children – Physiological aspects; Cerebellum – Abnormalities; Cerebellum – Growth.
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APA (6th Edition):
Silva, L. M. (2012). Atypical development of the cerebellum : impact on language function. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New Mexico. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1928/21077
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Silva, Lynette M. “Atypical development of the cerebellum : impact on language function.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New Mexico. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1928/21077.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Silva, Lynette M. “Atypical development of the cerebellum : impact on language function.” 2012. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Silva LM. Atypical development of the cerebellum : impact on language function. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New Mexico; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/21077.
Council of Science Editors:
Silva LM. Atypical development of the cerebellum : impact on language function. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New Mexico; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/21077
Columbia University
28.
Scalise, Karina R.
A Comparative Approach to Cerebellar Circuit Function.
Degree: 2016, Columbia University
URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8W9590T
► The approaches available for unlocking a neural circuit – deciphering its algorithm’s means and ends – are restricted by the biological characteristics of both the…
(more)
▼ The approaches available for unlocking a neural circuit – deciphering its algorithm’s means and ends – are restricted by the biological characteristics of both the circuit in question and the organism in which it is studied. The cerebellum has long appealed to circuits neuroscientists in this regard because of its simple yet evocative structure and physiology. Decades of efforts to validate theories inspired by its distinctive characteristics have yielded intriguing but highly equivocal results. In particular, the general spirit of David Marr and James Albus’s models of cerebellar involvement in associative learning, now almost 50 years old, continues to shape much research, and yet the resulting data indicates that the Marr-Albus theories cannot, in their original incarnations, be the whole story.
In efforts to resolve these mysteries of the cerebellum, researchers have pushed the advantages of its simple circuit even further by studying it in model organisms with complimentary methodological advantages. Much early work for example was conducted in monkeys and humans taking advantage of the mechanically simple and precise oculomotor behaviors at which these foveates excel. Then, as genetic tools entered the scene and became increasingly powerful, neuroscientists began porting what had been learned into mouse, a model system in which these tools can be deployed with great sophistication. This was effective in part because cerebellum is highly conserved across vertebrates so complimentary insights can be made across different model systems.
Today genetic prowess has been further augmented by rapid advances in optical methods for visualizing and manipulating genetically targeted components. The promise of these new capabilities provides grounds for exploring additional model organisms with characteristics particularly suited to harnessing the power of modern methodology.
In the following chapters I explore the promise and challenges of adding a new organism to the current pantheon of most commonly studied cerebellar model organisms. In chapter 1, I introduce the cerebellar circuit and a sampling of the historically equivocal outcomes met by efforts to test Marr-Albus theories in the context of a classical cerebellar learning paradigm: vestibulo-ocular reflex adaptation.
In chapter 2, I detail my efforts to establish a method for population calcium imaging in cerebellar granule cells (GCs) of the weakly electric mormyrid fish, gnathonemus petersii. The unusual anatomical placement of GCs in this organism, directly on the surface of the brain, is ideal for optical methods, which require the ability to illuminate structures of interest. Furthermore, in the mormyrid, GCs play analogous role in two circuits – the cerebellum and a purely sensory structure, the electrosensory lobe, which has a cerebellum-like structure. This latter circuit is unusually well-characterized and appears to employ a Marr-Albus style associative learning algorithm. This could provide a helpful context for interpreting the…
Subjects/Keywords: Cerebellum; Neural circuitry – Data processing; Cerebellum – Physiology; Cerebellum – Anatomy; Purkinje cells; Algorithms; Visual perception; Neural circuitry; Neurosciences
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Scalise, K. R. (2016). A Comparative Approach to Cerebellar Circuit Function. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8W9590T
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Scalise, Karina R. “A Comparative Approach to Cerebellar Circuit Function.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed January 18, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.7916/D8W9590T.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Scalise, Karina R. “A Comparative Approach to Cerebellar Circuit Function.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Scalise KR. A Comparative Approach to Cerebellar Circuit Function. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8W9590T.
Council of Science Editors:
Scalise KR. A Comparative Approach to Cerebellar Circuit Function. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8W9590T
Dalhousie University
29.
O'Brien, Michael.
CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL ISOFORM OF NOS1AP:
NOS1APc.
Degree: MS, Department of Pharmacology, 2012, Dalhousie University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15490
► The current study characterizes a novel isoform of the Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein (NOS1AP), herein NOS1APc. NOS1APc was identified in a proteomic screen…
(more)
▼ The current study characterizes a novel isoform of the
Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein (NOS1AP), herein NOS1APc.
NOS1APc was identified in a proteomic screen for Scribble
interacting proteins. Northern blot analysis revealed a 7kb
transcript that was present in a number of different tissues and
cell lines. Highest levels were detected in the
cerebellum. In situ
hybridization studies revealed NOS1APc mRNA throughout the cortex
and hippocampus. In addition, cerebellar Purkinje cells and
different brainstem nuclei also contained NOS1APc mRNA. Antibodies
directed against NOS1APc revealed a 100 kDa protein, while
immunohistochemical staining revealed high levels of this protein
within the molecular layer of the
cerebellum. Finally,
immunocytochemical studies using isolated primary astrocytes
revealed a subset of BrdU positive nuclei that co-expressed
NOS1APc, suggesting that this protein may function in some capacity
in cell-cycle progression.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dr. Ying Zhang (external-examiner), Dr. Eileen Denovan-Wright (graduate-coordinator), Dr. Ying Zhang, Dr. George Robertson (thesis-reader), Dr. Jim Fawcett (thesis-supervisor), Not Applicable (ethics-approval), Not Applicable (manuscripts), Not Applicable (copyright-release).
Subjects/Keywords: NOS1AP; NOS1APc; Scribble; cerebellum; cell
cycle
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
O'Brien, M. (2012). CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL ISOFORM OF NOS1AP:
NOS1APc. (Masters Thesis). Dalhousie University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15490
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
O'Brien, Michael. “CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL ISOFORM OF NOS1AP:
NOS1APc.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Dalhousie University. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15490.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
O'Brien, Michael. “CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL ISOFORM OF NOS1AP:
NOS1APc.” 2012. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
O'Brien M. CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL ISOFORM OF NOS1AP:
NOS1APc. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15490.
Council of Science Editors:
O'Brien M. CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL ISOFORM OF NOS1AP:
NOS1APc. [Masters Thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15490
University of Rochester
30.
Dever, Daniel Patrick.
The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Cerebellar Granule Cell
Neurogenesis: Implications for Development and Medulloblastoma
Pathogenesis.
Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28437
► The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated member of the basic-helixloop- helix (bHLH)/PER-ARNT-SIM transcription factor superfamily that mediates 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) toxicity. Increasing evidence…
(more)
▼ The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a
ligand-activated member of the basic-helixloop-
helix
(bHLH)/PER-ARNT-SIM transcription factor superfamily that mediates
2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) toxicity. Increasing
evidence suggests that
AhR endogenously influences the development
of many tissues, including the central
nervous system (CNS).
Previous data from our laboratory demonstrated that
inappropriate
and/or sustained AhR activation by TCDD disrupted cerebellar
granule
neuron precursor (GNP) proliferation and differentiation,
whereas AhR deletion produced
abnormal GNP maturation. These
observations led to the hypothesis that the AhR
endogenously
controls GNP proliferation and/or differentiation in a cell
autonomous manner. To test this hypothesis, GNP-specific AhR
deletion mice (AhR
CKO) were generated utilizing the Cre-LoxP
conditional knockout strategy. GNPs in
AhR CKO exclusively
expressed Cre recombinase in the developing cerebellum, which
excised AhR alleles and subsequently produced marked decreases in
protein expression.
Selective AhR deletion was associated with
reduced GNP proliferation as demonstrated
by a reduction of cells
in the S (BrdU) and G2/M (pH3) phases in vivo, as well as
diminished DNA synthesis (3H-thymidine) in vitro. Moreover, total
granule neurons, at
PND21 and PND60, were diminished in AhR CKO
cerebella. These observations
suggest that AhR maintains GNPs in
their cycling state to regulate final granule cell
numbers.
Interestingly, abnormal proliferating GNPs are thought to give rise
to
medulloblastoma (MB), which is a devastating primary pediatric
cerebellar tumor.
Because loss of AhR expression reduced GNP
proliferation, additional studies tested
the hypothesis that AhR
promotes the growth of human MB cells. Therefore, a stable
AhR
knockdown MB (DAOY) cell line (AhR shRNA) was produced, which
exhibited a
70% reduction in AhR protein levels. Compared to wild
type DAOY cells, AhR shRNA
DAOY cells displayed an impaired G1 to
S cell cycle transition, decreased DNA
synthesis, and reduced
proliferation. These results suggest that AhR expression promotes
the proliferation of human MB cells. The studies described in this
dissertation make a
connection between the biological role of the
AhR in normal GNP development and the
tumorigenic role in MB
proliferation. Thus, these findings may have important
implications in the diagnosis and treatment strategies for diseases
of cerebellar origin,
such as MB.
Subjects/Keywords: AhR; Cerebellum; Cerebellar granule cells; Development; Medulloblastoma
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Dever, D. P. (2014). The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Cerebellar Granule Cell
Neurogenesis: Implications for Development and Medulloblastoma
Pathogenesis. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28437
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dever, Daniel Patrick. “The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Cerebellar Granule Cell
Neurogenesis: Implications for Development and Medulloblastoma
Pathogenesis.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 18, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28437.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dever, Daniel Patrick. “The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Cerebellar Granule Cell
Neurogenesis: Implications for Development and Medulloblastoma
Pathogenesis.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Dever DP. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Cerebellar Granule Cell
Neurogenesis: Implications for Development and Medulloblastoma
Pathogenesis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28437.
Council of Science Editors:
Dever DP. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Cerebellar Granule Cell
Neurogenesis: Implications for Development and Medulloblastoma
Pathogenesis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28437
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations
