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University of Georgia
1.
Vasudevan, Srividya.
The functions of the cullin-2-ZYG-11 complex in promoting meiosis and anterior-posterior polarity in C. elegans.
Degree: PhD, Cellular Biology, 2007, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/vasudevan_srividya_200712_phd 
► Chromosome segregation is one of the most important events in the life cycle of a cell. Unequal segregation of chromosomes is the cause of a…
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▼ Chromosome segregation is one of the most important events in the life cycle of a cell. Unequal segregation of chromosomes is the cause of a number of disorders in humans and other organisms. In this study we demonstrate that in
Caenorhabditis elegans, the ubiquitin ligase CUL-2 is required for chromosome segregation during meiosis. In cul-2 mutant zygotes, the maternal chromosomes fail to complete the second meiotic division. Inspection of chromosome and spindle dynamics has revealed that in cul-2 zygotes the meiotic apparatus spends an extended amount of time in the metaphase configuration and fails to proceed towards anaphase. During the metaphase II arrest, premature establishment of anterior-posterior polarity and cytoskeletal defects are observed in the zygote. A second gene, zyg-11, has similar meiosis defects as cul-2. In this report we demonstrate that ZYG-11 serves as a substrate recognition subunit for the CUL-2 ubiquitin ligase. Here we find that ZYG-11 interacts with the CUL-2 complex adaptor Elongin C through a nematode specific VHL box motif. ZYG-11 homologs in C.
elegans and humans also function as substrate recognition subunits of CUL-2. ZYG-11 To identify the substrates of the CUL-2 complex we have undertaken a zyg-11 suppressor screen. We anticipate that this screen will identify novel cell cycle regulators that will explain the complex phenotypes observed in cul-2 and zyg-11 mutants.
Advisors/Committee Members: Edward Kipreos.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Vasudevan, S. (2007). The functions of the cullin-2-ZYG-11 complex in promoting meiosis and anterior-posterior polarity in C. elegans. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/vasudevan_srividya_200712_phd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Vasudevan, Srividya. “The functions of the cullin-2-ZYG-11 complex in promoting meiosis and anterior-posterior polarity in C. elegans.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/vasudevan_srividya_200712_phd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Vasudevan, Srividya. “The functions of the cullin-2-ZYG-11 complex in promoting meiosis and anterior-posterior polarity in C. elegans.” 2007. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Vasudevan S. The functions of the cullin-2-ZYG-11 complex in promoting meiosis and anterior-posterior polarity in C. elegans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2007. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/vasudevan_srividya_200712_phd.
Council of Science Editors:
Vasudevan S. The functions of the cullin-2-ZYG-11 complex in promoting meiosis and anterior-posterior polarity in C. elegans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2007. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/vasudevan_srividya_200712_phd
University of Georgia
2.
Bosu, Dimple Rani.
CAND-1 and regulation of cullin RING ubiquitin ligases in C. elegans.
Degree: PhD, Cellular Biology, 2008, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/bosu_dimple_r_200812_phd
► Cullins function in multisubunit ubiquitin ligase (E3) complexes to promote the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of substrates and regulate a wide range of cellular processes. CAND1 is…
(more)
▼ Cullins function in multisubunit ubiquitin ligase (E3) complexes to promote the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of substrates and regulate a wide range of cellular processes. CAND1 is a HEAT repeat protein that binds to cullins and regulates their ubiquitin ligase activity by inhibiting the formation of full E3 complexes. All cullins are modified by the covalent linkage of Nedd8, which is a ubiquitin-like protein that is required for full cullin activity. CAND1 cannot bind a cullin that is neddylated but it forms tight complexes with the unneddylated form of cullins. It was originally believed that neddylation of CUL1 bound to CAND1 could dissociate CAND1 and trigger active SCF complex formation (Jidong Liu, Molecular Cell, December 2002). However, more recent biochemical analysis and the crystal structure of CAND1 bound to CUL1 revealed that neddylation can not decouple CAND1 from CUL1 (Goldenberg, Cell, November 2004). Currently, it is not known how CAND1 that is bound to a cullin can be dissociated, or the physiological significance of CAND1 binding to cullin proteins in vivo.
In this study we determined the roles of CAND-1 in modulating the functions of the C.
elegans cullins. C.
elegans has only a single CAND1 ortholog: cand-1( Y102A5A.1). We have identified CAND-1 as a major component of CUL-2 and CUL-4 complexes. Analysis with the yeast two-hybrid system indicates that both the N- and C-terminal domains of CAND-1 interact with all six C.
elegans cullin proteins. The mutant phenotype of cand-1 does not show any major cullin loss of function phenotypes. We have determined the neddylation level of CUL-2 and CUL-4 in cand-1 mutant and found that the level of neddylation increased substantially for both cullins, indicating that CAND-1 negatively regulates neddylation in vivo. We also carried out a genomic screen for cand-1 enhancers, and found 18 enhancers that are potential regulator(s) of CAND-1 and the CRLs (Cullin Ring ubiquitin Ligase) activation cycle.
Advisors/Committee Members: Edward Kipreos.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Bosu, D. R. (2008). CAND-1 and regulation of cullin RING ubiquitin ligases in C. elegans. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/bosu_dimple_r_200812_phd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bosu, Dimple Rani. “CAND-1 and regulation of cullin RING ubiquitin ligases in C. elegans.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/bosu_dimple_r_200812_phd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bosu, Dimple Rani. “CAND-1 and regulation of cullin RING ubiquitin ligases in C. elegans.” 2008. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Bosu DR. CAND-1 and regulation of cullin RING ubiquitin ligases in C. elegans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/bosu_dimple_r_200812_phd.
Council of Science Editors:
Bosu DR. CAND-1 and regulation of cullin RING ubiquitin ligases in C. elegans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2008. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/bosu_dimple_r_200812_phd
University of Georgia
3.
Ma, Hongbo.
Use of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, to evaluate bioavailability and toxicity of transition metals and manufactured zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Degree: PhD, Toxicology, 2009, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/ma_hongbo_200908_phd
► The free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, has been suggested as an excellent model organism in ecotoxicological studies. This dissertation examines the use of C. elegans to…
(more)
▼ The free-living nematode,
Caenorhabditis elegans, has been suggested as an excellent model organism in ecotoxicological studies. This dissertation examines the use of C.
elegans to evaluate bioavailability and toxicity of transition metals and manufactured zinc oxide nanoparticles. A transgenic strain of C.
elegans using metallothionein-II promoter to drive green fluorescence protein reporter (mtl-2
Advisors/Committee Members: Phillip L. Williams.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Ma, H. (2009). Use of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, to evaluate bioavailability and toxicity of transition metals and manufactured zinc oxide nanoparticles. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/ma_hongbo_200908_phd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ma, Hongbo. “Use of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, to evaluate bioavailability and toxicity of transition metals and manufactured zinc oxide nanoparticles.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/ma_hongbo_200908_phd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ma, Hongbo. “Use of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, to evaluate bioavailability and toxicity of transition metals and manufactured zinc oxide nanoparticles.” 2009. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Ma H. Use of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, to evaluate bioavailability and toxicity of transition metals and manufactured zinc oxide nanoparticles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/ma_hongbo_200908_phd.
Council of Science Editors:
Ma H. Use of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, to evaluate bioavailability and toxicity of transition metals and manufactured zinc oxide nanoparticles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2009. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/ma_hongbo_200908_phd
University of Georgia
4.
Kim, Youngjo.
The functions of C. elegans CUL-4/DDB-1 complexes in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation.
Degree: PhD, Cellular Biology, 2007, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/kim_youngjo_200708_phd
► The replication of genomic DNA is strictly regulated to occur only once per cell cycle. This regulation centers on the temporal-restriction of replication licensing factor…
(more)
▼ The replication of genomic DNA is strictly regulated to occur only once per cell cycle. This regulation centers on the temporal-restriction of replication licensing factor activity. In all eukaryotic species examined, the regulation of Cdt1 is critical to prevent re-replication. In humans, two distinct ubiquitin ligase (E3) complexes, CUL4/DDB1 and SCF(Skp2), have been shown to target the replication licensing factor Cdt1 for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. However, it is unclear to what extent these two distinct Cdt1 degradation pathways are conserved. The work described here shows that C.
elegans CUL-4/DDB-1 functions as the major E3 ligase to target CDT-1 for degradation. A ddb-1 null mutant exhibits extensive DNA re-replication in post-embryonic blast cells, similar to what is observed in cul-4(RNAi) larvae. In contrast, SKPT-1 has no appreciable role in CDT-1 degradation during S phase. This dissertation also describes additional CUL-4/DDB-1 functions. The CUL-4/DDB-1 complex is required to target the degradation of the CIP/KIP family CKI-1 and cyclin E homolog CYE-1. It is shown that CKI-1 is required for DNA re-replication associated with loss of CUL-4 or DDB-1. Evidence is provided that the ÔWDXRÕ motif protein CDT-2 functions as the SRS (substrate recognition subunit) for a C.
elegans CUL-4/DDB-1 complex that targets the degradation of CKI-1. CDT-2 is required to target both CDT-1 and CKI-1 for degradation. CDT-2 can directly bind to both CDT-1 and CKI-1, as expected for an SRS. Germ cells in ddb-1 mutants and cul-4(RNAi) larvae exhibit corrupted cell and nucleolar morphology. The ddb-1 mutant germ cells do not exhibit re-replication phenotypes, suggesting that the CUL-4/DDB-1 ubiquitin ligase is required for germ cell integrity independently of its known function in regulating DNA replication. It is shown that a ÔWDXRÕ motif protein VprBP phenocopies ddb-1 in the germ cells, suggesting that it functions as an SRS to regulate germ cell integrity. In total, this work demonstrates that the C.
elegans CUL-4/DDB-1 E3 ligase is a central regulator that controls the extent of DNA replication, is required for germ cell viability, and regulates the critical cell cycle regulators CKI-1 and cyclin E.
Advisors/Committee Members: Edward T. Kipreos.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Kim, Y. (2007). The functions of C. elegans CUL-4/DDB-1 complexes in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/kim_youngjo_200708_phd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kim, Youngjo. “The functions of C. elegans CUL-4/DDB-1 complexes in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/kim_youngjo_200708_phd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kim, Youngjo. “The functions of C. elegans CUL-4/DDB-1 complexes in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation.” 2007. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Kim Y. The functions of C. elegans CUL-4/DDB-1 complexes in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2007. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/kim_youngjo_200708_phd.
Council of Science Editors:
Kim Y. The functions of C. elegans CUL-4/DDB-1 complexes in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2007. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/kim_youngjo_200708_phd
University of Georgia
5.
Melstrom, Paul Cory.
The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, as a model for mammalian cholinergic neurotoxicity.
Degree: PhD, Toxicology, 2007, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/melstrom_paul_c_200708_phd
► Assessing the toxicity of compounds acting on the nervous system has proved to be difficult, as measurable endpoints are often subjective and fraught with confounding…
(more)
▼ Assessing the toxicity of compounds acting on the nervous system has proved to be difficult, as measurable endpoints are often subjective and fraught with confounding variables. This dissertation examines the potential of
Caenorhabditis elegans to serve as a toxicological model for mammalian neurotoxicity. The intent is to focus on one component of C. elegans’ nervous system, the cholinergic nervous system, and determine how its responses to well-characterized agonists and antagonists compare to the responses of mammals. The literature pertaining to the acetylcholinesterase enzymes and the acetylcholinergic receptors of C.
elegans is reviewed, as well as the literature pertaining to toxicological studies using C.
elegans. In the first experiment, C.
elegans was exposed to the reversible AChE-inhibitor carbamate class of pesticides in order to determine whether the endpoint, movement, could be used with reversible compounds by predicting their relative potencies in mammals. Given the functional redundancy of C. elegans’ AChE enzymes, movement was measured to assess whether there was a difference in the contributions of either of the two main classes of AChE enzymes, and whether this difference influences the sensitivity of measuring movement in the second experiment. Next, agonists and antagonists that are well-characterized in ACh-activated receptors of vertebrates and some nematode species were exposed to C.
elegans, and measuring movement was used to determine whether their actions would be the same in C.
elegans. Finally, some preliminary work on a new method to recover C.
elegans from soil for toxicity testing is discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Phillip L. Williams.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Melstrom, P. C. (2007). The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, as a model for mammalian cholinergic neurotoxicity. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/melstrom_paul_c_200708_phd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Melstrom, Paul Cory. “The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, as a model for mammalian cholinergic neurotoxicity.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/melstrom_paul_c_200708_phd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Melstrom, Paul Cory. “The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, as a model for mammalian cholinergic neurotoxicity.” 2007. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Melstrom PC. The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, as a model for mammalian cholinergic neurotoxicity. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2007. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/melstrom_paul_c_200708_phd.
Council of Science Editors:
Melstrom PC. The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, as a model for mammalian cholinergic neurotoxicity. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2007. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/melstrom_paul_c_200708_phd
Baylor University
6.
Thogmartin, Amanda K.
Investigation of the role of ipp-5 and lfe-2 in the IP3 signaling pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans ovulation.
Degree: Biology., 2010, Baylor University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/7977
► C. elegans provides a useful system with which to study signaling pathways, giving information that can be applied to many organisms. The use of RNA…
(more)
▼ C.
elegans provides a useful system with which to study signaling pathways, giving information that can be applied to many organisms. The use of RNA interference can be used to study the genes involved in many different pathways, including the inositol triphosphate (IP3) signaling pathway. This pathway is involved in maintaining contractions necessary for C.
elegans ovulation. Using an RNAi feeding protocol, expression of several protein synthesis and cell signaling genes were knocked down, causing sterility in the wild-type worm. Sterility was rescued in mutants having a constitutively active IP3 receptor (itr-1 (sy290)), revealing that the genes were somehow involved in IP3 signaling. Use of worms with mutant backgrounds of ipp-5 and lfe-2, which are involved in negatively regulating IP3, showed that lfe-2 expression is solely in the spermatheca. When RNAi of ribosomal genes is performed in this mutant, sterility is able to be rescued.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lee, Myeongwoo (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans.
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APA (6th Edition):
Thogmartin, A. K. (2010). Investigation of the role of ipp-5 and lfe-2 in the IP3 signaling pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans ovulation.
(Thesis). Baylor University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2104/7977
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Thogmartin, Amanda K. “Investigation of the role of ipp-5 and lfe-2 in the IP3 signaling pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans ovulation.
” 2010. Thesis, Baylor University. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/2104/7977.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Thogmartin, Amanda K. “Investigation of the role of ipp-5 and lfe-2 in the IP3 signaling pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans ovulation.
” 2010. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Thogmartin AK. Investigation of the role of ipp-5 and lfe-2 in the IP3 signaling pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans ovulation.
[Internet] [Thesis]. Baylor University; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/7977.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Thogmartin AK. Investigation of the role of ipp-5 and lfe-2 in the IP3 signaling pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans ovulation.
[Thesis]. Baylor University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/7977
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Rutgers University
7.
Bai, Zhiyong, 1982-.
A study of retrograde transport using Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal cells as a model.
Degree: PhD, Cell and Developmental Biology, 2015, Rutgers University
URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48386/
► Endocytosis mediates the internalization of cell surface proteins and lipids in small vesicles that bud from the plasma membrane and deliver their cargo to endosomes.…
(more)
▼ Endocytosis mediates the internalization of cell surface proteins and lipids in small vesicles that bud from the plasma membrane and deliver their cargo to endosomes. When cargo proteins reach the endosomes, one important pathway that they may follow is retrograde transport, in which cargos are delivered from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. The role of the recycling endosome in retrograde transport has not been studied well in the past. We use C. elegans, especially the intestinal cells, as model to study retrograde trafficking, employing a combination of genetics, cell biology, biochemistry and molecular biology tools. We discovered that CDC-42/TOCAs/PARs/WAVE localize to the recycling endosome, and regulate retrograde transport at a step from Recycling endosome to Trans-Golgi Network. When missing functional CDC-42/TOCAs/PARs/WAVE, MIG-14/Wntless is misdirected to the late endosome/lysosome during post-endocytic sorting, and steady-state MIG-14 protein levels are strongly reduced. Neuronal polarity defects in mechanosensory neurons ALM are also observed under these conditions, consistent with a defect in MIG-14-dependent WNT signaling. Interestingly, we also found that mutants lacking retromer components SNX-3, VPS-35, VPS-26, or VPS-29, that aberrantly degrade MIG-14 during retrograde transport, also aberrantly degrade the human Transferrin receptor during early endosome to recycling endosome transport. Furthermore, we tested TGN-38, the worm homolog of a well known retrograde cargo TGN38 that passes through the recycling endosome. When missing functional CDC-42, TGN-38 is mainly trapped at the recycling endosome, while upon loss of functional SNX-3, TGN-38 is trapped at the early endosome. These results suggest CDC-42/TOCAs/PARs/WAVE regulate retrograde transport at a step from Recycling endosome to the Trans-Golgi Network after SNX-3/VPS-35/VPS-26/VPS-29, which regulates early endosome to recycling endosome transport. Lastly, we obtained evidence that CDC-42/TOCAs/PARs/WAVE complex may use clathrin/AP-1 vesicles, and that OCRL-1/CKII may work with CDC-42/TOCAs/PARs/WAVE and regulate retrograde transport from the recycling endosome to Trans-Golgi Network. We hope that our work will shed light on the study of intracellular trafficking, especially retrograde transport.
Advisors/Committee Members: Barr, Maureen (chair), Grant, Barth (co-chair), Rongo, Christopher (internal member), Kramer, Sunita (outside member).
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Bai, Zhiyong, 1. (2015). A study of retrograde transport using Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal cells as a model. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48386/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bai, Zhiyong, 1982-. “A study of retrograde transport using Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal cells as a model.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Rutgers University. Accessed December 13, 2019.
https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48386/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bai, Zhiyong, 1982-. “A study of retrograde transport using Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal cells as a model.” 2015. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Bai, Zhiyong 1. A study of retrograde transport using Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal cells as a model. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48386/.
Council of Science Editors:
Bai, Zhiyong 1. A study of retrograde transport using Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal cells as a model. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2015. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48386/
Columbia University
8.
Deng, Yuting.
Novel negative regulation of LIN-12/Notch in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Degree: 2016, Columbia University
URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8KS6RVT
► Proper cell fate specification is crucial for development, and dysregulation in cellular signaling pathways can lead to deleterious effects like cancer. The conserved LIN- 12/Notch…
(more)
▼ Proper cell fate specification is crucial for development, and dysregulation in cellular signaling pathways can lead to deleterious effects like cancer. The conserved LIN- 12/Notch signaling pathway mediates fate specification in many cellular contexts, and multiple regulatory mechanisms ensures appropriate LIN-12/Notch activity in each context. Here, I have identified several cis-regulatory domains and trans-acting factors that contribute to the negative regulation of LIN-12/Notch in Caenorhabditis elegans.
In this thesis, I find that LIN-12/Notch requires binding to LAG-1/CSL and association with the nuclear complex for protein turnover in the C. elegans vulval precursor cells (VPCs). I also identify two layers of negative regulation in the VPCs and their descendants. The E3 ubiquitin ligase SEL-10/Fbw7 mediates degradation of LIN-12/Notch via the PEST domain in the VPCs, while a novel structural conformation in the C-terminal end of the LIN-12/Notch intracellular domain is required for downregulation in the descendants.
Through an RNAi screen for negative regulators, I isolated 13 conserved kinases that downregulate LIN-12/Notch activity. Of these 13 kinases, CDK-8 had been previously implicated in Notch turnover, while the other 12 are novel negative regulators. I provide evidence that 5 of the kinases regulate LIN-12/Notch through modulation of the intracellular domain. Furthermore, I conduct a deeper investigation into CDK-8, which is the kinase component of the Mediator complex. I determine that CDK-8 acts with the rest of the Cdk8 Kinase Module and independent of the Mediator core to negatively regulate LIN-12/Notch, and that CDK-8 kinase activity is required for this process. Lastly, I find that sur-2/MED23 and lin-25/MED24 are required for LIN-12/Notch ligand transcription, independent of the Cdk8 Kinase Module and Mediator Head and Tail components.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans – Genetics; Genetics; Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Deng, Y. (2016). Novel negative regulation of LIN-12/Notch in Caenorhabditis elegans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8KS6RVT
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Deng, Yuting. “Novel negative regulation of LIN-12/Notch in Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed December 13, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.7916/D8KS6RVT.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Deng, Yuting. “Novel negative regulation of LIN-12/Notch in Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2016. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Deng Y. Novel negative regulation of LIN-12/Notch in Caenorhabditis elegans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8KS6RVT.
Council of Science Editors:
Deng Y. Novel negative regulation of LIN-12/Notch in Caenorhabditis elegans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8KS6RVT
University of Aberdeen
9.
Harrison, Neale.
Mutational analysis of α-catenin in C. elegans.
Degree: 2009, University of Aberdeen
URL: http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=56259
;
http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509158
► The long held view of adherens junctions being a rigid complex has recently been questioned. At the centre of this is α-catenin and the finding…
(more)
▼ The long held view of adherens junctions being a rigid complex has recently been questioned. At the centre of this is α-catenin and the finding that it can not bind both β-catenin and actin simultaneously. Isolation of a viable α-catenin mutant in the <i>C. elegans </i>homologue <i>hmp-1 </i>provided an excellent opportunity to study this dogma for the first time in a whole organism. The work presented in this thesis aimed to characterise this mutation (<i>hmp-1(fe4)</i>) and isolate any potential suppressors of it. On isolation of suppressors, these were used along with <i>hmp-1(fe4) </i>to investigate α-catenin/<i>hmp-1</i>s role at adherens junctions and how this overlaps with its role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton. This study has demonstrated that a number of suppressors of <i>hmp-1(fe4) </i>do exist and that they are all intragenic. In addition, the suppressors are capable of complementing a <i>hmp-1 </i>null strain in <i>hmp-1(fe4)</i>s absence. Further analysis of these mutations by GFP labelling revealed that these mutations alter the proteins pattern of localisation. It is thought that this alteration in localisation is the cause for the suppressor’s suppressive effect on <i>hmp-1(fe4).</i> Finally the characterisation of a random <i>C. elegans </i>mutant that arose from the <i>hmp-1(fe4)</i> study but was initially not related to it was later shown to have a synthetic lethal effect when in combination with <i>hmp-1(fe4) </i>and therefore a role that is dependent on a fully function α-catenin/<i>hmp-1.</i>
Subjects/Keywords: 572.8; Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Harrison, N. (2009). Mutational analysis of α-catenin in C. elegans. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Aberdeen. Retrieved from http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=56259 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509158
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Harrison, Neale. “Mutational analysis of α-catenin in C. elegans.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Aberdeen. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=56259 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509158.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Harrison, Neale. “Mutational analysis of α-catenin in C. elegans.” 2009. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Harrison N. Mutational analysis of α-catenin in C. elegans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Aberdeen; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=56259 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509158.
Council of Science Editors:
Harrison N. Mutational analysis of α-catenin in C. elegans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Aberdeen; 2009. Available from: http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=56259 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509158
California State University – East Bay
10.
Sakaldasis, George.
Expression Analysis of the sax-2 Gene in C. elegans.
Degree: MSin Biological Sciences, 2009, California State University – East Bay
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/135584
► sax-2 is a conserved gene that encodes a large protein that participates in neurite termination and tiling in the mechanosensory neurons of C. elegans. Specifically,…
(more)
▼ sax-2 is a conserved gene that encodes a large protein that participates in neurite
termination and tiling in the mechanosensory neurons of C.
elegans. Specifically, the
PLM neurite fails to terminate properly in sax-2 mutants leading to overlap of anterior
and posterior mechanosensory neurons. How sax-2 participates in neuron termination or
maintenance of neuron morphology is unknown. Also, outside of neurons, little is known
about sax-2 expression. To better understand how sax-2 functions, this study uses
reporter fusion constructs to characterize the global expression and sub-cellular
localization of sax-2. Furthermore, we provide evidence that 2 predicted isoforms of sax-2 do indeed exist and are independently expressed. Using promoter fusions, we show
that the first isoform consisting of all possible exons, is expressed through all
developmental stages of the animal in a variety of cells including neurons. The second
isoform is a truncated version of sax-2 and consists of exons 25-32. We show that this
isoform is independently expressed from a promoter located in a large intron upstream of
exon 25 in full length sax-2. The second isoform is expressed during embryogenesis and
early larval stages, coinciding temporally with the outgrowth of the PLM neurite. It is
not expressed during later larval stages or in the adult animal during maintenance of
neuron morphology. Furthermore, expression appears to be strongest in cells of the
embryo that mature to become the PLM neurons. Preliminary evidence based on timing
of expression suggests that the 2nd isoform of sax-2 may also play a role in the
development of PLM, specifically outgrowth of the neurite. Furthermore, reporter constructs engineered for this study were designed to allow for easy cloning of any C.
elegans gene using Gateway cloning or T A cloning via Xcml digestion.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gallegos, Dr. Maria (advisor), Baysdorfer, Dr. Christoph W. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans – Genetics
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APA (6th Edition):
Sakaldasis, G. (2009). Expression Analysis of the sax-2 Gene in C. elegans. (Masters Thesis). California State University – East Bay. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/135584
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sakaldasis, George. “Expression Analysis of the sax-2 Gene in C. elegans.” 2009. Masters Thesis, California State University – East Bay. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/135584.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sakaldasis, George. “Expression Analysis of the sax-2 Gene in C. elegans.” 2009. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Sakaldasis G. Expression Analysis of the sax-2 Gene in C. elegans. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. California State University – East Bay; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/135584.
Council of Science Editors:
Sakaldasis G. Expression Analysis of the sax-2 Gene in C. elegans. [Masters Thesis]. California State University – East Bay; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/135584
Oregon State University
11.
Wernick, Riana I.
Evolutionary Genomic Responses to Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Degree: PhD, Zoology, 2016, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59186
► Understanding the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on genome evolution has the potential not only to provide new insights on the basic evolutionary processes influencing mitochondrial…
(more)
▼ Understanding the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on genome evolution has the potential not only to provide new insights on the basic evolutionary processes influencing mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, but may also reveal novel avenues for evolutionary adaptive recovery from harmful mutations. Aberrant mitochondrial activity is fundamental to the pathology of mitochondrial diseases in addition to neurodegenerative disorders. While the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction have received much attention, less is known about their impact on genome evolution and potential target mechanisms for ameliorating the harmful effects of mitochondrial impairment. Characterizing genome modifications in animal populations predisposed to mitochondrial dysfunction may identify novel genes, mechanisms, and physiological pathways to target for recovery and provides a genome-wide perspective on the impact of aberrant mitochondrial activity.
This dissertation research investigates how mitochondrial and nuclear genomes evolve in organisms genetically predisposed to mitochondrial dysfunction and contrasts genomic evolution in large and small population sizes. This work furthers understanding of the impact of evolutionary forces which influence genome evolution in population with reduced fitness, and reveals new insights into genomic responses to mitochondrial dysfunction. Chapters 2 and 3 of this dissertation focus on genome evolution using a set of mitochondrial respiratory chain mutant (gas-1¬ strain) and wild-type (N2 strain)
Caenorhabditis elegans mutation-accumulation (MA) lines that experienced single-worm bottlenecking. The N2 MA lines, derived from a previous experiment, were bottlenecked for 250 generations. The gas-1 MA lines were created for this research, and bottlenecked in the laboratory for a maximum of 50 generations. Chapter 2 investigates mitogenomic evolution and heteroplasmic inheritance patterns evolving under extreme drift in gas-1 and N2 MA lines. Chapter 3 analyzes nuclear genome evolution using this same set of gas-1 and N2 MA lines. In contrast, Chapter 4 provides a complementary perspective, analyzing mitochondrial and nuclear genome evolution in twenty-four gas-1 'recovery line' (RC) populations, evolved in large population sizes for sixty generations. Bioinformatic methods and computational simulations were applied to characterize and evaluate genome evolution and provide a comprehensive investigation of the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction within a population genetics framework.
In Chapter 2 our results of inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmy are in alignment with predictions of theories where a small subset of mtDNA molecules from the parental generation repopulates the mitochondrial genome pool for the progeny. Comparisons between Chapter 2 and 4 suggest that in both gas-1 and N2 strains organelle genome copy number is elevated in an environment characterized with extreme genetic drift but is less impacted throughout evolution in large populations when the force of genetic drift is…
Advisors/Committee Members: Denver, Dee R. (advisor), Perez, Viviana (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Mitochondria; Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Wernick, R. I. (2016). Evolutionary Genomic Responses to Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Caenorhabditis elegans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59186
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wernick, Riana I. “Evolutionary Genomic Responses to Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59186.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wernick, Riana I. “Evolutionary Genomic Responses to Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2016. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Wernick RI. Evolutionary Genomic Responses to Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Caenorhabditis elegans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59186.
Council of Science Editors:
Wernick RI. Evolutionary Genomic Responses to Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Caenorhabditis elegans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59186
Rutgers University
12.
Shi, Anbing, 1974-.
Regulation of endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Degree: PhD, Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, 2010, Rutgers University
URL: http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000053159
► Eukaryotic endocytic pathway is important for the uptake, sorting, and the subsequential recycling or degradation processes of various cargos. It has been shown that the…
(more)
▼ Eukaryotic endocytic pathway is important for the uptake, sorting, and the subsequential recycling or degradation processes of various cargos. It has been shown that the RME-1/EHD1 is a critical regulator of endocytic recycling. In C. elegans and MDCK cells, small GTPase RAB-10 has been specifically implicated in clathrin-independent cargo recycling. Alternatively, some cargos will be recycled from sorting endosomes to Golgi, and retromer complex was shown to be crucial for this transport in yeast and mammalian cells. In our studies, we analyzed RME-1 and RAB-10 regulated recycling pathway, exploring additional players in the process. First, we demonstrated that ALX-1 is required for endocytic recycling of specific basolateral cargo. The interaction of ALX-1 with RME-1 is required for this recycling process. In our yeast two-hybrid screen for RAB-10-interacting proteins, EHBP-1 and Arf6 GAP/CNT-1 were recovered and revealed to function together with RAB-10 regulating clathrin-independent cargo recycling. Loss of either EHBP-1 or CNT-1 produced rab-10-like cargo transport defects. Furthermore, we showed that EHBP-1 functions, as an unconventional effector, upstream of RAB-10. Nevertheless, similar to canonical Rab effectors, CNT-1 requires RAB-10 for the proper endosome localization. Collectively, our results demonstrate the functional connections of ALX-1/RME-1 and RAB-10/EHBP-1/CNT-1, provided insights into the detail mechanisms of RME-1 and RAB-10 recycling regulation. We also studied the retromer regulated retrograde transport in C. elegans. We demonstrated the physical interaction of RME-8 with retromer component ALX-1. Additionally, we showed that loss-of-function in rme-8 or snx-1, or depletion of C. elegans Hsc70 (HSP-1) by RNAi, disrupts endosome to Golgi transport of the retromer-dependent cargo protein MIG-14. Furthermore, we identified a previously unsuspected mechanism for the regulation of endosomal clathrin that is required for retrograde transport. We showed that loss of either RME-8, SNX-1 or HSP-1 leads to endosomal clathrin dynamics defect. Our work indicates that, through RME-8 and Hsc70, the retromer acts to limit clathrin accumulation, a prerequisite for the recycling of retrograde cargo.
Includes abstract
Advisors/Committee Members: Shi, Anbing, 1974- (author), Padgett, Richard W (chair), Grant, Barth D (internal member), Rongo, Christopher (internal member), Lobel, Peter (outside member).
Subjects/Keywords: Endocytosis; Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Shi, Anbing, 1. (2010). Regulation of endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rutgers University. Retrieved from http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000053159
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shi, Anbing, 1974-. “Regulation of endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rutgers University. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000053159.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shi, Anbing, 1974-. “Regulation of endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2010. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Shi, Anbing 1. Regulation of endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000053159.
Council of Science Editors:
Shi, Anbing 1. Regulation of endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000053159
Rutgers University
13.
Salazar-Vasquez, Nathaly, 1986-.
Identification and characterization of genes that regulate mitochondrial dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Degree: PhD, Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, 2018, Rutgers University
URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/59220/
► Mitochondria are essential organelles for eukaryotic cells, particularly for neurons, which have high-energy demands and do not store glycolytic reserves. Instead, neurons rely on mitochondrial…
(more)
▼ Mitochondria are essential organelles for eukaryotic cells, particularly for neurons, which have high-energy demands and do not store glycolytic reserves. Instead, neurons rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to meet their energy demands. In addition to energy generation, mitochondria also mediate processes as diverse as sugar and fatty acid breakdown, steroid and lipid synthesis, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. Given the critical role of mitochondria in cellular physiology, mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the etiology of multiple diseases and disorders.
Mitochondrial function is regulated by changes in organelle size, number, and morphology, and these mitochondrial dynamics are the result of the balanced processes of fission/fusion and mitophagy. In addition, mitochondria interact with various motor and adaptor proteins for mitochondrial transport within the cell, which is particularly important for meeting the energy needs of distal synapses in neurons. Fission, fusion, mitophagy and transport have been found to be fairly conserved across various organisms. Some of the genes that mediate these processes are known, but we do not fully understand how they are regulated, how they are coordinated with each other or how these processes change in response to stress or age. Overall, much remains to be understood with respect to mitochondrial dynamics and transport, specifically in neurons.
In the following thesis work I used the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to study mitochondria in neurons. I examined how the dynamics of fusion and fission are affected in response to oxygen deprivation. In addition, I performed a forward genetic screen to identify novel proteins that may play a role or regulate aspects of mitochondrial dynamics and transport in the neuron even under non-stress conditions. Through this screen, I found new alleles of a known player, DRP-1, in the fission pathway. I also identified two novel genes, MTX-2 and UNC-44, that may play a role in the transport of mitochondria out of the cell body. Finally, in collaboration with postdoc Natalia Morsci, I examined how microtubule motors and the fission/fusion machinery work together to regulate mitochondrial dynamics in the C. elegans neuron.
These findings point the fact that although the basic machinery of mitochondrial dynamics and transport is somewhat understood, in the neuron and potentially other types of cells, there are additional genes that play important roles. Understanding more about these biological processes can shine light on disruptions of mitochondrial dynamics and transport that are linked to human health.
Advisors/Committee Members: Rongo, Christopher (chair), Firestein, Bonnie (internal member), Driscoll, Monica (internal member), Cai, Qian (internal member), School of Graduate Studies.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans; Mitochondria
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APA (6th Edition):
Salazar-Vasquez, Nathaly, 1. (2018). Identification and characterization of genes that regulate mitochondrial dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/59220/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Salazar-Vasquez, Nathaly, 1986-. “Identification and characterization of genes that regulate mitochondrial dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Rutgers University. Accessed December 13, 2019.
https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/59220/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Salazar-Vasquez, Nathaly, 1986-. “Identification and characterization of genes that regulate mitochondrial dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2018. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Salazar-Vasquez, Nathaly 1. Identification and characterization of genes that regulate mitochondrial dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/59220/.
Council of Science Editors:
Salazar-Vasquez, Nathaly 1. Identification and characterization of genes that regulate mitochondrial dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2018. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/59220/
Rutgers University
14.
Raduwan, Hamidah, 1988-.
The RhoGAPs RGA-8/RICH-1/SH3BP1 and HUM-7/Myo9 regulate actomyosin enrichment during C. elegans embryonic morphogenesis.
Degree: PhD, Cell and Developmental Biology, 2019, Rutgers University
URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/60048/
► Organ and tissue formation are highly regulated processes during embryonic development. Defects in this process can lead to birth defects, or premature death. The complexity…
(more)
▼ Organ and tissue formation are highly regulated processes during embryonic development. Defects in this process can lead to birth defects, or premature death. The complexity of vertebrate tissues complicates the study of organ and tissue embryonic development. Epidermal morphogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an ideal model to study tissue morphogenesis in whole organisms. C. elegans is amenable to genetics and microscopy observation, allowing us to capture live imaging of the migrating tissues. Previous studies from our lab identified a Rac1-dependent branched actin pathway as an important regulator of epidermal cell migration during this process. However, the role of actomyosin contractility during this process was unclear. Actin dynamics and actomyosin contractility are regulated by the Rho GTPases protein family. Rac1 and Cdc42 promote branched actin formation, while Cdc42 and RhoA promote actomyosin contractility. Rho GTPases are molecular switches that become activated by binding to GTP, and deactivated by hydrolyzing GTP to become GDP. The cycle of GTP- and GDP- binding is regulated by GTP exchange factor proteins (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), respectively. C. elegans only has seven members of Rho GTPases, but 23 GAPs, suggesting layers of regulation in
ii
the process of branched actin formation and actomyosin contractility. In this study we performed the first characterization of two RhoGAPs, RGA-8/RICH-1/SH3BP1 and HUM-7/Myo9 and show that they regulate morphogenesis in C. elegans by modulating RHO-1/RhoA and CDC-42. We show that RGA-8/RICH-1/SH3BP1 and HUM-7/Myo9 regulate myosin enrichment during morphogenesis, including at the epidermal pocket cells during ventral enclosure. Previous studies proposed actomyosin contractility is mainly required in underlying neuroblasts to promote epidermal cell migrations. In contrast, the results here show that myosin is polarized, and tightly regulated in the migrating epidermal cells, by RGA-8/RICH- 1/SH3BP1 and HUM-7/Myo9. In addition, we show these proteins contribute to normal morphogenesis by regulating the timing of morphogenetic cell movements. Overall, we place the RhoGAPs HUM-7/Myo9 and RGA-8/RICH-1/SH3BP1 in pathways that regulate both actin and actomyosin contractility through RHO-1 and CDC-42, demonstrating new roles for these GTPases in embryonic epidermal morphogenesis in C. elegans.
Advisors/Committee Members: Irvine, Kenneth (chair), Soto, Martha (internal member), Wadsworth, William (internal member), Bennett, Joan (outside member), School of Graduate Studies.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans; Morphogenesis
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APA (6th Edition):
Raduwan, Hamidah, 1. (2019). The RhoGAPs RGA-8/RICH-1/SH3BP1 and HUM-7/Myo9 regulate actomyosin enrichment during C. elegans embryonic morphogenesis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/60048/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Raduwan, Hamidah, 1988-. “The RhoGAPs RGA-8/RICH-1/SH3BP1 and HUM-7/Myo9 regulate actomyosin enrichment during C. elegans embryonic morphogenesis.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Rutgers University. Accessed December 13, 2019.
https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/60048/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Raduwan, Hamidah, 1988-. “The RhoGAPs RGA-8/RICH-1/SH3BP1 and HUM-7/Myo9 regulate actomyosin enrichment during C. elegans embryonic morphogenesis.” 2019. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Raduwan, Hamidah 1. The RhoGAPs RGA-8/RICH-1/SH3BP1 and HUM-7/Myo9 regulate actomyosin enrichment during C. elegans embryonic morphogenesis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2019. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/60048/.
Council of Science Editors:
Raduwan, Hamidah 1. The RhoGAPs RGA-8/RICH-1/SH3BP1 and HUM-7/Myo9 regulate actomyosin enrichment during C. elegans embryonic morphogenesis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2019. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/60048/
Rutgers University
15.
Gleason, Adenrele Madeline, 1982-.
Endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Degree: PhD, Cell and Developmental Biology, 2016, Rutgers University
URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/51295/
► The power of conservation is exemplified in the C. elegans intestinal epithelia. As a model to study endocytic recycling, molecular transport regulators have been characterized…
(more)
▼ The power of conservation is exemplified in the C. elegans intestinal epithelia. As a model to study endocytic recycling, molecular transport regulators have been characterized in this genetically tractable system. In this dissertation, I describe the molecular requirements for Syndpin/SDPN-1 in vivo. Proteoliposome assays confirm that full-length SDPN-1 is capable of tubulating acidic liposomes in vitro. As a likely accessory protein, SDPN-1 coordinates the exit of recycling cargo from the early endosome. I propose that Syndapin/SDPN-1 facilitates this transport step through the localized recruitment of actin to early endosomes. In addition, the worm intestine provides a lucid understanding of the endosomal determinates that coordinate TGFβ signaling. We report TGFβ signaling and internalization require Clathrin-Dependent Endocytosis (CDE). Furthermore, post internalization of the receptors result in the sorting of the type I and the type II receptors into distinct molecular sorting complexes. Mutants defective in retromer-dependent recycling missort their type I SMA-6 to the lysosome and impair signaling. Alternatively, the type II receptor, DAF-4 (dauer formation defective-4) is returned through the ARF-6 (ADP-ribosylation factor-6) dependent recycling pathway.
Advisors/Committee Members: Grant, Barth D (chair).
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans; Endocytosis
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APA (6th Edition):
Gleason, Adenrele Madeline, 1. (2016). Endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/51295/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gleason, Adenrele Madeline, 1982-. “Endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Rutgers University. Accessed December 13, 2019.
https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/51295/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gleason, Adenrele Madeline, 1982-. “Endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2016. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Gleason, Adenrele Madeline 1. Endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/51295/.
Council of Science Editors:
Gleason, Adenrele Madeline 1. Endocytic recycling in Caenorhabditis elegans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2016. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/51295/
University of Georgia
16.
Zhong, Weiwei.
The functions of CUL-2 and CUL-4 in C. elegans cell cycle regulation.
Degree: PhD, Cellular Biology, 2002, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/zhong_weiwei_200208_phd
► CUL-2 and CUL-4 are members of the cullin family of ubiquitin-ligases that facilitate ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Here we demonstrate that in Caenorhabditis elegans, CUL-2 and CUL-4…
(more)
▼ CUL-2 and CUL-4 are members of the cullin family of ubiquitin-ligases that facilitate ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Here we demonstrate that in
Caenorhabditis elegans, CUL-2 and CUL-4 are both essential cell cycle regulators. CUL-2 is required at two distinct points in the cell cycle, the G1-to-S phase transition and mitosis. cul-2 mutant germ cells undergo a G1 arrest that correlates with accumulation of CKI-1, a member of the CIP/KIP family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. In cul-2 mutant embryos, mitotic chromosomes are unable to condense, leading to unequal DNA segregation, chromosome bridging, and the formation of multiple nuclei in cells. C.
elegans CUL-4 functions as a central regulator of DNA replication licensing to prevent DNA re-replication. Inactivation of CUL-4 causes massive re-replication of genomic DNA. To maintain genetic stability, eukaryotic cells must precisely replicate the entire genome only once per cell cycle. The presence of licensing proteins, such as Cdt1 and Cdc6, is required to allow the formation of pre-replicative complexes at replication origins. The removal of licensing proteins from chromatin in S phase is crucial to ensure that origins fire only once per cell cycle. Here we show that the C.
elegans orthologs of Cdt1 and Cdc6 are both required for DNA replication. Both proteins accumulate in cul-4 re-replicating cells. In wild-type, CDT-1 protein levels peak in G1 phase and drop rapidly in S phase. In cells lacking CUL-4, CDT-1 levels fail to decrease in S phase. Removal of one genomic copy of the cdt-1 gene suppresses the cul- 4 re-replication phenotype, indicating that CUL-4 prevents DNA re-replication at least partially by negatively regulating CDT-1 protein levels.
Advisors/Committee Members: Edward Kipreos.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Zhong, W. (2002). The functions of CUL-2 and CUL-4 in C. elegans cell cycle regulation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/zhong_weiwei_200208_phd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhong, Weiwei. “The functions of CUL-2 and CUL-4 in C. elegans cell cycle regulation.” 2002. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/zhong_weiwei_200208_phd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhong, Weiwei. “The functions of CUL-2 and CUL-4 in C. elegans cell cycle regulation.” 2002. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Zhong W. The functions of CUL-2 and CUL-4 in C. elegans cell cycle regulation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2002. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/zhong_weiwei_200208_phd.
Council of Science Editors:
Zhong W. The functions of CUL-2 and CUL-4 in C. elegans cell cycle regulation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2002. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/zhong_weiwei_200208_phd
University of Georgia
17.
Boyd, Windy Ann.
Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for assessing behavioral effects and soil bioavailability of environmental contaminants.
Degree: PhD, Toxicology, 2002, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/boyd_windy_a_200212_phd
► The effects of metal exposures on soil ecosystems are observed at all levels of biological organization from changes in enzyme activity at the cellular level…
(more)
▼ The effects of metal exposures on soil ecosystems are observed at all levels of biological organization from changes in enzyme activity at the cellular level to changes in nutrient cycling at the ecosystem level. A handful of standardized toxicity tests exist to assess the effects of toxicants on soil quality; however, knowledge of the effects on various species and functional groups of organisms would allow for more realistic regulations of soil use. Nematodes are the most abundant of soil mesofauna and play significant roles in nutrient cycling and availability via microbial grazing. The free-living nematode
Caenorhabditis elegans is a popular toxicity test organism in aquatic medium, sediments, and soils. The studies in this dissertation were aimed at furthering the understanding of how the results of C.
elegans toxicity tests may be affected by external factors such as soil physicochemical properties and food availability. Recently, a standardized guide on the use of C.
elegans in soil toxicity tests has been published by the American Society for Testing and Materials. This procedure was used to quantify the lethality of 48-h exposures of five metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) to C.
elegans in soils with varying texture, organic matter (OM) content, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The toxicity of the metals decreased as OM and CEC decreased. A sequential soil extraction procedure was then used to recover the metals from different fractions of the soil in an attempt to estimate the bioavailability of the metals. The sensitivity and usability of two other nematode species, Panagrellus redivivus and Pristionchus pacificus, were compared to C.
elegans using toxicity tests in soil and aquatic medium with various endpoints including lethality, reproduction, and movement. The sensitivity of the nematodes varied with the endpoint quantified. In a separate study, food availability alone was determined to affect the movement and feeding of C.
elegans after 24-h exposures in aquatic medium. When 24-h metal (Cu, Pb, and Cd) exposures were performed at different food availabilities, the toxicity of all three metals appeared to increase as food availability decreased implicating starvation as a component of decreased movement in C.
elegans behavioral assays. Decreasing the exposure to 4 h minimized the complicating effects of starvation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Phillip Williams.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Boyd, W. A. (2002). Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for assessing behavioral effects and soil bioavailability of environmental contaminants. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/boyd_windy_a_200212_phd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Boyd, Windy Ann. “Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for assessing behavioral effects and soil bioavailability of environmental contaminants.” 2002. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/boyd_windy_a_200212_phd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Boyd, Windy Ann. “Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for assessing behavioral effects and soil bioavailability of environmental contaminants.” 2002. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Boyd WA. Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for assessing behavioral effects and soil bioavailability of environmental contaminants. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2002. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/boyd_windy_a_200212_phd.
Council of Science Editors:
Boyd WA. Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for assessing behavioral effects and soil bioavailability of environmental contaminants. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2002. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/boyd_windy_a_200212_phd
University of Georgia
18.
Caldwell, Krishaun Na'Nette.
Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for free-living nematodes in vectoring human pathogenic bacteria to fruits and vegetables.
Degree: MS, Food Science, 2002, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/caldwell_krishaun_n_200208_ms
► A microbivorous free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, was studied to determine its potential role as a vector for preharvest contamination of fruits and vegetables. Propensity of…
(more)
▼ A microbivorous free-living nematode,
Caenorhabditis elegans, was studied to determine its potential role as a vector for preharvest contamination of fruits and vegetables. Propensity of the nematode to be attracted to strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7, serotypes of Salmonella, and strains of Listeria monocytogenes was investigated. The nematode was attracted to all test strains and serotypes and survived and reproduced in the presence of these bacteria for up to 7 days. The potential role freeliving nematodes may play in vectoring S. Poona to cantaloupe rind was also investigated. C.
elegans, and perhaps, other free-living nematodes may play a significant role in the preharvest dispersal of incidental human pathogens in soil to fruits and vegetables and treatment with chemical sanitizers may not be effective in reducing populations of S. Poona.
Advisors/Committee Members: Larry R. Beuchat.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Caldwell, K. N. (2002). Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for free-living nematodes in vectoring human pathogenic bacteria to fruits and vegetables. (Masters Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/caldwell_krishaun_n_200208_ms
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Caldwell, Krishaun Na'Nette. “Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for free-living nematodes in vectoring human pathogenic bacteria to fruits and vegetables.” 2002. Masters Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/caldwell_krishaun_n_200208_ms.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Caldwell, Krishaun Na'Nette. “Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for free-living nematodes in vectoring human pathogenic bacteria to fruits and vegetables.” 2002. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Caldwell KN. Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for free-living nematodes in vectoring human pathogenic bacteria to fruits and vegetables. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Georgia; 2002. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/caldwell_krishaun_n_200208_ms.
Council of Science Editors:
Caldwell KN. Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for free-living nematodes in vectoring human pathogenic bacteria to fruits and vegetables. [Masters Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2002. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/caldwell_krishaun_n_200208_ms
University of Georgia
19.
Everett, Roger Wilson.
The acute toxicity of selected metal mixtures to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
Degree: MS, Environmental Health, 2001, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/everett_roger_w_200112_ms
► Typically, a wide variety of chemicals are found concurrently in the environment, which makes identifying the contribution of individual toxicants difficult. For the purposes of…
(more)
▼ Typically, a wide variety of chemicals are found concurrently in the environment, which makes identifying the contribution of individual toxicants difficult. For the purposes of this study, the toxicity of paired metals to the nematode
Caenorhabditis elegans was investigated. Toxicity tests were designed to first determine LC50 values for single metal exposure and then the tests were rerun with a second metal present to observe the effect on the previous LC50 values. Four-day-old adult nematodes were exposed to paired combinations of Cd, Zn, Pb and Hg for 24 h without food. Exposures with paired metals showed a variety of interactions which ranged from antagonistic to synergistic effects.
Advisors/Committee Members: Phillip L. Williams.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Everett, R. W. (2001). The acute toxicity of selected metal mixtures to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. (Masters Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/everett_roger_w_200112_ms
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Everett, Roger Wilson. “The acute toxicity of selected metal mixtures to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2001. Masters Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/everett_roger_w_200112_ms.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Everett, Roger Wilson. “The acute toxicity of selected metal mixtures to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.” 2001. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Everett RW. The acute toxicity of selected metal mixtures to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Georgia; 2001. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/everett_roger_w_200112_ms.
Council of Science Editors:
Everett RW. The acute toxicity of selected metal mixtures to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. [Masters Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2001. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/everett_roger_w_200112_ms
University of Georgia
20.
Cole, Russell David.
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model of organophosphate induced mammalian neurotoxicity.
Degree: MS, Toxicology, 2003, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/cole_russell_d_200308_ms
► Research has shown a number of basic similarities between the nervous systems of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and higher animals including mammals. The purpose of…
(more)
▼ Research has shown a number of basic similarities between the nervous systems of the nematode
Caenorhabditis elegans and higher animals including mammals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity of a chemical class known to be neurotoxic in C.
elegans and compare this toxicity to that seen in mammals. The behavioral response of C.
elegans to 15 organophosphate (OP) pesticides was characterized using computer automated tracking. Toxicity was ranked and compared to the ranked toxicity of the same compounds in rats and mice. Toxic mechanism was also examined through cholinesterase activity assays performed on worms exposed to 8 of the 15 OPs. A significant correlation was found between rank order of toxicity in C.
elegans and rats and mice. Cholinesterase inhibition by some OPs was also confirmed in C.
elegans. Specific comparisons and implications concerning C. elegans’ potential as a mammalian neurotoxicity model are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Phillip L. Williams.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Cole, R. D. (2003). The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model of organophosphate induced mammalian neurotoxicity. (Masters Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/cole_russell_d_200308_ms
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cole, Russell David. “The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model of organophosphate induced mammalian neurotoxicity.” 2003. Masters Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/cole_russell_d_200308_ms.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cole, Russell David. “The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model of organophosphate induced mammalian neurotoxicity.” 2003. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Cole RD. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model of organophosphate induced mammalian neurotoxicity. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Georgia; 2003. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/cole_russell_d_200308_ms.
Council of Science Editors:
Cole RD. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model of organophosphate induced mammalian neurotoxicity. [Masters Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2003. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/cole_russell_d_200308_ms
University of Georgia
21.
Graves, Amber Lynn.
Exploring the use of transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans as a measure of soil toxicity.
Degree: MS, Toxicology, 2004, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/graves_amber_l_200405_ms
► Transgenic strains of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans carrying a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene show great potential for furthering the acceptability of using nematodes…
(more)
▼ Transgenic strains of the nematode
Caenorhabditis elegans carrying a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene show great potential for furthering the acceptability of using nematodes in soil toxicity tests. In C.
elegans GFP is well expressed, easily observed, and can be quantified in living worms. Strains exhibiting intense localized fluorescence are easier to recover both from artificial soils and from field collected soils that contain indigenous nematode populations. A transgenic strain of C.
elegans may also be useful for monitoring the bioavailability of metals. A reporter transgene consisting of a promoter from the C.
elegans metallothionein-2 gene (mtl-2) that controls the transcription of a GFP reporter was integrated into the genome of this strain. By using a fluorescent microplate reader, the toxicological response to metals can be quickly measured in these organisms.
Advisors/Committee Members: Phillip Williams.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Graves, A. L. (2004). Exploring the use of transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans as a measure of soil toxicity. (Masters Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/graves_amber_l_200405_ms
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Graves, Amber Lynn. “Exploring the use of transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans as a measure of soil toxicity.” 2004. Masters Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/graves_amber_l_200405_ms.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Graves, Amber Lynn. “Exploring the use of transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans as a measure of soil toxicity.” 2004. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Graves AL. Exploring the use of transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans as a measure of soil toxicity. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Georgia; 2004. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/graves_amber_l_200405_ms.
Council of Science Editors:
Graves AL. Exploring the use of transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans as a measure of soil toxicity. [Masters Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2004. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/graves_amber_l_200405_ms
University of Georgia
22.
Kenney, Stephen Jeffrey.
Potential role of a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, in preharvest contamination of fruits and vegetables with Salmonella Newport.
Degree: PhD, Food Science, 2004, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/kenney_stephen_j_200408_phd
► Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living nematode found in soil, has been shown to ingest human enteric pathogens, thereby potentially serving as a vector for preharvest contamination…
(more)
▼ Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living nematode found in soil, has been shown to ingest human enteric pathogens, thereby potentially serving as a vector for preharvest contamination of fruits and vegetables. Factors affecting the ability of C.
elegans to harbor pathogens in its gut and transport them to the surface of fruits and vegetables were studied. The effects of temperature and relative humidity on the survival and growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Poona, and Salmonella Newport were assessed. Populations of ingested pathogens remained constant at 4°C, decreased significantly at 20°C, and increased significantly at 37°C within 3 days. Populations of S. Newport decreased by up to 3.44 log10 cfu/worm when infected worms were incubated at 20°C and 33% relative humidity. The efficacy of cleaners commonly used in food processing plants in killing ingested pathogens was influenced by desiccation of worms. Cleaners and sanitizers were more effective in significantly (P = 0.05) reducing the number of ingested S. Newport, but none of the test cleaners or sanitizers eliminated the pathogen at all temperature/relative humidity combinations. C.
elegans migrates to bovine manure, turkey manure, composted bovine manure, composted turkey manure, and manureamended soil inoculated with S. Newport, as well as uninoculated lettuce, strawberry, and carrot on an agar medium. C.
elegans survived and reproduced in turkey and bovine manures, and the presence of S. Newport did not adversely affect its behavior. When a 5-cm column of soil containing C.
elegans was placed on top of bovine manure or bovine manure compost inoculated with S. Newport, which in turn was topped with a piece of lettuce, strawberry, or carrot, the pathogen was detected on the surface of the produce within 1 day. The pathogen was rarely detected on produce when C.
elegans was not present in the soil. In field settings, the incidence of C.
elegans ingesting human pathogens and transporting them to preharvest fruits and vegetables may be low, but on occasion this phenomenon may occur. Results from these studies reinforce the importance of sanitizing produce prior to consumption.
Advisors/Committee Members: Larry R. Beuchat.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Kenney, S. J. (2004). Potential role of a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, in preharvest contamination of fruits and vegetables with Salmonella Newport. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/kenney_stephen_j_200408_phd
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kenney, Stephen Jeffrey. “Potential role of a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, in preharvest contamination of fruits and vegetables with Salmonella Newport.” 2004. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/kenney_stephen_j_200408_phd.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kenney, Stephen Jeffrey. “Potential role of a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, in preharvest contamination of fruits and vegetables with Salmonella Newport.” 2004. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Kenney SJ. Potential role of a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, in preharvest contamination of fruits and vegetables with Salmonella Newport. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2004. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/kenney_stephen_j_200408_phd.
Council of Science Editors:
Kenney SJ. Potential role of a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, in preharvest contamination of fruits and vegetables with Salmonella Newport. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2004. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/kenney_stephen_j_200408_phd
University of Utah
23.
Welker, Noah Christopher.
The Role of Caenorhabditis Elegans Dicer in Endogenous Small RNA Silencing Pathways.
Degree: PhD, Biochemistry;, 2010, University of Utah
URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/715/rec/1217
► RNA interference (RNAi) was originally identified as a conserved biological response to exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). During this response, dsRNA is processed into 21-23 nucleotide…
(more)
▼ RNA interference (RNAi) was originally identified as a conserved biological response to exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). During this response, dsRNA is processed into 21-23 nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) by the ribonuclease III enzyme Dicer. siRNAs produced by this pathway initiate the sequence specific degradation of their cognate messenger RNAs (mRNAs). While RNAi was originally discovered as a response to exogenous dsRNA, during the time of my dissertation research, it has become clear that endogenous dsRNA is responsible for regulating many biological processes. Dicer is also responsible for processing endogenous dsRNA in the form of micro- RNAs (miRNAs) and many endogenous-siRNAs (endo-siRNAs). The effects that Dicer dependent endo-siRNAs and miRNAs have on their cognate mRNAs was unclear prior to the work described in this dissertation. In Chapter 2, I describe my work to characterize how transcripts are misregulated in C. elegans harboring a mutation in the dcr-1 gene. I found that Dicer is responsible for regulating a large number of transcripts including known and predicted miRNA targets. Among the misregulated transcripts in dcr-1 (-/-) was an enrichment for genes involved in C. elegans innate immunity. This later finding prompted me to investigate the role of Dicer's helicase domain, particularly in light of this domain's similarity to RIG-I and MDA-5, two mammalian helicases involved in innate immunity. In Chapter 3,1 describe experiments in which I reintroduced the dcr-1 gene with targeted mutations in the helicase domain into dcr-1 (-/-) C. elegans. Reintroduction of either wild-type (WT) or helicase mutant dcr-1 rescued the fertility defects exhibited in dcr-1 (-/-) animals. Furthermore, I show that dcr-1 helicase mutants have a normal RNAi response following feeding of exogenous dsRNA. I present deep sequencing data that indicates that while dcr-1 helicase mutants process miRNAs to WT levels, they are defective for the production some, but not all, endo-siRNAs. In light of these data, I present a model for Dicer cleavage in which Dicer acts as a processive translocase to process long dsRNA to siRNAs. In Chapter 4, I propose experiments to test this model in light of current literature.
Subjects/Keywords: Small Interfering RNA; Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA (6th Edition):
Welker, N. C. (2010). The Role of Caenorhabditis Elegans Dicer in Endogenous Small RNA Silencing Pathways. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/715/rec/1217
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Welker, Noah Christopher. “The Role of Caenorhabditis Elegans Dicer in Endogenous Small RNA Silencing Pathways.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Utah. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/715/rec/1217.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Welker, Noah Christopher. “The Role of Caenorhabditis Elegans Dicer in Endogenous Small RNA Silencing Pathways.” 2010. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Welker NC. The Role of Caenorhabditis Elegans Dicer in Endogenous Small RNA Silencing Pathways. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Utah; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/715/rec/1217.
Council of Science Editors:
Welker NC. The Role of Caenorhabditis Elegans Dicer in Endogenous Small RNA Silencing Pathways. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Utah; 2010. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/715/rec/1217
California State University – East Bay
24.
Avina, Monika.
Cellular and Molecular Factors Influencing Mechanosensory Circuit Development in C.elegans.
Degree: 2016, California State University – East Bay
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/164276
► In C. elegans, response to mechanical stimuli is mediated by two mechanosensory circuits. One circuit functions in the anterior to promote backward movement and another…
(more)
▼ In C.
elegans, response to mechanical stimuli is mediated by two mechanosensory circuits. One circuit functions in the anterior to promote backward movement and another circuit functions in the posterior to promote forward movement. The posterior neural circuit includes the mechanosensory neuron, PLM, which is required for detecting gentle touch within the posterior half of the animal. As expected for a spatially restricted function, the PLM dendrite extends from the tail and terminates just posterior to the anterior mechanosensory neuron, ALM. How is this termination point established? The cellular and molecular mechanisms that control this process are not well understood. I have used molecular genetics and microscopy to help identify these mechanisms.
Interestingly, the dendrite tip of PLM makes contact with the neurite tip of BDU, an interneuron. Moreover, genetic ablation of BDU using a mosaic analysis strategy lead to significant PLM overextension in comparison to controls (Gallegos lab unpublished). In these initial experiments BDU was not visible. To determine if BDU makes and maintains contact with PLM in control animals, we re-made the mosaic analysis strain to allow visualization of both BDU and PLM. I found that BDU makes contact with PLM only in 70% of the control animals. Moreover, overexpression of unc-86 transcription factor in the extrachromosomal array likely leads to BDU guidance defects. Finally, my characterization of a new experimental system involving an unc-86 free duplication instead of an extrachromosomal array does not exhibit these defects and is better suited to confirm the role of BDU in PLM termination.
I am also interested in molecular mechanisms that regulate PLM development. Importantly, sax-1 and sax-2 function cell autonomously to regulate PLM termination. cbk1, the sax-1 homolog in S. cerevisiae regulates cell growth and protein secretion via a rab GTPase, sec4. Interestingly, all three known mutant alleles of rab-10 (dx2, ok1494 and q373), a worm homolog of sec-4, are defective in endocytic recycling in C.
elegans intestine. However, in PLM, we find that while the null alleles (dx2, ok1494) result in PLM overextension, PLM neurite length in the missense allele, q373, is not significantly different from wild type. We hypothesize that the missense mutation in allele q373 does not affect the pathways involved in PLM termination. To test this hypothesis, I developed a genetic strategy to cross a randomly integrated transgene carrying rab-10 (q373) allele into homozygous rab-10 (ok1494) animals. Interestingly, I found that the missense allele, q373, of rab-10, fails to rescue the mutant phenotype (PLM overextension) of the deletion allele, ok1494. This result could likely be due to misexpression of the randomly integrated rab-10 (q373) transgene and the future characterization of the localization of transgene expression could help solve this question.
Advisors/Committee Members: Baysdorfer, Dr. Christoph W. (advisor), Gallegos, Dr. Maria E. (primaryAdvisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans – Nervous system
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APA (6th Edition):
Avina, M. (2016). Cellular and Molecular Factors Influencing Mechanosensory Circuit Development in C.elegans. (Thesis). California State University – East Bay. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/164276
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Avina, Monika. “Cellular and Molecular Factors Influencing Mechanosensory Circuit Development in C.elegans.” 2016. Thesis, California State University – East Bay. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/164276.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Avina, Monika. “Cellular and Molecular Factors Influencing Mechanosensory Circuit Development in C.elegans.” 2016. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Avina M. Cellular and Molecular Factors Influencing Mechanosensory Circuit Development in C.elegans. [Internet] [Thesis]. California State University – East Bay; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/164276.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Avina M. Cellular and Molecular Factors Influencing Mechanosensory Circuit Development in C.elegans. [Thesis]. California State University – East Bay; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/164276
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
25.
村田, 大輔.
A study on biological roles of GPI-anchor synthesis in the germline development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans : 線虫Caenorhabditis elegansの生殖系列細胞発生におけるGPIアンカー合成の生物学的役割に関する研究.
Degree: 博士（理学）, 2013, Kyushu University / 九州大学
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2324/21716
;
http://dx.doi.org/10.15017/21716
► Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor attachment is one of the most common posttranslational protein modifications. Using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we determined that GPI-anchored proteins are present in…
(more)
▼ Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor attachment is one of the most common posttranslational protein modifications. Using the nematode
Caenorhabditis elegans, we determined that GPI-anchored proteins are present in germline cells and distal tip cells, which are essential for the maintenance of the germline stem cell niche. We identified 24 C.
elegans genes involved in GPI-anchor synthesis. Inhibition of various steps of GPI-anchor synthesis by RNA interference or gene knockout resulted in abnormal development of oocytes and early embryos, and both lethal and sterile phenotypes were observed. The piga-1 gene (orthologue of human PIGA) codes for the catalytic subunit of the phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase complex, which catalyzes the first step of GPI-anchor synthesis. We isolated piga-1–knockout worms and found that GPI-anchor synthesis is indispensable for the maintenance of mitotic germline cell number. The knockout worms displayed 100% lethality, with decreased mitotic germline cells and abnormal eggshell formation. Using cell-specific rescue of the null allele, we showed that expression of piga-1 in somatic gonads and/or in germline is sufficient for normal embryonic development and the maintenance of the germline mitotic cells. These results clearly demonstrate that GPI-anchor synthesis is indispensable for germline formation and for normal development of oocytes and eggs.
Advisors/Committee Members: 野村, 一也.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans; GPI-anchor
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APA (6th Edition):
村田, . (2013). A study on biological roles of GPI-anchor synthesis in the germline development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans : 線虫Caenorhabditis elegansの生殖系列細胞発生におけるGPIアンカー合成の生物学的役割に関する研究. (Thesis). Kyushu University / 九州大学. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2324/21716 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.15017/21716
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
村田, 大輔. “A study on biological roles of GPI-anchor synthesis in the germline development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans : 線虫Caenorhabditis elegansの生殖系列細胞発生におけるGPIアンカー合成の生物学的役割に関する研究.” 2013. Thesis, Kyushu University / 九州大学. Accessed December 13, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/2324/21716 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.15017/21716.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
村田, 大輔. “A study on biological roles of GPI-anchor synthesis in the germline development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans : 線虫Caenorhabditis elegansの生殖系列細胞発生におけるGPIアンカー合成の生物学的役割に関する研究.” 2013. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
村田 . A study on biological roles of GPI-anchor synthesis in the germline development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans : 線虫Caenorhabditis elegansの生殖系列細胞発生におけるGPIアンカー合成の生物学的役割に関する研究. [Internet] [Thesis]. Kyushu University / 九州大学; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2324/21716 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.15017/21716.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
村田 . A study on biological roles of GPI-anchor synthesis in the germline development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans : 線虫Caenorhabditis elegansの生殖系列細胞発生におけるGPIアンカー合成の生物学的役割に関する研究. [Thesis]. Kyushu University / 九州大学; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2324/21716 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.15017/21716
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
26.
Hui, Ka Yi.
Cellular basis of ray morphology abnormal in C. elegans.
Degree: 2009, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
URL: https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1044453
;
http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-5991/1/th_redirect.html
► Organ morphogenesis is one of the important processes during development. The male tail sensory rays of nematode C. elegans serve as a good model for…
(more)
▼ Organ morphogenesis is one of the important processes during development. The male tail sensory rays of nematode C. elegans serve as a good model for the study of morphogenesis particularly with a number of Ram (RAy Morphology abnormal) mutants previously identified. In all these mutants, the sensory rays become lumpy instead of being a tapered shape. Based on their molecular natures, different ram genes can be classified into distinct groups, male tail-specific collagen, RAM-1, RAM-2 and RAM-4; ZP protein, RAM-5; and EGF-like domain containing protein, MAB-7 and MAB-29. Even with these molecules characterized, the cellular basis of the sensory ray abnormality is still unknown. In order to define why the rays become lumpy in shape, cellular, molecular biology and genetic techniques were employed to reveal biological events occurring inside swollen rays in different types of ram mutants. ram-2(bx76), ram-2(bx32), ram-5(bx81) and mab-7(e1599) mutants represent each of the subclass of the ram genes. Fluorescent subcellular organelle markers revealed expanded ER, mislocalized nuclei, altered nuclear structure, autophagosomes and lysosomes localized in the swollen rays in ram-2(bx76), ram-2(bx32) and mab-7(e1599) mutant animals, while only expanded ER, mislocalized nuclei were observed in ram-5(bx81) mutant animals. The causal-relationship between the observed subcellular defects and Ram phenotype was tested. Modulation of autophagy level in ram-2(bx76), ram-2(bx32) and mab-7(e1599) mutants showed differential effects on Ram phenotype, suggesting different mechanisms leading to the manifestation of Ram phenotype and distinct roles of autophagy in these mechanisms. In addition, stress response was found to be activated in ram-2(bx32) mutant, but not other ram mutants. In subsequent analysis focusing on ram-2(bx32) mutant, ire-1 signaling pathway was shown to be required for handling the stress. In parallel, a new stress responsive gene, atf-5, was discovered as a potential downstream target of pek-1 signaling pathway. In summary, this study has classified ram genes according to their different biological impacts on cellular behavior. The findings also support the notion that ram-2(bx32) mutants could be an excellent in vivo model for further study of link between ER stress, UPR pathways and other cellular behaviors.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans – Genetics; Morphogenesis
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APA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Hui, K. Y. (2009). Cellular basis of ray morphology abnormal in C. elegans. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1044453 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-5991/1/th_redirect.html
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hui, Ka Yi. “Cellular basis of ray morphology abnormal in C. elegans.” 2009. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed December 13, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1044453 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-5991/1/th_redirect.html.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hui, Ka Yi. “Cellular basis of ray morphology abnormal in C. elegans.” 2009. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Hui KY. Cellular basis of ray morphology abnormal in C. elegans. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1044453 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-5991/1/th_redirect.html.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Hui KY. Cellular basis of ray morphology abnormal in C. elegans. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2009. Available from: https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1044453 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-5991/1/th_redirect.html
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Portland State University
27.
Christy, Stephen Fuller.
Adaptive Evolution under Favorable and Unfavorable Population Genetic Conditions in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Nematodes.
Degree: MS(M.S.) in Biology, Biology, 2017, Portland State University
URL: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3534
► Mutation is a fundamental process that drives evolutionary change; however, most new mutations are deleterious for organismal fitness and can readily propagate within populations…
(more)
▼ Mutation is a fundamental process that drives evolutionary change; however, most new mutations are deleterious for organismal fitness and can readily propagate within populations under a broad range of conditions. Mutational processes able to counteract deleterious mutation accumulation include: 1) reversion mutation back to wildtype, 2) acquisition of generally beneficial mutations, and 3) compensatory mutations that specifically mitigate the effects of previously-acquired deleterious mutations through epistasis. The potential for any of these mutation types alters our expectations for the impact of deleterious mutation in populations, but since the fitness effects of individual mutations are rarely characterized, the relative importance of beneficial and compensatory epistatic mutations is unknown. In this thesis, I characterized the nuclear mutations that arose in a previous mutation accumulation (MA) experiment using
Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes, in which mutations were allowed to accumulate under extreme drift conditions in replicate, independently evolving lines initiated from a low-fitness mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) mutant,
gas-1. In contrast to the results of typical MA experiments,
gas-1 MA lines improved fitness slightly compared to their ancestor. Here, I find that the
gas-1 MA lines demonstrate little increase in among-line variance and that the
gas-1 MA nuclear mutations are more narrowly functionally defined than wildtype MA nuclear mutations. When combined with evidence for zygotic or post zygotic selection these data suggest that selection – both purifying and positive – can be an extremely powerful force even in conditions of extreme genetic drift. Furthermore, functional characterization of a four-mutation set isolated from one of the
gas-1 MA lines on
gas-1 and wildtype backgrounds shows fitness improvements on both backgrounds. This beneficial four-mutation set is associated with a decrease in steady-state endogenous ROS on the
gas-1 background while exhibiting no effect on wildtype. I also find that steady-state ATP levels associated with the beneficial four-mutation set decreased compared to wildtype suggesting that fermentation may be metabolic strategy to cope with increase oxidative stress. These findings suggest that we can detect and characterize specific genetic changes that lead to a partial recovery of fitness and phenotype in a low-fitness ETC-deficient mutant strain of
C. elegans. I extended my thesis to include analyses of fitness and phenotype of 24 replicate lineages of the
gas-1 ETC mutant evolved in large population (
n = 1000) sizes for 60 generations – conditions optimal for selection and fitness recovery (RC). I find that two distinct
gas-1 RC fitness groups emerged: one group with significantly higher average fitness than the ancestor and containing two lines that exceeded wildtype fitness levels, and another group with more modest and…
Advisors/Committee Members: Suzanne Estes.
Subjects/Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans; Mutation (Biology); Biology
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APA (6th Edition):
Christy, S. F. (2017). Adaptive Evolution under Favorable and Unfavorable Population Genetic Conditions in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Nematodes. (Masters Thesis). Portland State University. Retrieved from https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3534
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Christy, Stephen Fuller. “Adaptive Evolution under Favorable and Unfavorable Population Genetic Conditions in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Nematodes.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Portland State University. Accessed December 13, 2019.
https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3534.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Christy, Stephen Fuller. “Adaptive Evolution under Favorable and Unfavorable Population Genetic Conditions in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Nematodes.” 2017. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Christy SF. Adaptive Evolution under Favorable and Unfavorable Population Genetic Conditions in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Nematodes. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Portland State University; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3534.
Council of Science Editors:
Christy SF. Adaptive Evolution under Favorable and Unfavorable Population Genetic Conditions in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Nematodes. [Masters Thesis]. Portland State University; 2017. Available from: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3534
University of Manchester
28.
Vargas, Miguel.
Nutrient response and aging in invertebrate models.
Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Manchester
URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nutrient-response-and-aging-in-invertebrate-models(3fccf140-7906-4fad-9892-b8957dc44a04).html
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.764267
► The diet an organism keeps is crucial in sustaining its health and fitness. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are excellent…
(more)
▼ The diet an organism keeps is crucial in sustaining its health and fitness. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are excellent models for nutritional studies due to their small size, large progeny numbers, quick development, and modifiable laboratory diets. Here I examine these two organisms in order to better understand the complex interrelationship between an animal and its diet. Previous work has shown that in the wild numerous organisms are capable of selecting specific nutrients in a non-random manner in order to maximize fitness. However, the genetic underpinnings driving these nutrient choices remain elusive. Female fruit flies consume higher levels of protein following mating to prepare for the costs of reproduction. I examined the role of S6 Kinase (S6K), a downstream effector of the nutrient-responsive target of rapamycin pathway, in mediating this decision. I demonstrate that neuronal S6K activity and serotonin are involved in regulating protein consumption when allowed to choose nutrients freely as well as following macronutrient deprivation; suggesting that they may play a role in mediating postmating dietary switch and maintaining nutrient balance. Modulating levels of dietary components can have extensive impacts on processes such as development, fecundity, and metabolism in multiple organisms. However, the influence of dietary genetics on the consumer is virtually unknown. I performed a screen feeding single-gene mutants of E. coli to C. elegans and monitored the effects on the insulin-like signalling pathway (ILS). When mutated, genes involved in multiple processes and functions in E. coli enhanced activity of the ILS downstream transcription factor, DAF-16. One mutant strain of E. coli I pursued had a knockout of the cAMP-producing, adenylate cyclase gene. Addition of exogenous cAMP to the diet containing live, metabolically active E. coli rescued all the effects of the mutant on C. elegans; thereby suggesting that bacterial metabolism of dietary cAMP can influence the C. elegans ILS. Collectively, my work demonstrates how the nutrient-sensing pathways of the consumer can shape and be shaped by interactions with its diet. These studies contribute to a better understanding of the consumer-diet relationship, and could help guide future work to investigate the role of diet in disease, quality of life, and longevity.
Subjects/Keywords: Drosophila Melanogaster; Caenorhabditis Elegans; Diet
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APA (6th Edition):
Vargas, M. (2013). Nutrient response and aging in invertebrate models. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nutrient-response-and-aging-in-invertebrate-models(3fccf140-7906-4fad-9892-b8957dc44a04).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.764267
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Vargas, Miguel. “Nutrient response and aging in invertebrate models.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed December 13, 2019.
https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nutrient-response-and-aging-in-invertebrate-models(3fccf140-7906-4fad-9892-b8957dc44a04).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.764267.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Vargas, Miguel. “Nutrient response and aging in invertebrate models.” 2013. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Vargas M. Nutrient response and aging in invertebrate models. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nutrient-response-and-aging-in-invertebrate-models(3fccf140-7906-4fad-9892-b8957dc44a04).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.764267.
Council of Science Editors:
Vargas M. Nutrient response and aging in invertebrate models. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2013. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nutrient-response-and-aging-in-invertebrate-models(3fccf140-7906-4fad-9892-b8957dc44a04).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.764267
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
30.
Ji, Xianglin LIFS.
Nutrient dependent turnover of lipid droplet associated proteins.
Degree: 2015, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
URL: https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1514897
;
http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-94920/1/th_redirect.html
► Lipid droplets (LDs) are conserved organelles for cellular fat storage. In C.elegans, numerous LDs can be found in intestinal cells, where fat is primarily stored.…
(more)
▼ Lipid droplets (LDs) are conserved organelles for cellular fat storage. In C.elegans, numerous LDs can be found in intestinal cells, where fat is primarily stored. Proteomic studies have identified a large set of LD associated proteins. However, mechanisms governing the targeting and turnover of these proteins are largely unknown. Our lab has previously identified DGAT-2 as a LD associated protein in C.elegans. DGAT-2 is an acyl-coA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase that catalyzes the synthesis of triacylgclyerol, which is stored in LDs. DGAT-2 is localized to LDs when animals are actively feeding. However, DGAT-2 is undetectable in starved animals. In contrast, another LD associated protein, the short-chain dehydrogenase 3 (DHS-3), remains stable under the same condition. Our obervations indicate that there may be differential mechanisms for the turnover of LD associated proteins. In this study, I found that the degradation of DGAT-2 under starvation condition is regulated by the LD assoicated ancient ubiquitous protein 1 (AUP-1) in C. elegans. In addition, I found that AUP-1 may regulate the turnover of DGAT-2 through its interaction with components of the ERAD pathway. I propose that AUP-1 may recruit sepcific E2 and E3 enzymes to the LDs surface to ubiquitinate DGAT-2 in starved worms.
Subjects/Keywords: Lipids; Metabolism; Proteins; Caenorhabditis elegans
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Ji, X. L. (2015). Nutrient dependent turnover of lipid droplet associated proteins. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1514897 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-94920/1/th_redirect.html
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ji, Xianglin LIFS. “Nutrient dependent turnover of lipid droplet associated proteins.” 2015. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed December 13, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1514897 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-94920/1/th_redirect.html.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ji, Xianglin LIFS. “Nutrient dependent turnover of lipid droplet associated proteins.” 2015. Web. 13 Dec 2019.
Vancouver:
Ji XL. Nutrient dependent turnover of lipid droplet associated proteins. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 13].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1514897 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-94920/1/th_redirect.html.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ji XL. Nutrient dependent turnover of lipid droplet associated proteins. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2015. Available from: https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1514897 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-94920/1/th_redirect.html
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
◁ [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [18] ▶
. 
Open Access Theses and Dissertations