subject:(Bufo nebulifer)

Texas State University – San Marcos

1. Preston, Devin. Effects of Predator-Related Chemical Cues on the Activity Level of Houston Toad (Bufo [Anaxyrus] Houstonensis) and Coastal Plain Toad (Bufo [Incilius] Nebulifer) Tadpoles.

Degree: MS, Biology, 2013, Texas State University – San Marcos

URL: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/5924

► Predation is a strong ecological force and plays a role in shaping communities. In response to predation, many prey species have evolved predator avoidance mechanisms.… (more)

▼ Predation is a strong ecological force and plays a role in shaping communities. In response to predation, many prey species have evolved predator avoidance mechanisms. One such avoidance mechanism is the detection of chemical cues from predators. This mechanism of predator detection is especially important in aquatic systems. Many anuran larvae can detect chemical cues created by the presence of aquatic invertebrate predators and consumption of conspecific and/or concurrent anurans by these same predators. A commonly documented larval anuran response to the presence of predator-related chemical cues is the reduction of activity. Two species that have not been tested for antipredator response in the presence of chemical cues during their larval stage are the coastal plain toad (Bufo [Incilius] nebulifer) and the federally endangered Houston toad (Bufo [Anaxyrus] houstonensis). I conducted two experiments. In the first, I tested if B. nebulifer exhibited a reduction of activity (antipredator response) in the presence of chemical cues produced from the presence of an invertebrate predator (kairomone cues) or chemical cues produced from the predation of conspecifics by an invertebrate predator (conspecific diet cues). I also examined whether aggregation status (solo tadpoles vs. groups of tadpoles) mediated the response of B. nebulifer to both cues. In the second experiment, I tested if B. houstonensis exhibited a reduction of activity (antipredator response) in the presence of kairomone cues, conspecific diet cues, or congeneric diet cues produced from the predation of larval B. nebulifer. I found that individuals and groups of B. nebulifer tadpoles reduced their activity level when exposed to conspecific diet cues, but only individuals reduced their activity level when exposed to kairomone cues. I found that B. houstonensis larvae lowered their activity in the presence of conspecific diet cues and congeneric diet cues, but not in the presence of kairomone cues. Taken together, these results imply a stronger response by both bufonids to predation than to the presence of a predator alone. I propose some possible hypotheses for the disparity in activity levels between solo and group treatments, diet and kairomone cues, and discuss the ecological implications of these disparities. Advisors/Committee Members: Forstner, Michael R. (advisor), Gabor, Caitlin R. (committee member), Veech, Joseph A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Bufo; Chemical cue; Houston Toad; Houstonensis; Nebulifer; Predation

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

❌

APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Preston, D. (2013). Effects of Predator-Related Chemical Cues on the Activity Level of Houston Toad (Bufo [Anaxyrus] Houstonensis) and Coastal Plain Toad (Bufo [Incilius] Nebulifer) Tadpoles. (Masters Thesis). Texas State University – San Marcos. Retrieved from https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/5924

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Preston, Devin. “Effects of Predator-Related Chemical Cues on the Activity Level of Houston Toad (Bufo [Anaxyrus] Houstonensis) and Coastal Plain Toad (Bufo [Incilius] Nebulifer) Tadpoles.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Texas State University – San Marcos. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/5924.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Preston, Devin. “Effects of Predator-Related Chemical Cues on the Activity Level of Houston Toad (Bufo [Anaxyrus] Houstonensis) and Coastal Plain Toad (Bufo [Incilius] Nebulifer) Tadpoles.” 2013. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Preston D. Effects of Predator-Related Chemical Cues on the Activity Level of Houston Toad (Bufo [Anaxyrus] Houstonensis) and Coastal Plain Toad (Bufo [Incilius] Nebulifer) Tadpoles. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/5924.

Council of Science Editors:

Preston D. Effects of Predator-Related Chemical Cues on the Activity Level of Houston Toad (Bufo [Anaxyrus] Houstonensis) and Coastal Plain Toad (Bufo [Incilius] Nebulifer) Tadpoles. [Masters Thesis]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2013. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/5924

University of New Orleans

2. Vogel, Laura Sanders. The decline of Fowler's Toad (Bufo fowleri) in southern Louisiana: molecular genetics, field experiments and landscape studies.

Degree: PhD, Biological Sciences, 2007, University of New Orleans

URL: https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/579

► Two of the most pervasive threats to species biodiversity are invasive species and habitat loss and degradation. Invasive species are often relatively insensitive to disturbance… (more)

▼ Two of the most pervasive threats to species biodiversity are invasive species and habitat loss and degradation. Invasive species are often relatively insensitive to disturbance and many expand their range into disturbed and fragmented habitats. This dissertation uses an interdisciplinary approach to investigate how anthropogenic habitat disturbance is precipitating a range expansion in an invasive toad species, Bufo nebulifer, which is driving a decline in its native congener, B. fowleri. I employed a remote sensing and GIS study using historical data to compare changes in the two species distributions and habitat changes, a molecular genetic study to identify interspecific hybrids and their potential effects on the parental species, and an experimental ecology study to look at the effects of competition and predation on the two species. The results of the landscape level analyses of species' distributional changes in different disturbance levels showed that both species' distributions have changed significantly. The distributions of the two species are inversely affected by habitat disturbance; the distribution of B. fowleri in highly degraded habitat has contracted while the expansion of B. nebulifer increased substantially. The molecular genetic study successfully demonstrated the use of nuclear and mitochondrial markers to identify cryptic hybrids and their maternal lineage. Three hybrids were detected using nuclear introns and a morphologically cryptic hybrid was identified using mitochondrial DNA as the progeny of a cross that was previously thought to be inviable. Although relatively few hybrids were currently found, the identification of a cryptic hybrid implies that the rate of historical hybridization may have been drastically underestimated. Ecological studies showed that competition with B. nebulifer tadpoles had a negative effect on both body size measures and survival to metamorphosis for B. fowleri tadpoles. The addition of predators to experiment did not favor the survival of B. fowleri over B. nebulifer. Bufo fowleri's inability to compete with its invasive congener could be a driving mechanism for the decline of B. fowleri and the expansion of B. nebulifer. The methods discussed in this dissertation offer promising and practical new approaches for evaluating and managing changes in the distribution of species of conservation concern. Advisors/Committee Members: Johnson, Steven, Kandl, Karen, Clancy, Mary.

Subjects/Keywords: Bufo fowleri; Bufo nebulifer; invasive species; hybrids; ranges; nuclear DNA; introns; SNPs; mtDNA; remote sensing; GIS; museum data; competition; predation; disturbance

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

❌

APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Vogel, L. S. (2007). The decline of Fowler's Toad (Bufo fowleri) in southern Louisiana: molecular genetics, field experiments and landscape studies. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New Orleans. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/579

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vogel, Laura Sanders. “The decline of Fowler's Toad (Bufo fowleri) in southern Louisiana: molecular genetics, field experiments and landscape studies.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New Orleans. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/579.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vogel, Laura Sanders. “The decline of Fowler's Toad (Bufo fowleri) in southern Louisiana: molecular genetics, field experiments and landscape studies.” 2007. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Vogel LS. The decline of Fowler's Toad (Bufo fowleri) in southern Louisiana: molecular genetics, field experiments and landscape studies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New Orleans; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/579.

Council of Science Editors:

Vogel LS. The decline of Fowler's Toad (Bufo fowleri) in southern Louisiana: molecular genetics, field experiments and landscape studies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New Orleans; 2007. Available from: https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/579

3. Gaertner, James P. FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS.

Degree: 2013

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10529/ETD-TXSTATE-2010-08-30

Subjects/Keywords: Salmonella; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; chytrid; amphibians; biofilms; epidemiology; non-host environment; Bufo houstonensis; Bufo nebulifer; acris crepitans; Eurycea; Spring Lake; Acris crepitans; fish

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

❌

APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gaertner, J. P. (2013). FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS. (Thesis). [No school.] Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10529/ETD-TXSTATE-2010-08-30

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No school.

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gaertner, James P. “FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS.” 2013. Thesis, [No school]. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10529/ETD-TXSTATE-2010-08-30.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No school.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gaertner, James P. “FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS.” 2013. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gaertner JP. FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS. [Internet] [Thesis]. [No school]; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10529/ETD-TXSTATE-2010-08-30.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No school.

Council of Science Editors:

Gaertner JP. FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS. [Thesis]. [No school]; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10529/ETD-TXSTATE-2010-08-30

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No school.

4. Gaertner, James P. FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS.

Degree: 2013

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2249.1/62170

Subjects/Keywords: Salmonella; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; chytrid; amphibians; biofilms; epidemiology; non-host environment; Bufo houstonensis; Bufo nebulifer; acris crepitans; Eurycea; Spring Lake; Acris crepitans; fish

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

❌

APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gaertner, J. P. (2013). FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS. (Thesis). [No school.] Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2249.1/62170

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No school.

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gaertner, James P. “FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS.” 2013. Thesis, [No school]. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2249.1/62170.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No school.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gaertner, James P. “FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS.” 2013. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gaertner JP. FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS. [Internet] [Thesis]. [No school]; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2249.1/62170.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No school.

Council of Science Editors:

Gaertner JP. FATE AND DISSEMINATION OF PATHOGENS IN AQUATIC WILDLIFE AND THEIR ECOSYSTEMS. [Thesis]. [No school]; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2249.1/62170

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No school.

5. Gaertner, James P. Fate and Dissemination of Pathogens in Aquatic Wildlife and Their Ecosystems.

Degree: PhD, Aquatic Resources, 2010, Texas State University – San Marcos

URL: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/2446

► The world is experiencing an increase in emergent infectious diseases as a result of expanding world markets, urbanization and intensified animal husbandry. It is not… (more)

▼ The world is experiencing an increase in emergent infectious diseases as a result of expanding world markets, urbanization and intensified animal husbandry. It is not just humans that are affected, but also domestic and wild animals. Many diseases affecting humans are of animal origin and because of population increases and globalization of society we will continue to see increased interactions between humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. The wildlife component of this triad has received inadequate focus in the past to effectively protect not only human health, but also biodiversity of wildlife, agriculture and trade. The objective of this thesis work is to assess the presence of microbial pathogens such as the bacterium Salmonella enterica and the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) in aquatic environments and elucidate the effects of specific environmental conditions on the fate of these pathogens in the non-host environment and the resulting impact of these conditions to persistence and prevalence of infections. The first studies provided evidence that there are many species of aquatic animals that can serve as potential reservoirs for the long term persistence of Salmonella. Additional studies confirmed the notion that the terrestrial environment can act as a significant source of contamination of the aquatic environment by Salmonella. Finally, studies performed demonstrated that naturally occurring biofilms can provide a mechanism for long term persistence and contamination of the aquatic ecosystem by Salmonella. An inexpensive and sensitive nested PCR protocol was developed for studies involving Bd. Using this technique, in addition to a qPCR method, the presence of Bd in populations including endangered and endemic amphibians in Central Texas was demonstrated and later affirmed. In addition to its presence, spatial and temporal differences in prevalence and intensity of infection were detected. Studies suggest that seasonal temperatures, water quality and permanency of water can contribute to increased infections by the pathogen. Understanding interactions of pathogens such as these with their host and non-host environments could provide a greater understanding of the organism and be the foundation for preemptive actions and responses that could potentially help limit future impacts to the health of both humans and wildlife populations. Advisors/Committee Members: Hahn, Dittmar (advisor), Forstner, Michael (committee member), Bonner, Timothy (committee member), Gerba, Charles (committee member), Longcore, Joyce (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Salmonella; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Chytrid; Amphibians; Biofilms; Epidemiology; Non-host environment; Bufo houstonensis; Bufo nebulifer; Acris crepitans; Eurycea; Spring Lake; Acris crepitans; Fish

…dendrobatidis in Bufo houstonensis and B. nebulifer at localities in Bastrop County, Texas, from 2001… …the Houston toad 8 (Bufo houstonensis) and several species of Eurycea…

10 more images…

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

❌

APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gaertner, J. P. (2010). Fate and Dissemination of Pathogens in Aquatic Wildlife and Their Ecosystems. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas State University – San Marcos. Retrieved from https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/2446

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gaertner, James P. “Fate and Dissemination of Pathogens in Aquatic Wildlife and Their Ecosystems.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas State University – San Marcos. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/2446.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gaertner, James P. “Fate and Dissemination of Pathogens in Aquatic Wildlife and Their Ecosystems.” 2010. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gaertner JP. Fate and Dissemination of Pathogens in Aquatic Wildlife and Their Ecosystems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/2446.

Council of Science Editors:

Gaertner JP. Fate and Dissemination of Pathogens in Aquatic Wildlife and Their Ecosystems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2010. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/2446

		in
And / Or
		in
And / Or
		in
And / Or
		in

Open Access Theses and Dissertations