Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS ([email protected]) on 2016-04-13T17:06:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_SAULO_GANTES_TRACTENBERG_PARCIAL.pdf: 557216 bytes, checksum: 5008059fd974ae5acf12b8e0df8810ed (MD5)

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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq

Introduction: Exposure to early life stress (ELS) has been considered an environmental factor that is able to shape the brain development, leading to negative and long-lasting consequences. It is believed that ELS, in addition to the recognized structural and functional deleterious effects, may be involved in the increase vulnerability to develop specific behavioral phenotype, such as anxiety and stress-responsiveness. Several molecular and neurobiological targets have been investigated and identified as potential mediators of these effects due ELS. Objectives: The present thesis aims to investigate the maternal separation (MS) effects in the development of anxiety-like behaviors in adult mice. Methods: Here, we presented an experimental study with male Balb/c mice separated from the dam during the first two weeks of life for a daily period of 180 min. MS mice were tested in postnatal day (PND) 60 in multiple anxiety tasks and had their performance were compared to non-separated mice. Results: MS affected different anxiety parameters, especially in the Open-field Test and Light Dark Test. We also found MS effects in physiological measures, such as the number of fecal boli produced during the tasks. Additional measures assessed by the anxiety-related tasks, for example, exploration/gathering information and risk assessment behaviors seem to be affected by exposure to early life stressors. Conclusion: Our findings corroborates prior studies suggesting that ELS, through MS paradigm, could be a risk factor for the development of behavioral phenotypes underpinning mental disorders, manly related to anxiety and stress-responsiveness spectrum.

Introdu??o: A exposi??o a estressores no in?cio da vida vem sendo considerado um fator ambiental capaz de moldar o desenvolvimento cerebral, levando a consequ?ncias negativas e duradouras que se estendem a vida adulta. Acredita-se que o estresse precoce para al?m de altera??es estruturais e funcionais pode estar associado ao aumento da vulnerabilidade para apresenta??o de fen?tipos espec?ficos, como ansiedade e responsividade ao estresse. Diversos mecanismos moleculares e neurobiol?gicos t?m sido investigados e apontados como poss?veis mediadores dessas altera??es. Objetivo: A presente disserta??o objetiva investigar os efeitos da separa??o materna (SM) no desenvolvimento do fen?tipo tipo ansiedade em camundongos adultos. M?todo: Trata-se de um estudo experimental com camundongos, machos, da linhagem Balb/c, separados precocemente durante as primeiras duas…

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

This dissertation contains two empirical articles which investigated the communication skills and executive functions of adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) upon hospital admission (inpatients) and after hospital discharge (outpatients). The aim of the first study was to compare discursive, pragmatic, lexical-semantic, reading and writing skills between inpatients with TBI (iTBI) and adults with no neurological damage. Our results showed between-group differences on all parameters evaluated, with control participants outperforming the iTBI group across all measures used in the study. The aim of the second investigation was to identify differences between outpatients with mild or severe TBI (oTBI) and healthy adults on communicative and executive functions, as well as to investigate associations and dissociations between patterns of impairment in the oTBI sample. The two groups differed in their performance on conversational and narrative discourse tasks, as well as on the following executive functions: planning, cognitive flexibility, working memory, processing speed and inhibitory control. Overall, the findings suggested that even subjects with relatively mild lesions and a theoretically good prognosis may experience impairments in discourse processing. The patient group was then further divided according to TBI severity, and differences in executive functions were identified between these two subgroups, as well as between each of these categories and the control group. Patients with severe TBI performed worse than control participants and subjects with mild TBI, and differences between patients with mild and severe TBI were identified in both studies. Lastly, the TBI groups showed dissociations between impairments in rule maintenance and processing speed, and associations between cognitive performance on planning tasks. These findings contributed to the current literature on the continuum of communicative and executive impairment profiles across all levels of TBI severity. The analyses performed in this dissertation may be used in public health services to perform a more accurate assessment of patients with TBI and improve prognostic accuracy, since some impairments may have an impact on global functioning and affect the length of the post-TBI recovery period.

A presente disserta??o de mestrado compreende dois artigos emp?ricos que pretendem explorar a avalia??o dos processamentos comunicativos e executivos de pacientes adultos com traumatismo cranioencef?lico (TCE) em dois momentos ap?s a les?o cerebral: no momento da…

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS ([email protected]) on 2016-02-19T18:46:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_BRUNO_MARTINS_NOVELLO_PARCIAL.pdf: 439357 bytes, checksum: e5a773a4f5e1be1b72fe8fc40681e86e (MD5)

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Considering the role that facial expressions play in interpersonal relations, efforts have been made in order to better understand this topic. However, there are still gaps concerning research with adolescents. As this developmental stage is marked by interpersonal relations, and as these are related to a better quality of life, this dissertation aimed to fulfill some of the gaps in the topic. Two studies were conducted. Study I aimed to fill the gap concerning the absence of an image database containing facial stimuli representing the six basic emotion expressions encompassing the entire period of adolescence and its transition to the beginning of adulthood. To this end, posed and spontaneous expressions of 31 teenagers and young adult from 12-20 years (14 men, Mage = 17.4, SD = 2.7) were collected with the use of three strategies: emotive scenarios, posed expressions, and reactions to visual stimuli. Two thousand two hundred and seventy nine frames were captured. Expert judges (N = 3) filtered the frames, thus leading to a total of 42 final frames (three for each basic emotion, and three depicting neutral faces, equally divided between genders). These images were standardized and after passing through a new panel of expert judges (N = 4), they have been validated, thus composing the Youth Emotion Picture Set (YEPS). Since there is a lack of studies that directly investigate the role of covariates in recognizing expressions, Study II aimed to investigate the role the verbal IQ, pubertal development, and socialization in the accuracy of recognition of expressions among adolescents. Participants were 90 adolescents and young adults (44 males, Mage = 16.7, SD = 2.4) divided into four age groups: 12-14 (n = 23), 15-16 (n = 19), 17-18 (n = 24), and 19-20 years (n = 25). They were assessed with regard to verbal IQ, number of friends, weekly interactions with friends, and level of pubertal development. After that, they completed an experimental task in which they had to categorize the emotion displayed in three different presentation speeds (200ms, 500ms, 1000ms). The facial stimuli used were collected from the YEPS. Findings showed that number of interactions with friends per week was inversely related to accuracy in recognizing anger and disgust. Verbal IQ was significantly proportional to the accuracy of surprise, disgust, and anger. Pubertal development was related to the recognition of expressions of happiness. This dissertation resulted in the development of the YEPS, an instrument that can be used in studies exploring emotions in adolescents or for…

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The subject of this study refers to the religious sense in the university professional formation of the Brazilian psychologist. Since its regulation as a profession, Psychology has been directing efforts to train and train qualified professionals to work in the various areas of the psychological field. This concern emerges, mainly, from the 70s, due to the economic and political scenario experienced in the country. Among the contemporary demands that are present in this complex professional scenario, more and more have sought to understand those who enjoy the psychological services from the perspective of the integrality of the person, requiring the psychologist a qualification consistent with this reality. In this context, it reemerges the theme of religious sense, a theme present since the beginning of Psychology, but silenced during consecutive decades throughout much of the twentieth century, and which is increasingly gaining the current scenario of productions in the area. However, it is still a field full of challenges and lacking in advances, especially with regard to the training of professionals in this area in order to enable a more appropriate and committed action with the socio-cultural reality where it is inserted. Given the importance of religiosity for the Brazilian population, and this dimension being necessary for the training of professionals qualified to act in a competent, sensitive and ethical manner, this dissertation had the general objective to investigate "if", "how much" and "how" the theme of the religious sense has been approached in undergraduate curricula in psychology in Brazil. For this, a methodological stance of mixed research was adopted, employing documentary research techniques as the main research resource, focusing on the analysis of undergraduate curricula in psychology of Brazilian universities. It was verified that the subject has been approached in the Brazilian universities, being present in about 20% of the analyzed institutions, being mostly universities located in the Southeast region, private for-profit institutions and Catholic confessional vote. The general analysis of the disciplines points to the predominance of theoretical disciplines, assuming a compulsory character, when in institutions with confessional vote and optional character in the universities without explicit confessional vote, with a workload of…

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A universidade possui como um dos seus objetivos a constru????o de uma postura cr??tica e ativa do sujeito em sociedade. Atualmente surgem questionamentos sobre o papel dessa institui????o e discuss??es acerca de reformula????es que se afinem com as demandas da sociedade, promovendo uma reflex??o em torno dos moldes tradicionais dos cursos universit??rios e do preparo para os problemas e desafios contempor??neos (Santos & Almeida-Filho, 2008). A gradua????o em Psicologia, assim como as demais, se insere neste debate por, ao longo dos anos, mesmo com mudan??as estruturais importantes proporcionadas pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN), perpetuar uma forma????o com ??nfase nos modelos cl??nicos e patologizantes, com pouco compromisso social, afastada das realidades e demandas de grande parte da popula????o. O Programa de apoio a planos de expans??o e reestrutura????o das universidades federais (REUNI) auxilia neste cen??rio de mudan??as, ao qual a Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) se insere na busca por novas pr??ticas no ensino superior. Entre elas est?? a implanta????o do Bacharelado Interdisciplinar (BI), modalidade de gradua????o proposta para ultrapassar o foco restritivo da forma????o t??cnico profissional e promover uma forma????o ampliada e cr??tica. O presente trabalho prop??e como objetivo analisar as trajet??rias acad??micas dos egressos do BI na transi????o para o Curso Progressivo Linear (CPL) de Psicologia, problematizando as poss??veis contribui????es do BI na escolha profissional dos egressos em rela????o ?? Psicologia. A metodologia foi desenvolvida numa perspectiva qualitativa, um estudo descritivo explorat??rio, baseada nas no????es do construcionismo social (Gergen, 1985; 1996; Gergen & Gergen 2010) compreendendo a realidade como constru????es sociais desenvolvidas a partir de rela????es entre pessoas inseridas em espa??os s??cio historicamente contextualizados. Como marco te??rico-metodol??gico foram adotadas as pr??ticas discursivas e a produ????o de sentido (Spink & Medrado, 2000), analisando, a partir de uma entrevista semi-estruturada, constru????es destacadas por dez entrevistados, egressos do BI na transi????o para o CPL de Psicologia. Esses discursos foram submetidos ?? an??lise categorial tem??tica (Vazquez, 1996). A partir dos resultados e discuss??es percebemos que o BI auxiliou no processo de amplia????o das vagas da UFBA, bem como na inser????o de diferentes perfis de egressos que n??o entendiam…

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Personality factors relate to the cognitive functioning of elderly and depressive symptoms in old age. The model of the Big Five consists of the factors Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism and Openness to Experience, one of the most accepted models to investigate the personality. High neuroticism levels are associated with worse performance on cognitive tasks and Openness seems to be an important factor in the maintenance of cognitive abilities during the aging process. Personality factors are not static over the life cycle, showing changes in normative periods of human development. Thus, the main objective of this thesis was to investigate the relationship between the Big Five personality traits, cognitive functioning and depressive symptoms in the elderly. It also sought to examine the role predictor of cognitive functioning and depressive symptoms in personality factors of the elderly; comparing the amplitude of personality factors among older adults and adults; and check the role predictor of sociodemographic variables (age, education, income, gender and marital status) in personality factors and older adults. Considering the objectives of this thesis, we developed two empirical studies that had cross-sectional design. In the first study, we evaluated 72 elderly, aged 60 to 85 years, recruited from social groups of Porto Alegre and the Metropolitan Region. The elderly responded to a form of socio demographic data, cognitive tests that measured attention, memory and executive functions, the inventory of personality (NEO-FFI-R) and depressive symptomatology (GDS-15). In the second study, the sample consisted of 151 participants, 78 elderly and 73 adults, who responded to a record of socio demographic data and personality inventory (NEO-FFI-R). The results of the first study showed that depressive symptoms appear most strongly associated, in relation to the other, the higher rates of Neuroticism and lower Extraversion, Openness and Conscientiousness. In relation to cognitive functioning, it was found that seniors who have a worse executive functioning, show higher rates of Neuroticism and lower extraversion. In the second study, there were differences between the personality factors of elderly and adults. The adult age group had a higher risk for high ranking in Neuroticism, Extraversion and Openness to Experience. On the other hand, older people were at risk for high ranking in Conscientiousness factor. Based on the results of the two studies, it had concluded that there is a relationship between personality factors, cognitive functioning and depressive symptoms in the elderly. In addition, noted that adults differ in the elderly as to the extent of personality factors.

Os fatores de personalidade relacionam-se ao funcionamento cognitivo de idosos e sintomatologia depressiva na velhice. O modelo dos…

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Communication abililities are often impaired in patients with right hemisphere damage (RBD). This dissertation investigates the profile of cognitive and communication processing following a RBD. In addition, it characterizes neural correlates of brain reorganization of RBD case by means of neuropsuchological assessment and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Thus, the first study included 39 adults with RBD and 39 healthy controls, evaluated by the Brazilian Brief Neuropsychological Assessment Battery NEUPSILIN. The performance of the groups was compared by ANCOVA, as well as the frequency of deficits in LHD group was calculated. RBD group showed poorer performance on visual perception, recognition memory, arithmetic and written language processes. There is evidence that brief neuropsychological tools can be useful for the initial diagnostic hypotheses of cognitive functioning within the RBD. The second study included 50 adults with RBD, 25 adults with LBD (clinical control) and 50 healthy controls, examined by the Montreal Communication Evaluation Battery, abbreviated version. Adults with RBD showed an inferior performance compared to healthy controls in 89% of the tasks (one-way ANOVA). No differences were observed between adults with RBD and LBD. The results suggest evidence of hemispheric specialization (emotional prosody and lexical-semantic) and cooperation (discursive and pragmatic-inferential). The third study evaluated an adult with RBD (case CR) and a matched healthy control by means of a neuropsychological battery and an fMRI task of phonemic and semantic verbal fluency. CR showed different areas of activation in comparison to healthy control, suggesting an increased demand for bilateral activation towards a functional reorganization. This study presents initial evidence of brain reorganization after RBD for lacunar infarction.

As habilidades comunicativas frequentemente encontram-se alteradas em pacientes com les?o de hemisf?rio direito (LHD). Em fun??o disso, esta disserta??o, composta por quatro estudos, busca investigar o perfil de habilidades comunicativas e cognitivas p?s-LHD e de caracterizar correlatos neurais de reorganiza??o cerebral de um caso p?s-LHD a partir de avalia??o por resson?ncia magn?tica funcional (fMRI). Dessa forma, o Estudo 1 contou com 39 adultos com LHD e 39 controles saud?veis, avaliados pelo Instrumento de Avalia??o Neuropsicol?gica Breve NEUPSILIN. O desempenho dos grupos foi comparado atrav?s de ANCOVA, assim como a frequ?ncia de d?ficits do grupo LHD foi calculada. O grupo com LHD apresentou pior desempenho em percep??o visual, mem?ria de reconhecimento, habilidades aritm?ticas e linguagem escrita. H? ind?cios de que recursos de avalia??o neuropsicol?gica breve podem ser ?teis para a formula??o inicial de hip?teses diagn?sticas do funcionamento cognitivo no quadro de LHD. O…

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The theme of the current thesis is the production of subjectivity in group, which is discussed, considering the complex systemic perspective as well as the operative group strategic. We believe that the comprehension of the subjective production, taking into consideration Morin s ideas, who associates physical, biological, social, spiritual aspects, and intersubjectivity, that presupposes group thinking, we observed, in the groups, formed by teachers, that a production of health reflects on their praxis. The study is presented in sections, and the first is a thematic essay, followed by two empirical sections. In the thematic essay, we proposed the development of the notion of the subject and subjectivity, from Modernity perspective, highlighting the historical and social movements that have influenced the transformation of these concepts, as well as we presented a systematic revision that spotlights the way the topic is treated in the academy and we used it, in order to confront to our point of view, that is based on the Complex Systemic Approach. The aim of the first empirical section is to understand, through the complex systemic view, how the reflection, in groups, of the teaching practice can be a strategy to the production of subjectivity. The research was carried out, through the intervention in an observed field, organized as an extension course, taught by the researcher, so this fact allowed that an operative group of teachers of a primary state school could be assembled during eight months, in order to reflect upon their professional practice. We highlighted the production of subjectivity, related to the nature of the teachers task and how the group processes it, as well as we presented three cases of participants and their modification during the process. Eventually, the second empirical section is part of the case study, presented on the first section, and its main objective is to suggest organizers, considering the complex systemic theory, and to apply it in the analysis and the comprehension of the process of the studied group. The thesis aims to provide a general overview of the subject that includes the physical, biological and social factors in a complex way, so that, thereafter, be studied from the viewpoint complex systemic production of subjectivity through the collective thinking in the operative group.

O tema da presente tese ? a produ??o de subjetividade em grupo, posta em discuss?o a partir da ?tica sist?mica complexa e da estrat?gia de grupo operativo. Defendemos que atrav?s do pensar coletivo propiciado pela reflex?o em grupo sobre o seu fazer, o docente produz sa?de. Para chegar a este entendimento trabalhamos com a produ??o de subjetividade a partir da no??o de sujeito complexo de Morin, que entrela?a o f?sico, o biol?gico, o social, o espiritual e a intersubjetividade. O trabalho ? apresentado na…

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Aging is a heterogeneous process resulting of biomarkers elicited by multiple factors, such as adverse environment.. A biomarker widely studied as a mediator of aging is the telomeres length. Telomeres are DNA-structures located at the ends of the cells with a protective function. Naturally, It tend to decrease with cell replication, however early life stress (ELS) may accelerate this process promoting premature vulnerability to chronic disease and cognitive decline. In addition, studies suggest that genetic variations such as Val66Met BDNF polymorphism constitute risk condition for memory decline, especially when interacting with aversive environmental conditions. OBJECTIVE: This thesis aimed to investigate the ELS, the Val66Met polymorphism and telomere length effects on the cognitive aging of women. METHOD: three sections are presented: the first, reviewed the neurobiological studies about the association between ELS and aging; the second, measured the telomere length of older women associated with ELS and cognitive decline and the third, examined the impact of the interaction between Val66Met BDNF polymorphism X ELS on the memory of older women. RESULTS: The first section identified neuroendocrine, immune, epigenetic and cell modifications signaling ELS as an accelerator of aging. The second, found no shorter telomeres in older women who reported ELS, but confirmed the association between telomere shortening and cognitive decline. Data from the third section confirmed the interaction between Val66Met BDNF polymorphism X ELS reduce memory performance of older women. The studies suggest telomere shortening as a biomarker of cognitive performance in women, but not directly mediated by ELS. Also, the interaction between the Val66Met BDNF polymorphism X ELS was confirmed as a significant risk condition for impairment in memory performance of older women.

O envelhecimento ? um processo heterog?nio resultante de marcadores biol?gicos desencadeados por m?ltiplos fatores, tais como ambientes adversos. Um biomarcador de envelhecimento ? o encurtamento dos tel?meros, estruturas protetoras do DNA localizadas nas suas termina??es que se reduzem com a replica??o celular. Estressores na inf?ncia podem promover uma acelera??o deste processo com manifesta??o precoce de doen?as cr?nicas e decl?nio cognitivo. Evidencia-se que a intera??o do estresse precoce X varia??es gen?ticas, como o polimorfismo Val66Met do BDNF, tamb?m se constituem em condi??o de risco para preju?zo da mem?ria no envelhecimento. OBJETIVO: investigar o impacto do estresse precoce, do polimorfismo Val66Met do BDNF e do tamanho do tel?mero no desempenho cognitivo de idosas. M?TODO: s?o apresentadas tr?s se??es: uma te?rica que revisou estudos neurobiol?gicos que investigaram a associa??o entre estresse precoce e envelhecimento e duas emp?ricas: a primeira, mensurou o…

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Attention is a cognitive function that is very often impaires in neurological disorders, such as stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI). Among the instruments that evaluate visual selective attention by means of a cancellation paradigm, The Bells Test (BT) is one of the most used and internationally known. The study of hemineglect syndrome in which patients neglect the contralateral or ipsilateral visual hemifield due to a neurological disorder- with tests of attention and visuoperception is still under development. This dissertation aimed to characterize the performance of patients with stroke or TBI in the BT. In the first study, we systematically reviewed articles with cancellation tasks in neuropsychological testing of these populations. Searching with the following keywords representing the constructs cancellation, stroke and TBI in the databases PubMed, PsycINFO and LILACS, we found 86 studies with 26 cancellation paradigms. In the second study we compared the performance between groups of 46 patients after unilateral stroke and 46 matched healthy controls, establishing as well the percentage frequency of deficits and analysed the dissociations between cases in TS. Patients with right brain damage (RBD) showed an inferior accuracy performance when compared to controls, also differing from left brain damaged adults (LBD), showing a slower speed processing. We identified 22% of RBD patients with HN, and a greater prevalence of disorganized strategies. In the third and last study, we compared the performance in TS between TBI patients and matched healthy controls. There was a poorer performance of patients with TBI with a greater number of omissions on the left side and lower speed processing. In addition, suggestive signs of HN were found in 38% of the sample of TBI patients. More research is needed to characterize clinical syndromes regarding the occurrence of HN after a TBI through the traditionally known cancellation paradigm.

A aten??o ? uma das fun??es cognitivas que se encontra muito frequentemente deficit?ria em popula??es cl?nicas neurol?gicas, tais como Acidente Vascular Cerebral e Traumatismo Cranioencef?lico (TCE). O Teste de Cancelamento dos Sinos (TS), dentre os instrumentos que operacionalizam o paradigma de cancelamento destinados ? avalia??o neuropsicol?gica da aten??o concentrada seletiva visual, ? um dos mais utilizados e valorizados internacionalmente. O estudo da hemineglig?ncia s?ndrome em que pacientes negligenciam o hemicampo visual contra ou ipsilateral ? les?o neurol?gica a partir da avalia??o por testes de aten??o e visuopercep??o ainda est? em desenvolvimento. Esta pesquisa buscou caracterizar a avalia??o da aten??o de pacientes com AVC ou TCE por tarefas de cancelamento visual, verificando-se como tais pacientes desempenham no TS. No primeiro estudo, revisaram-se sistematicamente pesquisas…

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Introdu??o: Emo??es s?o fundamentais em todo o desenvolvimento humano. Reconhecer express?es faciais de emo??es em terceiros ? uma estrat?gia valiosa de comunica??o n?o-verbal e ? particularmente relevante durante toda a inf?ncia, uma vez que a linguagem ainda n?o est? plenamente desenvolvida e as primeiras intera??es com os pares est?o come?ando. Apesar disso, poucos estudos focam no reconhecimento de faces em crian?as e a maior parte dos trabalhos utiliza est?mulos adultos, uma vez que os conjuntos de est?mulos com crian?as s?o raros. A disserta??o teve como objetivo preencher esta lacuna atrav?s do desenvolvimento da Child Emotions Pictures Set (CEPS) e investigar marcadores de desenvolvimento de reconhecimento de faces emocionais em crian?as com idade entre seis e 11 anos e os efeitos da idade, do sexo e do tempo de apresenta??o sobre ele. M?todo: A disserta??o ? composta por dois estudos. O estudo I foi desenvolvido de forma a ter uma base de dados completa que poderia permitir estudo II. O segundo estudo relata uma investiga??o emp?rica de marcadores desenvolvimentais de reconhecimento de faces emocionais em crian?as entre seis e 11 anos e o efeito do sexo, da idade e do tempo de apresenta??o do mesmo. Um experimento com base no CEPS foi apresentado a 90 crian?as divididas em tr?s grupos et?rios (6-7 anos de idade; 8-9 anos de idade; 10-11 anos de idade) de meninos e meninas. Resultados: A vers?o final do CEPS ? composta de 225 fotos de 17 crian?as, meninos e meninas, com idade entre seis e 11 anos de idade, de origens multirraciais que posaram ou naturalmente expressaram as seis emo??es b?sicas - alegria, medo, nojo, surpresa, tristeza e raiva - em tr?s intensidades - fraca, m?dia e forte - e neutralidade. O estudo II revelou que alegria apresenta as maiores m?dias de acur?cia e ? seguida em sequencia por: nojo, surpresa, raiva, medo e tristeza. O desenvolvimento do reconhecimento das express?es de faces emocionais denota seguir o curso cronol?gico da inf?ncia, contudo os resultados demonstram a inexist?ncia de uma vantagem feminina e a dura??o da exposi??o dos est?mulos n?o apresentam diferen?as significativas. Conclus?o: O CEPS contribui para o campo cient?fico, disponibilizando est?mulos infantis que se destina a ser utilizado em estudos de desenvolvimento e tamb?m permite o desenvolvimento de estudos transculturais no campo. Essa disserta??o fornece tamb?m mais evid?ncias sobre os marcadores de desenvolvimento do reconhecimento de faces emocionais e do curso cronol?gico que decorre ao longo da inf?ncia, al?m de demonstrar a n?o-exist?ncia de uma vantagem feminina nesta habilidade e que maior tempo de exposi??o a est?mulos n?o facilita o reconhecimento. Este m?todo ? suscet?vel a replica??o, permitindo o estabelecimento de marcadores de desenvolvimento do reconhecimento de express?es faciais de emo??es.

Background:…

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Family is the first group that a human being takes part of. The scientific field is showing more and more interest in the family institution and when we talk about it we should always keep in mind that each of its members is unique and singular. The Systems Theory understand the families work in order to maintain their homeostatic balance and they avoid any form of change, too. However, this constant search for homeostasis can cause dysfunctional behaviors in the families if these represent a constant in their structures. Then when one of the members of the group decides to search for healthier operation patterns it creates an imbalance in this system that generates conflicts. However family conflicts are not undesirable since they conduct to the growth of the individuals and of the group. It is considered undesirable, when these conflicts are not solved and this is generally caused by lack of communication between the members of the family. Communication is an inherent ability of man and this shows up even through gestures and glances. This phenomenon is characterized as the transmission of information from one person to another and may be intentional or unintentional. Within the family context, the communication shows itself capable of being a mediator and even facilitator of conflicts generated by dissonant attitudes and opinions and it should be open, clear and it should allow a positive problem solving. Many scientific studies have been conducted in the theme of family conflicts and their resolutions, especially in the field of childhood and adolescence.An example of this is the Family Apperception Test (FAT) that is a projective and systemic instrument indicated for children and adolescents aged between six and fifteen years old. This test collects data from the family structure and functioning process from the point of view of the person who answers to it and it is told throughout stories elaborated by this person. FAT is originally American and because of this it must be submitted to studies of adaptation to the Brazilian reality before being marketed in the country. As a result of this, there have been studies of reliability among evaluators, content validity of the instrument and the popular responses. In order to complement this major project, this thesis brings the study of evidence of validity based on internal structure of the Answers Categorization System of FAT, and it is organized into two sections. The first one is theoretical and it analyzes the issues of communication and how it can be a facilitator of family conflicts. The second section is empirical and it performs an exploratory factor analysis made with principal component analysis and varimax rotation to account for the study of evidence of validity. Throughout this work it was possible to reach five factors that were grouped in a theoretically coherent…

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The primery objective of this study is to investigate the experience of retirement experienced by retired of a banking institution. Therefore, we started from the macro aspects of retirement, exploring its etymology and attributed meanings, as well as the retirement forms existing in Brazil and its relation to aging. Using the psychoanalytic theoretical framework, we also studied the vision of work and organizations over this perspective. The research, of exploratory and qualitative nature, counted with the participation of four retired from the chosen banking institution. Socio-demographic data were collected to characterize the sample and posteriorly its was conducted a semi-structured interview with each participant. Using the discourse analysis technique, we discuss the categories seeking to understand the manifest content in the speech of the retired.

O presente estudo possui como objetivo primordial investigar a viv??ncia da aposentadoria por aposentados de uma Organiza????o banc??ria. Para tanto, partimos do aspecto macro da aposentadoria, explorando sua etimologia e significados atribu??dos, bem como as formas de aposentadoria existentes no Brasil e sua rela????o com o envelhecer. Utilizando do referencial te??rico psicanal??tico, estudamos ainda a vis??o do trabalho e das organiza????es sob esta ??tica. A pesquisa, de cunho explorat??rio e qualitativo, contou com a participa????o de quatro aposentados da Organiza????o banc??ria escolhida. Foram colhidos dados sociodemogr??ficos para caracteriza????o da amostra e posteriormente conduzida uma entrevista semiestruturada com cada participante. Fazendo uso da t??cnica de an??lise de discurso, discorremos acerca das categorias buscando o entendimento do conte??do manifesto na fala dos aposentados.

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The present thesis aims to describe the social representations of mourning and the difficulties of the sons and daughters when one or both parents died. The research develops an approach about social representations, which is the epistemological base that sustains the work, makes a historical and anthropological immersion in the cultural and religious context, bringing some meanings of death in some historical periods; Also points to the mourning and the most common feelings resulting from death in the process of elaboration, such as suffering, exposes the most common feelings resulting from this process. It also presents an approach to mourning in history and in several cultures, as well as the main theorists working on the concepts of mourning as well as the Brazilian theorists and their contribution on mourning. Regarding the methodology, it is exploratory, descriptive, with prospective data collection, using the interview technique with content analysis according to Bardin, and the Iramuteq software to analyze the similarity graphs. As for the results, the interviews allow us to verify if the sons and daughters elaborate the mourning or if there is difficulty in the elaboration. Regarding the findings, the thesis pointed out that the predominance of the view of death as transition rather than the end; There is a great influence of religion on the lives of sons and daughters, such as mass, worship, umbanda. The experience of mourning and representation are more linked to ritual, to being with the dead than age properly or, as previously mentioned, gender and schooling. It is worth noting that in this research age does not interfere in the process of mourning, that is, the interviewees, regardless of age, were able to work out their losses.

A presente tese tem por objetivo descrever as representa????es sociais de elabora????o do luto e as dificuldades dos filhos e filhas quando da morte de um ou de ambos os genitores. A pesquisa desenvolve uma abordagem acerca das representa????es sociais, que ?? a base epistemol??gica que sustenta o trabalho, faz uma imers??o hist??rica e antropol??gica no contexto cultural e religioso, trazendo algumas acep????es de morte em alguns per??odos hist??ricos; aponta, ainda, para o luto e os sentimentos mais comuns resultantes da morte no processo de elabora????o, como o sofrimento, exp??e os sentimentos mais comuns resultantes desse processo. Apresenta,…

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Pilgrimages in contemporary times have been a fruitful field for the development of research in various areas of human knowledge. However, even accompanied by important subjective and intersubjective components, the impact of this phenomenon on psychic life has not yet been studied in Psychology. This study aims at investigating the meanings that the systematic and continuous practice of the pilgrimage has for the subject who lives in the Passos de Anchieta, an event that reconstructs the historical journey made by the Jesuit saint Jos?? de Anchieta, in the Captaincy of the Holy Spirit, in the century XVI. The route begins in the state capital, Vit??ria, and travels about 100 km along the coast. The experience draws attention to the fact that it started 18 years ago with a small group of friends and, today, count on the participation of 4,000 wanderers. The intention of the research is to unveil the meaning of pilgrimage to the wanderer, seeking in the notion of meaning, in consonance with the phenomenology of Husserl and Merleau-Ponty, the foundations for the understanding of the phenomenon. The qualitative and exploratory methodology integrates two instruments, ethnography and semi-structured interviews, both also inspired by the phenomenological method. The first stage, of ethnographic description, was made with 4,000 participants in 24 hours of description. In the second stage, six wanderers were interviewed, following the following themes / axes: description of the history of the phenomenon; Meanings and impressions about the Steps of Anchieta; Experiences and reports of significant experiences obtained during the Passos de Anchieta; Transformations along the route and expectations and future projects in the Passos de Anchieta. From the results of the two instruments used, syntheses were made and, from them, variant and invariant sense units were presented. The analysis of the results was dialogued with the theoretical framework of work and other interdisciplinary theories. The results revealed that the senses that the pilgrims find in the experience are related to the corporality and that the pilgrims understand the phenomenon assigning meanings and meanings in diverse expressive modalities of sense that are as incarnated in several experiences of the way, in the form of sensations, Perceptions, directions, spiritualities,…

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This research has been structured based on two articles: a systematic review of literature and an empirical article. The review included 46 articles from the past 10 years, in order to verify which dichotic listening tests were most applied on adolescent population and which was the most frequent purpose. Those were analysed based on four topics: age group, most commonly used tests, purpose of dichotic listening tests and the most frequent pathologies.It was found that 39.13% of studies used the Consonant-vowel Dichotic Test, often used to verify cerebral laterality.Digits Dichotic Test was present in 28.26% of the studies, followed by 15.21% of Alternate Dissyllable Test (SSW). The most frequent aim was to analyse auditory laterality (21.73%). As for the empirical study, it was attended by 40 adolescents aged between 9 and 15 years, all male. They were separated in two groups (Vulnerables and Resilients) based on their performance in the Resiliency Scale for Children and Adolescent, in order to verify their performance in tasks of Auditory Processing and subscales of resiliency. The results indicated a tendency toward better performance on the Resilient group subscales and, in Auditory Processing tasks, results were significant on Digits Dichotic Test for left ear (binaural integration skills) and right ear (binaural separation skills).Dichotic listening tasks are nowadays seen as a fast, efficient, easily applicable alternative for verifying the performance of individuals of all ages in tasks of hemispheric integration and brain lateralization. Recent studies have shown differences in auditory processing tests performance of socially vulnerable adolescents. Thus, it is extremely important to understand which impact adverse social situations may have on cognitive functioning and, thenceforth, determine the best tests to be applied when the objective is to investigate the inter-hemispheric communication, brain lateralization and behavioral pattern of the Central Auditory Processing.

A presente disserta??o ? estruturada a partir de dois artigos: uma revis?o sistem?tica da literatura e um artigo emp?rico. Foram inclu?dos na revis?o sistem?tica, 46 artigos dos ?ltimos 10 anos, a fim de verificar quais os testes de escuta dic?tica s?o mais utilizados na popula??o adolescente e qual o objetivo mais frequente. Estes foram analisados a partir de quatro caracter?sticas: faixa et?ria, testes mais utilizados, finalidade dos testes de escuta dic?tica e as patologias mais frequentes. Verificou-se que 39,13% dos estudos utilizaram o Teste Dic?tico Consoante-Vogal que frequentemente ? utilizado para verificar a lateralidade cerebral. O Teste Dic?tico de D?gitos esteve presente em 28,26% dos estudos seguido pelo Teste de Diss?labos Alternados (SSW), com 15,21%. Analisar a lateralidade auditiva foi o objetivo mais frequente com 21,73%. No…

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This thesis presents studies on food practices of women of Italian lineage that reside in the mountainous regions of Rio Grande do Sul and are assisted by specialized nutrition assistance. Objective: investigate the possible relations between the culture of Italian immigrants of that region and the eating patterns of these women, obtained through them and their respective dieticians, based on Gender Studies, Social Psychology and Health Psychology. Method: in composing this thesis, three studies were carried out. The first study had the purpose of getting acquainted with the perception of professionals in the area of nutrition on the eating habits of their patients, as well as factors that interfere in the treatment and evaluation of such cases. The second study investigated the importance of women in transmitting culture in and outside family boundaries from the perspective of the participants assisted by dieticians. The third study intended to discuss the interference of emotional and ethnic-cultural factors in food reeducation of women of Italian lineage. Nine dieticians and twenty-two women assisted by the first in a process of food reeducation took part in the research through a semi-structured interview. The data obtained went through a thematic content analysis and was divided in categories. Results: the conclusion of the three studies allowed us to acknowledge the magnitude of emotional and cultural interference in the eating habits of the participants that undergo food reeducation. Furthermore, we evidence the importance of the social representations of food to comprehend the interpersonal relationships for this population. It also allowed us to recognize the permanence of the role of the maternal figure as the main responsible for the transgenerational transmission of values, beliefs and customs. Final considerations: Food reeducation is a complex process that primarily involves biological, psychological and social-cultural factors. The lack of attention to the ethnic-cultural influence may limit the spectrum of interventions in this area to both dieticians and psychologists.

A presente tese apresenta estudos sobre as pr?ticas alimentares de mulheres de ascend?ncia italiana, que residem na serra ga?cha e possuem acompanhamento nutricional especializado. Objetivo: Investigar as poss?veis rela??es entre a cultura proveniente dos(as) imigrantes italianos(as) daquela regi?o e os padr?es alimentares dessas mulheres, por interm?dio delas e das suas respectivas nutricionistas, com embasamento nos estudos de g?nero, da psicologia social e da psicologia da sa?de. M?todo: na composi??o da tese foram realizados tr?s estudos. O primeiro estudo teve como prop?sito conhecer a percep??o de profissionais da ?rea da nutri??o acerca das pr?ticas alimentares de suas pacientes, bem como os fatores que interferem na condu??o e…

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Este artigo prop??e uma an??lise do ensino de Psicologia ofertado em um curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia de uma universidade p??blica do interior da Bahia. Buscou-se investigar, junto com os estudantes, as caracter??sticas, contribui????es e desafios desse ensino para a forma????o de professores. A metodologia teve car??ter qualitativo, utilizando-se de entrevistas semiestruturadas. As mesmas foram transcritas e analisadas atrav??s da An??lise de Conte??do. Participaram do estudo vinte graduandos de Pedagogia que j?? haviam cursado as duas disciplinas de Psicologia do curso. Eles relataram a import??ncia desse conhecimento para a profiss??o, contudo argumentam sobre a necessidade de mudan??as curriculares, sobre a import??ncia da articula????o teoria-pr??tica e a vincula????o desta ??s realidades escolar e social em que atuam. S??o apontadas sugest??es para a melhora desse ensino no curso, trazendo contribui????es relevantes para o debate da Psicologia na forma????o de professores.

This article proposes an analysis of the psychology training offered to education majors from a public university of the interior of Bahia. It sought to investigate, along with the students, the characteristics, contributions, and challenges of this training in teacher education. The methodology was qualitative, using semi-structured interviews. These were transcribed and analyzed through content analysis. Twenty undergraduate education majors who had already taken the two psychology courses participated in the study. They reported on the importance of this knowledge to their profession, however, they argue for the need for changes to the course syllabi, the importance of theory-practice articulation, and the linking of this articulation to the educational and social realities in which they work. Suggestions are made for the improvement of this training in their coursework, bringing relevant contributions to the debate surrounding psychology in teacher education.

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Funda????o de Amparo ?? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia

A forma????o em Psicologia no Brasil tem sido amplamente estudada e discutida em ambientes acad??micos, desde antes da sua institucionaliza????o em universidades e faculdades. Diante da escassez de estudos cr??ticos acerca da educa????o superior nacional, este estudo prop??e examinar a forma????o universit??ria em Psicologia no Brasil como consequ??ncia da constitui????o da Educa????o Superior neste pa??s, visando ?? sua caracteriza????o, por meio de uma abordagem comparativa, tendo como objeto a forma????o em Psicologia, tal como vem sendo ofertada em institui????es federais de ensino superior. Mediante um estudo de casos m??ltiplos, buscou-se analisar a forma????o universit??ria em psicologia, no n??vel de gradua????o, tendo como objetivos espec??ficos apontar rela????es entre finalidades, objetivos e estrutura do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Os principais resultados apontam para uma estrutura de forma????o anacr??nica, n??o condizente com as especificidades ontol??gicas da Psicologia e apartada das expectativas acerca do papel das universidades na forma????o cidad?? cr??tica e profissional. Acredita-se, portanto, que a forma????o em Psicologia deve ser revista em todas as dimens??es, desde seus marcos normativos aos tipos de componentes curriculares. Aponta-se uma imprescind??vel revis??o da arquitetura acad??mica, substituindo o tradicional arranjo linear pelo regime de ciclos. Desse modo, toda a forma????o inicial estaria assentada em uma etapa proped??utica, sendo complementada numa segunda etapa que ofereceria conte??dos estruturantes do campo psicol??gico e habilitaria ?? utiliza????o de instrumentos e t??cnicas psicol??gicos indispens??veis ?? atua????o profissional. Por fim, uma profissionaliza????o mais efetiva dar-se-ia num terceiro ciclo de forma????o especializada, conforme ??reas de especialidade e atua????o ou orienta????es te??rico-metodol??gicas, em programas de resid??ncia e/ou mestrado profissional.

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FAPESB

O g??nero ?? considerado uma importante categoria social que a crian??a come??a a ter contato desde os primeiros anos de vida, tornando-se essencial durante as brincadeiras, pois ?? partir delas que observa-se as diferen??as do brincar entre meninos e meninas, no que se refere a escolha de brinquedos, tipos de brincadeiras e modos de organiza????o quanto a aspectos sociais e espaciais. O reconhecimento destas caracter??sticas torna-se poss??vel, devido a tr??s elementos que possuem uma rela????o de interdepend??ncia para melhor compreens??o das diferen??as de g??nero nas brincadeiras: segrega????o, estereotipia e tipifica????o. Diversos estudos sobre brincadeira e g??nero em diferentes contextos, revelam que crian??as podem apresentar comportamentos distintos devido as particularidades estabelecidas em cada um destes ambientes. Ao considerar a import??ncia das configura????es contextuais na constru????o das identidades de g??nero das crian??as, as plataformas digitais t??m se apresentado como um contexto inovador na promo????o das brincadeiras e de novas pr??ticas l??dicas na contemporaneidade. Levando em considera????o estas caracter??sticas, as plataformas digitais tornam-se um caminho promissor para novas investiga????es, pelo fato das crian??as acessarem frequentemente jogos presentes em sites e aplicativos endere??ados para meninos e meninas. A partir da concep????o das crian??as como sujeitos capazes de se apropriar criativamente da cultura do universo adulto em detrimento de suas pr??prias culturas, esta pesquisa objetivou analisar como se configuram a segrega????o estereotipia e tipifica????o nas brincadeiras em sites e aplicativos e de como as crian??as ressignificam as tipifica????es de g??nero presentes nos jogos para meninos e meninas. Em rela????o ao m??todo, este estudo tem car??ter explorat??rio e qualitativo. Assim, visando alcan??ar o referido objetivo, foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com 12 crian??as (6 meninos e 6 meninas), na faixa et??ria compreendida entre 6 e 11 anos, residentes em bairros perif??ricos da cidade de Salvador/BA. Os dados coletados foram gravados, posteriormente transcritos e agrupados em categorias conforme o roteiro da entrevista. Os dados analisados demonstram que, crian??as que apresentaram discursos menos estereotipados, s??o oriundos de seus respectivos n??cleos familiares, pois possuem comportamentos menos conservadores em rela????o as…

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

Introduction: The Outcome Questionnaire System (OQ System) is a system developed by the American psychologists Michael Lambert and Gary Burlingame in the early 90s; nowadays it is recognized by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration's National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices (SAMHSA's NREPP). The system is composed by questionnaires for the purpose of obtaining quantitative data on psychotherapeutic treatment in order to evaluate and monitor its outcome (Erekson, Lambert & Eggett, 2015). The results obtained through the application of the questionnaires in the context of psychotherapy helped to verify if the intervention is effective so that, through this feedback, the psychotherapist can prevent withdrawal, modify the therapeutic plan and provide feedback to the patient and the team in order to discuss the clinical case based on quantitative evidence (Nordal, 2012). Among the several questionnaires in the OQ System, the Youth Outcome Questionnaire Self-Report 2.0 (Y-OQ-SR 2.0) was developed to evaluate the psychotherapy of teenagers between 12 and 18 years old (Wells & Burlingame, 2003). The Y-OQ SR 2.0 has 64 items consisting of affirmative first-person phrases and shall be answered on a Likert scale from 0 to 4: 0 (never), 1 (rarely), 2 (sometimes), 3 (often ) and 4 (always). The items are distributed into six factors that evaluate: Intrapersonal Stress; Somatic; Interpersonal Relationships; Critical Items; Social problems; Behavioral Disorders. The questionnaire is non-theoretical and self-applied. Goal: culturally adapt the Y-OQ-SR 2.0 to the Brazilian reality. Method: the study followed the following steps: 1) From the original instrument, two translations into Portuguese were performed by two bilingual translators; 2) Synthesis of the two translations by a third translator overseen by an expert committee; 3) Evaluation of the target audience in order to investigate the understanding of the items; 4) Adjusting the instrument after a consensus among…

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

The present thesis approaches possible meanings for education in the scope of Federal Network of Scientific and Technological Education, having as main starting point the educational relations established in a Federal Institute of Scientific and Technological Education. It is organized in three sections: the first one is a virtual ethnography that launches the view to what the students of this Network say about their status as students of the Federal Institutes spread throughout the country. In the second section, the background for the analysis performed are the work experiences in the field of educational psychology, whose methodological tool used was the fieldwork notebook. In the third and last section, the objective was to give voice to the teachers of a Federal Institute, starting from the principle that they have a lot to say about the educational practices at stake in these institutions. Three complementary methodological approaches were used, all of them of ethnographic orientation: semi-structured interviews, meetings of focal group and documental analysis. In a resumption of all the researching work, it is emphasized the social and political commitment of psychology, when circulating the word, fundamental element for the constitution of the social fabric. It also highlights the fact that these institutions, despite all the expansion experienced by the Federal Education Network in recent years, still lack of a clear institutional identity, considering that they still are more subjected to the order of the economic market than to the desires of their young students. Some directions for this construction might be the availability of spaces for dialogue and collective reflection, actions that minimize the turnover of servers and, finally, the humanization of educational relations.

A presente tese aborda poss?veis sentidos para a educa??o no ?mbito da Rede Federal de Educa??o Cient?fica e Tecnol?gica, tendo como principal ponto de partida as rela??es educativas estabelecidas em um Instituto Federal de Educa??o Cient?fica e Tecnol?gica. Est? organizada em tr?s se??es, sendo a primeira uma etnografia virtual que lan?a o olhar para o que dizem os alunos desta Rede a respeito de sua condi??o de estudantes dos Institutos Federais espalhados pelo pa?s. Na segunda se??o, o pano de fundo para a an?lise realizada s?o as experi?ncias de trabalho no campo da psicologia educacional, cuja ferramenta metodol?gica utilizada foi o caderno de campo. Na terceira e ?ltima se??o, o objetivo foi dar voz aos docentes de um Instituto Federal,…

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

In this thesis a review of the self-awareness theories and instruments is used to reflect on the role of various forms of access to the phenomenon and how different levels of evidence may help build an articulated understanding of self-awareness. An attempt is made to contribute to the toolset available for investigation in the field through the adaptation of a selfawareness self-report scale. Article 1 consists of a thematic study of the self-awareness literature, from classical and analytical philosophers and early authors in psychology, to the historic disinterest in the field following the ascension of behaviorism, and the renewed interest in experimental manipulation and measurement of self-awareness in the 1970s and on, to the reappearance of multi-level models of self-awareness in the last 15 years. Article 2 consists of the translation and adaptation of the Situational Self Awareness-Scale for Brazilian adults, examining evidences of validity through exploratory factor analysis, concurrent validity comparisons with self-consciousness scales and test-retest reliability. Further exploratory and pilot studies are reported in the form of notes from the field.

Nessa disserta??o uma revis?o dos instrumentos e teorias de autoconsci?ncia s?o utilizados para refletir sobre o papel de diversas formas de acesso ao fen?meno e como diferentes n?veis de evid?ncia podem auxiliar numa compreens?o articulada da autoconsci?ncia. Uma tentativa foi feita de contribuir para as ferramentas dispon?veis para a investiga??o nesse campo atrav?s da adapta??o de uma escala de autorrelato de autoconsci?ncia situacional. O Artigo 1 consiste em um estudo tem?tico da literatura de autoconsci?ncia, desde fil?sofos cl?ssicos e anal?ticos e autores do in?cio da ci?ncia psicol?gica, ao desinteresse hist?rico pelo campo em decorr?ncia da ascens?o do comportamentalismo, e o renovado interesse na mensura??o e manipula??o experimental da autoconsci?ncia nos anos 1970 e em diante, ao reaparecimento de modelos de autoconsci?ncia de m?ltiplos n?veis nos ?ltimos 15 anos. O Artigo 2 consiste na tradu??o e adapta??o da Situational Self-Awareness Scale para adultos brasileiros, examinando as evid?ncias de validade atrav?s de an?lise fatorial explorat?ria, exame de validade concorrente com escalas de autoconsci?ncia disposicionais e fidedignidade teste-reteste. Maiores estudos explorat?rios e piloto s?o relatados como notas de campo.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS ([email protected]) on 2016-04-22T12:24:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_VANESSA_SANTOS_DA_COSTA_PARCIAL.pdf: 357004 bytes, checksum: 394abdd5d607de8d11dd42a35702b07b (MD5)

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES

The Burnout Syndrome (SB) is defined as a response to chronic job stress and can reach professionals from different fields, especially those related to care activities. Residents caregivers of the institutions for the care of children and adolescents in social vulnerability and abandonment situation, play a central role in the lives of children and adolescents sheltered because they have the role to guide and protect them, constituting themselves as a model. The high-stress situations experienced by these caregivers, which are characterized by dealing with children with serious problems, little autonomy, lack of feelings of participation in the organization, work with excess hours, role ambiguity and role conflict, favor the incidence of Burnout. This dissertation, structured in two articles, presents a literature review on the SB, the psychosocial impact of this and some intervention programs focusing on prevention and treatment (Article I). The literature review indicated that interventions focusing on individual prevention and treatment contributed to reducing the levels SB. However, the results of the intervention programs are not kept at follow-up. Therefore, to maintain the results the suggestion is continued intervention programs. The programs focused on interventions combined the individual and the organization also showed positive results, indicating that this type of intervention can be prioritized as the SB develops in relational process of the individual to the workplace. The dissertation also presents the development and evaluation of the impact of a brief intervention program to prevent SB in residents caregivers of the institutions for adolescents in situations of violence or abandonment (Article II). The intervention consisted of four sessions on a monthly basis. The impact was assessed by a quasi-experimental study. The participants were 32 caregivers divided into two groups allocated non-randomly. The intervention group (G1) was formed by 17 professionals and the control group (G2) for 15 professionals. The following instruments were applied before and after the intervention: Demographics data questionnaire and Questionnaire to evaluate the subscales Burnout Syndrome psychosocial risk assessment battery. The results indicated a reduction in dimensions indolence and guilt related to SB and reducing the perception of conflict of roles which is one of psychosocial risks evaluated in the group that underwent the intervention. In the control group, there were no changes…

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UCB

The migration dynamics in Brasilia has shown a decrease over the years, however, data point to a population of 53% of people who come from other states, seeking, for the most part, better living through work. Currently the most attractive areas the one that encompasses business activities and the civil service, offered by different spheres of the government sector. The migrant profile that demand Brasilia as the destination has been changing gradually, with an increase in age of those people who usually move with their families. Weint end this study to know aspects of the relationship of couples and families who migrate to Brasilia because of appro valor transfer of a spouse in an open competition, identifying the changes that migration causes in marital and family relationships, identify the timing of the lifecycle What happens to move to Brasilia, the sources of support before and after migration, the strategies used by the family to deal with the possible difficulties of adaptation, as well as meet the future expectations of the family. Participated in this study three families at different stages of the lifecycle, a family with teenage son, a family with little son and a childless couple. The families residing in Brasilia, at most 5 years. It is a qualitative ere search by means of case study, using the following instruments for data collection: semi-structured interview, genogram and family ecopama. An interview with each family, recorded and transcribed was held. Data were analyzed based on the constructive-interpretative method of Gonzalez-Rey. Eight zones of meaning were built from the axis of analysis and indicators. Responding to the specific objectives of the study, it was observed that: the wives showed greater difficulty in establishing meaningful links in Brasilia situation hampered by lack of own goals in the non-domestic sphere; that they have a social network provided by the work favored men make friends and experience to adapt more effectively; the most frequent contact with family members living in the home cities is more common in the family that created less ties in the new town after the change; the lack of social support networks in Brasilia seems to overload the family system may cause difficulties in the marital relationship; the possibility of the return to origin city presents itself as a strategy to sustain the initial difficulties of…

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This study addresses the issue of the construction and practice of the maternal role and aims at understanding the maternal role of adopted women who have become biological mothers based on the study of family relations throughout their family life cycle and biological and adoptive family transgenerational history. The defended thesis is that construction of the maternal role of the adopted woman is related to experiences in biological and adoptive filiations. Its theoretical outline was the psychodynamic and systemic approach. This is a qualitative research which had as instruments: Clinical Interview, Genogram, and Guide Itineraries for autobiography construction and reflection. The study included six women adopted at the age ranging from one month to twelve years, by legal or indirect adoption, with biological children, currently aged 36 to 53, with high school and college education, living with a partner, with religious or civil marriage, civil servants, formally contracted, and housewives, with family income ranging from one to seventeen minimum wages. After identifying them, three individual transcribed meetings took place in two therapeutic care centers of two private universities in Brazil. The collected data enabled the construction of their journeys, partner-family contexts, life cycle and life history. The information was analyzed based on the Qualitative Epistemology association by Gonz??lez Rey and the Life History Method by Bertaux, which led to the grouping of indicators in three areas of meaning, namely: a) The motherhood of adopted women through the transgenerational perspective discussed the participants??? biological and adoptive maternal influences, received throughout the family life cycle, from graphs based on the model of the Flow of Anxiety by Carter and McGoldrick. The results showed that the adopted women have built references anchored in the two maternal figures, either based on concrete experiences with their adoptive and biological mothers or on idealized experiences, sometimes in denial of the models considered inadequate; b) The difficult journey of becoming a mother from the experience of being a daughter reflected on the importance of the elaboration of grief experienced by the six participants in relation to the biological and adoptive mothers. It was noticed that the more elaborate the losses in childhood and…

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This study aims to understand, from a comparative perspective, the perception of children / adolescents and their families on institutional care. Based on a qualitative approach, we performed the case study of four teenagers, two of whom were still welcomed institutionally and two had returned to the care of their families. As for the procedures used, individual interviews were conducted with children and adolescents and with members of the family group, more specifically mothers, and complementary technique was employed in the preparation of drawings to support the interview one of the teenagers. The results indicated that the members of the families interviewed have different perceptions between themselves, both on the protective measure of institutional care much about the institution under which the protective measure was performed. Family members interviewed tended to justify the measure as a host factor and need to protect their children, who might have access to basic social rights such as food, shelter and education. However, the perception of those members of the institution where the research took place was extremely negative and meant as a factor of "risk" to their children, exemplified by the sale and use of drugs by teenagers in the shelter. Unlike the members of the families surveyed, interviews of children and adolescents have not offered support for the measure perception host as a protective factor. However, their perceptions coincided regarding unprotected offered by the host unit where the research was conducted. In this sense, the perceptions of children and teenagers on the institution-researched exacerbated the representation of host unit as equivalent to a prison unit without control over drug use, an environment unwelcoming and cold, with rules that more resemble a scheme prison. Data from this study highlight the challenge of units that receive institutional care adolescents under socio remain in its mission of "protection unit" and not become "unit socioeducation".

Este estudo tem o objetivo de compreender, numa perspectiva comparativa, a percep????o de crian??as/adolescentes e suas fam??lias sobre o acolhimento institucional. Com base em uma abordagem qualitativa, foi realizado o estudo de caso de quatro adolescentes, sendo que dois deles estavam ainda acolhidos institucionalmente e dois j?? haviam…

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CAPES

Introdu????o: Rela????es entre Sa??de, Religi??o e Espiritualidade est??o sendo pesquisadas em todo o mundo em institui????es de compet??ncia cient??fica e correla????es positivas est??o sendo encontradas e publicadas em ve??culos respeit??veis. A necessidade da forma????o de profissionais de sa??de capazes de lidar com a Religi??o e a Espiritualidade em sua pr??tica profissional tornou-se relevante devido ao reconhecimento do tema como importante para o melhor cuidado em sa??de. Objetivo geral: Analisar e Sintetizar o panorama brasileiro sobre as rela????es entre Religi??o, Espiritualidade e Psicologia. M??todo: Revis??o Integrativa utilizando os descritores espiritualidade OR religi??o OR terapias espirituais nas Revistas Brasileiras de Psicologia que constavam no Scielo e no PePsic. Os artigos foram classificados segundo o tema do artigo, tipo de texto, bem como, presen??a ou aus??ncia do di??logo com a ??rea de nacional de sa??de e R/E. Principais resultados: 182 artigos foram analisados de maneira geral e 10 foram analisados de forma aprofundada sobre Estrat??gias de Enfrentamento Religioso-Espiritual. Os artigos ainda s??o inconsistentes, o que denota que os artigos analisados n??o est??o em conson??ncia com a ??rea de sa??de e Religi??o/Espiritualidade emergente no mundo. Muitos artigos apresentam conceitos semelhantes ?? ??rea, bem como, vis??o positiva da R/E, embora a maioria ainda esteja apresentando uma vis??o negativa da R/E. Poucas proposi????es pr??ticas relativas ?? profiss??o do psic??logo s??o feitas nos artigos. Considera????es finais: A abordagem do tema da R/E nas Revistas Brasileiras de Psicologia ?? importante, pois, os profissionais precisam conhecer os avan??os cient??ficos da ??rea e se apropriar deles para que possam verificar a melhor forma de abordar o tema na pr??tica profissional e incluir essa abordagem na forma????o universit??ria.

Introduction: Relations between health, religion and spirituality are being studied all over the world in institutions of scientific competence and positive correlations are being found and published in respectable communication vehicle. The need to train health professionals capable to deal with Religion and Spirituality in their professional practice has become relevant due to the recognition of the importance of the theme for the best care in health. General objective: To analyze and summarize the Brazilian…

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The consequences of obesity and overweight can be analyzed by matters of mental and physical health, quality of life and social impacts. When this condition is already instated, it is necessary to act with treatments that bring benefits. The goal of the present dissertation is to report an intervention based on the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), as well as identifying the results on the Psychological Flexibility in people with obesity or overweight. In order to achieve that, the inclusion criteria were being between 18 and 59 years of age, presenting a BMI 25 or above, and having studied at least eight years, The exclusion criteria were the presence of diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder, Bipolar Mood Disorders (in active episode), Depressive Disorder (in active episode) and Substance Abuse Disorders. Instruments used: Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Binge Eating Scale (BES), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQ-II), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire for Weight (AAQ-W), Values of Life Questionnaire (VLQ), Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire - Body Image (CFQ-BI) and Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ). They were applied in three moments: before the intervention, right after the intervention, and five months after the intervention. The present study was done with 39 subjects, ages between 21 and 58, with an average of 40.9. The majority of the participants was single (35.7%) and had a college degree, either completed or not (66.7%). The participants presented a BMI between 25.3 and 51.6, with an average of 34.2 (considered obesity). In section I an experience account with patient illustrations was done. The intensive intervention presented aspects connected to ACT concepts such as experiential acceptance, cognitive defusion, Mindfulness, among others, as well as the use of Matrix diagram and the texting of messages in the weeks following. In section 2 the effects of intensive intervention on psychological flexibility, eating compulsion, depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. Of the 478 people who were interested in participating on the intervention, 181 underwent triage. Of those, 39 participated on the intervention and 29 returned for the segment evaluation. As far as results, a significant difference was found in the increase of experiential acceptance (AAQ?II F10,92; p<0,001; AAQ?W F14,94; p<0,001), in the development of cognitive defusion (CFQ F10,96; p<0,001; CFQ-BI F24,45; p<0,001), increase of consciousness and attention in the eating process (MEQ t=-3,75; p=0,001) and there was no significant difference in the importance of life values and how much they…

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There is a broad consensus in the scientific community that the deterioration of the environmental conditions of the planet, the exhaustion of natural resources, the breaking of the resilience of several natural systems, the disappearance of biological diversity and the climate crisis, are pressing questions to be answered in the agenda for a sustainable development of the human population of the planet. The Environmental Education is seen as an important tool in transforming environmental reality, establishing a new ethical order of solidarity and fairness for the formation of human conscience and construction of knowledge, through a better understanding of the problems that affect the environment, and provide the change of consumption habits and practices, which are the basis of demand that depletes the natural resources. Several studies have pointed out that the use of practices of Mindfulness can be very effective as coadjutants in the processes of clarification and self-knowledge, increasing the empathy with the natural world and thus delivering the behavioral change longed. In Brazil there is a socio-environmental education program running inside the Zen Monastery of Morro da Vargem, which for over 20 years have been working with pupils from public schools, incorporating mindfulness techniques derived from the Zen tradition, in the socio-environmental education. The importance of introducing such practice in the modern world is because those practices allow the subject to experience a new paradigm in the relationship of body and mind, overcoming the Cartesian separateness, which is a hidden dogma in our civilization, and promoting an empirical understanding of the fundamental unity body-mind through the understanding of the " embodied mind". Our hypothesis is that these mindfulness techniques allow us to experience an empirical understanding of the "embodied mind" , where reason is understood as embodied , that is shaped crucially by evolution through our body, in our neuronal structure and our functional coupling with the world , bringing a new empathic comprehension of our relationship within the environment This study is an ethnographic report describing the program, its techniques and applications, relating the experiences of the students, its reactions and statements, and the articulations they made between the experience and their lives in the school's daily routine, when confronted with the strangeness of a training in a mindfulness eastern tradition. The study was conducted in six schools in September and October 2014. We also analyzed 150 evaluation questionnaires filled out by…