subject:(Australian Imperial Force)

University of New South Wales

1. Frederickson, Lewis. The Development of Australian Infantry on the Western Front 1916-1918: An Imperial Model of Tactics, Training and Technology.

Degree: Humanities & Social Sciences, 2015, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55155 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:36626/SOURCE02?view=true

► The Anzac myth enshrines a popular history of Australian superiority on the battlefields of the Great War. Australian infantrymen were superior because Australia was a… (more)

▼ The Anzac myth enshrines a popular history of Australian superiority on the battlefields of the Great War. Australian infantrymen were superior because Australia was a frontier nation whose people possessed independent initiative, resourcefulness, and moral and physical courage. These qualities were transferred straight into the Australian Imperial Force (AIF). This thesis makes a critical examination of the myth. It details how Australian infantry on the Western Front developed into a highly disciplined and professional element of the wider British Army in the period from 1916-1918. This occurred through standardised training and tactics, hard earned operational experience, and with technically enabled mastery. After Gallipoli, Australia was a relative latecomer to Europe, and arrived in mid-1916. The force experienced comparable losses to the British Army on the Somme, becoming a benefactor of the British learning process. Contrary to the Anzac myth, the five Australian divisions on the Western Front only realised their potential in 1918 when they were amalgamated into a corps. In this thesis, Chapter 1 provides a historiography of the Australian infantry's experience on the Western Front in comparison to a similar sized formation, the Canadian Corps. The Canadians are also used as a comparison in subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 highlights how all British and Dominion infantrymen undertook standardised basic training after 1916. Chapter 3 shows how Australian infantry benefitted from tactical developments in the British Army after the Somme experience. Chapter 4 details how this was consolidated by robust reinforcement, and by a specialist training system of Army Schools. Chapter 5 shows the Australian use of platoon level weapons systems in line with the British Army. Chapter 6 highlights the reality of the qualities of the individual Australian soldier and exposes the Anzac myth. Chapter 7 indicates how Australian leadership provided a top down impetus for the development of Australian infantry. Finally, Chapter 8 presents the apogee of Australian battlefield effectiveness in 1918 with the infantry coming under Monash as a homogenous corps. The conclusion ties these threads together by indicating how Australian development occurred in conjunction with remarkable British activity in the last year of the war. Advisors/Committee Members: Connor, John, Humanities & Social Sciences, UNSW Canberra, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Doctrine; Australian Imperial Force; Training; Imperial; Canadian Expeditionary Force

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APA (6^th Edition):

Frederickson, L. (2015). The Development of Australian Infantry on the Western Front 1916-1918: An Imperial Model of Tactics, Training and Technology. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55155 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:36626/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Frederickson, Lewis. “The Development of Australian Infantry on the Western Front 1916-1918: An Imperial Model of Tactics, Training and Technology.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55155 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:36626/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Frederickson, Lewis. “The Development of Australian Infantry on the Western Front 1916-1918: An Imperial Model of Tactics, Training and Technology.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Frederickson L. The Development of Australian Infantry on the Western Front 1916-1918: An Imperial Model of Tactics, Training and Technology. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55155 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:36626/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Frederickson L. The Development of Australian Infantry on the Western Front 1916-1918: An Imperial Model of Tactics, Training and Technology. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2015. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55155 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:36626/SOURCE02?view=true

University of New South Wales

2. Westerman, William. Soldiers and Gentlemen: Australian Battalion Commanders in the Great War 1914-1918.

Degree: Humanities & Social Sciences Canberra, 2014, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54005 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12713/SOURCE02?view=true

► This thesis examines the infantry battalion commanders of the first Australian Imperial Force during the First World War. Although the command of an infantry battalion… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Battalion Command; First World War; Australian Imperial Force; Leadership; Command

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APA (6^th Edition):

Westerman, W. (2014). Soldiers and Gentlemen: Australian Battalion Commanders in the Great War 1914-1918. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54005 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12713/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Westerman, William. “Soldiers and Gentlemen: Australian Battalion Commanders in the Great War 1914-1918.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54005 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12713/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Westerman, William. “Soldiers and Gentlemen: Australian Battalion Commanders in the Great War 1914-1918.” 2014. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Westerman W. Soldiers and Gentlemen: Australian Battalion Commanders in the Great War 1914-1918. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54005 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12713/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Westerman W. Soldiers and Gentlemen: Australian Battalion Commanders in the Great War 1914-1918. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2014. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54005 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12713/SOURCE02?view=true

Australian National University

3. Jordan, Lucas Tom. A Few Daring Men: Stealth Raiders of the Australian Infantry, 1918 .

Degree: 2016, Australian National University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116798

► In 1918 a few daring low ranking Australian infantrymen, alone among all the armies on the Western Front, initiated stealth raids without orders. This thesis… (more)

▼ In 1918 a few daring low ranking Australian infantrymen, alone among all the armies on the Western Front, initiated stealth raids without orders. This thesis examines this distinct but neglected group. Stealth raiders killed Germans, captured prisoners and advanced the line. They were held in high regard by other men of the lower ranks and feared by the Germans facing them. Since the official historian CEW Bean laid down his pen in 1942, historians have not considered the distinctive character and motivation of these men. The premise of this thesis is that such men should not be forgotten. Bean called stealth raids, “peaceful penetration” but this thesis argues that the name is inappropriate because “peaceful penetration” was a term that higher command used, sometimes for actions other than stealth raids. The term did not emanate from the original stealth raiders. The thesis is the most comprehensive account yet written on stealth raids. Using first-hand accounts in official archives and private records in Australia and overseas, the thesis asks who were stealth raiders? Why did they do it? How significant were their actions? The thesis answers these questions using a historical narrative and analysis that describes all the stealth raids uncovered during the research. The account considers the stealth raiders’ war experience and training, the unprecedented topographic and environmental conditions at the front, and the quality and morale of the German Army in 1918. It also goes beyond these to consider the influence of Australian civil society and in particular the “bush ethos”. The thesis is original not only for its primary narrative, but also because it undermines the contemporary fashion of dismissing the importance of bush skills and the bush ethos in the AIF. It demonstrates that bush skills gave some stealth raiders an edge and that the bush ethos, with its high premium on resourcefulness and initiative contributed to making stealth raids a distinctively Australian phenomenon.

Subjects/Keywords: A Few Daring Men; Stealth Raiders; Stealth Raids; peaceful penetration; Australian Infantry 1918; Australian Imperial Force (AIF); Western Front; 1918; bush ethos

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jordan, L. T. (2016). A Few Daring Men: Stealth Raiders of the Australian Infantry, 1918 . (Thesis). Australian National University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116798

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jordan, Lucas Tom. “A Few Daring Men: Stealth Raiders of the Australian Infantry, 1918 .” 2016. Thesis, Australian National University. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116798.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jordan, Lucas Tom. “A Few Daring Men: Stealth Raiders of the Australian Infantry, 1918 .” 2016. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Jordan LT. A Few Daring Men: Stealth Raiders of the Australian Infantry, 1918 . [Internet] [Thesis]. Australian National University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116798.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jordan LT. A Few Daring Men: Stealth Raiders of the Australian Infantry, 1918 . [Thesis]. Australian National University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116798

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of New South Wales

4. Mallett, Ross A. The Interplay between Technology, Tactics and Organisation in the First AIF.

Degree: History, 1999, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38710 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3244/SOURCE01?view=true

► The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the interplay between the technology, tactics and organisation of the First AIF. Warfare in the twentieth warfare… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Gallipoli; Western Front; Semi Open Warfare; Messines; Third Ypres; Sinai; Palestine; German Offensives; World War One; WWI; Australian Imperial Force

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mallett, R. A. (1999). The Interplay between Technology, Tactics and Organisation in the First AIF. (Masters Thesis). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38710 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3244/SOURCE01?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mallett, Ross A. “The Interplay between Technology, Tactics and Organisation in the First AIF.” 1999. Masters Thesis, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38710 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3244/SOURCE01?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mallett, Ross A. “The Interplay between Technology, Tactics and Organisation in the First AIF.” 1999. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mallett RA. The Interplay between Technology, Tactics and Organisation in the First AIF. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of New South Wales; 1999. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38710 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3244/SOURCE01?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Mallett RA. The Interplay between Technology, Tactics and Organisation in the First AIF. [Masters Thesis]. University of New South Wales; 1999. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38710 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3244/SOURCE01?view=true

University of Adelaide

5. Brugger, Suzanne. Relations between Egyptian civilians and the men of the A.I.F., 1914-1919.

Degree: 1978, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115058

Subjects/Keywords: Australia. Army – Australian Imperial Force, 1914-1921 (Egypt); European war, 1914-1918 – Regimental Histories – Australia; Australians in Egypt; Egypt – History – Insurrection, 1919

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brugger, S. (1978). Relations between Egyptian civilians and the men of the A.I.F., 1914-1919. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115058

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brugger, Suzanne. “Relations between Egyptian civilians and the men of the A.I.F., 1914-1919.” 1978. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115058.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brugger, Suzanne. “Relations between Egyptian civilians and the men of the A.I.F., 1914-1919.” 1978. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Brugger S. Relations between Egyptian civilians and the men of the A.I.F., 1914-1919. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 1978. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115058.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Brugger S. Relations between Egyptian civilians and the men of the A.I.F., 1914-1919. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 1978. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115058

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of New South Wales

6. Faraday, Bruce Douglas. Half the battle : the administration and higher organisation of the AIF 1914-1918.

Degree: History, 1997, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38693 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3217/SOURCE01?view=true

► Administration of armies has been sadly neglected in historical studies but the ability of the AIF to develop an efficient system of administration and to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: World War; 1914-1918; Armed Forces; Australian Imperial Force; AIF; Canadian Expeditionary Force; CEF; military administration; army; war supply; equipment; equipping; demobilisation; demobilise; discipline; medical service; organisation; organization; management

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APA (6^th Edition):

Faraday, B. D. (1997). Half the battle : the administration and higher organisation of the AIF 1914-1918. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38693 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3217/SOURCE01?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Faraday, Bruce Douglas. “Half the battle : the administration and higher organisation of the AIF 1914-1918.” 1997. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38693 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3217/SOURCE01?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Faraday, Bruce Douglas. “Half the battle : the administration and higher organisation of the AIF 1914-1918.” 1997. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Faraday BD. Half the battle : the administration and higher organisation of the AIF 1914-1918. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 1997. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38693 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3217/SOURCE01?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Faraday BD. Half the battle : the administration and higher organisation of the AIF 1914-1918. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 1997. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38693 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3217/SOURCE01?view=true

University of New South Wales

7. Bou, Jean. The evolution and development of the Australian Light Horse, 1860-1945.

Degree: Humanities & Social Sciences, 2005, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38689 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3268/SOURCE02?view=true

► Despite the place that the Light Horse occupies in Australias military history and the national martial mythology, there has not yet been a scholarly attempt… (more)

▼ Despite the place that the Light Horse occupies in Australias military history and the national martial mythology, there has not yet been a scholarly attempt to investigate the evolution and development of Australias mounted branch. This thesis is the first attempt to fill this gap in our knowledge and understanding of the history of the Australian Army. In doing so it will consider the ways in which the Light Horse evolved, the place it had in defence thinking, the development of its doctrine, its organisational changes and the way in which that organisation and its men interacted with their society. This thesis firstly analyses the role and place of the mounted soldier in the British and colonial/dominion armies in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries before going on to examine what effects the debates about this had on the development of Australias mounted troops. It will find that in the nineteenth century the disparate mounted units of the Australian colonies were established mainly along the organisational model of the mounted rifleman. Influenced by social ideas about citizen soldier horsemen and a senior officer with firm views, this model continued to be used by the new Light Horse until well into the First World War. During that war it was gradually discovered that this military model had its limitations and by the end of the war much of the Light Horse had become cavalry. This discovery in turn meant that during the inter-war period cavalrycontinued to be part of the army. Analysed in depth also are the many organisational changes that affected the mounted branch during its existence. Some of these reflected doctrinal and tactical lessons, and others were the result of various plans by the government and military authorities to improve the army. It will be seen that regardless of these plans part-time citizen horse units continued to have many problems and they rarely came to be what the government wanted of them. That they were as strong as they were was testimony to the efforts of a dedicated and enthusiastic few.

Subjects/Keywords: Australian Light Horse; Army; cavalry; World War; citizen soldiers; soldier; organisation; organization; Light Horse Brigade; Light Horse Regiment; Mounted Rifles; Australian military history; Australia; Australian Imperial Force; 1914-1918; Light Horsemen; World War One; World War 1; World War I; South African War; 1899-1902; Boer War; mounted troops

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bou, J. (2005). The evolution and development of the Australian Light Horse, 1860-1945. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38689 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3268/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bou, Jean. “The evolution and development of the Australian Light Horse, 1860-1945.” 2005. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38689 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3268/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bou, Jean. “The evolution and development of the Australian Light Horse, 1860-1945.” 2005. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bou J. The evolution and development of the Australian Light Horse, 1860-1945. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2005. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38689 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3268/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Bou J. The evolution and development of the Australian Light Horse, 1860-1945. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2005. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38689 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3268/SOURCE02?view=true

University of New South Wales

8. Millar, John Dermot. A study in the limitations of command : General Sir William Birdwood and the A.I.F., 1914-1918.

Degree: History, 1993, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38742 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3250/SOURCE01?view=true

► Military command is the single most important factor in the conduct of warfare. To understand war and military success and failure, historians need to explore… (more)

▼ Military command is the single most important factor in the conduct of warfare. To understand war and military success and failure, historians need to explore command structures and the relationships between commanders. In World War I, a new level of higher command had emerged: the corps commander. Between 1914 and 1918, the role of corps commanders and the demands placed upon them constantly changed as experiences brought illumination and insight. Yet the men who occupied these positions were sometimes unable to cope with the changing circumstances and the many significant limitations which were imposed upon them. Of the World War I corps commanders, William Birdwood was one of the longest serving. From the time of his appointment in December 1914 until May 1918, Birdwood acquired an experience of corps command which was perhaps more diverse than his contemporaries during this time. He is, then, an ideal subject for a prolonged assessment of this level of command. This thesis has two principal objectives. The first is to identify and assess those factors which limited Birdwood’s capacity and ability to command. The second is to explore the institutional constraints placed on corps commanders during the 1914-1918 war. Surprisingly, this is a comparatively barren area of research. Because very few officers spent much time as corps commanders on their way to higher command appointments and because the role of the corps commanders in military planning and in the conduct of operations was not immediately apparent, their role has been practically ignored. Historians have tended to concentrate on the Army and divisional levels creating a deficient view of higher military command in World War I. However, corps commanders could and did play an important part in planning operations and in military affairs generally. Birdwood’s experience at Gallipoli and in France reflect some of the changes to command structures that were prompted by the successes and failures of operations directed at the corps level. In as much as these two theatres of war were vastly different and Birdwood was confronted with dissimilar problems, it is possible to draw some general conclusions about the evolution of higher command after 1914. Using a wide range of primary and secondary sources located in Australian and British archives, this thesis traces Birdwood’s career as a corps commander at Gallipoli and on the Western Front. It also examines his tenure as G.O.C. of the A.I.F.

Subjects/Keywords: General William Birdwood; military command; command structures; officers; World War I; World War One; World War 1; 1914-1918; military planning; operations; Army; Gallipoli; Western Front; France; Australian Imperial Force (A.I.F.) corp command; corps commanders

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APA (6^th Edition):

Millar, J. D. (1993). A study in the limitations of command : General Sir William Birdwood and the A.I.F., 1914-1918. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38742 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3250/SOURCE01?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Millar, John Dermot. “A study in the limitations of command : General Sir William Birdwood and the A.I.F., 1914-1918.” 1993. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38742 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3250/SOURCE01?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Millar, John Dermot. “A study in the limitations of command : General Sir William Birdwood and the A.I.F., 1914-1918.” 1993. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Millar JD. A study in the limitations of command : General Sir William Birdwood and the A.I.F., 1914-1918. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 1993. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38742 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3250/SOURCE01?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Millar JD. A study in the limitations of command : General Sir William Birdwood and the A.I.F., 1914-1918. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 1993. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38742 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3250/SOURCE01?view=true

9. Hodges, Ian Leslie. 'He belonged to Wagga': The Great War, the AIF and returned soldiers in an Australian country town .

Degree: 2017, Australian National University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/131446

► This thesis follows the First World War generation from the Wagga Wagga district in southern New South Wales through the late nineteenth century to the… (more)

▼ This thesis follows the First World War generation from the Wagga Wagga district in southern New South Wales through the late nineteenth century to the mid-1930s. The environment in which Wagga’s soldiers grew up, their months or years in the army and their lives as returned men touch on the war’s most enduring themes. Wagga’s volunteers were the country men of AIF lore. Yet many earned their living in the same professions and occupations as city dwellers. While those who laboured on farms or worked as tradesmen might have been the bush men described by contemporaries like Charles Bean, a significant proportion of Wagga’s soldiers were not. Many of the local men who survived the war were profoundly affected. Some never recovered. But the evidence also indicates the breadth of returned soldiers’ involvement in the community. As well as the unemployed, the destitute, those who needed constant care and those who turned to crime, there were veterans who had jobs and families and managed to live what could be considered normal lives. Local war veterans who succeeded in business or politics, or who were active in community organisations, feature heavily in Wagga’s civic record, but most of the district’s returned men appear only fleetingly. While little of their personal and family lives can be gleaned from these sources, this absence is balanced by the often detailed and sometimes first-hand accounts of individuals’ circumstances in Repatriation Department files. Although these voluminous records are becoming better known they have not previously been used to inform an in-depth study of a single locale’s returned soldiers. The Government and civic records on Wagga combine to reveal the nuances that underlie the broader national story of the war and the AIF. On many important themes the district’s example suggests both the truth behind commonly accepted views and the extent to which they obscure a more complex reality.

Subjects/Keywords: Wagga Wagga; First World War; Australian Imperial Force; returned soldiers; repatriation; soldier settlement scheme; returned soldiers' associations; Great Depression; rural life in Australia; recruitment; conscription; Gallipoli; Western Front; Legacy; Wagga Wagga Experiment Farm; memorials

…war veterans in the Australian colonies had mostly served in the British Army or Navy, but… …in March 1885 eight men of Wagga’s recently formed local volunteer force, G Company of the… …the uniform of an Australian colony. While the contingent was still on its homeward voyage… …largest conflict in which the Australian colonies were involved. It was also, in its final… …5 Wagga Advertiser, 2 June 1885. The Australian War Memorial’s Sudan nominal roll lists…

10 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hodges, I. L. (2017). 'He belonged to Wagga': The Great War, the AIF and returned soldiers in an Australian country town . (Thesis). Australian National University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1885/131446

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hodges, Ian Leslie. “'He belonged to Wagga': The Great War, the AIF and returned soldiers in an Australian country town .” 2017. Thesis, Australian National University. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/131446.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hodges, Ian Leslie. “'He belonged to Wagga': The Great War, the AIF and returned soldiers in an Australian country town .” 2017. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hodges IL. 'He belonged to Wagga': The Great War, the AIF and returned soldiers in an Australian country town . [Internet] [Thesis]. Australian National University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/131446.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hodges IL. 'He belonged to Wagga': The Great War, the AIF and returned soldiers in an Australian country town . [Thesis]. Australian National University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/131446

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of New South Wales

10. Regan, Patrick Michael. Neglected Australians : prisoners of war from the Western Front, 1916-1918.

Degree: Humanities & Social Sciences, 2005, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38686 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3267/SOURCE01?view=true

► About 3850 men of the First Australian Imperial Force were captured on the Western Front in France and Belgium between April 1916 and November 1918.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: AIF; Australian Imperial Force; prisoners of war; POW; Germans; capture; captured; officers; NCOs; non-commissioned officers; soldiers; escapes; wounded; sick; First World War; international agreements; hospitals; influenza pandemic; internment; exchange; captivity; repatriation; illness; death; Australian War Memorial (AWM); WWI; history; Western Front; France; Belgium; official histories; Australians; casualties; army; armies; World War I; World War One; 1st World War; 1914-1918; treatment; Germany

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APA (6^th Edition):

Regan, P. M. (2005). Neglected Australians : prisoners of war from the Western Front, 1916-1918. (Masters Thesis). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38686 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3267/SOURCE01?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Regan, Patrick Michael. “Neglected Australians : prisoners of war from the Western Front, 1916-1918.” 2005. Masters Thesis, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38686 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3267/SOURCE01?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Regan, Patrick Michael. “Neglected Australians : prisoners of war from the Western Front, 1916-1918.” 2005. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Regan PM. Neglected Australians : prisoners of war from the Western Front, 1916-1918. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of New South Wales; 2005. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38686 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3267/SOURCE01?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Regan PM. Neglected Australians : prisoners of war from the Western Front, 1916-1918. [Masters Thesis]. University of New South Wales; 2005. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38686 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:3267/SOURCE01?view=true

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