subject:(Atmosphere Laser observations)

Ryerson University

1. Yan, Wai, Yeung. Radiometric correction and normalization of airborne LiDAR intensity data for land cover classification.

Degree: 2012, Ryerson University

URL: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A2947

► Airborne Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) has been used extensively to model the topography of the Earth surface by emitting laser pulses and measuring the… (more)

▼ Airborne Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) has been used extensively to model the topography of the Earth surface by emitting laser pulses and measuring the distance (range) between the LiDAR sensor and the illuminated object as well as the backscattered laser energy (intensity). Nowadays, airborne LiDAR systems operating in near-infrared spectrum are also gaining a high level of interest for surface classification and object recognition. Nevertheless, due to the system- and environmental- induced distortions, airborne LiDAR intensity data requires certain correction and normalization schemes to maximize the benefits from the collected data. The first part of the thesis presents a correction model for airborne LiDAR intensity data based on the radar (range) equation. To fill the gap in current research, the thesis introduces a set of correction parameters considering the attenuation due to atmospheric absorption and scattering which have not been previously considered. The thesis further derives a set of equations to compute the laser incidence angle based on the LiDAR data point cloud and GPS trajectory. In the second part of the thesis, a normalization model is proposed to adjust the radiometric misalignment amongst overlapping airborne LiDAR intensity data. The model is built upon the use of a Gaussian mixture modeling technique for fitting the intensity histogram which can then be partitioned into several sub-histograms. Finally, sub-histogram equalization is applied to calibrate the LiDAR intensity data. To evaluate the effects of the proposed methods, a LiDAR dataset covering an urban area with three different scans was used for experimental testing. The results showed that the coefficient of variance of five land cover features were significantly reduced by 70% to 82% and 33% to 80% after radiometric correction and radiometric normalization, respectively. Land cover classification was conducted on the LiDAR intensity data where accuracy improvements of up to 15% and 16.5% were found on the classification results using the radiometrically corrected intensity data, and radiometrically corrected and normalized intensity data, respectively. With the improved land cover homogeneity and classification accuracy, the effectiveness of the proposed approach was demonstrated. The outcome of the thesis fills the gap in existing airborne LiDAR research and paves the way for the future development of LiDAR data processing system. Advisors/Committee Members: Shaker, Ahmed (Thesis advisor), Ryerson University (Degree grantor).

Subjects/Keywords: Atmosphere – Laser observations; Atmospheric physics – Remote sensing; Optical radar – Observations; Earth sciences – Data processing; Earth sciences – Remote sensing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yan, Wai, Y. (2012). Radiometric correction and normalization of airborne LiDAR intensity data for land cover classification. (Thesis). Ryerson University. Retrieved from https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A2947

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yan, Wai, Yeung. “Radiometric correction and normalization of airborne LiDAR intensity data for land cover classification.” 2012. Thesis, Ryerson University. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A2947.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yan, Wai, Yeung. “Radiometric correction and normalization of airborne LiDAR intensity data for land cover classification.” 2012. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Yan, Wai Y. Radiometric correction and normalization of airborne LiDAR intensity data for land cover classification. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A2947.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yan, Wai Y. Radiometric correction and normalization of airborne LiDAR intensity data for land cover classification. [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2012. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A2947

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

2. Young, Stuart Ashleigh. Lidar studies of atmospheric aerosols / by S.A. Young.

Degree: 1980, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21456

Subjects/Keywords: Aerosols.; Atmosphere Laser observations.; Optical radar.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Young, S. A. (1980). Lidar studies of atmospheric aerosols / by S.A. Young. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21456

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Young, Stuart Ashleigh. “Lidar studies of atmospheric aerosols / by S.A. Young.” 1980. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21456.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Young, Stuart Ashleigh. “Lidar studies of atmospheric aerosols / by S.A. Young.” 1980. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Young SA. Lidar studies of atmospheric aerosols / by S.A. Young. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 1980. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21456.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Young SA. Lidar studies of atmospheric aerosols / by S.A. Young. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 1980. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21456

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

3. Chen, Feng. Range-resolved cross-wind remote sensing using a polychromatic AlGaAs semiconductor laser.

Degree: PhD, 1996, Oregon Health Sciences University

URL: doi:10.6083/M4ZC80SN ; http://digitalcommons.ohsu.edu/etd/155

Subjects/Keywords: Atmosphere – Laser observations; Optical detectors; Semiconductor lasers

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, F. (1996). Range-resolved cross-wind remote sensing using a polychromatic AlGaAs semiconductor laser. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon Health Sciences University. Retrieved from doi:10.6083/M4ZC80SN ; http://digitalcommons.ohsu.edu/etd/155

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Feng. “Range-resolved cross-wind remote sensing using a polychromatic AlGaAs semiconductor laser.” 1996. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon Health Sciences University. Accessed January 26, 2021. doi:10.6083/M4ZC80SN ; http://digitalcommons.ohsu.edu/etd/155.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Feng. “Range-resolved cross-wind remote sensing using a polychromatic AlGaAs semiconductor laser.” 1996. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chen F. Range-resolved cross-wind remote sensing using a polychromatic AlGaAs semiconductor laser. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon Health Sciences University; 1996. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: doi:10.6083/M4ZC80SN ; http://digitalcommons.ohsu.edu/etd/155.

Council of Science Editors:

Chen F. Range-resolved cross-wind remote sensing using a polychromatic AlGaAs semiconductor laser. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon Health Sciences University; 1996. Available from: doi:10.6083/M4ZC80SN ; http://digitalcommons.ohsu.edu/etd/155

University of Arizona

4. Spinhirne, James Dale, 1948-. Monitering of tropospheric aerosol optical properties by laser radar .

Degree: 1977, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565386

Subjects/Keywords: Atmosphere – Laser observations.; Troposphere.; Optical radar.; Aerosols – Optical properties.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Spinhirne, James Dale, 1. (1977). Monitering of tropospheric aerosol optical properties by laser radar . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565386

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Spinhirne, James Dale, 1948-. “Monitering of tropospheric aerosol optical properties by laser radar .” 1977. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565386.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Spinhirne, James Dale, 1948-. “Monitering of tropospheric aerosol optical properties by laser radar .” 1977. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Spinhirne, James Dale 1. Monitering of tropospheric aerosol optical properties by laser radar . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1977. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565386.

Council of Science Editors:

Spinhirne, James Dale 1. Monitering of tropospheric aerosol optical properties by laser radar . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1977. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565386

University of Arizona

5. McDonnell, John Joseph, 1944-. Investigation of the use of a minicomputer for the reduction of data from lidar measurements of atmospheric gases by differential absorption .

Degree: 1976, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347994

Subjects/Keywords: Atmosphere – Analysis – Data processing.; Atmosphere – Laser observations – Data processing.; Optical radar – Data processing.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

McDonnell, John Joseph, 1. (1976). Investigation of the use of a minicomputer for the reduction of data from lidar measurements of atmospheric gases by differential absorption . (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347994

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McDonnell, John Joseph, 1944-. “Investigation of the use of a minicomputer for the reduction of data from lidar measurements of atmospheric gases by differential absorption .” 1976. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347994.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McDonnell, John Joseph, 1944-. “Investigation of the use of a minicomputer for the reduction of data from lidar measurements of atmospheric gases by differential absorption .” 1976. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

McDonnell, John Joseph 1. Investigation of the use of a minicomputer for the reduction of data from lidar measurements of atmospheric gases by differential absorption . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 1976. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347994.

Council of Science Editors:

McDonnell, John Joseph 1. Investigation of the use of a minicomputer for the reduction of data from lidar measurements of atmospheric gases by differential absorption . [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 1976. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347994

6. Laine, Patrick L. Laser flash photolysis studies of halogen atom reactions of atmospheric interest.

Degree: PhD, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2011, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42817

► The Earth's atmosphere is a large photochemical reactor consisting primarily of N2 (~78%) and O2 (~21%) with Ar and water vapor being the next most… (more)

▼ The Earth's atmosphere is a large photochemical reactor consisting primarily of N2 (~78%) and O2 (~21%) with Ar and water vapor being the next most abundant constituents. All of the remaining gases in the atmosphere are referred to as 'trace gases', and they play a critical role in understanding climate change, urban air quality, ozone production and depletion, and in determining the overall 'health' of the atmosphere. These trace components are present in our atmosphere with mixing ratios, i.e., mole fractions, ranging from sub parts per trillion to several hundred parts per million. One class of trace constituents that play a critical role in atmospheric chemistry are free radicals. Free radicals are highly reactive, often initiating the oxidation of natural and anthropogenic atmospheric species, thereby often controlling the fate and lifetimes of these species. The research comprising this dissertation focuses on laboratory studies of the kinetics and mechanisms of free radical (atomic halogen) reactions that can impact the levels of important trace atmospheric species. In the studies reported herein, laser flash photolysis (LFP) was coupled with time resolved atomic resonance fluorescence (RF) spectroscopic detection of Cl or Br atoms to investigate halogen atom chemistry. The research addresses three groups of reactions: Cl atom reactions with alkyl bromides, Cl and Br-initiated oxidations of small (C2-C6) alkenes, and Cl reactions with CH3SCH3 (DMS, dimethylsulfide) and CH3SeCH3 (DMSe, dimethylselenide). The alkyl bromide reactions were experimentally unique in that we were able to deduce kinetics of the Cl atom reaction with bromoethane, n-bromopropane, and 1,2-dibromoethane by monitoring the appearance of the Br product by LFP-RF. The Br is formed via elimination that occurs essentially instantaneously following β-H abstraction by the Cl atom. All three of the bromoalkanes investigated are emitted into the atmosphere primarily from anthropogenic sources and all three have been identified by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) as very short-lived (lifetime less than 6 months) source gases with significant ozone depletion potentials (ODPs). Additionally, the bromoalkanes mentioned above have been of interest as model compounds for larger partially halogenated organics found in the atmosphere, and they have been considered as potential replacement compounds for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) that have been banned as a result of the Montreal Protocol. Brominated very short-lived compounds are thought to contribute 20-25% of total stratospheric bromine. Thus, there is considerable interest in understanding the atmospheric chemistry of even the most short-lived organic bromine compounds. Temporal profiles of Br atoms provided important kinetic and mechanistic insight for the reactions over a wide range of temperature and pressure. Temperature-dependent rate coefficients are determined for the alkyl bromides of interest for the first time, and the potential importance of the Cl reaction as an… Advisors/Committee Members: Paul Wine (Committee Chair), Athanasios Nenes (Committee Member), Greg Huey (Committee Member), Rodney Weber (Committee Member), Thomas Orlando (Committee Member).

Subjects/Keywords: Bromine atom reactions; Chlorine atom reactions; Halogen atoms; Gas phase reactions; Free radical reactions; Free radicals (Chemistry); Chemical reactions; Thermochemistry; Atmosphere; Atmosphere Laser observations

…and IO) 178 ix LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Schematic Diagram of the Laser Flash… …Theoretical Structures of DMS−Cl and DMSe−Cl adducts 172 xii SUMMARY The Earth‘s atmosphere is a… …in the atmosphere are referred to as ‗trace gases‘, and they play a critical role in… …the overall ‗health‘ of the atmosphere. These trace components are present in our atmosphere… …laser flash photolysis (LFP) was coupled with time resolved atomic resonance…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Laine, P. L. (2011). Laser flash photolysis studies of halogen atom reactions of atmospheric interest. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42817

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Laine, Patrick L. “Laser flash photolysis studies of halogen atom reactions of atmospheric interest.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42817.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Laine, Patrick L. “Laser flash photolysis studies of halogen atom reactions of atmospheric interest.” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Laine PL. Laser flash photolysis studies of halogen atom reactions of atmospheric interest. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42817.

Council of Science Editors:

Laine PL. Laser flash photolysis studies of halogen atom reactions of atmospheric interest. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42817

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