subject:(Arachidonic acid)

NSYSU

1. Wu, Shih-Ting. Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on growth performance and immune responses of juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides.

Degree: Master, Marine Biology, 2011, NSYSU

URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0907111-144944

► This research studied the dietary effect of arachidonic acid (ARA) on growth performance and immune responses in juvenile grouper (Epinephelus coioides). The test diets used… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: grouper; arachidonic acid

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wu, S. (2011). Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on growth performance and immune responses of juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides. (Thesis). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0907111-144944

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wu, Shih-Ting. “Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on growth performance and immune responses of juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides.” 2011. Thesis, NSYSU. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0907111-144944.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wu, Shih-Ting. “Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on growth performance and immune responses of juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides.” 2011. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Wu S. Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on growth performance and immune responses of juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides. [Internet] [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2011. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0907111-144944.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wu S. Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on growth performance and immune responses of juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides. [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2011. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0907111-144944

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Alberta

2. Alsaad,Abdulaziz M. Role of CYP-mediated Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Chronic Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity.

Degree: MS, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/n870zs18z

► Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is classified as a predisposing factor leading to cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Of importance, doxorubicin (DOX, adriamycin) is considered as an effective… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Arachidonic acid; cardiac hypertrophy; cardiotoxicity

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APA (6^th Edition):

M, A. (2012). Role of CYP-mediated Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Chronic Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/n870zs18z

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

M, Alsaad,Abdulaziz. “Role of CYP-mediated Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Chronic Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity.” 2012. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed January 24, 2020. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/n870zs18z.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

M, Alsaad,Abdulaziz. “Role of CYP-mediated Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Chronic Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity.” 2012. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

M A. Role of CYP-mediated Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Chronic Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 2012. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/n870zs18z.

Council of Science Editors:

M A. Role of CYP-mediated Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Chronic Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 2012. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/n870zs18z

Louisiana State University

3. Gilbert, Nathaniel Carson. Structural and functional insights of human 5-lipoxygenase.

Degree: PhD, 2011, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-04202011-103203 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1747

► This work describes the structure of human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) (Gilbert, Bartlett et al. 2011) and the techniques required to ascertain the structure. 5-LOX is a… (more)

▼ This work describes the structure of human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) (Gilbert, Bartlett et al. 2011) and the techniques required to ascertain the structure. 5-LOX is a notoriously unstable enzyme with important biological functions. The human 5-LOX has been implicated in many disease states including asthma, atherosclerosis and cancer. Part of 5-LOX biology is the inherent instability of the enzyme, which is thought to help regulate the production of its pro-inflammatory products, the leukotrienes. Our objective was stabilizing the enzyme for in vitro studies without affecting catalytic fidelity. I was able to quantitate stabilizing and destabilizing point mutations of 5-LOX by thermal denaturation and kinetic analysis along with other biochemical techniques. Through rigorous site-directed mutagenesis experiments and multiple expression protocols, I was able to over-express an engineered form of 5-LOX that is soluble and stable for biochemical studies and most importantly amenable to crystallization. Our lab is the first to crystallize a human lipoxygenase and model the molecular details. Another objective was studying the effect of phosphorylation on specific serine residues in 5-LOX that have been previously shown to be phosphorylated in vivo. I focused on phosphorylation of Ser663, which is ten amino acids removed from the C-terminus that penetrates the 5-LOX body and binds to the catalytic iron. I mutated this Ser663 to an aspartate, which is a mutation that has been previously shown to mimic a phosphorylated serine. The mutant 5-LOX S663D has altered product specificity in that it oxygenates arachidonic acid (AA) on the 15 carbon preferentially instead of the 5 carbon. This dual specificity of 5-LOX could alter the amounts of the pro- and/or anti-inflammatory compounds present at sites of activation. With the structure of human 5-LOX solved and with reproducible crystal conditions, I began co-crystallization trials of 5-LOX with AA but devoid of oxygen, the other substrate. This would allow visualization of the important substrate binding amino acids and the catalytic machinery necessary for leukotriene production. I was able to model the placement of AA into the active site of Stable-5-LOX S663D, and this structure revealed striking conformational changes required for substrate binding. With these structural studies along with future co-crystallization studies with inhibitors, I will be able to describe amino acids important for catalysis. These insights afforded from co-crystal structures could aid in the development of therapies for the treatment of certain diseases caused by 5-LOX.

Subjects/Keywords: structure; arachidonic acid; 5-lipoxygenase

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gilbert, N. C. (2011). Structural and functional insights of human 5-lipoxygenase. (Doctoral Dissertation). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-04202011-103203 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1747

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gilbert, Nathaniel Carson. “Structural and functional insights of human 5-lipoxygenase.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Louisiana State University. Accessed January 24, 2020. etd-04202011-103203 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1747.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gilbert, Nathaniel Carson. “Structural and functional insights of human 5-lipoxygenase.” 2011. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Gilbert NC. Structural and functional insights of human 5-lipoxygenase. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2011. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: etd-04202011-103203 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1747.

Council of Science Editors:

Gilbert NC. Structural and functional insights of human 5-lipoxygenase. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2011. Available from: etd-04202011-103203 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1747

Vanderbilt University

4. Benoy, Jennifer Rae. TOTAL SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PROSTAGLANDIN D2 AND E2 METABOLITES.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2019, Vanderbilt University

URL: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06122019-151811/ ;

► I. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a cyclic, oxygenated metabolite of arachidonic acid that has been shown to play a role in the pathophysiology of many… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: arachidonic acid; organic synthesis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Benoy, J. R. (2019). TOTAL SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PROSTAGLANDIN D2 AND E2 METABOLITES. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06122019-151811/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Benoy, Jennifer Rae. “TOTAL SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PROSTAGLANDIN D2 AND E2 METABOLITES.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06122019-151811/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Benoy, Jennifer Rae. “TOTAL SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PROSTAGLANDIN D2 AND E2 METABOLITES.” 2019. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Benoy JR. TOTAL SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PROSTAGLANDIN D2 AND E2 METABOLITES. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2019. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06122019-151811/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Benoy JR. TOTAL SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PROSTAGLANDIN D2 AND E2 METABOLITES. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2019. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06122019-151811/ ;

Cornell University

5. Tyburczy, Cynthia. Effect Of Dietary Arachidonic Acid (Ara) Level And Source On Neonatal Piglet Development .

Degree: 2011, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33495

► Arachidonic acid (ARA) is a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid that is routinely added to infant formula with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to support neonatal growth… (more)

▼ Arachidonic acid (ARA) is a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid that is routinely added to infant formula with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to support neonatal growth and development. Optimal levels of ARA in formula remain to be determined and are based largely on mean worldwide values in breast milk. The objective of this dissertation research was to determine the role of dietary ARA in neonatal development and to evaluate the optimal level in formula to support proper growth and development. Two studies with neonatal domestic pigs were carried out to achieve this objective. The purpose of the first study was to determine the effect of the dietary ARA level on growth, clinical chemistry and immune function, and on tissue ARA and DHA accretion. On day 3 of age, formula-reared (FR) piglets were assigned to 1 of 6 milk replacer formulas containing ARA/DHA as follows (% fatty acid (FA)/FA): (a1) 0.1/1.0; (a2) 0.53/1.0; (a3-d3) 0.69/1.0; (a4) 1.1/1.0; (d2) 0.67/0.62; (d1) 0.66/0.33. No significant differences were observed among the FR groups for growth, hemogram, clinical chemistry or measures of immune status. Heart and liver ARA were responsive to dietary ARA while brain and retina were not. Heart ARA was particularly sensitive to dietary ARA. In the second study, we evaluated two ARA oils for potential use in infant formula compared with a third, commercially available ARA oil. Diets were fed on days 3 - 22 of life and supplied ARA at 0.64% FA and DHA at 0.34% FA. We observed no toxicological effects or differences in growth, and concluded that the experimental ARA oils are safe and bioequivalent to the commercially available ARA source. Overall, results from this dissertation research suggest that the dietary ARA level has a negligible effect on growth and development of the central nervous and immune systems when DHA is supplied near the high end of human breast milk levels (1% FA). The unique responsiveness of the heart to dietary ARA level revealed that ARA accretion is limited by dietary supply. Further investigations are warranted to determine the significance of ARA status on immediate and long term cardiac physiology. Advisors/Committee Members: Loew, Ellis Roger (committeeMember), Feigenson, Gerald W (committeeMember), Qi, Ling (committeeMember).

Subjects/Keywords: Arachidonic acid; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Piglet

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tyburczy, C. (2011). Effect Of Dietary Arachidonic Acid (Ara) Level And Source On Neonatal Piglet Development . (Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33495

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tyburczy, Cynthia. “Effect Of Dietary Arachidonic Acid (Ara) Level And Source On Neonatal Piglet Development .” 2011. Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33495.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tyburczy, Cynthia. “Effect Of Dietary Arachidonic Acid (Ara) Level And Source On Neonatal Piglet Development .” 2011. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Tyburczy C. Effect Of Dietary Arachidonic Acid (Ara) Level And Source On Neonatal Piglet Development . [Internet] [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2011. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33495.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tyburczy C. Effect Of Dietary Arachidonic Acid (Ara) Level And Source On Neonatal Piglet Development . [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33495

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Hong Kong

6. 溫志友; Wen, Zhiyou. A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture.

Degree: PhD, 2001, University of Hong Kong

URL: Wen, Z. [溫志友]. (2001). A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3124241 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3124241 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/36182

published_or_final_version

Botany

Doctoral

Doctor of Philosophy

Subjects/Keywords: Arachidonic acid.; Nitzschia.

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APA (6^th Edition):

溫志友; Wen, Z. (2001). A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from Wen, Z. [溫志友]. (2001). A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3124241 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3124241 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/36182

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

溫志友; Wen, Zhiyou. “A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture.” 2001. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Hong Kong. Accessed January 24, 2020. Wen, Z. [溫志友]. (2001). A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3124241 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3124241 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/36182.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

溫志友; Wen, Zhiyou. “A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture.” 2001. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

溫志友; Wen Z. A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Hong Kong; 2001. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: Wen, Z. [溫志友]. (2001). A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3124241 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3124241 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/36182.

Council of Science Editors:

溫志友; Wen Z. A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Hong Kong; 2001. Available from: Wen, Z. [溫志友]. (2001). A high yield and productivity strategy for eicosapentaenoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia laevis in heterotrophic culture. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3124241 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3124241 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/36182

7. Shah, Sachin N. Biotransformation: in synthesis of bioactive molecules, 19-HETE and 20-HETE, from Arachidonic acid.

Degree: 2006, University of Pune

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/2219

►

The major objectives of the thesis were to explore the biotransformation of arachidonic acid for production of 19-HETE and 20-HETE using Candida bombicola. Chapter one… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biotechnology; Biochemical Science; Bioactive Molecules; Arachidonic acid

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shah, S. N. (2006). Biotransformation: in synthesis of bioactive molecules, 19-HETE and 20-HETE, from Arachidonic acid. (Thesis). University of Pune. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/2219

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shah, Sachin N. “Biotransformation: in synthesis of bioactive molecules, 19-HETE and 20-HETE, from Arachidonic acid.” 2006. Thesis, University of Pune. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/2219.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shah, Sachin N. “Biotransformation: in synthesis of bioactive molecules, 19-HETE and 20-HETE, from Arachidonic acid.” 2006. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Shah SN. Biotransformation: in synthesis of bioactive molecules, 19-HETE and 20-HETE, from Arachidonic acid. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Pune; 2006. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/2219.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shah SN. Biotransformation: in synthesis of bioactive molecules, 19-HETE and 20-HETE, from Arachidonic acid. [Thesis]. University of Pune; 2006. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/2219

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Namibia

8. Shuuluka, D. Optimization conditions for the production of Arachidonic acid by the microalga Parietochloris Incisa under indoors and outdoors conditions .

Degree: 2005, University of Namibia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1493

► The freshwater green microalga Parietochloris incisa is the richest known plant source of the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), arachidonic acid (20:4ω6, AA). Accumulation of AA… (more)

▼ The freshwater green microalga Parietochloris incisa is the richest known plant source of the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), arachidonic acid (20:4ω6, AA). Accumulation of AA and docosahexaenoic acid (22:0, DHA) is necessary for brain and retina development in infants. While many microalgae accumulate triacylglycerols (TAG) in the stationary phase or under certain stress conditions, these TAG are generally made of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. In contrast, most cellular AA of P. incisa resides in TAG. This is of practical value, since TAGs are the preferred chemicals to introduce AA into baby formulae. Studies using different cultures conditions were carried out to assess their effects on AA production. Under different cell densities, low, medium and high (LD, MD and HD, respectively), the cells of P. incisa showed a different pattern of chlorophyll content. At LD, cells followed the process of nitrogen starvation, decrease in chlorophyll content, accumulation of carotenoids and showed signs of bleaching at the end of cultivation period. In the same way, cells grown at MD followed the same pattern though it was not more pronounced compared to the former. However, at HD, cells continued to increase the chlorophyll content, probably by continuing to build the photosynthetic membranes to maximize light harvesting. The AA content increased in all cultures irrespective of the initial cell density. Volumetric biomass accumulation was higher in HD cultures, eventually the volumetric AA yield was also higher. The growth stage at which cultures were transferred to N-free medium had a pronounced effect on chlorophyll synthesis of P. incisa. The rate of chlorophyll synthesis was faster in cultures transferred in EXP (exponential) and TRANS (transition) phases. Similarly, the biomass accumulation was rapid in cultures transferred in the EXP and TRANS phases. The proportion of AA of total fatty acid increased faster in cultures transferred to N- starvation in the EXP and TRANS phases of growth. The proportion of AA almost doubled from 25.8% to 47.5% and from 25.8% to 49.8% of TFA, respectively at day 14. Cultures transferred in the E.STA (early stationary) and M.STA (middle stationary) phases of growth, had higher initial proportion of AA, amounting to 34.9% and 36.3%, respectively, at day 0. Their proportion of AA had increased slowly throughout the cultivation period, reaching 47.3% and 47.0% at the end of cultivation period. Cultures growing on complete medium and supplemented with fatty acid precursors were able to incorporate and further modify both incorporated oleic acid and linoleic acid to AA. This was evident only with 3d cultures at the EXP stage. Older cultures did not demonstrate an enhancement in AA production, but rather a reduction. Supplementation of N-starved cultures did not enhance AA production. Increasing the C/N ratio favors lipid accumulation in microalgae by inducing de novo lipid synthesis. Indeed, high CO2 significantly enhanced the TFA synthesis in P. incisa indicating that under…

Subjects/Keywords: Arachidonic acid ; MicroalgaParietochloris

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shuuluka, D. (2005). Optimization conditions for the production of Arachidonic acid by the microalga Parietochloris Incisa under indoors and outdoors conditions . (Thesis). University of Namibia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1493

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shuuluka, D. “Optimization conditions for the production of Arachidonic acid by the microalga Parietochloris Incisa under indoors and outdoors conditions .” 2005. Thesis, University of Namibia. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1493.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shuuluka, D. “Optimization conditions for the production of Arachidonic acid by the microalga Parietochloris Incisa under indoors and outdoors conditions .” 2005. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Shuuluka D. Optimization conditions for the production of Arachidonic acid by the microalga Parietochloris Incisa under indoors and outdoors conditions . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Namibia; 2005. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1493.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shuuluka D. Optimization conditions for the production of Arachidonic acid by the microalga Parietochloris Incisa under indoors and outdoors conditions . [Thesis]. University of Namibia; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1493

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Western Australia

9. Tsai, I-Jung. Perturbations of arachidonic acid metabolism in the metabolic syndrome.

Degree: PhD, 2009, University of Western Australia

URL: http://repository.uwa.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12844&local_base=GEN01-INS01

► [Truncated abstract] Arachidonic acid is oxidised in vivo by non-enzymatic (free radical) or enzymatic pathways (cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, and cytochrome P450) to form a range of… (more)

▼ [Truncated abstract] Arachidonic acid is oxidised in vivo by non-enzymatic (free radical) or enzymatic pathways (cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, and cytochrome P450) to form a range of biologically active eicosanoids. Specifically, arachidonic acid is metabolised by cytochrome P450 -hydroxylase to produce vasoactive 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), and by 5-lipoxygenase to produce proinflammatory leukotriene B4 (LTB4), which can further be metabolised by -hydroxylase to from 20-OH-LTB4 and 20-COOH-LTB4. F2-Isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) are produced through free radical attack on arachidonic acid and have been recognised as the most reliable markers of lipid peroxidation in vivo. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterised by abdominal obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia. It is associated with low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress and an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Dietary weight loss is strongly recommended for the management of the MetS and can potentially minimise the risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in individuals with the MetS. Little is known regarding the role of these arachidonic acid metabolites in the MetS and the effect of weight loss on their metabolism. Chapter three comprised of three in vitro studies aimed to examine 20-HETE synthesis in human blood cells. 20-HETE acts as a second messenger for vasoconstrictor actions of angiotensin II (Ang II) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in renal and mesenteric beds. Human neutrophils and platelets are integral to the inflammatory process. ... Production of LTB4 and 20-OH-LTB4 was significantly lower compared with controls (P<0.005) and remained so after adjustment for neutrophil count (P<0.05).The weight loss intervention resulted in a 4.6kg reduction in body weight and a 6.6cm decrease in waist circumference and a significant increase in LTB4 and 20-OH- LTB4 in the weight loss group. Chapter Five continued to investigate the role of other arachidonic acid metabolites, 20-HETE and F2-IsoPs in the MetS and the effect of weight loss. In the case-control study (Human study 1), plasma and urinary 20-HETE and F2-IsoPs were significantly elevated in the MetS group, but no significant difference was found in stimulated-neutrophil 20-HETE. A significant gender x group interaction was observed in that women with the MetS had higher urinary 20-HETE and F2-IsoPs compared to controls (P<0.0001). In a randomised controlled trial (Human study 2), relative to the weight- maintenance group, a 4.6 kg loss in weight resulted in a 2 mmHg fall in blood pressure but did not alter the production of 20-HETE or F2-IsoPs. No significant differences were shown in 20-HETE released from stimulated-neutrophils before and after weight loss. 20-HETE and oxidative stress may be important mediators of cardiovascular disease risk in the MetS. Although a 4% reduction in body weight reduced BP, there were no changes in plasma or urinary 20-HETE or F2-IsoPs. In summary, in vitro studies show that human…

Subjects/Keywords: Arachidonic acid; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Weight loss; Arachidonic acid metabolism; Metabolic syndrome; 20-HETE; Weight loss

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tsai, I. (2009). Perturbations of arachidonic acid metabolism in the metabolic syndrome. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Western Australia. Retrieved from http://repository.uwa.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12844&local_base=GEN01-INS01

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tsai, I-Jung. “Perturbations of arachidonic acid metabolism in the metabolic syndrome.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Western Australia. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://repository.uwa.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12844&local_base=GEN01-INS01.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tsai, I-Jung. “Perturbations of arachidonic acid metabolism in the metabolic syndrome.” 2009. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Tsai I. Perturbations of arachidonic acid metabolism in the metabolic syndrome. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Western Australia; 2009. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://repository.uwa.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12844&local_base=GEN01-INS01.

Council of Science Editors:

Tsai I. Perturbations of arachidonic acid metabolism in the metabolic syndrome. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Western Australia; 2009. Available from: http://repository.uwa.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12844&local_base=GEN01-INS01

Montana Tech

10. Jasuja, Rahul R. Effect of lipoteichoic acids on arachidonic acid metabolism in macrophages.

Degree: MS, 1992, Montana Tech

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7289

Subjects/Keywords: Macrophages.; Arachidonic acid.; Lipoteichoic acid.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jasuja, R. R. (1992). Effect of lipoteichoic acids on arachidonic acid metabolism in macrophages. (Masters Thesis). Montana Tech. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7289

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jasuja, Rahul R. “Effect of lipoteichoic acids on arachidonic acid metabolism in macrophages.” 1992. Masters Thesis, Montana Tech. Accessed January 24, 2020. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7289.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jasuja, Rahul R. “Effect of lipoteichoic acids on arachidonic acid metabolism in macrophages.” 1992. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Jasuja RR. Effect of lipoteichoic acids on arachidonic acid metabolism in macrophages. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Montana Tech; 1992. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7289.

Council of Science Editors:

Jasuja RR. Effect of lipoteichoic acids on arachidonic acid metabolism in macrophages. [Masters Thesis]. Montana Tech; 1992. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7289

Clemson University

11. Headley, Shannon. Effects of dietary supplementation of conjugated linoleic acid in horses.

Degree: MS, Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2011, Clemson University

URL: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/1223

► Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces inflammation via the inhibition of cyclooxygenase II , thus reducing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Conjugated linoleic acid has a suggested… (more)

▼ Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces inflammation via the inhibition of cyclooxygenase II , thus reducing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Conjugated linoleic acid has a suggested osteoclast-suppressive role in bone remodeling and osteoarthritis, which are dependent on bone resorptive stimulator PGE2. Bone resorption marker, deoxypyridinoline (DPD), and bone formation marker, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), have been modulated by CLA supplementation in other species. Recent research in equine exercise physiology investigated dietary supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids as a possible prevention and treatment for osteoarthritis, but CLA supplementation has putative effects on skeletal function or inflammation in horses has not been reported. Our objective was to determine the effects of CLA supplementation on PGE2 in synovial fluid, BAP and DPD in serum, stride length and fetlock flexion and extension at the walk and trot, and body condition in healthy horses at maintenance. In a crossover study, 12 mares were blocked by breed, age, and body condition score (BCS) and separated into 2 treatment groups (n = 6/group). Groups were subjected to CLA and corn oil (CO) as an isocaloric control for 6 weeks (wk) separated by a 4-wk period during which treatment was withheld. Corn oil or CLA supplement (mixed isomers; source contained 55% CLA isomers) were incorporated into maintenance-level diets at 0.01% body weight (BW) per d over a six week period. Mares were fed individually and were restricted to dry lots to quantify forage intake. Synovial fluid, blood, rump fat thickness (RFT), BW and BCS were sampled before (d 0) and after (d42) of each feeding period. Walk and trot stride length and fetlock range of motion were assessed on d 0 and d 42 of feeding period 1 only. Immunoassay kits were used to quantify BAP and DPD in serum and PGE2 in synovial fluid. There were no observed differences in BW, RFT or BCS between the CLA and CO groups. While plasma CLA concentrations were higher in horses fed CLA compared to controls (P < 0.001), synovial fluid PGE2, serum BAP and serum DPD did not differ with treatment. Additionally, stride length and fetlock extension were not different at the walk or trot between treatments, nor was fetlock flexion at the walk. Despite absorption and incorporation of CLA into plasma, mares did not experience treatment effects on biochemical markers of joint inflammation, bone metabolism or kinematic performance. Examining the effects of CLA supplementation on horses at varying levels of growth, exercise, and progression of osteoarthritis may reveal more effects as to its potential benefits in the horse. Rate of dietary CLA incorporation, duration of supplementation, and isolated isomer studies may improve our understanding of these fatty acids in the equine diet. Advisors/Committee Members: Vernon, Kristine, Coverdale , Josie, Jenkins , Thomas, Sharp , Julia.

Subjects/Keywords: arachidonic acid; conjugated linoleic acid; horse; nutrition; prostaglandin E2; Animal Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Headley, S. (2011). Effects of dietary supplementation of conjugated linoleic acid in horses. (Masters Thesis). Clemson University. Retrieved from https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/1223

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Headley, Shannon. “Effects of dietary supplementation of conjugated linoleic acid in horses.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Clemson University. Accessed January 24, 2020. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/1223.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Headley, Shannon. “Effects of dietary supplementation of conjugated linoleic acid in horses.” 2011. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Headley S. Effects of dietary supplementation of conjugated linoleic acid in horses. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Clemson University; 2011. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/1223.

Council of Science Editors:

Headley S. Effects of dietary supplementation of conjugated linoleic acid in horses. [Masters Thesis]. Clemson University; 2011. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/1223

Vanderbilt University

12. Umunakwe, Obinna C. A Mechanism for Altered Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Cystic Fibrosis.

Degree: PhD, Pathology, 2014, Vanderbilt University

URL: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-07222014-114609/ ;

► Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a debilitating, multi-organ, autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations leading to absence of functional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: desaturase; arachidonic acid; linoleic acid; AMP-activated protein kinase

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APA (6^th Edition):

Umunakwe, O. C. (2014). A Mechanism for Altered Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Cystic Fibrosis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-07222014-114609/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Umunakwe, Obinna C. “A Mechanism for Altered Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Cystic Fibrosis.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-07222014-114609/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Umunakwe, Obinna C. “A Mechanism for Altered Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Cystic Fibrosis.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Umunakwe OC. A Mechanism for Altered Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Cystic Fibrosis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2014. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-07222014-114609/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Umunakwe OC. A Mechanism for Altered Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Cystic Fibrosis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2014. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-07222014-114609/ ;

Vanderbilt University

13. Katrangi, Waddah. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid and eicosanoid biosynthesis in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.

Degree: PhD, Pathology, 2014, Vanderbilt University

URL: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06242014-123859/ ;

► The primary cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis is progressive pulmonary disease, an important component of which is a hyperactive inflammatory response, the… (more)

▼ The primary cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis is progressive pulmonary disease, an important component of which is a hyperactive inflammatory response, the mechanisms of which are not completely understood. Previous studies have highlighted alterations in polyunsaturated fatty acid and eicosanoid metabolism in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells leading to increased arachidonic acid and its metabolites, the pro-inflammatory leukotrienes and prostaglandins. This work tests the hypothesis that these underlying metabolic abnormalities play an important role in the excessive inflammatory response. Using airway epithelial cell culture models of cystic fibrosis, we demonstrate that there is increased release of AA in response to stimulation in CF cells. Additionally, we show that enzymes of fatty acid and eicosanoid metabolism, including Δ6-desaturase, cytosolic phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2, microsomal PGE2 synthase, and 5-lipoxygenase, are upregulated in cystic fibrosis cells compared to wild-type counterparts. These increases are exaggerated when the cells are stimulated with products of Pseudomonas aeruginosa culture, leading to increased production of PGE2 and LTB4 and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. Inhibition of the LTB4 synthesis pathway at any of multiple points results in blunting of both cyclooxygenase-2 expression and IL-6 and IL-8 production, while inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 itself results in only minor suppression of cytokine production. Similar results are seen with docosahexaenoic acid, an anti-inflammatory n-3 fatty acid. Taken together, these results indicate that fatty acid and eicosanoid metabolic abnormalities that are intrinsic to epithelial cells in cystic fibrosis, particularly the LTB4 synthesis pathway, may play an important role in the hyperactive inflammatory response characteristic of this disease. Advisors/Committee Members: Michael Laposata, M.D., Ph.D. (committee member), Claus Schneider, Ph.D. (committee member), Larry L. Swift, Ph.D. (committee member), Amy S. Major, Ph.D. (chair), Adam C. Seegmiller, M.D., Ph.D. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: arachidonic acid; eicosanoid; fatty acid; inflammation; cystic fibrosis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Katrangi, W. (2014). The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid and eicosanoid biosynthesis in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06242014-123859/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Katrangi, Waddah. “The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid and eicosanoid biosynthesis in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06242014-123859/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Katrangi, Waddah. “The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid and eicosanoid biosynthesis in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Katrangi W. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid and eicosanoid biosynthesis in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2014. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06242014-123859/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Katrangi W. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid and eicosanoid biosynthesis in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2014. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/available/etd-06242014-123859/ ;

Vanderbilt University

14. Njoroge, Sarah Wanjiku. Mechanisms of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Alterations in Cystic Fibrosis.

Degree: PhD, Pathology, 2013, Vanderbilt University

URL: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-07172013-194344/ ;

► Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Alterations in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: docosahexaenoic acid; arachidonic acid; desaturase enzymes; reactive oxygen species; Cystic fibrosis fatty acid abnormalities

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APA (6^th Edition):

Njoroge, S. W. (2013). Mechanisms of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Alterations in Cystic Fibrosis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-07172013-194344/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Njoroge, Sarah Wanjiku. “Mechanisms of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Alterations in Cystic Fibrosis.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-07172013-194344/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Njoroge, Sarah Wanjiku. “Mechanisms of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Alterations in Cystic Fibrosis.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Njoroge SW. Mechanisms of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Alterations in Cystic Fibrosis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2013. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-07172013-194344/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Njoroge SW. Mechanisms of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Alterations in Cystic Fibrosis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2013. Available from: http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu//available/etd-07172013-194344/ ;

Northeastern University

15. Sonti, Shilpa. Biochemical and functional effects of synaptamide (n-docosahexaenoylethanolamine), a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

Degree: PhD, School of Pharmacy, 2016, Northeastern University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20240140

► The metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), synaptamide, is reported to mediate the role of DHA in neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis. Our long term goal is to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: anandamide; arachidonic acid; docosahexaenoic acid; fatty acid amide hydrolase (faah); n27 cells; phospholipid

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sonti, S. (2016). Biochemical and functional effects of synaptamide (n-docosahexaenoylethanolamine), a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). (Doctoral Dissertation). Northeastern University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20240140

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sonti, Shilpa. “Biochemical and functional effects of synaptamide (n-docosahexaenoylethanolamine), a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Northeastern University. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20240140.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sonti, Shilpa. “Biochemical and functional effects of synaptamide (n-docosahexaenoylethanolamine), a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).” 2016. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Sonti S. Biochemical and functional effects of synaptamide (n-docosahexaenoylethanolamine), a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2016. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20240140.

Council of Science Editors:

Sonti S. Biochemical and functional effects of synaptamide (n-docosahexaenoylethanolamine), a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). [Doctoral Dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20240140

The Ohio State University

16. Harder, Hubert Werner. Metabolism of arachidonic and adrenic acids in molecular species of gycerophospholipids in mouse brain.

Degree: PhD, Graduate School, 1986, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu14872651431456

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry; Arachidonic acid; Phospholipids

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APA (6^th Edition):

Harder, H. W. (1986). Metabolism of arachidonic and adrenic acids in molecular species of gycerophospholipids in mouse brain. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu14872651431456

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Harder, Hubert Werner. “Metabolism of arachidonic and adrenic acids in molecular species of gycerophospholipids in mouse brain.” 1986. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu14872651431456.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Harder, Hubert Werner. “Metabolism of arachidonic and adrenic acids in molecular species of gycerophospholipids in mouse brain.” 1986. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Harder HW. Metabolism of arachidonic and adrenic acids in molecular species of gycerophospholipids in mouse brain. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1986. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu14872651431456.

Council of Science Editors:

Harder HW. Metabolism of arachidonic and adrenic acids in molecular species of gycerophospholipids in mouse brain. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1986. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu14872651431456

University of Alberta

17. Aghazadeh Habashi, Ali. Glucosamine Anti-Inflammatory Dose-Effect Correlation and Its Influence on the Renin-Angiotensin System Components and Arachidonic Acid Metabolites under Inflammatory Condition in the Rat with Adjuvant Arthritis.

Degree: PhD, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/2v23vx344

► Crystalline glucosamine (GlcN) sulfate salt formulation is approved as a prescription drug with anti-inflammatory effects for the management of osteoarthritis (OA) in the European Union,… (more)

▼ Crystalline glucosamine (GlcN) sulfate salt formulation is approved as a prescription drug with anti-inflammatory effects for the management of osteoarthritis (OA) in the European Union, while it is considered as a nutraceutical in North America. The effectiveness of GlcN for ameliorating the signs and symptoms of OA in humans is still the subject of scientific debate. In animal studies using high doses, its effectiveness is undisputable; however results of clinical trials in humans are controversial. One of the objectives of this thesis was to address the possible causes of controversy around GlcN effectiveness in humans, and to establish a minimum effective dose (MED) needed to produce minimum anti-inflammatory effective concentration in the rat adjuvant arthritis animal model. Many explanations have been offered as the root of the controversy including superiority of a crystalline sulfate salt over the hydrochloride form, industry bias, insensitive assessment metrics, and poor methodology. Herein, we rule out a difference in bioequivalence between GlcN salts and suggest additional factors; i.e., inconsistency in the GlcN content of some products used in trials, under-dosing of patients, as well as variable pharmacokinetic indices as possible reasons for the lack of GlcN efficacy observed in some studies. Clinical trials using high doses of pharmaceutical grade GlcN, or formulations with greater bioavailability should yield positive results. Our results indicate that the MED is between 40 to 80 mg/kg/day that generates a maximum plasma concentration in the range of 1.37 ± 0.24 to 5.31± 6.84 mg/L, close to the rang of concentration reported for pharmaceutical grades of GlcN in humans. GlcN efficacy is dose and concentration dependent and if the data could be extrapolated to humans, using a higher than the commonly tested 1500 mg/kg /day dosage regimen may provide more clear treatment outcomes. Inflammation influences the body as whole and imbalances the homeostasis of different regulatory systems in particular. Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and arachidonic acid (ArA) pathway are two main regulators of cardiovascular (CV) systems which could be affected by inflammation. Other objectives of this thesis were to investigate if experimentally induced adjuvant arthritis (AA), as an animal model for systemic inflammation, alters different components of the RAS such as angiotensin converting enzymes (ACE) expression, angiotensin (Ang) peptides systemic and local concentration, and their associated receptors expression level. We also investigated the effect of AA on ArA metabolites concentration in the plasma, heart and kidney tissues. We correlated the RAS components and ArA metabolites concentration in order to identify reliable biomarkers for prediction of CV complications in vulnerable individuals suffering from inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). GlcN with anti-inflammatory effects is a good candidate for modulating the detrimental effect of inflammation on the RAS and ArA pathways. We studied…

Subjects/Keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Glucosamine; Rat; Arachidonic acid; Adjuvant Arthritis; Renin-angiotensin system

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APA (6^th Edition):

Aghazadeh Habashi, A. (2014). Glucosamine Anti-Inflammatory Dose-Effect Correlation and Its Influence on the Renin-Angiotensin System Components and Arachidonic Acid Metabolites under Inflammatory Condition in the Rat with Adjuvant Arthritis. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/2v23vx344

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Aghazadeh Habashi, Ali. “Glucosamine Anti-Inflammatory Dose-Effect Correlation and Its Influence on the Renin-Angiotensin System Components and Arachidonic Acid Metabolites under Inflammatory Condition in the Rat with Adjuvant Arthritis.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 24, 2020. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/2v23vx344.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Aghazadeh Habashi, Ali. “Glucosamine Anti-Inflammatory Dose-Effect Correlation and Its Influence on the Renin-Angiotensin System Components and Arachidonic Acid Metabolites under Inflammatory Condition in the Rat with Adjuvant Arthritis.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Aghazadeh Habashi A. Glucosamine Anti-Inflammatory Dose-Effect Correlation and Its Influence on the Renin-Angiotensin System Components and Arachidonic Acid Metabolites under Inflammatory Condition in the Rat with Adjuvant Arthritis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/2v23vx344.

Council of Science Editors:

Aghazadeh Habashi A. Glucosamine Anti-Inflammatory Dose-Effect Correlation and Its Influence on the Renin-Angiotensin System Components and Arachidonic Acid Metabolites under Inflammatory Condition in the Rat with Adjuvant Arthritis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/2v23vx344

University of Alberta

18. Schulz, Richard. Arachidonic acid metabolism in cerebral arteries: relevance to cerebral vasospasm.

Degree: PhD, Department of Pharmacology, 1989, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/3f462723b

Subjects/Keywords: Arachidonic acid – Metabolism.; Cerebrovascular spasm.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Schulz, R. (1989). Arachidonic acid metabolism in cerebral arteries: relevance to cerebral vasospasm. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/3f462723b

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schulz, Richard. “Arachidonic acid metabolism in cerebral arteries: relevance to cerebral vasospasm.” 1989. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 24, 2020. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/3f462723b.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schulz, Richard. “Arachidonic acid metabolism in cerebral arteries: relevance to cerebral vasospasm.” 1989. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Schulz R. Arachidonic acid metabolism in cerebral arteries: relevance to cerebral vasospasm. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 1989. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/3f462723b.

Council of Science Editors:

Schulz R. Arachidonic acid metabolism in cerebral arteries: relevance to cerebral vasospasm. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 1989. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/3f462723b

University of Hong Kong

19. Usman, Rukhsana. Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism: modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluidand by diet.

Degree: PhD, 1994, University of Hong Kong

URL: Usman, R.. (1994). Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism : modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and by diet. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3123393 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3123393 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/34553

published_or_final_version

Biochemistry

Doctoral

Doctor of Philosophy

Subjects/Keywords: Arachidonic acid.; Platelet activating factor.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Usman, R. (1994). Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism: modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluidand by diet. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from Usman, R.. (1994). Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism : modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and by diet. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3123393 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3123393 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/34553

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Usman, Rukhsana. “Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism: modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluidand by diet.” 1994. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Hong Kong. Accessed January 24, 2020. Usman, R.. (1994). Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism : modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and by diet. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3123393 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3123393 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/34553.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Usman, Rukhsana. “Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism: modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluidand by diet.” 1994. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Usman R. Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism: modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluidand by diet. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Hong Kong; 1994. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: Usman, R.. (1994). Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism : modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and by diet. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3123393 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3123393 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/34553.

Council of Science Editors:

Usman R. Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism: modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluidand by diet. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Hong Kong; 1994. Available from: Usman, R.. (1994). Platelet activity and arachidonic acid metabolism : modulation by factors in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and by diet. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3123393 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3123393 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/34553

University of Stirling

20. Sawanboonchun, Jarin. Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) Broodstock Nutrition: The Role Of Arachidonic Acid And Astaxanthin As Determinants Of Egg Quality.

Degree: PhD, School of Natural Sciences, 2009, University of Stirling

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1735

► Cod hatcheries rely greatly on wild-caught broodstock as egg quality from farm-reared broodstock tends to be poor. Broodstock diet and levels of essential fatty acids… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Fishes Eggs; Atlantic cod; Fishes Nutrition; Arachidonic acid

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sawanboonchun, J. (2009). Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) Broodstock Nutrition: The Role Of Arachidonic Acid And Astaxanthin As Determinants Of Egg Quality. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Stirling. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1735

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sawanboonchun, Jarin. “Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) Broodstock Nutrition: The Role Of Arachidonic Acid And Astaxanthin As Determinants Of Egg Quality.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Stirling. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1735.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sawanboonchun, Jarin. “Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) Broodstock Nutrition: The Role Of Arachidonic Acid And Astaxanthin As Determinants Of Egg Quality.” 2009. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Sawanboonchun J. Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) Broodstock Nutrition: The Role Of Arachidonic Acid And Astaxanthin As Determinants Of Egg Quality. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Stirling; 2009. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1735.

Council of Science Editors:

Sawanboonchun J. Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) Broodstock Nutrition: The Role Of Arachidonic Acid And Astaxanthin As Determinants Of Egg Quality. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Stirling; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1735

University of Rochester

21. Smith, Nathan Anthony. Astrocytes Role in Lipid Mediated Synaptic Activity.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Rochester

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/27882

► Astrocytes are a major cell type in both the human and rodent central nervous systems. Due to their inability to be electrically excited, astrocytes have… (more)

▼ Astrocytes are a major cell type in both the human and rodent central nervous systems. Due to their inability to be electrically excited, astrocytes have been viewed as supportive cells providing a suitable environment for neuronal signaling without participating in information processing. This simplistic view has been overturned in the past few decades by evidence showing that astrocytes can respond directly to local neuronal activity with subsequent modification. Neurotransmitters such as glutamate can initiate intracellular Ca2+ signaling in astrocytes that leads to astrocyte release of gliotransmitters, including glutamate, D-serine, ATP or endocannabinoids, which can modulate nearby synaptic strength. Moreover, astrocytes release Arachidonic Acid metabolites, such as PGE2, modulating local blood flow to meet the energy demands of increased neuronal activity. Observations in our lab have demonstrated that vasodilation is seemingly dissociable from astrocytic calcium dynamics in many cases, thus prompting us to test whether astrocytes, through lipid release, can signal on a faster signaling scale in a calciumindependent manner. Thus far, virtually all studies looking at astrocytic signaling mechanisms focus on intracellular Ca2+, which is on a signaling time scale of seconds. However, astrocytes are capable of Ca2+ independent signaling that is potentially on a time scale one to two orders of magnitude faster (msec). In line with this, astrocytes possess Ca2+-independent PLA2 that can lead to the production of AA in the absence of calcium. However, further investigation is needed to reveal the existence of Ca2+- independent signaling from astrocytes and whether this can influence physiological function. We report that upon Ca2+ chelation and receptor stimulation astrocytes can release lipid in a Ca2+ independent manner and that these lipids can indeed affect neuronal signaling. Furthermore, using a model of transient Heterosynaptic Depression (tHSD) in cortical slices, we report that astrocytic modulation of synaptic transmission occurs independent of traditional gliotransmitters, such as ATP and glutamate, but through astrocytic release of endocannabinoids. Taken together, these results provide novel insight into the controversial role of astrocytes in synaptic regulation and thereby in higher information processing.

Subjects/Keywords: Astrocytes; Arachidonic Acid; PGE2; 2AG; Transient Hetero Synaptic Depression; Endo Cannabinoids

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smith, N. A. (2013). Astrocytes Role in Lipid Mediated Synaptic Activity. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/27882

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smith, Nathan Anthony. “Astrocytes Role in Lipid Mediated Synaptic Activity.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1802/27882.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smith, Nathan Anthony. “Astrocytes Role in Lipid Mediated Synaptic Activity.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Smith NA. Astrocytes Role in Lipid Mediated Synaptic Activity. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2013. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/27882.

Council of Science Editors:

Smith NA. Astrocytes Role in Lipid Mediated Synaptic Activity. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/27882

University of Pretoria

22. Malipa, Ana Chimuemue Antonio. Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes.

Degree: MSc, Anatomy and Physiology, 2008, University of Pretoria

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23930

► Both plasma glucose concentration and glucose uptake are deranged in insulin resistance. A high free fatty acid plasma level is a potential cause of insulin… (more)

▼ Both plasma glucose concentration and glucose uptake are deranged in insulin resistance. A high free fatty acid plasma level is a potential cause of insulin resistance, and therefore of type 2 diabetes mellitus animals and humans. The mechanism behind this is still unclear. The objectives of the present study were: (i) to research the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) as fatty acid representative, on glucose uptake into human isolated adipocytes, (ii) to investigate the uptake of AA into adipocyte membranes and nuclei, as a step to identify the mechanism whereby AA affects glucose uptake, and (iii) to verify the influence of insulin on AA uptake in adipocytes. The first objective was achieved by exposing adipocytes to AA and measuring the effect on deoxyglucose uptakt. To achieve the second objective, adipocytes were exposed to 14C-AA; radioactive uptake in membranes and nuclei was determined. The AA uptake into membranes was also determinate by membranes fatty acid profile using gas chromatography; the results of the two methods were compared. Finally, the third objective was achieved by exposing adipocytes to different concentrations of insulin and testing the effect by measuring arachidonic acid uptake by the entire cell. The results of this study shown that, acute (30 min) exposure of AA significantly stimulates glucose uptake by adipocytes (4.56 ± 0.6 nmole glucose /mg protein /min) compared to the control (3.12 ± 0.25 nmole glucose /mg protein /min). Secondly, 14C-AA was significantly taken up by the membranes between 20 and 30 minutes of exposure. The uptake into membranes was increased by 49.57 ± 29% and 123 ± 73% compared to the control 100% (1.77 ± 0.06 nmole AA /mg protein) respectively for 20 and 30 min exposure). AA significantly rose in the nuclei after 30 minutes (147 ± 19% increase) compared to the control 100% (2.25 ± 0.10 nmole AA /mg protein). The determination of AA uptake by gas chromatography analysis of the membrane fatty acid profile showed that the content of AA increased after 30 min exposure (0.57% AA of total membrane fatty acids) compared to the 10 min exposure (0.29% AA of total membrane fatty acid). Insulin was shown to stimulate 10 and 30 min AA uptake by adipocytes from a non-obese subject. The increases of AA uptake measured for 30 minutes were 20 ±8%, 21 ± 25% and 31 ± 4% compared to the control (0.58nmole AA / mg protein / min) respectively for the actions of 10nM, 20nM and 40 nM insulin. A similar tendency was observed when the AA uptake was measured for 10 min (81 ± 31% and 208 ± 36% respectively for the action of 10nM and 40nM insulin compared to the control 100% (0.06nmole AA/mg protein/min). In contrast to this finding, insulin depressed AA uptake by adipocytes from an obese subject (depression of 15 ± 5%, 14 ± 8% and 21 ± 5% respectively for 10nM, 20nM and 40nM insulin, compared to the control 100% (0.74 nmole AA/mg protein/min). In both situations the effect of insulin seemed dose dependent. The study demonstrated that AA acid positively modulates glucose uptake into… Advisors/Committee Members: Prof R Meintjes (advisor), Prof M Haag (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Insulin; Arachidonic acid; Glucose; Humans; Animals; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

Malipa, A. C. (2008). Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes. (Masters Thesis). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23930

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Malipa, Ana Chimuemue. “Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes.” 2008. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23930.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Malipa, Ana Chimuemue. “Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes.” 2008. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Malipa AC. Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2008. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23930.

Council of Science Editors:

Malipa AC. Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes. [Masters Thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23930

University of Pretoria

23. [No author]. Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes .

Degree: 2008, University of Pretoria

URL: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04112008-163537/

► Both plasma glucose concentration and glucose uptake are deranged in insulin resistance. A high free fatty acid plasma level is a potential cause of insulin… (more)

▼ Both plasma glucose concentration and glucose uptake are deranged in insulin resistance. A high free fatty acid plasma level is a potential cause of insulin resistance, and therefore of type 2 diabetes mellitus animals and humans. The mechanism behind this is still unclear. The objectives of the present study were: (i) to research the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) as fatty acid representative, on glucose uptake into human isolated adipocytes, (ii) to investigate the uptake of AA into adipocyte membranes and nuclei, as a step to identify the mechanism whereby AA affects glucose uptake, and (iii) to verify the influence of insulin on AA uptake in adipocytes. The first objective was achieved by exposing adipocytes to AA and measuring the effect on deoxyglucose uptakt. To achieve the second objective, adipocytes were exposed to 14C-AA; radioactive uptake in membranes and nuclei was determined. The AA uptake into membranes was also determinate by membranes fatty acid profile using gas chromatography; the results of the two methods were compared. Finally, the third objective was achieved by exposing adipocytes to different concentrations of insulin and testing the effect by measuring arachidonic acid uptake by the entire cell. The results of this study shown that, acute (30 min) exposure of AA significantly stimulates glucose uptake by adipocytes (4.56 ± 0.6 nmole glucose /mg protein /min) compared to the control (3.12 ± 0.25 nmole glucose /mg protein /min). Secondly, 14C-AA was significantly taken up by the membranes between 20 and 30 minutes of exposure. The uptake into membranes was increased by 49.57 ± 29% and 123 ± 73% compared to the control 100% (1.77 ± 0.06 nmole AA /mg protein) respectively for 20 and 30 min exposure). AA significantly rose in the nuclei after 30 minutes (147 ± 19% increase) compared to the control 100% (2.25 ± 0.10 nmole AA /mg protein). The determination of AA uptake by gas chromatography analysis of the membrane fatty acid profile showed that the content of AA increased after 30 min exposure (0.57% AA of total membrane fatty acids) compared to the 10 min exposure (0.29% AA of total membrane fatty acid). Insulin was shown to stimulate 10 and 30 min AA uptake by adipocytes from a non-obese subject. The increases of AA uptake measured for 30 minutes were 20 ±8%, 21 ± 25% and 31 ± 4% compared to the control (0.58nmole AA / mg protein / min) respectively for the actions of 10nM, 20nM and 40 nM insulin. A similar tendency was observed when the AA uptake was measured for 10 min (81 ± 31% and 208 ± 36% respectively for the action of 10nM and 40nM insulin compared to the control 100% (0.06nmole AA/mg protein/min). In contrast to this finding, insulin depressed AA uptake by adipocytes from an obese subject (depression of 15 ± 5%, 14 ± 8% and 21 ± 5% respectively for 10nM, 20nM and 40nM insulin, compared to the control 100% (0.74 nmole AA/mg protein/min). In both situations the effect of insulin seemed dose dependent. The study demonstrated that AA acid positively modulates glucose uptake into… Advisors/Committee Members: Prof R Meintjes (advisor), Prof M Haag (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Insulin; Arachidonic acid; Glucose; Humans; Animals; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

author], [. (2008). Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes . (Masters Thesis). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04112008-163537/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

author], [No. “Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes .” 2008. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04112008-163537/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

author], [No. “Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes .” 2008. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

author] [. Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2008. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04112008-163537/.

Council of Science Editors:

author] [. Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes . [Masters Thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2008. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04112008-163537/

Louisiana State University

24. Kobe, Matthew James. Structural and Kinetic Investigations of 15-Lipoxygenase-2.

Degree: PhD, 2014, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-04102015-162654 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2220

► Evidence suggests that 15-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LOX-2) plays an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Due to the medical need to discover isoform specific inhibitors of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: membrane binding; arachidonic acid; structure; crystallography; 15-lipoxygenase-2

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kobe, M. J. (2014). Structural and Kinetic Investigations of 15-Lipoxygenase-2. (Doctoral Dissertation). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-04102015-162654 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2220

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kobe, Matthew James. “Structural and Kinetic Investigations of 15-Lipoxygenase-2.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Louisiana State University. Accessed January 24, 2020. etd-04102015-162654 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2220.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kobe, Matthew James. “Structural and Kinetic Investigations of 15-Lipoxygenase-2.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Kobe MJ. Structural and Kinetic Investigations of 15-Lipoxygenase-2. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2014. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: etd-04102015-162654 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2220.

Council of Science Editors:

Kobe MJ. Structural and Kinetic Investigations of 15-Lipoxygenase-2. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2014. Available from: etd-04102015-162654 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2220

University of Southern California

25. Vikman, Susanna. The contribution of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase to inflammatory response in coronary artery disease.

Degree: MS, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 2010, University of Southern California

URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/426799/rec/6521

► This study provides a review of the literature on coronary artery disease (CAD) focusing on the role of the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (encoded by ALOX5) and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 5-lipoxygenase; coronary artery disease; arachidonic acid metabolism; leukotriene; atherosclerosis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Vikman, S. (2010). The contribution of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase to inflammatory response in coronary artery disease. (Masters Thesis). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/426799/rec/6521

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vikman, Susanna. “The contribution of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase to inflammatory response in coronary artery disease.” 2010. Masters Thesis, University of Southern California. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/426799/rec/6521.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vikman, Susanna. “The contribution of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase to inflammatory response in coronary artery disease.” 2010. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Vikman S. The contribution of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase to inflammatory response in coronary artery disease. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Southern California; 2010. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/426799/rec/6521.

Council of Science Editors:

Vikman S. The contribution of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase to inflammatory response in coronary artery disease. [Masters Thesis]. University of Southern California; 2010. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/426799/rec/6521

Montana Tech

26. Wang, Rong. Analysis of eicosanoids released from activated macrophages.

Degree: MS, 1998, Montana Tech

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6653

Subjects/Keywords: Eicosanoids.; Arachidonic acid.; Macrophages.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, R. (1998). Analysis of eicosanoids released from activated macrophages. (Masters Thesis). Montana Tech. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6653

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Rong. “Analysis of eicosanoids released from activated macrophages.” 1998. Masters Thesis, Montana Tech. Accessed January 24, 2020. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6653.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Rong. “Analysis of eicosanoids released from activated macrophages.” 1998. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Wang R. Analysis of eicosanoids released from activated macrophages. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Montana Tech; 1998. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6653.

Council of Science Editors:

Wang R. Analysis of eicosanoids released from activated macrophages. [Masters Thesis]. Montana Tech; 1998. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6653

Montana Tech

27. Taylor, Karyn L. Influence of cell differentiation on arachidonic acid metabolism in stimulated and unstimulated HL-60 cells.

Degree: MS, 1989, Montana Tech

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7476

Subjects/Keywords: Arachidonic acid.; Leukotrienes.; Lipoxins.; Prostaglandins.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Taylor, K. L. (1989). Influence of cell differentiation on arachidonic acid metabolism in stimulated and unstimulated HL-60 cells. (Masters Thesis). Montana Tech. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7476

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Taylor, Karyn L. “Influence of cell differentiation on arachidonic acid metabolism in stimulated and unstimulated HL-60 cells.” 1989. Masters Thesis, Montana Tech. Accessed January 24, 2020. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7476.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Taylor, Karyn L. “Influence of cell differentiation on arachidonic acid metabolism in stimulated and unstimulated HL-60 cells.” 1989. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Taylor KL. Influence of cell differentiation on arachidonic acid metabolism in stimulated and unstimulated HL-60 cells. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Montana Tech; 1989. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7476.

Council of Science Editors:

Taylor KL. Influence of cell differentiation on arachidonic acid metabolism in stimulated and unstimulated HL-60 cells. [Masters Thesis]. Montana Tech; 1989. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7476

Montana Tech

28. Li, I-ping. Isolation and identification of inhibitory factor(s) of leukotriene D4 dipeptidase in human serum.

Degree: MS, 1991, Montana Tech

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7214

Subjects/Keywords: Leukotrienes.; Serum.; Arachidonic acid.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Li, I. (1991). Isolation and identification of inhibitory factor(s) of leukotriene D4 dipeptidase in human serum. (Masters Thesis). Montana Tech. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7214

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Li, I-ping. “Isolation and identification of inhibitory factor(s) of leukotriene D4 dipeptidase in human serum.” 1991. Masters Thesis, Montana Tech. Accessed January 24, 2020. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7214.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Li, I-ping. “Isolation and identification of inhibitory factor(s) of leukotriene D4 dipeptidase in human serum.” 1991. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Li I. Isolation and identification of inhibitory factor(s) of leukotriene D4 dipeptidase in human serum. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Montana Tech; 1991. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7214.

Council of Science Editors:

Li I. Isolation and identification of inhibitory factor(s) of leukotriene D4 dipeptidase in human serum. [Masters Thesis]. Montana Tech; 1991. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7214

McGill University

29. Chong, Chit-Looi. The synthesis of methyl trihydroxyeicosatrienoates and related compounds.

Degree: MS, Department of Chemistry., 1983, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile64669.pdf

Subjects/Keywords: Arachidonic acid.; Organic compounds – Synthesis.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chong, C. (1983). The synthesis of methyl trihydroxyeicosatrienoates and related compounds. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile64669.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chong, Chit-Looi. “The synthesis of methyl trihydroxyeicosatrienoates and related compounds.” 1983. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed January 24, 2020. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile64669.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chong, Chit-Looi. “The synthesis of methyl trihydroxyeicosatrienoates and related compounds.” 1983. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Chong C. The synthesis of methyl trihydroxyeicosatrienoates and related compounds. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 1983. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile64669.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Chong C. The synthesis of methyl trihydroxyeicosatrienoates and related compounds. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 1983. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile64669.pdf

Eastern Michigan University

30. Grenke, Holly. Synthesis of pinane thromboxane A₂ via suzuki-miyaura coupling.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2015, Eastern Michigan University

URL: https://commons.emich.edu/theses/610

► In 1975, Hamberg and associates [1] discovered that human platelets transform arachidonic acid into prostaglandin endoperoxides then further into thromboxane B₂ through the unstable… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Arachidonic acid; blood platelets aggregation; blood platelets; Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Grenke, H. (2015). Synthesis of pinane thromboxane A₂ via suzuki-miyaura coupling. (Thesis). Eastern Michigan University. Retrieved from https://commons.emich.edu/theses/610

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Grenke, Holly. “Synthesis of pinane thromboxane A₂ via suzuki-miyaura coupling.” 2015. Thesis, Eastern Michigan University. Accessed January 24, 2020. https://commons.emich.edu/theses/610.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Grenke, Holly. “Synthesis of pinane thromboxane A₂ via suzuki-miyaura coupling.” 2015. Web. 24 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Grenke H. Synthesis of pinane thromboxane A₂ via suzuki-miyaura coupling. [Internet] [Thesis]. Eastern Michigan University; 2015. [cited 2020 Jan 24]. Available from: https://commons.emich.edu/theses/610.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Grenke H. Synthesis of pinane thromboxane A₂ via suzuki-miyaura coupling. [Thesis]. Eastern Michigan University; 2015. Available from: https://commons.emich.edu/theses/610

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Open Access Theses and Dissertations