subject:(American Naturalism)

University of Akron

1. Alharbi, Afras Khalid. Naturalism in American Literature: Tracing American Naturalism Through Word and Image.

Degree: MA, English-Literature, 2019, University of Akron

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1574432977434362

► Naturalism was a literary movement that originated in France at the end of the nineteenth century when authors began to reject the illusory interpretations of… (more)

▼ Naturalism was a literary movement that originated in France at the end of the nineteenth century when authors began to reject the illusory interpretations of reality offered by Romanticism and Victorian literature. Naturalism suddenly diverted the attention of authors from the glamour of the wealthy classes to the misery of the most disadvantaged groups of American society. The period between the end of the nineteenth century and the middle of the twentieth century was overwhelmed with rapid industrialization, urbanization, economic crisis, and two World Wars. Literature had to make people see the problems in society to provoke change. At the same time, naturalists like Stephen Crane, Jack London, Theodore Dreiser and Frank Norris, took a passive position as narrators by distancing themselves from direct moral commentary to stimulate the audience and convey the main messages of their novels. This analysis is dedicated to the naturalist movement in American literature. Throughout this thesis, I explore, compare, and contrast the works of two different schools of naturalism by tracing the elements of this literary movement in the works of authors. By analyzing naturalistic novels of whites American and African American authors, it is possible to trace different interpretations of naturalism by these two schools. Analysis of different perspectives is synthesized into a systematic review of the literary works. I also analyze elements of naturalism in film adaptations of several novels. The analysis looks at traditional forms of naturalism by tracing its elements through the works of white authors (John Steinbeck, Edith Wharton, Theodor Dreiser) and African American writers (Ann Petry, Richard Wright, and Nella Larsen). I compare and contrast these two groups of naturalist authors through an in-depth literary analysis and examination of varied scholarly sources. Finally, I discuss the screen adaptations of three naturalist works (Native Son, The Grapes of Wrath, and Carrie) and compare them to the original novels. I conclude that naturalism was ahead of its time in presenting ideas and communicating messages for which the society was not yet ready, a notion clearly evidenced clearly in the analysis of the film adaptations. Advisors/Committee Members: Chura, Patrick (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Literature; American Naturalism, African American Naturalism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Alharbi, A. K. (2019). Naturalism in American Literature: Tracing American Naturalism Through Word and Image. (Masters Thesis). University of Akron. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1574432977434362

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alharbi, Afras Khalid. “Naturalism in American Literature: Tracing American Naturalism Through Word and Image.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Akron. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1574432977434362.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alharbi, Afras Khalid. “Naturalism in American Literature: Tracing American Naturalism Through Word and Image.” 2019. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Alharbi AK. Naturalism in American Literature: Tracing American Naturalism Through Word and Image. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Akron; 2019. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1574432977434362.

Council of Science Editors:

Alharbi AK. Naturalism in American Literature: Tracing American Naturalism Through Word and Image. [Masters Thesis]. University of Akron; 2019. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1574432977434362

University of North Texas

2. Tolle, Andrew. Charlotte Perkins Gilman: Naturalist Playwright.

Degree: 2012, University of North Texas

URL: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115172/

► This study explores Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s use of the dramatic form to challenge Herbert Spencer’s social Darwinism by offering feminist adaptations of Darwin’s theories of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Naturalism; modern drama; American; Darwin; Spencer; feminism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tolle, A. (2012). Charlotte Perkins Gilman: Naturalist Playwright. (Thesis). University of North Texas. Retrieved from https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115172/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tolle, Andrew. “Charlotte Perkins Gilman: Naturalist Playwright.” 2012. Thesis, University of North Texas. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115172/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tolle, Andrew. “Charlotte Perkins Gilman: Naturalist Playwright.” 2012. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Tolle A. Charlotte Perkins Gilman: Naturalist Playwright. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Texas; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115172/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tolle A. Charlotte Perkins Gilman: Naturalist Playwright. [Thesis]. University of North Texas; 2012. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115172/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

West Virginia University

3. Yeager, Jeffrey Wayne. Prescribing the Profession: Representations of Medical Professionalization Debates in American Literary Forms, 1830-1940.

Degree: PhD, English, 2020, West Virginia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.7605 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7605

► This dissertation traces the debates concerning the professionalization of medicine in America across the 19^th- and well into the 20^th-century and explores how the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: American literature; gothic fiction; American Realism; American literary naturalism; medical professionalization; American satire; Sinclair Lewis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yeager, J. W. (2020). Prescribing the Profession: Representations of Medical Professionalization Debates in American Literary Forms, 1830-1940. (Doctoral Dissertation). West Virginia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.7605 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7605

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yeager, Jeffrey Wayne. “Prescribing the Profession: Representations of Medical Professionalization Debates in American Literary Forms, 1830-1940.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, West Virginia University. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.7605 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7605.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yeager, Jeffrey Wayne. “Prescribing the Profession: Representations of Medical Professionalization Debates in American Literary Forms, 1830-1940.” 2020. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Yeager JW. Prescribing the Profession: Representations of Medical Professionalization Debates in American Literary Forms, 1830-1940. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. West Virginia University; 2020. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.7605 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7605.

Council of Science Editors:

Yeager JW. Prescribing the Profession: Representations of Medical Professionalization Debates in American Literary Forms, 1830-1940. [Doctoral Dissertation]. West Virginia University; 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.7605 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7605

University of California – Berkeley

4. McCarthy, Eugene. Corporate Personhood(s): The Incorporation of Novel Persons in American Law, Society, and Literature, 1870-1914.

Degree: Rhetoric, 2016, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/94s0d7k5

► Recent U.S. Supreme Court decisions in Citizens United (2010) and Hobby Lobby (2014) have brought the concept of corporate personhood into mainstream discourse. By and… (more)

▼ Recent U.S. Supreme Court decisions in Citizens United (2010) and Hobby Lobby (2014) have brought the concept of corporate personhood into mainstream discourse. By and large, the public reaction to corporate personhood has ranged from confused disapproval to partially informed outrage. The general suspicion focuses on the belief that individual persons are using the corporate form to cover up their own misdeeds and to shield themselves from personal liability. My investigation into the origin and nature of corporate personhood in the United States supports these suspicions. This study reveals that the legal fiction of corporate personhood has functioned as a prosthesis for natural persons from its inception in American law and society. This legal fiction’s foundations, history, and social impact are more complex and controversial than many contemporary critics suspect. In this dissertation, I explain corporate personhood’s origins in U.S. law and society so that we may better understand how this paradoxical person functions in American culture. My dissertation examines the nineteenth-century foundations of corporate personhood and the socio-cultural ramifications of its emergence through the lenses of corporate law, legal history, modern rhetorical theory, and the American naturalist novel. Corporate personhood’s paradoxical nature lies in the fact that the corporation is simultaneously a legal fiction and a social reality; it is an artificial and invisible person, yet is composed of natural persons and tangible objects. This person enjoys perpetual life, an internal structure designed to aggregate wealth, limited liability for its deeds and debts, and a fictional body that at once enjoys legal rights and legal impunity. The corporate person, I argue, creates a rupture in nineteenth-century personhood more generally, whereby the Gilded Age corporate form produces additional “corporate persons” in its wake. These various nineteenth-century corporate persons (consolidation companies, financiers, married women, and labor unions) are the subject of this study. I examine these persons – these legal fictions – through the lens of nineteenth-century literary fiction (in particular, American naturalist novels). The naturalist novel’s fictive space represents, portrays, and characterizes these emergent corporate personalities and goes beyond the basic categories of black-letter law. My chapter-long case studies of legal fictions in literary fiction reveal that corporate persons like the Southern Pacific Railroad Corporation were able to dominate law, society, and the economy due to the seemingly fictional powers they derived through the legal act of incorporation. Natural persons who learned to navigate these networked bodies – like the robber baron financiers – emerged rich and powerful. Other persons, like married women subject to coverture’s erasure of personhood, could reclaim their legal personhood simply by imitating new corporate forms that emerged throughout the course of the nineteenth century. However, labor…

Subjects/Keywords: Rhetoric; Law; American literature; Corporate Personhood; Legal History; Legal Theory; Naturalism

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APA (6^th Edition):

McCarthy, E. (2016). Corporate Personhood(s): The Incorporation of Novel Persons in American Law, Society, and Literature, 1870-1914. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/94s0d7k5

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McCarthy, Eugene. “Corporate Personhood(s): The Incorporation of Novel Persons in American Law, Society, and Literature, 1870-1914.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/94s0d7k5.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McCarthy, Eugene. “Corporate Personhood(s): The Incorporation of Novel Persons in American Law, Society, and Literature, 1870-1914.” 2016. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

McCarthy E. Corporate Personhood(s): The Incorporation of Novel Persons in American Law, Society, and Literature, 1870-1914. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/94s0d7k5.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

McCarthy E. Corporate Personhood(s): The Incorporation of Novel Persons in American Law, Society, and Literature, 1870-1914. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/94s0d7k5

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Tennessee – Knoxville

5. Metz, Stephanie Ann. Gothic Naturalism and American Women Writers.

Degree: 2016, University of Tennessee – Knoxville

URL: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3659

► Traditionally, naturalism and the Gothic have been seen as genres that have little to do with one another. However, Frank Norris, one of the practitioners… (more)

▼ Traditionally, naturalism and the Gothic have been seen as genres that have little to do with one another. However, Frank Norris, one of the practitioners and theoreticians of canonical naturalism, argued that the roots of naturalism lie not in realism (as is often argued) but in romanticism. This project seeks to explore Norris’s claim by positing a new genre—Gothic naturalism. Gothic naturalism is a hybrid genre that combines the Gothic’s haunting nature and representations of the abject, grotesque, and uncanny with canonical naturalism’s interrogation of making choices and the forces of chance, determinism, and heredity. Although naturalism is traditionally seen as a male genre, I argue that women writers have made significant contributions to naturalism but that, because their work often draws heavily from the Gothic, thus far critics have largely omitted them from discussions of naturalism. In discussing determinism, I explore female agency and the complexity with which it is portrayed in Gothic naturalist texts by writers such as Elizabeth Stoddard, Louisa May Alcott, Mary E. Wilkins Freeman, Edith Wharton, and Edith Summers Kelley. Gothic naturalism shows gender itself as something that both haunts and frequently overdetermines female characters. Agency also becomes illusory for female characters in Gothic naturalism as they frequently encounter situations with only negative outcomes or face situations where they must make a choice only to find there are no ‘good’ choices to be made. This project contributes to naturalist studies first by exploring how naturalism collaborates with other genres but also by examining women writers frequently left out of naturalist criticism. Indeed, several of the writers discussed have not been considered as naturalist authors until now. This project also contributes to American Gothic studies by exploring the psychological manifestations of the Gothic rather than its more superficial trappings and supernatural elements.

Subjects/Keywords: Gothic; naturalism; women writers; American literature; Literature in English, North America

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APA (6^th Edition):

Metz, S. A. (2016). Gothic Naturalism and American Women Writers. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3659

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Metz, Stephanie Ann. “Gothic Naturalism and American Women Writers.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3659.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Metz, Stephanie Ann. “Gothic Naturalism and American Women Writers.” 2016. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Metz SA. Gothic Naturalism and American Women Writers. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3659.

Council of Science Editors:

Metz SA. Gothic Naturalism and American Women Writers. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2016. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3659

Cleveland State University

6. Alotaibi, Hmoud. The Power of Society in The Red Badge of Courage.

Degree: MAin English, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, 2009, Cleveland State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1249503613

► Stephen Crane’s work The Red Badge of Courage has often been cited by literary critics as an example of the author’s philosophy. The main debate… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: American Literature; Stephen Crane; Naturalism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Alotaibi, H. (2009). The Power of Society in The Red Badge of Courage. (Masters Thesis). Cleveland State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1249503613

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alotaibi, Hmoud. “The Power of Society in The Red Badge of Courage.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Cleveland State University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1249503613.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alotaibi, Hmoud. “The Power of Society in The Red Badge of Courage.” 2009. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Alotaibi H. The Power of Society in The Red Badge of Courage. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Cleveland State University; 2009. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1249503613.

Council of Science Editors:

Alotaibi H. The Power of Society in The Red Badge of Courage. [Masters Thesis]. Cleveland State University; 2009. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1249503613

Temple University

7. Mahoney, Phillip Matthew. American Multitudes: Immunity and Contagion at the Turn of the Century.

Degree: PhD, 2014, Temple University

URL: http://digital.library.temple.edu/u?/p245801coll10,267039

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English

In 1895, French sociologist Gustave Le Bon proclaimed the era of crowds upon us, in his influential work, The Crowd. Le Bon's work was… (more)

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English

In 1895, French sociologist Gustave Le Bon proclaimed the era of crowds upon us, in his influential work, The Crowd. Le Bon's work was translated into English a year later, inspiring a number of similar works by American sociologists, and almost single-handedly creating the discipline of crowd psychology. Interest in the new masses was not limited to sociologists, however. Due to advances in transportation and communication technologies, and the rise of the city, the problem of "in the mass" came to pervade the atmosphere of America, at the turn of the twentieth-century. Thus, American writers also wrestled with the difficulty of representing this catch-all entity "crowd," often speculating about what the psychology of the crowd might mean for the future of democracy. But, whereas early crowd theory was overwhelmingly conservative in its depiction of the crowd mind as a site of primitive impulses, irrational emotions, and affective contagion, authors like Frank Norris and Sherwood Anderson, though largely ceding to this description, saw in the crowd the possibility for an entirely new social consistency. Contrary to sociological prescriptives designed to brace the individual against the imminent threat of crowd contagion, however, Norris and Anderson identify what contemporary theorist Roberto Esposito terms the "immunitary regime" as the true difficulty to overcome. For Esposito, the biopolitically engendered immunitary dispositif protects modern individuals from "a risky contiguity with the other, relieving them of every obligation toward the other and enclosing them once again in the shell of their own subjectivity" (Terms 49). It is this hard shell of subjectivity that Norris and Anderson attempt to break down in their works. In this way, the two authors represent a small segment of a genealogical thread in American fiction – one stretching from Whitman, to Steinbeck, and beyond – that takes a gambit on what Badiou calls the "communist hypothesis." Perhaps most importantly, though, the texts of Norris and Anderson demonstrate, either deliberately or otherwise, that such a gambit must preclude any recourse to substantialist notions of innate gregariousness, primitive sympathy, or herd instinct. Thus, while refusing to endorse the immunitarian paradigm as the final word on being-together, Norris and Anderson demonstrate how we must work and think through immunity to arrive at an adequate concept of collective life in the modern era. While other studies of the crowd or the masses often ask what the multitude stands for, in a metonymical or metaphorical register, this one asks how it is formed, how it functions, and what it could mean for the possibility of collective life in modernity. Similarly, whereas other studies often judge a particular representation of the crowd against a preformed model of what constitutes the properly political, the following study attempts to unearth the crowd's immanent possibilities to potentially change those very models.

Temple University – Theses

Advisors/Committee Members: O'Hara, Daniel T.;, Brivic, Sheldon, Singer, Alan, Pease, Donald;.

Subjects/Keywords: American literature; Sociology;

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mahoney, P. M. (2014). American Multitudes: Immunity and Contagion at the Turn of the Century. (Doctoral Dissertation). Temple University. Retrieved from http://digital.library.temple.edu/u?/p245801coll10,267039

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mahoney, Phillip Matthew. “American Multitudes: Immunity and Contagion at the Turn of the Century.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Temple University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://digital.library.temple.edu/u?/p245801coll10,267039.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mahoney, Phillip Matthew. “American Multitudes: Immunity and Contagion at the Turn of the Century.” 2014. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Mahoney PM. American Multitudes: Immunity and Contagion at the Turn of the Century. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Temple University; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://digital.library.temple.edu/u?/p245801coll10,267039.

Council of Science Editors:

Mahoney PM. American Multitudes: Immunity and Contagion at the Turn of the Century. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Temple University; 2014. Available from: http://digital.library.temple.edu/u?/p245801coll10,267039

University of Washington

8. Manganaro, Anthony. The Mirrors of Naturalism: Stephen Crane's Pragmatic Determinism.

Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40885

► My dissertation contributes to current scholarship on nineteenth-century American naturalism by arguing that the emergent theories of determinism and pragmatism were antithetical to, and yet… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: American Literature; Determinism; Impressionism; Naturalism; Pragmatism; Stephen Crane; American literature; Literature; Philosophy; English

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Manganaro, A. (2018). The Mirrors of Naturalism: Stephen Crane's Pragmatic Determinism. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40885

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Manganaro, Anthony. “The Mirrors of Naturalism: Stephen Crane's Pragmatic Determinism.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Washington. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40885.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Manganaro, Anthony. “The Mirrors of Naturalism: Stephen Crane's Pragmatic Determinism.” 2018. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Manganaro A. The Mirrors of Naturalism: Stephen Crane's Pragmatic Determinism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Washington; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40885.

Council of Science Editors:

Manganaro A. The Mirrors of Naturalism: Stephen Crane's Pragmatic Determinism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Washington; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40885

Ohio University

9. Masterson, Kelly. Beyond Darwin: Race, Sex, and Science in American Literary Naturalism.

Degree: PhD, English (Arts and Sciences), 2018, Ohio University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1525606188894478

► “Beyond Darwin: Race, Sex, and Hereditarian Science in American Literary Naturalism” explores the intersections among science, race, and sex in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century American… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: African American Studies; American Literature; Literature; Science History; Womens Studies; American literary naturalism; naturalism; Paul Laurence Dunbar; Charles Chesnutt; Pauline Hopkins; Evelyn Scott; Edith Summers Kelley; race; sex; science; heredity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Masterson, K. (2018). Beyond Darwin: Race, Sex, and Science in American Literary Naturalism. (Doctoral Dissertation). Ohio University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1525606188894478

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Masterson, Kelly. “Beyond Darwin: Race, Sex, and Science in American Literary Naturalism.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Ohio University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1525606188894478.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Masterson, Kelly. “Beyond Darwin: Race, Sex, and Science in American Literary Naturalism.” 2018. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Masterson K. Beyond Darwin: Race, Sex, and Science in American Literary Naturalism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Ohio University; 2018. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1525606188894478.

Council of Science Editors:

Masterson K. Beyond Darwin: Race, Sex, and Science in American Literary Naturalism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Ohio University; 2018. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1525606188894478

Temple University

10. Warner, Theresa. Ficciones corporales: cuerpo y nación en los cuentos naturalistas hispanoamericanos.

Degree: PhD, 2014, Temple University

URL: http://digital.library.temple.edu/u?/p245801coll10,249099

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Spanish

This doctoral dissertation examines the intersection between body and nation in the context of Spanish American naturalist short stories from the late nineteenth and… (more)

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Spanish

This doctoral dissertation examines the intersection between body and nation in the context of Spanish American naturalist short stories from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The many forms of naturalism are useful for exploring national and societal concerns, yet most existing scholarship focuses exclusively on the naturalist novel. By combining the theories of Michel Foucault, Benedict Anderson, and Cesare Lombroso, among others, this dissertation considers the treatment of characters' bodies in their historical contexts and the larger national concerns they portray. Collections by three authors from the Southern Cone are studied: Sub terra, Baldomero Lillo (Chile, 1904); Cuentos de la Pampa, Manuel Ugarte (Argentina, 1903); and Campo, Javier de Viana (Uruguay, 1896). The prologue introduces the theoretical framework that supports the analyses in subsequent chapters and describes the cultural context of the literary movement. It argues that the short story is a particularly useful tool for exploring this topic because, due to its brevity, characters' bodies must often relay vital information. Chapter one analyzes Sub terra and the Chilean miners it presents, studying its connection to the Chilean national body's exploitation at the hands of foreign capitalists who are solely interested in extracting its wealth of natural resources. Chapter two moves to Argentina and examines Cuentos de la Pampa, exploring those characters who reside in limbo between past and present, civilization and barbarism. Chapter three is dedicated to the study of Campo and the ways in which Javier de Viana uses the degraded gaucho body to represent the societal decay plaguing the Uruguayan countryside. For all of these authors, naturalist short stories prove an effective means of exploring national concerns. Within the genre of short fiction, every word is of vital importance and, thus, the body frequently serves as a vessel to communicate ideas such as moral and physical decay, weakness, abuse, and excess. Characters' bodies are a microcosm of the national body as a whole, whose maladies these three authors explore in a variety of ways.

Temple University – Theses

Advisors/Committee Members: Aldarondo, Hiram;, Lorenzino, Gerardo, Pueyo Zoco, Víctor, Esteban, Angel;.

Subjects/Keywords: Latin American literature;

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APA (6^th Edition):

Warner, T. (2014). Ficciones corporales: cuerpo y nación en los cuentos naturalistas hispanoamericanos. (Doctoral Dissertation). Temple University. Retrieved from http://digital.library.temple.edu/u?/p245801coll10,249099

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Warner, Theresa. “Ficciones corporales: cuerpo y nación en los cuentos naturalistas hispanoamericanos.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Temple University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://digital.library.temple.edu/u?/p245801coll10,249099.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Warner, Theresa. “Ficciones corporales: cuerpo y nación en los cuentos naturalistas hispanoamericanos.” 2014. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Warner T. Ficciones corporales: cuerpo y nación en los cuentos naturalistas hispanoamericanos. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Temple University; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://digital.library.temple.edu/u?/p245801coll10,249099.

Council of Science Editors:

Warner T. Ficciones corporales: cuerpo y nación en los cuentos naturalistas hispanoamericanos. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Temple University; 2014. Available from: http://digital.library.temple.edu/u?/p245801coll10,249099

University of California – Berkeley

11. Cecire, Natalia Aki. A Sense of the Real: Experimental Writing and the Sciences, 1879-1946.

Degree: English, 2010, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/16t8422v

► This American literature dissertation offers an account of the critical category of “experimental literature,” arguing that, nebulous as the term appears to be, it is… (more)

▼ This American literature dissertation offers an account of the critical category of “experimental literature,” arguing that, nebulous as the term appears to be, it is rooted in ideas of scientific experiment that were under debate in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While experimental literature is often described in terms of “formal innovation,” this dissertation reads literary form not as an autonomous category in its own right but as an indicator of epistemological investments. Borrowing Lorraine Daston and Peter Galison’s concept of the “epistemic virtue,” this dissertation argues that experimental literature seeks to produce a “sense of the real,” not by thematically treating scientific ideas or even by emulating scientific methods, but rather by using literary form to negotiate the changing landscape of what constituted scientificity in the first place. Epistemic virtues are the investments, at once methodological and ethical, that define the experimental mode. Experimental authors, this dissertation argues, seek ways for literature to produce knowledge with strong epistemic guarantees. The dissertation begins by reading Émile Zola’s Nana as an early articulation of how literature might engage in research. Nana reveals the centrality of the epistemic virtue of objectivity to Zola’s project, as well as a surprising symbiosis between objectivity and spectacle. A chapter on Gertrude Stein’s undergraduate and graduate scientific research and early writings (through Three Lives) shows that a naturalist version of experimentalism feeds directly into Stein's modernism. A chapter on the poetry of Marianne Moore argues that precision is the key epistemic virtue that Moore deploys, and that precision’s refusal of hierarchy and negotiation of “high” and “low” cultural forms has underwritten the ambivalent reception history of her work. The final chapter reads William Carlos Williams’s late poem Paterson together with Boasian anthropology to argue that Williams’s late poetic image operates as a means of guaranteeing presence.

Subjects/Keywords: American literature; Romance literature; experimental literature; history of science; modernism; naturalism; poetics; visual culture

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cecire, N. A. (2010). A Sense of the Real: Experimental Writing and the Sciences, 1879-1946. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/16t8422v

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cecire, Natalia Aki. “A Sense of the Real: Experimental Writing and the Sciences, 1879-1946.” 2010. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/16t8422v.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cecire, Natalia Aki. “A Sense of the Real: Experimental Writing and the Sciences, 1879-1946.” 2010. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Cecire NA. A Sense of the Real: Experimental Writing and the Sciences, 1879-1946. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2010. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/16t8422v.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cecire NA. A Sense of the Real: Experimental Writing and the Sciences, 1879-1946. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2010. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/16t8422v

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Penn State University

12. Collins, Peter. REIMAGINING THE FREE MARKET: AMERICAN LITERATURE AND ECONOMICS FROM THE PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT DEPRESSION.

Degree: 2011, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12201

► This dissertation examines the role that U.S. literature played between 1880 and the start of World War II in challenging and rethinking free market ideology.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: American literature; economics; free market; Progressive Era; Great Depression; modernism; naturalism; utopian literature; liberalism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Collins, P. (2011). REIMAGINING THE FREE MARKET: AMERICAN LITERATURE AND ECONOMICS FROM THE PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT DEPRESSION. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12201

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Collins, Peter. “REIMAGINING THE FREE MARKET: AMERICAN LITERATURE AND ECONOMICS FROM THE PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT DEPRESSION.” 2011. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12201.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Collins, Peter. “REIMAGINING THE FREE MARKET: AMERICAN LITERATURE AND ECONOMICS FROM THE PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT DEPRESSION.” 2011. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Collins P. REIMAGINING THE FREE MARKET: AMERICAN LITERATURE AND ECONOMICS FROM THE PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT DEPRESSION. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12201.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Collins P. REIMAGINING THE FREE MARKET: AMERICAN LITERATURE AND ECONOMICS FROM THE PROGRESSIVE ERA THROUGH THE GREAT DEPRESSION. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12201

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

13. Ridgway, Franklin W. Injurious Distances: Mobility, Space, Realism.

Degree: PhD, 0311, 2011, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18607

► American literary realism and naturalism emerged in an era in which the forces of capital were remaking not only the American social landscape, but also… (more)

▼ American literary realism and naturalism emerged in an era in which the forces of capital were remaking not only the American social landscape, but also the physical landscape as such. Social upheaval was accompanied by new experiences of physical speed, telecommunications, and the mechanization of the urban grid As the traditional ordering of movement through space gave way to such new spatial phenomena as the Pullman sleeper, the stock-exchange floor, and the traffic jam, space itself quickly became more mediated by text. Text not only represented space, but textuality took on a more crucial role in the process of knowing and using spaces. This dissertation discusses how white middle-class authors of the American Gilded Age and Progressive Era struggled to interpret the fluidity of new American spaces. I argue that for Mark Twain, Frank Norris, and Theodore Dreiser, physical motion and the continual remaking of the built environment enabled new kinds of subjectivity. Specifically, I assert texts such as Mark Twain???s early narratives, Norris???s The Octopus, and Dreiser???s An American Tragedy attempted to model ways of understanding new American spatialities, while betraying a persistent anxiety about the power of writing itself to render such spatialities transparent. Focusing on systems of mobility during the Gilded Age and Progressive Era, I analyze the fundamental tensions in the texts under discussion, as well as on the way they addressed the material contradictions in systems of mobility around 1900. I argue that Twain, Norris, and Dreiser were ambivalent about the experience of motion and spatial ephemerality, and that that their writings therefore register the inherent difficulty in making sense of the technosocial systems undergirding those experiences. Advisors/Committee Members: Foote, Stephanie (advisor), Foote, Stephanie (Committee Chair), Loughran, Patricia (committee member), Maxwell, William J. (committee member), Oberdeck, Kathryn J. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: American literature; naturalism; Gilded Age; Progressive Era; Mark Twain; Frank Norris; Theodore Dreiser; transportation; mobility

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ridgway, F. W. (2011). Injurious Distances: Mobility, Space, Realism. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18607

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ridgway, Franklin W. “Injurious Distances: Mobility, Space, Realism.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18607.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ridgway, Franklin W. “Injurious Distances: Mobility, Space, Realism.” 2011. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ridgway FW. Injurious Distances: Mobility, Space, Realism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18607.

Council of Science Editors:

Ridgway FW. Injurious Distances: Mobility, Space, Realism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18607

14. Conerly, Mary Scruggs. Naturalism in the Work of Stephen Crane.

Degree: 1952, North Texas State College

URL: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc663295/

A critical study of naturalism and its influence in the works of Stephen Crane. Advisors/Committee Members: Logue, Joseph M., Dougherty, James Henry, 1901-.

Subjects/Keywords: literary naturalism; Stephen Crane; American fiction

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APA (6^th Edition):

Conerly, M. S. (1952). Naturalism in the Work of Stephen Crane. (Thesis). North Texas State College. Retrieved from https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc663295/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Conerly, Mary Scruggs. “Naturalism in the Work of Stephen Crane.” 1952. Thesis, North Texas State College. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc663295/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Conerly, Mary Scruggs. “Naturalism in the Work of Stephen Crane.” 1952. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Conerly MS. Naturalism in the Work of Stephen Crane. [Internet] [Thesis]. North Texas State College; 1952. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc663295/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Conerly MS. Naturalism in the Work of Stephen Crane. [Thesis]. North Texas State College; 1952. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc663295/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Loyola University Chicago

15. Osborn, Haley Lee. Naturalism, Murder, and Identity in Three Short Stories of Ramon Ferreira.

Degree: MA, Spanish, 2013, Loyola University Chicago

URL: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/1822

► En sus varios cuentos premiados el autor cubano Ramón Ferreira le enseña a su lector el lado más oscuro y violento de la sociedad… (more)

▼ En sus varios cuentos premiados el autor cubano Ramón Ferreira le enseña a su lector el lado más oscuro y violento de la sociedad cubana de manera crudamente verosímil. Durante la época en que escribió, entre 1950 y 1960, mientras que el país sufría turbulencia política y social, Ferreira creaba historias sensacionalistas que mostraban escenas de asesinatos, ladrones, prejuicios, obsesiones, vicios, y cuestiones relacionadas con la falta de justicia en Cuba. Desde Cuba, Ferreira se inspiró en la evolución y el gran viaje del naturalismo que comenzó en Francia con Zola, pasando por España con Pardo Bazán, Sudamérica con varios como el chileno Augusto d'Halmar y la peruana Clorinda Matto de Turner, el Caribe con el puertorriqueño Matías González García y cubano Carlos Loveira, y transformándose en los Estados Unidos con autores como Frank Norris y Theodore Dreiser, para nombrar algunos. El naturalismo ha hecho un viaje extenso y cambiante desde su nacimiento, mostrando pequeñas modificaciones en el género con cada autor naturalista. Ramón Ferreira, [1921/2007] también se inclinaba hacia esta tendencia. Nació en la misma tierra que Emilia Pardo Bazán y vivió allí antes de mudarse a Cuba a los ocho años de edad, y estudió fotografía en los Estados Unidos cuando era joven, por lo que disfrutó de amplias oportunidades para informarse de las tendencias naturalistas internacionales, especialmente las de la primera parte del siglo XX. Muchas formas del naturalismo se inspiraron en la expansión y la industrialización de las ciudades. De manera semejante, en sus cuentos Ferreira nos lleva a la ciudad vibrante y cambiante de la Habana en que varios tipos de gente y sus distintas peculiaridades chocan. Para él, la Habana se convirtió en el ambiente perfecto para demostrar las debilidades de la sociedad de la época debido a la mezcla de gente tan variada. Así, el crimen, la violencia, el racismo, los prejuicios, el machismo, el choque entre las clases sociales y los estereotipos de la sociedad se transformaron en sus temas prominentes. En sus cuentos vemos cómo estas tensiones alienaban a los grupos `marginalizados' de Cuba, impidiéndoles participar en la sociedad modernizada, por lo que se creaba una gran desventaja para esa gente "diferente" por sus ideales, su sexo, o su raza. Estas diferencias eran a menudo saldadas con la violencia. Aunque Ferreira se enfocaba en el ángulo grotesco de los abandonados de la época, en vez de enfocarse en el horror del acto criminal, subraya el ambiente social y la situación desventajosa de los protagonistas. Con esta técnica, Ferreira logró mostrar en la ciudad, en sus palabras, "la penuria del lugar," "el aspecto miserable de la gente," "el estado ruinoso" de sus casas, "su ingenuidad al hablar," "la zonas más oscuras del prejuicio," "las leyes tiránicas impuestas por una sociedad machista," y la desesperación de los menos favorecidos forzados a luchar para sobrevivir (Papá, cuéntame, vii). En mi análisis de tres cuentos - "Lazo de oro," "Cita a las nueve," y "Sueño…

Subjects/Keywords: Caribbean Literature; Crime; Cuban Literature; Ferreira; Naturalism; Short Story; Latin American Literature

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APA (6^th Edition):

Osborn, H. L. (2013). Naturalism, Murder, and Identity in Three Short Stories of Ramon Ferreira. (Thesis). Loyola University Chicago. Retrieved from https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/1822

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Osborn, Haley Lee. “Naturalism, Murder, and Identity in Three Short Stories of Ramon Ferreira.” 2013. Thesis, Loyola University Chicago. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/1822.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Osborn, Haley Lee. “Naturalism, Murder, and Identity in Three Short Stories of Ramon Ferreira.” 2013. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Osborn HL. Naturalism, Murder, and Identity in Three Short Stories of Ramon Ferreira. [Internet] [Thesis]. Loyola University Chicago; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/1822.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Osborn HL. Naturalism, Murder, and Identity in Three Short Stories of Ramon Ferreira. [Thesis]. Loyola University Chicago; 2013. Available from: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/1822

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Georgia

16. Blackburn, Charles. Imaging character.

Degree: 2014, University of Georgia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26237

► This paper addresses several novels by the Georgia-born writer Harry Crews. Karate Is a Thing of the Spirit, A Feast of Snakes, and Body each… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Harry Crews; Southern Literature; Novel Studies; Feminism; Freakishness; Meta-Fiction; Postmodernism; American Naturalism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Blackburn, C. (2014). Imaging character. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26237

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Blackburn, Charles. “Imaging character.” 2014. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26237.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Blackburn, Charles. “Imaging character.” 2014. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Blackburn C. Imaging character. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26237.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Blackburn C. Imaging character. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26237

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

The Ohio State University

17. Haneline, Douglas Latham. The swing of the pendulum: naturalism in contemporary American literature.

Degree: PhD, Graduate School, 1978, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487078284402466

Subjects/Keywords: Literature; American literature; Naturalism in literature

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APA (6^th Edition):

Haneline, D. L. (1978). The swing of the pendulum: naturalism in contemporary American literature. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487078284402466

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Haneline, Douglas Latham. “The swing of the pendulum: naturalism in contemporary American literature.” 1978. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487078284402466.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Haneline, Douglas Latham. “The swing of the pendulum: naturalism in contemporary American literature.” 1978. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Haneline DL. The swing of the pendulum: naturalism in contemporary American literature. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1978. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487078284402466.

Council of Science Editors:

Haneline DL. The swing of the pendulum: naturalism in contemporary American literature. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1978. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487078284402466

University of Tennessee – Knoxville

18. Locke, Jeremy Kevin. Southern Gothic Fiction and New Naturalism: Toward a Reading of New Naturalism.

Degree: 2015, University of Tennessee – Knoxville

URL: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3508

► This dissertation explores the intersections of American naturalism and the Southern Gothic by seeking to demonstrate how William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying, Flannery O’Connor’s… (more)

▼ This dissertation explores the intersections of American naturalism and the Southern Gothic by seeking to demonstrate how William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying, Flannery O’Connor’s Wise Blood, and Cormac McCarthy’s Blood Meridian, or the Evening Redness in the West revise key elements of fin-de-siècle naturalist fiction in a manner that enables them to create a new naturalism that they use to shed light upon the tendency of the sociocultural narratives that give meaning to the traditional conception of the Southern community to entrap characters within predetermined identities. Of particular interest are these texts’ revisions of the figures of the naturalist narrator and the naturalist protagonist. Moreover, by calling attention to the revision of literary naturalism that occurs in these three novels, I argue further that their engagement with naturalism contributes to current understandings of the Southern Gothic mode and offers new directions in naturalist studies that will lead to a greater understanding of the conventions and techniques of new naturalism. Specifically, I contend that placing emphasis on the Southern Gothic’s naturalist features allows readers to gain greater insight concerning questions of what happens to the Southern Gothic protagonist following his realization that he “has been ‘divested of the illusion of transcendent significance for either his social or personal existence and so finds himself an ‘alien, a stranger,’ ‘an exile,’ in the world that had once been his home” (Rubin xiii). It pushes beyond this observation by arguing that while the Southern Gothic characters’ lives unfold within the parameters of sociocultural narratives and structures that seek to determine their identities in a manner reminiscent of first-wave naturalism, these characters, unlike the unthinking naturalist brute, are conscious of the alienation and determinism that he or she experiences. This consciousness enables them to act as new naturalist characters that resist the deterministic environments that threaten to entrap them by creating narratives of self with which to combat the claims of the prevailing sociocultural narratives in which they have become inscribed and that will determine them should they not resist by conceiving of themselves as existing outside of their influence.

Subjects/Keywords: Southern Gothic; American Literary Naturalism; As I Lay Dying; Wise Blood; Blood Meridian; American Literature; Literature in English, North America

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APA (6^th Edition):

Locke, J. K. (2015). Southern Gothic Fiction and New Naturalism: Toward a Reading of New Naturalism. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3508

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Locke, Jeremy Kevin. “Southern Gothic Fiction and New Naturalism: Toward a Reading of New Naturalism.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3508.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Locke, Jeremy Kevin. “Southern Gothic Fiction and New Naturalism: Toward a Reading of New Naturalism.” 2015. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Locke JK. Southern Gothic Fiction and New Naturalism: Toward a Reading of New Naturalism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2015. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3508.

Council of Science Editors:

Locke JK. Southern Gothic Fiction and New Naturalism: Toward a Reading of New Naturalism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2015. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3508

Vanderbilt University

19. Fusco, Katherine. Time material: temporality, narrative, and modernity in silent film and American naturalism.

Degree: PhD, English, 2008, Vanderbilt University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13673

► By examining naturalist novels and silent films from 1895 to 1915, my dissertation projects backwards out of these representational “solutions” to identify a formal and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Modernity; Naturalism; Silent Film; American Literature; Time

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fusco, K. (2008). Time material: temporality, narrative, and modernity in silent film and American naturalism. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13673

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fusco, Katherine. “Time material: temporality, narrative, and modernity in silent film and American naturalism.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13673.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fusco, Katherine. “Time material: temporality, narrative, and modernity in silent film and American naturalism.” 2008. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Fusco K. Time material: temporality, narrative, and modernity in silent film and American naturalism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2008. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13673.

Council of Science Editors:

Fusco K. Time material: temporality, narrative, and modernity in silent film and American naturalism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13673

McMaster University

20. Evangelista, Bruno. Stephen Crane: Impressionist.

Degree: MA, 1988, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/15628

Abstract Not Provided

Thesis

Master of Arts (MA)

Advisors/Committee Members: Berland, Alwyn, English.

Subjects/Keywords: Impressionist; American literature; schools of literature; realism; naturalism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Evangelista, B. (1988). Stephen Crane: Impressionist. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/15628

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Evangelista, Bruno. “Stephen Crane: Impressionist.” 1988. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/15628.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Evangelista, Bruno. “Stephen Crane: Impressionist.” 1988. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Evangelista B. Stephen Crane: Impressionist. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 1988. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/15628.

Council of Science Editors:

Evangelista B. Stephen Crane: Impressionist. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 1988. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/15628

University of Western Ontario

21. Luedecke, Patricia. Financial Frictions: Money and Materiality in American Literary Naturalism, 1890-1925.

Degree: 2019, University of Western Ontario

URL: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6508

► My dissertation argues that American literary naturalists employ money—particularly the tension between its materiality and immateriality—as a metaphor for hidden ontological instability in the following… (more)

▼ My dissertation argues that American literary naturalists employ money—particularly the tension between its materiality and immateriality—as a metaphor for hidden ontological instability in the following nineteenth-century cultural cornerstones: financial speculation, criminal justice, race law, and social-Darwinian individualism. My first chapter investigates the tension between material accounting and Gothic ethereality in Theodore Dreiser’s The Financier (1912). This chapter argues that, since the Gothic genre involves a compulsive need to account for the incredible and incorporeal, The Financier’s irresolvable tensions between gambling and speculation, home and market, are Gothically inflected. I conclude that, just as speculation haunts the ontological coherence of the home, so does it haunt the supposedly settled account of the judicial verdict in the novel. The second chapter, on Charles Chesnutt’s The House Behind the Cedars (1900), surveys the essentialist nineteenth-century rhetoric that elided African American citizenship with intangible fiat money. Locating resonances in the novel between passing and the history of specie Resumption, counterfeit detection, and Confederate currency, the chapter posits that Chesnutt mobilizes immaterial fiscal confidence to undercut the validity of legal metrics for detecting racial essentialism. The third chapter recruits the more abstract financial concept of insurance to argue that determinism stems from a density of chance that disrupts neat narratives of causation in Stephen Crane’s “The Open Boat” (1897) and “The Blue Hotel” (1898). I suggest that, like insurance, naturalism employs a deterministic inevitability of chance to loosen social Darwinism’s mooring of responsibility to the individual in order to disperse it more equitably. The final chapter, on Jack London’s The Sea-Wolf (1904), suggests that the monetary metaphors in the novel appear to bolster deterministic materialism by aligning the materiality of hard money with a Malthusianism of finite resources and Darwin’s struggle for existence. However, I argue that London embeds reminders of money’s immaterial sociality in these metaphors in order to reassert morality and to undercut social Darwinian individualism. My dissertation demonstrates that, far from being bound to a “pessimistic materialistic determinism,” American literary naturalism marshaled the immaterial belief that makes money function in order to question the perceived inevitabilities that governed turn-of-the-century ideology.

Subjects/Keywords: American Literary Naturalism 1890-1925; Materiality; Money; Currency; Financial Panic; Social Darwinism; Literature in English, North America

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APA (6^th Edition):

Luedecke, P. (2019). Financial Frictions: Money and Materiality in American Literary Naturalism, 1890-1925. (Thesis). University of Western Ontario. Retrieved from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6508

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Luedecke, Patricia. “Financial Frictions: Money and Materiality in American Literary Naturalism, 1890-1925.” 2019. Thesis, University of Western Ontario. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6508.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Luedecke, Patricia. “Financial Frictions: Money and Materiality in American Literary Naturalism, 1890-1925.” 2019. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Luedecke P. Financial Frictions: Money and Materiality in American Literary Naturalism, 1890-1925. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2019. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6508.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Luedecke P. Financial Frictions: Money and Materiality in American Literary Naturalism, 1890-1925. [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2019. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6508

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

22. Bauer, Gillian Nelson. Gothic Slumming: Realist Writers and Gothic Texts in Progressive Era America.

Degree: PhD, English, 2013, Loyola University Chicago

URL: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/500

► During the Progressive Era, American realist and naturalist writers frequently employed the gothic mode. In contrast with critics who contend that the gothic is… (more)

▼ During the Progressive Era, American realist and naturalist writers frequently employed the gothic mode. In contrast with critics who contend that the gothic is a subversive or disruptive mode, I suggest that the relationship between realism and the gothic is one of collaboration rather than conflict. These modally mixed works, which I refer to as gothic realism, express class anxieties that arose during this period, concerns that resulted from the rapid urbanization, immigration, increased cross-class interaction, and economic precariousness that mark the latter end of the nineteenth and the early years of the twentieth centuries. Following Teresa Goddu, I consider the gothic that mode best suited to voicing cultural contradictions, or those things that are unspeakable to and unarticulable in a given culture. Class, I suggest, is perhaps the greatest cultural contradiction in America. The gothic mode steps in where realism fails to describe this contradiction; it both masks class anxieties with gothic language while simultaneously, through that masking, expresses the difficulties Americans have defining and describing class. By reassessing the gothic as it interacts with realism, my project uncovers the mechanisms by which both class and the gothic have been both obscured and effaced in American culture. Through in-depth readings of works by Frank Norris, Edith Wharton, Mark Twain and others, I explore how a nexus of class anxieties, including the destabilization of class boundaries, the threat of downward mobility, and the reality of class in a democratic society, were expressed in Progressive Era gothic realist fiction. Concluding with a larger consideration of the canonical fortunes of gothic realist works, I contend that the critical void surrounding the discussion of this literature can be explained by Progressive Era cultural concerns that affected the formation of English departments and resulted in a scholarly environment inhospitable to modally mixed works today. I suggest that the absence of critical recognition of gothic realism is symptomatic of a pervasive middle-class blindness to class that manifests in insistence on modal purity. Returning the gothic to our discussions of realist fiction therefore makes class more visible in our studies of American literature.

Subjects/Keywords: American Literature; Class; Gothic; Naturalism; Realism; Social Class; American Literature

…democratic republic, or the extent to which it determines or defines the American experience, is a… …why the gothic is that mode best suited to voice class anxieties in American fiction… …with its American re-make Quarantine [2008]). 3 all day long, and so far… …nineteenth-century American fiction, in particular through the interaction of the gothic and… …illustrates an American tradition of eliding class in favor of other interpretive models like race…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bauer, G. N. (2013). Gothic Slumming: Realist Writers and Gothic Texts in Progressive Era America. (Doctoral Dissertation). Loyola University Chicago. Retrieved from https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/500

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bauer, Gillian Nelson. “Gothic Slumming: Realist Writers and Gothic Texts in Progressive Era America.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Loyola University Chicago. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/500.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bauer, Gillian Nelson. “Gothic Slumming: Realist Writers and Gothic Texts in Progressive Era America.” 2013. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Bauer GN. Gothic Slumming: Realist Writers and Gothic Texts in Progressive Era America. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Loyola University Chicago; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/500.

Council of Science Editors:

Bauer GN. Gothic Slumming: Realist Writers and Gothic Texts in Progressive Era America. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Loyola University Chicago; 2013. Available from: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/500

Florida International University

23. Soderblom, Matthew John. Progressive Saxonism: The Construction of Anglo-Saxonism in Jack London's The Valley of the Moon and Frank Norris's McTeague.

Degree: MA, English, 2017, Florida International University

URL: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3219 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001752 ; FIDC001752

► The purpose of my thesis seeks to uncover the constructed nature of the Anglo-Saxon ethnicity within two works of fiction. My thesis utilizes London’s… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Naturalism; American Literature; Race Studies; Whiteness Studies; Progressive Politics; American Literature; Cultural History; Ethnic Studies; Literature in English, North America; Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Soderblom, M. J. (2017). Progressive Saxonism: The Construction of Anglo-Saxonism in Jack London's The Valley of the Moon and Frank Norris's McTeague. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3219 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001752 ; FIDC001752

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Soderblom, Matthew John. “Progressive Saxonism: The Construction of Anglo-Saxonism in Jack London's The Valley of the Moon and Frank Norris's McTeague.” 2017. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3219 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001752 ; FIDC001752.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Soderblom, Matthew John. “Progressive Saxonism: The Construction of Anglo-Saxonism in Jack London's The Valley of the Moon and Frank Norris's McTeague.” 2017. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Soderblom MJ. Progressive Saxonism: The Construction of Anglo-Saxonism in Jack London's The Valley of the Moon and Frank Norris's McTeague. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3219 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001752 ; FIDC001752.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Soderblom MJ. Progressive Saxonism: The Construction of Anglo-Saxonism in Jack London's The Valley of the Moon and Frank Norris's McTeague. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2017. Available from: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3219 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001752 ; FIDC001752

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of South Florida

24. Lelekis, Debbie. Lily’s Dilemma: Opposing Principles in The House of Mirth.

Degree: 2004, University of South Florida

URL: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1128

► The focus of this study is Lily Bart and how she maneuvers in the cold, competitive world of upper class New York. To create a… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Edith Wharton; American literature; the novel; naturalism; realism; American Studies; Arts and Humanities

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lelekis, D. (2004). Lily’s Dilemma: Opposing Principles in The House of Mirth. (Thesis). University of South Florida. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1128

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lelekis, Debbie. “Lily’s Dilemma: Opposing Principles in The House of Mirth.” 2004. Thesis, University of South Florida. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1128.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lelekis, Debbie. “Lily’s Dilemma: Opposing Principles in The House of Mirth.” 2004. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Lelekis D. Lily’s Dilemma: Opposing Principles in The House of Mirth. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2004. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1128.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lelekis D. Lily’s Dilemma: Opposing Principles in The House of Mirth. [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2004. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1128

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Maryland

25. Solomon, Jennifer Welch. The Body Made Visible: Scientific Practices of Seeing and Literary Naturalism.

Degree: English Language and Literature, 2004, University of Maryland

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2059

► This study examines how ideas about the body in the late 19th century – how to see them better and how best to represent them – are… (more)

▼ This study examines how ideas about the body in the late 19th century – how to see them better and how best to represent them – are circulating in discussions among physiologists and sociologists, and how naturalist writers engage these discussions with their own representational strategies. Often, what their works create is a strong tension between methods of corporeal control – immobilizing bodies, abstracting bodies, establishing distance from bodies – and the fact that many bodies refuse to submit to any normative power. I argue that scientists develop visual strategies as a way of learning more about bodies, and ultimately this knowledge can be used for purposes of social reform and regulation. Likewise, naturalist writers focus their narrative upon the body as a way of demonstrating lack of agency and problems with developing identity. In using some of the strategies for bodily representation that physiologists and sociologists do, naturalist writers also point to social problems that warrant change. In Chapter One, I trace the desire for bodily penetration on the part of physiologists and naturalist writers such as Émile Zola and Frank Norris. I argue that the bodily interior is conceived of as mechanistic and that naturalist writers use visual methods of magnification and immobilizationsuccessful in the physiological fieldto elicit a sense of the interior. In Chapter Two, I discuss how physiologists and sociologists use abstraction to reduce bodies to an essence as a way of ordering excessive detail for measuring purposes. I argue that naturalist writers like Norris and Stephen Crane also engage in abstraction, producing familiar types on the one hand and surreal figures on the other. Finally, in Chapter Three, I examine the multitude of bodiesthe crowds. Again, I examine the relationship between social science and visual strategies of order. I juxtapose the early actualities of Edison and the Lumière Brothers with naturalist texts by Edith Wharton, Norris, and Crane, examining ways that visual strategies of ordering crowdschiefly by establishing distance and perspectiveare used and subverted in literary texts so as to highlight the disruptive power of the crowd. Advisors/Committee Members: Auerbach, Jonathan (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Literature, American; American Studies; visual; naturalism; body; Norris; Crane; Wharton

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APA (6^th Edition):

Solomon, J. W. (2004). The Body Made Visible: Scientific Practices of Seeing and Literary Naturalism. (Thesis). University of Maryland. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2059

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Solomon, Jennifer Welch. “The Body Made Visible: Scientific Practices of Seeing and Literary Naturalism.” 2004. Thesis, University of Maryland. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2059.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Solomon, Jennifer Welch. “The Body Made Visible: Scientific Practices of Seeing and Literary Naturalism.” 2004. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Solomon JW. The Body Made Visible: Scientific Practices of Seeing and Literary Naturalism. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2004. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2059.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Solomon JW. The Body Made Visible: Scientific Practices of Seeing and Literary Naturalism. [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2004. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2059

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cleveland State University

26. Littlejohn, Amonte. HOPEFUL HOSTILITY:AN ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF AMERICAN NATURALISM.

Degree: MAin English, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, 2011, Cleveland State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1313609535

► American Naturalism has a reputation of being a reductive and often times violent genre, but in its brutality exists a lens to examine adverse social… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Literature; American Naturalism; horror fiction; zombies; naturalism; narratology; violence; black fiction; max brooks; world war z; ann petry; the street; criticism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Littlejohn, A. (2011). HOPEFUL HOSTILITY:AN ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF AMERICAN NATURALISM. (Masters Thesis). Cleveland State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1313609535

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Littlejohn, Amonte. “HOPEFUL HOSTILITY:AN ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF AMERICAN NATURALISM.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Cleveland State University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1313609535.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Littlejohn, Amonte. “HOPEFUL HOSTILITY:AN ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF AMERICAN NATURALISM.” 2011. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Littlejohn A. HOPEFUL HOSTILITY:AN ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF AMERICAN NATURALISM. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Cleveland State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1313609535.

Council of Science Editors:

Littlejohn A. HOPEFUL HOSTILITY:AN ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF AMERICAN NATURALISM. [Masters Thesis]. Cleveland State University; 2011. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1313609535

Columbia University

27. Polefrone, Phillip Robert. Human/Nature: American Literary Naturalism and the Anthropocene.

Degree: 2020, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-jnms-bw83

► “Human/Nature: American Literary Naturalism and the Anthropocene” examines works of fiction from the genre of American literary naturalism that sought to represent the emergence of… (more)

▼ “Human/Nature: American Literary Naturalism and the Anthropocene” examines works of fiction from the genre of American literary naturalism that sought to represent the emergence of the environmental crisis known today as the Anthropocene. Reading works by Jack London, Frank Norris, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and Charles W. Chesnutt, I show how the genre’s well-known tropes of determinism, atavism, and super-individual scales of narration were used to create narratives across vast scales of space and time, spanning the entire planet as well as multi-epochal stretches of geologic time. This reading expands existing definitions of American literary naturalism through a combination of literary analysis, engagement with contemporary theory, and discussion of the historical context of proto-Anthropocenic theories of the late-19th and early-20th centuries. Whereas most earlier understandings of naturalism have focused on human nature as it is determined by environmental conditions, I follow the inverse: the impact of collective human action on the physical environment. Previous definitions of naturalism have only told part of the story of determinism, making it impossible to recognize until now the genre’s unusual capacity to aesthetically capture humanity’s pervasive impact on the planet. Each of the dissertation’s four chapters focuses on a single author, a single aesthetic strategy, and a single problematic in Anthropocene discourse. My first chapter argues that Jack London’s late work (1906–1916) balanced his attempts to understand the human as a species with a growing interest in sustainable agriculture, resulting in a planetary theorization of environmental destruction through careless cultivation. But London’s human-centered environmental thinking ultimately served his well-known white supremacism, substantiating recent critiques that the Anthropocene’s universalism merely reproduces historical structures of wealth and power. Rather than the human per se, Frank Norris put his focus on finance capitalism in his classic 1901 novel The Octopus, embodying the hybrid human/natural force that he saw expanding over the face of the planet in the figure of the Wheat, a cultivated yet inhuman force that is as much machine as it is nature. I show how Norris turned Joseph LeConte’s proto-Anthropocenic theory of the Psychozoic era (1877) into a Capitalocene aesthetics, a contradictory sublimity in which individuals are both crushed by and feel themselves responsible for the new geologic force transforming the planet. While London and Norris focus on the destructive capacities of human agency, Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s 1915 novel Herland takes a utopian approach, depicting a society of women with total control of their environment that anticipates conceptions of a “good Anthropocene.” Gilman built on the theories of sociologist and paleobotanist Lester Ward as well as her own experience in the domestic reform movement to imagine a garden world where the human inhabitants become totally integrated into the non-human…

Subjects/Keywords: American literature; Ecology; Climatic changes; Naturalism in literature; London, Jack, 1876-1916; Norris, Frank, 1870-1902; Gilman, Charlotte Perkins, 1860-1935; Chesnutt, Charles W. (Charles Waddell), 1858-1932

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APA (6^th Edition):

Polefrone, P. R. (2020). Human/Nature: American Literary Naturalism and the Anthropocene. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-jnms-bw83

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Polefrone, Phillip Robert. “Human/Nature: American Literary Naturalism and the Anthropocene.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed February 25, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-jnms-bw83.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Polefrone, Phillip Robert. “Human/Nature: American Literary Naturalism and the Anthropocene.” 2020. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Polefrone PR. Human/Nature: American Literary Naturalism and the Anthropocene. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2020. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-jnms-bw83.

Council of Science Editors:

Polefrone PR. Human/Nature: American Literary Naturalism and the Anthropocene. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-jnms-bw83

Vanderbilt University

28. Graydon, Benjamin Thomas. Marketing Fictions: Product Branding in American Literature and Culture, 1890-1915.

Degree: PhD, English, 2008, Vanderbilt University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14036

► This dissertation is a study of the relationship between product branding and American literature and culture around the turn of the twentieth century. By the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: prose fiction; modernism; naturalism; realism; product branding; business history; American literature

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APA (6^th Edition):

Graydon, B. T. (2008). Marketing Fictions: Product Branding in American Literature and Culture, 1890-1915. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14036

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Graydon, Benjamin Thomas. “Marketing Fictions: Product Branding in American Literature and Culture, 1890-1915.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14036.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Graydon, Benjamin Thomas. “Marketing Fictions: Product Branding in American Literature and Culture, 1890-1915.” 2008. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Graydon BT. Marketing Fictions: Product Branding in American Literature and Culture, 1890-1915. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2008. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14036.

Council of Science Editors:

Graydon BT. Marketing Fictions: Product Branding in American Literature and Culture, 1890-1915. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14036

University of Arizona

29. Gray, Richard Paul Hopkins, 1937-. Naturalism in prose fiction of the American west; its origin and significance .

Degree: 1962, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/318972

Subjects/Keywords: Naturalism in literature.; American fiction – History and criticism.; Western stories.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gray, Richard Paul Hopkins, 1. (1962). Naturalism in prose fiction of the American west; its origin and significance . (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/318972

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gray, Richard Paul Hopkins, 1937-. “Naturalism in prose fiction of the American west; its origin and significance .” 1962. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/318972.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gray, Richard Paul Hopkins, 1937-. “Naturalism in prose fiction of the American west; its origin and significance .” 1962. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Gray, Richard Paul Hopkins 1. Naturalism in prose fiction of the American west; its origin and significance . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 1962. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/318972.

Council of Science Editors:

Gray, Richard Paul Hopkins 1. Naturalism in prose fiction of the American west; its origin and significance . [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 1962. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/318972

University of Arizona

30. Fischler, Lee Lawrence. THE GROTESQUE IN EARLY AMERICAN NATURALISM .

Degree: 1979, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298547

Subjects/Keywords: Grotesque in literature.; Naturalism in literature.; American literature – History and criticism.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fischler, L. L. (1979). THE GROTESQUE IN EARLY AMERICAN NATURALISM . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298547

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fischler, Lee Lawrence. “THE GROTESQUE IN EARLY AMERICAN NATURALISM .” 1979. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed February 25, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298547.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fischler, Lee Lawrence. “THE GROTESQUE IN EARLY AMERICAN NATURALISM .” 1979. Web. 25 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Fischler LL. THE GROTESQUE IN EARLY AMERICAN NATURALISM . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1979. [cited 2021 Feb 25]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298547.

Council of Science Editors:

Fischler LL. THE GROTESQUE IN EARLY AMERICAN NATURALISM . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1979. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298547

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations