subject:(Agronomy)

University of Zambia

1. Reed, Edgar. The effect of pasteurization and sterilization of substrates on the yield of pleurotus cornucopiae and pleurotus sajor-caju in Zambia .

Degree: 2011, University of Zambia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/236

► A study was conducted to determine the effect of substrate pasteurization and sterilization on the yield of Pleurotus cornucopiae and Pleurotus sajor-caju, and on the… (more)

▼ A study was conducted to determine the effect of substrate pasteurization and sterilization on the yield of Pleurotus cornucopiae and Pleurotus sajor-caju, and on the suitability of sorghum, wheat and maize grains, and wooden sticks as mycelium carriers in spawn production. The Pleurotus species were inoculated on sterilized carriers and incubated at 25 °C for fourteen days. Results revealed that wheat and sorghum grains were suitable for spawn production while maize grains and wooden sticks permitted only partial colonization. Because of the easy availability and low price of sorghum,spawn multiplication was done on sorghum grains. The effect of different substrate materials and methods of substrate treatment on yield of Pleurotus species were studied by employing the split - split plot design. Spawn raised on sorghum grain was seeded on maize stalks, wheat straw and mixed wood shavings. Prior to seeding, each substrate type was treated by pasteurization in water heated to 65 °C and by sterilization in 2 an autoclave at 120 °C and 15 I b / i n pressure, both for one hour. The results on fruiting body production of Pleurotus species showed that there were interactions among the factors studied. There were no significant differences in the yield of the two Pleurotus species (p<0.05) on pasteurized wheat straw while there were differences in the yield between the two species on pasteurized maize stalks with P.cornucopiae yielding more than P.sajor-caju. P.sajor-caju performed significantly better (p<0.05) on pasteurized wheat straw than on pasteurized maize stalks while the yield P.cornucopiae on the two pasteurized substrate was not significantly different. However, the opposite was true on sterilized substrate, the yield of P.cornucopiae was higher on wheat straw while that of P.sajor-caju was not signifi cantly different. A comparison of mushroom yields on pasteurized and sterilized wheat straw and maize stalks showed significant differences. The mushroom yield was higher on pasteurized than sterilized substrate. However yields were generally very poor on the mixed wood shavings and the results were not significantly different.

Subjects/Keywords: Agronomy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reed, E. (2011). The effect of pasteurization and sterilization of substrates on the yield of pleurotus cornucopiae and pleurotus sajor-caju in Zambia . (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/236

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reed, Edgar. “The effect of pasteurization and sterilization of substrates on the yield of pleurotus cornucopiae and pleurotus sajor-caju in Zambia .” 2011. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/236.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reed, Edgar. “The effect of pasteurization and sterilization of substrates on the yield of pleurotus cornucopiae and pleurotus sajor-caju in Zambia .” 2011. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Reed E. The effect of pasteurization and sterilization of substrates on the yield of pleurotus cornucopiae and pleurotus sajor-caju in Zambia . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/236.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Reed E. The effect of pasteurization and sterilization of substrates on the yield of pleurotus cornucopiae and pleurotus sajor-caju in Zambia . [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/236

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zambia

2. Ndlangamandla, George Mqoshwa. The performance of maize (Zea Mays L.) under different fertilizer rates and soil types in two Agro-Ecological zones in Swaziland .

Degree: 2011, University of Zambia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/243

► A blanket fertilizer recommendation is used for each agro-ecological zone in Swaziland irrespective of soil type and maize genotype. The objective of the study was… (more)

▼ A blanket fertilizer recommendation is used for each agro-ecological zone in Swaziland irrespective of soil type and maize genotype. The objective of the study was to determine the response of grain yield and some yield components of maize cultivars to fertilizer rates applied to different soils in the Highveld and Middleveld agro-ecological zones of the country. Four sites with different soil types were selected. The soils differed in texture, cation exchange capacity, pH, organic matter content and in the content of N, P, K and Ca.A split-plot design was used with fertilizer rate as the main plot factor and maize cultivar as the subplot factor. Four fertilizer rates were used, i.e., 0, 200, 400 and 600 kg ha"1 of compound fertilizer 2:3:2 (22) and a top-dressing of 45 kg N ha"' with L.A.N.(28% N). The top-dressing was not applied to the 0 kg ha"1 rate. Five maize cultivars were used, i.e., R 201; RO 413 and SSM 2039; PAN 6479 and PHB 3427, chosen according to their maturity periods from early to late. The parameters measured were grain yield, canopy height, canopy width, harvest index and N, P and K concentrations in the leaves and grain. The harvest index (HI), plant canopy height and canopy width each differed (P <0.01) between the sites. The canopy heights for Dwalile, Hawane (Highveld), Mbelebeleni and Mdayane (Middleveld) were 129.6, 205.4, 159.1 and 178.7 cm, the canopy widths were 77.6, 116.0, 114.5 and 112.6 cm while the His were 54.4, 36.9, 42.4 and 47.0%, respectively for the sites. The maize cultivars also differed (P<0.01) in the HI, canopy width and height. The cultivars PHB 3427 and R 201 had higher and wider canopies across the sites. Each of the parameters differed significantly between the fertilizer rates and tended to increase as fertilizer rate increased. The cultivars PAN 6479, PHB 3427, R 201, RO 413 and SSM 2039 had canopy heights of 166.6, 191.9, 180.0, 145.7 and 156.9 cm, respectively. The canopy widths were 99.3, 110.2, 108.5, 103.9 and 103.9 cm while the His were 43.2, 47.9, 49.0, 43.7 and 42.0%, respectively. The [N], [ P] and [K] in the grain and leaf differed (P< 0.01) between sites, fertilizer rates and the maize cultivars. The grain [N] and leaf [N] were higher at Dwalile and Hawane but lower at Mbelebeleni. Grain [P] and leaf [P] were lower at Dwalile and Mbelebeleni, respectively whereas they were higher at Mbelebeleni and Dwalile respectively. Grain [K] was higher at Hawane but lower at Dwalile and Mbelebeleni whereas leaf [K] was higher at Mbelebeleni but lower at the other sites.The average grain yields of 2.36, 2.74, 3.34 and 3.23 mt ha"1 for Dwalile, Hawane, Mbelebeleni and Mdayane, respectively, were different (P< 0.01). This was a reflection of the differences in the respective sites with respect to soil type, residual fertility and climate. The yields differed between the fertilizer rates per site (P< 0.01)but increased with fertilizer rate. The average yields across the sites were 1.38, 2.46, 3.52 and 4.32 mt ha'1 for the 0, 200/150, 400/150 and 600/150 kg…

Subjects/Keywords: Agronomy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ndlangamandla, G. M. (2011). The performance of maize (Zea Mays L.) under different fertilizer rates and soil types in two Agro-Ecological zones in Swaziland . (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/243

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ndlangamandla, George Mqoshwa. “The performance of maize (Zea Mays L.) under different fertilizer rates and soil types in two Agro-Ecological zones in Swaziland .” 2011. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/243.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ndlangamandla, George Mqoshwa. “The performance of maize (Zea Mays L.) under different fertilizer rates and soil types in two Agro-Ecological zones in Swaziland .” 2011. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Ndlangamandla GM. The performance of maize (Zea Mays L.) under different fertilizer rates and soil types in two Agro-Ecological zones in Swaziland . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/243.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ndlangamandla GM. The performance of maize (Zea Mays L.) under different fertilizer rates and soil types in two Agro-Ecological zones in Swaziland . [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/243

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zambia

3. Mangombe, Nicholas. A comparative performance of single cross, three way cross hybrids and open pollinated sorghum (sorghum bicolor L. mcench) culitivars .

Degree: 2012, University of Zambia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1870

► The study was conducted to determine and characterize grain yield, grain yield stability, uniformity of three way cross(TWC), single cross (SC) hybrids and open pollinated… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Agronomy

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mangombe, N. (2012). A comparative performance of single cross, three way cross hybrids and open pollinated sorghum (sorghum bicolor L. mcench) culitivars . (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1870

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mangombe, Nicholas. “A comparative performance of single cross, three way cross hybrids and open pollinated sorghum (sorghum bicolor L. mcench) culitivars .” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1870.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mangombe, Nicholas. “A comparative performance of single cross, three way cross hybrids and open pollinated sorghum (sorghum bicolor L. mcench) culitivars .” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Mangombe N. A comparative performance of single cross, three way cross hybrids and open pollinated sorghum (sorghum bicolor L. mcench) culitivars . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1870.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mangombe N. A comparative performance of single cross, three way cross hybrids and open pollinated sorghum (sorghum bicolor L. mcench) culitivars . [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1870

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

4. Carlson, Michael. Air-Propelled Organic Fertilizer Grits Can Be Used to Control Weeds and Provide Nitrogen.

Degree: 2018, South Dakota State University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10809591

► Weeds are one of the biggest challenges for organic growers because of the alternative weed control methods. Air-propelled abrasive grit management has been reported… (more)

▼ Weeds are one of the biggest challenges for organic growers because of the alternative weed control methods. Air-propelled abrasive grit management has been reported to control weed seedlings in corn and soybeans while maintaining yield. This research examined the weed control, corn and soybean yields, nitrogen mineralization, and nitrogen yield responses from grits. The grits used in this research included: Phytaboost Plant Food 7-1-2 (soybean meal), Sustane 8-2-4 and 4-6-4 (turkey litters), and two non-fertilizer grits: Agra Grit (walnut shells) and corn cob meal. Field studies were conducted from 2015 to 2017 in Aurora, SD, Beresford, SD and Morris, MN. Nitrogen mineralization and total nitrogen release from selected grits in two different soils were evaluated in 100 d incubations. The response of corn, wheat, red russian kale and velvetleaf to Sustane 8-2-4, Agra Grit and corn cob meal amended soil was investigated. Agra Grit consistently reduced in-row broadleaf weed biomass in all four site years, whereas when grass weeds were dominant, in-row weed biomass was not reduced with two grit applications. When grit treatments reduced in-row weed density, corn yield increased with fertilizer grits higher than the weed-free check. In-row weed biomass in soybeans was similar among treatments, but when total weed biomass was reduced, the soybean yields were 31 to 55% greater in the grit treatments than weedy checks. Organic fertilizer grits increased soil available nitrogen with 50 to 70% of nitrogen mineralized. Non-fertilizer grits immobilized soil available nitrogen. Plant height and dry weight of wheat, red russian kale, and velvetleaf were greater when the soil was amended with Sustane 8-2-4 compared with Agra Grit, corn cob meal, and no-grit control, although fresh weights and relative greenness were similar among treatments. The use of organic fertilizer grits provide a source for nitrogen for all plants in the targeted area, whereas non-fertilizer grits may immobilize nitrogen. Corn and soybean yields can be increased when two applications of air-propelled grits reduce weed density, regardless the type. Grits may provide nitrogen for the crop but weed control is critical as additional nitrogen also may stimulate weed growth.

Subjects/Keywords: Agronomy

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Carlson, M. (2018). Air-Propelled Organic Fertilizer Grits Can Be Used to Control Weeds and Provide Nitrogen. (Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10809591

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Carlson, Michael. “Air-Propelled Organic Fertilizer Grits Can Be Used to Control Weeds and Provide Nitrogen.” 2018. Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10809591.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Carlson, Michael. “Air-Propelled Organic Fertilizer Grits Can Be Used to Control Weeds and Provide Nitrogen.” 2018. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Carlson M. Air-Propelled Organic Fertilizer Grits Can Be Used to Control Weeds and Provide Nitrogen. [Internet] [Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10809591.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Carlson M. Air-Propelled Organic Fertilizer Grits Can Be Used to Control Weeds and Provide Nitrogen. [Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2018. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10809591

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cornell University

5. Youngerman, Connor. TERMS OF SERVICE: ENHANCING ESTABLISHMENT AND GROWTH OF INTERSEEDED COVER CROPS.

Degree: M.S., Soil and Crop Sciences, Soil and Crop Sciences, 2017, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59063

► Winter cover crops provide a suite of benefits but their use is limited because there is often not enough time after harvesting crops in the… (more)

▼ Winter cover crops provide a suite of benefits but their use is limited because there is often not enough time after harvesting crops in the fall to establish cover crops before winter. Problems with establishment may be overcome by interseeding, where cover crops are seeded between rows of cash crops prior to harvest. Interseeded cover crops can provide greater ecosystem services than cover crops established after harvest, including erosion control and weed suppression. In addition to these services, interseeded cover crops might also provide habitat for invertebrate seed predators such as carabid beetles and crickets, which feed on weed seeds. We established a field experiment to investigate how cash crop planting density affects interseeded cover crop performance during the transition to certified organic production. We measured corn density, light transmission through the corn canopy, cover crop and weed biomass, and corn grain yield. We analyzed the relationship between these factors with regression, mixed models, path analysis, and partial correlation. The effect of corn density on interseeded cover crop biomass was significant when quantified both directly and indirectly as mediated by light transmission and weed biomass. At the October sample date, weed biomass was 31% lower in plots with interseeded cover crops than plots without, and corn grain yield was not different between plots with interseeded cover crops and plots without. We also conducted a laboratory experiment to explore the potential for cover crop seeds to be eaten by weed seed predators. Using four common invertebrate weed seed predators and a series of No Choice and Choice feeding assays, we presented seeds of ten cover crop species and three weed species to individual carabid beetles and crickets. We analyzed No Choice preference with logistic regression and Choice with Vanderploeg and Scavia’s electivity index and mixed models. We found that all four invertebrate seed predators consumed cover crop seeds and that preference varied by plant species and insect species. Overall results show that cover crop interseeding can be used to overcome one of the primary barriers to cover crop adoption and provide ecosystem services, but that cover crop seeds are susceptible to seed predation and thus cover crop species selection and seeding method are important to consider. Advisors/Committee Members: Ryan, Matthew R. (chair), Ditommaso, Antonio (committee member), Losey, John E. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Agronomy

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Youngerman, C. (2017). TERMS OF SERVICE: ENHANCING ESTABLISHMENT AND GROWTH OF INTERSEEDED COVER CROPS. (Masters Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59063

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Youngerman, Connor. “TERMS OF SERVICE: ENHANCING ESTABLISHMENT AND GROWTH OF INTERSEEDED COVER CROPS.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59063.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Youngerman, Connor. “TERMS OF SERVICE: ENHANCING ESTABLISHMENT AND GROWTH OF INTERSEEDED COVER CROPS.” 2017. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Youngerman C. TERMS OF SERVICE: ENHANCING ESTABLISHMENT AND GROWTH OF INTERSEEDED COVER CROPS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Cornell University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59063.

Council of Science Editors:

Youngerman C. TERMS OF SERVICE: ENHANCING ESTABLISHMENT AND GROWTH OF INTERSEEDED COVER CROPS. [Masters Thesis]. Cornell University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59063

Stellenbosch University

6. Du Randt, Marius Louis. The influence of nutrient solutions on growth, seed production and seed quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck).

Degree: Agronomy, 2011, Stellenbosch University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6642

►

Thesis (MScAgric (Agronomy)) – University of Stellenbosch, 2011.

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Little is known about the nutrient requirements of broccoli grown for seed production. During 2006 and… (more)

▼

Thesis (MScAgric (Agronomy)) – University of Stellenbosch, 2011.

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Little is known about the nutrient requirements of broccoli grown for seed production. During 2006 and 2007 broccoli were grown for seed production in sand bags in a net structure, using a drain to waste hydroponic system. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with seven treatments replicated in four blocks. In 2006 seven nutrient solution treatments were tested. The Standard solution based on Steiner’s universal solution was compared with different levels of N, S, K and Ca with regard to the effect on total biomass, nutrient concentration, nutrient assimilation, seed yield and quality. No significant differences in total biomass produced were found. Total dry mass increased by 225% from the mature head stage until harvest of seed. Nutrient concentration in plant samples were not influenced by treatments except where low levels of K and S in nutrient solutions led to significantly lower levels of K and S concentrations. The total assimilation of elements were calculated to determine the effect of the much longer growth period needed for seed production in comparison to normal head production on nutrient requirements. Major elements assimilated ha-1 was: N 173.0 kg, P 35.5 kg, K 348.4 kg, Ca 114.7 kg, Mg 30.5 kg, S 42.2 kg. The seven treatments used during 2007 included three of the treatments which were used in 2006 as well as treatments with foliar sprays containing Ammonium Nitrate and Calcium Metalosate. The standard solution treatment was also used in 2007 to compare results with 2006. Plant analysis done on plants from the standard solution (2006 & 2007) showed similar trends. As the plants developed towards maturity there was a relative increase in concentration in the top plant parts (pods, flowers and stems) for Ca, Mg and S. Contrary, N and P concentration declined. The minor elements, Fe, Mn and B also increased in concentration in the top plant parts at harvest indicating a strong relative flow of these elements to the top plant parts towards maturation. Concentration values of major elements in plant samples were generally different when the two years were compared. Element concentrations in the seed pods were in general higher than in the rest of the plant indicating the pods as a strong sink on the plants. During both years the two best nutrient solutions for yield were the same, namely the Standard solution and Standard - K which contain low levels of K. During 2006 no significant differences in seed quality were found. During 2007 no significant differences were found for seed quality measurements, except for size (of the cotyledons). The results indicate that no special adjustments need to be made to the Standard solution in order to produce good broccoli seed yield of good quality. As substantial differences in nutrient solution composition did not significantly affect the quality of broccoli seed produced. Seed yield was however significantly affected by…

Advisors/Committee Members: Langenhoven, P., Agenbag, G. A., University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Agronomy..

Subjects/Keywords: Agronomy

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Du Randt, M. L. (2011). The influence of nutrient solutions on growth, seed production and seed quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck). (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6642

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Du Randt, Marius Louis. “The influence of nutrient solutions on growth, seed production and seed quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck).” 2011. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6642.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Du Randt, Marius Louis. “The influence of nutrient solutions on growth, seed production and seed quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck).” 2011. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Du Randt ML. The influence of nutrient solutions on growth, seed production and seed quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck). [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6642.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Du Randt ML. The influence of nutrient solutions on growth, seed production and seed quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck). [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6642

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

7. Njamba, Fredrick N. Evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes for forage quality.

Degree: 2012, University of Zimbabwe

URL: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/1871

► A field experiment was carried out during the 1994/95 growing season at the Zambia Seed Company (ZAMSEED) farm (located at longitude 28" 18' E and… (more)

▼ A field experiment was carried out during the 1994/95 growing season at the Zambia Seed Company (ZAMSEED) farm (located at longitude 28" 18' E and latitude 15" 19' S) to evaluate 12 selected sorghum genotypes for forage/silage yield and quality; and to determine the effect of growth stages at harvest on the yield and quality of the forage/silage. The sorghum genotypes studied were: forage sorghums (FSH-6, FSH-7, FSH-20, FSH-22, FSH-30 and FSH-57) and grain (dual purpose) sorghums (MMSH-1040, MMSH-1252, MMSH-1270, MMSH-1272, MMSH-1276 and Sima), while the growth stages were vegetative, reproductive and grain filling. A split-plot design, with 4 replications, in small plots (measuring 5m x 3m), was used, with the growth stage at harvest as main plots and sorghum genotypes as sub-plots. Traits measured included plant height (HT), leaf to stem (L:S) ratio, green forage yield (GFY), dry matter content {DM%), dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein content (CP%), crude protein yield (CRY), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and hydrocyanic acid (HCN). The growth stages had a significant effect on all the parameters such that DM content, DM yield, ADF and ADL increased where as CP content, L:S ratio and HCN content declined with maturity. There were great variations among genotypes with respect to the traits measured except CP content of forage. It was generally observed that grain (dual) sorghums were, on average, superior to forage sorghum hybrids in most of the yield and quality characteristics studied. Interactions between sorghum genotypes and growth stage existed for most traits. Consequently, for use of sorghum as silage, most of the genotypes studied could be harvested at the grain filling (soft dough) stage to achieve high yields without adversely affecting the quality of the silage. For use as forage, however, most of the grain sorghums are better harvested at the soft dough stage, where as most of the forage sorghums should be harvested at mid flowering in order to achieve high yields while maintaining a relatively high quality. Although no single genotype was meritorious for all the parameters studied, MMSH-1276, MMSH-1040, MMSH-1252, Sima, FSH-6, FSH-20, MMSH-1270 and MMSH-1272 were found to be most promising for a good number of traits.

Subjects/Keywords: Agronomy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Njamba, F. N. (2012). Evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes for forage quality. (Thesis). University of Zimbabwe. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/1871

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Njamba, Fredrick N. “Evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes for forage quality.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zimbabwe. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/1871.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Njamba, Fredrick N. “Evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes for forage quality.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Njamba FN. Evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes for forage quality. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/1871.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Njamba FN. Evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes for forage quality. [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2012. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/1871

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

8. Karim, Ana Lee. An agronomic evaluation of serradella(Ornithopus compressus L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), and mat bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) on two soils in east central Texas.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-K37

► The performance of four forage legumes was assessed during the 1993 summer season on two soil types (Boonville fine sandy loam, pH 7.3 and Weswood… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Karim, A. L. (2012). An agronomic evaluation of serradella(Ornithopus compressus L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), and mat bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) on two soils in east central Texas. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-K37

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Karim, Ana Lee. “An agronomic evaluation of serradella(Ornithopus compressus L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), and mat bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) on two soils in east central Texas.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-K37.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Karim, Ana Lee. “An agronomic evaluation of serradella(Ornithopus compressus L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), and mat bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) on two soils in east central Texas.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Karim AL. An agronomic evaluation of serradella(Ornithopus compressus L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), and mat bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) on two soils in east central Texas. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-K37.

Council of Science Editors:

Karim AL. An agronomic evaluation of serradella(Ornithopus compressus L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), and mat bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) on two soils in east central Texas. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-K37

Texas A&M University

9. Naivar, Kevin Scott. Fiber quality parameters and within-boll yield components of Gossypium arboreum L. putative mutant lines.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-N354

► This study was initiated to develop a fiberless mutant of Gossypium arboreum L. in order to identify genes that code for cellulose fiber production in… (more)

▼ This study was initiated to develop a fiberless mutant of Gossypium arboreum L. in order to identify genes that code for cellulose fiber production in cotton. The biosynthetic pathways to fiber cellulose production are still not known despite many attempts to find the precursors and enzymes involved. If these pathways were identified then they could provide useful tools for manipulating the amount and quality of cotton fibers. Gossypium arboreum, n=13, 2n=26, is a diploid Gossypium species that produces spinnable fibers and is grown commercially in parts of India today. Understanding the complex biochemical pathways of fiber production in this diploid cultivar should be directly applicable to understanding fiber production in the cultivars grown in the U.S., G. hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L., x=13, n=26, 2n=52. Gossypium arboreum seed (MO) were chemically treated with diepoxybutane (DEB) and planted as the MI generation in the field at the Texas A&M University Research Farm, College Station, Texas in 1994. Three DEB treatments were used; 5.0 mM, 7.4 MM, and 10.0 mM. Flowers were forced to self pollinate on the MI plants and the resulting bolls were hand harvested from individual plants. Seed (M2) from each plant were maintained as independent lines and planted into progeny rows in 1995. Boll samples harvested from each M2 progeny row were ginned and the seeds were acid delinted. Data collected included weight of seed cotton/M2 row, seed cotton weight/row, lint weight/row, and the weight of 100 fuzzy seed (seed index). Fiber samples of each M2 row were forwarded to the International Center for Textile Research and Development in Lubbock, Texas for high volume instrument (HVI) fiber analysis. Fiber quality parameters included: upper half mean fiber length (UBM), fiber bundle strength, micronaire, and uniformity index. Lint yield components, using the ontogenetic yield model proposed by Worley et al. included: lint percentage (LP), seeds per boll (S/BOLL), seed cotton per seed (SC/S), lint per seed (L/S), and fibers per seed (F/S). Although a completely fiberless M2 plant, which was our original goal, was not found among the 1995 progeny, M2 progeny were evaluated for variation in fiber quality and within-boll yield components. M2 lines within each treatment were classed as a putative mutant if it's individual value for any component was less than or greater than 3 standard deviation units from the mean value of the population being considered. Given this criteria, 26 putative mutant lines were identified and additional evaluations will be necessary to determine if these are true mutants or simply represent individuals from less than or equal to 1% of the population of G. arboreum.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Naivar, K. S. (2012). Fiber quality parameters and within-boll yield components of Gossypium arboreum L. putative mutant lines. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-N354

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Naivar, Kevin Scott. “Fiber quality parameters and within-boll yield components of Gossypium arboreum L. putative mutant lines.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-N354.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Naivar, Kevin Scott. “Fiber quality parameters and within-boll yield components of Gossypium arboreum L. putative mutant lines.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Naivar KS. Fiber quality parameters and within-boll yield components of Gossypium arboreum L. putative mutant lines. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-N354.

Council of Science Editors:

Naivar KS. Fiber quality parameters and within-boll yield components of Gossypium arboreum L. putative mutant lines. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-N354

Texas A&M University

10. Roel Dellazoppa, Alvaro. Water balance of Pin-Point and Flush-Flood irrigated rice.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-R64

► Appearance of red rice (Oryza Sativa) as the main weed problem in rice production has forced producers and researchers to develop new irrigation techniques to… (more)

▼ Appearance of red rice (Oryza Sativa) as the main weed problem in rice production has forced producers and researchers to develop new irrigation techniques to control the weed. The Pin-Point irrigation method is one of these techniques, but little is know about the water balance and water use efficiency of the Pin-Point method in comparison to the conventional Flush-Flood technique. The water balance of Pin-Point and Flush-Flood were studied during the 1994 and 1995 growing seasons in Bewmont, TX. Three plots were subjected to the PinPoint irrigation technique and three to the Flush-Flood method. Nine non-weighing lysimeters per plot were installed to measure infiltration, transpiration and evapotranspiration. Three pots containing soil and three pots containing soil and plants were also installed in each conventional irrigation plot and weighed periodically to measure evapotranspiration during the drain period. Stomatal resistance was measured every two to three hours during daytime using a steady state porometer. Canopy temperature, soil surface temperature and water temperature were measured with an infrared thermometer. A net radiometer was installed in each plot to measure net radiation. The Pin-Point method used less water than the Flush-Flood method. There were no significant yield differences between the two methods. The Pin-Point method produced earlier maturity of the crop and suppressed weed development. No herbicide was necessary in the Pin-Point plots. During the period when the Flush-Flood plots were drained, the net radiation was slightly lower than in the Pin-Point plots, and the stomatal resistance was always higher. Also the canopy temperature was higher in the Flush-Flood plots compared to the Pin-Point Plots during the drained period. These results suggest that the Pin-Point method can be useful not only to suppress red rice, but also to save water. Also the earlier maturity of the crop under the Pin-Point irrigation regimen increases the probability of a good harvest in the ratoon crop.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Roel Dellazoppa, A. (2012). Water balance of Pin-Point and Flush-Flood irrigated rice. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-R64

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Roel Dellazoppa, Alvaro. “Water balance of Pin-Point and Flush-Flood irrigated rice.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-R64.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Roel Dellazoppa, Alvaro. “Water balance of Pin-Point and Flush-Flood irrigated rice.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Roel Dellazoppa A. Water balance of Pin-Point and Flush-Flood irrigated rice. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-R64.

Council of Science Editors:

Roel Dellazoppa A. Water balance of Pin-Point and Flush-Flood irrigated rice. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-R64

Texas A&M University

11. Jordan, John Ellis. Creeping bentgrass performance, water relations, and soil gas response to three irrigation frequencies in a hot-humid climate.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1998-THESIS-J67

► Golf course superintendents in the southern United States need all the help they can get when managing bentgrass on sand-based profiles during stressful summer months.… (more)

▼ Golf course superintendents in the southern United States need all the help they can get when managing bentgrass on sand-based profiles during stressful summer months. Help in the form of increased shoot and root density, minimal disease and algae occurrence, and proper irrigation frequencies and amounts are necessary. All of these factors contribute to the turf manager's ability to maintain acceptable levels of ted-quality and placability. Five creeping bentgrass cultivate were established on a USGA specification golf green in College Station, Texas. Three irrigation frequencies (1-day, 2-day, 4-day) were used to examine the effects of irrigation frequency on bentgrass performance and water relations. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of irrigation frequency on shoot and root density, terror potential, soil 0₂ and CO₂, algae occurrence and turf quality of five creeping bentgrass cultivars. The 4-day irrigation treatment demonstrated greater shoot density, root length density, and root mass than did the 1-day and 2-day treatments in August of 1997 and 1998. There was no difference in turf quality among irrigation frequencies in 1998, however, due to increased algae formation in 1997, the 4-day treatment mainlined greater turf-quality in August of 1997. Crenshaw and L-93 were top performing cultisms regardless of irrigation frequency. A-4 and Marnier were intermediate with Penncross demonstrating the lowest performance in all categories. Soil 0₂ concentrations declined and CO₂ concentrations increased dramatically upon irrigation of the 4-day treatment. Fluctuation of O₂ and CO₂ concentrations resulted from root respiration response to greater irrigation amounts. Further examination of the effects of irrigation frequency on soil 0₂ and CO₂ concentrations in sand-based root zones could help golf course superintendents maintain soil profile gas balances more effectively. Photosynthate partitioning and soil 0₂ and CO₂ effects on bentgrass shoot and root response could also provide information to help turf managers maintain deeper, denser, and more prolific root systems.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jordan, J. E. (2012). Creeping bentgrass performance, water relations, and soil gas response to three irrigation frequencies in a hot-humid climate. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1998-THESIS-J67

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jordan, John Ellis. “Creeping bentgrass performance, water relations, and soil gas response to three irrigation frequencies in a hot-humid climate.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1998-THESIS-J67.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jordan, John Ellis. “Creeping bentgrass performance, water relations, and soil gas response to three irrigation frequencies in a hot-humid climate.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Jordan JE. Creeping bentgrass performance, water relations, and soil gas response to three irrigation frequencies in a hot-humid climate. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1998-THESIS-J67.

Council of Science Editors:

Jordan JE. Creeping bentgrass performance, water relations, and soil gas response to three irrigation frequencies in a hot-humid climate. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1998-THESIS-J67

Texas A&M University

12. Griffith, Eric Neal. Export of manure sources of phosphorus and nitrogen through turfgrass sod.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-G754

► In search of manure disposal methods that decrease environmental impacts and benefit dairy producers, this study examines the possibilities of using turfgrass as a potential… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Griffith, E. N. (2012). Export of manure sources of phosphorus and nitrogen through turfgrass sod. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-G754

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Griffith, Eric Neal. “Export of manure sources of phosphorus and nitrogen through turfgrass sod.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-G754.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Griffith, Eric Neal. “Export of manure sources of phosphorus and nitrogen through turfgrass sod.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Griffith EN. Export of manure sources of phosphorus and nitrogen through turfgrass sod. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-G754.

Council of Science Editors:

Griffith EN. Export of manure sources of phosphorus and nitrogen through turfgrass sod. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-G754

Texas A&M University

13. Brooks, John Robert. Tolerance of 'Tifton 85', 'Jiggs', and 'Coastal' bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) to postemergence herbicides.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-B76

► Field studies conducted in the summer of 1995 and greenhouse studies in the fall of 1995 and the spring of 1996 evaluated the response of… (more)

▼ Field studies conducted in the summer of 1995 and greenhouse studies in the fall of 1995 and the spring of 1996 evaluated the response of 'Coastal', 'Jiggs', and 'Tifton 85' bermudagrass varieties to applications of postemergence herbicides. Treatments evaluated included picloram + 2,4-D at 0.35 and 0.71 kg ha-', dicamba + 2,4-D at 0.54 and 1.08 kg ha-', 2,4-D at 0.53 and 1.06 kg ha-', metsulfuron at 0.004 and 0.008 kg ha-1', triasulfuron at 0.01 5 and 0.03 kg ha-, picloram at 0. 14 kg ha-', dicamba at 0.56 kg ha-', and glyphosate applied at 0.56 kg ha-1'. Crop phytotoxicity in the field was measured by recording visual injury, plant length/density, and forage production. Phytotoxicity was evaluated on greenhouse grown plants by comparing dry matter forage weights. In the 'Coastal' variety moderate injury was observed from applications of glyphosate in the fall greenhouse study. Metsulfuron exhibited deleterious effects in the 1996 greenhouse studies. Positive effects were observed following the application of picloram + 2,4-D, 2,4-D, and dicamba in the field. Similar results were noted from 2,4-D, metsulfuron, triasulfuron, and dicamba treatments in the 1995 greenhouse study, and by 2,4-D in 1996 greenhouse studies. Comparable results were observed from glyphosate application in the 'Jiggs' variety. In the 1995 greenhouse study, deleterious effects were observed from applications of picloram + 2,4-D, dicamba + 2,4-D, metsulfuron, picloram, dicamba, and glyphosate. In the 1996 greenhouse study, only picloram and metsulfuron treatments exhibited injury to the 'Jiggs' variety. Glyphosate, when applied to the 'Tifton' variety caused significant injury at all application timings in the field and greenhouse. Triasulfuron at 0.03 kg ha-' also exhibited injury to the 'Tifton 85'variety in the field. Applications of picloram + 2,4-D and dicamba both increased forage production when compared to an untreated check. In the fall greenhouse study, picloram + 2,4-D, picloram, and glyphosate, caused injury to 'Tifton' while the dicamba application increased forage production. In the 1996 greenhouse study, picloram + 2,4-D, metsulfuron, triasulfuron, picloram, dicamba and glyphosate all decreased forage production compared to the untreated areas.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brooks, J. R. (2012). Tolerance of 'Tifton 85', 'Jiggs', and 'Coastal' bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) to postemergence herbicides. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-B76

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brooks, John Robert. “Tolerance of 'Tifton 85', 'Jiggs', and 'Coastal' bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) to postemergence herbicides.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-B76.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brooks, John Robert. “Tolerance of 'Tifton 85', 'Jiggs', and 'Coastal' bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) to postemergence herbicides.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Brooks JR. Tolerance of 'Tifton 85', 'Jiggs', and 'Coastal' bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) to postemergence herbicides. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-B76.

Council of Science Editors:

Brooks JR. Tolerance of 'Tifton 85', 'Jiggs', and 'Coastal' bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) to postemergence herbicides. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-B76

Texas A&M University

14. Steele, Gregory Lee. Red rice (Oryza sativa L.) control in herbicide tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-S74

► Red rice has interfered with production of commercial rice in the United States for over 150 years. Because of the genetic and physiological similarities between… (more)

▼ Red rice has interfered with production of commercial rice in the United States for over 150 years. Because of the genetic and physiological similarities between red rice and commercial rice, herbicides have been unsuccessful in adequately controlling this weed. More recently, advances in plant breeding and genetic engineering have led to commercial rice tolerant of several herbicides that control red rice. Two recent advances include glufosinate and imazethapyr tolerant rice. This technology may provide a means of chemically controlling red rice in commercial rice fields. Field experiments were conducted in 1998 and 1999 at several locations in the Texas rice belt. Glufosinate studies were located at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station (TAES) Research and Extension Center near Beaumont, and at the Coastal Ag Research Farm, near East Bernard, TX. Experiments involving imazethapyr tolerant rice were conducted near Beaumont and at the TAES site near Eagle Lake, TX. At the Beaumont location, red rice control was adequate with imazethapyr rates of 0.011 kg/ha and higher, applied preplant incorporated or postemergence. However, postemergence treatments resulted in crop stunting and chlorosis as high as 29% at 21 days after treatment. Preplant incorporated and preemergence applications of imazethapyr at all rates followed by 0.04 to 0.07 kg/ha postemergence resulted in excellent red rice control with minimal crop injury. Near Beaumont in 1998, single applications of glufosinate at 0.29, 0.45, or 0.60 kg/ha provided similar levels of red rice control, whether applied at the 1 to 2-leaf stage, or the 4-leaf, 2-tiller stage. However, the following year early postemergence applications were more efficacious than single late postemergence treatments. When applied sequentially at each timing, rates of glufosinate above 0.29 kg/ha controlled red rice better than most single applications. Each herbicide tolerant system is an effective tool for chemically controlling red rice. Proper rate and application timing is essential for effective and efficient weed control. With imazethapyr, a postemergence application, following a soil-applied treatment, is necessary to provide season-long red rice control. Sequential applications of glufosinate, made at the 1 to 2-leaf stage and 4-leaf, 2-tiller stage are also needed for acceptable control of red rice.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Steele, G. L. (2012). Red rice (Oryza sativa L.) control in herbicide tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.). (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-S74

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Steele, Gregory Lee. “Red rice (Oryza sativa L.) control in herbicide tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.).” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-S74.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Steele, Gregory Lee. “Red rice (Oryza sativa L.) control in herbicide tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.).” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Steele GL. Red rice (Oryza sativa L.) control in herbicide tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-S74.

Council of Science Editors:

Steele GL. Red rice (Oryza sativa L.) control in herbicide tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.). [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-S74

Texas A&M University

15. Steglich, Evelyn Marie. Row spacing effects on the canopy light extinction coefficient of upland cotton.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-S75

► Field experiments were conducted in 1998 and 1999 at the Stiles Farm, Thrall, Texas and the Blackland Research Center, Temple, Texas, respectively, to characterize the… (more)

▼ Field experiments were conducted in 1998 and 1999 at the Stiles Farm, Thrall, Texas and the Blackland Research Center, Temple, Texas, respectively, to characterize the influence of row spacing, plant density and time of day on the extinction coefficient (k) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Treatments consisted of four row spacings (0.19-m, 0.38-m, 0.76-m, and 1.00-m) and four plant densities [148, 222, 296, 445 (1998) and 371 (1999) thousand plants ha-1] with each treatment replicated three times. Experimental design was a split-plot randomized complete block design. Main plots were row spacings, and subplots were plant densities. Light interception measurements were taken on square meter areas approximately two weeks apart beginning at pinhead square at 0900h, 1030h and 1230h. Above-canopy-incoming, above-canopy-reflected and below-canopy-transmitted photosynthetically active radiation were measured on each date and time. Leaf area index, plant height and main stem node number (1999) were also recorded for each area measured. Plant density had no influence on leaf area indices, plant height, main stem node number, or k during both years. Time of day showed to significantly influence the extinction coefficient. Light extinction coefficient values were lowest at solar noon, suggesting that daily light interception based solely on solar noon values may underestimate the total daily light interception of a canopy. Results from 1998 indicated that the ultra-narrow row spacings (0.19-m) had greater leaf area indices throughout the season. In 1999 the ultra-narrow row spacings (0.19-m) accumulated LAI faster than the wide rows (>0.76-m), but as the season progressed the wide rows surpassed the narrow rows due to interplant competition in the narrow rows. Row spacing had no effect on the number of main stem nodes per plant. Row spacing had a significant influence on k during both years. In 1998 the extinction coefficient increased slightly as the row spacing increased, contradictory to previously published material. However, in 1999, similar to other estimations of k for cotton, the extinction coefficient increased as row spacing decreased.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Steglich, E. M. (2012). Row spacing effects on the canopy light extinction coefficient of upland cotton. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-S75

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Steglich, Evelyn Marie. “Row spacing effects on the canopy light extinction coefficient of upland cotton.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-S75.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Steglich, Evelyn Marie. “Row spacing effects on the canopy light extinction coefficient of upland cotton.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Steglich EM. Row spacing effects on the canopy light extinction coefficient of upland cotton. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-S75.

Council of Science Editors:

Steglich EM. Row spacing effects on the canopy light extinction coefficient of upland cotton. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2000-THESIS-S75

Texas A&M University

16. Nuti, Russell Carlo. Growth and yield comparisons of Pix® Plus and additional Bacillus cereus treated cotton.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-N84

► Pix® Plus, a plant growth regulator (PGR) applied to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), is a combination of mepiquat chloride (MC) and Bacillus cereus (BC). Mepiquat… (more)

▼ Pix® Plus, a plant growth regulator (PGR) applied to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), is a combination of mepiquat chloride (MC) and Bacillus cereus (BC). Mepiquat chloride is a gibberellic acid (GA) synthesis inhibitor, which is a natural plant hormone that promotes shoot cell elongation. Therefore, MC is commonly applied to control vegetative growth. Although MC has been reported to increase yields, responses have been erratic. Reduced vegetative growth may allow photoassimilates to be reallocated to plant reproductive structures, increasing yield potential. Reduced shoot growth results in decreased plant height, which can potentially reduce total sympodial node production resulting in fewer total fruiting sites. The bacterium, BC, in a symbiotic relationship with cotton, purportedly enhances plant growth. Thus, the combination of MC and BC allows for the control of excessive vegetative growth while potentially shifting allocation of photoassimilate and promoting reproductive growth. Foliar BC rates, application timing, and the most effective MC to BC combinations for use in cotton have not been fully explored. Field experiments were conducted in 1999 and 2000 at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station in Burleson County, Texas to assess the benefits of additional BC applications to Pix® Plus treated cotton. Experimental design was a six treatment Latin square with five experimental treatments and an untreated check (UTC). All five treatments received 0.58 L ha⁻¹ Pix® Plus at match-head square (MHS) and early bloom (EB) as the area standard treatment (AS), while three treatments received an additional 70.1 g ha⁻¹ application of BC at pin-head square (PHS), EB, or three weeks after EB (EB+3). The remaining treatment received 70.1 g ha⁻¹ BC at all three timings (BCX3). Mid-season monitoring measurements supported typical MC results. Fruit counts at EB were higher in the PHS treatment than all others. Plant height at harvest was reduced in all Pix® Plus treatments, while nodes at harvest were unaffected, resulting in a reduced height to node ratio (HNR). Box mapping at maturity revealed no differences among boll weights or boll distribution. In 1999, there were no differences in yield although additional BC applications in 2000 showed some differences in seedcotton and lint yield.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nuti, R. C. (2012). Growth and yield comparisons of Pix® Plus and additional Bacillus cereus treated cotton. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-N84

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nuti, Russell Carlo. “Growth and yield comparisons of Pix® Plus and additional Bacillus cereus treated cotton.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-N84.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nuti, Russell Carlo. “Growth and yield comparisons of Pix® Plus and additional Bacillus cereus treated cotton.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Nuti RC. Growth and yield comparisons of Pix® Plus and additional Bacillus cereus treated cotton. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-N84.

Council of Science Editors:

Nuti RC. Growth and yield comparisons of Pix® Plus and additional Bacillus cereus treated cotton. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-N84

Texas A&M University

17. Ramirez de Leon, Hector. Influence of temperature and photoperiod on flowering and seed set in buffelgrass.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-R3635

► Lack of winter hardiness has limited the distribution and use of buffelgrass Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link. Efforts to improve winter hardiness have focused on the… (more)

▼ Lack of winter hardiness has limited the distribution and use of buffelgrass Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link. Efforts to improve winter hardiness have focused on the development of genotypes with rhizomes. The deep placement of rhizomes provides a means of avoiding low temperatures. Rhizomatous cultivars, such as 'Llano' and 'Nueces', are excellent forage types; however, they tend to flower erratically and produce only a limited amount of seed. This drastically reduces the use of these rhizomatous cultivars. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature and photoperiod on flowering and seed set in buffelgrass. Two different studies were conducted at College Station, TX. The first was a field study in which six genotypes of buffelgrass, three rhizomatous types ('Blue', T-1754, and PI 409164) and three non-rhizomatous types ('Common', 'Formidable', and 'Frio') were planted in a randomized complete block design. A second study was conducted in a growth chamber using the same six genotypes. All genotypes were grown at a constant temperature of 30 C̊ and at three different photoperiods (8, 12, and 16 hr). The parameters measured in both studies were number of days to flowering, number of flowering tillers, seed set, leaf number at flowering, and growing degree days (GDD). Although all six genotypes achieved 100% flowering, the rhizomatous genotypes required more days to achieve flowering and produced more leaves at flowering. The non-rhizomatous genotypes had better seed set than the rhizomatous genotypes. The non-rhizomatous genotypes produced more seed per spikelet than the rhizomatous genotypes. The non-rhizomatous genotype Formidable had more seed per spikelet due to higher fertility. There were differences in flowering in the growth chamber study across all daylengths. Flowering ocurred only at the 12 hr daylength. In conclusion, the non-rhizomatous genotypes had higher seed set, but the rhizomatous genotypes had an acceptable seed set, contrary to past observations. The non-rhizomatous genotype Formidable had the highest fertility, which indicates it could be used as a parent in future breeding programs.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ramirez de Leon, H. (2012). Influence of temperature and photoperiod on flowering and seed set in buffelgrass. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-R3635

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ramirez de Leon, Hector. “Influence of temperature and photoperiod on flowering and seed set in buffelgrass.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-R3635.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ramirez de Leon, Hector. “Influence of temperature and photoperiod on flowering and seed set in buffelgrass.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Ramirez de Leon H. Influence of temperature and photoperiod on flowering and seed set in buffelgrass. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-R3635.

Council of Science Editors:

Ramirez de Leon H. Influence of temperature and photoperiod on flowering and seed set in buffelgrass. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-R3635

Texas A&M University

18. Rider, Larry Ray. Relationships between potassium, chloride, and disease incidence in St. Augustinegrass and bermudagrass.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-R53

► Potassium and chloride both suppressed Rhizoctonia blight in St. Augustinegrass and the two combined together as KCl was superior to K or Cl applied separately.… (more)

▼ Potassium and chloride both suppressed Rhizoctonia blight in St. Augustinegrass and the two combined together as KCl was superior to K or Cl applied separately. Potassium applied as K₂SO₄ showed little disease suppression. Increasing rates of KCl on a Tifgreen bermudagrass green showed a strong correlation (r² = 0.9700) of reduction of dollar spot. K applied as K₂SO₄ and Cl applied as CaCl₂ had little effect. Glasshouse results showed increasing K applied as K₂SO₄ from 0 to 97.6 kg ha⁻¹ and Cl applied as CaCl₂ from 0 to 97.6 kg ha⁻¹ reduced dollar spot infection by 26% 1 week after inoculation. Bipolaris cynodontis infection on common bermudagrass in the field was reduced by 26% as Cl applied as CaCl₂ increased from 0 to 48.8 kg ha⁻¹ and K applied as K₂SO₄ increased from 0 to 48.8 kg ha⁻¹. Glasshouse studies showed increasing Cl applied as CaCl₂ reduced Bipolaris cynodontis on Tifgreen bermudagrass by 20% 1 week after inoculation and 30% 2 weeks after inoculation as rates of Cl increased from 0 to 97.6 kg ha⁻¹. Dollar spot infection of glasshouse-grown Tifgreen bermudagrass was reduced by 26% and 33% one and two weeks after infection as Cl applied a CaCl₂ increased from 0 to 97.6 kg ha⁻¹. Increasing K applied as K₂SO₄ reduced dollar spot by 26% and 21% one and two weeks after infection as rates of K increased from 24.4 to 97.6 kg ha⁻¹. Leaf tissue concentration of N was not affected by increasing rates of Cl applied as CaCl₂ or K applied as K₂SO₄ increased from 0 to 97.6 kg ha⁻¹. Leaf tissue K was not affected by Cl applied as CaCl₂ as rates went from 0 to 97.6 kg ha⁻¹ and increasing K above 48.8 kg ha⁻¹ did not increase leaf tissue K. Leaf tissue Cl decreased as K applied as K₂SO₄ increased from 24.4 to 97.6 kg ha⁻¹. Leaf tissue N from 20 to 24 g kg⁻¹, K from 13 to 16 g kg⁻¹, and Cl from 4.5 to 6 g kg⁻¹ had no effect on the infection by Bipolaris cynodontis on field-grown common bermudagrass.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rider, L. R. (2012). Relationships between potassium, chloride, and disease incidence in St. Augustinegrass and bermudagrass. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-R53

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rider, Larry Ray. “Relationships between potassium, chloride, and disease incidence in St. Augustinegrass and bermudagrass.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-R53.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rider, Larry Ray. “Relationships between potassium, chloride, and disease incidence in St. Augustinegrass and bermudagrass.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Rider LR. Relationships between potassium, chloride, and disease incidence in St. Augustinegrass and bermudagrass. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-R53.

Council of Science Editors:

Rider LR. Relationships between potassium, chloride, and disease incidence in St. Augustinegrass and bermudagrass. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-R53

Texas A&M University

19. Viator, Ryan Patrick. Influence of glyphosate on growth and yield of glyphosate-tolerant cotton.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-V53

► Transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars expressing herbicide tolerance to topical applications of herbicides are commercially available. It has been documented that under certain conditions,… (more)

▼ Transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars expressing herbicide tolerance to topical applications of herbicides are commercially available. It has been documented that under certain conditions, applications of Roundup Ultra® (glyphosate) to Roundup Ready[] (RR) cotton can lead to fruit shed and possible yield reductions. To assess these problems with RR cotton, growth chamber and field studies were conducted at the Texas A&M Agricultural Experiment Station using glyphosate-tolerant cotton, cv. 'DPL 5690RR'. For the laboratory study, glyphosate treatments consisted of 0, 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 a.i. kg ha⁻¹ sprayed with a hand-boom to all exposed foliage at the 11- to 13-leaf stage. Immediately following this application, ¹⁴C-glyphosate was applied using a microsyringe to the three uppermost fully expanded leaves at 0, 37, 74, and 148 kBq per leaf for the 0, 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 a.i. kg ha⁻¹ treatments, respectively. As rates of topically applied glyphosate increased, the amount of glyphosate translocated to bolls increased, with the 2.24 a.i. kg ha⁻¹ rate causing more abscission than all other rates. The critical concentration promoting boll abscission was estimated as 126.4 [u]g g⁻¹ of dried boll, which was achieved only with a non-labeled rate of 2.24 a.i. kg ha⁻¹. Fruit number was reduced throughout the plant rather than only on the lower portion of the plant. These data suggest that translocated glyphosate to the bolls was the cause for boll abscission because of the strong relationship between the concentration of glyphosate found in abscised bolls and fruit abscission levels (r²=0.99). Field studies were conducted to determine if application time and method affected fruit retention. Treatments consisted of applying 1.12 a.i. kg ha⁻¹ either postdirected, non-labeled postdirected (25% foliage coverage), or topical at the 8[th]₋ or 18[th]₋leaf stage after an initial topical application at the 4[th]₋leaf stage. Both non-labeled postdirected and topical applications of glyphosate caused yield loss. Glyphosate appeared to affect the cotton plant below and above the application zone suggesting both basipetal and acropetal translocation. Producers may need to prevent glyphosate contact with both cotton stems and leaves when applying glyphosate after the 4[th]₋leaf stage to prevent possible yield losses.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Viator, R. P. (2012). Influence of glyphosate on growth and yield of glyphosate-tolerant cotton. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-V53

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Viator, Ryan Patrick. “Influence of glyphosate on growth and yield of glyphosate-tolerant cotton.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-V53.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Viator, Ryan Patrick. “Influence of glyphosate on growth and yield of glyphosate-tolerant cotton.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Viator RP. Influence of glyphosate on growth and yield of glyphosate-tolerant cotton. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-V53.

Council of Science Editors:

Viator RP. Influence of glyphosate on growth and yield of glyphosate-tolerant cotton. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2001-THESIS-V53

Texas A&M University

20. Gerngross, Cecilia Ann. Diclosulam persistence in soil and its effect on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and rotation crops.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2002-THESIS-G49

► The persistence of diclosulam in soil was evaluated in Yoakum and De Leon, TX. During the first year, peanut was planted and diclosulam was applied… (more)

▼ The persistence of diclosulam in soil was evaluated in Yoakum and De Leon, TX. During the first year, peanut was planted and diclosulam was applied at 0, 18, 27, 52 and 81 g ai/ha. Soil samples were taken from these treatments at 0, 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months after application. Conventional corn, imidazolinone resistant (IR) corn, sorghum and cotton were planted as rotational crops the following year. Data taken from the rotational crops included stand counts, plant heights, fresh weights and dry weights. Sorghum height was significantly decreased from the untreated check at 52 and 81 g/ha in Yoakum. Cotton and sorghum height was also significantly decreased in De Leon. However, differences were not consistent with diclosulam rate. The only significant weight reduction compared to the untreated check was with conventional corn at the highest rate. Soil samples were extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the amount of diclosulam remaining in soil. The mean recovery was 70 ± 8% and at 0 d after application, the average soil concentration was 126 ± 32 []g/kg in Yoakum and 226 ± 30 []g/kg in De Leon. Diclosulam degraded to levels below the limit of quantitation (LOQ) at the remaining timings. Laboratory data corresponded with the field data, which showed that diclosulam degraded rapidly. Due to peanut injury during the first year of diclosulam use, studies were conducted in growth chambers evaluating the effects of three temperatures (13 C, 18 C, 24 C), four peanut varieties ('FL-458', 'Georgia Green', 'GK-7' and '301-1-8), and five diclosulam rates (0, 7, 13, 27 and 52 g/ha) on peanut germination. Germination counts were taken at 3-d intervals up to 28 d after initiation. Germination results were similar at all five rates and germination increased as temperature increased. The variety, 301-1-8, consistently germinated better at the two highest temperatures while GK-7 and Georgia Green had the lowest percent germination at these temperatures. The varietal response was not affected by diclosulam rate indicating that early peanut injury was possibly due to other undetermined factors.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gerngross, C. A. (2012). Diclosulam persistence in soil and its effect on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and rotation crops. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2002-THESIS-G49

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gerngross, Cecilia Ann. “Diclosulam persistence in soil and its effect on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and rotation crops.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2002-THESIS-G49.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gerngross, Cecilia Ann. “Diclosulam persistence in soil and its effect on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and rotation crops.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Gerngross CA. Diclosulam persistence in soil and its effect on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and rotation crops. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2002-THESIS-G49.

Council of Science Editors:

Gerngross CA. Diclosulam persistence in soil and its effect on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and rotation crops. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2002-THESIS-G49

Texas A&M University

21. Tucker, Kevin Patrick. Identification, distribution, and control of triasulfuron-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Central Texas.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2002-THESIS-T85

► Field studies were initiated in 1999 and 2000 at separate locations in McLennan County, Texas to determine the effectiveness of various herbicides for Italian ryegrass… (more)

▼ Field studies were initiated in 1999 and 2000 at separate locations in McLennan County, Texas to determine the effectiveness of various herbicides for Italian ryegrass control in imidazolinone tolerant wheat. In the 1999 study, clodinafop and 59 g ai/ha triasulfuron controlled ryegrass greater than 80% throughout the growing-season. Pendimethalin applied pre-emergence (PRE) followed by tralkoxydim applied early post-emergence (EPOST) provided higher control than pendimethalin PRE in both years. Pendimethalin treatments provided higher season-long control in 2000 than in 1999, maintaining at least 80% control at the last rating in 2000. Clodinafop provided at least ryegrass 70% control in both years. Imazamox at 44 and 66 g/ha did not control ryegrass more than 60% in either year. Growth chamber studies were conducted to identify the presence of triasulfuron-resistant ryegrass populations in Texas and to identify alternative control measures for such populations. Ryegrass seed samples were collected from 48 wheat fields in 13 central and north Texas counties where declining ryegrass control was reported following a sulfonylurea herbicide application. Two-leaf ryegrass was screened with 150 g/ha triasulfuron, a rate five times the labeled herbicide use rate, and the injury response was compared to the untreated control from each accession. Resistance was determined by a sample's response to that of a known susceptible population. Varying levels of triasulfuron-resistance were found in samples from all 13 counties. Of the 48 accessions sampled, nine were susceptible, 10 were slightly resistant, 18 were moderately resistant, and 11 were highly resistant. Four resistant accessions plus the susceptible standard were selected for a subsequent control study. Diclofop reduced fresh weights at least 69% and clodinafop reduced fresh weights at least 71% across all accessions. Metribuzin reduced dry weights at least 62% across all accessions. No imazamox or triasulfuron treatment reduced fresh weights more than 60% in the resistant accessions. In these selected accessions, triasulfuron resistant ryegrass was cross-resistant to imazamox.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tucker, K. P. (2012). Identification, distribution, and control of triasulfuron-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Central Texas. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2002-THESIS-T85

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tucker, Kevin Patrick. “Identification, distribution, and control of triasulfuron-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Central Texas.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2002-THESIS-T85.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tucker, Kevin Patrick. “Identification, distribution, and control of triasulfuron-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Central Texas.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Tucker KP. Identification, distribution, and control of triasulfuron-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Central Texas. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2002-THESIS-T85.

Council of Science Editors:

Tucker KP. Identification, distribution, and control of triasulfuron-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Central Texas. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2002-THESIS-T85

Texas A&M University

22. Etheredge, Luke Moss. Tolerance of forage bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers] hybrids to imazapic plus 2,4-D.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2003-THESIS-E84

► Research was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of 'Coastal', 'Jiggs', and 'Tifton 85' bermudagrasses [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] to Oasis® which is a l:2 premix… (more)

▼ Research was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of 'Coastal', 'Jiggs', and 'Tifton 85' bermudagrasses [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] to Oasis® which is a l:2 premix of imazapic plus 2,4-D containing 0.91 and 1.82 kg ai L⁻¹, respectively. The effects of herbicide rates, application timings, and the influence of water or urea ammonium nitrate (UAN; 32% nitrogen) as herbicide carriers were examined. The herbicide rates were 0, 0.11, 0.21, 0.32, and 0.42 kg ai ha⁻¹. The herbicide was applied in either water or UAN to bermudagrass stubble (5 to 10 cm tall), and regrowth (15 to 20 cm tall). Weed free experiments were conducted with each well-established variety at different locations. Visual crop injury, yield, and quality [crude protein (CP) and acid-detergent fiber (ADF)] of all varieties were measured throughout the growing seasons of 2001 and 2002 after herbicide applications. All evaluations were combined for years, since year was assigned as a random variable in the data analysis procedure. At the first harvest date, all rates of imazapic plus 2,4-D caused yield reductions regardless of application timing, carrier, or variety. By the second harvest, all three varieties had fully recovered from the initial injury and no yield reductions were observed. In the Coastal and Jiggs varieties, the initial herbicide injury in the first harvest, regardless of application timing or carrier, caused significant seasonal yield reduction. In the Tifton 85 variety, seasonal yield reductions were observed when 0.315 and 0.42 kg/ha of imazapic plus 2,4-D were applied at the stubble timing, or when 0.21, 0.315, and 0.42 kg/ha of imazapic plus 2,4-D were applied at the regrowth timing. Application timing did not have an effect on seasonal yields with any variety. In some instances, water carrier treatments yielded significantly more forage than UAN carrier treatments. However, these differences were less than 12%, and are likely due to the difference in fertilizer formulation that accompanied the herbicide carrier. In the first harvest, no application parameter examined resulted in detrimental effects on bermudagrass CP or ADF content, and some instances of improvement were observed. However, by the second harvest, CP and ADF content of all varieties were unaffected.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Etheredge, L. M. (2012). Tolerance of forage bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers] hybrids to imazapic plus 2,4-D. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2003-THESIS-E84

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Etheredge, Luke Moss. “Tolerance of forage bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers] hybrids to imazapic plus 2,4-D.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2003-THESIS-E84.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Etheredge, Luke Moss. “Tolerance of forage bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers] hybrids to imazapic plus 2,4-D.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Etheredge LM. Tolerance of forage bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers] hybrids to imazapic plus 2,4-D. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2003-THESIS-E84.

Council of Science Editors:

Etheredge LM. Tolerance of forage bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers] hybrids to imazapic plus 2,4-D. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2003-THESIS-E84

Texas A&M University

23. Havlak, Roger Dale. Combined water use of turf and woody ornamentals in an irrigated South Texas landscape.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2004-THESIS-H28

► Landscape water conservation and potential evapotranspiration (PET or ET[p]) based irrigation programs are hindered by a lack of data on actual evapotranspiration (ET[a]) rates of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Havlak, R. D. (2012). Combined water use of turf and woody ornamentals in an irrigated South Texas landscape. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2004-THESIS-H28

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Havlak, Roger Dale. “Combined water use of turf and woody ornamentals in an irrigated South Texas landscape.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2004-THESIS-H28.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Havlak, Roger Dale. “Combined water use of turf and woody ornamentals in an irrigated South Texas landscape.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Havlak RD. Combined water use of turf and woody ornamentals in an irrigated South Texas landscape. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2004-THESIS-H28.

Council of Science Editors:

Havlak RD. Combined water use of turf and woody ornamentals in an irrigated South Texas landscape. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2004-THESIS-H28

Texas A&M University

24. Grymes, Charles Frost. AC 263,222 for red rice control in soybeans and its potential injury to rice in a rotation.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1993-THESIS-G894

► Field studies were conducted in 1991 and 1992 to evaluate the response of soybean, red rice, and rice the following year to AC 263,222 applied… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Grymes, C. F. (2012). AC 263,222 for red rice control in soybeans and its potential injury to rice in a rotation. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1993-THESIS-G894

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Grymes, Charles Frost. “AC 263,222 for red rice control in soybeans and its potential injury to rice in a rotation.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1993-THESIS-G894.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Grymes, Charles Frost. “AC 263,222 for red rice control in soybeans and its potential injury to rice in a rotation.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Grymes CF. AC 263,222 for red rice control in soybeans and its potential injury to rice in a rotation. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1993-THESIS-G894.

Council of Science Editors:

Grymes CF. AC 263,222 for red rice control in soybeans and its potential injury to rice in a rotation. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1993-THESIS-G894

Texas A&M University

25. Seskar, Mirjana. Response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) leaves to profenofos/adjuvant treatment.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1993-THESIS-S493

► Insecticides may cause phytotoxic effects on crops. Addition of adjuvants may alleviate or aggravate such effects. Investigating the differences in plant responses to insecticide/adjuvant treatments… (more)

▼ Insecticides may cause phytotoxic effects on crops. Addition of adjuvants may alleviate or aggravate such effects. Investigating the differences in plant responses to insecticide/adjuvant treatments may help in selecting a proper adjuvant to reduce insecticide phytotoxicity. This study examined the responses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) leaves to profenofos[O-(4-bromo-2chlorophenyl)-O-ethyl S- phosphorothioatel/adjuvant treatments. The specific objectives were performed in four sets of experiments. The objective of the first set of experiments was to determine the effects of adjuvants on profenofos-induced visual injury of cotton plants. Profenofos/adjuvant treatments caused negligible injury, while combinations of profenofos with other insecticides in a tank mix solution caused significantly more injury. Addition of petroleum oil (PO) to the mix caused the greatest injury , while addition of Silwet or Plex caused the least injury. Uptake rates of pesticides are often associated with the observed visual injury. The objective of the second set of experiments was to determine the effects of the adjuvants on the uptake rates of profenofos. Uptake rates were determined at 0, 3, 6, and 9 hours after treatment (HAT). Uptake rates were significantly highest for profenofos+PO at 3 and 6 HAT as compared to profenofos alone or with cotton seed oil (CSO). Uptake rates of profenofos with Silwet or Plex, determined in another experiment, were smaller than uptake rates of profenofos with PO or CSO. Uptake rates of profenofos with adjuvants were related to the observed visual injury in the field. Increases in ethylene production are often indicative of phytotoxic effects on the plants. The objective of the third set of experiments was to determine the effects of profenofos/adjuvant treatment on ethylene production of cotton leaves. Profenofos and profenofos with PO or CSO caused a numerical increase in ethylene production; however, the data were inconclusive due to the variability between replicates. Changes in the ethylene production are often preceded by changes in I-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC). The objective of the fourth set of experiments was to determine the effect of profenofos/adjuvant treatment on the rate of ACC production. Profenofos and profenofos with PO or CSO failed to induce changes in the ACC pool.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Seskar, M. (2012). Response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) leaves to profenofos/adjuvant treatment. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1993-THESIS-S493

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Seskar, Mirjana. “Response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) leaves to profenofos/adjuvant treatment.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1993-THESIS-S493.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Seskar, Mirjana. “Response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) leaves to profenofos/adjuvant treatment.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Seskar M. Response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) leaves to profenofos/adjuvant treatment. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1993-THESIS-S493.

Council of Science Editors:

Seskar M. Response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) leaves to profenofos/adjuvant treatment. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1993-THESIS-S493

Texas A&M University

26. Byrd, Robert Claude. Extractable soil phosphorus in Blackland Prairie soils.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-B97

► The Texas Agricultural Extension Service (TAEX) Soil Testing Laboratory currently utilizes a single phosphorus (P) extractant consisting of 1.43 M NH4OAc, 1. 0 M HCl,… (more)

▼ The Texas Agricultural Extension Service (TAEX) Soil Testing Laboratory currently utilizes a single phosphorus (P) extractant consisting of 1.43 M NH4OAc, 1. 0 M HCl, and 0.025 M EDTA-PH 4.2 to estimate plant available P for all soils in Texas. Research is needed to determine the suitability of this extractant for predicting crop P response for soils within the Blackland Prairie region of Texas. The objectives of this study were to determine the suitability of the TAEX P extractant for predicting crop P response, evaluate crop response to P fertilizer placement and rate, and compare extractable P levels from TAEX, Bray 1, Olsen, TAEX 1, TAEX 2, and TAEX 3 in selected Blackland Prairie soils. Five field locations were established with replicated P fertilizer treatments of 0, 20, 40, and 60 kg P ha-1 applied as both band and broadcast applications to each site for two years. Crop yields were evaluated to determine the effects of P fertilization. Representative soil samples (O to 10 cm) were obtained and extracted with the six P extractants. The current TAEX P extractant failed to predict three significant crop responses and all small responses to P addition. The Bray I and Olsen extractants recognized the need for P fertilizer, but recommended P fertilizer rates below the 40 to 60 kg P ha-' needed to obtain maximum yield. The TAEX 3 extractant appeared to be better suited for Blackland soils since it predicted the need for higher P rates. Band and broadcast P fertilizer applications were equally effective at all sites. TAEX and TAEX I extractants removed a larger proportion of total soil P than Bray 1, Olsen, TAEX 2, and TAEX 3 extractants. Olsen and Bray I extractable P were most significantly influenced by the addition of broadcast P fertilizer. Estimated critical P limits for the TAEX, TAEX 1, TAEX 2, TAEX 3, Bray 1, and Olsen extractants were approximately 152, 76, 26, 24, 27, and 14 mg P kg respectively. The TAEX 3 extractant better separated responding and nonresponding sites when compared to TAEX, Bray I, and Olsen extractants and may better crop P response on Blackland Prairie soils.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Byrd, R. C. (2012). Extractable soil phosphorus in Blackland Prairie soils. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-B97

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Byrd, Robert Claude. “Extractable soil phosphorus in Blackland Prairie soils.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-B97.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Byrd, Robert Claude. “Extractable soil phosphorus in Blackland Prairie soils.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Byrd RC. Extractable soil phosphorus in Blackland Prairie soils. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-B97.

Council of Science Editors:

Byrd RC. Extractable soil phosphorus in Blackland Prairie soils. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-B97

Texas A&M University

27. Carson, Katherine Holt. Wheat and ryegrass interaction in response to drought.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-C3764

► Greenhouse experiments compared the growth of wheat and ryegrass in pure culture and mixtures in response to temporary and prolonged droughts. The main experiment was… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Carson, K. H. (2012). Wheat and ryegrass interaction in response to drought. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-C3764

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Carson, Katherine Holt. “Wheat and ryegrass interaction in response to drought.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-C3764.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Carson, Katherine Holt. “Wheat and ryegrass interaction in response to drought.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Carson KH. Wheat and ryegrass interaction in response to drought. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-C3764.

Council of Science Editors:

Carson KH. Wheat and ryegrass interaction in response to drought. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-C3764

Texas A&M University

28. Hall, Mark Holman. Root responses of bermudagrass to mowing height and frequency.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-H35

► Bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) is used extensively throughout the South on golf courses, sports fields, home and commercial lawns, and utility areas. Turf managers are routinely… (more)

▼ Bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) is used extensively throughout the South on golf courses, sports fields, home and commercial lawns, and utility areas. Turf managers are routinely advised to raise mowing heights to improve the root system of the turf. 'This advice is based largely on studies conducted on cool-season turfgrasses such as Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), tall fescue (Festuca elatior var. arundinacea [Schreb.] Wimm.), and bentgrasses (Agrostis spp.), and on grazing studies of forage grasses. There is a need to document the effects of mowing height and frequency on the root system and carbohydrate storage of warm-season turfgrasses such as bermudagrass. Turfgrass plugs of 10 cm diameter were transplanted into polyvinyl chloride tubes of similar diameter and 120 cm tall, and composed of four 30 cm sections stacked end to end. The upper three sections were filled with washed sand and the bottom was filled with pea gravel to provide drainage. This design permitted the three upper sections of root zone to be studied separately. Common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) was used in a mowing height by frequency study, with mowing height treatments of 2.5 and 5.1 cm, and mowing frequencies of 2, 7, and 14 days. Tifgreen bermudagrass (C. dactylon x c. transvaalensis Burtt Davy) and common bermudagrass were used in a mowing height study, with mowing height treatments of 0.6, 1.3, 2.5, and 5.1 cm, all mowed at 2 day intervals. Mowing frequency had little effect on common bermudagrass, except that a greater shoot mass was produced by a 2 day than a 14 day mowing interval. Tifgreen bermudagrass produced more root volume, mass, and length density, as well as dry shoot mass than common bermudagrass. Mowing height had major impacts on root and shoot growth and carbohydrate storage. Generally, the turfs were adversely affected as mowing height decreased. Mowing height had to be raised above 1.3 cm to increase overall rooting and above 2.5 cm to increase rooting at depths below 30 cm.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hall, M. H. (2012). Root responses of bermudagrass to mowing height and frequency. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-H35

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hall, Mark Holman. “Root responses of bermudagrass to mowing height and frequency.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-H35.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hall, Mark Holman. “Root responses of bermudagrass to mowing height and frequency.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hall MH. Root responses of bermudagrass to mowing height and frequency. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-H35.

Council of Science Editors:

Hall MH. Root responses of bermudagrass to mowing height and frequency. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-H35

Texas A&M University

29. Johnson, Andrew Floyd. Forage, soil and water quality responses to animal waste application.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-J634

► Increases in number and size of dairy and poultry enterprises in Texas have contributed to concerns about potential hazards of waste management schemes to surface… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Johnson, A. F. (2012). Forage, soil and water quality responses to animal waste application. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-J634

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johnson, Andrew Floyd. “Forage, soil and water quality responses to animal waste application.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-J634.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johnson, Andrew Floyd. “Forage, soil and water quality responses to animal waste application.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Johnson AF. Forage, soil and water quality responses to animal waste application. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-J634.

Council of Science Editors:

Johnson AF. Forage, soil and water quality responses to animal waste application. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-J634

Texas A&M University

30. Sowder, Cecil Madison. Carbon assimilation and export from leaves of diverse cultivars of sorghum.

Degree: MS, agronomy, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-S67

► Preflowering and postflowering classes of stress response have served as selection criteria in traditional plant breeding programs. These phenotypic classes provide a source of variation… (more)

▼ Preflowering and postflowering classes of stress response have served as selection criteria in traditional plant breeding programs. These phenotypic classes provide a source of variation for identifying and quantifying physiological processes that contribute to stress tolerance. However, relationships between physiological stress responses and preflowering and postflowering stress tolerance in sorghum are inconsistent among prior research projects. This research identifies and compares physiological processes between preflowering and postflowering tolerant sorghum lines (Tx430 and B35, respectively) and a hybrid thereof. The objective of this project was to compare leaf carbon exchange rate (CER), carbohydrate concentrations, and sucrose synthesis rate, and [ 14 C]assimilate partitioning within labeled leaves and the whole plant. All genotypes were grown under irrigated and water limited regimes. Plants were exposed to 14CO2 for 3 h under steady state labeling conditions and harvested immediately. Subsamples of plant organs were combusted and radioactivity was counted using liquid scintillation spectroscopy. Rates of sucrose synthesis and leaf export of [ 14 C]assimilate were quantified. Nonstructural carbohydrates in labeled leaves were quantified using colorimetry. B35 exhibited lower rates of [ 14 C]assimilate export than Tx430 or the hybrid under well-watered conditions. Grain weight during grain filling was significantly lower in B35 than Tx430 or the hybrid, although differences in aerial biomass at earlier growth stages did not differ among the genotypes. Under well-watered conditions, starch concentrations in labeled blades were higher in B35 than Tx430 and the hybrid, and allocation of radiolabel to starch was greater in B35 than the other genotypes at grain filling. The carbon partitioning to leaf starch indicated B35 metabolized newly-formed carbohydrates differently than Tx430 or the hybrid. The similar biomass among genotypes at preboot and anthesis indicated that the slower rate of export and greater partitioning of [14 C] assimilate to leaf starch were not due to a slower plant growth rate in B35 than Tx430 and the hybrid. It is hypothesized that photoassimilate retention in leaves under well-watered conditions predisposes B35 to postflowering tolerance to water stress.

Subjects/Keywords: agronomy.; Major agronomy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sowder, C. M. (2012). Carbon assimilation and export from leaves of diverse cultivars of sorghum. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-S67

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sowder, Cecil Madison. “Carbon assimilation and export from leaves of diverse cultivars of sorghum.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 21, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-S67.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sowder, Cecil Madison. “Carbon assimilation and export from leaves of diverse cultivars of sorghum.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Sowder CM. Carbon assimilation and export from leaves of diverse cultivars of sorghum. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-S67.

Council of Science Editors:

Sowder CM. Carbon assimilation and export from leaves of diverse cultivars of sorghum. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-S67

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