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University of Johannesburg
1.
Barnard, Antonia Wilhelmina.
A strategy for the management of HIV/AIDS in the health sector of the City of Johannesburg.
Degree: 2010, University of Johannesburg
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3520 
► M.Cur.
The HIV/AIDS pandemic is posing major challenges to all sectors in South Africa, including the Health sector of the City of Johannesburg. The Health…
(more)
▼ M.Cur.
The HIV/AIDS pandemic is posing major challenges to all sectors in South Africa, including the Health sector of the City of Johannesburg. The Health sector of the City of Johannesburg, as a result of the pandemic, is faced with increasing demands on its scarce resources at a time of major reform at local government level including transformation of the health sector. The inhabitants of the City of Johannesburg are particularly vulnerable to high levels of HIV/AIDS infection because of job prospects in the city, a good transport infrastructure, high levels of mobility of the community, the existence of single sex-hostels, marginalised communities living in informal settlements, poverty income inequality. An increase in the prevalence of HIV/AIDS is inevitable, unless a concerted effort is established to curtail the spread of the disease. An impact analysis conducted, revealed that already in the year 2000 an estimated 168 921 HIV infected persons were living in the city (City of Johannesburg, 2001 :21). In high-risk groups, such as attenders to services for the treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STls), prevalence rates as high as 53% among females, and 35.8% among male persons were recorded (SAIMR, 2000:1). The City of Johannesburg, a local government structure, has not formally adopted a strategic plan to address the pandemic. The national and proVincial governments have responded to the pandemic and their 3-5 year strategic plans are known and pUblished. In spite of the absence of an official strategic plan to address the pandemic in the City of Johannesburg, the political will and strategic intentions to address the pandemic have been declared by management. Although all sectors of the City are affected, it is generally assumed that the Health sector would assume the leading role in addressing the pandemic. The objective of this study has thus been to explore and describe a strategy for the management of HIV/AIDS by the Health sector of the City of Johannesburg. The question presented for research was formulated as follows: " What strategy should be adopted by the Health sector of the City of Johannesburg to manage the HIV/AIDS pandemic in future?" An exploratory, descriptive and quantitative research design was utilised. The strategy for the management of HIV/AIDS was formulated according to the UNAIDS "Guide to the strategic planning process for a national response to HIV/AIDS" (1998), and the content validity was determined according to Lynn (1986) "Determination and quantification of Content Validity".
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease); AIDS (Disease) treatment; AIDS (Disease) prevention; AIDS (Disease) patientscare
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APA (6th Edition):
Barnard, A. W. (2010). A strategy for the management of HIV/AIDS in the health sector of the City of Johannesburg. (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3520
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Barnard, Antonia Wilhelmina. “A strategy for the management of HIV/AIDS in the health sector of the City of Johannesburg.” 2010. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3520.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Barnard, Antonia Wilhelmina. “A strategy for the management of HIV/AIDS in the health sector of the City of Johannesburg.” 2010. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Barnard AW. A strategy for the management of HIV/AIDS in the health sector of the City of Johannesburg. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2010. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3520.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Barnard AW. A strategy for the management of HIV/AIDS in the health sector of the City of Johannesburg. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3520
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of KwaZulu-Natal
2.
[No author].
Phase I safety and immunogenicity evaluations of an alphavirus replicon HIV-1 subtype C gag vaccine in healthy HIV-1-uninfected adults.
Degree: 2012, University of KwaZulu-Natal
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00258-12
► On the basis of positive preclinical data, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of an alphavirus replicon HIV-1 subtype C gag vaccine (AVX101), expressing a…
(more)
▼ On the basis of positive preclinical data, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of an alphavirus replicon HIV-1 subtype C gag vaccine (AVX101), expressing a nonmyristoylated form of Gag, in two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials in healthy HIV-1-uninfected adults. Escalating doses of AVX101 or placebo were administered subcutaneously to participants in the United States and Southern Africa. Because of vaccine stability issues, the first trial was halted prior to completion of all dose levels and a second trial was implemented. The second trial was also stopped prematurely due to documentation issues with the contract manufacturer. Safety and immunogenicity were evaluated through assessments of reactogenicity, reports of adverse events, and assessment of replication-competent and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) viremia. Immunogenicity was measured using the following assays: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chromium 51 (51Cr)-release cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), gamma interferon (IFN- y) ELISpot, intracellular cytokine staining (ICS), and lymphoproliferation assay (LPA). Anti-vector antibodies were also measured. AVX101 was well tolerated and exhibited only modest local reactogenicity.
There were 5 serious adverse events reported during the trials; none were considered related to the study vaccine. In contrast to the preclinical data, immune responses in humans were limited. Only low levels of binding antibodies and T-cell responses were seen at the highest doses. This trial also highlighted the difficulties in developing a novel vector for HIV.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS vaccines.;
Aids (Disease) – Vaccines.
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APA (6th Edition):
author], [. (2012). Phase I safety and immunogenicity evaluations of an alphavirus replicon HIV-1 subtype C gag vaccine in healthy HIV-1-uninfected adults.
(Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00258-12
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
author], [No. “Phase I safety and immunogenicity evaluations of an alphavirus replicon HIV-1 subtype C gag vaccine in healthy HIV-1-uninfected adults.
” 2012. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00258-12.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
author], [No. “Phase I safety and immunogenicity evaluations of an alphavirus replicon HIV-1 subtype C gag vaccine in healthy HIV-1-uninfected adults.
” 2012. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
author] [. Phase I safety and immunogenicity evaluations of an alphavirus replicon HIV-1 subtype C gag vaccine in healthy HIV-1-uninfected adults.
[Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00258-12.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
author] [. Phase I safety and immunogenicity evaluations of an alphavirus replicon HIV-1 subtype C gag vaccine in healthy HIV-1-uninfected adults.
[Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2012. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00258-12
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
3.
Shonga, Chiwambo Rhoza.
Cost-effective analysis of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) at Choma General Hospital Art Center in Choma District
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1866
► The study was conducted in order to estimate the costs and effects of ARVs used in treatment of HIV infected patients, to describe the costs…
(more)
▼ The study was conducted in order to estimate the costs and effects of ARVs used in treatment of HIV infected patients, to describe the costs of prophylaxis and treating of opportunistic infections by use of No-ARVs and to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of No-ART and ART. A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted from a public health perspective, comparing No- ART with ART intervention. This was a retrospective study done on a cohort of 207 using a pre-ART and ART study design on a five year period observation time (2004 – 2008). The cohort was aged 15 years and above with HIV infection disability and were selected by simple random technique of their records’ files. By the year 2006, with the adult HIV/AIDS prevalence rate of 16% in Zambia, Choma district had a high incidence rate of sexually transmitted infection (STIs) of 15.0 per 1000 population. The HIV infection was at incidence rate of 7.1 per 1000 population and case fatality rate of 195.1 per 1000 admissions and this revealed the high demand of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) (Choma HMIS, 2006).The cohort simulation approach used was based on cost-effectiveness Markov Modeling in order to calculate life time costs, life years gained and health effects of ART versus No-ART. The study setting was in a public sector health facility at Choma ART centre. Data was collected using file check list, semi-structured interview schedule and discussion with the key informants who had more than five years experience of managing patients with HIV infections at Choma general hospital. Data analysis was done using Cost Model template (WHO CostIt Model) and Excel spread-sheet. The study results revealed that the transition probabilities of patients moving from stage 1 – 4 in No-ART was 0.24917 and in ART it was 0.1239. Transition probabilities of moving from 1 to death in No-ART was higher, 0.0678 and in ART it was only 0.0125. In both ART and No-ART cohort, the health status rating patients in stage 1 had a high utility rating of 0.85. In stage 4 the utility rating was 0.28. The lifetime costs of No-ART were 10,166,199 and for ART, 12,226,813. The costs per life year gained with No-ART were 1,166 and ART were 1,223. The health effects quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for No-ART were 3,381 and ART, 6.073. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 765.45. The life years lived with No-ART were 3.25 and with ART were 8.50.
In conclusion, HAART intervention is reasonably cost-effective for HIV-infected patients in Zambia because the intervention reduces the costs of medical care of HIV disease and the incidences of opportunistic infections. This leads to a corresponding reduction in in-patient health care utilization. Results of cost-effectiveness analysis in this study could assist in enhancing efficient resource allocation and equitable access to HIV treatment.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS Vaccines;
AIDS(Disease) Prevention
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APA (6th Edition):
Shonga, C. R. (2012). Cost-effective analysis of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) at Choma General Hospital Art Center in Choma District
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1866
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shonga, Chiwambo Rhoza. “Cost-effective analysis of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) at Choma General Hospital Art Center in Choma District
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1866.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shonga, Chiwambo Rhoza. “Cost-effective analysis of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) at Choma General Hospital Art Center in Choma District
.” 2012. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Shonga CR. Cost-effective analysis of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) at Choma General Hospital Art Center in Choma District
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1866.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Shonga CR. Cost-effective analysis of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) at Choma General Hospital Art Center in Choma District
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1866
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Namibia
4.
Mazibuko Greatjoy Njabulo.
Factors contributing to patients on anti-retroviral therapy defaulting on treatment in Oshakati hospital in Namibia
.
Degree: 2008, University of Namibia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/425
► Abstract provided by author; Defaulting from treatment remains a challenge for most HIV/AIDS control programmes. It may increase the risk of drug resistance, prolonged infection…
(more)
▼ Abstract provided by author; Defaulting from treatment remains a challenge for most HIV/
AIDS control programmes. It may increase the risk of drug resistance, prolonged infection or death. The aim of this study was to explore and describe factors that contributed to patients defaulting in taking Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) in Oshakati and to propose appropriate interventions. The method used in the study was a combined quantitative and qualitative approach (mixed method). A cohort of patients who defaulted in their HAART treatment in Oshakati as at the end of July 2007 was identified using the pharmacy ART dispensing tool that could generate a list of defaulters for that month. In the quantitative phase a structured questionnaire with potential predictor factors drawn from literature review was administered to 76 (95.0) of 80 defaulters who were successfully traced. In the qualitative phase, a focus group discussion comprising of 12 defaulters was conducted; The reasons for defaulting were unclear in the quantitative phase of the study. During the focus group discussion of the qualitative study, reasons given by informants were complex and included the treatment process, poor patient-provider relationships ultimately leading to dissatisfaction with services provided, financial constraints to pay for food and transport, the long distance between the facility and place of residence, lack of accurate information about the treatment and its outcome, illiteracy, lack of psychosocial support, lack of immediate beneficial effects and/or harmful effects after initiating on treatment. The default rate in this study was relatively low compared to other studies. ART facilities should ensure that patients' addresses are complete and correct; It was recommended that efforts aimed at increasing literacy and reduction in stigma and discrimination should be targeted towards both the patients and the community, ART services should be decentralised and, where possible, home based treatment care, instituted where adherence levels can be ascertained.
Advisors/Committee Members: Small L.F (advisor), Shikongo K (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS disease treatment
;
AIDS nursing
;
AIDS prevention
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APA (6th Edition):
Njabulo, M. G. (2008). Factors contributing to patients on anti-retroviral therapy defaulting on treatment in Oshakati hospital in Namibia
. (Thesis). University of Namibia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11070/425
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Njabulo, Mazibuko Greatjoy. “Factors contributing to patients on anti-retroviral therapy defaulting on treatment in Oshakati hospital in Namibia
.” 2008. Thesis, University of Namibia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/11070/425.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Njabulo, Mazibuko Greatjoy. “Factors contributing to patients on anti-retroviral therapy defaulting on treatment in Oshakati hospital in Namibia
.” 2008. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Njabulo MG. Factors contributing to patients on anti-retroviral therapy defaulting on treatment in Oshakati hospital in Namibia
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Namibia; 2008. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/425.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Njabulo MG. Factors contributing to patients on anti-retroviral therapy defaulting on treatment in Oshakati hospital in Namibia
. [Thesis]. University of Namibia; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/425
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
5.
Mwape, Juliet C.
The role of communication in promoting Voluntary Counselling and Testing(VCT) for HIV in selected clinics around Lusaka District
.
Degree: 2016, University of Zambia
URL: http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4832
► The purpose of this study was to assess the role of communication in promoting Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT). The study also aimed at finding…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this study was to assess the role of communication in promoting Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT). The study also aimed at finding out people’s knowledge, attitude and practices towards VCT. Further, the study sought to establish the kind of messages that are produced on VCT by the Ministry of Health and the channels used to pass the messages to people. Factors affecting VCT were also established. Lastly, the study aimed at establishing whether messages on VCT are differentiated for different audiences. This study used both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Questionnaires and in-depth interviews were used to collect data from the audience and selected interviewees at the Ministry of Health (MOH), Headquarters and from the selected clinics. Research instruments used were structured questionnaires and interview guide. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and narrative form.
This study revealed that communication plays an important role in promoting VCT as reflected by 90% of respondents who felt that messages on VCT could be adopted into behaviour. In addition, most of the respondents knew what VCT was and felt that it was important in the fight against HIV and AIDS. Findings showed that the majority of respondents (93%) knew what VCT is. In spite of 93% of respondents having the knowledge on VCT, the number of people who had accessed the service was low at 37%. Further the study revealed that most respondents accessed VCT information through the media at 71%.
A number of factors including cultural and religious factors were cited as affecting people practices towards VCT. Lastly, the study established that messages on VCT were not differentiated for different audiences thereby hampering active communication. Some of the major recommendations were that there is need for MOH to develop a communication strategy for VCT. In addition, VCT service providers need to scale up communication on VCT by segmenting messages on VCT and reaching out to as many families in communities as possible through intensified door to door sensitization on the benefits of VCT.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS(Disease)-Zambia;
AIDS(Disease)-Prevention
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Mwape, J. C. (2016). The role of communication in promoting Voluntary Counselling and Testing(VCT) for HIV in selected clinics around Lusaka District
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4832
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mwape, Juliet C. “The role of communication in promoting Voluntary Counselling and Testing(VCT) for HIV in selected clinics around Lusaka District
.” 2016. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4832.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mwape, Juliet C. “The role of communication in promoting Voluntary Counselling and Testing(VCT) for HIV in selected clinics around Lusaka District
.” 2016. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Mwape JC. The role of communication in promoting Voluntary Counselling and Testing(VCT) for HIV in selected clinics around Lusaka District
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4832.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Mwape JC. The role of communication in promoting Voluntary Counselling and Testing(VCT) for HIV in selected clinics around Lusaka District
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2016. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4832
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
6.
Simasiku, Shuwanga.
HIV : antibody among tuberculous patients in Zambia
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1461
► Sera from 72 tuberculosis patients obtained from U.T.H. (Urban - 40 patients) and Katete (Rural - 32 patients) and 144 controls matched for age and…
(more)
▼ Sera from 72 tuberculosis patients obtained from U.T.H. (Urban - 40 patients) and Katete (Rural - 32 patients) and 144 controls matched for age and sex were analysed for anti-bodies to HIV. The testing was by a specific competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent essay (ELISA) technique -the WELLCOMYME-HTLV-II test.
The positive sera were not subjected to further testing by western blot technique. Seropositivity for HIV among tuberculosis patients was 43% as compared to 15% seropositivity among controls (P Value - 0.0000001 and ODD ratio of 3). The seropositivity to HIV among the urban patients (57.5% of 40 patients) is twice as much as the seropositivity among the rural patients (25% of 32 patients). The seropositivity is also higher among the urban controls (22.5%) than among the rural counterparts (6.2%). 46 female and 26 males were seen. Of the 46 females, 22 were seropositive whereas 9 of the 26 males were seropositive. There was no significant increase of seropositivity with increasing age. However, the peak of seropositivity occurred between the ages of 25 and 35 years of age. There was also no significant difference in weight gains between seropositive and the seronegative TB patients on the same standard anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. Seropositivity was highest among the extrapulmonary TB patients: 88.9% for TB lymphadenitis, 71.4% for pleural effusion and 50% for TB peritonitis, (whereas PTB had only 31.5% seropositivity). This data shows that there is a high correlation between HIV seropositivity and tuberculosis.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS(Disease) – Patients – Zambia;
Tuberculosis – AIDS(Disease)
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APA (6th Edition):
Simasiku, S. (2012). HIV : antibody among tuberculous patients in Zambia
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1461
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Simasiku, Shuwanga. “HIV : antibody among tuberculous patients in Zambia
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1461.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Simasiku, Shuwanga. “HIV : antibody among tuberculous patients in Zambia
.” 2012. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Simasiku S. HIV : antibody among tuberculous patients in Zambia
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1461.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Simasiku S. HIV : antibody among tuberculous patients in Zambia
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1461
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
7.
Mweene, Bright.
Barriers associated with condom use for prevention of HIV infection transimission among adolescents: a case of Senanga urban district of Western Zambia
.
Degree: 2017, University of Zambia
URL: http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5648
► Male latex condoms are 80–95 percent effective in preventing HIV and most STIs when used consistently and correctly. HIV/AIDS is the most dramatic epidemic of…
(more)
▼ Male latex condoms are 80–95 percent effective in preventing HIV and most STIs when used consistently and correctly. HIV/AIDS is the most dramatic epidemic of the century that has claimed more than 3 million deaths over two decades. Sub-Saharan Africa is heavily affected and accounts for nearly 70 percent of all cases. Despite awareness campaigns, prevention measures and more recently promotion of anti-viral regimens, the prevalence of cases and deaths continues to rise but the prevalence of systematic condom use remains low, especially among adolescents. This study identified barriers to condom use among adolescents based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) in Senanga urban, Western Province.
The study was a cross-sectional survey conducted in the first quarter of 2017. Three hundred sixty nine (369) adolescents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire adapted from a standardized WHO/GAP questionnaire. Data were obtained through self-administered questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with condom use.
In spite of satisfactory knowledge on HIV/AIDS transmission, adolescents are still at high risk of contracting the infection. Condom use was declared by only 49.8 percent of males and 45.3 of females. Age, gender and schooling status were associated with condom use. Based on the HBM, failure to use condom was related to its perceived lack of efficacy [OR = 10.1 (2.1–28.7)] and perceived low quality [OR = 1.9 (1.8– 8.9)].
The HBM provides a useful framework for investigating predictors of condom use behaviours among adolescents. This study identifies perceived efficacy (incomplete protective effect) and perceived utilization-related problem (any reported problem using condoms) as the main barriers to condom use. Hence, Future HIV prevention interventions should focus on increasing perceived benefits of condom use, reducing barriers to condoms use, and improving self-efficacy among adolescents. This information will be useful in designing and improving HIV/AIDS prevention outreach programs in the HIV/AIDS hit Western Province of Zambia, Zambia and Sub Saharan Africa at large.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS(Disease) in adolescence;
AIDS(Disease) – Prevention
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Mweene, B. (2017). Barriers associated with condom use for prevention of HIV infection transimission among adolescents: a case of Senanga urban district of Western Zambia
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5648
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mweene, Bright. “Barriers associated with condom use for prevention of HIV infection transimission among adolescents: a case of Senanga urban district of Western Zambia
.” 2017. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5648.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mweene, Bright. “Barriers associated with condom use for prevention of HIV infection transimission among adolescents: a case of Senanga urban district of Western Zambia
.” 2017. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Mweene B. Barriers associated with condom use for prevention of HIV infection transimission among adolescents: a case of Senanga urban district of Western Zambia
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5648.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Mweene B. Barriers associated with condom use for prevention of HIV infection transimission among adolescents: a case of Senanga urban district of Western Zambia
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2017. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5648
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Johannesburg
8.
Sliep, Yvonne.
Care-counselling model for AIDS patients in rural Malawi.
Degree: 2014, University of Johannesburg
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10253
► D.Cur. (Psychiatric Nursing)
Malawi has a population of 9 million people with AIDS the leading cause of death in the age group of 20 •…
(more)
▼ D.Cur. (Psychiatric Nursing)
Malawi has a population of 9 million people with AIDS the leading cause of death in the age group of 20 • 40. The HIV prevalence rate, estimated at 23% in urban areas and 8% in rural areas, is one of the highest in the world (AIDSEC, 1994: I). Evaluation of counselling practices showed poor results with counsellors feeling ineffective and inadequate. Patients are mostly tested on medical indication but testing is increasingly refused by patients who do not see the benefit of knowing their HIV status. The counselling practice as it is known in the Western world is a foreign concept for patients living in rural Malawi. The high stigma of AIDS complicates support of the patients. The goal of this research study is to describe a model of counselling that would meet the needs of an AIDS patient in a rural community in Malawi. A qualitative research design that is explorative, descriptive and contextually specific to rural Malawi was used for the study. In order to describe a counselling model it was important to understand the illness experience of HIV reactive patients. The patients are seen in group context congruent with the African culture and therefore the experience of the primary care giver of AIDS patients is also examined. The experience of counsellors of AIDS patients is explored as the other major factor in the phenomenon examined. In the first phase of the study in-depth phenomenological interviews were conducted with identified groups. Focus interviews were conducted with a hundred AIDS patients to identify the needs and resources of the patients and to compile a demographic profile. Focus group discussions were conducted with counsellors for more complete comprehension. Data analysis and a literature control were undertaken. In the second phase of the study theory generation was used in order to develop a counselling model for AIDS patients and guidelines for implementing the model were generated. Based on the results of the analysis the major concept enable was identified as the essence of a model for counselling AIDS patients in rural Malawi.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease) - Patients - Care; AIDS (Disease) - Malawi
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APA (6th Edition):
Sliep, Y. (2014). Care-counselling model for AIDS patients in rural Malawi. (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10253
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sliep, Yvonne. “Care-counselling model for AIDS patients in rural Malawi.” 2014. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10253.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sliep, Yvonne. “Care-counselling model for AIDS patients in rural Malawi.” 2014. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Sliep Y. Care-counselling model for AIDS patients in rural Malawi. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10253.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Sliep Y. Care-counselling model for AIDS patients in rural Malawi. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10253
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
9.
Malama, Musonda Prudence.
Determination of competency levels for the management of HIV/AIDS among qualified health workers, in Chibombo District
.
Degree: 2015, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3611
► INTRODUCTION: Chibombo district is situated in rural Zambia and HIV/AIDS was established as the district’s leading cause of mortality, which accounted for 20% of all…
(more)
▼ INTRODUCTION: Chibombo district is situated in rural Zambia and HIV/AIDS was established as the district’s leading cause of mortality, which accounted for 20% of all deaths (Goma et al., 2013) and it was one of the major health challenges experienced in the district, according to the Chibombo District Health Management Team (DHMT) report , 2010.The report stated that the expansion of provision of comprehensive HIV/AIDS services in a rural area like Chibombo requires additional health workers at all levels of care. Though this is a challenge for the whole country, the shortage of healthcare personnel is particularly acute in rural areas, where more than half of the health centers employ only one qualified staff member and many function without any trained health workers (Ministry of Health, Human Resources for Health Strategic Plan, 2005).The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of HIV/AIDS management, competency levels among the health workers in Chibombo district, as well as to establish the factors that influenced the level of competence of the health workers in the district.METHODS: This study was a cross sectional descriptive study design using both quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data was obtained from the analysis of secondary data from the study, ‘Evaluating the Availability of Adequately Trained Health care Providers in Rural Zambia through competency assessment and outcome mapping ’(Goma et al., 2013).The level of competence was determined from a self-assessment questionnaire based on the competency based health human resources planning framework. A competence level of 75% and above was considered competent, and any competence level below 75% was considered as not competent. A total of 21 health workers were interviewed. For the qualitative part of the study, in depth interviews with key informants from the Chibombo District Health Management Trust were conducted to find out if the health workers in Chibombo district were competent, and the factors that affect their level of competence. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and interpreted based on common themes evident in all the interviews.RESULTS: Liteta District hospital, had competent health workers, some of whom scored above 80% (the medical doctors) in competence level. The other health workers interviewed from the 3 rural health facilities were not competent in HIV/AIDS management and care, apart from one clinical officer in Chipembi who scored above 80%. The District hospital had the adequate number of health workers in the facilities, whereas all the 3 rural health facilities had critical health workers missing like a laboratory technician and pharmacy technician. The factors that affected the levels of competence in Chibombo were intrinsic factors, such as; lack of training in HIV/AIDS management ,inadequate undergraduate level training, absence of in-house training, lack of concentration & practice, failure to consult with other colleagues, failure to read in order to update skills. Extrinsic factors…
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS(Disease)-Zambia
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Malama, M. P. (2015). Determination of competency levels for the management of HIV/AIDS among qualified health workers, in Chibombo District
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3611
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Malama, Musonda Prudence. “Determination of competency levels for the management of HIV/AIDS among qualified health workers, in Chibombo District
.” 2015. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3611.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Malama, Musonda Prudence. “Determination of competency levels for the management of HIV/AIDS among qualified health workers, in Chibombo District
.” 2015. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Malama MP. Determination of competency levels for the management of HIV/AIDS among qualified health workers, in Chibombo District
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3611.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Malama MP. Determination of competency levels for the management of HIV/AIDS among qualified health workers, in Chibombo District
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3611
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
10.
Siamoongwa, Phanetey Mweetwa.
Communication strategies for fighting HIV/AIDS : A case study of New Start Centre - Lusaka
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1277
► The purpose of the study was to ascertain the communication strategies for fighting HIV/AIDS used by New Start Centre. It was sought to establish the…
(more)
▼ The purpose of the study was to ascertain the communication strategies for fighting
HIV/AIDS used by New Start Centre. It was sought to establish the nature of and extent
to which communication strategies used by New Start are utilised in reaching out to the
communities. The study also sought to establish whether the communication strategies are adequate to deliver the HIV/AIDS messages. It was sought to investigate the adequacy of the information received about HIV/AIDS. It also probed on the knowledge and understanding of clients of about HIV/AIDS as well as ascertaining how New Start Centre looked at the role of the media in the face of HIV/AIDS.During the study, questionnaires were distributed to 110 respondents. 100 were clients that came for VCT and 10 were members of staff These were believed to have knowledge about New Start activities in its fight against HIV/AIDS. Besides, the researcher held focus group discussions with workers and volunteers of the organisation. In depth interviews to workers and the Site Manager were also conducted. A statistical
package for the social sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse quantitative data while
qualitative data was analysed thematically.
The study is useful particularly to those organisations like New Start, its affiliated
projects and other organisations dealing with the fight against HIV/AIDS. For these, the study will help them in arriving at the appropriate communication strategy for
disseminating HIV/AIDS to the public.
The findings of the study revealed that the communication strategies used by New Start
are radio television, brochures, magazines, newsletters, meetings workshops and other
interpersonal strategies. In addition to these, mobile activities are also utilised in reaching out to the public.The findings further established that New Start respects the role of the media in the fight against HIV/AIDS, because without the media, the fight would not be easily overcome. The organisation through the media, reach different communities using television, radio,film, the World Wide Web, music, CD's, newspapers, books, brochures and magazines
and other media vehicles.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease);
Communication
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Siamoongwa, P. M. (2012). Communication strategies for fighting HIV/AIDS : A case study of New Start Centre - Lusaka
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1277
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Siamoongwa, Phanetey Mweetwa. “Communication strategies for fighting HIV/AIDS : A case study of New Start Centre - Lusaka
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1277.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Siamoongwa, Phanetey Mweetwa. “Communication strategies for fighting HIV/AIDS : A case study of New Start Centre - Lusaka
.” 2012. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Siamoongwa PM. Communication strategies for fighting HIV/AIDS : A case study of New Start Centre - Lusaka
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1277.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Siamoongwa PM. Communication strategies for fighting HIV/AIDS : A case study of New Start Centre - Lusaka
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1277
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
11.
Chishimba, Mwenya Rose.
Examining the extent to which HIV/AIDS is integrated in teaching of subjects in Basic Schools: A case study of Kabulonga Basic School in Lusaka Urban District
.
Degree: 2014, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3485
► The purpose of the study was to examine the extent to which HIV/AIDS was integrated in teaching of subjects in Basic Schools. The study was…
(more)
▼ The purpose of the study was to examine the extent to which HIV/AIDS was integrated in teaching of subjects in Basic Schools. The study was targeted at pupils and teachers in Basic Schools using Kabulonga Basic School as a case study.The sample used consisted of fifty (50) persons. This number included ten (10) teachers and forty (40) pupils. Data was collected using the interview guides, questionnaires and an observation checklist. Findings, discussions, conclusions and recommendations were based on the data collected. Analysis was done in percentages.The study revealed that teachers had no recognized formal training from teachers training colleges which made them not equipped to teaching HIV/AIDS. Very few teachers had had training by NGO's but these had different targets. This was further compounded by lack of materials for class work. Curriculum Development Centre had just started producing some as pilot project. These were very few and not adequate for the work. Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) has produced a new syllabus which integrates HIV/AIDS in all subjects taught in Basic Schools.This new curriculum has not yet been exposed to teachers. There has been no follow-up training for teachers to handle such. While steps are being made to tackle the integration of HIV/AIDS in the School Curriculum, there is no enough background work done and implemented. Workshops, seminars and refresher courses should be done more often on the part of the teacher and materials should be available at all levels of the pupils.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS(Disease)-Education
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Chishimba, M. R. (2014). Examining the extent to which HIV/AIDS is integrated in teaching of subjects in Basic Schools: A case study of Kabulonga Basic School in Lusaka Urban District
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3485
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chishimba, Mwenya Rose. “Examining the extent to which HIV/AIDS is integrated in teaching of subjects in Basic Schools: A case study of Kabulonga Basic School in Lusaka Urban District
.” 2014. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3485.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chishimba, Mwenya Rose. “Examining the extent to which HIV/AIDS is integrated in teaching of subjects in Basic Schools: A case study of Kabulonga Basic School in Lusaka Urban District
.” 2014. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Chishimba MR. Examining the extent to which HIV/AIDS is integrated in teaching of subjects in Basic Schools: A case study of Kabulonga Basic School in Lusaka Urban District
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3485.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Chishimba MR. Examining the extent to which HIV/AIDS is integrated in teaching of subjects in Basic Schools: A case study of Kabulonga Basic School in Lusaka Urban District
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3485
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
12.
Kesamang, Lefhoko.
Social workers' experiences of HIV and AIDS intervention in Botswana.
Degree: MA, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2007, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/532
► This study endeavoured to explore and describe the experiences of social workers in their intervention with HIV and AIDS clients within the Department of Clinical…
(more)
▼ This study endeavoured to explore and describe the experiences of social workers in their intervention with HIV and
AIDS clients within the Department of Clinical Services of the Ministry of Health in Botswana. The researcher undertook a qualitative research study, using an exploratory, descriptive and contextual design to explore these experiences as perceived by the social workers. The method of data collection included semi-structured face-to-face interviews, as this was deemed most appropriate to the nature of the study. Data analysis was undertaken according to the outline of Tesch (1990), as stated in Creswell (1994:155). The findings were reported as themes, sub-themes and categories emanating from the data-analysis process. In ensuring the trustworthiness of the findings, the researcher adhered to Guba’s (1981) model (in Krefting, 1991:251). The research findings were subjected to a literature control, and culminated in the compiling of the research report. The research findings centred around the following five themes: · experiences of intervention with HIV and
AIDS clients; · challenges in HIV and
AIDS intervention; · measures to alleviate challenges of HIV and
AIDS intervention; · intervention strategies utilised by social workers; and · suggestions and advice to new social workers. The recommendations resulting from this research project proposed inter alia that social workers need to be trained in specific and specialised areas related to HIV and
AIDS intervention in the health setting, and that the support structures and a holistic multidisciplinary service delivery approach need to be put in place to assist social workers to be able to meet the needs of the clients as well as their own needs. Key Words: participants, clients/patient, qualitative, HIV and
AIDS, experiences, intervention, strategies
Advisors/Committee Members: Pretorius, B M L Dr.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease) – Botswana; AIDS (Disease) – Botswana – Epidemiology; AIDS (Disease) – Botswana – Prevention
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kesamang, L. (2007). Social workers' experiences of HIV and AIDS intervention in Botswana. (Masters Thesis). Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/532
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kesamang, Lefhoko. “Social workers' experiences of HIV and AIDS intervention in Botswana.” 2007. Masters Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10948/532.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kesamang, Lefhoko. “Social workers' experiences of HIV and AIDS intervention in Botswana.” 2007. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Kesamang L. Social workers' experiences of HIV and AIDS intervention in Botswana. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2007. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/532.
Council of Science Editors:
Kesamang L. Social workers' experiences of HIV and AIDS intervention in Botswana. [Masters Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/532
University of Zambia
13.
Mweemba, Aggrey.
Evaluation of Mortality among HIV patients on HAART in Lusaka, Zambia : An observational study
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1600
► To evaluate mortality and determine the causes of death in HIV patients initiating HAART in Lusaka District clinics . Mortality was assessed in first patients…
(more)
▼ To evaluate mortality and determine the causes of death in HIV patients initiating HAART in Lusaka District clinics .
Mortality was assessed in first patients enrolled between May, 2004 and May, 2005 in the Lusaka District Management clinics. Medical charts and interviews with medical staff, who were attending to the patients before they died, were done to ascertain the probable cause of death. For the predictors of death analysis, we estimated Kaplan-Meier probability of survival for those who remained alive on antiretroviral therapy compared to those who died while on ART. To investigate the relationship between those who remained alive on ART and those who died while on ART, we used univariate and multivariate Cox's proportional hazard models, confidence interval (CI) and log-rank tests.
We evaluated 13,672 individuals who were seen in the eight clinics. Of these 8,497 were females (62%) and the median age was 34 years. Patients with CD4 < 50 cells/mm'' and those with CD4 between 51 and 200 cells/mm^ accounted for the majority of patients in all the groups except for "surviving" patients who had "not initiated HAART". A preponderance of patients that died had a BMI < 18.5 kg/m^ and 20kg/m^ for males and females respectively (P-value < 0.0001). Probable causes of death were identified for 294 (44%) of the 670 deaths. In the majority of patients, cause of death could not be determined. Dying at a health centre did not improve the probability of determining the cause of death. For instance, 59 percent of patients that died at a health facility had no diagnosis at the time of death compared to 51 percent for patients that died at home. The cause of death in most cases was attributed to Opportunistic infections. Mortality rate was found to be high in the initial stages of HAART. Ninety seven percent (391) of deaths occurred in the first six months (180 days) of ART initiation (p-value <0.0001). The mortality rate was 21 deaths per 100 person-years (95% CI) in the first month of ART. The rate declined five-fold (4 deaths per 100 person-years; 95%) CI) after one to six months of ART. The mortality rate continued to decline such that after 6 months the rate was 0.43 per 100 person years (95% CI).The overall mortality among patients who were on ART was 4.9 deaths per 100 person-years. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all patients enrolled into the programme showed that WHO stage 3 & 4, baseline CD4<50 cells/mm^ BMI <1 8.5 kg/mm^ haemoglobin < 6.0g/dl were associated with a substantially lower survival probability compared with other patients. Overall WHO stage 3 & 4 diseases and CD4 < 50 cells/mm^ accounted for 86.4 percent (579) and 41.5 percent (278) respectively. In contrast, patients with WHO stage 1 & 2, CD4 >201 cell/mm- Haemoglobin > 6g/dl and BMI > 18.5 kg/m^ had a lower risk of death.
Mortality was high in the early phase of initiation of HAART due to severe immunosuppression and late presentation of patients. Benefits of HAART were noted by declining mortality rates over a period of time. The lack of…
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease) - patients;
AIDS (Disease) – Patients – Zambia;
Aids(disease) – Treatment
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APA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Mweemba, A. (2012). Evaluation of Mortality among HIV patients on HAART in Lusaka, Zambia : An observational study
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1600
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mweemba, Aggrey. “Evaluation of Mortality among HIV patients on HAART in Lusaka, Zambia : An observational study
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1600.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mweemba, Aggrey. “Evaluation of Mortality among HIV patients on HAART in Lusaka, Zambia : An observational study
.” 2012. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Mweemba A. Evaluation of Mortality among HIV patients on HAART in Lusaka, Zambia : An observational study
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1600.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Mweemba A. Evaluation of Mortality among HIV patients on HAART in Lusaka, Zambia : An observational study
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1600
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
14.
Nacidze, Rita Taonga.
Gender differences in livelihood coping strategies of children affected with HIV/AIDS related deaths in a housrhold: a case study of george and Chazanga compounds of Lusaka
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1788
► The study focused only on children who had lost one or both parents in a household and (1) examined the gender differences in livelihood coping…
(more)
▼ The study focused only on children who had lost one or both parents in a household
and (1) examined the gender differences in livelihood coping strategies of children
affected by HIV and AIDS related deaths of a parent(s) in a household (2)
investigated the emotional coping strategies employed by children affected by
HIV/AIDS related deaths of a parent in a household (3) investigated children’s
experiences with regard to meeting their health and education needs in households
affected by HIV/AIDS related deaths of a parent. Data was collected from children
aged 10-20 years old that have experienced HIV and AIDS related deaths of a parent
or parents in a household. Chazanga compound had 264 children on the list and of
these, 154 were females and 110 were males while George compound had 339
children of which 207 were females and 132 were males. The study employed
random sampling, more specically systematic sampling was used.
The overall picture from the findings of the survey was that there were gender
differences in coping strategies of children affected by HIV/AIDS. The study
concluded that boys employed livelihood strategies such as doing piece work and
going on the streets to beg while girls were more into selling and prostitution as a
way of livelihood coping strategies. In addition, the survey also revealed that children
employed different types of emotional coping strategies either positive or negative
ones. The study also concluded that most children had stopped school due to lack of
sponsorship and for some, lack of learning materials such as uniforms and books.
Some of them indicated that they stopped school because they had to generate income
after the death of their parent/parents. It is clear also those children in homes that
have experienced HIV/AIDS related deaths struggle when it comes to health. Most of
them may have access to the health facilities but do not have money to pay for the
prescribed medicines which puts them at a risk of ill health
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS Disease;
Children and death(AIDS disesse)
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APA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Nacidze, R. T. (2012). Gender differences in livelihood coping strategies of children affected with HIV/AIDS related deaths in a housrhold: a case study of george and Chazanga compounds of Lusaka
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1788
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nacidze, Rita Taonga. “Gender differences in livelihood coping strategies of children affected with HIV/AIDS related deaths in a housrhold: a case study of george and Chazanga compounds of Lusaka
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1788.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nacidze, Rita Taonga. “Gender differences in livelihood coping strategies of children affected with HIV/AIDS related deaths in a housrhold: a case study of george and Chazanga compounds of Lusaka
.” 2012. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Nacidze RT. Gender differences in livelihood coping strategies of children affected with HIV/AIDS related deaths in a housrhold: a case study of george and Chazanga compounds of Lusaka
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1788.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Nacidze RT. Gender differences in livelihood coping strategies of children affected with HIV/AIDS related deaths in a housrhold: a case study of george and Chazanga compounds of Lusaka
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1788
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
15.
Ng'onga, Hellen.
Impct of HIV Status Disclosure on the psychological well-being of HIV positive adolescents
.
Degree: 2014, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3243
► Background: Globally the HIV infection status amongst adolescents aged 13 – 24 years estimates high prevalence of infection among adolescents, most without knowing that they…
(more)
▼ Background: Globally the HIV infection status amongst adolescents aged 13 – 24 years estimates high prevalence of infection among adolescents, most without knowing that they are infected; making it difficult for them to access necessary care and support UNICEF (2011). Zambia has recorded equally high prevalence rate though there have been increased numbers of children surviving into adolescents in the era of improved treatment and care (WHO, 2004).Studies suggest that children who knew their HIV status had higher self esteem than children who did not know their status. The study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of disclosure of HIV positive status to HIV positive adolescents and social support on their psychological well-being.Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study. A sample of 80, participants was recruited randomly using the Kth method of randomization from centre of excellence, UTH. Forty with disclosed and 40 undisclosed infection status within the age group 11 to 15 years. The measures used for data collection were; the Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire- Youth version (SDQ-Y)Goodman (1997) to determine the Psychological well-being of HIV positive adolescents with regard to disclosure.Social Support from Friends (PSS - Fr) Weinert at al (1987)was used to measure perceived social support from friends and family with regard to psychological well-being. Both measures have demonstrated both good reliability and validity for use in this study because they have been used before in similar situations with HIV populations.Socio- demographic questionnaire designed for this study was also used for demographic data.Data Analysis: The researcher used the Software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for data analysis. Descriptive statistics included mean and chi square. Comparison between the two status groups was done using the Mann Whitney U – test and the correlation analysis explore the relationship of status disclosure and social support on the psychological well- being.Results: Eighty questionnaires were distributed; 70 were completed and returned, giving a response rate of 87.5%. Forty two (60.0%) of the 70 participants were female and 28 (40.0%) male. Average age was 13.5, the minimum 11 and the maximum 15years.Psychological well-being was calculated by combining the four sub scale scores (except pro-social) and a Mann Whitney U test revealed a very strong significant relationship between status disclosure and psychological well-being; indicating that participants who had their status disclosed to them had a better psychological well-being than the undisclosed groups.A correlations coefficient analysis was conducted to determine the significant relationship between status disclosure and social support on the psychological well-being showed that though there was a weak negative correlation between psychological well-being and social support, the relationship was not significant.Conclusion: This study revealed that there was a strong significant relationship between HIV status disclosure…
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS(Disease)-Patients;
HIV/AIDS-Psychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Ng'onga, H. (2014). Impct of HIV Status Disclosure on the psychological well-being of HIV positive adolescents
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3243
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ng'onga, Hellen. “Impct of HIV Status Disclosure on the psychological well-being of HIV positive adolescents
.” 2014. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3243.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ng'onga, Hellen. “Impct of HIV Status Disclosure on the psychological well-being of HIV positive adolescents
.” 2014. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Ng'onga H. Impct of HIV Status Disclosure on the psychological well-being of HIV positive adolescents
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3243.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ng'onga H. Impct of HIV Status Disclosure on the psychological well-being of HIV positive adolescents
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3243
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Victoria
16.
Sarazin, Francine Fleur-Ange.
Neuropsychological and emotional correlates of HIV infection spectrum disorders.
Degree: Department of Psychology, 2018, University of Victoria
URL: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9469
► Documentation of neurological complications and neuropathological findings arising in most AIDS patients has stimulated the need for an investigation of the brain-behaviour relationship associated with…
(more)
▼ Documentation of neurological complications and neuropathological findings arising in most
AIDS patients has stimulated the need for an investigation of the brain-behaviour relationship associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that a chronic subclinical
AIDS dementia exists in view of the neurotropic quality of HIV. Participants were 59 male homosexuals distributed as follows: 17 healthy HIV seronegative, 14 healthy HIV seropositive, 14
AIDS-Related Complex, and 14
AIDS. They were administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests, including measures of attention, cognition, memory, language, executive, and sensorimotor functions. An examination of the emotional and psychological concomitants was performed using questionnaires of personality (MMPI), anxiety (STAI), and health-related behavioural dysfunction (SIP). Group comparisons were conducted on the basis of Health Status (Healthy vs Nonhealthy) and Medical Diagnosis (HIV-, HIV+, ARC, &
AIDS). Results revealed a significant Health Status effect overall, as well as evidence for a deterioration of higher mental abilities occuring with progression of HIV infection. These findings appear to be independent of the emotional and psychological factors, which are felt to be an integrative part of the
AIDS-Dementia Complex (ADC).
Advisors/Committee Members: Spreen, Otfried (supervisor).
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease), psychological aspects; AIDS-related complex
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APA (6th Edition):
Sarazin, F. F. (2018). Neuropsychological and emotional correlates of HIV infection spectrum disorders. (Thesis). University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9469
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sarazin, Francine Fleur-Ange. “Neuropsychological and emotional correlates of HIV infection spectrum disorders.” 2018. Thesis, University of Victoria. Accessed October 23, 2019.
https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9469.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sarazin, Francine Fleur-Ange. “Neuropsychological and emotional correlates of HIV infection spectrum disorders.” 2018. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Sarazin FF. Neuropsychological and emotional correlates of HIV infection spectrum disorders. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9469.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Sarazin FF. Neuropsychological and emotional correlates of HIV infection spectrum disorders. [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2018. Available from: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9469
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
17.
Bwalya, Jovan.
Evaluation of communication strategies used in encouraging male partners' involvement in elimination of mother to child transmission(EMTCT) of HIV Virus: The case of selected clinics in Nkeyema Rural District
.
Degree: 2015, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4199
► The main objective of this study was to evaluate communication strategies used to encourage male partner involvement in EMTCT. The specific objectives that were targeted…
(more)
▼ The main objective of this study was to evaluate communication strategies used to encourage male partner involvement in EMTCT. The specific objectives that were targeted are as follows: To find out the knowledge levels among clients regarding EMTCT. To examine the effectiveness of messages used to promote male partner involvement in EMTCT. To evaluate the target audience of EMTCT as a way of promoting male partner participation in EMTCT. To assess communication media used to encourage male partners to be fully involved in EMTCT. Phones are not used for communication with about 41% of the participants not use them at all for communication about PMTCT issues.
Most of the people agreed that the message of abstinence when one partner is positive is effective. 43% strongly agreed that Condom use during pregnancy when a partner is positive is effective. A good 64% strongly agreed that HIV testing and counselling for both partner is workable. 45% of the respondents strong agreed that men should also accompany their partners during child delivery. 54% of the respondents strongly agree that men should be directly concerned with breast feeding HIV partner.
The conclusion drawn from a non-parametric test that was carried out was that almost all categorical questions do not occur with equal probabilities. In lay man’s language this means that the responses of the questions had trends. The trends are confirmed in the figures 7-10. This was in exception of the questions; q 22 “the audience is usually segmented according to sex” and q25 iii “how much do you make us of radio in receiving or sending information on issues to do with PMTCT”. The responses to these two questions are equally distributed ie participants didn’t show inclination to either strongly agrees or disagrees. The research findings revealed the following.
In order to realise the intended change of attitude of male partners toward their pregnant partners, church leader, traditional leaders, teachers and headmen should be brought more aboard to contribute toward this goal. Even in the midst of what has been mentioned, health workers still appealed for the improvement of mass media technology in the local clinics.
vi
There is as well need to make public pronouncements and policies through campaigns to encourage male partners get involved in EMTCT. This in a way would act as a continuous mass sensitization and awareness regarding male involvement. In this vein, it is well understood that when you sensitize the leaders like chiefs and indunas you sensitise the whole village. This is because these figures are well respected and so if they become the custodians of information the rest of the masses would find it easier to follow. This sensitization can be extended to school going pupils because Nkeyema is as well know for high rate of early pregnancies among pupils.
The above health workers’ perception were based on study questions that concerned; the presence of communication working groups, whether male involvement is necessary, mechanism of sharing information on…
Subjects/Keywords: Virus Disease in pregnancy;
AIDS(Disease)-Prevention;
AIDS(Disease)-Transmission
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Bwalya, J. (2015). Evaluation of communication strategies used in encouraging male partners' involvement in elimination of mother to child transmission(EMTCT) of HIV Virus: The case of selected clinics in Nkeyema Rural District
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4199
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bwalya, Jovan. “Evaluation of communication strategies used in encouraging male partners' involvement in elimination of mother to child transmission(EMTCT) of HIV Virus: The case of selected clinics in Nkeyema Rural District
.” 2015. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4199.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bwalya, Jovan. “Evaluation of communication strategies used in encouraging male partners' involvement in elimination of mother to child transmission(EMTCT) of HIV Virus: The case of selected clinics in Nkeyema Rural District
.” 2015. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Bwalya J. Evaluation of communication strategies used in encouraging male partners' involvement in elimination of mother to child transmission(EMTCT) of HIV Virus: The case of selected clinics in Nkeyema Rural District
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4199.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Bwalya J. Evaluation of communication strategies used in encouraging male partners' involvement in elimination of mother to child transmission(EMTCT) of HIV Virus: The case of selected clinics in Nkeyema Rural District
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4199
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
18.
Pengele, Maurice.
Assessing the effectiveness of communication methods used for male involvement in preventing mother to child transmission of HIV in selected health centres of Lusaka District
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1453
► This report is from a study whose principal objective was to assess the effectiveness of communication methods used for male involvement in Prevention of Mother…
(more)
▼ This report is from a study whose principal objective was to assess the effectiveness of communication methods used for male involvement in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV activities in health centres of Lusaka district. The study undertook to find out how much the male folk knew about PMTCT and to what extent they were involved in PMTCT activities. It also established the types of communication methods used for men to know that their spouses were HIV positive and the necessary activities aimed at preventing the HIV virus from being passed on to the baby. Fortunately, a lot of women shared that their spouses knew that they were HIV positive and that most of them learnt about PMTCT from health centres and through interpersonal communication with their women. The study also revealed that some women were scared to inform their spouses that they were HIV positive. Actually, respondents expressed fear that low male involvement in PMTCT activities would hinder the uptake of key PMTCT services such as maternal and infant Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, prevention of HIV re-infections, health centre delivery of HIV exposed babies, and infant feeding options and practices. Indeed, the study revealed that there were no robust communication strategies for active male participation in PMTCT activities. It is, therefore, recommended that there should be continuous sensitization on PMTCT targeted at men and this should be through the use of mass media and targeted discussion fora. Furthermore, male involvement communication efforts should concentrate on making men appreciate that it is their responsibility to ensure that their children are born HIV free. Lastly, but not the least, the fight for male involvement should be a continuous process aimed at ensuring that more and more men acquire knowledge in PMTCT and play their expected roles in reducing HIV prevalence in children.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease) in infants;
AIDS- Prevention;
Pediatric AIDS;
AIDS (Disease) in pregnancy
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APA ·
Chicago ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Pengele, M. (2012). Assessing the effectiveness of communication methods used for male involvement in preventing mother to child transmission of HIV in selected health centres of Lusaka District
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1453
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pengele, Maurice. “Assessing the effectiveness of communication methods used for male involvement in preventing mother to child transmission of HIV in selected health centres of Lusaka District
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1453.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pengele, Maurice. “Assessing the effectiveness of communication methods used for male involvement in preventing mother to child transmission of HIV in selected health centres of Lusaka District
.” 2012. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Pengele M. Assessing the effectiveness of communication methods used for male involvement in preventing mother to child transmission of HIV in selected health centres of Lusaka District
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1453.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Pengele M. Assessing the effectiveness of communication methods used for male involvement in preventing mother to child transmission of HIV in selected health centres of Lusaka District
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1453
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
19.
Nkole, Theresa.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1421
► In most developed countries HIV testing, use of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and modification of feeding practices have greatly reduced the rate of mother to child…
(more)
▼ In most developed countries HIV testing, use of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and modification of feeding practices have greatly reduced the rate of mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 though this is not the case in many African countries. In Zambia, prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services has been introduced in nearly all public health institutions. Proper implementation of these services however, requires adequate knowledge and appropriate attitudes and practices (KAPs) on the part of the healthcare providers. The objective of this study was to assess the KAPs regarding PMTCT among healthcare providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinic.This was an interviewer-administered questionnaire-based cross sectional study conducted at the University Teaching Hospital's Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology as well as in Maternal and Child Health and maternity departments of four randomly selected clinics in the Lusaka Urban District, namely: Chilenje, Mtendere, Matero Reference, and George clinics. The participants were doctors, midwives, and general nurses in these facilities. Information was obtained on interventions for prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, negative and positive attitudes towards PMTCT, willingness to care for HIV infected pregnant women, practice of known interventions for PMTCT and perception of risk of acquiring occupational infection by the healthcare providers.Knowledge levels on PMTCT was variable (mean composite scores were in the 60-70% range, though only 45% knew of the risk during delivery and 19% through breastfeeding; almost 50% knew of an ARV prophylaxis regimen and 63% when to initiate ARVs). There was no statistically significant difference in mean scores by facility (UTH/Clinics), though younger, university trained providers (doctors) had better knowledge. Attitudes towards PMTCT were good (95%). Most providers (98%) were willing to care for HIV infected women and were not afraid of occupational infection. Ninety nine percent perceived the PMTCT programme to be very important. However they felt that there was not enough time to give to PMTCT (53.6%).This was possibly due to staff shortages. Most (80%) of the providers interviewed perceived the workload associated with PMTCT to be too much. The practice of PMTCT interventions was acceptable (89.3 percent offering voluntary counseling and testing; 93 percent offered ARVs for prophylaxis and 86.4 percent offering infant feeding counseling). Although caesarean section was not in the Zambian guidelines for PMTCT, 98.6 percent said they offered it as an option for delivery. However only 44.3 percent reported that they were offering safer obstetric practices and only 40.7 percent offered PCR testing.The study showed gaps in knowledge, attitudes, and practice on PMTCT amongst health care providers at UTH and in Lusaka urban clinics. Without further training and increase in staffing levels, the quality of and access to PMTCT services will likely be negatively impacted.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS(Disease) in Children;
AIDS(Disease) in Children;
AIDS(Disease) in Pregnancy
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APA ·
Chicago ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Nkole, T. (2012). Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1421
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nkole, Theresa. “Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1421.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nkole, Theresa. “Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics
.” 2012. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Nkole T. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1421.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Nkole T. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1421
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Johannesburg
20.
Van Biljon, H.
Vigs in die werksomgewing : ekonomiese, politiese en etiese oorwegings in die Suid-Afrikaanse mynboubedryf.
Degree: 2014, University of Johannesburg
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10749
► M.Com. (Business Management)
HIV/AIDS infection is becoming one of the greatest threats the world has had to face the past century. opinions on the subject…
(more)
▼ M.Com. (Business Management)
HIV/AIDS infection is becoming one of the greatest threats the world has had to face the past century. opinions on the subject vary from doomsday scenarios to those that feel that it will just pass as another storm in a teacup, without having any real effect on society. since the indications are there that it is especially the economically active that are exposed to the infection, top management cannot take the chance of ignoring the issue. Unfortunately this seems to be the case in South Africa, with the awakening of the new South Africa, new economic and political opportunities are openlng up for the country. Business leaders cannot allow AIDS to jeopardise these opportunities. Because HIV/AIDS can take more than ten years before becoming visible, most societies, firms and even governments are still only paying lip service in dealing with the matter. AIDS has devastating economic consequences for affected individuals and their families. If the experience of other countries, and current trends in south Africa are any indication, there is likely to be increasing discrimination in the work place, resulting in large numbers of those who are HIV positive losing their jobs. The burden on families who have to care for, and bury people dying of Aids, and consequently those who lose breadwinners, will be enormous. This will be aggravated by unemployment, by inadequate social support services and transfer payments, by discrimination of access to insurance and housing, and by the predicted inability of the health services to offer adequate care to affected individuals, and support of their families. HIV/AIDS is a reality for any work environment. It is therefore of vital importance for management to take cognisance of the important aspects in dealing with the problem. A formal AIDS policy is the only effective solution to prevent discriminatory practices in the workplace. Finally, and most importantly, the AIDS epidemic in south Africa will be a terrible, and enormous human tragedy, through the potentially avoidable loss of hundreds of thousands, and ultimately, millions of lives. In this study, the major implications of AIDS to be considered in company policy, dealing with the AIDS problem in the workplace and in particular the mining industry, are dealt with.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease) - Economic aspects; AIDS (Disease) - Political aspects; AIDS (Disease) - Patients - Professional ethics
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APA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Van Biljon, H. (2014). Vigs in die werksomgewing : ekonomiese, politiese en etiese oorwegings in die Suid-Afrikaanse mynboubedryf. (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10749
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Van Biljon, H. “Vigs in die werksomgewing : ekonomiese, politiese en etiese oorwegings in die Suid-Afrikaanse mynboubedryf.” 2014. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10749.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Van Biljon, H. “Vigs in die werksomgewing : ekonomiese, politiese en etiese oorwegings in die Suid-Afrikaanse mynboubedryf.” 2014. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Van Biljon H. Vigs in die werksomgewing : ekonomiese, politiese en etiese oorwegings in die Suid-Afrikaanse mynboubedryf. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10749.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Van Biljon H. Vigs in die werksomgewing : ekonomiese, politiese en etiese oorwegings in die Suid-Afrikaanse mynboubedryf. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10749
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of KwaZulu-Natal
21.
Abdool Karim, Quarraisha.
HIV/AIDS epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment.
Degree: 2006, University of KwaZulu-Natal
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8856
► The HIV-1 pandemic is a complex mix of diverse epidemics within and between countries and regions of the world, and is undoubtedly the defining public-health…
(more)
▼ The HIV-1 pandemic is a complex mix of diverse epidemics within and between countries and regions of the world,
and is undoubtedly the defining public-health crisis of our time. Research has deepened our understanding of how
the virus replicates, manipulates, and hides in an infected person. Although our understanding of pathogenesis and
transmission dynamics has become more nuanced and prevention options have expanded, a cure or protective vaccine
remains elusive. Antiretroviral treatment has transformed AIDS from an inevitably fatal condition to a chronic,
manageable disease in some settings. This transformation has yet to be realised in those parts of the world that
continue to bear a disproportionate burden of new HIV-1 infections and are most affected by increasing morbidity
and mortality. This Seminar provides an update on epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention
interventions pertinent to HIV-1.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease) – Pathogenesis.; AIDS (Disease) – Prevention.; AIDS (Disease) – Treatment.; AIDS (Disease) – Epidemiology.; HIV infections – Pathogenesis.; HIV infections – Epidemiology.; HIV infections – Transmission.
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APA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Abdool Karim, Q. (2006). HIV/AIDS epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment. (Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8856
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Abdool Karim, Quarraisha. “HIV/AIDS epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment.” 2006. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8856.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Abdool Karim, Quarraisha. “HIV/AIDS epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment.” 2006. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Abdool Karim Q. HIV/AIDS epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2006. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8856.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Abdool Karim Q. HIV/AIDS epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment. [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8856
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of KwaZulu-Natal
22.
Dolo, Meiko Josephine.
The role of spirituality in the life of people living with HIV/AIDS.
Degree: M.N., Nursing, 2006, University of KwaZulu-Natal
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4355
► The purpose of the study was to explore the role of spirituality in the lives of people living with HIV/AIDS, which was aimed at exploring…
(more)
▼ The purpose of the study was to explore the role of spirituality in the lives of people
living with HIV/
AIDS, which was aimed at exploring the different spiritual beliefs held
by that group of people and the importance of those beliefs in helping them to live with
HIV/
AIDS. A qualitative approach, using an exploratory research design was undertaken
using twenty-five purposefully selected participants from the support group of people
living with HIV/
AIDS at Philani Clinic in King Edward VIII Hospital in Durban. Data
were collected by utilizing focus-group interviews followed by one-on-one individual
interviews. An audio tape recorder was used to record the interviews. Field notes and
memos were also kept to strengthen the data and to ensure trustworthiness.
The socio-demographic characteristics of participants were analyzed using the Statistical
Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 11.5) for Windows; the results are displayed in the
form of tables, graphs, percentages and presented in the methodology section of chapter
three. The qualitative data were transcribed and analyzed manually by assembling the
transcript from each interview and utilized to form major themes, sub-themes, categories
and sub-categories that emerged from the data. In this study spirituality was described as
a four-dimensional cognitive (mental) relationship with the transcendent being/higher
power/ultimate reality, a relationship of love, forgiveness and connectedness that is
reinforced by one's belief system. The result of this relationship is the achievement of
inner peace, which produced a general sense of wellness that is usually subjective.
General wellness could be physical health, mental health, acceptance of things that one
cannot change and quality of life. Common themes identified from the sample included
spirituality, defined as a personal relationship with God or a higher power that facilitates
love, forgivingness and connectedness; taking precaution, respecting the elders and
believing in God for everything. HIV/
AIDS was found not to be a curse from God, but an
ordinary illness, even though other participants believed that it was God's plan to bring
humanity back to Him, while others believed that it was a blessing. The study also found that HIV/
AIDS could be prevented through the continuous use of condoms, faithfulness
in marriage and abstinence, but some believed that its cure could only come from God
after the accomplishment of the purpose for which He allowed the infection. However
some study participants believed that the cure would be discovered through research. The
benefit of the spiritual belief that helped participants to cope with the infection was the
achievement of inner peace, which was achieved through restoration of relationships.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mahlungulu, Sarah Nomalizo (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Nursing.; AIDS (Disease) – Prevention.
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APA (6th Edition):
Dolo, M. J. (2006). The role of spirituality in the life of people living with HIV/AIDS. (Masters Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4355
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dolo, Meiko Josephine. “The role of spirituality in the life of people living with HIV/AIDS.” 2006. Masters Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4355.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dolo, Meiko Josephine. “The role of spirituality in the life of people living with HIV/AIDS.” 2006. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Dolo MJ. The role of spirituality in the life of people living with HIV/AIDS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2006. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4355.
Council of Science Editors:
Dolo MJ. The role of spirituality in the life of people living with HIV/AIDS. [Masters Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4355
University of Zululand
23.
Xaba, Thembisile Elsie.
Perception of AIDS by Esikhawini community
.
Degree: 1991, University of Zululand
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1316
► The aims of the study are to ascertain how much knowledge, members of the community possess with regards to: causes of AIDS, modes of transmission…
(more)
▼ The aims of the study are to ascertain how much knowledge, members of the community possess with regards to: causes of
AIDS, modes of transmission of
AIDS, precautionary measures to be takes to prevent
AIDS, and to explore community members recommendations regarding
AIDS education.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mashaba, T.G (advisor), Sibaya, P.T (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease)
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APA (6th Edition):
Xaba, T. E. (1991). Perception of AIDS by Esikhawini community
. (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1316
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Xaba, Thembisile Elsie. “Perception of AIDS by Esikhawini community
.” 1991. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1316.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Xaba, Thembisile Elsie. “Perception of AIDS by Esikhawini community
.” 1991. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Xaba TE. Perception of AIDS by Esikhawini community
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 1991. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1316.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Xaba TE. Perception of AIDS by Esikhawini community
. [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 1991. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1316
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Utah
24.
Gupta, Kavita Madanlal.
Novel Technologies for Vaginal Delivery of Microbicides.
Degree: PhD, Bioengineering;, 2009, University of Utah
URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/1239/rec/823
► There is a pressing need for microbicides—vaginally applied drug delivery systems that create a pharmacological barrier to HIV—to prevent the male-tofemale sexual transmission of HIV.…
(more)
▼ There is a pressing need for microbicides—vaginally applied drug delivery systems that create a pharmacological barrier to HIV—to prevent the male-tofemale sexual transmission of HIV. Numerous antiretroviral agents with a wide range of mechanisms of inhibiting HIV are under development. Delivery systems are required that complement the antiviral agents through maximizing their safety, efficacy and user adherence within cost constraints such that they are affordable in resource poor nations with high HIV prevalence. To this end, three drug delivery systems were engineered for microbicide application in this thesis. The first delivery system was designed to promote uniform distribution and retention of the antivirals in the vaginal lumen, and provide semen triggered delivery into semen—the carrier of HIV in male-to-female sexual transmission. The delivery system consisted of a temperature and pH sensitive gel composed of a terpolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide, acrylic acid and butyl methacrylate. The neutralization of acidic pH in the vagina upon exposure to semen was used as the trigger to release the active agents from the terpolymer gel. The thermosensitive design employed was such that the delivery vehicle is applied as a liquid at room temperature to allow uniform coating, and gels postapplication to promote retention. In vitro characterizations under simulated physiological conditions confirmed that the designed system was liquid at room temperature, gels as the temperature is increased from room to body temperature, and provides burst release of active agents upon exposure to semen fluid simulant. The second and third systems were intravaginal rings (IVRs) for sustained delivery of dapivirine, a potent inhibitor of HIV replication after the virus has entered the host cells. A sustained delivery of replication inhibitors is pursued to allow enough time for antiviral drugs to diffuse into the vaginal epithelium and ensure that inhibitory concentrations are established before the viral attack. Monolithic IVRs were fabricated from biomedical grade polyurethanes and degradable polyurethanes synthesized with hydrolytically labile ester groups in the polymer backbone. The ability of the utilized polyurethane matrix to provide a zero-order delivery of dapivirine enabled a monolithic design that can be manufactured using a cost-effective melt extrusion procedure. The inexpensive IVR design loaded with a potent drug and with the high user adherence associated with IVRs offer a promising solution for an effective microbicide.
Subjects/Keywords: Drug Delivery Systems; AIDS (Disease)
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Gupta, K. M. (2009). Novel Technologies for Vaginal Delivery of Microbicides. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/1239/rec/823
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gupta, Kavita Madanlal. “Novel Technologies for Vaginal Delivery of Microbicides.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Utah. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/1239/rec/823.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gupta, Kavita Madanlal. “Novel Technologies for Vaginal Delivery of Microbicides.” 2009. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Gupta KM. Novel Technologies for Vaginal Delivery of Microbicides. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Utah; 2009. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/1239/rec/823.
Council of Science Editors:
Gupta KM. Novel Technologies for Vaginal Delivery of Microbicides. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Utah; 2009. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd2/id/1239/rec/823
University of KwaZulu-Natal
25.
[No author].
The doctrine of informed consent and mandatory testing for HIV : legal and ethical implications.
Degree: 2014, University of KwaZulu-Natal
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/13216
► This paper investigates the doctrine of informed consent and mandatory testing with reference to the legal and ethical implications for HIV. The doctrine of informed…
(more)
▼ This paper investigates the doctrine of informed consent and mandatory testing with reference to the legal and ethical implications for HIV. The doctrine of informed consent is entrenched in South African law through the constitution, legislation and the common law. The doctrine provides that medical treatment can only be administered to a person if he has given informed consent according to certain requirements. These requirements have also been endorsed in the rules of medical professional bodies. The doctrine of informed consent is applied to testing for HIV and the rules to be followed when a person is tested for HIV. Recognition is given to the fact that there are exceptions to informed consent. These exceptions are examined, one of them being mandatory testing.
Mandatory testing is an exception to informed consent where the rights of a third party stand to be infringed. Due to the high HIV infection rate in South Africa, this paper examines whether there is a need to implement legislation for mandatory testing for HIV without the option to opt-out. Focus is placed on the need for testing with an opt-out option for all persons requiring medical treatment. This has to be done in the context of the constitution, legislation and the common law.
The impact that a mandatory testing policy may have on the freedoms and rights of the patient, is also investigated such as the right to privacy, confidentiality, and bodily integrity. This paper concludes that South Africa has the highest rate of HIV infection in the world and exceptionalism, poor uptake of voluntary counselling and testing and extensive informed consent rules have hindered progress in the fight against HIV/
AIDS. This paper recommends opt-out testing for all persons requiring medical treatment, a multi-layered approach to HIV testing and a simplified informed consent process without compromising patient autonomy. The introduction of new laws for mandatory testing for HIV is not recommended as it is a violation of a person‟s constitutional rights and freedoms.
Advisors/Committee Members: McQuoid-Mason, David Jan (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease);
AIDS (Disease) – Patients.;
AIDS (Disease) – Prevention.;
AIDS (Disease) – Law and legislation – South Africa.;
Thesis – Medical law.
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
author], [. (2014). The doctrine of informed consent and mandatory testing for HIV : legal and ethical implications.
(Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10413/13216
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
author], [No. “The doctrine of informed consent and mandatory testing for HIV : legal and ethical implications.
” 2014. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10413/13216.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
author], [No. “The doctrine of informed consent and mandatory testing for HIV : legal and ethical implications.
” 2014. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
author] [. The doctrine of informed consent and mandatory testing for HIV : legal and ethical implications.
[Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/13216.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
author] [. The doctrine of informed consent and mandatory testing for HIV : legal and ethical implications.
[Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/13216
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of KwaZulu-Natal
26.
[No author].
HIV disease progression in the first year after delivery among african women followed in the HPTN 046 clinical trial.
Degree: 2013, University of KwaZulu-Natal
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a2123a
► Background: Starting lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected pregnant women may decrease HIV progression and transmission, but adherence after delivery may be difficult, especially for…
(more)
▼ Background: Starting lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected pregnant women may decrease HIV progression and transmission, but adherence after delivery may be difficult, especially for asymptomatic women. We evaluated disease progression among HIV-infected women not on ART with CD4⁺ lymphocyte counts above 200 cells per microliter at delivery.
Methods: We analyzed risk of death, progression to AIDS (stage IV or CD4 < 200 cells per microliter), or to CD4⁺ count <350 1 year after delivery among postpartum women enrolled to a prevention of breastfeeding transmission trial using the Kaplan–Meier method. In the primary analysis, women were censored if ART was initiated.
Results: Among 1285 women who were not WHO stage IV or less at 6 weeks postpartum, 49 (4.3%) progressed to stage IV/CD4 <200 cells per microliter or death by 1 year. Progression to CD4 <200 cells per microliter or death occurred among 16 (4.3%) of 441 women with CD4 count of 350–549 cells per microliter and 10 (1.6%) of 713 with CD4 counts >550 cells per microliter at delivery. CD4 <350 cells per microliter by 12 months postpartum occurred among 116 (37.0%) of 350 women with CD4 count 400–549 cells per microliter and 48 (7.4%) of 713 with CD4 count >550 cells per microliter at delivery.
Conclusions: Progression to AIDS or CD4 count <350 cells per microliter is uncommon through 1 year postpartum for women with CD4 counts over 550 cells per microliter at delivery, but occurred in over one third of those with CD4 counts under 550 cells per microliter. ART should be continued after delivery or breastfeeding among women with CD4 counts <550 cells per microliter if follow-up and antiretroviral adherence can be maintained.
Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease) in pregnancy.;
AIDS (Disease) in women – Prevention.;
AIDS (Disease) in women – Africa.;
AIDS (Disease) in women – Treatment.
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
author], [. (2013). HIV disease progression in the first year after delivery among african women followed in the HPTN 046 clinical trial.
(Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a2123a
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
author], [No. “HIV disease progression in the first year after delivery among african women followed in the HPTN 046 clinical trial.
” 2013. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a2123a.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
author], [No. “HIV disease progression in the first year after delivery among african women followed in the HPTN 046 clinical trial.
” 2013. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
author] [. HIV disease progression in the first year after delivery among african women followed in the HPTN 046 clinical trial.
[Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2013. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a2123a.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
author] [. HIV disease progression in the first year after delivery among african women followed in the HPTN 046 clinical trial.
[Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2013. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a2123a
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of KwaZulu-Natal
27.
[No author].
Modelling acute HIV infection using longitudinally measured biomarker data including informative drop-out.
Degree: 2009, University of KwaZulu-Natal
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/690
► Background. Numerous methods have been developed to model longitudinal data. In HIV/AIDS studies, HIV markers, CD4+ count and viral load are measured over time. Informative…
(more)
▼ Background.
Numerous methods have been developed to model longitudinal data. In HIV/
AIDS studies, HIV markers, CD4+ count and viral load are measured over time. Informative drop-out and the lower detection limit of viral load assays can bias the results and influence assumptions of the models. Objective The objective of this thesis is to describe the evolution of HIV markers in an HIV-1 subtype C acutely infected cohort of women from the CAPRISA 002: Acute Infection Study in Durban, South Africa. They were HIV treatment naive.
Methods.
Various linear mixed models were fitted to both CD4+ count and viral load, adjusting for repeated measurements, as well as including intercept and slope as random effects. The rate of change in each of the HIV markers was assessed using weeks post infection as both a linear effect and piecewise linear effects. Left-censoring of viral load was explored to account for missing data resulting from undetectable measurements falling below the lower detection limit of the assay. Informative drop- out was addressed by using a method of joint modelling in which a longitudinal and survival model were jointly linked using a latent Gaussian process. The progression of HIV markers were described and the effectiveness and usefulness of each modelling procedure was evaluated.
Results.
62 women were followed for a median of 29 months post infection (IQR 20-39). Viral load increased sharply by 2.6 log copies/ml per week in the first 2 weeks of infection and decreased by 0.4 log copies/ml per week the next fortnight. It decreased at a slower rate thereafter. Similarly CD4+ count fell in the first 2 weeks by 4.4 square root cells/ul per week then recovered slightly only to decrease again. Left-censoring was unnecessary in this acute infection cohort as few viral load measures were below the detection limit and provided no improvement on model fit.
Conclusion.
Piecewise linear effects proved to be useful in quantifying the degree at which the HIV markers progress during the first few weeks of HIV infection, whereas modelling time as a linear effect was not very meaningful. Modelling HIV markers jointly with informative drop-out is shown to be necessary to account for the missing data incurred from participants leaving the study to initiate ARV treatment. In ignoring this drop-out, CD4+ count is estimated to be higher than what it actually is.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mwambi, Henry G (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections.;
AIDS (Disease)
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
author], [. (2009). Modelling acute HIV infection using longitudinally measured biomarker data including informative drop-out.
(Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10413/690
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
author], [No. “Modelling acute HIV infection using longitudinally measured biomarker data including informative drop-out.
” 2009. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/10413/690.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
author], [No. “Modelling acute HIV infection using longitudinally measured biomarker data including informative drop-out.
” 2009. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
author] [. Modelling acute HIV infection using longitudinally measured biomarker data including informative drop-out.
[Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2009. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/690.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
author] [. Modelling acute HIV infection using longitudinally measured biomarker data including informative drop-out.
[Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/690
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
28.
Banda, Joseph Stephen.
Pleural effusion and human immunodefeciency virus infection in adult Zambians : a clinical and laboratory study
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1559
► A Clinical and laboratory study was carried out on 80 adult Zambian patients with pleural effusion in order to determine common features and to establish…
(more)
▼ A Clinical and laboratory study was carried out on 80 adult Zambian patients with pleural effusion in order to determine common features and to establish any association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka. No such a study had been done before in Zambia (before or after the advent of the HIV epidemic).
Of those patients with pleural effusion tested for retroviral infection 53/64 (82.81%) were found to be HIV-seropositive, aged between 15 and 50 years and about equally distributed between both sexes. They all had a poor socioeconomic background coming from crowded highdensity residential areas. No history of tuberculosis contact was available in 61/80 (76.25%) patients suggesting endogenous reactivation of dormant infection in these cases.
Lympadenopathy, nail changes, hair changes, dermatoses, atypical Kaposis Sarcoma, Herpes Zoster and Oral Candidiasis had a high predictive value (over 80%) for HIV infection, and 29/80 (36.25%) actually fulfilled the WHO clinical criteria for the diagnosis of AIDS/ARC in developing countries.
Subjects/Keywords: Plueral effusions – Zambia;
Aids(disease)
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APA (6th Edition):
Banda, J. S. (2012). Pleural effusion and human immunodefeciency virus infection in adult Zambians : a clinical and laboratory study
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1559
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Banda, Joseph Stephen. “Pleural effusion and human immunodefeciency virus infection in adult Zambians : a clinical and laboratory study
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1559.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Banda, Joseph Stephen. “Pleural effusion and human immunodefeciency virus infection in adult Zambians : a clinical and laboratory study
.” 2012. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Banda JS. Pleural effusion and human immunodefeciency virus infection in adult Zambians : a clinical and laboratory study
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1559.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Banda JS. Pleural effusion and human immunodefeciency virus infection in adult Zambians : a clinical and laboratory study
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1559
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
29.
Kasote, Charity.
Challenges of HIV and AIDS counselling in basic schools: a case of Mazabuka basic schools,Mazabuka district,Zambia
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1842
► The study aimed at investigating the challenges of HIV and AIDS counseling in Basic Schools as expressed by the District Guidance and Counseling Coordinator, School…
(more)
▼ The study aimed at investigating the challenges of HIV and AIDS counseling in Basic Schools as expressed by the District Guidance and Counseling Coordinator, School Managers, Guidance and Counseling Teachers, Class Teachers and learners. It also examined the conditions of the counseling rooms as well as record keeping.
The study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods, though qualitative method was largely used. It took a form of descriptive research design. The respondents consisted of 129 purposively selected individuals in Mazabuka Basic Schools (72 class teachers, 8 school managers, 8 guidance and counseling teachers or school counselors and 40 learners) as well as the District Guidance and Counseling Coordinator.
Relevant data were collected with the use of structured and unstructured interviews, observations and focus group discussions. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as thematic analysis.
The results of the study indicated that most of the Guidance and Counseling Teachers (90 percent) were not trained in the field of HIV and AIDS. Only 13.6 percent of the Basic Schools had counseling rooms against 86.4 percent, which did not have this facility. The study also revealed that no counseling session records were kept by all the guidance and counseling teachers. It was also found that 4.5 percent of the guidance and counseling teachers had a light teaching load that could allow them to work effectively as HIV and AIDS school counselors. Only 2.3 percent of teachers were said to be coordinating effectively with the school counselors concerning HIV-positive status of pupils in their class and only 2.3 percent of the teachers were coordinating with the parents of HIV-positive pupils. It was further found that no pupils in all the Basic Schools went for HIV and AIDS counseling. Lastly, the results revealed that monitoring or supervision of the HIV and AIDS counseling services was not adequate.
The study concluded that HIV and AIDS counseling was not effective in Basic Schools due to various challenges. These included: insufficient trained staff in the field of HIV and AIDS, teachers having a heavy workload and having no extra time allocated for HIV and AIDS related programmes, lack of materials and resources; HIV prevention and AIDS management not regarded as priority in some schools; focus was often on awareness and dissemination of HIV and AIDS information and not on life- skills and capacity building; cultural issues; learners not trusting their teachers; lack of confidentiality, privacy and secrecy; no record keeping and inadequate supervision of HIV and AIDS related counseling services. Based on the findings of the study, there is need for Guidance and Counseling Teachers to be trained in the field of HIV and AIDS related issues, school managers need to ensure that they provide suitable rooms for guidance and counseling and learners to be sensitized about the functions of the guidance and counseling office.
Subjects/Keywords: Couselling(AIDS Disease;
Health counselling
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APA (6th Edition):
Kasote, C. (2012). Challenges of HIV and AIDS counselling in basic schools: a case of Mazabuka basic schools,Mazabuka district,Zambia
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1842
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kasote, Charity. “Challenges of HIV and AIDS counselling in basic schools: a case of Mazabuka basic schools,Mazabuka district,Zambia
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1842.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kasote, Charity. “Challenges of HIV and AIDS counselling in basic schools: a case of Mazabuka basic schools,Mazabuka district,Zambia
.” 2012. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Kasote C. Challenges of HIV and AIDS counselling in basic schools: a case of Mazabuka basic schools,Mazabuka district,Zambia
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1842.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kasote C. Challenges of HIV and AIDS counselling in basic schools: a case of Mazabuka basic schools,Mazabuka district,Zambia
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1842
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
30.
Chanda, Chama.
''Perceptions and beliefs of University and College student towards male circumcision in Lusaka''
.
Degree: 2013, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3157
► Background: Data from a range of observational epidemiological studies, conducted since the mid-1980s, showed that circumcised men have a lower prevalence of HIV than those…
(more)
▼ Background: Data from a range of observational epidemiological studies, conducted since the mid-1980s, showed that circumcised men have a lower prevalence of HIV than those who are uncircumcised. Furthermore recent randomized controlled trials have presented a myriad of data pointing to substantial health benefits from scaling-up male circumcision in Zambia, due to its high HIV prevalence and low rates of male circumcision.Study Objective: The study was conducted to gain insights into the perceptions and beliefs about Male circumcision among University and college students in Lusaka, Zambia Materials and methods: Data collection included completion of a demographic form (See Annex) by each participant followed by the focus group discussions. Four focus group discussions with between 6 and 8 participants were conducted (See Table.1The focus group discussions were audio taped. One tape recorder was used at each discussion to provide backup recordings to the written scripts. Additionally, data was collected through in depth interviews with the aid of the semi-structured questionnaire. The participants in the focus group discussions recommended 10 participants for the in depth interviews, 6 and 4 participants from Evelyn Hone College and University of Zambia respectively.Results: Manifest content of the study findings suggests that there is a remarkable and consistent trend in the way that Medical Male Circumcision is perceived amongst college and university student. They present virtually universal knowledge about the procedure, its practice, where it should be conducted, the facts about circumcision and what the prevailing untruths are about the procedure. The female respondents approve of male circumcision for males of all ages. They were quite conservative in their speech where to express themselves adequately they would have to be coerced for example, into explicitly referring to the male sex organ as a penis.They are convinced that men are mainly going for circumcision because they have learnt that when you go for circumcision, the risk of contracting HIV and AIDS is reduced. However for them, the manifest issue was about enhanced hygiene for which they preferred a circumcised men to one who was not.
Conclusions: The results from this particular study suggest that most young male adults are willing to go for circumcision and for the correct reasons as stipulated in the clearing house on “Basic facts about Circumcision”. In their opinion the main aspect which may limit scale up of circumcision would be lack of services as near to the prospective clients as possible and lack of sufficient information about male circumcision in various sections of society. The female students have grasped the opportunity and have become partners in their counterpart’s health seeking behavior. They are aware that there are indirect benefits for them when their male partners have undergone circumcision.Limitations:
1. Sample size was relatively small because like in this study, data collection methods in qualitative research are often…
Subjects/Keywords: Circumcision;
AIDS(Disease)-Prevention
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APA (6th Edition):
Chanda, C. (2013). ''Perceptions and beliefs of University and College student towards male circumcision in Lusaka''
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3157
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chanda, Chama. “''Perceptions and beliefs of University and College student towards male circumcision in Lusaka''
.” 2013. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed October 23, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3157.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chanda, Chama. “''Perceptions and beliefs of University and College student towards male circumcision in Lusaka''
.” 2013. Web. 23 Oct 2019.
Vancouver:
Chanda C. ''Perceptions and beliefs of University and College student towards male circumcision in Lusaka''
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2013. [cited 2019 Oct 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3157.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Chanda C. ''Perceptions and beliefs of University and College student towards male circumcision in Lusaka''
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3157
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
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