subject:(A gambiae)

Université Montpellier II

1. Tchioffo Tsapi, Majoline. Interactions génomes - environnement dans le système vectoriel Anopheles gambiae / P. falciparum : rôle de la flore microbienne du moustique dans la modulation du développement de P. falciparum : Genomes - environment interactions in the Anopheles gambiae vector system / P. falciparum : the role of the mosquito bacterial flora in the modulation of P. falciparum development.

Degree: Docteur es, Biologie Santé, 2013, Université Montpellier II

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20167

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Le parasite Plasmodium falciparum, responsable des formes graves du paludisme chez l'homme, est transmis par Anopheles gambiae, son principal vecteur en Afrique sub-saharienne. Les nouvelles… (more)

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Le parasite Plasmodium falciparum, responsable des formes graves du paludisme chez l'homme, est transmis par Anopheles gambiae, son principal vecteur en Afrique sub-saharienne. Les nouvelles stratégies de lutte contre la maladie visent à limiter ou à interrompre le développement du parasite chez le moustique vecteur, et il est donc nécessaire d'améliorer notre compréhension des interactions entre le vecteur, son environnement et le parasite. L'objectif de ce projet de thèse a été de caractériser la flore microbienne du vecteur An. gambiae en conditions naturelles de transmission, d'étudier le rôle des principales espèces bactériennes colonisant l'estomac du moustique sur le développement de P. falciparum et de mesurer l'influence des bactéries sur la réponse immunitaire des moustiques femelles et leur capacité à transmettre le parasite. Pour mener à bien ce projet, nous avons collecté des populations de moustiques sauvages au Cameroun pour la caractérisation de la flore microbienne, nous avons ensuite exposé des moustiques de la colonie de laboratoire Ngousso à des cultures bactériennes puis infecté ces moustiques avec des isolats naturels de P. falciparum. Notre étude a montré que les souches bactériennes naturelles de l'intestin du moustique Serratia, Pseudomonas et Escherichia réduisaient la prévalence et l'intensité de l'infection et que le degré d'inhibition variait selon les taxons bactériens et les porteurs de gamétocytes. L'analyse des flores bactériennes des différents épithéliums de l'insecte par pyroséquençage a révélé des similarités entre la flore intestinale et celles retrouvées dans les ovaires et les glandes salivaires pour un même moustique. Les analyses d'expression suggèrent que la régulation de l'expression des gènes l'immunité par les bactéries intestinales pourrait participer à la modulation de la réponse antiplasmodiale. Les mécanismes impliqués dans les interactions bactéries-Plasmodium-vecteur sont complexes et multifactorielle et la modélisation de l'ensemble des interactions qui permettent à P. falciparum d'accomplir son cycle chez le moustique vecteur sera nécessaire pour envisager de nouvelles méthodes de lutte efficaces et durables.

Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite responsible for the severe form of malaria, is transmitted by Anopheles gambiae, its major vector in sub-Saharan Africa. Novel strategies for malaria control envision interrupting the sporogonic development in An. gambiae, then it is important to better understand vector*environment*parasite interactions that underlie parasite transmission. The aim of this project was to characterize the microbial flora of An. gambiae in natural conditions, to study the role of the main bacterial strains on sporogonic development using natural isolates of parasites and to measure the influence of bacterial exposure on the mosquito immunity and its successive ability to transmit P. falciparum. To carry out this project, we used wild mosquito populations from Cameroon to characterize the mosquito microbial flora, next we challenged female…

Advisors/Committee Members: Morlais, Isabelle (thesis director), Berry, Antoine (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: P. falciparum; A. gambiae; Flore microbiene; Interaction; Transmission; Paludisme; A. gambiae; P. falciparum; Flora; Interaction; Transmission; Malaria

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tchioffo Tsapi, M. (2013). Interactions génomes - environnement dans le système vectoriel Anopheles gambiae / P. falciparum : rôle de la flore microbienne du moustique dans la modulation du développement de P. falciparum : Genomes - environment interactions in the Anopheles gambiae vector system / P. falciparum : the role of the mosquito bacterial flora in the modulation of P. falciparum development. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Montpellier II. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20167

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tchioffo Tsapi, Majoline. “Interactions génomes - environnement dans le système vectoriel Anopheles gambiae / P. falciparum : rôle de la flore microbienne du moustique dans la modulation du développement de P. falciparum : Genomes - environment interactions in the Anopheles gambiae vector system / P. falciparum : the role of the mosquito bacterial flora in the modulation of P. falciparum development.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Montpellier II. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20167.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tchioffo Tsapi, Majoline. “Interactions génomes - environnement dans le système vectoriel Anopheles gambiae / P. falciparum : rôle de la flore microbienne du moustique dans la modulation du développement de P. falciparum : Genomes - environment interactions in the Anopheles gambiae vector system / P. falciparum : the role of the mosquito bacterial flora in the modulation of P. falciparum development.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Tchioffo Tsapi M. Interactions génomes - environnement dans le système vectoriel Anopheles gambiae / P. falciparum : rôle de la flore microbienne du moustique dans la modulation du développement de P. falciparum : Genomes - environment interactions in the Anopheles gambiae vector system / P. falciparum : the role of the mosquito bacterial flora in the modulation of P. falciparum development. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Montpellier II; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20167.

Council of Science Editors:

Tchioffo Tsapi M. Interactions génomes - environnement dans le système vectoriel Anopheles gambiae / P. falciparum : rôle de la flore microbienne du moustique dans la modulation du développement de P. falciparum : Genomes - environment interactions in the Anopheles gambiae vector system / P. falciparum : the role of the mosquito bacterial flora in the modulation of P. falciparum development. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Montpellier II; 2013. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20167

2. Maia, Rafael Trindade. Análise in silico e polimorfismo genético das glutationa stransferases da classe epsilon de anopheles gambiae (diptera: culicidae): possíveis implicações na resistência a inseticidas químicos.

Degree: 2013, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

URL: http://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11996

► O mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) é considerado o principal vetor do Plasmodium, o agente etiológico da malária, a doença parasitária que mais leva ao… (more)

▼ O mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) é considerado o principal vetor do Plasmodium, o agente etiológico da malária, a doença parasitária que mais leva ao óbito em todo o mundo. O uso intensivo de alguns inseticidas químicos, entre os quais o DDT, direcionados para o controle desse vetor, levou à seleção de linhagens resistentes de An. gambiae. Desta forma, os mecanismos de resistência aos inseticidas vêm sendo amplamente estudados com o intuito de desenvolver novas estratégias de controle populacional do vetor. As glutationa s-transferases (GSTs) são enzimas de detoxificação celular que desempenham um importante papel biológico no metabolismo de xenobióticos através da conjugação da glutationa reduzida (GSH), tornandoos mais solúveis e facilmente excretados da célula. As GSTs da classe epsilon em An. gambiae (AgGSTE) apresentam atividade anti-DDT, especialmente a AgGSTE2, cuja estrutura encontra-se disponível no PDB. Também já foi demonstrado que a enzima AgGSTE5, cuja estrutura tridimensional ainda não foi elucidada, apresentou super expressão em presença do DDT. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi construir e validar um modelo tridimensional para elicidação da estrutura da AgGSTE5 através da modelagem comparativa e simular a dinâmica molecular da AgGSTE2 e AgGSTE5 e de uma isoforma mutante (AgGSTE2mut). Nas simulações de Dinâmica Molecular (DM) foram feitas por um período de 50 nanossegundos com e sem o ligante (GSH). Após a dinâmica, as três enzimas foram submetidas ao docking molecular contra os compostos DDT, CDNB, carbaril, malation e cipermetrina. Também foi analisado o polimorfismo genético e a taxa de mutação para os genes AgGSTE2 e AgGSTE5. A análise da seqüência dos genes apontou seleção purificadora para o AgGSTE2 e seleção positiva para o AgGSTE5 em populações de sete países da África. Os resultados demonstraram que as proteínas têm dinâmicas diferentes e interagem com os substratos de modo diferente. As mutações da AgGSTE2mut alteram sua dinâmica e modo de ação, sendo esta enzima particularmente capaz de se ligar ao DDT, com energia de ligação menor que as outras. Finalmente, os resultados do presente trabalho sugerem que estas enzimas desempenharam um papel crucial na adaptação de An. gambiae ao seu habitat e possivelmente a evolutibilidade destas GSTs teve participação neste processo evolutivo, sendo portanto alvos potenciais para o desenvolvimento de novas ferramentas de controle. Conclui-se que o papel da AgGSTE2 e AgGSTE5 na metabolização de inseticidas é importante para a adaptação do An. gambiae e o modo de ação destas enzimas deve ser entendido como uma importante via metabólica a ser interferida com o propósito de melhorar os inseticidas e métodos de controle. Os resultados permitem concluir que o modelo teórico é válido e que a AgGSTE2, AgGSTE2mut e AgGSTE5 apresentam diferenças na dinâmica e no modo de ligação aos compostos químicos estudados, o que provavelmente reflete em uma divergência funcional destas enzimas. Advisors/Committee Members: Lopes, Constância Flávia Junqueira Ayres (advisor), Soares, Thereza Amélia (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: GST; Anopheles gambiae; Resistência a inseticidas; Dinâmica molecular

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Maia, R. T. (2013). Análise in silico e polimorfismo genético das glutationa stransferases da classe epsilon de anopheles gambiae (diptera: culicidae): possíveis implicações na resistência a inseticidas químicos. (Thesis). Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Retrieved from http://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11996

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Maia, Rafael Trindade. “Análise in silico e polimorfismo genético das glutationa stransferases da classe epsilon de anopheles gambiae (diptera: culicidae): possíveis implicações na resistência a inseticidas químicos. ” 2013. Thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11996.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Maia, Rafael Trindade. “Análise in silico e polimorfismo genético das glutationa stransferases da classe epsilon de anopheles gambiae (diptera: culicidae): possíveis implicações na resistência a inseticidas químicos. ” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Maia RT. Análise in silico e polimorfismo genético das glutationa stransferases da classe epsilon de anopheles gambiae (diptera: culicidae): possíveis implicações na resistência a inseticidas químicos. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11996.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Maia RT. Análise in silico e polimorfismo genético das glutationa stransferases da classe epsilon de anopheles gambiae (diptera: culicidae): possíveis implicações na resistência a inseticidas químicos. [Thesis]. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; 2013. Available from: http://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11996

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

3. Goetz, Alice-Anne. Propriétés antiparasitaires des benzyl-ménadiones : étude de leur mécanisme d'action et de leur potentiel à bloquer la transmission des parasites du paludisme au moustique vecteur Anopheles gambiae : Antiparasitic benzyl-menadiones : a study of their mode of action and of their efficacy to block transmission of the malaria parasite to the Anopheles gambiae mosquito vector.

Degree: Docteur es, Parasitologie et pharmacochimie antiparasitaire, 2016, Université de Strasbourg

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ115

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La plasmodione est une benzylmenadione (bMD) qui a été désignée comme inhibiteur subversif de flavoenzymes. Ces enzymes utilisent FAD comme co-facteur et sont impliquées dans… (more)

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La plasmodione est une benzylmenadione (bMD) qui a été désignée comme inhibiteur subversif de flavoenzymes. Ces enzymes utilisent FAD comme co-facteur et sont impliquées dans de nombreux processus biologiques, et notamment dans le maintien de l’homéostasie redox par les systèmes thiorédoxine et glutathion. La plasmodione présente une forte activité contre P. falciparum in vitro, elle est actif sur tous les stades asexués, préférentiellement sur les stades anneaux, avec une vitesse d’élimination des parasites très rapide. Mon objectif a été de tester sa capacité à bloquer la transmission du parasite murin au moustique et de contribuer à déterminer son mode d’action. Pour ce faire, j’ai dans un premier temps mis au point de nouveaux protocoles. Mes résultats ont démontré que (i) la plasmodione réduit le développement du parasite in vivo et limite la transmission du parasite au moustique en agissant sur tous les stades parasitaires sexués infectieux pour le moustique ; (ii) qu’un dérivé de la même famille, plus soluble, est beaucoup plus efficace, notamment sur les stades sexués et la transmission ; (iii) que lorsqu’ils sont délivrés directement au moustique, il n’y a aucun effet du bleu de méthylène ou de la plasmodione sur la survie des moustique ; (iv) enfin en utilisant des parasites invalidés pour la GR, la GS, la γGCS ou la GluPho, mes résultats suggèrent que le modèle d’action proposé des bMDs est à revoir, et que d’autres flavoenzymes pourraient être la cible.

Plasmodione is a benzylmenadione, synthetized as a flavoenzyme inhibitor. These enzymes use FAD as a cofactor and are involved in numerous biologic processes, including the regulation of the redox equilibrium through thioredoxin and glutathione metabolisms. Plasmodione is very efficient in vitro against all stages of the human parasite P. falciparum, especially on ring stages, and is a fast killer. The aims of my PhD were to monitor the ability of Plasmodione to block parasite transmission to mosquitoes and to characterized its mode of action. For that, I had to implement new protocols. My results showed (i) that Plasmodione decrease both the parasite development in vivo and its transmission to mosquitoes while acting on every sexual stage infectious for the mosquito. (ii) A derivative from the same chemical family, more soluble, is more efficient than Plasmodione, especially on asexual stages and on transmission. (iii) When compounds are directly deliver into mosquitoes, neither methylene blue or Plasmodione have an effect on the survival. (iv) Finally, the use of knock out parasites for the GR, GS, γGCS or GluPho genes suggest that the proposed mode of action of the benzylmenadiones has to be corrected and other flavoenzymes could be targeted rather than GR.

Advisors/Committee Members: Blandin, Stéphanie (thesis director), Davioud-Charvet, Élisabeth (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: 3-benzyl-ménadiones substituées; Antipaludique; Bloqueurs de transmission; Plasmodium; A. gambiae; Substituted 3-benzyl-menadiones; Antimalarial; Transmission-blocking; Plasmodium; A. gambiae; 579.3; 615.19

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Goetz, A. (2016). Propriétés antiparasitaires des benzyl-ménadiones : étude de leur mécanisme d'action et de leur potentiel à bloquer la transmission des parasites du paludisme au moustique vecteur Anopheles gambiae : Antiparasitic benzyl-menadiones : a study of their mode of action and of their efficacy to block transmission of the malaria parasite to the Anopheles gambiae mosquito vector. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université de Strasbourg. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ115

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Goetz, Alice-Anne. “Propriétés antiparasitaires des benzyl-ménadiones : étude de leur mécanisme d'action et de leur potentiel à bloquer la transmission des parasites du paludisme au moustique vecteur Anopheles gambiae : Antiparasitic benzyl-menadiones : a study of their mode of action and of their efficacy to block transmission of the malaria parasite to the Anopheles gambiae mosquito vector.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Université de Strasbourg. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ115.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Goetz, Alice-Anne. “Propriétés antiparasitaires des benzyl-ménadiones : étude de leur mécanisme d'action et de leur potentiel à bloquer la transmission des parasites du paludisme au moustique vecteur Anopheles gambiae : Antiparasitic benzyl-menadiones : a study of their mode of action and of their efficacy to block transmission of the malaria parasite to the Anopheles gambiae mosquito vector.” 2016. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Goetz A. Propriétés antiparasitaires des benzyl-ménadiones : étude de leur mécanisme d'action et de leur potentiel à bloquer la transmission des parasites du paludisme au moustique vecteur Anopheles gambiae : Antiparasitic benzyl-menadiones : a study of their mode of action and of their efficacy to block transmission of the malaria parasite to the Anopheles gambiae mosquito vector. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université de Strasbourg; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ115.

Council of Science Editors:

Goetz A. Propriétés antiparasitaires des benzyl-ménadiones : étude de leur mécanisme d'action et de leur potentiel à bloquer la transmission des parasites du paludisme au moustique vecteur Anopheles gambiae : Antiparasitic benzyl-menadiones : a study of their mode of action and of their efficacy to block transmission of the malaria parasite to the Anopheles gambiae mosquito vector. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université de Strasbourg; 2016. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ115

University of Pretoria

4. [No author]. Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria .

Degree: 2013, University of Pretoria

URL: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05152013-120636/

► Current anti-malarial methods have been effective in reducing the number of malarial cases. However, these methods do not completely block the transmission of the parasite.… (more)

▼ Current anti-malarial methods have been effective in reducing the number of malarial cases. However, these methods do not completely block the transmission of the parasite. Research has shown that repeated use of the current anti-malarial drugs, which include artemisinin-based drug combinations, might be toxic to humans. There have also been reports of an emergence of artemisinin-resistant parasites. Finding anti-malarial drugs through the drug discovery process takes a long time and failure results in a great financial loss. The failure of drug discovery projects can be partly attributed to the improper selection of drug targets. There is thus a need for an eff ective way of identifying and validating new potential malaria drug targets for entry into the drug discovery process. The availability of the genome sequences for the Plasmodium parasite, human host and the Anopheles mosquito vector has facilitated post-genomic studies on malaria. Proper utilizationof this data, in combination with computational biology and bioinformatics techniques, could aid in the in silico prioritization of drug targets. This study was aimed at extensively annotating the protein sequences from the Plasmodium parasites, H. sapiens and A. gambiae with data from di fferent online databases in order to create a resource for the prioritization of drug targets in malaria. Essentiality, assay feasibility, resistance, toxicity, structural information and druggability were the main target selection criteria which were used to collect data for protein annotations. The data was used to populate the Discovery resource (http://malport. bi.up.ac.za/) for the in silico prioritization of potential drug targets. A new version of the Discovery system, Discovery 2.0 (http://discovery.bi.up.ac.za/), has been developed using Java. The system contains new and automatically updated data as well as improved functionalities. The new data in Discovery 2.0 includes UniProt accessions, gene ontology annotations from the UniProt-GOA project, pathways from Reactome and Malaria Parasite Metabolic Pathways databases, protein-protein interactions data from. IntAct as well as druggability data from the DrugEBIlity resource hosted by ChEMBL. Users can access the data by searching with a protein identi er, UniProt accession, protein name or through the advanced search which lets users filter protein sequences based on different protein properties. The results are organized in a tabbed environment, with each tab displaying different protein annotation data. A sample investigation using a previously proposed malarial target, S-adenosyl-Lhomocysteine hydrolase, was carried out to demonstrate the diff erent categories of data available in Discovery 2.0 as well as to test if the available data is su fficient for assessment and prioritization of drug targets. The study showed that using the annotation data in Discovery 2.0, a protein can be assessed, in a species comparative manner, on the potential of being a drug target based on the selection criteria mentioned here. However,… Advisors/Committee Members: Prof F Joubert (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Anti-malarial drugs; Plasmodium parasites; H. sapiens; A. gambiae; Protein sequences; UCTD

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

author], [. (2013). Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria . (Masters Thesis). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05152013-120636/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

author], [No. “Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria .” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05152013-120636/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

author], [No. “Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria .” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

author] [. Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05152013-120636/.

Council of Science Editors:

author] [. Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria . [Masters Thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2013. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05152013-120636/

Universidade Nova

5. Mendes, Cristina Isabel Rodrigues. Population diversity and transmission dynamics of Plasmodium sp.

Degree: 2014, Universidade Nova

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/19268

► Apesar dos esforços desenvolvidos nas últimas décadas, a malária continua a ser um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública no mundo, sendo a principal causa… (more)

▼ Apesar dos esforços desenvolvidos nas últimas décadas, a malária continua a ser um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública no mundo, sendo a principal causa de morbilidade e mortalidade principalmente na África Subsaariana. Fazer uma análise global, que integre todos os intervenientes deste sistema complexo, que engloba três entidades biológicas, fatores socioeconómicos e ambientais, não é fácil, mas pensamos ser um ponto fulcral para um maior conhecimento sobre esta doença. Neste estudo, utilizando um conjunto completo de amostras – sangue periférico e mosquitos – pretendeu-se analisar este complexo sistema de forma abrangente. Deste modo, este trabalho teve como principais objetivos: 1) Caraterizar as populações parasitárias circulantes nos dois hospedeiros – humano e mosquito vetor - através da identificação das espécies de Plasmodium presentes; marcadores moleculares de diversidade (Pfmsp2) e marcadores moleculares associados a resistência a fármacos (mutações pontuais nos genes Pfdhps, Pfdhfr, Pfcrt e Pfmdr1); 2) Analisar as pressões seletivas atuantes sobre os genes associados a resistência a fármacos e 3) Analisar a diversidade de genes do mosquito vetor - AgTG1 e AgTG2 - tentando relacioná-los com a presença/ausência de infeção. As amostras biológicas utilizadas para este trabalho foram recolhidas em três países diferentes: na Guiné Equatorial continental foram colhidas amostras de sangue e mosquitos adultos em duas localidades, Miyobo e Ngonamanga. Em Angola obtiveramse as amostras de sangue em quatro localidades diferentes (Gabela, Porto Amboim, Kissala – Sumbe e Praia – Sumbe) e foram ainda usados neste estudo mosquitos adultos provenientes de Antula, Guiné-Bissau. Em relação ao primeiro e segundo objetivos deste trabalho, foi possível constatar a presença das quatro espécies de Plasmodium em ambos os hospedeiros, com prevalências superiores às reportadas oficialmente, incluindo P. vivax, espécie que ainda não tinha sido detetada na Guiné Equatorial continental. Detetou-se igualmente indivíduos Duffy negativos infetados com duas estirpes diferentes de Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax clássico e o P. vivax VK247). Relativamente às mutações pontuais associadas à resistência aos antimaláricos, constatou-se que de um modo geral estas ocorriam em elevada prevalência. Verificou-se igualmente que a resistência à pirimetamina encontrase bem estabelecida neste país, enquanto a resistência à sulfadoxina terá tido uma introdução mais recente. Relativamente ao terceiro e último objetivo deste trabalho, constatou-se que os dois genes estudados - AgTG1 e AgTG2- apresentam fortes sinais de seleção positiva, podendo estar envolvidos no reconhecimento de organismos patogénicos, e por conseguinte envolvidos numa resposta contra a infeção. Por fim, este trabalho permitiu concluir que na Guiné Equatorial continental existem as quatro espécies de Plasmodium, incluindo a espécie P. vivax que até à data não estava descrita no país. Foi encontrada uma elevada prevalência de mutações associadas à resistência à sulfadoxina-pirimetamina,… Advisors/Committee Members: Arez, Ana Paula, Berzosa, Pedro.

Subjects/Keywords: Malária; Anopheles gambiae; Plasmodium sp.; Plasmodium vivax; antigénio Duffy; resistência a antimaláricos; hospedeiro humano

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mendes, C. I. R. (2014). Population diversity and transmission dynamics of Plasmodium sp. (Thesis). Universidade Nova. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/19268

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mendes, Cristina Isabel Rodrigues. “Population diversity and transmission dynamics of Plasmodium sp.” 2014. Thesis, Universidade Nova. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/19268.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mendes, Cristina Isabel Rodrigues. “Population diversity and transmission dynamics of Plasmodium sp.” 2014. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mendes CIR. Population diversity and transmission dynamics of Plasmodium sp. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/19268.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mendes CIR. Population diversity and transmission dynamics of Plasmodium sp. [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2014. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/19268

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Pretoria

6. Mpangase, Phelelani Thokozani. Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria.

Degree: Biochemistry, 2012, University of Pretoria

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24715

► Current anti-malarial methods have been effective in reducing the number of malarial cases. However, these methods do not completely block the transmission of the parasite.… (more)

▼ Current anti-malarial methods have been effective in reducing the number of malarial cases. However, these methods do not completely block the transmission of the parasite. Research has shown that repeated use of the current anti-malarial drugs, which include artemisinin-based drug combinations, might be toxic to humans. There have also been reports of an emergence of artemisinin-resistant parasites. Finding anti-malarial drugs through the drug discovery process takes a long time and failure results in a great financial loss. The failure of drug discovery projects can be partly attributed to the improper selection of drug targets. There is thus a need for an eff ective way of identifying and validating new potential malaria drug targets for entry into the drug discovery process. The availability of the genome sequences for the Plasmodium parasite, human host and the Anopheles mosquito vector has facilitated post-genomic studies on malaria. Proper utilizationof this data, in combination with computational biology and bioinformatics techniques, could aid in the in silico prioritization of drug targets. This study was aimed at extensively annotating the protein sequences from the Plasmodium parasites, H. sapiens and A. gambiae with data from di fferent online databases in order to create a resource for the prioritization of drug targets in malaria. Essentiality, assay feasibility, resistance, toxicity, structural information and druggability were the main target selection criteria which were used to collect data for protein annotations. The data was used to populate the Discovery resource (http://malport. bi.up.ac.za/) for the in silico prioritization of potential drug targets. A new version of the Discovery system, Discovery 2.0 (http://discovery.bi.up.ac.za/), has been developed using Java. The system contains new and automatically updated data as well as improved functionalities. The new data in Discovery 2.0 includes UniProt accessions, gene ontology annotations from the UniProt-GOA project, pathways from Reactome and Malaria Parasite Metabolic Pathways databases, protein-protein interactions data from. IntAct as well as druggability data from the DrugEBIlity resource hosted by ChEMBL. Users can access the data by searching with a protein identi er, UniProt accession, protein name or through the advanced search which lets users filter protein sequences based on different protein properties. The results are organized in a tabbed environment, with each tab displaying different protein annotation data. A sample investigation using a previously proposed malarial target, S-adenosyl-Lhomocysteine hydrolase, was carried out to demonstrate the diff erent categories of data available in Discovery 2.0 as well as to test if the available data is su fficient for assessment and prioritization of drug targets. The study showed that using the annotation data in Discovery 2.0, a protein can be assessed, in a species comparative manner, on the potential of being a drug target based on the selection criteria mentioned here. However,… Advisors/Committee Members: Joubert, Fourie (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Anti-malarial drugs; Plasmodium parasites; H. sapiens; A. gambiae; Protein sequences; UCTD

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mpangase, P. (2012). Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria. (Masters Thesis). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24715

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mpangase, Phelelani. “Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria.” 2012. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24715.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mpangase, Phelelani. “Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria.” 2012. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mpangase P. Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24715.

Council of Science Editors:

Mpangase P. Integrating protein annotations for the in silico prioritization of putative drug target proteins in malaria. [Masters Thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24715

Universidade Nova

7. TROCO, Arlete Dina Albano. Resistência a insecticidas em Anopheles gambiae s.l. na região de Luanda, Angola.

Degree: 2012, Universidade Nova

URL: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/11354

►

Em Angola, a malária é a principal causa de morbilidade e de mortalidade infantil. O controlo de vectores com recurso aos insecticidas representa uma parte… (more)

▼

Em Angola, a malária é a principal causa de morbilidade e de mortalidade infantil. O controlo de vectores com recurso aos insecticidas representa uma parte importante da estratégia actual para a prevenção da doença. Em Anopheles gambiae s.s., principal vector de malária em África, estão identificadas duas mutações pontuais no gene que codifica os canais de sódio das membranas das células do sistema nervoso, conferindo resistência knockdown (kdr) aos insecticidas piretróides e ao DDT. Também se encontra descrita para esta espécie uma mutação no gene acetilcolinesterase-1 (ace-1), associada à resistência a carbamatos e organofosfatos. Este trabalho teve como principal objectivo avaliar o nível de resistência aos insecticidas em An. gambiae da província de Luanda, Angola e determinar a frequência destas mutações. Foram realizadas colheitas entomológicas em 2009 e 2010, através da prospeção de criadouros larvares. Os insectos capturados foram criados até a emergência do adulto e sujeitos a ensaios de susceptibilidade a insecticidas, através de testes da OMS. A identificação de espécies e formas moleculares do complexo An. gambiae, bem como a pesquisa de mutações no gene ace-1 foram feitas por PCR-RFLP. A pesquisa de mutações no gene kdr foi realizada por PIRA-PCR. Amostras selecionadas de mosquitos (incluindo uma amostra proveniente de uma colheita de adultos) foram ainda genotipadas para 11 loci microssatélites. Os níveis de resistência para a permetrina, DDT e -cialotrina foram elevados, com taxas de mortalidade inferiores a 70% em ambos os anos. Em contraste, as taxas de mortalidade foram sempre acima de 98% para bendiocarb e fenitrotião, indicadoras de susceptibilidade a estes insecticidas. Todas as amostras processadas foram identificadas como An. gambiae s.s., forma molecular M e não se observou a mutação no gene ace-1 associada à resistência. Em ambos os anos, foi detectada apenas a mutação L1014F no locus kdr e a frequência do alelo mutante (TTT) foi bastante elevada. Em 2009, observou-se uma associação entre genótipos homozigóticos para o alelo 1014F e o fenótipo resistente, para os insecticidas piretróides e para o DDT. O polimorfismo dos loci microssatélites analisados foi elevado, com a riqueza alélica a variar entre 5 (45C1) e 20 (H128) e a heterozigotia esperada entre 0,529 (H577) e 0,862 (H249). A análise genética não revelou um grau de parentesco entre os indivíduos que constituíram as amostras estudadas. Este resultado sugere que os elevados níveis de resistência observados não foram influenciados pelo método de colheita de mosquitos que, em certas condições, poderia contribuir para a amostragem de indivíduos aparentados.

In Angola malaria is still one of the leading causes of child morbidity and mortality. Vector control depends mainly on insecticides which constitutes an important part of the national strategy to prevent and control malaria transmission. In Anopheles gambiae s.s., the main malaria vector in sub-saharan Africa, , two point mutations have been identified in the gene encoding the…

Advisors/Committee Members: PINTO, João, FORTES, Filomeno.

Subjects/Keywords: Parasitologia médica; Saúde pública; Malária; Morbilidade; Anopheles gambiae; Luanda; Angola; Resistência a insecticidas; Genes kdr microssatélites

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

TROCO, A. D. A. (2012). Resistência a insecticidas em Anopheles gambiae s.l. na região de Luanda, Angola. (Thesis). Universidade Nova. Retrieved from https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/11354

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

TROCO, Arlete Dina Albano. “Resistência a insecticidas em Anopheles gambiae s.l. na região de Luanda, Angola.” 2012. Thesis, Universidade Nova. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/11354.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

TROCO, Arlete Dina Albano. “Resistência a insecticidas em Anopheles gambiae s.l. na região de Luanda, Angola.” 2012. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

TROCO ADA. Resistência a insecticidas em Anopheles gambiae s.l. na região de Luanda, Angola. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/11354.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

TROCO ADA. Resistência a insecticidas em Anopheles gambiae s.l. na região de Luanda, Angola. [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2012. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/11354

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Université de Grenoble

8. Fane, Moussa. Impact du climat sur l'écologie et la transmission du paludisme : analyse du risque palustre dans le septentrion malien : Impact of climate on malaria vectors ecology and transmission : analysis of malaria risk in the northern Mali.

Degree: Docteur es, Modèles, méthodes et algorithmes en biologie, santé et environnement, 2011, Université de Grenoble

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENS042

► Le paludisme est la maladie tropicale la plus redoutable au monde. Un enfant africain meurt de paludisme toutes les 30 secondes. La complexité spécifique du… (more)

▼ Le paludisme est la maladie tropicale la plus redoutable au monde. Un enfant africain meurt de paludisme toutes les 30 secondes. La complexité spécifique du paludisme serait liée à une forte interaction du Plasmodium et de son vecteur avec l’environnement. Les cartes de distribution géographique montrent que la présence et l’impact du paludisme en santé publique varient considérablement avec le climat. L’éco-épidémiologie du paludisme au Sahara est encore mal connu. L’absence de pluies pendant des années peut entraîner une rupture prolongée de la transmission, comme les années 1970 à 1973, où le paludisme s’était retiré du sahel du fait de la sécheresse. Lorsqu’il pleut abondamment, la transmission sporadique peut se transformer rapidement en épidémies de paludisme qui surprennent de temps en temps la population faiblement ou non immunisée. Le sahel est caractérisé par une variabilité accrue du climat dont les bases sont encore mal cernées. L’effet majeur prévisible du changement climatique serait la transformation de tout le cycle de l’eau dont les manifestations importantes en Afrique seront les sécheresses et les inondations. Les inondations provoquent d’importants déplacements de populations. Les pluies diluviennes devraient faciliter la propagation du paludisme et la colonisation de nouveaux territoires, voire une possibilité de migration retour de l’anophèle plus au Nord jusqu’au sud de l’Europe. Le manque d’immunité des populations nord-sahéliennes peut occasionner des phénomènes épidémiques de grande ampleur et à grande échelle. Notre étude visait à comprendre les mécanismes d’impact du climat sur le paludisme dans le Sahel malien. Nos ressources financières ne permettaient pas de mener une étude longue à l’échelle du climat. Néanmoins, nous avons voulu démontrer "ce qui peut se passer avec le paludisme au Sahara" en cas de pluies abondantes associées au changement climatique. Nous avons procédé à une analyse régionale des relations brutes entre facteurs environnementaux et transmission du paludisme, affinée par une étude locale sachant que la transmission est corrélée in fine aux variables climatiques locales. Contraints par les menaces terroristes au nord du Mali, l’étude locale à été conduite dans une localité du Sahel écologiquement proche du Sahara.Nous avons analysé l’évolution de la variabilité climatique par des modèles numériques en relation avec les données entomologiques intégrées aux données satellitaires du terrain, analysé comment la distribution spatiale des gîtes aquatiques et des habitats humains rythment la fréquence des pontes et des piqûres qui assure le transfert du Plasmodium entre les populations humaines et vectorielles. A large échelle, l’étude montre que la transmission du paludisme est globalement liée à la pluviométrie mais la durée de transmission relève des contraintes topographiques locales. L’abondance des anophèles est liée à la pluviométrie dans les zones exondées et au routage des eaux de pluies dans les zones inondées. L’étude a prouvé un divorce entre la densité des… Advisors/Committee Members: Sabatier, Philippe (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Paludisme; Épidémies; Sahel; Changement climatique; Diffusion du risque; Malaria environment; Climate variability Sahel; Eco-faciès géo-faciès; A. gambiae; Productivity diffusion; Predicting of transmission risk; 610

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Fane, M. (2011). Impact du climat sur l'écologie et la transmission du paludisme : analyse du risque palustre dans le septentrion malien : Impact of climate on malaria vectors ecology and transmission : analysis of malaria risk in the northern Mali. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université de Grenoble. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENS042

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fane, Moussa. “Impact du climat sur l'écologie et la transmission du paludisme : analyse du risque palustre dans le septentrion malien : Impact of climate on malaria vectors ecology and transmission : analysis of malaria risk in the northern Mali.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Université de Grenoble. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENS042.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fane, Moussa. “Impact du climat sur l'écologie et la transmission du paludisme : analyse du risque palustre dans le septentrion malien : Impact of climate on malaria vectors ecology and transmission : analysis of malaria risk in the northern Mali.” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Fane M. Impact du climat sur l'écologie et la transmission du paludisme : analyse du risque palustre dans le septentrion malien : Impact of climate on malaria vectors ecology and transmission : analysis of malaria risk in the northern Mali. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université de Grenoble; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENS042.

Council of Science Editors:

Fane M. Impact du climat sur l'écologie et la transmission du paludisme : analyse du risque palustre dans le septentrion malien : Impact of climate on malaria vectors ecology and transmission : analysis of malaria risk in the northern Mali. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université de Grenoble; 2011. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENS042

University of Notre Dame

9. Jonathan Kaima Kayondo. Genetic Structure, Snp Establishment, and Cloning the 2la-Inversion Distal Breakpoint in the Malaria Vector Anopheles Gambiae</h1>.

Degree: Biological Sciences, 2006, University of Notre Dame

URL: https://curate.nd.edu/show/8g84mk63s10

► Alternative means of malaria control are urgently needed. Vector targeted malaria control campaigns require good grasp of the biology and population structure. Use of… (more)

▼ Alternative means of malaria control are urgently needed. Vector targeted malaria control campaigns require good grasp of the biology and population structure. Use of insecticide treated nets has been recommended and control by genetic manipulation of the vectors considered.Evaluating the effectiveness of measures that involve genetic manipulation of vector populations will be facilitated by identifying small, genetically isolated vector populations. The study was designed to recover Anopheles.gambiae 2La inversion distal breakpoint structure and to establish SNPs and use variation in both SNPs and microsatellite markers to look at genetic structure across 4 lake Victoria islands and 2 surrounding mainland populations and for evidence of any restriction to free gene flow. Four Islands (from 20-50 km apart) and two surrounding mainland populations (96 km apart) were studied. Samples of indoor resting adult mosquitoes collected over two consecutive years were genotyped at marker loci distributed broadly throughout the genome and analyzed for general population structure and for marker comparisons. Effective population size (Ne) estimates showed island populations to consist of smaller demes compared to the main-land ones. Most populations were significantly differentiated geographically, and from one year to the other. Average geographic pair-wise FST ranged from 0.014-0.105, and several pairs of populations had Ne m < 3. The loci showed broad heterogeneity at capturing or estimating population differences. SNPs confirmed microsatellite population structure though at lesser resolution. These islands are significantly genetically differentiated; with real differences that reoccurred over the study period, from the two mainland populations and from some of each other. This appears to be the product of their separation across water, dynamics of small populations and local adaptation. With further characterisation these islands could become possible sites for applying measures evaluating effectiveness of control by genetic manipulation. The 2La breakpoint was successfully cloned, found monophyletic across A. gambiae siblings’ inverted karyotypes and a diagnostic PCR based molecular karyotyping assay developed. The PCR based 2La molecular diagnostic will greatly facilitate study of inversion biology in natural populations. Advisors/Committee Members: Dr. John H. Adams, Committee Member, Dr. Jeanne Romero-Severson, Committee Member, Dr. Frank H. Collins, Committee Chair, Dr. David W. Severson, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: Lake Victoria Islands; 2La Inversion diagnostic PCR; VectorBase SNP verification; SNP Versus Microsatellittes; A. gambiae differentiation; Population Structure

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Kayondo, J. K. (2006). Genetic Structure, Snp Establishment, and Cloning the 2la-Inversion Distal Breakpoint in the Malaria Vector Anopheles Gambiae</h1>. (Thesis). University of Notre Dame. Retrieved from https://curate.nd.edu/show/8g84mk63s10

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kayondo, Jonathan Kaima. “Genetic Structure, Snp Establishment, and Cloning the 2la-Inversion Distal Breakpoint in the Malaria Vector Anopheles Gambiae</h1>.” 2006. Thesis, University of Notre Dame. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://curate.nd.edu/show/8g84mk63s10.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kayondo, Jonathan Kaima. “Genetic Structure, Snp Establishment, and Cloning the 2la-Inversion Distal Breakpoint in the Malaria Vector Anopheles Gambiae</h1>.” 2006. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kayondo JK. Genetic Structure, Snp Establishment, and Cloning the 2la-Inversion Distal Breakpoint in the Malaria Vector Anopheles Gambiae</h1>. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/8g84mk63s10.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kayondo JK. Genetic Structure, Snp Establishment, and Cloning the 2la-Inversion Distal Breakpoint in the Malaria Vector Anopheles Gambiae</h1>. [Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2006. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/8g84mk63s10

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations