subject:(070709 Veterinary Pathology)

Lincoln University

1. Mitchell, Nadia. Longitudinal studies and the development of gene therapy for ovine neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.

Degree: 2016, Lincoln University

► The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs, Batten disease) are a group of fatal inherited lysosomal storage diseases characterised by progressive neurodegeneration, cortical atrophy, and blindness. Currently… (more)

▼ The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs, Batten disease) are a group of fatal inherited lysosomal storage diseases characterised by progressive neurodegeneration, cortical atrophy, and blindness. Currently there are no effective treatments. Naturally occurring animal models exist, including two forms in sheep which are representative of the different NCL protein defects. A lesion in a soluble lysosomal protein (CLN5) causes NCL in Borderdale sheep, whilst South Hampshire sheep have a defective intracellular endoplasmic reticulum membrane-bound protein (CLN6). This subdivision has consequences for the planning of therapies. This thesis compares the progressive neuropathological changes, and examines the efficacy of viral-mediated in vivo gene therapy, in these two NCL sheep models. An immunohistochemical study revealed that, despite very different gene products and subcellular localisations, the pathogenic cascade was remarkably similar for CLN5 and CLN6 affected sheep. Dysregulated glial activation preceded regionally specific neurodegeneration in both disease models and both occurred well before clinical onset. Neuropathological changes were more advanced in the CLN5 model, which correlated with the earlier onset of clinical symptoms in these sheep, but by end-stage disease CLN5 and CLN6 brains were similarly affected. Windows for best therapeutic efficacy were established and these data highlight the translational utility of the sheep brain for testing human gene therapies. Lentiviral vectors have been shown to mediate successful gene delivery to the ovine brain yet the efficacy of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors has not been tested in sheep. Stable, predominantly neurotropic, transgene expression was evident one month after intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intraparenchymal (IP) delivery of AAV9 to the normal sheep brain. However with a greater spread and no evidence of vector or procedural neuroinflammation or toxicity, the ICV approach proved most efficacious in sheep. vi Deficiencies in soluble lysosomal proteins are deemed particularly amenable to in vivo gene therapy via the normal lysosomal enzyme trafficking system and the phenomenon of ‘cross-correction’. To test this paradigm in sheep, six pre-clinical CLN5 deficient lambs were treated with combinatorial ICV and IP injections of either lentiviral or AAV9 vectors expressing ovine CLN5. Both vector platforms afforded sustained protection against stereotypical disease in these sheep. Cognitive and neurological function was preserved, whilst longitudinal neuroimaging revealed normalisation of intracranial volume and structural brain integrity. Quality of life was profoundly improved for the treated sheep and, apart from delayed-onset visual deficits, treated sheep well exceeded the typical lifespan of untreated animals. Defects in membrane-bound proteins are generally considered harder therapeutic targets. However the current study indicates that gene therapy is also possible for these NCL forms. Whilst five similarly injected pre-clinical CLN6…

Subjects/Keywords: Batten disease; neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis; lysosomal storage disorder; animal models; sheep; brain; neurodegeneration; neuroinflammation; neurogenesis; gene therapy; vector; adeno-associated virus; lentivirus; transduction; 1109 Neurosciences; 070709 Veterinary Pathology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mitchell, N. (2016). Longitudinal studies and the development of gene therapy for ovine neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. (Thesis). Lincoln University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10182/7237

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mitchell, Nadia. “Longitudinal studies and the development of gene therapy for ovine neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.” 2016. Thesis, Lincoln University. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/7237.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mitchell, Nadia. “Longitudinal studies and the development of gene therapy for ovine neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.” 2016. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mitchell N. Longitudinal studies and the development of gene therapy for ovine neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. [Internet] [Thesis]. Lincoln University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/7237.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mitchell N. Longitudinal studies and the development of gene therapy for ovine neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. [Thesis]. Lincoln University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/7237

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Lincoln University

2. Xu, Janet Boyu. Cell biology and biochemical studies of ovine batten disease.

Degree: 2018, Lincoln University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/10185

► The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs, Batten disease) are a group of fatal inherited neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases of humans, which result in severe cortical atrophy,… (more)

▼ The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs, Batten disease) are a group of fatal inherited neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases of humans, which result in severe cortical atrophy, blindness, seizures, and the accumulation of fluorescent lysosome-derived organelles in neurons and most other cells throughout the body. Two naturally occurring of forms of NCL in sheep, CLN5 and CLN6, are used to study human disorders. A mutation in a soluble lysosomal protein (CLN5) causes NCL in Borderdale sheep and the South Hampshire sheep have a defective intracellular endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein (CLN6). The functions of these proteins are still unclear. Generation of highly specific and sensitive antibodies to these proteins would be very useful for biological and functional studies. Studies described in this thesis used ovine CLN5 and CLN6 NCL models to establish the full length coding sequences of the genes and expression of the encoded proteins. Antibodies against ovine CLN5 and CLN6 were generated and used for characterisation studies of both proteins in vitro. The full length ovine CLN5 gene sequence was amplified using a two-step PCR and ligation strategy with internal overhanging primers. Ovine CLN5 exon 1 has an allelic variant, but it was not associated with the CLN5 sheep mutation. Recombinant ovine CLN5 and CLN6 proteins were not expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) prokaryotic systems, perhaps because the gene sequences may be toxic to the host. Recombinant ovine CLN5 and CLN6 proteins were expressed successfully in eukaryotic mammalian cells using lentiviral vectors. The adenoviral antibodies against ovine CLN5 and CLN6 specifically recognized ovine CLN5 and CLN6 as shown by immunocytochemistry, Western blotting and mass spectrometry. The rabbit anti-CLN5 antibodies specifically identified the ovine mature CLN5 glycosylated form with a molecular weight of 60 kDa in media and cells and a molecular weight of 35 kDa when deglycosylated by PNGase F. The rabbit anti-CLN6 antibodies specifically detected overexpressed ovine CLN6 at molecular weight of 27 kDa in cells by Western blotting. Mass spectrometry revealed that the CLN5 N-signal sequence is cleaved off when it is mature. The deglycosylation study confirmed that CLN5 is a soluble glycosylated protein, containing high-mannose or complex type glycans at six out of eight predicted N-glycosylation sites. A lysosomal localisation of ovine CLN5 study was confirmed by rabbit anti-CLN5 antibodies labelling of the cells that also expressed the lysosomal associated membrane protein LAMP1, while ER intracellular localisation of ovine CLN6 was revealed by co-staining with rabbit anti-CLN6 antibodies and an ER marker. The CLN5 antibodies also detected endogenous CLN5 expression throughout the normal sheep and human brains. This study also provides evidence for the hypothesis of interactions between CLN5 and CLN6 in cultured and virally transduced neural cell lines using the anti-CLN5 and anti-CLN6 antibodies. Co-expression of CLN6 and CLN5 up-regulated…

Subjects/Keywords: Batten disease; neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis; lysosomal storage disease; animal models; sheep; brain; CLN5; CLN6; proteins; antibodies; 060108 Protein Trafficking; 070709 Veterinary Pathology; 110903 Central Nervous System

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APA (6^th Edition):

Xu, J. B. (2018). Cell biology and biochemical studies of ovine batten disease. (Thesis). Lincoln University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10182/10185

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Xu, Janet Boyu. “Cell biology and biochemical studies of ovine batten disease.” 2018. Thesis, Lincoln University. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/10185.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Xu, Janet Boyu. “Cell biology and biochemical studies of ovine batten disease.” 2018. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Xu JB. Cell biology and biochemical studies of ovine batten disease. [Internet] [Thesis]. Lincoln University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/10185.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Xu JB. Cell biology and biochemical studies of ovine batten disease. [Thesis]. Lincoln University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/10185

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Lincoln University

3. Wellby, Martin P. Maze testing of sheep for early detection of Batten disease : A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science at Lincoln University.

Degree: 2020, Lincoln University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/12085

► Batten disease is a group fatal inherited neurodegenerative diseases typically manifesting in humans in childhood. The diseases are genetically heterogeneous and characterised by cognitive loss,… (more)

▼ Batten disease is a group fatal inherited neurodegenerative diseases typically manifesting in humans in childhood. The diseases are genetically heterogeneous and characterised by cognitive loss, psychomotor deterioration, retinal degeneration, brain atrophy, seizures and premature death. Treatments for Batten disease are at an early stage, but this study is part of the development of gene therapy for the disease caused by mutations in CLN5 and CLN6. Many of the forms of Batten disease that occur in humans have also occurred spontaneously in large animals, including ovine species. Two naturally occurring sheep models of NCL are maintained at Lincoln University, a CLN6 form in South Hampshire sheep and a CLN5 form in Borderdale sheep. Affected sheep are normal at birth, but develop clinical symptoms at around 10-14 months of age. These include progressive loss of sight, and psychomotor decline, as a result of severe cortical loss and loss of retinal photoreceptors. Premature death generally occurs at around 2 years of age. Cognitive decline is a common symptom of human Batten disease and also occurs in the CLN5 and CLN6 ovine forms of the disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate if a closed-field maze test could be a useful method for determining loss of cognition in sheep with Batten disease. It was hypothesised that cognitive decline may affect an affected sheep’s ability to transit a mazes, hence offering a potential method for early diagnosis of the disease. This would help speed up the optimisation of therapeutic interventions, by providing an early measure of their efficacy. The study consisted of three experiments. The first experiment involved the development of a maze that was navigable by the sheep, and complex enough to discern between normal and affected animals. Time to complete, and path length, determined by high precision GPS, were both used as measures of the sheep’s ability. The second experiment used the final iteration of the maze developed in experiment one, to determine when differences could be seen between normal and affected animals, and measure the effectiveness of the gene therapy treatment. The final experiment used a more cognitively complex maze that used visual cues to indicate the correct path through the maze. This study established that sheep were able to navigate a complex maze. The performance of the normal cohort of both breeds was the same. All animals were slowest and took their longest paths when first exposed to the maze, but were faster and took shorter paths in subsequent transits. The untreated affected cohorts of both genotypes were generally slower and took a longer path length through the maze than their unaffected counterparts. The loss of ability of individual affected (both untreated and treated) animals to negotiate the maze correlated well with other measures of disease progression. Due to the very variable performance of affected and treated animals, the experiment did not achieve the objective of being able to discern the onset of Batten disease…

Subjects/Keywords: Batten disease; Sheep; cognitive ability; maze testing; sheep; sheep diseases; neurodegeneration; gene therapy; CLN5; CLN6; ovine Batten disease; 1109 Neurosciences; 070709 Veterinary Pathology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wellby, M. P. (2020). Maze testing of sheep for early detection of Batten disease : A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science at Lincoln University. (Thesis). Lincoln University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10182/12085

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wellby, Martin P. “Maze testing of sheep for early detection of Batten disease : A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science at Lincoln University.” 2020. Thesis, Lincoln University. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/12085.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wellby, Martin P. “Maze testing of sheep for early detection of Batten disease : A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science at Lincoln University.” 2020. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wellby MP. Maze testing of sheep for early detection of Batten disease : A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science at Lincoln University. [Internet] [Thesis]. Lincoln University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/12085.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wellby MP. Maze testing of sheep for early detection of Batten disease : A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science at Lincoln University. [Thesis]. Lincoln University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/12085

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Queensland

4. Wang, Wenqi. Investigating the suitability of dogs and pigs as animal models for blastocystosis.

Degree: School of Veterinary Science, 2015, University of Queensland

URL: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:355411

Subjects/Keywords: Protozoa; Blastocystis; Dog; Pig; Animal model; Epidemiology; Histopathology; Immunology; 070705 Veterinary Immunology; 070708 Veterinary Parasitology; 070709 Veterinary Pathology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, W. (2015). Investigating the suitability of dogs and pigs as animal models for blastocystosis. (Thesis). University of Queensland. Retrieved from http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:355411

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Wenqi. “Investigating the suitability of dogs and pigs as animal models for blastocystosis.” 2015. Thesis, University of Queensland. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:355411.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Wenqi. “Investigating the suitability of dogs and pigs as animal models for blastocystosis.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wang W. Investigating the suitability of dogs and pigs as animal models for blastocystosis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:355411.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wang W. Investigating the suitability of dogs and pigs as animal models for blastocystosis. [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2015. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:355411

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Queensland

5. Todhunter, Kristen Hansen. Pathology of equine amnionitis and foetal lLoss: clinical and experimental studies.

Degree: School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 2015, University of Queensland

URL: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:349250

Subjects/Keywords: Equine; Abortion; Foetal loss; Amnionitis; Caterpillar; Setae; Placentitis; 070206 Animal Reproduction; 070707 Veterinary Microbiology (excl. Virology); 070709 Veterinary Pathology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Todhunter, K. H. (2015). Pathology of equine amnionitis and foetal lLoss: clinical and experimental studies. (Thesis). University of Queensland. Retrieved from http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:349250

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Todhunter, Kristen Hansen. “Pathology of equine amnionitis and foetal lLoss: clinical and experimental studies.” 2015. Thesis, University of Queensland. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:349250.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Todhunter, Kristen Hansen. “Pathology of equine amnionitis and foetal lLoss: clinical and experimental studies.” 2015. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Todhunter KH. Pathology of equine amnionitis and foetal lLoss: clinical and experimental studies. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:349250.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Todhunter KH. Pathology of equine amnionitis and foetal lLoss: clinical and experimental studies. [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2015. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:349250

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Queensland

6. Suen, Willy. Investigation of neuropathogenesis and control of an equine-pathogenic Australian West Nile virus isolate in an established CD1 Swiss white mouse and a novel rabbit model.

Degree: School of Veterinary Science, 2017, University of Queensland

URL: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:417300

Subjects/Keywords: West Nile virus; Flavivirus; Pathogenesis; Immunity; Virus control; Animal model; 060506 Virology; 070705 Veterinary Immunology; 070709 Veterinary Pathology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Suen, W. (2017). Investigation of neuropathogenesis and control of an equine-pathogenic Australian West Nile virus isolate in an established CD1 Swiss white mouse and a novel rabbit model. (Thesis). University of Queensland. Retrieved from http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:417300

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Suen, Willy. “Investigation of neuropathogenesis and control of an equine-pathogenic Australian West Nile virus isolate in an established CD1 Swiss white mouse and a novel rabbit model.” 2017. Thesis, University of Queensland. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:417300.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Suen, Willy. “Investigation of neuropathogenesis and control of an equine-pathogenic Australian West Nile virus isolate in an established CD1 Swiss white mouse and a novel rabbit model.” 2017. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Suen W. Investigation of neuropathogenesis and control of an equine-pathogenic Australian West Nile virus isolate in an established CD1 Swiss white mouse and a novel rabbit model. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:417300.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Suen W. Investigation of neuropathogenesis and control of an equine-pathogenic Australian West Nile virus isolate in an established CD1 Swiss white mouse and a novel rabbit model. [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2017. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:417300

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Lincoln University

7. Ross, Anthony Donald. Studies on neoplasms of sheep : with emphasis on adenocarcinoma of the small intestine.

Degree: 1984, Lincoln University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1965

► Scarcity of data has lead to confusion concerning the prevalence, common sites and types of neoplastic diseases in sheep. Sheep neoplasm diagnoses were retrieved from… (more)

▼ Scarcity of data has lead to confusion concerning the prevalence, common sites and types of neoplastic diseases in sheep. Sheep neoplasm diagnoses were retrieved from veterinary pathology laboratories in New Zealand (316 cases), New South Wales (109 cases), Britain (679 cases) and Glasgow University (42 cases). Data of this type contains certain biases and cannot be used to calculate prevalence rates but it can provide a guide to common sites and types of neoplasms. Tumours of epithelial, lymphoid and other mesenchymal tissues were all diagnosed regularly and affected a wide range of organs and tissues in sheep. They were most frequently situated in the lung (Britain and Glasgow series only), lymphoid tissues, intestines, skin and liver, followed at lower frequencies by cartilage and heart. The most common neoplastic diseases were: lymphosarcoma, small intestinal adenocarcinoma (SIA), pulmonary adenomatosis (Britain and Glasgow only) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (NSW only). Some tumours were associated with certain age groups. Nephroblastoma and melanoma occurred predominantly in young lambs. SIA, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, bile duct carcinoma, renal carcinoma and tumours of cartilage were found in old (> 5 yr) sheep. Lymphosarcoma and hepatocellular tumours were found in all age groups. Whilst SIA was known to occur regularly in New Zealand (NZ) the frequency of its occurrence in Australia was unknown. The prevalence rate of SIA in Australian sheep was of epidemiological interest. Its presence or absence would focus attention on potential carcinogens that were either present in both countries or unique to New Zealand. A survey of 6,248 adult sheep in 3 export abattoirs in southern New South Wales detected 17 cases of SIA (0.27%). Gross and histological appearance of the tumours was similar to that described in NZ. Factors causing SIA were widespread as 8 of the 30 groups inspected contained affected animals (27%). It was concluded that SIA was seen regularly in adult sheep at abattoirs in New South Wales. A larger NZ study of age-matched groups of adult female sheep from 88 plains, hill and high country farms was conducted in the South Island to investigate the relative influence of genotype and farm environment on the prevalence rate of SIA. A total of 20,678 female sheep aged 5.5-7.5 years were examined at slaughter, 125 cases of SIA were found in animals from 61 of 88 farms (69%). Mean prevalence rate was 0.6% (range 0-3.8%). Non-Merino breeds (0.88%) had a significantly higher rate (P < 0.001) than Merino (0.37%) and Merino-Cross (0.40%) breeds. Differences between rates in the 3 farm environments were not significant (P = 0.215). A correlational study of questionnaire data from the 88 groups of adult female sheep surveyed revealed a strong (P <0.001) relationship between prevalence rate of SIA and exposure to phenoxy (Ph), picolinic (Pi) and PhPi acid herbicides. Other variables were also related to tumour rate but the herbicide effect explained the strength of the…

Subjects/Keywords: sheep; neoplasms; adenocarcinoma; veterinary pathology; epidemiology; tumours; phenoxy herbicides; Picolinic acid herbicides; pulmonary adenomatosis; 070205 Animal Protection (Pests and Pathogens); 070709 Veterinary Pathology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ross, A. D. (1984). Studies on neoplasms of sheep : with emphasis on adenocarcinoma of the small intestine. (Thesis). Lincoln University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1965

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ross, Anthony Donald. “Studies on neoplasms of sheep : with emphasis on adenocarcinoma of the small intestine.” 1984. Thesis, Lincoln University. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1965.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ross, Anthony Donald. “Studies on neoplasms of sheep : with emphasis on adenocarcinoma of the small intestine.” 1984. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ross AD. Studies on neoplasms of sheep : with emphasis on adenocarcinoma of the small intestine. [Internet] [Thesis]. Lincoln University; 1984. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1965.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ross AD. Studies on neoplasms of sheep : with emphasis on adenocarcinoma of the small intestine. [Thesis]. Lincoln University; 1984. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1965

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Queensland

8. Shini, Agim. Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens: Field and Experimental Investigations.

Degree: School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 2014, University of Queensland

URL: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:346438

Subjects/Keywords: Fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrome; Laying hens; Oestradiol; Eggs; Cage housing; Body weight; Mortality; Hepatic inflammation; Leukocytes; Fibrinogen; 060604 Comparative Physiology; 070203 Animal Management; 070709 Veterinary Pathology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shini, A. (2014). Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens: Field and Experimental Investigations. (Thesis). University of Queensland. Retrieved from http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:346438

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shini, Agim. “Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens: Field and Experimental Investigations.” 2014. Thesis, University of Queensland. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:346438.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shini, Agim. “Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens: Field and Experimental Investigations.” 2014. Web. 17 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Shini A. Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens: Field and Experimental Investigations. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 17]. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:346438.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shini A. Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome in Laying Hens: Field and Experimental Investigations. [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2014. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:346438

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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