subject:( Wnt Proteins metabolism)

McMaster University

1. RANAWADE, AYUSH. PRY-1/AXIN REGULATE AGING, LIPID METABOLISM AND SEAM-CELL ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.

Degree: PhD, 2017, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22095

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The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans is an ideal animal model to study conserved mechanisms of developmental and postdevelopmental processes. Here, I describe the role of an… (more)

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The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans is an ideal animal model to study conserved mechanisms of developmental and postdevelopmental processes. Here, I describe the role of an Axin family member, pry-1, in aging, lipid metabolism, and seam cell development. Our analysis of pry-1 animals showed a catastrophic collapse of adult lifespan, which was accompanied with hallmarks of accelerated aging. Transcriptome profiling of pry-1 mutants revealed altered expression of genes associated with aging and lipid metabolism such as vitellogenins, fatty acid desaturases, lipases, fatty acid transporters and genes involved in cuticle synthesis. Consistent with this, pry-1 animals display significantly reduced levels of somatic lipids. Knockdowns of vitellogenins in the pry-1 background restored lifespan and lipid levels, suggesting that vitellogenins are necessary to mediate pry-1 function in aging and lipid metabolic processes. Additionally, lowered expression of desaturases and lipidomics analysis provided evidence of reduced fatty acid synthesis in pry-1 animals. In agreement with this, an exogenous supply of oleic acid restored depleted lipids in somatic tissues in addition to suppressing the short-lived phenotype of worms. In addition, transcriptome profiling for differentially expressed miRNAs in pry-1(mu38) identified heterochronic miRNAs (lin-4 and let-7 -family members) to act downstream of pry-1 /Axin. In C. elegans, these miRNAs are known to robustly regulate the stem-like, seam cell division. Loss of pry-1 function caused heterochronic defects such that the seam cells divide precociously to produce additional cells. The pry-1-miRNAs are involved in mediating silencing of the heterochronic gene, hbl-1, a C. elegans hunchback homolog, to regulate seam cell division. Furthermore, I report identification of novel miRNAs from C. elegans and C. briggsae. Overall, our findings demonstrate a novel role of the Wnt signaling regulator, pry-1/Axin, in the maintenance of adult lifespan that involves lipid homeostasis and regulation of heterochronic miRNA to control the developmental timing of seam cell division in C. elegans.

Thesis

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Advisors/Committee Members: GUPTA, BHAGWATI, Biology.

Subjects/Keywords: C. ELEGANS; WNT SIGNALING; LIPID METABOLISM; AGING

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APA (6^th Edition):

RANAWADE, A. (2017). PRY-1/AXIN REGULATE AGING, LIPID METABOLISM AND SEAM-CELL ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS. (Doctoral Dissertation). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22095

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

RANAWADE, AYUSH. “PRY-1/AXIN REGULATE AGING, LIPID METABOLISM AND SEAM-CELL ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, McMaster University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22095.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

RANAWADE, AYUSH. “PRY-1/AXIN REGULATE AGING, LIPID METABOLISM AND SEAM-CELL ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS.” 2017. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

RANAWADE A. PRY-1/AXIN REGULATE AGING, LIPID METABOLISM AND SEAM-CELL ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McMaster University; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22095.

Council of Science Editors:

RANAWADE A. PRY-1/AXIN REGULATE AGING, LIPID METABOLISM AND SEAM-CELL ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McMaster University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22095

University of Alberta

2. McCarthy, Amanda Marie. An investigation of endogenous ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing hormone following the consumption of two different relative doses of oral l-arginine.

Degree: MS, Physical Education and Recreation, 2011, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/05741s32t

► Individuals consume the amino acid L-arginine (L-arg) to obtain an anabolic response. However, little is known concerning the mechanism for using an oral dose. The… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Growth hormone releasing factor; Ghrelin – Metabolism; Arginine – Metabolism; Proteins – Metabolism; Somatotropin

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APA (6^th Edition):

McCarthy, A. M. (2011). An investigation of endogenous ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing hormone following the consumption of two different relative doses of oral l-arginine. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/05741s32t

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McCarthy, Amanda Marie. “An investigation of endogenous ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing hormone following the consumption of two different relative doses of oral l-arginine.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed December 10, 2019. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/05741s32t.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McCarthy, Amanda Marie. “An investigation of endogenous ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing hormone following the consumption of two different relative doses of oral l-arginine.” 2011. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

McCarthy AM. An investigation of endogenous ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing hormone following the consumption of two different relative doses of oral l-arginine. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 2011. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/05741s32t.

Council of Science Editors:

McCarthy AM. An investigation of endogenous ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing hormone following the consumption of two different relative doses of oral l-arginine. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 2011. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/05741s32t

University of British Columbia

3. Cheeke, Peter Robert. The changes of the serum protein-bound iodine during growth in the Holstein calf and the Wistar albino rat .

Degree: 1965, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37086

► The changes in the level of circulating thyroid hormone, or protein-bound iodine (PBI), in the male Holstein calf and the Wistar Albino rat during a… (more)

▼ The changes in the level of circulating thyroid hormone, or protein-bound iodine (PBI), in the male Holstein calf and the Wistar Albino rat during a portion of the growth period have been determined. Two levels of nutrition were employed.in each case to determine if the nutritional status exerted an appreciable effect on the measured PBI level. Repetitive measurements of the serum PBI were conducted with each of eight calves in order to assess age changes, while with the rats single determinations were made on animals killed at regular weight intervals. Carcass analysis of the rats, including body fat and water determinations of the individual animals, and protein and ash analysis of a pooled sample from each group, was conducted with the intent of relating age changes of the serum PBI to a measure of "metabolically active tissue". The PBI level of the Holstein calf was found to increase with age in the growth interval considered. The rate of change of the PBI level of the low plane calves appeared to be less than in the high plane animals; the degree of variability was such, however, that a definite effect of nutrition could not be shown. No correlation was found between either the initial PBI level or the level at slaughter and the daily rate of gain. The resting metabolic rate of the calves was determined prior to the removal of a blood sample for PBI analysis. No relationship between the serum PBI level and the metabolic rate existed. In the case of the rats, no correlation was found between the serum PBI level and chronological age, body weight or fat-free body weight. A great deal of variability of the PBI level among animals in the same group was observed. Possible reasons for this variability are discussed. The body composition data of the high plane rats followed accepted trends, with the body water, protein and ash fractions exhibiting differential growth with respect to body weight and fat-free body weight. The composition of the low plane rats was not appreciably different from that of the high plane animals at equal body weights. The realimentation period was characterized by the deposition of large quantities of body fat. The significance of these findings in terms of the results of other investigators is discussed. Various workers have attempted to relate the serum PBI level of a young animal with its potential productive worth. No evidence was obtained in this study of such a relationship; a discussion of the many factors affecting the serum PBI level is offered to support the contention that no such relationship should be anticipated.

Subjects/Keywords: Proteins – Metabolism; Iodine

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cheeke, P. R. (1965). The changes of the serum protein-bound iodine during growth in the Holstein calf and the Wistar albino rat . (Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37086

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cheeke, Peter Robert. “The changes of the serum protein-bound iodine during growth in the Holstein calf and the Wistar albino rat .” 1965. Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37086.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cheeke, Peter Robert. “The changes of the serum protein-bound iodine during growth in the Holstein calf and the Wistar albino rat .” 1965. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Cheeke PR. The changes of the serum protein-bound iodine during growth in the Holstein calf and the Wistar albino rat . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1965. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37086.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cheeke PR. The changes of the serum protein-bound iodine during growth in the Holstein calf and the Wistar albino rat . [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1965. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37086

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Guelph

4. Delfosse, Kathleen. Investigations of the Effects of Subcellular Sugar Levels on Plastid Morphology .

Degree: 2018, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12585

► Plastid extensions, known as stromules, are an enigmatic feature of all land plants observed to date but the mechanism by which they extend remains unknown.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Stromule; Plastids; Fluorescent proteins; Chloroplast metabolism; Microscopy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Delfosse, K. (2018). Investigations of the Effects of Subcellular Sugar Levels on Plastid Morphology . (Thesis). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12585

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Delfosse, Kathleen. “Investigations of the Effects of Subcellular Sugar Levels on Plastid Morphology .” 2018. Thesis, University of Guelph. Accessed December 10, 2019. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12585.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Delfosse, Kathleen. “Investigations of the Effects of Subcellular Sugar Levels on Plastid Morphology .” 2018. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Delfosse K. Investigations of the Effects of Subcellular Sugar Levels on Plastid Morphology . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12585.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Delfosse K. Investigations of the Effects of Subcellular Sugar Levels on Plastid Morphology . [Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2018. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12585

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

McGill University

5. Charest-Marcotte, Alexis, 1984-. Functional interaction between PROX1, ERR[alpha] and PGC-1[alpha] in the control of energy metabolism.

Degree: MS, Department of Biochemistry., 2009, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111571.pdf

► Nuclear receptors play crucial roles in the transcriptional regulation of many biological processes such as development and cellular differentiation. ERRalpha is known, along with coactivator… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Liver – metabolism.; Homeodomain Proteins – metabolism.; Receptors, Estrogen – metabolism.; Heat-Shock Proteins – metabolism.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Charest-Marcotte, Alexis, 1. (2009). Functional interaction between PROX1, ERR[alpha] and PGC-1[alpha] in the control of energy metabolism. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111571.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Charest-Marcotte, Alexis, 1984-. “Functional interaction between PROX1, ERR[alpha] and PGC-1[alpha] in the control of energy metabolism.” 2009. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111571.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Charest-Marcotte, Alexis, 1984-. “Functional interaction between PROX1, ERR[alpha] and PGC-1[alpha] in the control of energy metabolism.” 2009. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Charest-Marcotte, Alexis 1. Functional interaction between PROX1, ERR[alpha] and PGC-1[alpha] in the control of energy metabolism. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111571.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Charest-Marcotte, Alexis 1. Functional interaction between PROX1, ERR[alpha] and PGC-1[alpha] in the control of energy metabolism. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 2009. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111571.pdf

McGill University

6. Mohamed, Othman. Identification of multiple roles for Wnt signaling during mouse development.

Degree: PhD, Department of Biology., 2004, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile85087.pdf

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Signaling molecules play essential roles in communication between cells. Wnt signaling molecules are critical for embryonic development of several organisms. I examined the involvement of… (more)

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Signaling molecules play essential roles in communication between cells. Wnt signaling molecules are critical for embryonic development of several organisms. I examined the involvement of Wnt signaling during two major developmental processes, namely embryo implantation and formation of the embryonic body axes. Using RT-PCR analysis, I showed that multiple Wnt genes are expressed in the blastocyst at the time of implantation. Moreover, expression of Wnt 11 requires both estrogen produced by the mother and the uterine environment. Using a transgenic approach, I showed that beta-catenin-regulated transcriptional activity, which is a major transducer of Wnt signaling, is activated in the uterus specifically at the site of implantation in an embryo-dependent manner. These results introduce Wnts as candidate signaling factors that may mediate the communication between the embryo and uterus that initiates implantation.

Wnt/beta-catenin signaling triggers axis formation in Xenopus and zebrafish embryos. I showed that, during embryonic development, beta-catenin-regulated transcriptional activity is first detected in the prospective primitive streak region prior to gastrulation. This demarcates the posterior region of the embryo. This activity then becomes restricted to the elongating primitive streak and to the node. In Xenopus embryos, beta-catenin participates in the formation of the organizer through the activation of the homeodomain transcription factors Siamois and Twin. I obtained evidence that a Siamois/Twin-like binding activity exists in mouse embryos and is localized in the node. These results strongly suggest that, as the case in Xenopus and zebrafish, the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is involved in establishing embryonic body axes.

Furthermore, using the transgenic mouse line that I generated for these studies, I mapped the transcriptional activity of beta-catenin during mouse embryonic development. These results revealed when and where this activity, and presumably Wnt signaling, is active during the development of several organs and embryonic structures.

Subjects/Keywords: Wnt proteins.; Cellular signal transduction.; Morphogenesis.; Mice – Embryology.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mohamed, O. (2004). Identification of multiple roles for Wnt signaling during mouse development. (Doctoral Dissertation). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile85087.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mohamed, Othman. “Identification of multiple roles for Wnt signaling during mouse development.” 2004. Doctoral Dissertation, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile85087.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mohamed, Othman. “Identification of multiple roles for Wnt signaling during mouse development.” 2004. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Mohamed O. Identification of multiple roles for Wnt signaling during mouse development. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McGill University; 2004. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile85087.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Mohamed O. Identification of multiple roles for Wnt signaling during mouse development. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McGill University; 2004. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile85087.pdf

University of Alberta

7. Adegoke, Olasunkanmi John A. Nutritional regulation of protein metabolism in the small intestinal mucosa.

Degree: PhD, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, 1998, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d56zz95j

Subjects/Keywords: Proteins – Metabolism.; Intestine, Small – Metabolism.; Gastrointestinal mucosa – Metabolism.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Adegoke, O. J. A. (1998). Nutritional regulation of protein metabolism in the small intestinal mucosa. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d56zz95j

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Adegoke, Olasunkanmi John A. “Nutritional regulation of protein metabolism in the small intestinal mucosa.” 1998. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed December 10, 2019. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d56zz95j.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Adegoke, Olasunkanmi John A. “Nutritional regulation of protein metabolism in the small intestinal mucosa.” 1998. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Adegoke OJA. Nutritional regulation of protein metabolism in the small intestinal mucosa. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 1998. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d56zz95j.

Council of Science Editors:

Adegoke OJA. Nutritional regulation of protein metabolism in the small intestinal mucosa. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 1998. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6d56zz95j

McGill University

8. Buscarlet, Manuel. The neural progenitor to neuron transition : role and regulation of GrouchoTLE proteins.

Degree: PhD, Division of Neuroscience., 2008, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile115670.pdf

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Groucho/transducin-like Enhancer of split (Gro/TLE) family proteins are corepressors found as part of multiple transcriptional complexes that play significant roles during many developmental processes, including… (more)

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Groucho/transducin-like Enhancer of split (Gro/TLE) family proteins are corepressors found as part of multiple transcriptional complexes that play significant roles during many developmental processes, including neurogenesis. This thesis sought to characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the biological activity of Gro/TLE1. More specifically, the aim was to clarify the contribution of different transcriptional cofactors, as well as phosphorylation events induced by cofactor binding, to Gro/TLE1 ability to inhibit neuronal differentiation from proliferating neural progenitor cells.

By characterizing specific point mutations within the C-terminal domain of Gro/TLE1, we were able to selectively impair binding of Gro/TLE1 to different classes of DNA-binding proteins and then assess the effect of those mutations on Gro/TLE1 anti-neurogenic function. These studies showed that the inhibition of cerebral cortex (cortical) neuron differentiation by Gro/TLE1 requires interaction with transcription factors that use short tetrapeptide sequences, WRP(W/Y), to recruit Gro/TLE1. In contrast, interactions with proteins that either interact with the C-terminal domain of Gro/TLE1 using a different type of binding sequence, termed engrailed homology 1 (Eh1) motif, or bind to the N-terminal part of the protein, are not required for Gro/TLE1 anti-neurogenic function.

Using a similar strategy based on mutation analysis, we characterized point mutations that block the hyperphosphorylation of Gro/TLE1 induced by transcription cofactor binding ("cofactor-activated phosphorylation") without impairing cofactor binding and transcriptional corepression ability. These mutations map at phosphorylatable serine residues, Ser-286, Ser-289, and Ser298. Mutation of those residues to alanine blocks/reduces both cofactor-activated phosphorylation and anti-neurogenic activity of Gro/TLE1, demonstrating that cofactor-activated phosphorylation is required for that function. Tandem mass spectroscopy analysis showed further that Ser-286 is phosphorylated. Taken together, these findings characterize the role of cofactor-activated phosphorylation and identify residues important for this mechanism.

Our studies also showed that homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) mediates phosphorylation of Gro/TLE1 when the latter is complexed with transcriptional partners of the WRP(W/Y) motif family. However, HIPK2 is not involved in Gro/TLE1 cofactor-activated phosphorylation. Rather, HIPK2 – mediated phosphorylation is antagonistic to the latter and decreases the ability of Gro/TLE1 to interact and repress transcription with WRP(W/Y) motif proteins.

Taken together, these results improve significantly our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the anti-neurogenic function of Gro/TLE1. This information provides new insight into the regulation of mammalian neuronal development and, possibly, other developmental processes controlled by Gro/TLE proteins.

Subjects/Keywords: Neurons – metabolism.; Cerebral Cortex – metabolism.; Repressor Proteins – metabolism.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Buscarlet, M. (2008). The neural progenitor to neuron transition : role and regulation of GrouchoTLE proteins. (Doctoral Dissertation). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile115670.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Buscarlet, Manuel. “The neural progenitor to neuron transition : role and regulation of GrouchoTLE proteins.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile115670.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Buscarlet, Manuel. “The neural progenitor to neuron transition : role and regulation of GrouchoTLE proteins.” 2008. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Buscarlet M. The neural progenitor to neuron transition : role and regulation of GrouchoTLE proteins. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McGill University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile115670.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Buscarlet M. The neural progenitor to neuron transition : role and regulation of GrouchoTLE proteins. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McGill University; 2008. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile115670.pdf

University of Saskatchewan

9. Prusinkiewicz, Martin. The role of metal metabolism and heat shock protein genes on replicative lifespan of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Degree: 2015, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-12-2367

► A variety of genes that influence aging have been identified in a broad selection of organisms including Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast), Caenorhabditis elegans (worms), Drosophila (fruit… (more)

▼ A variety of genes that influence aging have been identified in a broad selection of organisms including Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast), Caenorhabditis elegans (worms), Drosophila (fruit flies), Macaca Mulatta (rhesus monkeys), and even Homo sapiens. Many of these genes, such the TOR’s, FOXO’s, AKT’s, and S6K’s are conserved across different organisms. All of these genes participate in nutrient sensing networks. Other conserved genetic networks may similarly affect lifespan. In this thesis, I explored genes from an iron metabolism family and a heat shock protein (HSP) gene family that have been identified, but not confirmed, to influence lifespan. Yeast is a reliable model for mitotic (replicative) aging. Using yeast, I tested whether the FET-genes, encoding a family of iron importer-related genes, are required for mitotic lifespan. I also tested whether another family of genes, the yeast SSA HSP70- encoding genes, related to mammalian HSP70s, influence mitotic aging. I primarily used the replicative lifespan (RLS) assay, in which I measured the mitotic capacity of multiple FET and SSA yeast mutants. I hypothesize that aging occurs when iron transport is misregulated, which may lead to an over-reliance on HSPs for lifespan maintenance. The results presented in this thesis support the hypothesis. First, FET3 was primarily involved in lifespan maintenance under normal conditions (2% glucose), while FET5 was primarily involved in the cellular lifespan extension characteristic of caloric restriction (0.01% glucose), a known anti-aging intervention. In addition, SSA2 appeared to facilitate lifespan maintenance in the absence of FET4, while the presence of SSA1 limited lifespan length. That the aging genes identified in this study are involved in iron metabolism or heat stress suggests that protein aggregation or reactive oxidative species production are common processes through which these genes interact. Advisors/Committee Members: Harkness, Troy, Boughner, Julia, Eames, Brian.

Subjects/Keywords: Yeast; Aging; Replicative Lifespan; Metal Metabolism; Heat Shock Proteins; FET; SSA

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APA (6^th Edition):

Prusinkiewicz, M. (2015). The role of metal metabolism and heat shock protein genes on replicative lifespan of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-12-2367

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Prusinkiewicz, Martin. “The role of metal metabolism and heat shock protein genes on replicative lifespan of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.” 2015. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-12-2367.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Prusinkiewicz, Martin. “The role of metal metabolism and heat shock protein genes on replicative lifespan of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.” 2015. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Prusinkiewicz M. The role of metal metabolism and heat shock protein genes on replicative lifespan of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2015. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-12-2367.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Prusinkiewicz M. The role of metal metabolism and heat shock protein genes on replicative lifespan of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-12-2367

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of British Columbia

10. Rogier, John Charles. Efficiency of protein utilization by growing chinchilla fed two levels of protein.

Degree: 1971, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34194

► Six male and six female chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) in the late phase of growth were used to study the effects of sex, crude protein level… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Proteins – Metabolism; Chinchilla lanigera

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rogier, J. C. (1971). Efficiency of protein utilization by growing chinchilla fed two levels of protein. (Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34194

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rogier, John Charles. “Efficiency of protein utilization by growing chinchilla fed two levels of protein. ” 1971. Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34194.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rogier, John Charles. “Efficiency of protein utilization by growing chinchilla fed two levels of protein. ” 1971. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Rogier JC. Efficiency of protein utilization by growing chinchilla fed two levels of protein. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1971. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34194.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rogier JC. Efficiency of protein utilization by growing chinchilla fed two levels of protein. [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1971. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34194

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of British Columbia

11. McDonald, Helen L. Studies on the processing of rubella virus structural proteins by analysis of the endoproteolytic cleavage sites .

Degree: 1990, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28739

► Rubella virus is a small enveloped positive strand RNA virus. Two species of viral RNA are found in infected cells: a full-length genomic RNA and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Rubella virus; Proteins – Metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

McDonald, H. L. (1990). Studies on the processing of rubella virus structural proteins by analysis of the endoproteolytic cleavage sites . (Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28739

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McDonald, Helen L. “Studies on the processing of rubella virus structural proteins by analysis of the endoproteolytic cleavage sites .” 1990. Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28739.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McDonald, Helen L. “Studies on the processing of rubella virus structural proteins by analysis of the endoproteolytic cleavage sites .” 1990. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

McDonald HL. Studies on the processing of rubella virus structural proteins by analysis of the endoproteolytic cleavage sites . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1990. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28739.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

McDonald HL. Studies on the processing of rubella virus structural proteins by analysis of the endoproteolytic cleavage sites . [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1990. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28739

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

McGill University

12. Faubert, Amélie. Towards the identification of cellular and molecular regulators of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal.

Degree: PhD, Division of Experimental Medicine., 2007, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile103195.pdf

►

Self-renewal is central to the expansion of normal and cancerous stem cells. Its understanding is therefore critical for future advances in transplantation-based therapies and cancer… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Hematopoietic Stem Cells – metabolism.; Homeodomain Proteins – metabolism.; Proto-Oncogene Proteins – metabolism.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Faubert, A. (2007). Towards the identification of cellular and molecular regulators of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal. (Doctoral Dissertation). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile103195.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Faubert, Amélie. “Towards the identification of cellular and molecular regulators of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile103195.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Faubert, Amélie. “Towards the identification of cellular and molecular regulators of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal.” 2007. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Faubert A. Towards the identification of cellular and molecular regulators of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McGill University; 2007. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile103195.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Faubert A. Towards the identification of cellular and molecular regulators of hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McGill University; 2007. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile103195.pdf

McGill University

13. Jani, Klodiana. The role of integrin-dependent cell matrix adhesion in muscle development.

Degree: PhD, Department of Biology., 2009, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile115688.pdf

►

Cell adhesion is essential to cell motility and tissue integrity and is regulated by the Integrin family of transmembrane receptors. Integrin binds to ligand extracellularly… (more)

▼

Cell adhesion is essential to cell motility and tissue integrity and is regulated by the Integrin family of transmembrane receptors. Integrin binds to ligand extracellularly and provide anchor to the intracellular cytoskeleton via adhesion scaffolding proteins. In order to link cell to the surrounding matrix Integrin needs to be activated. Intracellular activation signals induce perturbations in Integrin cytoplasmic domain that are translated into a conformational change in extracellular region for high affinity ligand binding. Integrin engagement by matrix, in turn, triggers the assembly of adhesion complexes. Such early adhesions promote cytoskeletal organization with subsequent contractile activity that exerts forces against initial Integrin-matrix adhesions. In response to force, Integrin strengthens the interaction with matrix through its clustering and successive recruitment of additional adhesion components. These bidirectional regulatory loops mediated by such interactions are largely dependent on the unique function of Integrin adhesion components.

We demonstrate a novel role for the PDZ/LIM domain protein Zasp as a core component of Integrin adhesions. Specifically, Zasp colocalizes with Integrins at focal adhesion in cultured cells and myotendinous junctions in Drosophila embryos. In both cases elimination of Zasp modifies Integrin function causing consequently defects in cell spreading and muscle attachment. Zasp supports Integrin adhesion to the extracellular matrix that is required to withstand tensile forces exerted during cell spreading and muscle contraction. Furthermore, we found that the distribution of Zasp in muscle Z-lines is essential to orchestrate the cross-linking of alpha-Actinin and Actin filaments. Disruption of Zasp leads to loss of muscle cytoarchitecture, pointing to a larger role for Zasp in sarcomere assembly. Finally, we demonstrate that Zasp, in addition to alpha-Actinin, physically interacts with the Integrin- and Actin-bound cytoskeletal protein Talin.

Collectively, our results point to a dual role for Zasp as a structural scaffold. First it regulates Integrin adhesion to the extracellular matrix by interacting with the head domain of Talin at the myotendinous junctions. Second, Zasp controls sarcomere assembly by tethering the presarcomeric alpha-Actinin component to the tail domain of Talin. Zasp finding as a crucial adhesion component provides further insights on the mechanism underlying Integrin-mediated adhesion.

Subjects/Keywords: Striated muscle – Metabolism.; Integrins – Metabolism.; Cell adhesion.; Muscle, Skeletal – metabolism.; Integrins – metabolism.; Drosophila Proteins – metabolism.; Carrier Proteins – metabolism.; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing – metabolism.; Cell Adhesion – physiology.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Jani, K. (2009). The role of integrin-dependent cell matrix adhesion in muscle development. (Doctoral Dissertation). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile115688.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jani, Klodiana. “The role of integrin-dependent cell matrix adhesion in muscle development.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile115688.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jani, Klodiana. “The role of integrin-dependent cell matrix adhesion in muscle development.” 2009. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Jani K. The role of integrin-dependent cell matrix adhesion in muscle development. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McGill University; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile115688.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Jani K. The role of integrin-dependent cell matrix adhesion in muscle development. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McGill University; 2009. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile115688.pdf

McGill University

14. Beauchamp, Pascal. The functional role of the RNA-binding protein HuR in the regulation of muscle cell differentiation.

Degree: MS, Department of Biochemistry., 2008, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111586.pdf

► Muscle tissue development (myogenesis) involves the formation of specific fibers (myotubes) from muscle cells (myoblasts). For this to occur, the sequential expression of Myogenic Regulatory… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Myoblasts – cytology.; Myoblasts – metabolism.; RNA-Binding Proteins – metabolism.; Antigens, Surface – metabolism.; Caspases – metabolism.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Beauchamp, P. (2008). The functional role of the RNA-binding protein HuR in the regulation of muscle cell differentiation. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111586.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Beauchamp, Pascal. “The functional role of the RNA-binding protein HuR in the regulation of muscle cell differentiation.” 2008. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111586.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Beauchamp, Pascal. “The functional role of the RNA-binding protein HuR in the regulation of muscle cell differentiation.” 2008. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Beauchamp P. The functional role of the RNA-binding protein HuR in the regulation of muscle cell differentiation. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111586.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Beauchamp P. The functional role of the RNA-binding protein HuR in the regulation of muscle cell differentiation. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 2008. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111586.pdf

McGill University

15. Ainsworth, Julia. Comparison of p53 and MAGI-3 regulation mediated by the E6 protein from high-risk human papillomavirus types 18 and 33.

Degree: MS, Department of Microbiology and Immunology., 2007, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile112368.pdf

►

The HPV E6-p53 interaction is well-understood, but not for all high-risk HPV types. In addition, HPV E6 p53-independent functions are gaining recognition for their importance… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Viral Envelope Proteins – metabolism.; Oncogene Proteins, Viral – metabolism.; Papillomaviridae – physiology.; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 – metabolism.; Membrane Proteins – metabolism.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ainsworth, J. (2007). Comparison of p53 and MAGI-3 regulation mediated by the E6 protein from high-risk human papillomavirus types 18 and 33. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile112368.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ainsworth, Julia. “Comparison of p53 and MAGI-3 regulation mediated by the E6 protein from high-risk human papillomavirus types 18 and 33.” 2007. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile112368.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ainsworth, Julia. “Comparison of p53 and MAGI-3 regulation mediated by the E6 protein from high-risk human papillomavirus types 18 and 33.” 2007. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Ainsworth J. Comparison of p53 and MAGI-3 regulation mediated by the E6 protein from high-risk human papillomavirus types 18 and 33. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 2007. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile112368.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Ainsworth J. Comparison of p53 and MAGI-3 regulation mediated by the E6 protein from high-risk human papillomavirus types 18 and 33. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 2007. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile112368.pdf

University of Alberta

16. Sim-Anderson, Lorraine. Cellular morphology associated with creatine monohydrate supplementation with concurrent periodized resistance training.

Degree: MS, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, 2000, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/mc87ps31c

Subjects/Keywords: Exercise – Physiological aspects.; Proteins – Metabolism.; Energy metabolism – Regulation.; Creatine.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sim-Anderson, L. (2000). Cellular morphology associated with creatine monohydrate supplementation with concurrent periodized resistance training. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/mc87ps31c

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sim-Anderson, Lorraine. “Cellular morphology associated with creatine monohydrate supplementation with concurrent periodized resistance training.” 2000. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed December 10, 2019. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/mc87ps31c.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sim-Anderson, Lorraine. “Cellular morphology associated with creatine monohydrate supplementation with concurrent periodized resistance training.” 2000. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Sim-Anderson L. Cellular morphology associated with creatine monohydrate supplementation with concurrent periodized resistance training. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 2000. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/mc87ps31c.

Council of Science Editors:

Sim-Anderson L. Cellular morphology associated with creatine monohydrate supplementation with concurrent periodized resistance training. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 2000. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/mc87ps31c

McGill University

17. Martel-Lorion, Chloe. Unfolded Protein Response Inhibitors Identified by High Throughput Screening of a Combinatorial Chemistry Compound Library.

Degree: MS, Department of Biochemistry, 2004, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile161940.pdf

►

Note:

The unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway is activated by an accumulation of unfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Irelp… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Protein Folding.; Endoplasmic Reticulum – metabolism.; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins – metabolism.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Martel-Lorion, C. (2004). Unfolded Protein Response Inhibitors Identified by High Throughput Screening of a Combinatorial Chemistry Compound Library. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile161940.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Martel-Lorion, Chloe. “Unfolded Protein Response Inhibitors Identified by High Throughput Screening of a Combinatorial Chemistry Compound Library.” 2004. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile161940.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Martel-Lorion, Chloe. “Unfolded Protein Response Inhibitors Identified by High Throughput Screening of a Combinatorial Chemistry Compound Library.” 2004. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Martel-Lorion C. Unfolded Protein Response Inhibitors Identified by High Throughput Screening of a Combinatorial Chemistry Compound Library. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 2004. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile161940.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Martel-Lorion C. Unfolded Protein Response Inhibitors Identified by High Throughput Screening of a Combinatorial Chemistry Compound Library. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 2004. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile161940.pdf

McGill University

18. Lattermann, Ralph. Epidural blockade and the catabolic response to surgery : an integrated analysis of perioperative protein and glucose metabolism using stable isotope kinetics in the fasted and fed state.

Degree: MS, School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition., 2002, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile29451.pdf

►

The present project investigated the effect of epidural blockade with local anesthetic on the catabolic stress response during and immediately after abdominal surgery in fasting… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Surgery – Nutritional aspects.; Peridural anesthesia.; Proteins – Metabolism.; Glucose – Metabolism.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lattermann, R. (2002). Epidural blockade and the catabolic response to surgery : an integrated analysis of perioperative protein and glucose metabolism using stable isotope kinetics in the fasted and fed state. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile29451.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lattermann, Ralph. “Epidural blockade and the catabolic response to surgery : an integrated analysis of perioperative protein and glucose metabolism using stable isotope kinetics in the fasted and fed state.” 2002. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile29451.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lattermann, Ralph. “Epidural blockade and the catabolic response to surgery : an integrated analysis of perioperative protein and glucose metabolism using stable isotope kinetics in the fasted and fed state.” 2002. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Lattermann R. Epidural blockade and the catabolic response to surgery : an integrated analysis of perioperative protein and glucose metabolism using stable isotope kinetics in the fasted and fed state. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 2002. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile29451.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Lattermann R. Epidural blockade and the catabolic response to surgery : an integrated analysis of perioperative protein and glucose metabolism using stable isotope kinetics in the fasted and fed state. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 2002. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile29451.pdf

McGill University

19. Smith, Douglas W., 1961-. The lysinuric protein intolerance phenotype : amino acid transport in cultured skin fibroblasts.

Degree: MS, Department of Biology., 1986, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile65416.pdf

Subjects/Keywords: Fibroblasts.; Amino acids – Metabolism.; Proteins – Metabolism – Disorders.; Cells – Permeability.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smith, Douglas W., 1. (1986). The lysinuric protein intolerance phenotype : amino acid transport in cultured skin fibroblasts. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile65416.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smith, Douglas W., 1961-. “The lysinuric protein intolerance phenotype : amino acid transport in cultured skin fibroblasts.” 1986. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile65416.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smith, Douglas W., 1961-. “The lysinuric protein intolerance phenotype : amino acid transport in cultured skin fibroblasts.” 1986. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Smith, Douglas W. 1. The lysinuric protein intolerance phenotype : amino acid transport in cultured skin fibroblasts. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 1986. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile65416.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Smith, Douglas W. 1. The lysinuric protein intolerance phenotype : amino acid transport in cultured skin fibroblasts. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 1986. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile65416.pdf

Simon Fraser University

20. Wang, Zhixiang. Uptake and metabolism of storage proteins by the fat body of Helicoverpa zea.

Degree: 1993, Simon Fraser University

URL: http://summit.sfu.ca/item/5570

Subjects/Keywords: Heliothis zea – Metabolism – Research.; Proteins – Metabolism – Research.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, Z. (1993). Uptake and metabolism of storage proteins by the fat body of Helicoverpa zea. (Thesis). Simon Fraser University. Retrieved from http://summit.sfu.ca/item/5570

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Zhixiang. “Uptake and metabolism of storage proteins by the fat body of Helicoverpa zea.” 1993. Thesis, Simon Fraser University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://summit.sfu.ca/item/5570.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Zhixiang. “Uptake and metabolism of storage proteins by the fat body of Helicoverpa zea.” 1993. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Wang Z. Uptake and metabolism of storage proteins by the fat body of Helicoverpa zea. [Internet] [Thesis]. Simon Fraser University; 1993. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://summit.sfu.ca/item/5570.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wang Z. Uptake and metabolism of storage proteins by the fat body of Helicoverpa zea. [Thesis]. Simon Fraser University; 1993. Available from: http://summit.sfu.ca/item/5570

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Simon Fraser University

21. Luo, Zongshu. Cloning and sequencing of a storage protein receptor fragment from the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea.

Degree: 1997, Simon Fraser University

URL: http://summit.sfu.ca/item/7445

Subjects/Keywords: Heliothis zea – Metabolism.; Proteins – Metabolism.; Amino acid sequence.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Luo, Z. (1997). Cloning and sequencing of a storage protein receptor fragment from the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea. (Thesis). Simon Fraser University. Retrieved from http://summit.sfu.ca/item/7445

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Luo, Zongshu. “Cloning and sequencing of a storage protein receptor fragment from the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea.” 1997. Thesis, Simon Fraser University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://summit.sfu.ca/item/7445.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Luo, Zongshu. “Cloning and sequencing of a storage protein receptor fragment from the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea.” 1997. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Luo Z. Cloning and sequencing of a storage protein receptor fragment from the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea. [Internet] [Thesis]. Simon Fraser University; 1997. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://summit.sfu.ca/item/7445.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Luo Z. Cloning and sequencing of a storage protein receptor fragment from the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea. [Thesis]. Simon Fraser University; 1997. Available from: http://summit.sfu.ca/item/7445

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Alberta

22. Summers, David John. Amino acid digestibility and utilization of protein sources by poultry.

Degree: PhD, Department of Animal Science, 1985, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/h989r552s

Subjects/Keywords: Poultry – Metabolism.; Proteins in animal nutrition.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Summers, D. J. (1985). Amino acid digestibility and utilization of protein sources by poultry. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/h989r552s

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Summers, David John. “Amino acid digestibility and utilization of protein sources by poultry.” 1985. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed December 10, 2019. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/h989r552s.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Summers, David John. “Amino acid digestibility and utilization of protein sources by poultry.” 1985. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Summers DJ. Amino acid digestibility and utilization of protein sources by poultry. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 1985. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/h989r552s.

Council of Science Editors:

Summers DJ. Amino acid digestibility and utilization of protein sources by poultry. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 1985. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/h989r552s

McGill University

23. Gordon, Cedric Ivanhoe. The effect of dietary pectin on protein utilization in weaning rats.

Degree: MS, Department of Animal Science, 1982, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile57384.pdf

Subjects/Keywords: Pectin; Proteins – Metabolism; Food – Fiber content

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gordon, C. I. (1982). The effect of dietary pectin on protein utilization in weaning rats. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile57384.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gordon, Cedric Ivanhoe. “The effect of dietary pectin on protein utilization in weaning rats.” 1982. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile57384.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gordon, Cedric Ivanhoe. “The effect of dietary pectin on protein utilization in weaning rats.” 1982. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Gordon CI. The effect of dietary pectin on protein utilization in weaning rats. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 1982. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile57384.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Gordon CI. The effect of dietary pectin on protein utilization in weaning rats. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 1982. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile57384.pdf

McGill University

24. Purkey, Robert Michael. Electronic spectroscopy as a probe of heterogeneity in the local environment of polar aromatic chromophores in proteins and free solution.

Degree: PhD, Department of Chemistry., 1972, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile70726.pdf

Subjects/Keywords: Proteins – Analysis; Tryptophan – Metabolism.; Electron spectroscopy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Purkey, R. M. (1972). Electronic spectroscopy as a probe of heterogeneity in the local environment of polar aromatic chromophores in proteins and free solution. (Doctoral Dissertation). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile70726.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Purkey, Robert Michael. “Electronic spectroscopy as a probe of heterogeneity in the local environment of polar aromatic chromophores in proteins and free solution.” 1972. Doctoral Dissertation, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile70726.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Purkey, Robert Michael. “Electronic spectroscopy as a probe of heterogeneity in the local environment of polar aromatic chromophores in proteins and free solution.” 1972. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Purkey RM. Electronic spectroscopy as a probe of heterogeneity in the local environment of polar aromatic chromophores in proteins and free solution. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McGill University; 1972. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile70726.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Purkey RM. Electronic spectroscopy as a probe of heterogeneity in the local environment of polar aromatic chromophores in proteins and free solution. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McGill University; 1972. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile70726.pdf

University of British Columbia

25. Tomlinson, Geraldine Ann. Oxidative assimilation of glucose by aerobic bacteria .

Degree: 1964, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39269

► Oxidative assimilation of glucose-U-C¹⁴ by several aerobic bacteria was found to involve the assimilation of radioactivity into nitrogenous cell components, principally proteinaceous, in conjunction with… (more)

▼ Oxidative assimilation of glucose-U-C¹⁴ by several aerobic bacteria was found to involve the assimilation of radioactivity into nitrogenous cell components, principally proteinaceous, in conjunction with the reincorporation of endogenously produced ammonia. In one of these bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, if the cells were starved or treated with chloramphenicol/ prior to glucose-C¹⁴ the amount of assimilation, especially into protein, was decreased. The incorporation into nucleic acids and lipids was increased by the antibiotic, but was only slightly affected by starvation. A determination of the cytological sites of the assimilated material showed that, in control cell extracts, the soluble proteins of the cytoplasm contained most of the C¹⁴. Starved or antibiotic treated cell fractions had substantially less of the label in these proteins, whereas the radioactivity incorporated into the ribosomal ribonucleic acid and the "membrane" lipids was greater. A study of the aminoacyl-soluble ribonucleic acid synthetases in P. aeruginosa revealed that these enzymes were present only in the cytoplasm. Starving the cells resulted in decreased activity of the synthetases, but they were rapidly reactivated during oxidative assimilation. The large amount of heterologous reactions between bacterial soluble ribonucleic acids and synthetases indicated that little species specificity existed. However, cross reactions between the systems in bakers' yeast and the bacteria were poor, showing that some degree of species specificity was present in these instances. Preliminary experiments on the route of assimilation of ammonia in P. aeruginosa and in P. fluorescens gave no evidence for the direct amination of pyruvate by alanine dehydrogenase, but did demonstrate a requirement for concurrent substrate oxidation while ammonia was being incorporated. In contrast, several lines of evidence indicated that ammonia was assimilated via ∝-ketoglutarate in P. aeruginosa.

Subjects/Keywords: Aerobic bacteria.; Oxidation, Physiological.; Proteins – Metabolism.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tomlinson, G. A. (1964). Oxidative assimilation of glucose by aerobic bacteria . (Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39269

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tomlinson, Geraldine Ann. “Oxidative assimilation of glucose by aerobic bacteria .” 1964. Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39269.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tomlinson, Geraldine Ann. “Oxidative assimilation of glucose by aerobic bacteria .” 1964. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Tomlinson GA. Oxidative assimilation of glucose by aerobic bacteria . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1964. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39269.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tomlinson GA. Oxidative assimilation of glucose by aerobic bacteria . [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1964. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39269

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Guelph

26. Delaney, Leanne. The role of Mcl-1 in the response of human colorectal cancer cells to treatment with dichloroacetate.

Degree: 2013, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/7418

► Dichloroacetate (DCA) it a metabolic reprogramming agent that is used to target the unique metabolism of cancer cells, but is not always effective in colorectal… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Colorectal Cancer; Cancer Metabolism; Mcl-1; Bcl-2 Proteins; Apoptosis; Cell Cycle; Proliferation; Dichloroacetate

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Delaney, L. (2013). The role of Mcl-1 in the response of human colorectal cancer cells to treatment with dichloroacetate. (Thesis). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/7418

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Delaney, Leanne. “The role of Mcl-1 in the response of human colorectal cancer cells to treatment with dichloroacetate.” 2013. Thesis, University of Guelph. Accessed December 10, 2019. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/7418.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Delaney, Leanne. “The role of Mcl-1 in the response of human colorectal cancer cells to treatment with dichloroacetate.” 2013. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Delaney L. The role of Mcl-1 in the response of human colorectal cancer cells to treatment with dichloroacetate. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/7418.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Delaney L. The role of Mcl-1 in the response of human colorectal cancer cells to treatment with dichloroacetate. [Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2013. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/7418

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

McGill University

27. Yamani, Lama. Studies on transcobalamin in cultured fibroblasts from patients with inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism.

Degree: MS, Department of Human Genetics., 2008, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile112320.pdf

► Cobalamin must be metabolized intracellularly in order to bind two enzymes: methionine synthase in cytoplasm and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase in mitochondria. Defects in this process cause… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Metabolism, Inborn Errors – metabolism.; Fibroblasts – metabolism.; Mitochondrial Proteins – metabolism.; Transcobalamins – metabolism.; Vitamin B 12 – metabolism.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yamani, L. (2008). Studies on transcobalamin in cultured fibroblasts from patients with inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile112320.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yamani, Lama. “Studies on transcobalamin in cultured fibroblasts from patients with inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism.” 2008. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile112320.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yamani, Lama. “Studies on transcobalamin in cultured fibroblasts from patients with inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism.” 2008. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Yamani L. Studies on transcobalamin in cultured fibroblasts from patients with inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile112320.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Yamani L. Studies on transcobalamin in cultured fibroblasts from patients with inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 2008. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile112320.pdf

McGill University

28. Dolatshahi, Marjan. Conformational changes of polyomavirus during cell entry.

Degree: MS, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology., 2008, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111604.pdf

► Similar to other non-enveloped viruses, the mechanism of cell entry for polyomaviruses is poorly understood. The polyomavirus capsid is an icosahedron composed of 72 pentamers… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Polyomavirus – physiology.; Capsid Proteins – metabolism.; Receptors, Virus – metabolism.; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid – metabolism.; Mice.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dolatshahi, M. (2008). Conformational changes of polyomavirus during cell entry. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111604.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dolatshahi, Marjan. “Conformational changes of polyomavirus during cell entry.” 2008. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111604.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dolatshahi, Marjan. “Conformational changes of polyomavirus during cell entry.” 2008. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Dolatshahi M. Conformational changes of polyomavirus during cell entry. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111604.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Dolatshahi M. Conformational changes of polyomavirus during cell entry. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 2008. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111604.pdf

McGill University

29. Sundaram, Priyanka. The deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 negatively regulates the expression of muscle-specific genes in L6 muscle cells.

Degree: MS, Department of Biochemistry., 2008, McGill University

URL: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111547.pdf

► Muscle wasting is a significant complication of many diseases including diabetes mellitus, renal and liver failure, HIV/AIDS, and cancer. Sustained loss of skeletal muscle can… (more)

▼ Muscle wasting is a significant complication of many diseases including diabetes mellitus, renal and liver failure, HIV/AIDS, and cancer. Sustained loss of skeletal muscle can severely impair a patient's quality of life and often results in poor tolerance and responsiveness to disease treatments. The increased protein breakdown observed during muscle atrophy has been attributed to accelerated activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, but the precise mechanisms by which this activation stimulates muscle protein loss are poorly understood. Previous work showed that the deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 is upregulated in rat skeletal muscle in various forms of muscle wasting, including streptozotocin induced diabetes, cancer, and dexamethasone treatment. 1 To further explore the role of USP19 in muscle wasting, siRNA-mediated depletion of the enzyme was carried out in L6 myotubes. Knockdown of USP19 resulted in more rapid differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes, with a greater extent of myoblast fusion. It also produced tubes that were visibly larger than those formed by myoblasts transfected with a control siRNA. At the molecular level, silencing of USP19 increased the amount of myosin heavy chain (MHC) and tropomyosin proteins. It also increased levels of MHC transcript, suggesting that USP19 acts at the level of gene transcription or mRNA stability rather than protein degradation. USP19 may mediate its effects on muscle-specific gene expression through the myogenic transcription factor myogenin, since depletion of USP19 increased protein and mRNA levels myogenin but did not affect protein levels of the related transcription factor Myf5. Moreover, the increased tropomyosin and MHC observed upon USP19 knockdown could be abolished when myogenin was simultaneously depleted using siRNA. Collectively, these results suggest that USP19 functions to inhibit the synthesis of key muscle proteins and may therefore be a promising target for the treatment of muscle atrophy.

Subjects/Keywords: Muscle Proteins – biosynthesis.; Endopeptidases – metabolism.; Muscle, Skeletal – metabolism.; Muscular Atrophy – metabolism.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Sundaram, P. (2008). The deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 negatively regulates the expression of muscle-specific genes in L6 muscle cells. (Masters Thesis). McGill University. Retrieved from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111547.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sundaram, Priyanka. “The deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 negatively regulates the expression of muscle-specific genes in L6 muscle cells.” 2008. Masters Thesis, McGill University. Accessed December 10, 2019. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111547.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sundaram, Priyanka. “The deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 negatively regulates the expression of muscle-specific genes in L6 muscle cells.” 2008. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Sundaram P. The deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 negatively regulates the expression of muscle-specific genes in L6 muscle cells. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McGill University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111547.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Sundaram P. The deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 negatively regulates the expression of muscle-specific genes in L6 muscle cells. [Masters Thesis]. McGill University; 2008. Available from: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile111547.pdf

University of Alberta

30. Windsor, Pamela J. Evolution of the sponge body plan: Wnt and the development of polarity in freshwater sponges.

Degree: PhD, Department of Biological Sciences, 2014, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/w9505152v

► Body polarity is a fundamental aspect of all multicellular organisms. Metazoans – animals – are monophyletic, but is body polarity homologous among all phyla? Sponges… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Porifera; wnt; polarity

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Windsor, P. J. (2014). Evolution of the sponge body plan: Wnt and the development of polarity in freshwater sponges. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/w9505152v

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Windsor, Pamela J. “Evolution of the sponge body plan: Wnt and the development of polarity in freshwater sponges.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed December 10, 2019. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/w9505152v.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Windsor, Pamela J. “Evolution of the sponge body plan: Wnt and the development of polarity in freshwater sponges.” 2014. Web. 10 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Windsor PJ. Evolution of the sponge body plan: Wnt and the development of polarity in freshwater sponges. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. [cited 2019 Dec 10]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/w9505152v.

Council of Science Editors:

Windsor PJ. Evolution of the sponge body plan: Wnt and the development of polarity in freshwater sponges. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/w9505152v

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations