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Cornell University
1.
Bessonov, Mariya.
Probabilistic Models For Population Dynamics
.
Degree: 2013, Cornell University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34311 
► Two interacting particle systems that serve as probabilistic models for population dynamics are studied in this work. The quadratic contact process is a stochastic spatial…
(more)
▼ Two interacting particle systems that serve as probabilistic models for population dynamics are studied in this work. The quadratic contact process is a stochastic spatial model for a population in which each individual has two parents and the dynamics are governed by random birth and death rates and an offspring distribution kernel. Another population model, due to Bolker and Pacala, models competition of different species in a forest. In both cases, we are interested in proving the existence of nontrivial stationary distributions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Saloff-Coste, Laurent Pascal (committeeMember), Gross, Leonard (committeeMember), Molchanov, Stanislav A (committeeMember).
Subjects/Keywords: probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Bessonov, M. (2013). Probabilistic Models For Population Dynamics
. (Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34311
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bessonov, Mariya. “Probabilistic Models For Population Dynamics
.” 2013. Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34311.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bessonov, Mariya. “Probabilistic Models For Population Dynamics
.” 2013. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Bessonov M. Probabilistic Models For Population Dynamics
. [Internet] [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2013. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34311.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Bessonov M. Probabilistic Models For Population Dynamics
. [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34311
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Nevada – Las Vegas
2.
Lee, James Y.
General coupon collecting models and multinomial games.
Degree: MSin Mathematical Science, Mathematical Sciences, 2010, University of Nevada – Las Vegas
URL: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/352
► The coupon collection problem is one of the most studied problems in statistics. It is the problem of collecting r (r<∞) distinct coupons one…
(more)
▼ The coupon collection problem is one of the most studied problems in statistics. It is the problem of collecting r (r<∞) distinct coupons one by one from k different kinds (k<∞) of coupons. We note that this is equivalent to the classical occupancy problem which involves the random allocation of r distinct balls into k distinct cells. Although the problem was first introduced centuries ago, it is still actively investigated today. Perhaps its greatest feature is its versatility, numerous approaches, and countless variations. For this reason, we are particularly interested in creating a classification system for the many generalizations of the coupon collection problem. In this thesis, we will introduce models that will be able to categorize these generalizations. In addition, we calculate the waiting time for the models under consideration. Our approach is to use the Dirichlet Type II integral. We compare our calculations to the ones obtained through Monte Carlo simulation. Our results will show that our models and the method used to find the waiting times are ideal for solving problems of this type.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hokwon Cho, Chair, Malwane Ananda, Sandra Catlin.
Subjects/Keywords: Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Lee, J. Y. (2010). General coupon collecting models and multinomial games. (Masters Thesis). University of Nevada – Las Vegas. Retrieved from https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/352
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lee, James Y. “General coupon collecting models and multinomial games.” 2010. Masters Thesis, University of Nevada – Las Vegas. Accessed March 29, 2020.
https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/352.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lee, James Y. “General coupon collecting models and multinomial games.” 2010. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Lee JY. General coupon collecting models and multinomial games. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Nevada – Las Vegas; 2010. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/352.
Council of Science Editors:
Lee JY. General coupon collecting models and multinomial games. [Masters Thesis]. University of Nevada – Las Vegas; 2010. Available from: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/352
University of Limerick
3.
Murphy, Conor.
An investigation into the teaching and learning of probability at senior cycle.
Degree: 2011, University of Limerick
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/2025
► In Ireland at present, the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment is comprehensively overhauling the Second Level Mathematics curriculum. This reformed curriculum is known as…
(more)
▼ In Ireland at present, the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment is comprehensively overhauling the Second Level Mathematics curriculum. This reformed curriculum is known as Project Maths and is a response to concerns about how Irish students are taught and learn mathematics. These concerns are based around the achievement of Irish student’s in international studies (Close and Oldham 2005; Cosgrove, Shiel, Sofroniou, Zastrutzki and Shortt 2005; Perkins, Moran, Cosgrove and Shiel 2010; Oldham 2002, 2006) as well as domestic and international literature which, highlights the problems associated with the behaviourist methodology favoured by Irish teachers (Conway and Sloane 2006; English, O’Donoghue and Bajpai 1992; Lyons, Lynch, Close, Sheerin and Boland 2003; NCCA 2005). The aim of the study was to improve the teaching and learning of
Probability through the development of a resource pack.
probability was chosen as the focus of the intervention due to the author’s experiences in the classroom, international literature highlighting its pedagogical difficulties (Shaughnessy 1992; Fischbein, Nello and Marino 1991; Ahlgren and Garfield 1988; Hawkins and Kapadia 1984) and its lack of popularity among Irish Leaving Certificate students (Chief Examiner 2000, 2005). The study was designed to examine the benefits of the active learning methodologies and contextualised questions promoted by the Project Maths curriculum, specifically with regards to students’ attitudes and understanding through the implementation and evaluation of a resource pack designed by the author.
The evaluation process produced data, which was inconclusive in establishing a link between the promoted methodologies and students’ attitudes and understanding. The
only significant shift in students’ attitude was a negative one in response to the statement “I know I can do well in Maths”. A dip in students’ confidence however is not unusual in studies involving changes in pedagogical style (Carpenter, Franke, Jacobs, Fennema and Epsom 1998; Cobb, Wood, Yackel, Nicholls, Wheatley, Trigatti and Perlwitz, 1991; Vershaffel and De Corte 1997; Fauzan et al. 2002; Van Reeuwijk 1992) and though not significant, student scores did improve in the three sub-categories of ‘Perception of Usefulness’, ‘Anxiety’ and ‘Effective Motivation’. There were also indications that these methodologies had a positive effect on understanding. The data also suggested that the resource pack, designed and developed by the author to support the teaching and learning of
probability, will be of use to teachers who embrace Project Maths and what it is trying to achieve in Irish classrooms.
Advisors/Committee Members: O'Donoghue, John, Ní Ríordáin, Máire.
Subjects/Keywords: probability; probability and statistics
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APA (6th Edition):
Murphy, C. (2011). An investigation into the teaching and learning of probability at senior cycle. (Thesis). University of Limerick. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10344/2025
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Murphy, Conor. “An investigation into the teaching and learning of probability at senior cycle.” 2011. Thesis, University of Limerick. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/10344/2025.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Murphy, Conor. “An investigation into the teaching and learning of probability at senior cycle.” 2011. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Murphy C. An investigation into the teaching and learning of probability at senior cycle. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Limerick; 2011. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/2025.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Murphy C. An investigation into the teaching and learning of probability at senior cycle. [Thesis]. University of Limerick; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10344/2025
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Georgia
4.
Fullilove, Brian James.
A review of ruin probability models.
Degree: MS, Statistics, 2009, University of Georgia
URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/fullilove_brian_j_200912_ms
► The probability that an insurance company can go bankrupt is a crucial quantity to be able to calculate. There are many ways to calculate such…
(more)
▼ The
probability that an insurance company can go bankrupt is a crucial quantity to be able to calculate. There are many ways to calculate such a
probability. For example, we could model the arrival of the claims with a Poisson process. Alternatively, we could use a random walk in order to model the effects that claims have on an insurance company's surplus. The
distribution of the claim sizes also could have an effect on the model. An additional model can use random walks with dependent steps in the form of a time series. This paper seeks to introduce several of the available models and contains the results of a simulation of one of Veraverbeke's (1977) results.
Advisors/Committee Members: William P. McCormick.
Subjects/Keywords: Ruin Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Fullilove, B. J. (2009). A review of ruin probability models. (Masters Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/fullilove_brian_j_200912_ms
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fullilove, Brian James. “A review of ruin probability models.” 2009. Masters Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/fullilove_brian_j_200912_ms.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fullilove, Brian James. “A review of ruin probability models.” 2009. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Fullilove BJ. A review of ruin probability models. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Georgia; 2009. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/fullilove_brian_j_200912_ms.
Council of Science Editors:
Fullilove BJ. A review of ruin probability models. [Masters Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2009. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/fullilove_brian_j_200912_ms
Texas A&M University
5.
Bolduc, Laura Christine.
Probabilistic models and reliability analysis of scour depth around bridge piers.
Degree: 2009, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1764
► Scour at a bridge pier is the formation of a hole around the pier due to the erosion of soil by flowing water; this hole…
(more)
▼ Scour at a bridge pier is the formation of a hole around the pier due to the erosion
of soil by flowing water; this hole in the soil reduces the carrying capacity of the
foundation and the pier. Excessive scour can cause a bridge pier to fail without warning.
Current predictions of the depth of the scour hole around a bridge pier are based on
deterministic models. This paper considers two alternative deterministic models to
predict scour depth. For each deterministic model, a corresponding probabilistic model
is constructed using a Bayesian statistical approach and available field and experimental
data. The developed probabilistic models account for the estimate bias in the
deterministic models and for the model uncertainty. Parameters from both prediction
models are compared to determine their accuracy. The developed probabilistic models
are used to estimate the
probability of exceedance of scour depth around bridge piers.
The method is demonstrated on an example bridge pier. The values of the model
parameters suggest that the maximum sour depth predicted by the deterministic HEC-18
Sand and HEC-18 Clay models tend to be conservative. Evidence is also found that the
applicability of the HEC-18 Clay method is not limited to clay but can also be used for other soil types. The main advantage of the HEC-18 Clay method with respect to the
HEC-18 Sand method is that it predicts the depth of scour as a function of time and can
be used to estimate the final scour at the end of the design life of a structure. The paper
addresses model uncertainties for given hydrologic variables. Hydrologic uncertainties
have been presented in a separate paper.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gardoni, Paolo (advisor), Bracci, Joseph (committee member), Briaud, Jean-Louis (committee member), Childs, Dara (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Scour; Probability
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Bolduc, L. C. (2009). Probabilistic models and reliability analysis of scour depth around bridge piers. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1764
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bolduc, Laura Christine. “Probabilistic models and reliability analysis of scour depth around bridge piers.” 2009. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1764.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bolduc, Laura Christine. “Probabilistic models and reliability analysis of scour depth around bridge piers.” 2009. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Bolduc LC. Probabilistic models and reliability analysis of scour depth around bridge piers. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1764.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Bolduc LC. Probabilistic models and reliability analysis of scour depth around bridge piers. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1764
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Southern California
6.
Secchi, Luigi Antonio.
A critical examination of the three main interpretations of
probability.
Degree: PhD, Philosophy, 2010, University of Southern California
URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/339179/rec/160
► The three main interpretations of probability (i.e. of probability-statements) are the classical/logical, the subjectivist and the relative-frequency. My dissertation is a critical examination of each…
(more)
▼ The three main interpretations of
probability (i.e. of
probability-statements) are the classical/logical, the subjectivist
and the relative-frequency. My dissertation is a critical
examination of each of these interpretations.; The core tenet of
the classical interpretation is that whenever a set of outcomes of
an event is such that a) no information is available about any of
the outcomes or b) symmetrical information is available about each
outcome, then each outcome must have the same
probability. This is
usually known as the Principle of Indifference. The logical
interpretation –which descends directly from the classical
interpretation– differs from the classical interpretation in that:
i) outcomes of the same event may be assigned unequal probabilities
and ii)
probability is a logical relation between two complex
propositions e and k (k is the information relevant to the
occurrence of e). I discuss the classical and the logical
interpretations in chapter 1.; Nowadays, the classical
interpretation is not held in high consideration. The accepted view
is that the principle of indifference, the core of this
interpretation, faces, in certain infinite domains, a devastating
paradox. In my dissertation, I contend that this is not the case.
By distinguishing between a weak principle of indifference and a
strong principle of indifference, I show that it’s not at all clear
that there is such a paradox. Thus, the classical interpretation is
unproblematic in this respect.; But the classical interpretation is
not unproblematic in general. Moreover the classical interpretation
is affected by the very same two problems that affect the logical
interpretation. First, both the classical and the logical
interpretations presuppose Kolmogorov’s axioms of
probability (or
an equivalent axiomatization). Without Kolmogorov’s axioms, an
outcome cannot be assigned a unique
probability in principle and it
is impossible to establish a probabilistic hierarchy between sets
of outcomes (i.e. either two sets of outcomes have the same
probabilities or their probabilities are not commensurable). The
problem is that it is not at all clear how to justify such a
presupposition. Surprisingly, only a few philosophers have
appreciated the seriousness of this issue. The second problem is
that neither the classical nor the logical interpretation can
provide an adequate explication of
probability. In particular my
analysis shows that any possible explication (within these two
interpretations) is either unacceptable because it is confused or
contradictory, or is unfit for the job (because it doesn’t express
or relate to any of the ideas that are usually associated with
probability, such as indetermination, prediction, indecision). This
is obviously a major problem, since the raison d’être of the
classical and the logical interpretations is to interpret, i.e. to
explicate,
probability.; The subjectivist interpretation
(subjectivism) identifies probabilities with the numerically
formulated degrees of beliefs of individual agents. Subjectivism is
the object of…
Advisors/Committee Members: Damnjanovic, Zlatan (Committee Chair), Van Cleve, James (Committee Member), Alexander, Kenneth S. (Committee Member).
Subjects/Keywords: foundations of probability; interpretations of probability
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Secchi, L. A. (2010). A critical examination of the three main interpretations of
probability. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/339179/rec/160
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Secchi, Luigi Antonio. “A critical examination of the three main interpretations of
probability.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Southern California. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/339179/rec/160.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Secchi, Luigi Antonio. “A critical examination of the three main interpretations of
probability.” 2010. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Secchi LA. A critical examination of the three main interpretations of
probability. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2010. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/339179/rec/160.
Council of Science Editors:
Secchi LA. A critical examination of the three main interpretations of
probability. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2010. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/339179/rec/160
McMaster University
7.
Hamid, Muhammad.
COMPARISONS BETWEEN ALGORITHMS TO CONSTRUCT THE RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC (ROC) CURVE FOR MULTIPLE SCREENING/DIAGNOSTIC TESTS.
Degree: MS, 2010, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8948
► Cancer can be an extremely aggressive disease, with a poor survival rate among the patients that are in the advanced stages of the disease.…
(more)
▼ Cancer can be an extremely aggressive disease, with a poor survival rate among the patients that are in the advanced stages of the disease. Early intervention can significantly affect the outcome of the disease. The requirement of early intervention necessitates a reliable cancer screening. Regular use of screening, followed by timely treatment when cancer is diagnosed, can help decrease the chances of occurrence of death due to cancer. There are several tests available for the early detection and diagnosis of cancer. When multiple diagnostic tests are performed on an individual or multiple disease markers are available it may be possible to combine the information to diagnose disease. By combining multiple tests we can optimize diagnostic accuracy. The combination of ultrasound and mammography as markers for cancer diagnosis could be useful for early intervention. Selecting a statistical tool capable of assessing the performance of a combination of different diagnostic tests is important in selecting the most suitable diagnostic standard. One way of determining the performance of any combination of diagnostic tests is through the use of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Baker (2000) proposed three ranking algorithms that optimize the ROC curve. The objective of this study was to develop and select the ranking algorithm which provides the optimal area under the ROC curve to differentiate cancer from benign. Statistically, unordered algorithms proved to be the best among the three algorithms giving average AUCs of 0.96510, followed by Jagged Ordered Algorithm and Rectangular Ordered Algorithm giving average AUCs of 0.96396 and 0.94314 respectively. Clinically, ordered algorithms seem to be the better choice due to their convenience.
Master of Science (MS)
Advisors/Committee Members: Walter, Stephen D., Statistics.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Hamid, M. (2010). COMPARISONS BETWEEN ALGORITHMS TO CONSTRUCT THE RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC (ROC) CURVE FOR MULTIPLE SCREENING/DIAGNOSTIC TESTS. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8948
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hamid, Muhammad. “COMPARISONS BETWEEN ALGORITHMS TO CONSTRUCT THE RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC (ROC) CURVE FOR MULTIPLE SCREENING/DIAGNOSTIC TESTS.” 2010. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8948.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hamid, Muhammad. “COMPARISONS BETWEEN ALGORITHMS TO CONSTRUCT THE RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC (ROC) CURVE FOR MULTIPLE SCREENING/DIAGNOSTIC TESTS.” 2010. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Hamid M. COMPARISONS BETWEEN ALGORITHMS TO CONSTRUCT THE RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC (ROC) CURVE FOR MULTIPLE SCREENING/DIAGNOSTIC TESTS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2010. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8948.
Council of Science Editors:
Hamid M. COMPARISONS BETWEEN ALGORITHMS TO CONSTRUCT THE RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC (ROC) CURVE FOR MULTIPLE SCREENING/DIAGNOSTIC TESTS. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8948
McMaster University
8.
Liu, Jennifer.
Statistical Issues in a Meta-analysis of Studies of Integrated Treatment Programs for Women with Substance Use Problems and Their Children.
Degree: MS, 2011, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8959
► Meta-analysis is a statistical technique for combining findings from independent studies. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated treatment programs for…
(more)
▼ Meta-analysis is a statistical technique for combining findings from independent studies. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated treatment programs for women with substance use issues and their children. Primary outcomes included substance use, maternal and child well-being, length of treatment, and parenting. A total of 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 84 observational studies were included in the final analysis. The
p-value and capture re-capture method, were used to combine studies using different measures of treatment effect and evaluate the completeness of the literature search, respectively. Modified weights incorporating study quality were used to assess the impact of study quality on treatment effects. We also conducted a sensitivity analysis of correlation coefficients on combined estimates as a method for handling missing data. Study quality adjusted weighting and traditional inverse variance weights provided different results for combined estimates of birth weight outcomes measured by standardized mean difference. The results from weighting by study quality provided a statistically significant result with a combined estimate of 0.2644 (95% CI: 0.0860, 0.4428), while the traditional method gave a non-significant combined estimate of 0.3032 with (95% CI: -0.0725,0.6788). The sensitivity analysis of correlation coefficients (r) on combined estimates of maternal depression effects were similar, with confidence intervals that narrowed as r increased. Values ofr = 0.2, 0.5, 0.65, 0.75, and 0.85 gave corresponding results (with 95% CI) of 0.67 (-0.10, 1.45), 0.67 (0.04, 1.3), 0.67 (0.12, 1.2),0.67 (0.18, 1.15), and 0.66 (0.25, 1.07). Robustness of the sensitivity analysis for study quality weighting and choice of correlation coefficient on combined estimates revealed benefits of integrated treatment programs for birth weight outcomes and maternal depression. Evidence of benefit for at least some of the clients was apparent for parenting attitude measured by the Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory (AAPI). Results for each subscale of the AAPI were reported by timing of assessments (=< 4,5-8, => 9 months). Combined
p-values were 0.0006, <0.0001, <<0.0001 for Inappropriate Expectations, 0.1938, 0.1656, <<0.0001 for Lack of Empathy, 0.0007, <0.0001 <<0.0001 for Corporal Punishment, 0.0352, 0.0002, <<0.0001 for Role Reversal, and 0.5178 (5-8 months) for Power Independence. There was insufficient evidence for concluding a significant effect of treatment on neonatal behavioural assessments measured by Apgar scores. Combined
p-values of 0.6980 and 0.3294 were obtained for the 1-minute and 5-minute Apgar, respectively. The number of missing articles estimated by the capture recapture method was 8 (95% CI: 2,24), which suggests a 90% capture rate of all relevant world literature. This result indicates that a sufficient amount of studies were retrieved to avoid bias in the results of the meta-analysis. Conclusions…
Advisors/Committee Members: Thabane, Lehana, Statistics.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Liu, J. (2011). Statistical Issues in a Meta-analysis of Studies of Integrated Treatment Programs for Women with Substance Use Problems and Their Children. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8959
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Liu, Jennifer. “Statistical Issues in a Meta-analysis of Studies of Integrated Treatment Programs for Women with Substance Use Problems and Their Children.” 2011. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8959.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Liu, Jennifer. “Statistical Issues in a Meta-analysis of Studies of Integrated Treatment Programs for Women with Substance Use Problems and Their Children.” 2011. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Liu J. Statistical Issues in a Meta-analysis of Studies of Integrated Treatment Programs for Women with Substance Use Problems and Their Children. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2011. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8959.
Council of Science Editors:
Liu J. Statistical Issues in a Meta-analysis of Studies of Integrated Treatment Programs for Women with Substance Use Problems and Their Children. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8959
McMaster University
9.
Malik, Rajat.
Statistical Analysis for Pollutants in Precipitation Observed in a Selected Region.
Degree: MS, 2010, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8961
► The study of pollution and its effects on the environment has long been an interest for many researchers. Short and long term affects as…
(more)
▼ The study of pollution and its effects on the environment has long been an interest for many researchers. Short and long term affects as well as future predictions based on past observations are important factors to consider when one undertakes such a study. The purpose of this thesis is to observe the long term changes and trends of pollutants in precipitation selected from the north-eastern region of the United States of America and Canada. The data was collected on a weekly basis between 1995 to 2006 on air pollutants Ammonium. Nitrate. any type of Sulphate. and Hydron (NH4: N03. XS04. and H+. respectively). In total. 19 different stations 'vvere investigated. Two types of statistical models were fit to the data which include the gamma regression and the random effect model. The gamma regression assumed independence of any spatial and temporal factors. This was used to conceptualize the overall trend and yearly fit. The preliminary analysis found strong evidence of spatial dependence. but temporal dependence was so weak that it could be ignored. The random effect model has been adopted to handle dependencies caused by any underlying mechanisms. Pollutant NH4 had no significant factors resulting from the fitting of the random effect model and the Year effect was non-significant. In the result for pollutant N03: the coefficient of Year was significant and decreasing. Pollutant XSO'l was revealed to have a significant and decreasing Year effect. The random effect model did not produce any significant factors for pollutant H+. Overall. the random effects model is a more reasonable approach to fitting this data because it considers spatial dependence where the gamma regression assumes independent responses.
Master of Science (MS)
Advisors/Committee Members: Zhu, Rong, Balakrishnan, Narayanaswamy, Statistics.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics; Statistics and Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Malik, R. (2010). Statistical Analysis for Pollutants in Precipitation Observed in a Selected Region. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8961
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Malik, Rajat. “Statistical Analysis for Pollutants in Precipitation Observed in a Selected Region.” 2010. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8961.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Malik, Rajat. “Statistical Analysis for Pollutants in Precipitation Observed in a Selected Region.” 2010. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Malik R. Statistical Analysis for Pollutants in Precipitation Observed in a Selected Region. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2010. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8961.
Council of Science Editors:
Malik R. Statistical Analysis for Pollutants in Precipitation Observed in a Selected Region. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8961
McMaster University
10.
Zhao, Kai.
Bias and Efficiency of Logistic Regression involving a Binary Covariate with Missing Observations.
Degree: MS, 2010, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8975
► In the statistical analysis of a health research study, it is quite common to have some missing data after data collection. Typically in a…
(more)
▼ In the statistical analysis of a health research study, it is quite common to have some missing data after data collection. Typically in a clinical trial, the treatment variable is completely recorded most of the time, but the associated covariates may not be. The multi-variable analysis is often conducted by including all the important medically relevant covariates with the expectation that a valid estimate of the treatment effect could be obtained by properly adjusting for these covariates . In this scenario, if the data of the covariates are Missing Not at Random (MNAR) , the situation becomes complicated. The estimate of the treatment effect obtained will be invalid. The situation when the data are Missing Completely at Random (MCAR) is interesting since a dilemma exists: if you include the covariates with a high missing proportion, the analysis loses power although the validity might be good. If the covariates with a high missing proportion are excluded, the validity might be of question but the precision is good. Although the literature suggests that the validity is more important, there might be cases where the precision would improve substantially with a little sacrifice on validity by omitting the covariate from the analysis. In this t hesis, this dilemma will be evaluated in the context of multivariable logistic regression with the hope that some of the results from this work would shed light on the understanding of the situation. This work is significant in that it could potentially change the data collection process. For example, in the research design stage, if we expect that a covariate would have a high rate of missingness, there might be little to gain by collecting this information. Furthermore, the results from this work may guide decisions about data collection. If we decide that a covariate does not need to be collected, then the relevant resources could be released to apply to other important aspects of a study.
Master of Science (MS)
Advisors/Committee Members: Walter, Stephen, Statistics.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Zhao, K. (2010). Bias and Efficiency of Logistic Regression involving a Binary Covariate with Missing Observations. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8975
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhao, Kai. “Bias and Efficiency of Logistic Regression involving a Binary Covariate with Missing Observations.” 2010. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8975.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhao, Kai. “Bias and Efficiency of Logistic Regression involving a Binary Covariate with Missing Observations.” 2010. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Zhao K. Bias and Efficiency of Logistic Regression involving a Binary Covariate with Missing Observations. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2010. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8975.
Council of Science Editors:
Zhao K. Bias and Efficiency of Logistic Regression involving a Binary Covariate with Missing Observations. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/8975
McMaster University
11.
Qin, Maochang.
Variable Selection Methods for Population-based Genetic Association Studies: SPLS and HSIC.
Degree: MS, 2011, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9165
► This project aims to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs), which are associated with the muscle size and strength in Caucasian. Two methods sparse partial…
(more)
▼ This project aims to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs), which are associated with the muscle size and strength in Caucasian. Two methods sparse partial least squares (SPLS) and sparse Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion (HSIC) were applied for dimension reduction and variables selection in the Functional SNPs Associated with Muscle Size and Strength(FAMuss) Study. The selection ability of two methods was compared by simulations. The genetic determinants of skeletal muscle size and strength before and after exercise training in Caucasian were selected by using these two methods.
Master of Science (MS)
Advisors/Committee Members: Balakrishnan, Narayanaswamy, Xie, Changchun, Statistics.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Qin, M. (2011). Variable Selection Methods for Population-based Genetic Association Studies: SPLS and HSIC. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9165
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Qin, Maochang. “Variable Selection Methods for Population-based Genetic Association Studies: SPLS and HSIC.” 2011. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9165.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Qin, Maochang. “Variable Selection Methods for Population-based Genetic Association Studies: SPLS and HSIC.” 2011. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Qin M. Variable Selection Methods for Population-based Genetic Association Studies: SPLS and HSIC. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2011. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9165.
Council of Science Editors:
Qin M. Variable Selection Methods for Population-based Genetic Association Studies: SPLS and HSIC. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9165
McMaster University
12.
Chen, Yalin.
Implementation of Fixed and Sequential Multilevel Acceptance Sampling: The R Package MFSAS.
Degree: MS, 2010, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9233
► Manufacturers and consumers often use acceptance sampling to determine the acceptability of a lot from an outgoing production or incoming shipment base on a…
(more)
▼ Manufacturers and consumers often use acceptance sampling to determine the acceptability of a lot from an outgoing production or incoming shipment base on a sample. Multilevel acceptance sampling for attributes is applied when the product has multiple levels of product quality or multiple types of (mutually exclusive) possible defects. The aim of this project is to develop an R package MFSAS which provides the tools to create, evaluate, plot, and display multilevel acceptance sampling plans for attributes for both fixed and sequential sampling. The Dirichlet recursive functions are used to calculate cumulative probabilities for several common multivariate distributions which are needed in the package.
Master of Science (MS)
Advisors/Committee Members: Childs, Aaron, Statistics.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Chen, Y. (2010). Implementation of Fixed and Sequential Multilevel Acceptance Sampling: The R Package MFSAS. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9233
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chen, Yalin. “Implementation of Fixed and Sequential Multilevel Acceptance Sampling: The R Package MFSAS.” 2010. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9233.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chen, Yalin. “Implementation of Fixed and Sequential Multilevel Acceptance Sampling: The R Package MFSAS.” 2010. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Chen Y. Implementation of Fixed and Sequential Multilevel Acceptance Sampling: The R Package MFSAS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2010. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9233.
Council of Science Editors:
Chen Y. Implementation of Fixed and Sequential Multilevel Acceptance Sampling: The R Package MFSAS. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9233
McMaster University
13.
Liu, Zhihui.
Bayesian Mixture Models.
Degree: MS, 2010, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9368
► Mixture distributions are typically used to model data in which each observation belongs to one of some number of different groups. They also provide…
(more)
▼ Mixture distributions are typically used to model data in which each observation belongs to one of some number of different groups. They also provide a convenient and flexible class of models for density estimation. When the number of components k is assumed known, the Gibbs sampler can be used for Bayesian estimation of the component parameters. We present the implementation of the Gibbs sampler for mixtures of Normal distributions and show that, spurious modes can be avoided by introducing a Gamma prior in the Kiefer-Wolfowitz example. Adopting a Bayesian approach for mixture models has certain advantages; it is not without its problems. One typical problem associated with mixtures is nonidentifiability of the Gomponent parameters. This causes label switching in the Gibbs sampler output and makes inference for the individual components meaningless. We show that the usual approach to this problem by imposing simple identifiability constraints on the mixture parameters is sometimes inadequate, and present an alternative approach by arranging the mixture components in order of non-decreasing means whilst choosing priors that are slightly more informative. We illustrate the success of our approach on the fishery example. When the number of components k is considered unknown, more sophisticated methods are required to perform the Bayesian analysis. One method is the Reversible Jump MCMC algorithm described by Richardson and Green (1997), which they applied to univariate Normal mixtures. Alternatively, selection of k can be based on a comparison of models fitted with different numbers of components by some joint measures of model fit and model complexity. We review these methods and illustrate how to use them to compare competing mixture models using the acidity data. We conclude with some suggestions for further research.
Master of Science (MS)
Advisors/Committee Members: M., Peter D., Statistics.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Liu, Z. (2010). Bayesian Mixture Models. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9368
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Liu, Zhihui. “Bayesian Mixture Models.” 2010. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9368.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Liu, Zhihui. “Bayesian Mixture Models.” 2010. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Liu Z. Bayesian Mixture Models. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2010. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9368.
Council of Science Editors:
Liu Z. Bayesian Mixture Models. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9368
McMaster University
14.
Ahsan, Zahra.
A Simulation Study to Examine a New Method of Sampling When Information on the Target Population Is Very Limited.
Degree: MSc, 2011, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9915
► A new sampling method was developed for use in areas where standard methods for sampling from a population may be difficult or impossible to…
(more)
▼ A new sampling method was developed for use in areas where standard methods for sampling from a population may be difficult or impossible to use. The new method uses Global Positioning System (GPS) points and satellite photos to identify datapoints (locations) within selected towns. A circle (of a specified radius) is drawn around each datapoint, which may include several buildings or sometimes none. A single household is sampled from each circle and then one adult (aged 18 years or older) is interviewed from the household, based on who had the most recent birthday. Two issues arise with this new sampling method: first, the probability of sampling any household may vary, depending on the datapoint its chosen from; and second, circles surrounding the chosen datapoints may overlap. The thesis used simulations to see whether the first issue affected the point estimates of two population parameters. The second issue was too complex to investigate so it was ignored when sampling households. Simulations were run to test the sampling method on two different hypothetical towns, one with denser population than the other. Results from the simulations showed that estimates did not always match what was expected, but the observed differences were not substantial. It was presumed that the reason for differences was due to the issue of multiple probabilities for selection as well as overlapping circles (which had been ignored during sampling), since both issues were inherent in this sampling method. Although some differences were observed from true values, they appeared not to be very different from the population values, so I conclude that this sampling method is a useful one. Future work may look more closely at understanding the issue of overlapping circles and how it affects the point estimates.
Master of Science (MSc)
Advisors/Committee Members: Shannon, H., Statistics.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Ahsan, Z. (2011). A Simulation Study to Examine a New Method of Sampling When Information on the Target Population Is Very Limited. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9915
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ahsan, Zahra. “A Simulation Study to Examine a New Method of Sampling When Information on the Target Population Is Very Limited.” 2011. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9915.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ahsan, Zahra. “A Simulation Study to Examine a New Method of Sampling When Information on the Target Population Is Very Limited.” 2011. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Ahsan Z. A Simulation Study to Examine a New Method of Sampling When Information on the Target Population Is Very Limited. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2011. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9915.
Council of Science Editors:
Ahsan Z. A Simulation Study to Examine a New Method of Sampling When Information on the Target Population Is Very Limited. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9915
McMaster University
15.
Wong, Hoi Suen.
Analyzing Health Utility Data with Generalized Additive Models.
Degree: MSc, 2011, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9916
► The money put into health care has been increasing dramatically. Comparison of different programs is important in helping government to make decision as to…
(more)
▼ The money put into health care has been increasing dramatically. Comparison of different programs is important in helping government to make decision as to what health care services to be provided. The cost-effectiveness of different health care programs can be compared based on the improvement of a person's health states and the cost it incurred. To measure the health states of a person, health utility scores can be used. But health utility data exhibit features such as non-normality, heteroscedasticity of variances, and the majority of observations attaining values close to or at the maximum of the measurement scale. This brings challenges to analyzing health utility data. For example, linear regression with the assumption of normality might not be valid since non-normality is present in health utility data. To address these problems, other methods are used. In this study, we investigate the performance of generalized additive models (GAMs) in handling health utility data. In GAMs, the relationship between the response and the predictor variables can be non-linearly defined. So GAM methods give more options in the assumption of the relationship between the response and the predictors. For comparison, we also use ordinary least squares. To evaluate the performance of generalized additive models, simulation is used. Data are generated from the simulation model, and GAMs will be used to fit the simulated data. Bias and coverage probability will be used to assess the performance of the GAM method. A comparison between OLS and GAM will be also be done in the study. And, as an illustration, GAM will be applied to a real data set called Diabetes Hamilton which "vas collected from some diabetic patients who participated in a community program based in Hamilton, Ontario. When GAM is applied to the real data set, similar results to the OLS method in terms of the estimates of the parameters is observed. Both methods give similar coefficient values for each parameter. From the simulation results, the estimate given by the GAM method is closer to the true value than the OLS method in general. The bias produced by the GAM is smaller than the OLS method. So overall, GAM method seems to be valid in analyzing the data set such as those used in this study and also the general health utility data.
Master of Science (MSc)
Advisors/Committee Members: Childs, Aaron, Pullenayegum, Eleanor, Statistics.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Wong, H. S. (2011). Analyzing Health Utility Data with Generalized Additive Models. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9916
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wong, Hoi Suen. “Analyzing Health Utility Data with Generalized Additive Models.” 2011. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9916.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wong, Hoi Suen. “Analyzing Health Utility Data with Generalized Additive Models.” 2011. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Wong HS. Analyzing Health Utility Data with Generalized Additive Models. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2011. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9916.
Council of Science Editors:
Wong HS. Analyzing Health Utility Data with Generalized Additive Models. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9916
McMaster University
16.
Abdulkarimova, Ulviya.
Frailty Models for Modelling Heterogeneity.
Degree: MSc, 2013, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/12911
► In the analysis of lifetime data, heterogeneity may be present in many situations. This heterogeneity is also referred to as frailty. Analysis that ignore…
(more)
▼ In the analysis of lifetime data, heterogeneity may be present in many situations. This heterogeneity is also referred to as frailty. Analysis that ignore frailty when it is present leads to incorrect inferences. In lifetime analysis, Cox proportional hazards model is commonly used to measure the effects of covariates. The covariates may fail to fully account for the true differences in risk. This may be due to an existence of another variable that is ignored in the model but can be explained by random frailty. Including frailty in the model can avoid underestimation and overestimation of parameters and also correctly measure the effects of the covariates on the response variable. This thesis presents an extension of Cox model to parametric frailty model in which the exponential and Weibull distributions are used as the distributions of baseline hazard, and the gamma and Weibull distributions are used as frailty distributions. We examine the maximum likelihood estimation procedures and propose the use of Monte Carlo integration method or quadrature method in complicated cases where explicit solutions to the likelihood functions can not be obtained. The gamma distribution is one of the most commonly used distributions for frailty. It has a closed form likelihood function that can be readily maximized. In this thesis, we study the performance of the Weibull distribution as a frailty distribution and compare with the gamma frailty model. Through simulation studies, the performance of the parameter estimates are evaluated. The effects of increasing the sample size and cluster size separately are also studied through Monte Carlo simulations. The Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) is used to compare the performance of the gamma and Weibull frailty models. The developed methods are then illustrated with numerical examples.
Master of Science (MSc)
Advisors/Committee Members: Balakrishnan, Narayanaswamy, R. Viveros-Aguilera, A. Childs, Statistics.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability; Statistics and Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Abdulkarimova, U. (2013). Frailty Models for Modelling Heterogeneity. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/12911
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Abdulkarimova, Ulviya. “Frailty Models for Modelling Heterogeneity.” 2013. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/12911.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Abdulkarimova, Ulviya. “Frailty Models for Modelling Heterogeneity.” 2013. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Abdulkarimova U. Frailty Models for Modelling Heterogeneity. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2013. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/12911.
Council of Science Editors:
Abdulkarimova U. Frailty Models for Modelling Heterogeneity. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/12911
17.
Bares, Valerie.
Identifying Predictors of Weight Loss and Drop-Out Using Joint Modeling.
Degree: PhD, Mathematics and Statistics, 2017, South Dakota State University
URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1716
► Profile by Sanford is a membership based weight loss program that helps its members make lifestyle changes with diet, exercise, and one-on-one interactions with…
(more)
▼ Profile by Sanford is a membership based weight loss program that helps its members make lifestyle changes with diet, exercise, and one-on-one interactions with a weight loss coach. Discovery of characteristics and behaviors influencing weight loss will benefit current and future members of Profile. This research utilizes massive data from Profile by Sanford to analyze member behavior. Fourteen data sets are evaluated, some containing millions of observations. All data is combined into one comprehensive table of 33,487 members. Members of Profile by Sanford are 77% female and two-thirds of all members start the program classified as obese. Attending meetings with a weight loss coach decreases rapidly over time for Profile members but a higher frequency of meetings is found to have a positive association with weight loss. Increasing a member’s coach meeting attendance to one more meeting a month results in 2.5 percentage points more weight loss for Profile members who weigh themselves consistently each month for the first 12 months in the program. The same group of Profile members experience 2.3 percentage points less weight loss if taking antidepressants after controlling for sex and starting BMI. A mixed model generates weight loss predictions. An additional attendance of a coach meeting is associated with 0.13 percentage points more monthly weight loss. With one more weight recording members lose 0.02 percentage points more per month. A unit increase in starting BMI is associated with an increase of 0.03 percentage points more weight loss. By month 6 more than half of members have dropped out of Profile and 80% have dropped out by month 12. The
probability of dropping out of the program is produced by a joint model. Higher age, married members, and females are associated with a lower risk of dropping out of Profile. The joint model suggests that the risk of dropping out of the weight loss program increases by 140% with each percentage point increase in monthly weight gain. Application of the statistical models can allow coaches to interact proactively with members based on their likelihood of dropping out of the program.
Advisors/Committee Members: Xijin Ge.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Bares, V. (2017). Identifying Predictors of Weight Loss and Drop-Out Using Joint Modeling. (Doctoral Dissertation). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1716
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bares, Valerie. “Identifying Predictors of Weight Loss and Drop-Out Using Joint Modeling.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, South Dakota State University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1716.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bares, Valerie. “Identifying Predictors of Weight Loss and Drop-Out Using Joint Modeling.” 2017. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Bares V. Identifying Predictors of Weight Loss and Drop-Out Using Joint Modeling. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2017. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1716.
Council of Science Editors:
Bares V. Identifying Predictors of Weight Loss and Drop-Out Using Joint Modeling. [Doctoral Dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2017. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1716
Oregon State University
18.
Loke, Sooie-Hoe.
Ruin Problems with Risky Investments.
Degree: PhD, Mathematics, 2015, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/57263
► In this dissertation, we study two risk models. First, we consider the dual risk process which models the surplus of a company that incurs expenses…
(more)
▼ In this dissertation, we study two risk models. First, we consider the dual risk process which models the surplus of a company that incurs expenses at a constant rate and earns random positive gains at random times. When the surplus is invested in a risky asset following a geometric Brownian motion, we show that the ruin
probability decays algebraically for small volatility and that ruin is certain for large volatility. We use numerical methods to approximate the ruin
probability when the surplus is invested in a risk-free asset. When there are no investments, we recover the exact expression for the ruin
probability via Wiener-Hopf factorization. Second, we are concerned with incurred but not reported (IBNR) claims, modeled by delaying the settlement of each claim by a random time. When the investments follow a geometric Brownian motion, we derive a parabolic integro-partial-differential equation (IPDE) for the ultimate ruin
probability with final value condition given by the ruin
probability under risky investments with no delay. Assuming that the delay times are bounded by a constant, we obtain an existence theorem of the final value IPDE in the space of bounded functions, and a uniqueness theorem in the space of square integrable functions. When the delay times are deterministic, we show that delaying the settlement of claims does not reduce the
probability of ruin when the volatility is large.
Advisors/Committee Members: Thomann, Enrique A. (advisor), Waymire, Edward C. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: ruin probability; Investments
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APA (6th Edition):
Loke, S. (2015). Ruin Problems with Risky Investments. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/57263
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Loke, Sooie-Hoe. “Ruin Problems with Risky Investments.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/57263.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Loke, Sooie-Hoe. “Ruin Problems with Risky Investments.” 2015. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Loke S. Ruin Problems with Risky Investments. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2015. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/57263.
Council of Science Editors:
Loke S. Ruin Problems with Risky Investments. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/57263
University of Hawaii – Manoa
19.
Knezek, Gerald August.
Circular triad distributions with applications to complete paired comparisons data.
Degree: PhD, 2009, University of Hawaii – Manoa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9708
► Photocopy of typescript.
Bibliography: leaves 175-177.
Microfiche.
vii, 177 leaves 28 cm
This work is concerned with the probability distributions of circular triads and the…
(more)
▼ Photocopy of typescript.
Bibliography: leaves 175-177.
Microfiche.
vii, 177 leaves 28 cm
This work is concerned with the probability distributions of circular triads and the application of knowledge of these distributions to the study of behavior. Several approximations to distributions of the total number of circular triads produced by one judge are compared. Formulas for the means and variances of the distributions of circular triads for one object, across judges, are also derived. A computer program written to perform object: and subject scaling based upon circular triads is applied to four kinds of data. Analysis summaries of the results of scaling random data, social desirability word data, alphabetic visual similarity data, and Edwards Personal Preference Schedule data are produced. Research is restricted to the study of complete paired comparisons situations.
Subjects/Keywords: Distribution (Probability theory)
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APA (6th Edition):
Knezek, G. A. (2009). Circular triad distributions with applications to complete paired comparisons data. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Hawaii – Manoa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9708
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Knezek, Gerald August. “Circular triad distributions with applications to complete paired comparisons data.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Hawaii – Manoa. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9708.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Knezek, Gerald August. “Circular triad distributions with applications to complete paired comparisons data.” 2009. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Knezek GA. Circular triad distributions with applications to complete paired comparisons data. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Hawaii – Manoa; 2009. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9708.
Council of Science Editors:
Knezek GA. Circular triad distributions with applications to complete paired comparisons data. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Hawaii – Manoa; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9708
University of Hong Kong
20.
Ding, Xiqian.
Some new statistical methods for a class of
zero-truncated discrete distributions with applications.
Degree: M. Phil., 2015, University of Hong Kong
URL: Ding,
X.
[丁茜茜].
(2015).
Some
new
statistical
methods
for
a
class
of
zero-truncated
discrete
distributions
with
applications.
(Thesis).
University
of
Hong
Kong,
Pokfulam,
Hong
Kong
SAR.
Retrieved
from
http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b5481903
;
http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211126
► Counting data without zero category often occur in various _elds. Examples include days of hospital stay for patients, numbers of publication for tenure-tracked faculty in…
(more)
▼ Counting data without zero category often occur in
various _elds. Examples include days of hospital stay for patients,
numbers of publication for tenure-tracked faculty in a university,
numbers of tra_c violation for drivers during a certain period and
so on. A class of zero-truncated discrete models such as
zero-truncated Poisson, zero-truncated binomial and zero-truncated
negative-binomial distributions are proposed in literature to model
such count data. In this thesis, firstly, literature review is
presented in Chapter 1 on a class of commonly used univariate
zero-truncated discrete distributions.
In Chapter 2, a unified
method is proposed to derive the distribution of the sum of i.i.d.
zero-truncated distribution random variables, which has important
applications in the construction of the shortest Clopper-Person
confidence intervals of parameters of interest and in the
calculation of the exact p-value of a two-sided test for small
sample sizes in one sample problem. These problems are discussed in
Section 2.4. Then a novel expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm
is developed for calculating the maximum likelihood estimates
(MLEs) of parameters in general zero-truncated discrete
distributions. An important feature of the proposed EM algorithm is
that the latent variables and the observed variables are
independent, which is unusual in general EM-type algorithms. In
addition, a unified minorization-maximization (MM) algorithm for
obtaining the MLEs of parameters in a class of zero-truncated
discrete distributions is provided.
The first objective of
Chapter 3 is to propose the multivariate zero-truncated Charlier
series (ZTCS) distribution by developing its important
distributional properties, and providing efficient MLE methods via
a novel data augmentation in the framework of the EM algorithm.
Since the joint marginal distribution of any r-dimensional
sub-vector of the multivariate ZTCS random vector of dimension m is
an r-dimensional zero-deated Charlier series (ZDCS) distribution (1
6 r < m), it is the second objective of Chapter 3 to propose a
new family of multivariate zero-adjusted Charlier series (ZACS)
distributions (including the multivariate ZDCS distribution as a
special member) with a more flexible correlation structure by
accounting for both inflation and deflation at zero. The
corresponding distributional properties are explored and the
associated MLE method via EM algorithm is provided for analyzing
correlated count data.
published_or_final_version
Statistics and Actuarial Science
Master
Master of Philosophy
Subjects/Keywords: Distribution (Probability theory)
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APA (6th Edition):
Ding, X. (2015). Some new statistical methods for a class of
zero-truncated discrete distributions with applications. (Masters Thesis). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from Ding, X. [丁茜茜]. (2015). Some new statistical methods for a class of zero-truncated discrete distributions with applications. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b5481903 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211126
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ding, Xiqian. “Some new statistical methods for a class of
zero-truncated discrete distributions with applications.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Hong Kong. Accessed March 29, 2020.
Ding, X. [丁茜茜]. (2015). Some new statistical methods for a class of zero-truncated discrete distributions with applications. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b5481903 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211126.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ding, Xiqian. “Some new statistical methods for a class of
zero-truncated discrete distributions with applications.” 2015. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Ding X. Some new statistical methods for a class of
zero-truncated discrete distributions with applications. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2015. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: Ding, X. [丁茜茜]. (2015). Some new statistical methods for a class of zero-truncated discrete distributions with applications. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b5481903 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211126.
Council of Science Editors:
Ding X. Some new statistical methods for a class of
zero-truncated discrete distributions with applications. [Masters Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2015. Available from: Ding, X. [丁茜茜]. (2015). Some new statistical methods for a class of zero-truncated discrete distributions with applications. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b5481903 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211126
University of Pennsylvania
21.
Rodu, Jordan.
Spectral Estimation of Hidden Markov Models.
Degree: 2014, University of Pennsylvania
URL: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1423
► This thesis extends and improves methods for estimating key quantities of hidden Markov models through spectral method-of-moments estimation. Unlike traditional estimation methods like EM and…
(more)
▼ This thesis extends and improves methods for estimating key quantities of hidden Markov models through spectral method-of-moments estimation. Unlike traditional estimation methods like EM and Gibbs sampling, the set of estimation methods, which we call spectral HMMs (sHMMs), are incredibly fast, do not require multiple restarts, and come with provable guarantees. Our first result improves upon the original spectral estimation of hidden Markov models algorithm by estimating the parameters from fully reduced data. We also show that the parameters developed in the fully reduced dimensional version can be estimated using various forms of regression, which can lead to major speed gains, as well as allowing flexibility in the estimation scheme. We then extend the algorithm beyond basic hidden Markov models to latent variable tree structures that have linguistic applications, especially dependency pars- ing, and finally to hidden Markov models in which the output is a high-dimensional, continuously distributed variable. We show that spectral estimation of hidden Markov models can be factored into two major components- estimation of the hidden state space dynamics, and estimation of the observation probability distributions. This leads to extremely flexible estimation procedures that can be tailored precisely for the task of interest. These tools are all simple to implement, fast, and naturally incorporate dimension reduction, which allows them to scale gracefully as the dimension of the data increases.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Rodu, J. (2014). Spectral Estimation of Hidden Markov Models. (Thesis). University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1423
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rodu, Jordan. “Spectral Estimation of Hidden Markov Models.” 2014. Thesis, University of Pennsylvania. Accessed March 29, 2020.
https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1423.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rodu, Jordan. “Spectral Estimation of Hidden Markov Models.” 2014. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Rodu J. Spectral Estimation of Hidden Markov Models. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2014. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1423.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Rodu J. Spectral Estimation of Hidden Markov Models. [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2014. Available from: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1423
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Pennsylvania
22.
Peng, Peichao.
Essays in Problems in Sequential Decisions and Large-Scale Randomized Algorithms.
Degree: 2016, University of Pennsylvania
URL: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1941
► In the first part of this dissertation, we consider two problems in sequential decision making. The first problem we consider is sequential selection of a…
(more)
▼ In the first part of this dissertation, we consider two problems in sequential decision making.
The first problem we consider is sequential selection of a monotone subsequence from a random permutation. We find a two term asymptotic expansion for the optimal expected value of a sequentially selected monotone subsequence from a random permutation of length n. The second problem we consider deals with the multiplicative relaxation or constriction of the classical problem of the number of records in a sequence of n independent and identically distributed observations. In the relaxed case, we find a central limit theorem (CLT) with a different normalization than Renyi's classical CLT, and in the constricted case we find convergence in distribution to an unbounded random variable.
In the second part of this dissertation, we put forward two large-scale randomized algorithms.
We propose a two-step sensing scheme for the low-rank matrix recovery problem which requires far less storage space and has much lower computational complexity than other state-of-art methods based on nuclear norm minimization. We introduce a fast iterative reweighted least squares algorithm, it{Guluru}, based on subsampled randomized Hadamard transform, to solve a wide class of generalized linear models.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Peng, P. (2016). Essays in Problems in Sequential Decisions and Large-Scale Randomized Algorithms. (Thesis). University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1941
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Peng, Peichao. “Essays in Problems in Sequential Decisions and Large-Scale Randomized Algorithms.” 2016. Thesis, University of Pennsylvania. Accessed March 29, 2020.
https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1941.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Peng, Peichao. “Essays in Problems in Sequential Decisions and Large-Scale Randomized Algorithms.” 2016. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Peng P. Essays in Problems in Sequential Decisions and Large-Scale Randomized Algorithms. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2016. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1941.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Peng P. Essays in Problems in Sequential Decisions and Large-Scale Randomized Algorithms. [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2016. Available from: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1941
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Pennsylvania
23.
Tan, Xin Lu.
Topics In Multivariate Statistics.
Degree: 2017, University of Pennsylvania
URL: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2602
► Multivariate statistics concerns the study of dependence relations among multiple variables of interest. Distinct from widely studied regression problems where one of the variables is…
(more)
▼ Multivariate statistics concerns the study of dependence relations among multiple variables of interest. Distinct from widely studied regression problems where one of the variables is singled out as a response, in multivariate analysis all variables are treated symmetrically and the dependency structures are examined, either for interest in its own right or for further analyses such as regressions. This thesis includes the study of three independent research problems in multivariate statistics.
The first part of the thesis studies additive principal components (APCs for short), a nonlinear method useful for exploring additive relationships among a set of variables. We propose a shrinkage regularization approach for estimating APC transformations by casting the problem in the framework of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. To formulate the kernel APC problem, we introduce the Null Comparison Principle, a principle that ties the constraint in a multivariate problem to its criterion in a way that makes the goal of the multivariate method under study transparent. In addition to providing a detailed formulation and exposition of the kernel APC problem, we study asymptotic theory of kernel APCs. Our theory also motivates an iterative algorithm for computing kernel APCs.
The second part of the thesis investigates the estimation of precision matrices in high dimensions when the data is corrupted in a cellwise manner and the uncontaminated data follows a multivariate normal distribution. It is known that in the setting of Gaussian graphical models, the conditional independence relations among variables is captured by the precision matrix of a multivariate normal distribution, and estimating the support of the precision matrix is equivalent to graphical model selection. In this work, we analyze the theoretical properties of robust estimators for precision matrices in high dimensions. The estimators we analyze are formed by plugging appropriately chosen robust covariance matrix estimators into the graphical Lasso and CLIME, two existing methods for high-dimensional precision matrix estimation. We establish error bounds for the precision matrix estimators that reveal the interplay between the dimensionality of the problem and the degree of contamination permitted in the observed distribution, and also analyze the breakdown point of both estimators. We also discuss implications of our work for Gaussian graphical model estimation in the presence of cellwise contamination.
The third part of the thesis studies the problem of optimal estimation of a quadratic functional under the Gaussian two-sequence model. Quadratic functional estimation has been well studied under the Gaussian sequence model, and close connections between the problem of quadratic functional estimation and that of signal detection have been noted. Focusing on the estimation problem in the Gaussian two-sequence model, in this work we propose optimal estimators of the quadratic functional for different regimes and establish the minimax rates of convergence over a…
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Tan, X. L. (2017). Topics In Multivariate Statistics. (Thesis). University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2602
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tan, Xin Lu. “Topics In Multivariate Statistics.” 2017. Thesis, University of Pennsylvania. Accessed March 29, 2020.
https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2602.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tan, Xin Lu. “Topics In Multivariate Statistics.” 2017. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Tan XL. Topics In Multivariate Statistics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2017. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2602.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Tan XL. Topics In Multivariate Statistics. [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2017. Available from: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2602
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Carnegie Mellon University
24.
Galyardt, April.
Mixed Membership Distributions with Applications to Modeling Multiple Strategy Usage.
Degree: 2012, Carnegie Mellon University
URL: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/219
► This dissertation examines two related questions. How do mixed membership models work? and Can mixed membership be used to model how students use multiple strategies…
(more)
▼ This dissertation examines two related questions. How do mixed membership models work? and Can mixed membership be used to model how students use multiple strategies to solve problems?
Mixed membership models have been used in thousands of applications from text and image processing to genetic microarray analysis. Yet these models are crafted on a case-by-case basis because we do not yet understand the larger class of mixed membership models.
The work presented here addresses this gap and examines two different aspects of the general class of models. First I establish that categorical data is a special case, and allows for a different interpretation of mixed membership than in the general case. Second, I present a new identifiability result that characterizes equivalence classes of mixed membership models which produce the same distribution of data. These results provide a strong foundation for building a model that captures how students use multiple strategies.
How to assess which strategies students use, is an open question. Most psychometric models either do not model strategies at all, or they assume that each student uses a single strategy on all problems, even if they allow different students to use different strategies. The problem is, that’s not what students do. Students switch strategies. Even on the very simplest of arithmetic problems, students use different strategies on different problems, and experts use a different mixture of strategies than novices do.
Assessing which strategies students use is an important part of assessing student knowledge, yet the concept of ‘strategy’ can be ill-defined. I use the Knowledge- Learning-Instruction framework to define a strategy as a particular type of integrative knowledge component. I then look at two different ways to model how students use multiple strategies.
I combine cognitive diagnosis models with mixed membership models to create a multiple strategies model. This new model allows for students to switch strategies from problem to problem, and allows us to estimate both the strategies that students are using and how often each student uses each strategy. I demonstrate this model on a modestly sized assessment of least common multiples.
Lastly, I present an analysis of the different strategies that students use to estimate numerical magnitude. Three smaller results come out of this analysis. First, this illustrates the limits of the general mixed membership model. The properties of mixed membership models developed in this dissertation show that without serious changes to the model, it cannot describe the variation between students that is present in this data set. Second, I develop a exploratory data analysis method for summarizing functional data. Finally, this analysis demonstrates that existing psychological theory for how children estimate numerical magnitude is incomplete. There is more variation between students than is captured by current theoretical models.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Galyardt, A. (2012). Mixed Membership Distributions with Applications to Modeling Multiple Strategy Usage. (Thesis). Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved from http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/219
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Galyardt, April. “Mixed Membership Distributions with Applications to Modeling Multiple Strategy Usage.” 2012. Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/219.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Galyardt, April. “Mixed Membership Distributions with Applications to Modeling Multiple Strategy Usage.” 2012. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Galyardt A. Mixed Membership Distributions with Applications to Modeling Multiple Strategy Usage. [Internet] [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2012. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/219.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Galyardt A. Mixed Membership Distributions with Applications to Modeling Multiple Strategy Usage. [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2012. Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/219
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Carnegie Mellon University
25.
Weaver, Rhiannon.
Behavioral Modeling of Botnet Populations Viewed through Internet Protocol Address Space.
Degree: 2012, Carnegie Mellon University
URL: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/152
► A botnet is a collection of computers infected by a shared set of malicious software, that maintain communications to a single human administrator or small…
(more)
▼ A botnet is a collection of computers infected by a shared set of malicious software, that maintain communications to a single human administrator or small organized group. Botnets are indirectly observable populations; cyber-analysts often measure a botnet’s threat in terms of its size, but size is derived from a count of the observable network touchpoints through which infected machines communicate. Activity is often a count of packets or connection attempts, representing logins to command and control servers, spam messages sent, peer-to-peer communications, or other discrete network behavior. Front line analysts use sandbox testing of a botnet’s malicious software to discover signatures for detecting an infected computer and shutting it down, but there is less focus on modeling the botnet population as a collection of machines obscured by the kaleidoscope view of Internet Protocol (IP) address space. This research presents a Bayesian model for generic modeling of a botnet due to its observable activity across a network. A generation-allocation model is proposed, that separates observable network activity at time t into the counts yt generated by the malicious software, and the network’s allocation of these counts among available IP addresses. As a first step, the framework outlines how to develop a directly observable behavioral model informed by sandbox tests and day-to-day user activity, and then how to use this model as a basis for population estimation in settings using proxies or Network Address Translation (NAT) in which only the aggregate sum of all machine activity is observed. The model is explored via a case study using the Conficker-C botnet that emerged in March of 2009.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Weaver, R. (2012). Behavioral Modeling of Botnet Populations Viewed through Internet Protocol Address Space. (Thesis). Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved from http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/152
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Weaver, Rhiannon. “Behavioral Modeling of Botnet Populations Viewed through Internet Protocol Address Space.” 2012. Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/152.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Weaver, Rhiannon. “Behavioral Modeling of Botnet Populations Viewed through Internet Protocol Address Space.” 2012. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Weaver R. Behavioral Modeling of Botnet Populations Viewed through Internet Protocol Address Space. [Internet] [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2012. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/152.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Weaver R. Behavioral Modeling of Botnet Populations Viewed through Internet Protocol Address Space. [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2012. Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/152
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Carnegie Mellon University
26.
Okamura, Shuhei.
The Short Time Fourier Transform and Local Signals.
Degree: 2011, Carnegie Mellon University
URL: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/58
► In this thesis, I examine the theoretical properties of the short time discrete Fourier transform (STFT). The STFT is obtained by applying the Fourier transform…
(more)
▼ In this thesis, I examine the theoretical properties of the short time discrete Fourier transform (STFT). The STFT is obtained by applying the Fourier transform by a fixed-sized, moving window to input series. We move the window by one time point at a time, so we have overlapping windows. I present several theoretical properties of the STFT, applied to various types of complex-valued, univariate time series inputs, and their outputs in closed forms. In particular, just like the discrete Fourier transform, the STFT’s modulus time series takes large positive values when the input is a periodic signal. One main point is that a white noise time series input results in the STFT output being a complex-valued stationary time series and we can derive the time and time-frequency dependency structure such as the cross- covariance functions. Our primary focus is the detection of local periodic signals. I present a method to detect local signals by computing the probability that the squared modulus STFT time series has consecutive large values exceeding some threshold after one exceeding observation following one observation less than the threshold. We discuss a method to reduce the computation of such probabilities by the Box-Cox transformation and the delta method, and show that it works well in comparison to the Monte Carlo simulation method.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Okamura, S. (2011). The Short Time Fourier Transform and Local Signals. (Thesis). Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved from http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/58
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Okamura, Shuhei. “The Short Time Fourier Transform and Local Signals.” 2011. Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/58.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Okamura, Shuhei. “The Short Time Fourier Transform and Local Signals.” 2011. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Okamura S. The Short Time Fourier Transform and Local Signals. [Internet] [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2011. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/58.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Okamura S. The Short Time Fourier Transform and Local Signals. [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2011. Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/58
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Carnegie Mellon University
27.
Buchman, Susan.
High-Dimensional Adaptive Basis Density Estimation.
Degree: 2011, Carnegie Mellon University
URL: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/169
► In the realm of high-dimensional statistics, regression and classification have received much attention, while density estimation has lagged behind. Yet there are compelling scientific questions…
(more)
▼ In the realm of high-dimensional statistics, regression and classification have received much attention, while density estimation has lagged behind. Yet there are compelling scientific questions which can only be addressed via density estimation using high-dimensional data, such as the paths of North Atlantic tropical cyclones. If we cast each track as a single high-dimensional data point, density estimation allows us to answer such questions via integration or Monte Carlo methods. In this dissertation, I present three new methods for estimating densities and intensities for high-dimensional data, all of which rely on a technique called diffusion maps. This technique constructs a mapping for high-dimensional, complex data into a low-dimensional space, providing a new basis that can be used in conjunction with traditional density estimation methods. Furthermore, I propose a reordering of importance sampling in the high-dimensional setting. Traditional importance sampling estimates high-dimensional integrals with the aid of an instrumental distribution chosen specifically to minimize the variance of the estimator. In many applications, the integral of interest is with respect to an estimated density. I argue that in the high-dimensional realm, performance can be improved by reversing the procedure: instead of estimating a density and then selecting an appropriate instrumental distribution, begin with the instrumental distribution and estimate the density with respect to it directly. The variance reduction follows from the improved density estimate. Lastly, I present some initial results in using climatic predictors such as sea surface temperature as spatial covariates in point process estimation.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability
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APA (6th Edition):
Buchman, S. (2011). High-Dimensional Adaptive Basis Density Estimation. (Thesis). Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved from http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/169
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Buchman, Susan. “High-Dimensional Adaptive Basis Density Estimation.” 2011. Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/169.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Buchman, Susan. “High-Dimensional Adaptive Basis Density Estimation.” 2011. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Buchman S. High-Dimensional Adaptive Basis Density Estimation. [Internet] [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2011. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/169.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Buchman S. High-Dimensional Adaptive Basis Density Estimation. [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2011. Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/169
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Carnegie Mellon University
28.
Goerg, Georg Matthias.
Learning Spatio-Temporal Dynamics: Nonparametric Methods for Optimal Forecasting and Automated Pattern Discovery.
Degree: 2012, Carnegie Mellon University
URL: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/218
► Many important scientific and data-driven problems involve quantities that vary over space and time. Examples include functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), climate data, or experimental…
(more)
▼ Many important scientific and data-driven problems involve quantities that vary over space and time. Examples include functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), climate data, or experimental studies in physics, chemistry, and biology.
Principal goals of many methods in statistics, machine learning, and signal processing are to use this data and i) extract informative structures and remove noisy, uninformative parts; ii) understand and reconstruct underlying spatio-temporal dynamics that govern these systems; and iii) forecast the data, i.e., describe the system in the future.
Being data-driven problems, it is important to have methods and algorithms that work well in practice for a wide range of spatio-temporal processes as well as various data types. In this thesis I present such generally applicable statistical methods that address all three problems in a unifying manner.
I introduce two new techniques for optimal nonparametric forecasting of spatiotemporal data: hard and mixed LICORS (Light Cone Reconstruction of States). Hard LICORS is a consistent predictive state estimator and extends previous work from Shalizi (2003); Shalizi, Haslinger, Rouquier, Klinkner, and Moore (2006); Shalizi, Klinkner, and Haslinger (2004) to continuous-valued spatio-temporal fields. Mixed LICORS builds on a new, fully probabilistic model of light cones and predictive states mappings, and is an EM-like version of hard LICORS. Simulations show that it has much better finite sample properties than hard LICORS. I also propose a sparse variant of mixed LICORS, which improves out-of-sample forecasts even further.
Both methods can then be used to estimate local statistical complexity (LSC) (Shalizi, 2003), a fully automatic technique for pattern discovery in dynamical systems. Simulations and applications to fMRI data demonstrate that the proposed methods work well and give useful results in very general scientific settings.
Lastly, I made most methods publicly available as R (R Development Core Team, 2010) or Python (Van Rossum, 2003) packages, so researchers can use these methods and better understand, forecast, and discover patterns in the data they study.
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Goerg, G. M. (2012). Learning Spatio-Temporal Dynamics: Nonparametric Methods for Optimal Forecasting and Automated Pattern Discovery. (Thesis). Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved from http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/218
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Goerg, Georg Matthias. “Learning Spatio-Temporal Dynamics: Nonparametric Methods for Optimal Forecasting and Automated Pattern Discovery.” 2012. Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/218.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Goerg, Georg Matthias. “Learning Spatio-Temporal Dynamics: Nonparametric Methods for Optimal Forecasting and Automated Pattern Discovery.” 2012. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Goerg GM. Learning Spatio-Temporal Dynamics: Nonparametric Methods for Optimal Forecasting and Automated Pattern Discovery. [Internet] [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2012. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/218.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Goerg GM. Learning Spatio-Temporal Dynamics: Nonparametric Methods for Optimal Forecasting and Automated Pattern Discovery. [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2012. Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/218
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of California – Berkeley
29.
Lanoue, Daniel Parmet.
The Metric Coalescent.
Degree: Mathematics, 2015, University of California – Berkeley
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8c01d983
► The Metric Coalescent (MC) is a measure-valued Markov Process generalizing the classical Kingman Coalescent. We show how the MC arises naturally from a discrete agent…
(more)
▼ The Metric Coalescent (MC) is a measure-valued Markov Process generalizing the classical Kingman Coalescent. We show how the MC arises naturally from a discrete agent based model (Compulsive Gambler) of social dynamics and prove an existence and uniqueness theorem extending the MC to the space of all Borel probability measures on any locally compact Polish space.
Subjects/Keywords: Mathematics; Coalescent; Probability
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Lanoue, D. P. (2015). The Metric Coalescent. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8c01d983
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lanoue, Daniel Parmet. “The Metric Coalescent.” 2015. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed March 29, 2020.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8c01d983.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lanoue, Daniel Parmet. “The Metric Coalescent.” 2015. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Lanoue DP. The Metric Coalescent. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2015. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8c01d983.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Lanoue DP. The Metric Coalescent. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2015. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8c01d983
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Clemson University
30.
Su, Nan.
New Results in Multivariate Time Series with Applications.
Degree: PhD, Mathematical Science, 2012, Clemson University
URL: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/954
► This dissertation presents some new results in stationary multivariate time series. The asymptotic properties of the sample autocovariance are established, that is, we derive a…
(more)
▼ This dissertation presents some new results in stationary multivariate time series. The asymptotic properties of the sample autocovariance are established, that is, we derive a multivariate version of Bartlett's Classic Formula. The estimation of the autocovariance function plays a crucial role in time series analysis, in particular for the identification problem. Explicit formula for vector autoregressive (p) and vector moving average (q) processes are presented as examples. We also address linear processes driven by non-independent errors, a feature that permits consideration of multivariate GARCH processes. We next compare several techniques to discriminate two multivariate stationary signals. The compared methods include Gaussian likelihood ratio variance/covariance matrix tests and spectral-based tests gauging equality of the autocovariance function of the two signals. A simulation study is presented that illuminates the various properties of the methods. An analysis of experimentally collected gearbox data is also presented.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lund, Robert, Gallagher , Colin, Park , Chanseok, Kulasekera , K.B..
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics and Probability
Record Details
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Record Details
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Su, N. (2012). New Results in Multivariate Time Series with Applications. (Doctoral Dissertation). Clemson University. Retrieved from https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/954
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Su, Nan. “New Results in Multivariate Time Series with Applications.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Clemson University. Accessed March 29, 2020.
https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/954.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Su, Nan. “New Results in Multivariate Time Series with Applications.” 2012. Web. 29 Mar 2020.
Vancouver:
Su N. New Results in Multivariate Time Series with Applications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Clemson University; 2012. [cited 2020 Mar 29].
Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/954.
Council of Science Editors:
Su N. New Results in Multivariate Time Series with Applications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Clemson University; 2012. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/954
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations