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Oregon State University
1.
Kim, Taehyeong.
Organic-solvent resistant ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membrane modules for separation and purification of nanoparticles.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2011, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26135
► The intriguing size- and shape dependent properties of nanoparticles have garnered recent attention in many science and engineering areas. When the particle size is in…
(more)
▼ The intriguing size- and shape dependent properties of nanoparticles have garnered recent attention in many science and engineering areas. When the particle size is in the nanometer size range, the material exhibits very different properties such as surface plasmon resonance (of gold nanoparticles) and superparamagnetism (of iron oxide nanoparticles). The size-dependent properties of quantum dots have made them useful as UV-Vis-NIR sensors and in telecommunications applications. However, the separation and purification of nanoparticles are still challenging due to their size, insolubility in many solvents, and irreversible adsorption to other materials. Membrane filtration is widely used to separate nano-sized biological materials such as proteins, viruses, DNA and RNA. This dissertation presents novel approaches to the use of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes for
nanoparticle separation and purification using dead-end and cross-flow filtration techniques.
Purification of phosphine-stabilized Au₁₁ (Au₁₁(PPh₃)₈Cl₃, M.W. 4371, d[subscript core]=0.8 nm), produced in a microreactor without recrystallization, was achieved using nanofiltration membranes. The ceramic and polymer nanofiltration membranes were able to purify the Au₁₁ with rejection values higher than 90%. A novel continuous nanofiltration system design was applied and characterized. The continuous synthesis process, coupled with continuous nanofiltration, resulted in a significant reduction in synthesis time while producing higher yield than could be achieved in batch experiments. The diafiltration system was applied towards isolation of Au₁₁, and results were presented that indicate increased yield and enhanced product purity.
Organic-solvent resistant nanofiltration and ultrafiltration membranes were applied for purification and size-based separation of lead sulfide nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles that were initially synthesized with a 2-8nm size distribution. The nanofiltration membranes achieved rejection values greater than 95% for each of the
nanoparticle samples and retained most of the nanoparticles on the membranes. The nanofiltration membranes also exhibited high permeability, which translates to a reduced purification time. Ultrafiltration membranes were screened and successfully applied to the size fractionation of lead sulfide nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles.
A templated silsesquioxane (ssq) membrane was synthesized within the pore space of an alumina support membrane and used for the separation and purification of nano-sized materials such as nanoparticles and macromolecules. The ssq membrane was fabricated by polycondensation of a silsesquioxane monomer solution in the presence of a surfactant within the macroporous space of an Anodisc alumina membrane (Whatman, CO. Ltd, Maidstone, UK). The novel ssq membranes were successfully applied for size exclusion separations of organic soluble 5-8 nm gold nanoparticles (protected with dodecanethiol). A ssq membrane also proved useful for the separation of biological…
Advisors/Committee Members: Remcho, Vincent T. (advisor), Chang, Chih-hung (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticle; Nanofiltration
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APA (6th Edition):
Kim, T. (2011). Organic-solvent resistant ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membrane modules for separation and purification of nanoparticles. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26135
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kim, Taehyeong. “Organic-solvent resistant ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membrane modules for separation and purification of nanoparticles.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26135.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kim, Taehyeong. “Organic-solvent resistant ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membrane modules for separation and purification of nanoparticles.” 2011. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kim T. Organic-solvent resistant ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membrane modules for separation and purification of nanoparticles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26135.
Council of Science Editors:
Kim T. Organic-solvent resistant ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membrane modules for separation and purification of nanoparticles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26135
2.
Peng, Sheng.
Novel Monodisperse Nanoparticles: Synthesis,
Characterizations, and Applications.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2009, Brown University
URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:143/
► Monodisperse nanoparticles (NPs) below 20nm are of intense current interests, not only for the general miniaturization of the size, but also for their novel properties.…
(more)
▼ Monodisperse nanoparticles (NPs) below 20nm are of
intense current interests, not only for the general miniaturization
of the size, but also for their novel properties. The magnetic
properties of magnetic NPs are dramatically size-dependent when
they get into nanoscale, and the transition of these NPs from
ferromagnetic into superparamagnetic occurs within tens of
nanometers. Recent advances in chemical synthesis have led to
various monodisperse NPs with controlled size, shape, composition
and crystallinity. In this dissertation, monodisperse NPs of
magnetic Fe3O4, Fe, Co, FeCo and SmCo5, as well as noble metallic
Au, Ag and AuAg NPs will be discussed. Monodisperse magnetic
ferrite NPs, MFe2O4 (M = Fe, Co, Mn, etc) with controllable size of
5-20nm have been synthesized. The NPs are superparamagnetic with
moderate magnetic moments up to 80emu/g at room temperature.
Metallic iron (Fe) and cobalt (Co) NPs with high initial moments
(>120emu/g) have been produced via thermolysis of organometallic
precursors. However, due to the chemical instability, the NPs are
quickly oxidized in air, leading to drastic moment drop and rapid
aggregation. Crystalline iron oxide (Fe3O4) shell has been employed
to protect the NPs. The resulted bimagnetic core/shell NPs prove to
possess greatly enhanced chemical and magnetic stabilities. FeCo
NPs were made by coating Co seeds with Fe followed by interfacial
diffusions between the two components. The synthesis of hollow
Fe3O4 NPs has been achieved by controlled oxidation of Fe NPs,
utilizing Kirkendall diffusions. The crystallinity and the surface
pores of the hollow NPs can be readily tuned by controlling the
reaction temperature. Nanocrystalline SmCo-based hard magnets have
been fabricated via solid state reduction of SmCoO-based NPs with
calcium (Ca) granules. Hard magnetic properties have been revealed
from the annealed products of SmCo5 or Sm2Co17. Monodisperse
non-thiolated Au and Ag NPs have been prepared. The resulted Au NPs
reveal high catalytic activity for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation.
AuAg alloy NPs have been made by interfacial diffusion of
core/shell Ag/Au. Such NPs with promising properties are thus
interesting for various bio-medical, magnetic and catalytic
applications. Magnetic Fe3O4, Fe, Co, FeCo and hollow Fe3O4 NPs are
promising for drug delivery, imaging and hyperthermia.
Nanocrystalline SmCo is an excellent candidate of superior
permanent magnets.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sun, Shouheng (director), Sweigart, Dwight (reader), Kim, Eunsuk (reader).
Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticle Synthesis
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Peng, S. (2009). Novel Monodisperse Nanoparticles: Synthesis,
Characterizations, and Applications. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:143/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Peng, Sheng. “Novel Monodisperse Nanoparticles: Synthesis,
Characterizations, and Applications.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Brown University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:143/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Peng, Sheng. “Novel Monodisperse Nanoparticles: Synthesis,
Characterizations, and Applications.” 2009. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Peng S. Novel Monodisperse Nanoparticles: Synthesis,
Characterizations, and Applications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brown University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:143/.
Council of Science Editors:
Peng S. Novel Monodisperse Nanoparticles: Synthesis,
Characterizations, and Applications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brown University; 2009. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:143/

Addis Ababa University
3.
Minda, Lemma.
SPIN DEPENDENT 2D ELECTRON SCATTERING BY NANOMAGNETS
.
Degree: 2013, Addis Ababa University
URL: http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/1342
► The fundamental concept of spintronics,the di erence between nanoparticle and the corresponding bulk material is presented. Mathematical expression of scattering amplitude is derived for 3D…
(more)
▼ The fundamental concept of spintronics,the di erence between
nanoparticle and the corresponding
bulk material is presented. Mathematical expression of scattering amplitude
is derived for 3D and 2D scattering of electron from small target particle. But emphasis
is given for 2D scattering problem of an electron by a magnetized
nanoparticle using Born
approximation with account of the dipole- dipole interaction of the magnetic moments of
electron and nanomagnet. Born approximation doesn't work for nanomagnet gigantic
,for slow particles. We can justify it only for fast particle.
The scattering amplitudes in this problem are the two-component spinors. They are
obtained as functions of the electron spin orientation, the electron energy and show
anisotropy in scattering angle. The initially polarized beam of electrons scattered by
the nanomagnet consists of electrons with no spin
ipped and spin
ipped. The majority
of electrons with no spin
ipped are scattered by small angles. The majority electrons
with spin
ipped are scattered in the vicinity of the scattering angles
2 and 3
2 .This can
be used as one more as one more method of controlling the spin current.
The scattering amplitudes depend on mutual orientation of the magnetic moment of the
nanomagnet and the electron,the energy of electron and the scattering angle.
Advisors/Committee Members: Prof. V. N. Mal0nev (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: nanoparticle;
spintronics
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Minda, L. (2013). SPIN DEPENDENT 2D ELECTRON SCATTERING BY NANOMAGNETS
. (Thesis). Addis Ababa University. Retrieved from http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/1342
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Minda, Lemma. “SPIN DEPENDENT 2D ELECTRON SCATTERING BY NANOMAGNETS
.” 2013. Thesis, Addis Ababa University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/1342.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Minda, Lemma. “SPIN DEPENDENT 2D ELECTRON SCATTERING BY NANOMAGNETS
.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Minda L. SPIN DEPENDENT 2D ELECTRON SCATTERING BY NANOMAGNETS
. [Internet] [Thesis]. Addis Ababa University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/1342.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Minda L. SPIN DEPENDENT 2D ELECTRON SCATTERING BY NANOMAGNETS
. [Thesis]. Addis Ababa University; 2013. Available from: http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/1342
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Rice University
4.
Ma, Xintong.
Melting of Phase Change Material Around a Heated Nanoparticle with Natural and Forced Convection.
Degree: MS, Nanoscale Heat Transfer, 2019, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/107751
► Phase change heat transfer has been an area of interest for decades due to its application in solar collectors, nuclear reactor cooling, buildings, vehicle engines,…
(more)
▼ Phase change heat transfer has been an area of interest for decades due to its application in solar collectors, nuclear reactor cooling, buildings, vehicle engines, and others. Melting of phase change material around a spherical
nanoparticle with natural and forced convection at its boundary is analyzed. The continuity, momentum, and energy equations describing melting of ice and fluid flow phenomena for water are solved using commercially available ANSYS FLUENT software. Variation of water properties within the nanoscale enclosure are considered. Aluminum nanoparticles embedded in phase change material resulted in faster heating when compared to silver, gold, and copper nanoparticles. The effect of natural convection on fluid flow and melting rate at the nanoscale is studied and multicellular flows are observed. The fluid flow and the melting pattern resulting from mixed convection are presented. The effect of forced convection, resulting from transport of
nanoparticle due to an induced magnetic field and natural convection resulting from buoyancy forces are compared. In order to assess the validity of the numerical results, the well-known one-dimensional Stefan problem and the macroscale natural convection between two concentric spheres are studied as benchmarks.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bayazitoglu, Yildiz (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticle; PCM
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Ma, X. (2019). Melting of Phase Change Material Around a Heated Nanoparticle with Natural and Forced Convection. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/107751
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ma, Xintong. “Melting of Phase Change Material Around a Heated Nanoparticle with Natural and Forced Convection.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/107751.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ma, Xintong. “Melting of Phase Change Material Around a Heated Nanoparticle with Natural and Forced Convection.” 2019. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ma X. Melting of Phase Change Material Around a Heated Nanoparticle with Natural and Forced Convection. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/107751.
Council of Science Editors:
Ma X. Melting of Phase Change Material Around a Heated Nanoparticle with Natural and Forced Convection. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/107751

Cornell University
5.
Tan, Junhao Shawn.
Rational Design Of Dna As A Nanoscale Material.
Degree: PhD, Biomedical Engineering, 2013, Cornell University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33880
► One of the fundamental challenges of nanoscience and nanotechnology today is to organize nanoparticles, now increasingly recognized as 'artificial atoms', into higher-ordered structures analogous to…
(more)
▼ One of the fundamental challenges of nanoscience and nanotechnology today is to organize nanoparticles, now increasingly recognized as 'artificial atoms', into higher-ordered structures analogous to molecules, polymers, and crystals. Inorganic nanoparticles in particular have garnered significant interest for their unique size- and morphology-dependent properties in the nanoscale, much unlike bulk materials which typically possess constant physical properties. Furthermore, the collective properties of
nanoparticle assemblies in well-defined spatial configurations and crystal lattices can result in a dramatically different electromagnetic coupling profile among nanoparticles as compared to those of materials in the bulk phase, isolated nanoparticles, and disordered
nanoparticle assemblies. The potential for a new generation of designer materials and devices created from
nanoparticle "atoms" spurred on developments in the
nanoparticle assembly that included the rapid rise of DNA-based
nanoparticle assembly. DNA has long been investigated as genetic material but has quickly emerged in the past decade as excellent "generic" polymer that can be potentially engineered to organize complex, functional systems through self-assembly. Aside from its high monodispersity and outstanding stability, DNA possess the unique advantage of programmability via Watson-Crick basepairing. In the last decade alone, DNA-based
nanoparticle "molecules", "polymers" and "crystals" have been successfully demonstrated in a variety of formats, configurations and with different materials. In spite of the recent suc- cesses, there is still a tremendous lack of understanding on the nanoscale interactions that govern the assembly process, thus limiting the customizability, complexity, and utility of the final assembled product. The works discussed in this dissertation not only seek to challenge existing notions of DNA-based assembly but also to provide new insights into DNA-based
nanoparticle assembly that could pave the way towards a blueprint for rational design of complex
nanoparticle assemblies. In the following chapters, we explore how nanoparticles capped with linear DNA strands assemble into tunable crystals in various formats by rational control over DNA length, DNA sequence and ionic environment. In addition, we present how branched DNA can also be rationally designed to direct the assembly of
nanoparticle molecules.
Advisors/Committee Members: Luo, Dan (chair), Craighead, Harold G (committee member), Chu, Chih-Chang (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: DNA-nanoparticle assembly; Plasmonic nanomaterials; Nanoparticle crystallization
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Tan, J. S. (2013). Rational Design Of Dna As A Nanoscale Material. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33880
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tan, Junhao Shawn. “Rational Design Of Dna As A Nanoscale Material.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33880.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tan, Junhao Shawn. “Rational Design Of Dna As A Nanoscale Material.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Tan JS. Rational Design Of Dna As A Nanoscale Material. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33880.
Council of Science Editors:
Tan JS. Rational Design Of Dna As A Nanoscale Material. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33880

Cornell University
6.
Fernandes, Nikhil.
Synthesis, Properties, And Applications Of Nanoparticle Ionic Materials.
Degree: PhD, Applied Physics, 2014, Cornell University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/36140
► Nanoparticle Ionic Materials are a novel materials platform consisting of a nanoparticle core and a organic, typically polymeric canopy bonded by an ionic bond. These…
(more)
▼ Nanoparticle Ionic Materials are a novel materials platform consisting of a
nanoparticle core and a organic, typically polymeric canopy bonded by an ionic bond. These systems are a subset of a growing field of single-component nanohybrids, where the organic and inorganic components of a nanocomposite material are bonded to form a single independent unit. This approach is necessary to overcome the ubiquitous mixing problem inherent in creating inorganic/organic hybrid materials at length scales greater than small molecules. In order to create the ionic bond, a typical strategy involves the functionalization of the core particle with an oligomer carrying an easily ionizable group, before reacting that with the canopy containing a complementary ionizable group. Part of the work presented here demonstrates an alternate synthesis for silica, extendable to other metal oxides, utilizing the inherent surface charge of the
nanoparticle to create ionic materials without using complex chemistry. A major attraction of the
nanoparticle ionic materials is their tunable mechanical properties. Several authors have reported properties ranging from soft glassy materials to Newtonian fluids, depending on composition. An exhaustive study of the dependence of mechanical and thermal properties as a function of composition has been undertaken, and phase map has been created to inform future synthesis by design endeavors in this field. Addtionally, the effect of using multifunctional polymers that can link nanoparticles together has been studied, and it has been shown that the resulting materials are stiffer with the addition of even a small fraction of crosslinking polymers. The ionic bond is shown to have a large effect on these properties by increasing the modulus dramatically. Additionally, these materials are shown to form self-healing elastomers, with the ability to be molded repeatedly, and then to recover their elastic strength in the new conformation, opening avenues to novel materials for applications such as coatings.
Advisors/Committee Members: Giannelis, Emmanuel P (chair), Brock, Joel Donald (committee member), Hennig, Richard G. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticle hybrids; Nanoparticle Ionic Materials; Nanocomposites
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APA ·
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MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Fernandes, N. (2014). Synthesis, Properties, And Applications Of Nanoparticle Ionic Materials. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/36140
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fernandes, Nikhil. “Synthesis, Properties, And Applications Of Nanoparticle Ionic Materials.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1813/36140.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fernandes, Nikhil. “Synthesis, Properties, And Applications Of Nanoparticle Ionic Materials.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Fernandes N. Synthesis, Properties, And Applications Of Nanoparticle Ionic Materials. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/36140.
Council of Science Editors:
Fernandes N. Synthesis, Properties, And Applications Of Nanoparticle Ionic Materials. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/36140

University of Manitoba
7.
Wroczynskyj, Yaroslav.
Determination of nanoparticle size and surface charge in suspension by an electroacoustic method.
Degree: Physics and Astronomy, 2015, University of Manitoba
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30167
► An apparatus intended to measure the pressure oscillations generated by nanoparticle suspensions in response to an AC electric field was designed and made operational. Electroacoustic…
(more)
▼ An apparatus intended to measure the pressure oscillations generated by
nanoparticle suspensions in response to an AC electric field was designed and made operational. Electroacoustic measurements were performed on
nanoparticle systems covering a range of particle sizes and zeta-potentials, determined using typical particle characterization techniques. The results of the electroacoustic experiments were mapped to the hydrodynamic size and zeta-potentials of the various
nanoparticle systems. It was determined that while the electroacoustic technique can be used successfully to measure the motion of nanoparticles in response to an AC electric field, additional improvements to the electroacoustic apparatus are required to allow for a more rigorous mapping of electroacoustic measurements to particle hydrodynamic size and zeta-potential.
Advisors/Committee Members: van Lierop, Johan (Physics and Astronomy) (supervisor), Page, John (Physics and Astronomy) Miller, Donald (Pharmacology & Therapeutics) (examiningcommittee).
Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticle surface properties; Nanoparticle surface characterization
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Wroczynskyj, Y. (2015). Determination of nanoparticle size and surface charge in suspension by an electroacoustic method. (Masters Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30167
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wroczynskyj, Yaroslav. “Determination of nanoparticle size and surface charge in suspension by an electroacoustic method.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30167.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wroczynskyj, Yaroslav. “Determination of nanoparticle size and surface charge in suspension by an electroacoustic method.” 2015. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Wroczynskyj Y. Determination of nanoparticle size and surface charge in suspension by an electroacoustic method. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30167.
Council of Science Editors:
Wroczynskyj Y. Determination of nanoparticle size and surface charge in suspension by an electroacoustic method. [Masters Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30167

Carnegie Mellon University
8.
Stegemeier, John Peter.
Effects of Transformations of Ag and CuO Nanoparticles on Their Fate in Freshwater Wetland Sediments and Plants.
Degree: 2016, Carnegie Mellon University
URL: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/714
► Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are increasing becoming incorporated into consumer products to imbue remarkable physical and chemical properties. The increased use of these ENMs leads to…
(more)
▼ Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are increasing becoming incorporated into consumer products to imbue remarkable physical and chemical properties. The increased use of these ENMs leads to a growing need to understand the environmental fate of ENMs after release. Many ENMs, including Ag and Cu ENMs, have the potential to undergo complex physical and chemical transformations which impact their toxicity, solubility and fate in the environment. There is a lack of research characterizing the transformation rate and understanding how these transformations affect interactions with organisms and the ultimate environmental fate. The first objective of this thesis was to understand how transformations of Ag ENMs affect the uptake, distribution and speciation of these materials in plants. Terrestrial (alfalfa, Medicago sativa) and an aquatic (duckweed, Landoltia punctate) plant species were exposed hydroponically to as manufactured (“pristine”) Ag0-NPs and more environmentally relevant (“transformed”) Ag2S NPs. The uptake, spatial distribution and speciation of Ag were analyzed using synchrotron based X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) techniques to provide mechanistic insights into the uptake of these ENMs. The reduced solubility and reactivity of Ag2S ENMs was expected to prevent plants from solubilizing these particles and only allow for direct uptake of particles. For the more soluble Ag species, the absorption of Ag+ ions was expected to be primarily the mechanism of Ag uptake. Although the total Ag associated with the plants was similar, the Ag distribution in the roots was dramatically different. The transformed ENMs (Ag2S) appeared to be taken into the plant tissue as sulfidized ENMs. The pristine Ag0 ENMs were found to partially dissolve and incorporate into the plant tissue as both dissolved Ag and Ag0-NPs. The fact that ENMs readily attach onto plant tissue regardless of speciation and solubility suggests that exposure to ENMs may be controlled by factors affecting attachment to root surfaces. However, internalization of Ag appears to be affected by solubility. The second objective was to characterize the impact of transformations of Ag and Cu-based ENMs on the distribution, speciation and fate of these materials in subaquatic sediments and the aquatic plant, E. Densa in a simulated emergent freshwater wetland using large-scale mesocosms. The exposure of pristine (Ag0 and CuO) ENMs and their transformed analogues (Ag2S and CuS) was compared to an ionic control (Cu(NO3)2) to determine if nanoparticulate species of metals were distributed differently than their dissolved counterparts. The metal speciation was determined using XAS to elucidate relative timescales of transformations. The pristine ENMs were expected to rapidly transform into their more stable sulfidized species and the uptake of Ag and Cu were expected to depend on the solubility of the ENMs. Transformations of the pristine ENMs were found to be rapid (weeks) in the surficial sediment, but slower (months) in the aquatic plant tissue. The uptake of ENMs…
Subjects/Keywords: environment; nanoparticle; transformation
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Stegemeier, J. P. (2016). Effects of Transformations of Ag and CuO Nanoparticles on Their Fate in Freshwater Wetland Sediments and Plants. (Thesis). Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved from http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/714
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Stegemeier, John Peter. “Effects of Transformations of Ag and CuO Nanoparticles on Their Fate in Freshwater Wetland Sediments and Plants.” 2016. Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/714.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Stegemeier, John Peter. “Effects of Transformations of Ag and CuO Nanoparticles on Their Fate in Freshwater Wetland Sediments and Plants.” 2016. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Stegemeier JP. Effects of Transformations of Ag and CuO Nanoparticles on Their Fate in Freshwater Wetland Sediments and Plants. [Internet] [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/714.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Stegemeier JP. Effects of Transformations of Ag and CuO Nanoparticles on Their Fate in Freshwater Wetland Sediments and Plants. [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2016. Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/714
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Alberta
9.
McClure, Sean.
Polymer/Nanoparticle Nanocomposite Thin Films for
Optoelectronics: Experiment and Theory.
Degree: PhD, Department of Chemistry, 2011, University of Alberta
URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/j9602216f
► Third-generation optoelectronics, which utilize nanoscale materials, have received a considerable amount of attention in the chemical sciences and are poised to make a large impact…
(more)
▼ Third-generation optoelectronics, which utilize
nanoscale materials, have received a considerable amount of
attention in the chemical sciences and are poised to make a large
impact in both fundamental research and real-world application. In
order to make a contribution to the field, this thesis describes a
route towards highly stable, water-soluble semiconductor nanorods
and their incorporation into nanoparticle/polymer composite thin
films. To characterize the photoelectrical properties of these
multilayers, and to provide a proof-of-concept for a functional
optoelectronic device, the films were integrated into an excitonic
solar cell. To gain further insight into the physical properties of
the thin films, computational modeling of the carrier transport in
thiophenes was conducted, and the limits to device performance were
described in the context of their charge transport characteristics.
Electrostatic layer-by-layer (ELBL) assembly was used for the
synthesis of multilayer nanorod/polymer composite films. CdSe
nanorods (NRs) were synthesized and made cationic and water-soluble
using ligand exchange chemistry. The NRs were partnered with
anionic polymers including poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS)
and the two polythiophene-based photoactive polymers, sodium
poly[2-(3-thienyl)-ethoxy-4-butylsulfonate (PTEBS) and
poly[3-(potassium-6-hexanoate)thiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3KHT).
Multilayer growth, with nanoscale control, is shown through UV-vis
spectroscopy, cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
and surface analytical techniques including atomic force microscopy
(AFM). The formation of an intimate nanorod/conducting polymer bulk
heterojunction is confirmed through cross-sectional SEM,
transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning Auger
analysis. A series of photovoltaic devices was fabricated on ITO
electrodes using CdSe NRs in combination with PTEBS or P3KHT. A
thorough device analysis showed that performance was limited by
carrier transport throughout the films. Computational modeling of
the thiophene component in polymer-based third-generation devices
was done using density functional theory (DFT) with core potentials
added to account for long range dispersion interactions inherent to
optoelectronic thin films. Binding energies and orbital splittings
in dimers composed of monomers up to six rings were investigated.
The combination of experimental and computational studies
elucidates some of the underlying mechanisms behind the production
of third-generation solar energy.
Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticle; Solar; Optoelectronics
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
McClure, S. (2011). Polymer/Nanoparticle Nanocomposite Thin Films for
Optoelectronics: Experiment and Theory. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/j9602216f
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
McClure, Sean. “Polymer/Nanoparticle Nanocomposite Thin Films for
Optoelectronics: Experiment and Theory.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 24, 2021.
https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/j9602216f.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
McClure, Sean. “Polymer/Nanoparticle Nanocomposite Thin Films for
Optoelectronics: Experiment and Theory.” 2011. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
McClure S. Polymer/Nanoparticle Nanocomposite Thin Films for
Optoelectronics: Experiment and Theory. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/j9602216f.
Council of Science Editors:
McClure S. Polymer/Nanoparticle Nanocomposite Thin Films for
Optoelectronics: Experiment and Theory. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2011. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/j9602216f

Penn State University
10.
Chen, Niancao.
Programmable Nanomaterials for Detoxification.
Degree: 2014, Penn State University
URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23701
► Exogenous chemicals (e.g., drugs) and endogenous signaling molecules (e.g., growth factors) are important for the treatment of human diseases and the maintenance of a normal…
(more)
▼ Exogenous chemicals (e.g., drugs) and endogenous signaling molecules (e.g., growth factors) are important for the treatment of human diseases and the maintenance of a normal metabolism in the body. However, they can cause severe or fatal toxicity problems when their concentrations in the body exceed certain ranges1–3. To mitigate their toxic effects on the body, a myriad of antidotes have been developed. Of them, nanoparticles (e.g., liposomes) have recently attracted the most attention because nanoparticles can act as a sink to sequester toxic molecules more efficiently 4,5. Despite their promise, most nanoparticles have relatively low affinity in sequestering target molecules and slow sequestration rates. Moreover, currently available
nanoparticle antidotes cannot be actively regulated to control their capability of sequestering target molecules. As a result, when nanoparticles are applied to sequester endogenous signaling molecules, these molecules may be over eliminated, which can also cause severe effects or even fatality. Thus, it is important that
nanoparticle antidotes provide molecularly controllable target sequestration, which has never been studied before.
This dissertation research explores the concept of bidirectional molecular recognition control for the development of an open, programmable nanoscale antidote. This nanoscale antidote can not only sequester target molecules effectively and rapidly, but also release target molecules via molecular interactions on demand. To construct the antidote, DNA oligonucleotides were used as programmable building blocks and affinity ligands (i.e., nucleic acid aptamer) for the synthesis of both linear and branched affinity DNA polymers (DPs). A magnetic
nanoparticle was used as a nanoscaffold to support the growth of the DPs on its surface. Each repeating unit of the DP has the capability of target sequestration. The sequestration functionality of this programmable
nanoparticle antidote was evaluated by using both a small molecule drug and large molecule protein. This novel antidote was also examined by evaluating its capabilities in mitigating the biological effects of the drug and the protein. Moreover the reversing of target sequestration via molecular regulation was validated.
This dissertation has four major chapters. In Chapter 1, current strategies for developing
nanoparticle-based antidotes are systematically reviewed. In Chapter 2, the synthesis of affinity DNA polymer-functionalized nanoparticles is introduced. In Chapter 3, the functionalities of the programmable antidote for detoxification is demonstrated in vitro. In Chapter 4, the ability to program the function of the antidote via molecular regulation is validated. The data suggest that this antidote can sequester both small molecules and large proteins. Importantly, this antidote can be programmed via strand displacement to control the molecular sequestration.
The success of this study has opened a new avenue for the development of antidotes for safe and effective detoxification of either…
Advisors/Committee Members: Yong Wang, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Yong Wang, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Jian Yang, Committee Member, Christine Dolan Keating, Committee Member, Manish Kumar, Committee Member.
Subjects/Keywords: Aptamer; Nanoparticle; detoxification
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Chen, N. (2014). Programmable Nanomaterials for Detoxification. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23701
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chen, Niancao. “Programmable Nanomaterials for Detoxification.” 2014. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23701.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chen, Niancao. “Programmable Nanomaterials for Detoxification.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Chen N. Programmable Nanomaterials for Detoxification. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23701.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Chen N. Programmable Nanomaterials for Detoxification. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2014. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23701
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Newcastle
11.
Darwis, Darmawati.
Fabricating nanoparticulate organic thin film transistor (OTFT) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices using inkjet printing.
Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Newcastle
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1038771
► Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
This thesis presents a systematic study on two types of semiconducting polymer nanoparticulate suspensions prepared using: (1) a…
(more)
▼ Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
This thesis presents a systematic study on two types of semiconducting polymer nanoparticulate suspensions prepared using: (1) a surfactant-containing mini-emulsion method, and (2) a surfactant-free precipitation method. Both methods are performed in more environmentally friendly solvents compared with the harmful organic solvents used in conventional organic electronic device fabrication processes. The nanoparticle dispersions and thin films have been examined and characterised by the use of a combination of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Subsequently, the nanoparticles have been used to fabricate two types of organic electronic devices: (a) nanoparticulate organic thin film transistors (NPOTFTs) and (b) nanoparticulate organic photovoltaics (NPOPVs). For the NPOTFT fabrication, we have successfully produced low voltage solution-processible top gate NPOTFTs based on hygroscopic dielectrics using both surfactant-containing and surfactant-free P3HT nanoparticle suspensions. The nanoparticulate devices exhibited similar I-V characteristics to transistors based on P3HT films processed from organic solvent. We have also used P3HT:PCBM nanoparticles (prepared by the mini-emulsion and precipitation methods) to fabricate NPOPVs which also achieved a comparable device performance to conventional OPV devices processed in organic solvents. We present preliminary data showing, for the first time, the use of surfactant-free P3HT:PCBM nanoparticles in NPOPV devices. In addition, the application of surfactant-containing nanoparticles to produce for the first time preliminary proof-of-concept printed NPOTFTs and printed NPOPVs based on aqueous dispersion active layer using inkjet printing technique is also presented.
Advisors/Committee Members: University of Newcastle. Faculty of Science & Information Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences.
Subjects/Keywords: nanoparticle; OTFT; OPV
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Darwis, D. (2013). Fabricating nanoparticulate organic thin film transistor (OTFT) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices using inkjet printing. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Newcastle. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1038771
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Darwis, Darmawati. “Fabricating nanoparticulate organic thin film transistor (OTFT) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices using inkjet printing.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Newcastle. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1038771.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Darwis, Darmawati. “Fabricating nanoparticulate organic thin film transistor (OTFT) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices using inkjet printing.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Darwis D. Fabricating nanoparticulate organic thin film transistor (OTFT) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices using inkjet printing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Newcastle; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1038771.
Council of Science Editors:
Darwis D. Fabricating nanoparticulate organic thin film transistor (OTFT) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices using inkjet printing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Newcastle; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1038771

Colorado State University
12.
Bayram, Ercan.
Investigations of the identity of the true catalyst in three systems, including the development of catalyst poisoning methodology.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2012, Colorado State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/68154
► Following brief reviews of the pertinent "who is the catalyst?" and "M4 (M= transition-metal) cluster catalysis" literature, the research presented herein is focused on the…
(more)
▼ Following brief reviews of the pertinent "who is the catalyst?" and "M4 (M= transition-metal) cluster catalysis" literature, the research presented herein is focused on the investigations of the true catalyst for three different catalytic systems. The studies include: (i) the investigation of the true catalyst for neat benzene hydrogenation beginning with commercially available [Ir(cod)Cl]2 (cod= 1,5-cyclooctadiene) at 22 °C and 40 psig initial H2 pressure; (ii) the investigation of the true catalyst for benzene hydrogenation beginning with commercially available [RhCp*Cl2]2 (Cp*= pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) at 100 °C and 50 atm (740 psig) initial H2 pressure; and (iii) the investigation of the true catalyst for cyclohexene hydrogenation beginning with the well-characterized, site isolated [Ir(C2H4)2]/zeolite-Y complex at 22 °C and 40 psig initial H2 pressure, studies done collaboratively with Professor Bruce C. Gates and his group at the University of California-Davis. All three investigations aimed at identifying the true catalyst were studied via an arsenal of complimentary techniques including kinetics, in operando and post-catalysis X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy, kinetic quantitative poisoning experiments, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-angle annular dark-field scanning electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). The data obtained for each system presented herein provide compelling evidence that the proposed species in each chapter are the true catalyst of the given system, specifically (and respectively) for (i), (ii), and (iii) above Ir(0)n nanoparticles and aggregates, Rh4 sub-nanometer clusters, and atomically dispersed, mononuclear Ir1/zeolite Y catalysts. The results emphasize the need to use complimentary, multiple methods in order to correctly identify the true catalyst in such catalytic systems. The final study elucidates kinetic quantitative catalyst poisoning via two model catalysts: Rh(0)n nanoparticles and Rh4 clusters, providing detailed analyses of linear as well as non-linear kinetic quantitative poisoning plots. The resulting quantitative kinetic catalyst poisoning studies of Rh(0)n nanoparticles and Rh4 clusters led to estimates of the equivalents of poison bound, quantitative catalyst poisoning association constants, and the numbers of active sites for each catalyst.
Advisors/Committee Members: Finke, Richard G. (advisor), Chen, Eugene Y.-X. (committee member), Prieto, Amy L. (committee member), Bernstein, Elliot R. (committee member), Dandy, David S. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: nanoparticle; cluster; catalysis
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Bayram, E. (2012). Investigations of the identity of the true catalyst in three systems, including the development of catalyst poisoning methodology. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/68154
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bayram, Ercan. “Investigations of the identity of the true catalyst in three systems, including the development of catalyst poisoning methodology.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10217/68154.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bayram, Ercan. “Investigations of the identity of the true catalyst in three systems, including the development of catalyst poisoning methodology.” 2012. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Bayram E. Investigations of the identity of the true catalyst in three systems, including the development of catalyst poisoning methodology. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/68154.
Council of Science Editors:
Bayram E. Investigations of the identity of the true catalyst in three systems, including the development of catalyst poisoning methodology. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/68154

Baylor University
13.
Watkins, Preston S., 1990-.
Quantification of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in environmental matricies.
Degree: MS, Baylor University. Dept. of Environmental Science., 2016, Baylor University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/9913
► A consistent analytical method incorporating sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) digestion and ICP-MS quantification for titanium dioxide (TiO₂) was validated for 4 environmentally relevant matrices. The method…
(more)
▼ A consistent analytical method incorporating sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) digestion and ICP-MS quantification for titanium dioxide (TiO₂) was validated for 4 environmentally relevant matrices. The method provided Ti recoveries of 97 ± 2.5%, 91 ± 4.0%, 94 ± 1.8%, and 73 ± 2.6% (mean ± standard deviation) from water, fish tissue, periphyton, and sediment, respectively. Lower recoveries from sediment coincided with the percentage of sand in the sediments used for validation suggesting that unrecoverable Ti may be sequestered in the sand matrix. Our method was then used to quantify Ti in the the four validated matrices along four reaches in the North Bosque River Watershed. Ti concentrations ranged from 0 to 8 μg L^-1 in water, 45 to 526 μg g^-1 in sediment, 276 to 1520 μg g^-1 in periphyton, and 0 to 30 μg g^-1 in fish tissue. Ti concentrations in periphyton were significantly higher (p ˂0.001) than concentrations in other sample types, but were independent of distance from the effluent discharge.
Advisors/Committee Members: Cobb, George P. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticle. Titanium dioxide.
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Watkins, Preston S., 1. (2016). Quantification of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in environmental matricies. (Masters Thesis). Baylor University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2104/9913
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Watkins, Preston S., 1990-. “Quantification of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in environmental matricies.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Baylor University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2104/9913.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Watkins, Preston S., 1990-. “Quantification of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in environmental matricies.” 2016. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Watkins, Preston S. 1. Quantification of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in environmental matricies. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Baylor University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/9913.
Council of Science Editors:
Watkins, Preston S. 1. Quantification of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in environmental matricies. [Masters Thesis]. Baylor University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/9913

Colorado State University
14.
Martucci, Mary B.
Part 1: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles. Part 2: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2012, Colorado State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/67565
► The field of spintronics, the development of spin-based devices that utilize the spin degree of freedom to increase memory capacity, has emerged as a solution…
(more)
▼ The field of spintronics, the development of spin-based devices that utilize the spin degree of freedom to increase memory capacity, has emerged as a solution to faster more efficient memory storage for electronic devices. One class of materials that has been extensively studied is the half-metallic ferromagnets, compounds that are 100% spin-polarized at the Fermi level. One material in this group that has been investigated is chromium telluride (Cr1-xTe), whose family of compounds is known to exhibit a wide range of interesting magnetic and electronic properties. We have developed a hot injection solution synthesis of Cr5Te8 nanoplatlets which show similar magnetic behavior to the bulk material. It has also been shown that selenium and sulfur analogues can be obtained without changing the reaction conditions, making progress toward a better understanding of the reaction as well as an interesting family of compounds. Using real-space simulations, the effect of polarons in the high-Tc superconducting cuprates has been studied. The simulations demonstrate energetically favorable sites for the defects and show evidence of longer-range pairing interactions. Variations of the stripe show similar energetic results. X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and neutron scattering have been utilized to examine the local structure of Ni-doped Mg nanoparticles, a hydrogen storage material as well as Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanoparticles, a photovoltaic material. The Mg-Ni material shows much local disorder upon hydrogen cycling. The CZTS data demonstrate a loss of sulfur from around the copper sites upon annealing, helping to explain the changes observed in the optical absorption properties resulting from the annealing process.
Advisors/Committee Members: Prieto, Amy L. (advisor), Elliott, C. Michael (committee member), Fisher, Ellen R. (committee member), Rickey, Dawn (committee member), Patton, Carl E. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: local structure; nanoparticle
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Martucci, M. B. (2012). Part 1: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles. Part 2: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/67565
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Martucci, Mary B. “Part 1: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles. Part 2: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10217/67565.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Martucci, Mary B. “Part 1: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles. Part 2: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials.” 2012. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Martucci MB. Part 1: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles. Part 2: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/67565.
Council of Science Editors:
Martucci MB. Part 1: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles. Part 2: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials: Synthesis and characterization of magnetic Cr5Te8 nanoparticles: Local atomic structure studies using theory to simulate polarons in superconducting cuprates and experiment to analyze alternative energy nanomaterials. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/67565

University of Cambridge
15.
Carnegie, Cloudy.
Plasmonic sensing via surface-enhanced spectroscopies.
Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Cambridge
URL: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.45915
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792986
► The research reported in this thesis focuses on the high field localisation formed in the nanometric gaps between gold nanoparticles. Sub-wavelength sized nanoparticles irradiated with…
(more)
▼ The research reported in this thesis focuses on the high field localisation formed in the nanometric gaps between gold nanoparticles. Sub-wavelength sized nanoparticles irradiated with light support electron oscillations known as plasmons, and coupling of plasmons between adjacent nanoparticles leads to hot-spots of high field enhancements in the gaps between them. The scattering processes of molecules placed in these gaps is drastically enhanced by the hot-spot, a technique utilised in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). This thesis focuses on the optimisation of the SERS signals from these gaps. What is the limiting volume we can observe and what does this tell us about molecular interactions on the single-atom scale? Two types of nanostructure are utilised in this thesis for formation of nanometric gaps: long chain nano-aggregates and single junction nanoparticle-on-mirror structures. The first part of this thesis explores the use of nano-aggregates for plasmonic sensing via SERS. A key parameter to control is the gap distance between adjacent nanoparticles. Here the barrel-shaped cucubit[n]uril macromolecules are utilised. I show how nano-aggregates formed with CB[n] spacer molecules can be used for robust drug sensing of synthetic cannabi- noids down to the nanomolar regime through use of reliable gap distances in conjunction with principal component analysis (PCA) algorithms. I also show how depositing aggregates onto a substrate can effect both the inelastic and elastic scattering, through mapping the signals across a 12 × 12 μm area, demonstrating that although placing aggregates on a gold substrate can enhance the recorded signals, it is the inter-nanoparticle hotspots which dominate the signal. In the second part of this thesis I look at the subtleties of metal-molecule dynamics at single junctions formed in the nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) construct. The nanoparticle- on-mirror construct comprises of a single nanoparticle spaced above a flat gold film by a molecular spacer layer. Here the spacer layers are self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) which form a robust coverage of the metal film. I show that 'picocavities (atomic protrusions from the gold surface) can be observed and studied at room temperature. A key finding is the discovery and characterisation of new 'flare modes' which are millisecond increases in light intensity, shown to likely come from regions of reduced local plasma frequency, indicative of a nanoparticle grain boundary.
Subjects/Keywords: plasmonics; sensing; nanoparticle
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Carnegie, C. (2019). Plasmonic sensing via surface-enhanced spectroscopies. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.45915 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792986
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Carnegie, Cloudy. “Plasmonic sensing via surface-enhanced spectroscopies.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed January 24, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.45915 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792986.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Carnegie, Cloudy. “Plasmonic sensing via surface-enhanced spectroscopies.” 2019. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Carnegie C. Plasmonic sensing via surface-enhanced spectroscopies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.45915 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792986.
Council of Science Editors:
Carnegie C. Plasmonic sensing via surface-enhanced spectroscopies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2019. Available from: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.45915 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792986
16.
Carnegie, Cloudy.
Plasmonic Sensing via Surface-Enhanced Spectroscopies.
Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Cambridge
URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/298860
► The research reported in this thesis focuses on the high field localisation formed in the nanometric gaps between gold nanoparticles. Sub-wavelength sized nanoparticles irradiated with…
(more)
▼ The research reported in this thesis focuses on the high field localisation formed in the nanometric gaps between gold nanoparticles. Sub-wavelength sized nanoparticles irradiated with light support electron oscillations known as plasmons, and coupling of plasmons between adjacent nanoparticles leads to hot-spots of high field enhancements in the gaps between them. The scattering processes of molecules placed in these gaps is drastically enhanced by the hot-spot, a technique utilised in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). This thesis focuses on the optimisation of the SERS signals from these gaps. What is the limiting volume we can observe and what does this tell us about molecular interactions on the single-atom scale? Two types of nanostructure are utilised in this thesis for formation of nanometric gaps: long chain nano-aggregates and single junction nanoparticle-on-mirror structures.
The first part of this thesis explores the use of nano-aggregates for plasmonic sensing via SERS. A key parameter to control is the gap distance between adjacent nanoparticles. Here the barrel-shaped cucubit[n]uril macromolecules are utilised. I show how nano-aggregates formed with CB[n] spacer molecules can be used for robust drug sensing of synthetic cannabi- noids down to the nanomolar regime through use of reliable gap distances in conjunction with principal component analysis (PCA) algorithms. I also show how depositing aggregates onto a substrate can effect both the inelastic and elastic scattering, through mapping the signals across a 12 × 12 μm area, demonstrating that although placing aggregates on a gold substrate can enhance the recorded signals, it is the inter-nanoparticle hotspots which dominate the signal.
In the second part of this thesis I look at the subtleties of metal-molecule dynamics at single junctions formed in the nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) construct. The nanoparticle- on-mirror construct comprises of a single nanoparticle spaced above a flat gold film by a molecular spacer layer. Here the spacer layers are self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) which form a robust coverage of the metal film. I show that ‘picocavities (atomic protrusions from the gold surface) can be observed and studied at room temperature. A key finding is the discovery and characterisation of new ‘flare modes’ which are millisecond increases in light intensity, shown to likely come from regions of reduced local plasma frequency, indicative of a nanoparticle grain boundary.
Subjects/Keywords: plasmonics; sensing; nanoparticle
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APA (6th Edition):
Carnegie, C. (2019). Plasmonic Sensing via Surface-Enhanced Spectroscopies. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/298860
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Carnegie, Cloudy. “Plasmonic Sensing via Surface-Enhanced Spectroscopies.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed January 24, 2021.
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/298860.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Carnegie, Cloudy. “Plasmonic Sensing via Surface-Enhanced Spectroscopies.” 2019. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Carnegie C. Plasmonic Sensing via Surface-Enhanced Spectroscopies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/298860.
Council of Science Editors:
Carnegie C. Plasmonic Sensing via Surface-Enhanced Spectroscopies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2019. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/298860

Georgia Tech
17.
Jiang, Wenchao.
Spin dependent transport in ferromagnetic particles.
Degree: PhD, Physics, 2014, Georgia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52204
► Spintronics is an emerging technology that arises from the interplay between spin of the charge carrier and the magnetic property of the materials. The miniaturization…
(more)
▼ Spintronics is an emerging technology that arises from the interplay between spin of the charge carrier and the magnetic property of the materials. The miniaturization of spintronic devices requires a deep understanding of ferromagnetic materials at the nanometer scale. This thesis studies the properties of ferromagnetic particles (2-5nm in diameter) using electron transport measurements. A technique to fabricate
nanoparticle devices and incorporate microwave in the electron tunneling measurement of the particles is presented. Repeated microwave pulses can directly excite the magnetization of the particles without heating the electrons. Results of the transport measurements on Co particles will be discussed, which demonstrate that electron tunneling through a ferromagnetic particle can induce magnetization excitations in that particle. A physical model regarding the mesoscopic fluctuations is presented to address the current driven magnetization noise. Numerical simulations based on that model are performed to explain the experimental data and validate the model. Electron transport measurements on Ni, Fe, and Ni??Fe?? are conducted. The hysteretic behaviors of the particles in presence of electron tunneling have strong material dependence, which is mainly due to the magnetic shape anisotropy. Electron tunneling is a main source of magnetization noise, while other sources still need to be identified. Some data we collected from literature will be included in this thesis as an appendix.
Advisors/Committee Members: Davidovic, Dragomir (advisor), First, Phillip (committee member), Jiang, Zhigang (committee member), Pustinik, Michael (committee member), Gokhale, Arun M. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Electron transport; Nanoparticle
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APA (6th Edition):
Jiang, W. (2014). Spin dependent transport in ferromagnetic particles. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52204
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jiang, Wenchao. “Spin dependent transport in ferromagnetic particles.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52204.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jiang, Wenchao. “Spin dependent transport in ferromagnetic particles.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Jiang W. Spin dependent transport in ferromagnetic particles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52204.
Council of Science Editors:
Jiang W. Spin dependent transport in ferromagnetic particles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52204

University of North Texas
18.
Blake, Deanne Renee.
Effects of Layer Double Hydroxide Nanoclays on the Toxicity of Copper to Daphnia Magna.
Degree: 2012, University of North Texas
URL: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115048/
► Nanoparticles may affect secondary pollutants such as copper. Layer Double Hydroxides (LDH) are synthetically produced nanoparticles that adsorb copper via cation exchange. Pretreatment of copper…
(more)
▼ Nanoparticles may affect secondary pollutants such as copper. Layer Double Hydroxides (LDH) are synthetically produced nanoparticles that adsorb copper via cation exchange. Pretreatment of copper test solutions with LDH nanoparticles followed by filtration removal of LDH nanoparticles demonstrated the smallest LDH aggregates removed the most copper toxicity. This was due to increased surface area for cation exchange relative to larger particle aggregates. Co-exposure tests of copper chloride and clay were run to determine if smaller clay particles increased copper uptake by D. magna. Coexposure treatments had lower LC50 values compared to the filtration tests, likely as a result of additive toxicity. LDH nanoclays do reduce copper toxicity in Daphnia magna and may serve as a remediation tool.
Advisors/Committee Members: Roberts, Aaron P., Klaine, Stephen J., D'Souza, Nandika Anne, 1967-.
Subjects/Keywords: Nanoclays; nanoparticle; daphnia
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Virginia Tech
19.
Tiwari, Andrea Jean.
Aerosolization and Atmospheric Transformation of Engineered Nanoparticles.
Degree: PhD, Civil Engineering, 2014, Virginia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56664
► While research on the environmental impacts of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) is growing, the potential for them to be chemically transformed in the atmosphere has been…
(more)
▼ While research on the environmental impacts of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) is growing, the potential for them to be chemically transformed in the atmosphere has been largely ignored. The overall objective of this work was to assess the atmospheric transformation of carbonaceous nanoparticles (CNPs). The research focuses on C₆₀ fullerene because it is an important member of the carbonaceous
nanoparticle (CNP) family and is used in a wide variety of applications.
The first specific objective was to review the potential of atmospheric transformations to alter the environmental impacts of CNPs. We described atmospheric processes that were likely to physically or chemically alter aerosolized CNPs and demonstrated their relevance to CNP behavior and toxicity in the aqueous and terrestrial environment.
In order to investigate the transformations of CNP aerosols under controlled conditions, we developed an aerosolization technique that produces nano-scale aerosols without using solvents, which can alter the surface chemistry of the aerosols. We demonstrated the technique with carbonaceous (C₆₀) and metal oxide (TiO₂, CeO₂)
nanoparticle powders. All resulting aerosols exhibited unimodal size distributions and mode particle diameters below 100 nm.
We used the new aerosolization technique to investigate the reaction between aerosolized C₆₀ and atmospherically realistic levels of ozone (O₃) in terms of reaction products, reaction rate, and oxidative stress potential. We identified C₆₀O, C₆₀O2, and C₆₀O3 as products of the C₆₀-O3 reaction. We demonstrated that the oxidative stress potential of C₆₀ may be enhanced by exposure to O3. We found the pseudo-first order reaction rate to be 9 x 10⁻⁶ to 2 x 10⁻⁵ s⁻¹, which is several orders of magnitude lower than the rate for several PAH species under comparable conditions.
This research has demonstrated that a thorough understanding of atmospheric chemistry of ENPs is critical for accurate prediction of their environmental impacts. It has also enabled future research in that vein by developing a novel technique to produce nanoscale aerosols from
nanoparticle powders. Results of this research will help guide the formulation of appropriate environmental policy concerning the regulation of ENPs.
Advisors/Committee Members: Marr, Linsey C. (committeechair), Vikesland, Peter J. (committee member), Hochella, Michael F. Jr. (committee member), Morris, John R. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Aerosol; nanoparticle; atmosphere
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Tiwari, A. J. (2014). Aerosolization and Atmospheric Transformation of Engineered Nanoparticles. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56664
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tiwari, Andrea Jean. “Aerosolization and Atmospheric Transformation of Engineered Nanoparticles.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56664.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tiwari, Andrea Jean. “Aerosolization and Atmospheric Transformation of Engineered Nanoparticles.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Tiwari AJ. Aerosolization and Atmospheric Transformation of Engineered Nanoparticles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56664.
Council of Science Editors:
Tiwari AJ. Aerosolization and Atmospheric Transformation of Engineered Nanoparticles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56664

University of New South Wales
20.
Yang, Xiaohong.
Synthesis of titanium oxide hybrid nanostructures for photocatalysis applications.
Degree: Centre for Computer Simulation & Modelling of Particulate Systems, 2014, University of New South Wales
URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53547
;
https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12242/SOURCE02?view=true
► Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have exhibited excellent properties and applications in many fields of clean energy, environment protection and biotechnology. This thesis aims to study…
(more)
▼ Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have exhibited excellent properties and applications in many fields of clean energy, environment protection and biotechnology. This thesis aims to study on TiO2 and its hybrid nanostructures. A brief introduction and literature review on the titanium dioxide synthesis, modifications as well as potential applications which will be presented in Chapters 1 and 2, respectively. Chapter 3 presents an acetone assisted sol-gel synthesis method for preparing monodispersed TiO2 nanoparticles under mild conditions. The experimental parameters, colloidal growth mechanism, and role of acetone in the synthesis process were systematically studied. The photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared particles were compared with commercial titanium dioxide P25 powder under the same conditions. To enhance the functional properties of photocatalysis, the nanocomposites of silver and titanium dioxide with different nanostructures were fabricated in Chapter 4, in which
[email protected] dioxide core-shell nanostructures were found to exhibit excellent performance in photo degradation of organic molecules, nearly double high efficiency to the pure titanium dioxide. The mechanism was studied by density functional simulation (DFT) method. To further explore the multi-functionality of silver-titanium dioxide composites, Chapter 5 assessed the bacterial growth inhibition and bactericidal ability between
[email protected] dioxide core-shell nanostructures and silver doped on the surface of titanium dioxide nanostructures. In chapter 6, a general applied titanium dioxide coating strategy was developed on a variety of core particles (such as Au, Ag, Fe2O3, V2O5, SiO2) with different functionalities. Finally, the summary was presented in Chapter 7.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jiang, Xuchuan, Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW.
Subjects/Keywords: TiO2 nanoparticle; Photocatalyst
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Yang, X. (2014). Synthesis of titanium oxide hybrid nanostructures for photocatalysis applications. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53547 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12242/SOURCE02?view=true
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yang, Xiaohong. “Synthesis of titanium oxide hybrid nanostructures for photocatalysis applications.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53547 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12242/SOURCE02?view=true.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yang, Xiaohong. “Synthesis of titanium oxide hybrid nanostructures for photocatalysis applications.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Yang X. Synthesis of titanium oxide hybrid nanostructures for photocatalysis applications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53547 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12242/SOURCE02?view=true.
Council of Science Editors:
Yang X. Synthesis of titanium oxide hybrid nanostructures for photocatalysis applications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2014. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53547 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12242/SOURCE02?view=true

University of Texas – Austin
21.
Myers, Vera Sue.
Characterization of dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles by extended x-ray absorption fine structure and electrochemical methods.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2011, University of Texas – Austin
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/20660
► The small size regime and bulky hydrocarbon exterior of dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles (DENs) often make characterization of these materials a unique challenge. Here, I report…
(more)
▼ The small size regime and bulky hydrocarbon exterior of dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles (DENs) often make characterization of these materials a unique challenge. Here, I report on three studies utilizing the techniques of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and electrochemistry to probe the properties and behavior of these materials. First, the synthesis and characterization of PdCu bimetallic nanoparticles, and Pd and Cu monometallic nanoparticles, consisting of an average of ~64 atoms is described. The bimetallic nanoparticles were prepared by co-complexation of Pd²⁺ and Cu²⁺ salts to interior functional groups of a dendrimer template followed by chemical reduction to yield DENs. EXAFS spectroscopy indicates that these particles have an alloy structure. This is a rare example of a stable
nanoparticle in this size range that consists of one reactive metal and one substantially more noble metal. Second, in-situ electrochemical EXAFS is used to evaluate the structure of Pt DENs during the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The DENs contained an average of just 225 atoms each. The results indicate that the Pt coordination number (CN) decreases when the electrode potential is moved to positive values. The results are interpreted in terms of an ordered core, disordered shell model. The structure of the DENs is not significantly impacted by the presence of dioxygen, but other electrogenerated species may have a significant impact on
nanoparticle structure. Third, the electrochemical dissolution of Cu DENs is investigated using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). The effect of the scan rate and Cu loading on the electrode to the stripping wave is performed. The results indicate a large, positive shift of the stripping potential for the dendrimer-metal composites, but no size-dependent changes to peak position.
Advisors/Committee Members: Crooks, Richard M. (Richard McConnell) (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticle; Dendrimer; EXAFS
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APA (6th Edition):
Myers, V. S. (2011). Characterization of dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles by extended x-ray absorption fine structure and electrochemical methods. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/20660
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Myers, Vera Sue. “Characterization of dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles by extended x-ray absorption fine structure and electrochemical methods.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2152/20660.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Myers, Vera Sue. “Characterization of dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles by extended x-ray absorption fine structure and electrochemical methods.” 2011. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Myers VS. Characterization of dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles by extended x-ray absorption fine structure and electrochemical methods. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/20660.
Council of Science Editors:
Myers VS. Characterization of dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles by extended x-ray absorption fine structure and electrochemical methods. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/20660

University of Texas – Austin
22.
Salas Porras, Ricardo Federico.
Compressibility of nanoparticle stabilized foams for foamed cement applications.
Degree: MSin Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, 2014, University of Texas – Austin
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28289
► Foamed cement is widely used in the oil and gas industry to provide zonal isolation. Foamed cement provides various advantages vs. pure cement. The primary…
(more)
▼ Foamed cement is widely used in the oil and gas industry to provide zonal isolation. Foamed cement provides various advantages vs. pure cement. The primary purpose of foamed cement is to reduce the density of the cement mixture. Consequently, foamed cement can be used in weak formations were reduced exerted hydrostatic pressure is needed to prevent/control cement circulation loss into the formation. However, Due to gas compressibility, foamed cement’s gas injection rate has to be constantly adjusted in order to create a constant density slurry through the height of the cement column. Furthermore, foamed cement’s properties include higher ductility, constant pressure exertion to the formation during cement transition time (gelling) and lower thermal conductivity. The ability of solid silica nanoparticles to generate stable gas/water foams was researched for foamed cement applications. Solid nanoparticles have been shown to permanently stabilize foams by assembling into layers at the gas/water interface. A potential decrease in compressibility of the gas phase by the presence of these armoring bubble layers was investigated. Enhancement of cement’s splitting tensile strength and compressive strength by silica nanoparticles was also investigated. The addition of uncoated silica nanoparticles at various concentrations did not appear to enhance neither cement’s splitting tensile or compressive strength. In most tests with varying silica nanoparticles concentrations, the samples with nanoparticles exhibited a slightly reduced splitting tensile and compressive strength. The exception being the compressive strength of the samples mixed with the highest
nanoparticle concentration tested. However, the strength improvement was small vs. its pure cement counterpart. An apparatus to test the compressibility of
nanoparticle stabilized foams was built for this research. The functionality of the apparatus was validated using various test fluids. The validation process allowed for the establishment of a compressibility benchmark to compare the compressibility of
nanoparticle stabilized foams. A vital conclusion of this process was that generating the particle stabilized foams under pressure would allow for greater discernment between the existence of the armored bubble effect and gas dissolution into the water phase. A type of
nanoparticle was identified as having the capacity to generate long term stable foams without the need of surfactant. Partially hydrophobic surface treated silica nanoparticles were utilized to generate gas/water foams under pressure and subsequently their compressibility was measured. The compressibility of these foams did not appear to show the armored bubble effect behaving as an equivalent ideal gas + water mixture. An additional surfactant and particle stabilized foam recipe was tested and displayed the same results. It was concluded that either the particle layers were not fully forming in the foam or in the case they were forming; either foam geometry was not conductive to the distribution of forces or…
Advisors/Committee Members: Bryant, Steven L. (advisor), Bommer, Paul Michael (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Cement; Nanoparticle; Foam
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APA (6th Edition):
Salas Porras, R. F. (2014). Compressibility of nanoparticle stabilized foams for foamed cement applications. (Masters Thesis). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28289
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Salas Porras, Ricardo Federico. “Compressibility of nanoparticle stabilized foams for foamed cement applications.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28289.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Salas Porras, Ricardo Federico. “Compressibility of nanoparticle stabilized foams for foamed cement applications.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Salas Porras RF. Compressibility of nanoparticle stabilized foams for foamed cement applications. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28289.
Council of Science Editors:
Salas Porras RF. Compressibility of nanoparticle stabilized foams for foamed cement applications. [Masters Thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28289

University of Toronto
23.
Zagorovsky, Kyrylo.
DNA-mediated Gold Nanoparticle Assembly: a Universal Platform for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications.
Degree: PhD, 2016, University of Toronto
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/73227
► Unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials offer novel methodologies for disease treatment and diagnosis. Dynamic nanoparticle assemblies are adding an additional level of functionality and flexibility…
(more)
▼ Unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials offer novel methodologies for disease treatment and diagnosis. Dynamic
nanoparticle assemblies are adding an additional level of functionality and flexibility by combining multiple
nanoparticle types into structures with stimuli-responsive size and surface chemistry. DNA-mediated gold nanoparticles assemblies are offering the most functional and versatile platform, which combines DNA addressability with large surface area, monodispersity, and easy functionalization of gold nanoparticles. Assembly size determines their application, with smaller nanoassemblies particularly suitable for drug delivery, and larger microassemblies used for biosensing. Despite a number of published studies, no in vivo examples or clinically ready biosensors have been reported. Therefore, the goal of this thesis was to identify the barriers for translation in both fields and to develop methods to overcome these limitations. To this end core-satellite nanoassemblies were designed for in vivo delivery, which efficiently protected loaded cargo and minimized macrophage recognition. Their controllable serum stability could be used as the mechanism of cargo release. In vivo nanoassemblies showed longer circulation half-life, improved tumour targeting, and renal bioelimination. In parallel, larger microassembly structures were combined with DNA enzyme signal amplification to generate a novel infectious pathogen biosensor. The assay was particularly suited for point-of-care setting with cheap and stable components and simple, fast, and specific colourimetric readout that could assay multiple targets in parallel. To demonstrate its clinical readiness, the assay was adapted for detection of a panel of five urinary tract infection bacteria. All targets were successfully identified in parallel at clinically relevant concentrations. Preliminary tests with E. coli patient samples confirmed clinical detection with good sensitivity and excellent specificity. This work presents a novel DNA-mediated gold
nanoparticle assembly platform that is ready for in vivo translation and clinical in vitro diagnostics.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chan, Warren CW, Biomedical Engineering.
Subjects/Keywords: Cancer therapy; Diagnostics; Gold nanoparticle; Nanoparticle; Nanoparticle assembly; Nanotechnology; 0652
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MLA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Zagorovsky, K. (2016). DNA-mediated Gold Nanoparticle Assembly: a Universal Platform for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/73227
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zagorovsky, Kyrylo. “DNA-mediated Gold Nanoparticle Assembly: a Universal Platform for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Toronto. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/73227.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zagorovsky, Kyrylo. “DNA-mediated Gold Nanoparticle Assembly: a Universal Platform for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications.” 2016. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Zagorovsky K. DNA-mediated Gold Nanoparticle Assembly: a Universal Platform for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/73227.
Council of Science Editors:
Zagorovsky K. DNA-mediated Gold Nanoparticle Assembly: a Universal Platform for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/73227

Oregon State University
24.
Zhou, Zheng.
Studies on effect of stabilizers, chelators and inherent periodicity on nanoparticle antioxidant activity.
Degree: MS, Chemical Engineering, 2015, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/55810
► The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is tightly regulated in biological systems as overproduction can lead to oxidative stress and result in a number…
(more)
▼ The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is tightly regulated in biological systems as overproduction can lead to oxidative stress and result in a number of diseases. Due to its negative effects, antioxidants are studied and used against ROS in medicine, pharmaceuticals and therapeutics. Because of issues with the uptake and delivery of natural antioxidants,
nanoparticle (NP) antioxidants are promising due to their higher bioavailability, solubility and stability. Given the importance of oxidative stress and the potential for certain NPs to modify redox balance, it is important to build a rapid, reproducible, robust assay for analysis of NP chemical behaviors. Many studies have addressed the impact of surface chemistry on single NP antioxidant capacity (AOC), yet few have compared different NP AOCs in relation to their intrinsic properties. In this study, we investigated the AOC of silver, gold and eight lanthanide metal oxide NPs (AgNP, AuNP and LnOxNPs) using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay. We found that all of the NPs tested exhibited AOC, and AuNP AOC was more pronounced than AgNP when ions were not accounted for in the reaction. When ions released from the surface were removed by the addition of chelators into the dispersion, the AOC of AgNP was higher than AuNP. For the LnOxNPs, the AOC exhibited periodicity based on their elemental properties. LnOxNPs AOC was negatively correlated to the amount of unpaired electrons in 4f orbital and lanthanum crystal ionic radius. This study supports that we can predict AOC of various NPs based on their intrinsic atomic properties. Moreover, it provides a potential mechanism to simulate and explain the effect of surface chemistry on AOC of NPs, which will be valuable for nanomedicine and the nanoscience industry.
Advisors/Committee Members: Harper, Stacey L. (advisor), Herman, Gregory S. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticle; Antioxidants – Physiological effect
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Zhou, Z. (2015). Studies on effect of stabilizers, chelators and inherent periodicity on nanoparticle antioxidant activity. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/55810
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhou, Zheng. “Studies on effect of stabilizers, chelators and inherent periodicity on nanoparticle antioxidant activity.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/55810.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhou, Zheng. “Studies on effect of stabilizers, chelators and inherent periodicity on nanoparticle antioxidant activity.” 2015. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Zhou Z. Studies on effect of stabilizers, chelators and inherent periodicity on nanoparticle antioxidant activity. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/55810.
Council of Science Editors:
Zhou Z. Studies on effect of stabilizers, chelators and inherent periodicity on nanoparticle antioxidant activity. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/55810

NSYSU
25.
Wang, Ching-Wen.
Synthesis of Silver Nanowires by TiO2 Nanoparticles.
Degree: Master, Chemistry, 2008, NSYSU
URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0623108-164201
► ãSilver nanowires prepared by the the reduction of AgNO3 at low temperature with thermocatalystic biphase (anatase and brookite phases) TiO2 nanoparticles are described. Furthermore, the…
(more)
▼ ãSilver nanowires prepared by the the reduction of AgNO3 at low temperature with thermocatalystic biphase (anatase and brookite phases) TiO2 nanoparticles are described. Furthermore, the possible mechanism to grow silver nanowires without the help of the Ag seed and capping reagent is proposed.
ãFirstly, the amorphous TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by sol-gel method were spin-coated on the silicon wafer to form amorphous TiO2 matrix. Then an aqueous AgNO3 (1 µL 0.7 M) solution was dropped on the amorphous TiO2 matrix. Following the heat treatment at 200 °C for 8 h, the silver nanowires (length~10 µm, line width~100 nm) were grown on the silicon wafer. We found that amorphous phase of TiO2 was changed to the anatase and brookite phases during the thermal reduction of the aqueous solution of AgNO3.
ãSilver nanowires were characterized as f.c.c. structure by XRD. The TiO2 particles play an important role in providing electrons and holes for redox reaction and nucleation. With the controlling of the heating temperature and the amount of AgNO3, the silver nanowires were selectively grown in one dimension with large energetic surface. A combination of HR-TEM imaging and selected area electron diffraction reveals that the growing direction for the Ag wires is <011>.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lan-Chang Liang (chair), Chin-Hsing Chou (chair), Teng-Yuan Dong (committee member), Nein-Chen Chang (chair).
Subjects/Keywords: nanoparticle; TiO2; silver nanowire
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Wang, C. (2008). Synthesis of Silver Nanowires by TiO2 Nanoparticles. (Thesis). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0623108-164201
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wang, Ching-Wen. “Synthesis of Silver Nanowires by TiO2 Nanoparticles.” 2008. Thesis, NSYSU. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0623108-164201.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wang, Ching-Wen. “Synthesis of Silver Nanowires by TiO2 Nanoparticles.” 2008. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Wang C. Synthesis of Silver Nanowires by TiO2 Nanoparticles. [Internet] [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0623108-164201.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Wang C. Synthesis of Silver Nanowires by TiO2 Nanoparticles. [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2008. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0623108-164201
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

NSYSU
26.
Chang, Chiung-Wen.
Investigation of the Insulin Amyloid Fibrils Structural Information by Atomic Force Microscope.
Degree: Master, Chemistry, 2011, NSYSU
URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0802111-124018
► We study the conformational change of insulin fibril growth from three aspects: the impact of (i) incubation time; (ⅱ) nano-particles; (iii) and ion added. We…
(more)
▼ We study the conformational change of insulin fibril growth from three aspects: the impact of (i) incubation time; (ⅱ) nano-particles; (iii) and ion added. We used circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to obtain the structural transition of the insulin, and gain the morphology information of fibril by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We show that the insulin transform from α-helix to β-sheet structure as increased incubated time. The addition of Au nanoparticles (NPs) caused the formation of coordination bond with insulin fiber and produced shorter and thicker insulin fibril . The Fe3O4 NPs, on the other hand, offered only van der Waals interaction toward insulin fibril. Hence they could be used to separate insulin fibril from solution. Finally, addition of salts can induce the conformation changes of insulin fibril ten times faster than that without salts. And the insulin fibril fragment was two or three times shorter than that produced without salts. At high salt concentration, insulin formed amorphous aggregates. This phenomenon was attribute to anions from salt: covering the surface charge of insulin fibril, they weaken the original electrostatic repulsion among insulin fibrils and result in their aggregation.
Advisors/Committee Members: CHAO-MING CHIANG (chair), Michael Y. Chiang (chair), Shuchen Hsieh (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: salt; nanoparticle; AFM; amyloid; Insulin
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Chang, C. (2011). Investigation of the Insulin Amyloid Fibrils Structural Information by Atomic Force Microscope. (Thesis). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0802111-124018
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chang, Chiung-Wen. “Investigation of the Insulin Amyloid Fibrils Structural Information by Atomic Force Microscope.” 2011. Thesis, NSYSU. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0802111-124018.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chang, Chiung-Wen. “Investigation of the Insulin Amyloid Fibrils Structural Information by Atomic Force Microscope.” 2011. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Chang C. Investigation of the Insulin Amyloid Fibrils Structural Information by Atomic Force Microscope. [Internet] [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0802111-124018.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Chang C. Investigation of the Insulin Amyloid Fibrils Structural Information by Atomic Force Microscope. [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2011. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0802111-124018
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Utah
27.
Lee, Chang-won.
Development and characterization of water-soluble, photo-luminescent gold nanoparticles for bio-imaging.
Degree: PhD, Bioengineering, 2010, University of Utah
URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/618/rec/681
► In this dissertation, we explored the synthesis of water-soluble and photoluminescence behavior near infrared emitting (610 nm) gold nanoparticles terminated by mercaptoalkanoic acid and possessing…
(more)
▼ In this dissertation, we explored the synthesis of water-soluble and photoluminescence behavior near infrared emitting (610 nm) gold nanoparticles terminated by mercaptoalkanoic acid and possessing UV range (200~350 nm) excitation. Different effects were monitored as a function of reaction condition including different gold and ligand concentrations, types of ligands, solvents and pH. It is understood that Gold-thiol complexes were formed and developed into nanoparticle-supported complexes. Analyses of the excitation spectra suggests the origin of the photoluminescence to be transitions from the triplet energy state of LMMCT with the electrons transferred from excited orbitals of Au/Au(I) sites of the gold surface. It is also the reason for the enhanced photostability compared with those produced as free molecules via other synthesis methods. The pH dependency of the emission intensity and excitation spectra alteration of the gold nanoparticles was also explored. The emission intensity of the gold nanoparticle showed linear dependency on the pH change in the weak acidic to basic region above the pH 6 with a small peak appearance at pH 4. This trend was accompanied by a distinctive excitation peak wavelength change from 280-290 nm to 250-260 nm at pH 6.. A brush configuration change of the surface ligands was proposed to explain the pH dependency. In the charged and extended form of the carboxylic acid ligands, the accessibility of water to the gold nanoparticles surface is greater than in the uncharged collapsed form. Thus, in the collapsed form, the local hydrophobicity at the gold surface is higher and theCT excitation spectrum shifts to the blue. Its biocompatibility, as suggested by the cytotoxicity test and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation test, provides broader opportunities for this product to be utilized in biological systems.
Subjects/Keywords: Bioimaging; Gold nanoparticle; PH sensor
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Lee, C. (2010). Development and characterization of water-soluble, photo-luminescent gold nanoparticles for bio-imaging. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/618/rec/681
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lee, Chang-won. “Development and characterization of water-soluble, photo-luminescent gold nanoparticles for bio-imaging.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Utah. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/618/rec/681.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lee, Chang-won. “Development and characterization of water-soluble, photo-luminescent gold nanoparticles for bio-imaging.” 2010. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Lee C. Development and characterization of water-soluble, photo-luminescent gold nanoparticles for bio-imaging. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Utah; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/618/rec/681.
Council of Science Editors:
Lee C. Development and characterization of water-soluble, photo-luminescent gold nanoparticles for bio-imaging. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Utah; 2010. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/618/rec/681

University of Rochester
28.
Domm, William G.
Optimizing Antigen Delivery Approaches for HIV
Immunization.
Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/27888
► Vaccines are the most effective public health tool for prevention of infectious disease, and have largely (or completely) reduced the burden of morbidity and mortality…
(more)
▼ Vaccines are the most effective public health tool
for prevention of
infectious disease, and have largely (or
completely) reduced the burden of
morbidity and mortality caused
by viral pathogens such as measles, polio and
smallpox. Despite
this remarkable track record of success, we presently lack
effective vaccines for several important viruses - including the
human
immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), as well as novel
strains of the influenza A
virus (IAV), that may have pandemic
potential.
Infection by HIV-1 and IAV can be prevented by
virus-neutralizing
antibodies, but vaccine delivery methods that
efficiently elicit such antibodies at
the mucosal sites of virus
transmission remain elusive. The goal of this thesis
was therefore
to identify antigen delivery methods that might improve the
magnitude and quality of virus-specific humoral immune responses,
including
responses at mucosal sites. To do this, I focused on the
analysis of humoral
immune responses to representative viral (HIV,
IAV) antigens that were either:
(1) delivered in a dense, arrayed
format on the surface of nanoscale scaffolds, or
(2) expressed
directly at the sublingual mucosal surface, using a vectored
approach.
My first set of experiments tested whether dense,
repetitive display of a
viral antigen on the surface of
bacteriophage lambda capsids could elicit a
superior humoral
immune response compared to a soluble version of the same
protein.
For this initial study, the IAV hemagglutinin (HA) was selected as
a test
antigen. HA was successfully displayed on the phage
particle, and shown to
efficiently induce agglutination of red
blood cells – much like wild-type influenza
virus particles.
However, immunization with phage particles displaying HA
elicited
humoral immune responses that were no greater in magnitude than
those
elicited by soluble HA. Similar results were obtained in
complementary studies
conducted by another member of the Dewhurst
lab, who displayed the HIV-1
envelope glycoprotein (Env) on the
surface of the phage capsid. These
disappointing results were
attributed to the highly immunogenic nature of the
bacteriophage
capsid itself.
I next tested whether sublingual (SL) delivery of
an Env-expressing viral
vector could elicit strong Env-specific
mucosal antibody responses. This is
important because the SL
mucosa is a readily accessible mucosal surface that
has been
underexplored as a vaccine delivery route. Two recombinant viral
vectors were constructed, each expressing the same HIV-1 Env
antigen: (a) an
adenovirus serotype-5 [Ad5] vector and (b) herpes
simplex virus [HSV-1] vector.
SL delivery of the Ad5 vector
elicited a strong Env-specific serum IgG response,
high levels of
Env-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC), and strong serum and
mucosal IgA responses. In contrast, SL delivery of the HSV-1 vector
resulted in
poor Env-specific responses. Interestingly, the rAd5
vector was efficiently
trapped by saliva, unlike the HSV-1 vector
– suggesting that mucoadhesion may
be a prerequisite for…
Subjects/Keywords: HIV; Vaccine; Bacteriophage; Nanoparticle
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Domm, W. G. (2013). Optimizing Antigen Delivery Approaches for HIV
Immunization. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/27888
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Domm, William G. “Optimizing Antigen Delivery Approaches for HIV
Immunization.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/27888.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Domm, William G. “Optimizing Antigen Delivery Approaches for HIV
Immunization.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Domm WG. Optimizing Antigen Delivery Approaches for HIV
Immunization. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/27888.
Council of Science Editors:
Domm WG. Optimizing Antigen Delivery Approaches for HIV
Immunization. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/27888

University of Rochester
29.
Person, Steven M.
Optical methods for nanoparticle detection and
imaging.
Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28897
► As the size of particulate matter decreases, individual particles are both more difficult to detect and show unique scattering properties. This thesis presents methods for…
(more)
▼ As the size of particulate matter decreases,
individual particles are both more
difficult to detect and show
unique scattering properties. This thesis presents methods
for
optically detecting and imaging single nanoparticles and
demonstrates the
directional scattering properties of
semiconductor nanoparticles. The first section describes
a
real-time interferometric method using multiple wavelengths to both
detect
and classify single nanoparticles in solution. A mixture of
colloidal 60nm diameter
Ag and 80nm diameter Au nanoparticles are
identified within a 1 ms detection
window. Detection sensitivity
is limited by phase variations in the signal and two
phase
sensitive interferometric measurement techniques are proposed to
improve the
performance.
In the second part of the thesis, GaAs
nanoparticles are fabricated on a fused silica
substrate using
epitaxial lift-o and e-beam lithography. Recent theoretical work
has
predicted a suppression in the backscattering intensity in
high refractive index semiconductor
nanoparticles caused by
interference between electric and magnetic dipole
Mie resonances.
Measurements of the fabricated GaAs particles show a suppressed
backscattering at λ = 725nm agreeing with the modeled scattering
properties and
providing the first experimental verification of
dipole interference in the visible spectrum.
Potential
applications for these highly directional scatterers include
structured
anti-reflection coatings and low-loss optical antennas
for enhancing magnetic dipole
interactions.
Finally, a
point-scanning confocal microscopy system is developed using a
diamond
turned ellipsoidal mirror, with a numerical aperture of
~1, as an illumination
and collection objective. The focal
properties are modeled using the Richards-Wolf
integrals and
alignment challenges are discussed. The imaging system wavefront
performance
is measured in an interferometer and the expected
aberrated focal spot is
simulated. A 40nm fluorescent nanoparticle
is raster scanned through the focus to
verify the measured
performance. The tested system is the first confocal microscope
implementing an ellipsoidal mirror as an imaging objective and
provides high resolution,
chromatic aberration free imagery of
nanoparticles and nanostructures on
opaque substrates. An
additional spherical reference surface is proposed to monitor
and
simplify the system alignment.
Subjects/Keywords: Interferometry; Mie theory; Nanoparticle; Scattering
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Person, S. M. (2014). Optical methods for nanoparticle detection and
imaging. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28897
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Person, Steven M. “Optical methods for nanoparticle detection and
imaging.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28897.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Person, Steven M. “Optical methods for nanoparticle detection and
imaging.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Person SM. Optical methods for nanoparticle detection and
imaging. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28897.
Council of Science Editors:
Person SM. Optical methods for nanoparticle detection and
imaging. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28897

University of Rochester
30.
Brewer, Matthew G.
The Effects that Antigen Density and Composition of
Nanoparticles has on the Immune Response.
Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/32725
► Vaccination has been the most effective method developed to minimize morbidity and mortality caused by infectious diseases. Unfortunately, there are many pathogens that presently lack…
(more)
▼ Vaccination has been the most effective method
developed to minimize morbidity and mortality caused by infectious
diseases. Unfortunately, there are many pathogens that presently
lack a highly efficacious vaccine, most notably of which is Human
Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) and Influenza. Contemporary
methods of vaccination have included use of recombinant soluble
proteins, attenuated viruses, or viral vectors expressing antigens.
Unfortunately, all of these methods have been insufficient for
developing highly effective vaccines for the above viruses.
Recently, nanoparticles (NP) have emerged as a very immunogenic and
robust platform for antigen delivery to the immune response.
Nanoparticles were therefore chosen as an exceedingly modifiable
and novel scaffold that could be investigated for delivering
antigen and improving the immune response against the surface
glycoproteins of HIV and Influenza. Through the course of these
studies it was discovered that decoration of viral envelope
proteins on NP was able to improve the immune response. This
improvement was characterized by increased B cell stimulation,
antibody titers, elevated levels of antibody secreting cells (ASCs)
present in immune organs and increased numbers of T follicular
helper and germinal center B cells in the lymph node after
immunization. These observations were surprising because they only
occurred when NP were decorated at a low antigen density, which is
controversial since it is generally believed that increased antigen
density results in elevated immunogenicity.
Additionally, the
response to a naturally occurring nanoparticle, Influenza A virus,
was studied to understand how an immune response is generated
against both internal and external proteins. Surprisingly, it was
discovered that after a primary infection the antibody isotype
profile was different for surface versus internal proteins. This
was characterized by a robust IgA component against both of the
surface antigens, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, while the
internal protein, nucleoprotein, elicited minimal to no IgA.
Tracking the tissue distribution of cells specific for these
antigens highlighted that there are fundamentally different homing
mechanisms
that occur for ASCs specific for surface or
internal proteins. This was emphasized by ASCs with surface protein
specificities appearing at elevated levels in the lungs, whereas
ASCs specific for internal proteins were much more abundant in the
spleen and bone marrow of mice. The secondary response was also
observed against each of these three proteins after immunization
and then viral infection. Surprisingly, internal proteins elicited
the most robust ASC secondary response compared to surface
proteins. These results suggest that the location or composition
(glycan vs non-glycan) of antigen on a NP may affect the humoral
response generated against the individual components.
Taken
together these observations support that the composition of a NP:
including antigen density, location of antigen, and type of antigen
are…
Subjects/Keywords: Vaccine; Nanoparticle; HIV; Influenza; Density.
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Brewer, M. G. (2017). The Effects that Antigen Density and Composition of
Nanoparticles has on the Immune Response. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/32725
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Brewer, Matthew G. “The Effects that Antigen Density and Composition of
Nanoparticles has on the Immune Response.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/32725.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Brewer, Matthew G. “The Effects that Antigen Density and Composition of
Nanoparticles has on the Immune Response.” 2017. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Brewer MG. The Effects that Antigen Density and Composition of
Nanoparticles has on the Immune Response. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/32725.
Council of Science Editors:
Brewer MG. The Effects that Antigen Density and Composition of
Nanoparticles has on the Immune Response. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/32725
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