subject:( HIV transmission)

University of Namibia

1. Shiyagaya, KN. Level of male involvement and factors influencing involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the Oshakati, Oshana Region .

Degree: 2016, University of Namibia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1707

► The largest source of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children is through mother-to-child transmission and the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programme plays a… (more)

▼ The largest source of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children is through mother-to-child transmission and the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programme plays a big role in reducing the infection. However, its effectiveness depends on the involvement of male partners, considering the fact that men are decision-makers in many of the African families, who make important decisions that have a big impact on women’s health. Male involvement remains a challenge in most low- and middle-income countries, including Namibia. In an effort to reduce the HIV infection among infants and young children in the country, the Ministry of Health and Social Services implemented the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme in 2002, unfortunately, only 4.7% of the male partners managed to visit the ANC / PMTCT facilities in Oshakati District, for a period of ten years. A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical study on the level of male involvement and factors influencing involvement in the prevention of mother -to -child transmission of HIV programme in Oshakati district was carried out. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of male involvement and factors associated with involvement in PMTCT in the Oshakati District. The objectives were to determine the level of male involvement and factors contributing to involvement in PMTCT. The population consisted of males, whose female partners were attending the antenatal care in the Oshakati District. A purposive sampling technique was used to sample 115 male partners. A pilot test was carried out before the actual data collection. Data was collected using a standardised interview questionnaire and were analysed using a Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22. The data analysis revealed statistical significant associations between education level (0.001), age of female partners (0.002) and type of a relationship (0.005) and male involvement. Other factors identified were attitudes and beliefs about PMTCT, lack of information about PMTCT, culture, lack of trust within the relationship, time and health system. The study recommended for the multi-sectoral approach and for the appropriate changes in labour legislations, in order to improve the PMTCT outcomes. The implementation of male champion strategy should be embraced as an attempt to change the negative attitudes and beliefs by men, by making them effective educators and advocators for PMTCT. The programme should consider involving men and opinion leaders in the monitoring and evaluation exercises through community consultative meetings since the key factors that influence male involvement in PMTCT include inadequate knowledge and misconception about HIV and PMTCT. The study concluded that male partners lack knowledge about PMTCT, hence their level of involvement is limited.

Subjects/Keywords: Mother-to-child transmission ; HIV

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shiyagaya, K. (2016). Level of male involvement and factors influencing involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the Oshakati, Oshana Region . (Thesis). University of Namibia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1707

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shiyagaya, KN. “Level of male involvement and factors influencing involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the Oshakati, Oshana Region .” 2016. Thesis, University of Namibia. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1707.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shiyagaya, KN. “Level of male involvement and factors influencing involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the Oshakati, Oshana Region .” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Shiyagaya K. Level of male involvement and factors influencing involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the Oshakati, Oshana Region . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Namibia; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1707.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shiyagaya K. Level of male involvement and factors influencing involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the Oshakati, Oshana Region . [Thesis]. University of Namibia; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1707

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Addis Ababa University

2. AKLILU, KOYIRA. SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH Assessment of Magnitude, Barriers and Outcomes Related with HIV Serostatus Disclosure among ART Users, In Addis Ababa ART Providing Health Facilities .

Degree: 2009, Addis Ababa University

URL: http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/6848

► Disclosure of HIV Serostatus to sexual partner and other individuals is important in prevention of new HIV infection transmission especially in developing countries and helps… (more)

▼ Disclosure of HIV Serostatus to sexual partner and other individuals is important in prevention of new HIV infection transmission especially in developing countries and helps to initiate early treatment and in order to obtain appropriate support from sexual partners, family members and the whole community at large. Objective:- The aim of the study was to identify the magnitude, barriers and outcomes associated with HIV serostatus disclosure among ART users in Addis Ababa ART providing health facilities to their sexual partners and to significant others. Study Design:- Facility based quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted from April-2009 to May- 2009 in Addis Ababa ART providing health facilities using structured questionnaires among ART receiving clients who were married or who were in cohabiting sexual relation with their sexual partners and living together at the time of their initial VCT. Quantitative study was supplemented by qualitative study among ART receiving clients who were involved in PLWHA organizations. Result:- In the study 341 study participants who were married in legal way and who were not married in legal way (cohabiting) at the time of their initial VCT were involved in the study. Among them 157(46%) were male study participants and 184(54%) of them were female study participants. Total disclosure rate was 88.3 (89% for males and 87.5% for females). Bivariate and multivariate analysis identified factors associated with disclosure of HIV serostatus to sexual partners includes: Living with sexual partners in legal marital relationship, living with sexual partners within the same household, smooth marital relationship with sexual partner, having sexual partner whose HIV serostatus was positive and discussing with sexual partner about HIV and VCT before HIV diagnosis were identified factors for disclosing HIV serostatus to sexual partners COR 2.737(1.360, 5.430) and AOR 3.572(1.399, 9.122), COR 2.745 (1.336, 5.64), COR 4.608(2.311,9.191) and AOR 5.263(2.360, 11.740) , COR 4.991(2.002, 12.440) and AOR 8.024(2.807, 22.935), COR 5.341(1.820,15.672), COR 6.604(2.224, 19.607) at the 95% CI respectively). Barriers and dalliance for disclosure of HIV serostatus identified were: fear of loss of support from sexual partners (9.4%), not having enough time to discuss with their sexual partner about their HIV serostatus (7.9%) and sexual partner may get anger (6.2%) were some of identified reasons among other identified reasons. Reassurance by disclosed individuals, obtaining support from people, being annoyed by disclosed people; being threatened and beaten by their sexual partners were some of the outcomes associated with disclosing HIV serostatus. Conclusion:- Even if the disclosure rate of the study is encourage as it is compared with developing countries still significantly proportion of peoples did not disclose their HIV serostatus immediately and not disclose until know and were found engaged in unprotected sexual activity which could hamper strong effort made to prevent new HIV… Advisors/Committee Members: Dr. ADAMU ADDISSIE (MD, MPH, MA) (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: HIV infection transmission especially

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APA (6^th Edition):

AKLILU, K. (2009). SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH Assessment of Magnitude, Barriers and Outcomes Related with HIV Serostatus Disclosure among ART Users, In Addis Ababa ART Providing Health Facilities . (Thesis). Addis Ababa University. Retrieved from http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/6848

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

AKLILU, KOYIRA. “SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH Assessment of Magnitude, Barriers and Outcomes Related with HIV Serostatus Disclosure among ART Users, In Addis Ababa ART Providing Health Facilities .” 2009. Thesis, Addis Ababa University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/6848.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

AKLILU, KOYIRA. “SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH Assessment of Magnitude, Barriers and Outcomes Related with HIV Serostatus Disclosure among ART Users, In Addis Ababa ART Providing Health Facilities .” 2009. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

AKLILU K. SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH Assessment of Magnitude, Barriers and Outcomes Related with HIV Serostatus Disclosure among ART Users, In Addis Ababa ART Providing Health Facilities . [Internet] [Thesis]. Addis Ababa University; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/6848.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

AKLILU K. SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH Assessment of Magnitude, Barriers and Outcomes Related with HIV Serostatus Disclosure among ART Users, In Addis Ababa ART Providing Health Facilities . [Thesis]. Addis Ababa University; 2009. Available from: http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/6848

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Sydney

3. Rhodes, Jake. Investigating Mononuclear Phagocytes in Human Anogenital and Colorectal Tissues: Their Role in the Sexual Transmission of HIV .

Degree: 2020, University of Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/23769

► When an invading pathogen penetrates the physical barriers of the human anogenital and colorectal tract the first cells of the immune system it interacts with… (more)

▼ When an invading pathogen penetrates the physical barriers of the human anogenital and colorectal tract the first cells of the immune system it interacts with are mononuclear phagocytes (MNP). In tissue these are comprised of Langerhans cells (LC) dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages. These cells detect and take up foreign antigens via an array of pathogen binding receptors unique to each cell subset and then present antigen fragments to CD4 T cells via MHC-II to elicit an immune response. In the context of HIV this process allows for the transfer of the virus to its primary target CD4 T cells in which the virus efficiently replicates leading to its dissemination throughout the body. Despite this, very little is known about the exact role MNPs play in the early events of sexual transmission of HIV. This is primarily due to the difficulty of access to human tissue, problems with cell isolation protocols and technological limitations in reliably detecting HIV at early time points. By establishing extensive collaborations with surgeons across Sydney, our lab has access to all the human anogenital and colorectal tissues that HIV may encounter during sexual transmission (labia, vagina, cervix, glans penis, foreskin, penile urethra, perineum, anus, rectum and colon) as well as abdominal tissue as means to liberate larger cell yields for functional assays. We have fully optimised our tissue digestion protocols to reliably extract MNPs from anogenital and colorectal tissue in the non-activated, immature state they are in within these tissues when they encounter HIV. We have also optimised highly sensitive HIV detection methods to directly investigate their initial interactions with HIV. LCs were previously thought to be the only MNP to be present in the human epidermis. However, using our optimised tissue processing and isolation protocols, we have identified two previously undescribed MNPs subsets within the epidermis of skin; CD33low MNP and CD11c+ DC. We went on to characterise these cells via RNAseq and functional assays to reveal that CD33low MNP are transcriptionally very similar to LCs while CD11c+ DC are transcriptionally similar to dermal conventional (c) DC2. Furthermore, we showed that, compared to LCs and dermal cDC2, CD11c+ DCs were more efficient at HIV uptake, supported higher levels of productive infection and transferred the virus to CD4 T cells more efficiently. They were also significantly enriched in anogenital tissues and thus are likely to be a preferential HIV target cell that may play a key role in HIV transmission. Finally, we investigated sub-epithelial MNP subsets and identified two further preferential HIV target cells; langerin+ cDC2 and CD14+ CD1c+ MNPs. Using RNAseq we showed that CD14+ CD1c+ MNPs were transcriptionally more similar to DCs than macrophages. We also fully defined the pathogen binding lectin receptor profiles at the transcriptional and cell surface expression levels of all known epithelial and sub-epithelial MNP subsets. Furthermore, we went on to investigate their interactions…

Subjects/Keywords: HIV; Mononuclear Phagocytes; Sexual Transmission

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rhodes, J. (2020). Investigating Mononuclear Phagocytes in Human Anogenital and Colorectal Tissues: Their Role in the Sexual Transmission of HIV . (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/23769

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rhodes, Jake. “Investigating Mononuclear Phagocytes in Human Anogenital and Colorectal Tissues: Their Role in the Sexual Transmission of HIV .” 2020. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/23769.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rhodes, Jake. “Investigating Mononuclear Phagocytes in Human Anogenital and Colorectal Tissues: Their Role in the Sexual Transmission of HIV .” 2020. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Rhodes J. Investigating Mononuclear Phagocytes in Human Anogenital and Colorectal Tissues: Their Role in the Sexual Transmission of HIV . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/23769.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rhodes J. Investigating Mononuclear Phagocytes in Human Anogenital and Colorectal Tissues: Their Role in the Sexual Transmission of HIV . [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/23769

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Toronto

4. Mladenovic, Ninoslav. The Legacy of Cuerrier: Issues Unresolved, Questions Unanswered.

Degree: 2010, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25857

►

A large body of jurisprudence has developed in Canada criminalizing the conduct of HIV positive persons who transmit or expose others to the HIV infection… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Criminalization; HIV transmission and exposure; 0398

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mladenovic, N. (2010). The Legacy of Cuerrier: Issues Unresolved, Questions Unanswered. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25857

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mladenovic, Ninoslav. “The Legacy of Cuerrier: Issues Unresolved, Questions Unanswered.” 2010. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25857.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mladenovic, Ninoslav. “The Legacy of Cuerrier: Issues Unresolved, Questions Unanswered.” 2010. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Mladenovic N. The Legacy of Cuerrier: Issues Unresolved, Questions Unanswered. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25857.

Council of Science Editors:

Mladenovic N. The Legacy of Cuerrier: Issues Unresolved, Questions Unanswered. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25857

University of Edinburgh

5. Ragonnet-Cronin, Manon Lily. Transmission networks inferred from HIV sequence data.

Degree: PhD, 2015, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16151

► HIV in the UK in the 1980s was concentrated within men who have sex with men (MSM) and people who inject drugs (PWID) but heterosexual… (more)

▼ HIV in the UK in the 1980s was concentrated within men who have sex with men (MSM) and people who inject drugs (PWID) but heterosexual sex is now the most frequently reported risk behaviour. As these risk groups are associated with different virus populations, this is reflected in the subtype diversification of the UK epidemic, which was historically dominated by subtype B. I have made use of a national database of HIV sequences collected during routine clinical care, which also contains data on age, sex, route of exposure & ethnicity. The 2014 release of the UK HIV Drug Resistance Database contained data from over 60,000 patients. In this thesis, I first describe the development of novel tools that rapidly and automatically identify HIV clusters within phylogenetic trees containing tens of thousands of sequences because they represent transmission chains within the larger infected population. I use these tools to compare the HIV subtype B epidemics in the UK and Switzerland, which had both been described separately but using different approaches. Working with Swiss colleagues, I was able to analyse the epidemics in exactly the same way without having to share sensitive data. I found clustering in the UK to be much higher at relaxed thresholds than in Switzerland (34% vs 16%) indicating that the UK database is more likely to capture transmission chains. Down sampling revealed that this pattern is driven by the larger size of the UK epidemic. At tighter cluster thresholds, the epidemics were very similar. I next use these tools to analyse the spread of emerging subtypes A1, C, D and G in the UK. I found both risk group and cluster size to be predictive of cluster growth, which I tested using simulations and a GLM. Growth of MSM and crossover clusters was significantly higher than expected for subtypes A1 and C, indicating that crossover from heterosexuals to MSM has contributed to their expansion within the UK. Numbers were small for subtypes D and G but the proportion of new diagnoses linking to MSM and crossover clusters was similar to A1 and C, suggesting that the same pattern may be emerging for D and G. I conclude by evaluating the accuracy of a method previously described by our group to generate transmission networks from HIV sequences. The interpretation of clustering patterns from phylogenetic trees is difficult because of the absence of a standardised statistical framework. In contrast, a body of work exists that relates disease transmission to networks. Using large simulated datasets, I developed algorithms which eliminate improbable links. I then reconstructed improved UK transmission networks for subtypes A1, B and C and compare network metrics (such as the degree distribution) between risk groups. Together with other evidence, this thesis demonstrates that the UK HIV epidemic continues to be driven by transmission among MSM. The UK epidemic is no longer compartmentalised and the crossing over of subtypes across risk groups has been facilitated by MSM also having sex with women.

Subjects/Keywords: 362.19697; phylogenetics; networks; HIV; transmission; disease

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ragonnet-Cronin, M. L. (2015). Transmission networks inferred from HIV sequence data. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16151

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ragonnet-Cronin, Manon Lily. “Transmission networks inferred from HIV sequence data.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16151.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ragonnet-Cronin, Manon Lily. “Transmission networks inferred from HIV sequence data.” 2015. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ragonnet-Cronin ML. Transmission networks inferred from HIV sequence data. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16151.

Council of Science Editors:

Ragonnet-Cronin ML. Transmission networks inferred from HIV sequence data. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16151

University of Western Ontario

6. Meadows, Adam. Encountering Lectins In The Recipient Mucosa: Implications Of N-linked Glycosylation On HIV-1 Transmission.

Degree: 2019, University of Western Ontario

URL: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6720

► Although several studies have determined key differences in envelope motifs between TF and chronic HIV-1, it is still not known what the overall glycosylation profile… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Transmission; TF; HIV; glycosylation; envelope; lectins; Virology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Meadows, A. (2019). Encountering Lectins In The Recipient Mucosa: Implications Of N-linked Glycosylation On HIV-1 Transmission. (Thesis). University of Western Ontario. Retrieved from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6720

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Meadows, Adam. “Encountering Lectins In The Recipient Mucosa: Implications Of N-linked Glycosylation On HIV-1 Transmission.” 2019. Thesis, University of Western Ontario. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6720.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Meadows, Adam. “Encountering Lectins In The Recipient Mucosa: Implications Of N-linked Glycosylation On HIV-1 Transmission.” 2019. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Meadows A. Encountering Lectins In The Recipient Mucosa: Implications Of N-linked Glycosylation On HIV-1 Transmission. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6720.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Meadows A. Encountering Lectins In The Recipient Mucosa: Implications Of N-linked Glycosylation On HIV-1 Transmission. [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2019. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/6720

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Southern California

7. Nakamura, Kyle J. Route-specific selection during mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.

Degree: PhD, Systems Biology and Disease, 2011, University of Southern California

URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/619869/rec/5660

► The struggle to contain and extinguish the worldwide HIV/AIDS pandemic, now in its 30th year, may represent the single greatest challenge faced by modern medical… (more)

▼ The struggle to contain and extinguish the worldwide HIV/AIDS pandemic, now in its 30th year, may represent the single greatest challenge faced by modern medical science. Despite billions of dollars in research funding and the dedicated work of thousands of scientists and clinicians HIV/AIDS has already claimed over 25 million lives. There are ~33 million people currently living with HIV and ~2.7 million new infections occurred last year. Approximately 2.1 million children are currently HIV+, the vast majority of who acquired the virus from their mothers. While great strides have been made in the development of drugs to treat HIV infection, such medications are expensive and the majority of people who need them currently lack access. Efforts at developing an HIV vaccine have met with almost relentless failure, and only one human trial has thus far produced modest positive results. One of the greatest challenges facing HIV vaccine development is the incredible genetic heterogeneity of circulating viral strains, and HIVs ability to rapidly mutate in order to escape immune pressure. ❧ There is some hope. HIV transmission is extremely inefficient, often resulting from the outgrowth of a single genetic variant. This extreme genetic bottleneck implies the action of powerful selective forces, yet there is precious little data available on the genetic and functional properties of variants that successfully establish infection in a new host, and almost no data on how these selective criteria may vary by route of transmission. An improved understanding of the selective forces acting on viral variants during transmission could open up new strategies to interfere with the process. By answering the question “what defines a winner?” we can refine our approaches to specifically target the viral variants most capable of establishing chronic infection in a susceptible host. ❧ In this context, mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) represents both an important medical and humanitarian concern, as well as a powerful system in which to study transmission dynamics. Unlike other forms of transmission, MTCT allows unambiguous identification of the source donor. Furthermore, MTCT involves three distinct, mutually exclusive, and serial exposures (in utero, during labor and delivery, and postnatally by breastfeeding). By studying the early-transmitted virus from the infected infants, and comparing those variants to the virus circulating in the chronically infected mothers, we can identify the specific features selected for during transmission and how that selection may vary by exposure. This knowledge will, in turn, help us unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying HIV transmission, and ultimately provide new targets for intervention. ❧ In our study we explore the genotypic and phenotypic selection that occurs during transmission of HIV from mother to child. We define a unique ‘molecular signature’ for virus transmitted in utero and by breastfeeding. This study represents, to our knowledge, the first description of transmission-route-specific… Advisors/Committee Members: Aldrovandi, Grace M. (Committee Chair), Nash, Kevin A. (Committee Member), Cannon, Paula M. (Committee Member), Watanabe, Richard M. (Committee Member).

Subjects/Keywords: HIV; AIDS; mother-to-child transmission

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nakamura, K. J. (2011). Route-specific selection during mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/619869/rec/5660

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nakamura, Kyle J. “Route-specific selection during mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Southern California. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/619869/rec/5660.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nakamura, Kyle J. “Route-specific selection during mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.” 2011. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Nakamura KJ. Route-specific selection during mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/619869/rec/5660.

Council of Science Editors:

Nakamura KJ. Route-specific selection during mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2011. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/619869/rec/5660

University of Sydney

8. Botting, Rachel Anne. Investigating the phenotype and frequency of mononuclear phagocytes in human skin and anogenital tissue: potential targets to prevent HIV transmission .

Degree: 2016, University of Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15627

► Mononuclear phagocytes are located throughout the body, and include DCs, macrophages and monocytes. One of their key functions is the detection of pathogens via an… (more)

▼ Mononuclear phagocytes are located throughout the body, and include DCs, macrophages and monocytes. One of their key functions is the detection of pathogens via an array of surface molecules. Determining the repertoire of surface molecules on each subset could reveal targets for DC-based vaccines and potential pathogen interactions. Furthermore, identifying which subsets are present in each of the anogenital tissues may increase understanding of the pathogenesis of various sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. To investigate the phenotype and frequency of mononuclear phagocytes in human skin and anogenital tissue, and their ability to transfer HIV to T cells, cells were isolated by collagenase digestion or after spontaneous migration, and examined by flow cytometry. Two previously undescribed epidermal DC-like subsets were identified in abdominal skin, as well as a novel langerin+ dermal DC. The surface expression of CLRs and Siglecs was observed to differ significantly between the epidermis and dermis, and also between the subsets that reside within each. CD141+ DCs were distinct from other DC subsets, which differed further from macrophage subsets. Greater differences were observed between the subsets isolated from skin compared to those derived in vitro, and between collagenase isolated cells (immature) and spontaneously migrated cells (mature). The subsets isolated from skin were also functionally distinct in their ability to transfer HIV to T cells. Importantly, the frequency of subsets in abdominal skin differed from those found in the anogenital tract, and significant differences in subset ratios were observed between different anogenital tissue types and sites. Therefore, each subset and site represent a unique barrier and/or target for invading pathogens. This work has significant implications for DC-based vaccine design and pathogenesis of infectious agents that interact with mononuclear phagocytes, including HIV and its sexual transmission.

Subjects/Keywords: Dendritic Cell; HIV; Macrophage; Sexual Transmission

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APA (6^th Edition):

Botting, R. A. (2016). Investigating the phenotype and frequency of mononuclear phagocytes in human skin and anogenital tissue: potential targets to prevent HIV transmission . (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15627

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Botting, Rachel Anne. “Investigating the phenotype and frequency of mononuclear phagocytes in human skin and anogenital tissue: potential targets to prevent HIV transmission .” 2016. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15627.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Botting, Rachel Anne. “Investigating the phenotype and frequency of mononuclear phagocytes in human skin and anogenital tissue: potential targets to prevent HIV transmission .” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Botting RA. Investigating the phenotype and frequency of mononuclear phagocytes in human skin and anogenital tissue: potential targets to prevent HIV transmission . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15627.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Botting RA. Investigating the phenotype and frequency of mononuclear phagocytes in human skin and anogenital tissue: potential targets to prevent HIV transmission . [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15627

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Drexel University

9. Holliday, Michelle. Using the Fetal Infant Mortality Review to Assess Availability and Impact of Contraceptives on the Prevention of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Philadelphia.

Degree: 2012, Drexel University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1860/4018

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Background: Family planning services and preconception care have been identified as essential to preventing perinatal HIV transmission. Data from the Philadelphia Fetal Infant Mortality Review/HIV… (more)

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Background: Family planning services and preconception care have been identified as essential to preventing perinatal HIV transmission. Data from the Philadelphia Fetal Infant Mortality Review/HIV (FIMR/HIV) project and the Preconception Counseling and Contraception Provider Survey suggest underutilization of contraception and infrequent discussions of preconception counseling by providers with their patients. Objectives: This project investigates the relationship between provider knowledge and the discussion of pregnancy planning and contraception and explores the impact of this relationship on perinatal HIV transmission in Philadelphia. Methods: 21 cases of perinatal exposure from the FIMR/HIV project were reviewed and 10 Ryan White Care physicians, nurse practitioners and nurses were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed, coded using theme identification and analyzed for commonalities and differences across themes. Results: Cases indicated that 52.4% of women did not use contraception and 38.1% of pregnancies were unplanned. Providers reported both facilitating and inhibiting factors such as family planning on site and social chaos/stigma influencing access to care for women of childbearing age with HIV in Philadelphia. Aspects such as time and competing elements in the patient-provider discussion are barriers to consistent discussion. In addition, respondents reported that discussions occur annually, at varied rates and/or when initiated by the patient. Providers reported no knowledge of formal preconception counseling guidelines. Conclusion: Results illuminate the need to examine perinatal HIV prevention in the context of psychosocial factors experienced by women of childbearing age with HIV in addition to improved coordination of care, enhanced referral systems and development of rigid guidelines for preconception counseling content.

M.P.H., Public Health – Drexel University, 2012

Advisors/Committee Members: Turchi, Renee M..

Subjects/Keywords: Public Health; Contraceptives; Perinatal HIV Transmission; Philadelphia

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Holliday, M. (2012). Using the Fetal Infant Mortality Review to Assess Availability and Impact of Contraceptives on the Prevention of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Philadelphia. (Thesis). Drexel University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1860/4018

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Holliday, Michelle. “Using the Fetal Infant Mortality Review to Assess Availability and Impact of Contraceptives on the Prevention of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Philadelphia.” 2012. Thesis, Drexel University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/4018.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Holliday, Michelle. “Using the Fetal Infant Mortality Review to Assess Availability and Impact of Contraceptives on the Prevention of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Philadelphia.” 2012. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Holliday M. Using the Fetal Infant Mortality Review to Assess Availability and Impact of Contraceptives on the Prevention of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Philadelphia. [Internet] [Thesis]. Drexel University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1860/4018.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Holliday M. Using the Fetal Infant Mortality Review to Assess Availability and Impact of Contraceptives on the Prevention of Perinatal HIV Transmission in Philadelphia. [Thesis]. Drexel University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1860/4018

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Royal Holloway, University of London

10. Millner, Faye. The experience of being a mother with perinatally acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PHIV).

Degree: PhD, 2015, Royal Holloway, University of London

URL: https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-experience-of-being-a-mother-with-perinatally-acquired-human-immunodeficiency-virus-phiv(4235e1d6-e797-4eae-b2da-30042fe6c8e8).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792371

► Women with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) are surviving into adulthood, with many now becoming mothers. Little is known about the experience of having a child… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: grounded theory; maternal HIV; mother to child transmission; perinatal HIV; pregnancy; vertical transmission

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APA (6^th Edition):

Millner, F. (2015). The experience of being a mother with perinatally acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PHIV). (Doctoral Dissertation). Royal Holloway, University of London. Retrieved from https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-experience-of-being-a-mother-with-perinatally-acquired-human-immunodeficiency-virus-phiv(4235e1d6-e797-4eae-b2da-30042fe6c8e8).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792371

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Millner, Faye. “The experience of being a mother with perinatally acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PHIV).” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Royal Holloway, University of London. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-experience-of-being-a-mother-with-perinatally-acquired-human-immunodeficiency-virus-phiv(4235e1d6-e797-4eae-b2da-30042fe6c8e8).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792371.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Millner, Faye. “The experience of being a mother with perinatally acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PHIV).” 2015. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Millner F. The experience of being a mother with perinatally acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PHIV). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Royal Holloway, University of London; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-experience-of-being-a-mother-with-perinatally-acquired-human-immunodeficiency-virus-phiv(4235e1d6-e797-4eae-b2da-30042fe6c8e8).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792371.

Council of Science Editors:

Millner F. The experience of being a mother with perinatally acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PHIV). [Doctoral Dissertation]. Royal Holloway, University of London; 2015. Available from: https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-experience-of-being-a-mother-with-perinatally-acquired-human-immunodeficiency-virus-phiv(4235e1d6-e797-4eae-b2da-30042fe6c8e8).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792371

11. Nkole, Theresa. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics.

Degree: 2012, University of Zimbabwe

URL: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/1045

► Background: In most developed countries HIV testing, use of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and modification of feeding practices have greatly reduced the rate of mother to… (more)

▼ Background: In most developed countries HIV testing, use of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and modification of feeding practices have greatly reduced the rate of mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 though this is not the case in many African countries. In Zambia, prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services has been introduced in nearly all public health institutions. Proper implementation of these services however, requires adequate knowledge and appropriate attitudes and practices (KAPs) on the part of the healthcare providers. The objective of this study was to assess the KAPs regarding PMTCT among healthcare providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics. Methodology: This was an interviewer-administered questionnaire-based cross sectional study conducted at the University Teaching Hospital‟s Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology as well as in Maternal and Child Health and maternity departments of four randomly selected clinics in the Lusaka Urban District, namely: Chilenje, Mtendere, Matero Reference, and George clinics. The participants were doctors, midwives, and general nurses in these facilities. Information was obtained on interventions for prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, negative and positive attitudes towards PMTCT, willingness to care for HIV infected pregnant women, practice of known interventions for PMTCT and perception of risk of acquiring occupational infection by the healthcare providers. Results: Knowledge levels on PMTCT was variable (mean composite scores were in the 60-70% range, though only 45% knew of the risk during delivery and 19% through breastfeeding; almost 50% knew of an ARV prophylaxis regimen and 63% when to initiate ARVs). There was no statistically significant difference in mean scores by facility (UTH/Clinics), though younger, university trained providers (doctors) had better knowledge. Attitudes towards PMTCT were good (95%). Most providers (98%) were willing to care for HIV infected women and were not afraid of occupational infection. Ninety nine percent perceived the PMTCT programme to be very important. However they felt that there was not enough time to give to PMTCT (53.6%).This was possibly due to staff shortages. Most (80%) of the providers interviewed perceived the workload associated with PMTCT to be too much. The practice of PMTCT interventions was acceptable (89.3 percent offering voluntary counseling and testing; 93 percent offered ARVs for prophylaxis and 86.4 percent offering infant feeding counseling). Although caesarean section was not in the Zambian guidelines for PMTCT, 98.6 percent said they offered it as an option for delivery. However only 44.3 percent reported that they were offering safer obstetric practices and only 40.7 percent offered PCR testing. Conclusion: The study showed gaps in knowledge, attitudes, and practice on PMTCT amongst health care providers at UTH and in Lusaka urban clinics. Without further training and increase in staffing levels, the quality of and access…

Subjects/Keywords: HIV Mother to Child transmission,prevention – knowledge; HIV Mother to Child transmission,prevention – attitudes

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nkole, T. (2012). Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics. (Thesis). University of Zimbabwe. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/1045

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nkole, Theresa. “Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zimbabwe. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/1045.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nkole, Theresa. “Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics.” 2012. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Nkole T. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/1045.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nkole T. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Prevention of Mother to Child transmission of HIV among Health Care Providers at the University Teaching Hospital and in Lusaka Urban Clinics. [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2012. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/1045

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Columbia University

12. Austin, Judith Florence. Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies.

Degree: 2015, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MG7NG7

► In the context of decreasing mortality and increasing prevalence, prevention of HIV-transmission represents a public health priority. In the United States, the majority of infections… (more)

▼ In the context of decreasing mortality and increasing prevalence, prevention of HIV-transmission represents a public health priority. In the United States, the majority of infections are sexually-acquired, with men who have sex with men and minorities disproportionately affected. Although a number of promising biomedical prevention approaches have emerged over the past decade, a further 20 years could be needed before a suitable product becomes widely available. Evidence from vaccine and microbicide trials has shown that success in one population may not be replicated in another. To understand surprising or unexpected results, investigators need chronologically concordant evidence of both study product adherence and viral exposure. Since exposure to HIV cannot yet be independently verified, in seeking to measure this variable, investigators target the sexual behaviors through which it takes place deriving data for these surrogate measures from study participants' voluntary self-reports. Likely sources of reporting bias and efforts to minimize this phenomenon in the context of HIV-prevention research are critically reviewed in Chapter 1. Research describing the role of cognitive and affective functioning in the preparation of responses to potentially threatening questions is examined. Studies investigating techniques such as the use of colloquial language to facilitate comprehension, or variation in the length of the reference period to enhance recall are explored. Research comparing the effect of mode of administration on the amount of proscribed behavior reported - widely believed to correlate with validity - is reviewed. Contextual factors facilitating versus inhibiting disclosure of sensitive information are examined. Finally, risk-behavior measurement approaches used in selected HIV-prevention trials are inspected. Thereafter, the dissertation focuses on the properties of risk-assessment items, formulated specifically to elicit Global recall over six months, or Event-Specific (episodic) memory for selected recent episodes of limited duration, to capture sexual behaviors or temporally related activities. The capacity of the different questionnaire item formats to elicit responses with sufficient construct validity to serve as proxies for HIV-exposure is examined. Data for these studies are drawn from a large randomized controlled trial of a behavioral intervention to prevent HIV-transmission among men who have sex with men. Using a subset of 1295 cases and controls, models with good discriminant validity for HIV are derived separately for the Global and Event-Specific items. Thereafter, selected items from the two formats are combined to produce a single model with excellent discriminant validity, suggesting that these items can adequately represent true HIV-exposure. Next, a preliminary investigation of the contribution of psychosocial items to the predictive model based on exposure measures is undertaken. Specifically, interaction with exposure measures and the increase in discriminant validity…

Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections—Prevention; HIV infections – Transmission; HIV infections – Risk factors; HIV-positive gay men; HIV infections; Epidemiology; Public health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Austin, J. F. (2015). Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MG7NG7

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Austin, Judith Florence. “Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MG7NG7.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Austin, Judith Florence. “Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies.” 2015. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Austin JF. Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MG7NG7.

Council of Science Editors:

Austin JF. Measuring HIV Exposure amongst Men who have Sex with Men in the USA: Implications for Risk Assessment in HIV Prevention Studies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2015. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8MG7NG7

13. Roberta dos Santos Lorete. Diversidade e resistência do HIV-1 em gestantes soropositivas provenientes das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil.

Degree: 2005, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz

URL: http://www.bdtd.cict.fiocruz.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11

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O primeiro caso reportado de transmissão vertical do HIV-1 no Brasil ocorreu em São Paulo em 1985, e apesar da disponibilização de medidas preventivas nos… (more)

▼

O primeiro caso reportado de transmissão vertical do HIV-1 no Brasil ocorreu em São Paulo em 1985, e apesar da disponibilização de medidas preventivas nos últimos anos, o controle efetivo da transmissão vertical continua sendo uma das prioridades da pesquisa e da intervenção em saúde pública.Neste estudo avaliamos os níveis de carga viral plasmática, o subtipo genético, e a presença de variantes resistentes aos anti-retrovirais, assim como a contagem de linfócitos T CD4+ em uma população de gestantes diagnosticadas como soropositivas para o HIV-1 no momento do parto e discutimos a influência destes parâmetros na transmissão vertical do HIV.Amostras biológicas de 148 gestantes provenientes das regiões Sul (Porto Alegre; n=98) e Sudeste (Rio de Janeiro; n=50) do Brasil, colhidas entre Março de 2000 e Agosto de 2002, foram testadas quanto à carga viral plasmática (NASBA) e os níveis de CD4 (citometria de fluxo). A caracterização molecular do HIV-1 foi feita por HMAenv e por sequenciamento de nucleotídeos das regiões env e pol, visando à determinação do subtipo viral (env/pol), assim como a análise da resistência aos antiretrovirais (pol). Os bebês foram diagnosticados para a infecção pelo HIV por PCR DNA (Roche) e confirmados pela quantificação da carga viral plasmática (NASBA).Considerando os resultados de subtipagem viral com base nas regiões gênicas env e pol verificamos que 42 das 50 amostras analisadas do Rio de Janeiro, 36 (86%) apresentaram o perfil Bpol/Benv, 4 (10%) Fpol/Fenv e 2 (4%) FPR/BRT/Benv. Quando analisamos as 70 das 98 amostras da região Sul, verificamos que 15 (22%) apresentaram o perfil Bpol/Benv, 43 (63%) o perfil Cpol/Cenv e apenas uma amostra (1%) o perfil Fpol/Fenv. Observamos, ainda, perfis pol/env discordantes, sugestivos de genomas recombinantes como: Cpol/Benv em 4 (6%) amostras, Bpol/Cenv em 3 (4%), Fpol/Cenv em 1 (1%), BPR/CRT/Cenv em 1 (1%) e FPR/BRT/Cenv em 1 amostra (1%). Observamos, ainda, um caso sugestivo de infecção dupla Bpol/B-Cenv. A presença de resistência primária aos inibidores da protease foi verificada em 4 (3,5%) gestantes. Mutações acessórias como a M36I, L63P e V77I foram também encontradas. Em relação aos inibidores da transcriptase reversa tivemos uma prevalência de 5,2% (6 amostras). A ocorrência da transmissão vertical do HIV-1 foi observada em, pelo menos, 17 gestantes incluídas no estudo, sendo 6 do RJ e 11 de PoA. Não encontramos nenhuma associação quando comparamos os dados de CD4+, carga viral e subtipo viral entre as mães transmissoras e as não-transmissoras, como também não houve transmissão de variantes resistentes aos anti-retrovirais.A presença de resistência primária nesta população de gestantes virgens de tratamento indica a ocorrência da transmissão de variantes resistentes aos anti-retrovirais em nosso meio, o que representa uma preocupação para as políticas públicas de tratamento do HIV/AIDS no Brasil.

The first reported case of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in Brazil occurred in São Paulo in 1985 and, in spite of the availability of preventive…

Advisors/Committee Members: Mariza Goncalves Morgado.

Subjects/Keywords: MICROBIOLOGIA; hiv; transmissão vertical da doença; hiv; Disease Transmission, Vertical

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lorete, R. d. S. (2005). Diversidade e resistência do HIV-1 em gestantes soropositivas provenientes das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. (Thesis). Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Retrieved from http://www.bdtd.cict.fiocruz.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lorete, Roberta dos Santos. “Diversidade e resistência do HIV-1 em gestantes soropositivas provenientes das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil.” 2005. Thesis, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://www.bdtd.cict.fiocruz.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lorete, Roberta dos Santos. “Diversidade e resistência do HIV-1 em gestantes soropositivas provenientes das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil.” 2005. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lorete RdS. Diversidade e resistência do HIV-1 em gestantes soropositivas provenientes das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. [Internet] [Thesis]. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz; 2005. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://www.bdtd.cict.fiocruz.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lorete RdS. Diversidade e resistência do HIV-1 em gestantes soropositivas provenientes das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. [Thesis]. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz; 2005. Available from: http://www.bdtd.cict.fiocruz.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

14. Almeida, Janie Maria de. Projeto transmissão vertical zero: expectativas e ações de pais soropositivos para o HIV à espera do diagnóstico do filho.

Degree: PhD, Enfermagem, 2008, University of São Paulo

URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7136/tde-17042008-104104/ ;

►

O trabalho realizado pelo Projeto Transmissão Vertical Zero de Sorocaba, SP, e o elevado número de crianças expostas ao vírus da aids, no país, motivaram… (more)

▼

O trabalho realizado pelo Projeto Transmissão Vertical Zero de Sorocaba, SP, e o elevado número de crianças expostas ao vírus da aids, no país, motivaram a realização deste estudo quanti-qualitativo que teve como objetivo geral compreender a vivência da mãe-pai enquanto aguardam o diagnóstico definitivo do lactente exposto à transmissão vertical do HIV. Esta pesquisa teve como referencial teórico a Antropologia Médica e a Narrativa como referencial metodológico. Os dados foram coletados em 2006. O momento quantitativo do estudo constou de caracterização das gestantes matriculadas no citado Projeto, no período de 1998 a 2004. O momento qualitativo contou com a participação de 11 mães e sete pais de lactentes expostos ao HIV. Os dados nessa fase foram coletados por meio de técnica projetiva (colagem) com gravação dos relatos sobre o sentido atribuído à construção. Com o tratamento dos dados qualitativos, emergiram seis temas: Sentimentos de esperança e confiança; ansiedade e expectativa; Espiritualidade e Religiosidade; Apoio; Preocupação com a saúde do filho; Preconceito e Fazendo analogia, que possibilitaram identificar as expectativas e as ações adotadas pelos pais enquanto aguardavam a confirmação do diagnóstico da criança. Os resultados mostraram que a vivência do núcleo familiar é marcada por intensa mobilização de sentimentos, preocupação com a saúde da criança e crença no tratamento. O preconceito e o estigma à aids revelaram-se como principais fontes estressoras, acarretando sofrimento e sentimento de culpa, que exigem empenho dos pais para se adaptarem ao Enfrentamento a cada nova situação cotidiana. Portanto, o Enfrentamento emergiu como tema central e mostrou que o cotidiano do binômio mãe-pai é vivido com ambigüidade de sentimentos. A tolerância às adversidades e aos transtornos é motivada pela afetividade e dedicação ao filho. A maneira de encarar e resistir ao infortúnio constituiu-se no Enfrentamento que gera atitudes paliativas ou de afastamento do convívio social, representadas pela busca de apoio espiritual e religioso, e também suporte social. Para os binômios atendidos no Projeto Transmissão Vertical Zero, o principal sustentáculo do Enfrentamento diante da indefinição do diagnóstico do filho é representado pela fé religiosa e pela crença em um Ser superior. As implicações destes achados são importantes para a enfermagem, que pode implementar cuidados culturalmente embasados, com a possibilidade de intervenções mais adequadas à clientela

The work carried out by the Zero Vertical Transmission Project in Sorocaba, SP, and the high number of children exposed to the aids virus in the country motivated this quantitative/qualitative study whose general objective is to understand the experience the parents live while waiting for the definite diagnosis of the infant exposed to the HIV vertical transmission. This research had the Medical Anthropology as theoretical reference and the Narrative as methodological reference. The data were collected in 2006. The study quantitative moment was when we…

Advisors/Committee Members: Praça, Neide de Souza.

Subjects/Keywords: Enfermagem; HIV; HIV; Nursing; Transmissão vertical; Transmission vertical

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Almeida, J. M. d. (2008). Projeto transmissão vertical zero: expectativas e ações de pais soropositivos para o HIV à espera do diagnóstico do filho. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7136/tde-17042008-104104/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Almeida, Janie Maria de. “Projeto transmissão vertical zero: expectativas e ações de pais soropositivos para o HIV à espera do diagnóstico do filho.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, University of São Paulo. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7136/tde-17042008-104104/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Almeida, Janie Maria de. “Projeto transmissão vertical zero: expectativas e ações de pais soropositivos para o HIV à espera do diagnóstico do filho.” 2008. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Almeida JMd. Projeto transmissão vertical zero: expectativas e ações de pais soropositivos para o HIV à espera do diagnóstico do filho. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7136/tde-17042008-104104/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Almeida JMd. Projeto transmissão vertical zero: expectativas e ações de pais soropositivos para o HIV à espera do diagnóstico do filho. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2008. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7136/tde-17042008-104104/ ;

15. Sueli Teresinha Cruz Rodrigues. Transmissão vertical do HIV em população atendida no serviço de referência em Maceió - Alagoas.

Degree: 2010, Universidade Federal de São Paulo

URL: http://www.bdtd.unifesp.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1184

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Introduction: the evolution of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome epidemic in Brazil brought a challenge to control the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) vertical transmission. The vertical… (more)

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Introduction: the evolution of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome epidemic in Brazil brought a challenge to control the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) vertical transmission. The vertical or mother-child transmission of HIV is a route exposure which has multiple causes and the influence of factors associated with transmission of the virus varies according to the studied populations. Objectives: to identify the HIV vertical transmission rate in a reference service unit in the municipality of Maceió - Alagoas in a four-year period, to evaluate the maternal and fetal factors involved in the HIV vertical transmission and to identify pre-natal care, at delivery and birth follow-up actions related to the reduction of vertical transmission. Method: observational descriptive transversal retrospective study, evaluating 102 medical records of HIV positive women and their exposed children assisted by a specialized service unit in a four-year-time period. Results: Approximately 6.6% of children were infected, their mothers were aged 20 to 39 years and 66.6% had low formal education level, 40% did not attend any kind of pre-natal care service, 16.7% of their partners were unaware of their serologic condition; 5.9% of these women had sexual intercourse with multiple partners. Mothers of 75% of the infected children did not undergo prophylaxis with antiretroviral (ARV) and viral load test during pre-natal care. There was a higher percentage of children who did not initiate the prophylaxis with antiretroviral in the infected groups and a tendency for a higher percentage (50.0%) that was breastfed in the same group (p- 0.058). There was a higher percentage of women (84.10%) who used ARV during childbirth and children (91.5%) who started prophylaxis with ARV within the first 24 hours in the non-infected group. Conlusion: it was observed that the incidence of HIV vertical transmission in the reference service unit in the municipality of Maceió - Alagoas in a four-year-time period selected for the study (January 2002 to December 2006) was 6.6%. Those infected children did not have the opportunity for prophylaxis of HIV vertical transmission, which ratifies the urgency of an increase in the anti-HIV tests availability for pregnant women and supervision of the actions. Concerning the vertical HIV transmission, actions that address education, mainly of the young people and the use of condom during sexual intercourse are still fundamental. By means of such actions as well as prophylaxis of the vertical transmission, even if it is not possible to eliminate HIV infection in the pediatric population, we will, at least, transform such conditions in a matter of lesser extent, potentially controlled by the Public Health Department.

Introdução: A evolução da epidemia da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (Aids) no Brasil trouxe como desafio o controle da transmissão vertical do HIV.A transmissão vertical ou materno-infantil do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) é uma via de exposição de múltiplas causas e a influência dos fatores…

Advisors/Committee Members: Neide de Souza Praça, Fabiana Villela Mamede, Erika de Sá Vieira Abuchaim, Sonia Maria Oliveira Barros.

Subjects/Keywords: Transmissão Vertical; HIV; Enfermagem Obstétrica; ENFERMAGEM; Transmission; HIV; Obstetrical Nursing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rodrigues, S. T. C. (2010). Transmissão vertical do HIV em população atendida no serviço de referência em Maceió - Alagoas. (Thesis). Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.bdtd.unifesp.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1184

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rodrigues, Sueli Teresinha Cruz. “Transmissão vertical do HIV em população atendida no serviço de referência em Maceió - Alagoas.” 2010. Thesis, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://www.bdtd.unifesp.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1184.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rodrigues, Sueli Teresinha Cruz. “Transmissão vertical do HIV em população atendida no serviço de referência em Maceió - Alagoas.” 2010. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Rodrigues STC. Transmissão vertical do HIV em população atendida no serviço de referência em Maceió - Alagoas. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Federal de São Paulo; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://www.bdtd.unifesp.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1184.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rodrigues STC. Transmissão vertical do HIV em população atendida no serviço de referência em Maceió - Alagoas. [Thesis]. Universidade Federal de São Paulo; 2010. Available from: http://www.bdtd.unifesp.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1184

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of KwaZulu-Natal

16. Chikutsa, Antony. Male circumcision as an HIV reduction strategy : implications for men and women in Zimbabwe.

Degree: 2016, University of KwaZulu-Natal

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/16043

► Male circumcision is not a common practice in Zimbabwe except among a few ethnic groups who circumcise as a rite of passage or for religious… (more)

▼ Male circumcision is not a common practice in Zimbabwe except among a few ethnic groups who circumcise as a rite of passage or for religious reasons. Recent scientific research has shown evidence that male circumcision is efficacious in preventing the transmission of HIV from women to men. In response to this, Zimbabwe introduced voluntary medical male circumcision as an additional HIV prevention strategy in 2009. Prior to this, HIV prevention strategies in Zimbabwe focused on the promotion of abstinence, faithfulness and correct and consistent condom use, popularly known as the ABC approach. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acceptability of medical male circumcision as an additional approach to preventing the acquisition of HIV. The study also intended to understand the factors which may influence the uptake of medical male circumcision for HIV reduction. In addition, the study also sought to find out the role of women in the promotion of circumcision and the implications on men’s sexual behaviour. The study adopted a mixed methods approach using the convergent parallel design in which both qualitative and quantitative data were collected simultaneously and were then merged during analysis and interpretation. A sample of 681 respondents was determined using a statistical formula and selected using random sampling. One hundred and eighty two female respondents were included in the sample because it was felt that women have a significant role to play in the promotion of medical male circumcision. Thus, it was felt important to assess their knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about circumcision in the study. In addition to the 681 individual interviews, five key informants drawn from the Ministry of Health and Child Care and other stakeholders were interviewed. Furthermore, five focus group discussions were also done to complement the data collected using individual and key informant interviews. Participants in focus group discussions were aged between 18 and 49 years. The prevalence of male circumcision among men in the study sample was found to be 15.8 percent. Of these, 40 percent were circumcised as part of the on-going HIV prevention campaign while 33 percent were circumcised for religious or cultural reasons. A further 12 percent were circumcised for medical reasons. The study also established that about 97 percent of both men and women had heard about male circumcision for HIV prevention. The findings show that men were generally more knowledgeable about voluntary medical male circumcision than women. Also, circumcised men had significantly better understanding of vi circumcision than uncircumcised men. Fifty-seven percent of men compared to 54 percent of women reported that they believe that circumcision works for HIV prevention. The study also established that there is general acceptability of the promotion of medical male circumcision for HIV prevention (76 percent for men and 84 percent for women). However, 43 percent of uncircumcised men reported that they are… Advisors/Committee Members: Maharaj, Pranitha. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Theses - Population Studies.; Male circumcision.; Transmission of HIV.; HIV prevention.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chikutsa, A. (2016). Male circumcision as an HIV reduction strategy : implications for men and women in Zimbabwe. (Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10413/16043

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chikutsa, Antony. “Male circumcision as an HIV reduction strategy : implications for men and women in Zimbabwe.” 2016. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/16043.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chikutsa, Antony. “Male circumcision as an HIV reduction strategy : implications for men and women in Zimbabwe.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Chikutsa A. Male circumcision as an HIV reduction strategy : implications for men and women in Zimbabwe. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/16043.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chikutsa A. Male circumcision as an HIV reduction strategy : implications for men and women in Zimbabwe. [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/16043

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of South Africa

17. Pillay, Krebaloshni Mahalini. The knowledge of learners with hearing impairment on the transmission modes of HIV .

Degree: 2014, University of South Africa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18971

► Awareness and knowledge of the different transmission modes of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) serves as a vital component of the efforts to prevent the spread… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: HIV; Modes of transmission of HIV; Hearing impairment; Learners; Knowledge

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pillay, K. M. (2014). The knowledge of learners with hearing impairment on the transmission modes of HIV . (Masters Thesis). University of South Africa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18971

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pillay, Krebaloshni Mahalini. “The knowledge of learners with hearing impairment on the transmission modes of HIV .” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of South Africa. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18971.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pillay, Krebaloshni Mahalini. “The knowledge of learners with hearing impairment on the transmission modes of HIV .” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Pillay KM. The knowledge of learners with hearing impairment on the transmission modes of HIV . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of South Africa; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18971.

Council of Science Editors:

Pillay KM. The knowledge of learners with hearing impairment on the transmission modes of HIV . [Masters Thesis]. University of South Africa; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18971

University of South Africa

18. Maibvise, Charles. The motives behind Swazi men's increasing interest in circumcision .

Degree: 2013, University of South Africa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10492

► The demand for circumcision in Swaziland has dramatically increased since it was reported that circumcision ensures 60% protection against HIV infection. The aim of this… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Circumcision; Motive; HIV; AIDS; HIV transmission; Public health; Swaziland; Qualitative design

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Maibvise, C. (2013). The motives behind Swazi men's increasing interest in circumcision . (Masters Thesis). University of South Africa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10492

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Maibvise, Charles. “The motives behind Swazi men's increasing interest in circumcision .” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of South Africa. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10492.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Maibvise, Charles. “The motives behind Swazi men's increasing interest in circumcision .” 2013. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Maibvise C. The motives behind Swazi men's increasing interest in circumcision . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of South Africa; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10492.

Council of Science Editors:

Maibvise C. The motives behind Swazi men's increasing interest in circumcision . [Masters Thesis]. University of South Africa; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10492

University of Manitoba

19. Simpson, Lindsay. Dynamics of an HIV/AIDS Model that Incorporates Pre-exposure Prophylaxis.

Degree: Mathematics, 2015, University of Manitoba

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30679

► This thesis is based on the use of mathematical theories, modelling, and simulations to study the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS in the presence of PrEP… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Pre-exposure Prophylaxis; HIV/AIDS; PrEP; HIV Transmission Dynamics; Backward Bifurcation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Simpson, L. (2015). Dynamics of an HIV/AIDS Model that Incorporates Pre-exposure Prophylaxis. (Masters Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30679

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Simpson, Lindsay. “Dynamics of an HIV/AIDS Model that Incorporates Pre-exposure Prophylaxis.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30679.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Simpson, Lindsay. “Dynamics of an HIV/AIDS Model that Incorporates Pre-exposure Prophylaxis.” 2015. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Simpson L. Dynamics of an HIV/AIDS Model that Incorporates Pre-exposure Prophylaxis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30679.

Council of Science Editors:

Simpson L. Dynamics of an HIV/AIDS Model that Incorporates Pre-exposure Prophylaxis. [Masters Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30679

20. Camus, Céline. Effet du liquide séminal sur l'infection par le VIH-1 dans des modèles cellulaires et tissulaires et recherche des facteurs modulateurs : Effect of seminal fluid on HIV-1 infection in cellular and tissular models and research of modulating factors.

Degree: Docteur es, Biologie, 2014, Rennes 1

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S174

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Le sperme est le vecteur principal de dissémination du VIH. Des travaux récents indiquent la présence de facteurs dans le liquide séminal (LS) des hommes… (more)

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Le sperme est le vecteur principal de dissémination du VIH. Des travaux récents indiquent la présence de facteurs dans le liquide séminal (LS) des hommes non infectés qui modulent l'infectivité par le VIH de cellules in vitro. Nous avons préalablement montré que les principaux organes génitaux mâles qui contribuent à l'élaboration du sperme sont infectés par le VIH, ce qui modifie probablement la composition du LS des hommes VIH+. Pour preuve, des différences significatives dans les profils cytokiniques ont été mises en évidence dans le LS d'hommes VIH+ par rapport à celui d'hommes sains. Dans ce contexte, mes travaux de thèse se sont articulés autour de 3 axes : Effet du sperme d'hommes infectés par le VIH-1 sur l'infection des lymphocytes T CD4+ : nous avons comparé, pour la première fois à notre connaissance, l'effet du LS d'hommes infectés versus celui d'hommes sains sur l'infectivité par le VIH dans des modèles cellulaires. Nous avons mis en évidence un effet différentiel du LS d'hommes séropositifs par rapport au LS d'hommes séronégatifs. L'effet stimulateur observé du LS d'hommes VIH-non-infectés sur l'infection par le VIH-1 des cellules T CD4+ est significativement diminué pour les LS d'hommes VIH+. Cet effet différentiel serait au moins en partie lié à la surexpression de certaines cytokines dont RANTES et à la sous expression à la membrane du corécepteur CCR5. Effet du LS sur l'infection d'explants cervicaux et colo-rectaux : les muqueuses cervivo-vaginale et colorectale représentent des portes d'entrée majeures du virus dans l'organisme et sont donc des modèles particulièrement physiologiques. Nous avons montré que le LS induit une diminution de l'infection ex vivo des tissus exocervicaux alors qu'aucun effet n'est observé sur l'infection des tissus colorectaux. Fractionnement du liquide séminal et identification des facteurs à activité biologique sur l'infection par le VIH-1 : nous avons débuté une approche protéomique qui nous a permis de décomplexifier le LS par fractionnement grâce à des HPLC successives, de sélectionner des fractions biologiques actives et d'identifier des protéines candidates, par spectrométrie de masse, potentiellement responsables d'un effet inhibiteur sur l'infection par le VIH-1. Sur la base de la littérature et de nos résultats, il apparaît clairement que le LS est un fluide biologique complexe dont l'effet global sur l'infection résulte de la somme des activités biologiques de facteurs stimulateurs et inhibiteurs. En outre, l'effet du sperme sur l'infection est dépendant du modèle d'étude cellulaire ou tissulaire, et du statut sérologique du donneur. En effet, les différences de composition (cytokines, peptides antimicrobiens…) entre les spermes d'hommes infectés ou non aboutissent à des modifications dans la modulation de l'infection VIH-1 par le sperme via des mécanismes directs ou indirects qui ouvrent de nombreuses perspectives d'études.

Semen represents the main vector of HIV transmission. Several studies have recently shown that, in addition of being a carrier of HIV…

Advisors/Committee Members: Dejucq-Rainsford, Nathalie (thesis director), Pineau, Charles (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Vih; Transmission; Sperme; Liquide séminal; Hiv; Transmission; Semen; Seminal fluid

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Camus, C. (2014). Effet du liquide séminal sur l'infection par le VIH-1 dans des modèles cellulaires et tissulaires et recherche des facteurs modulateurs : Effect of seminal fluid on HIV-1 infection in cellular and tissular models and research of modulating factors. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rennes 1. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S174

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Camus, Céline. “Effet du liquide séminal sur l'infection par le VIH-1 dans des modèles cellulaires et tissulaires et recherche des facteurs modulateurs : Effect of seminal fluid on HIV-1 infection in cellular and tissular models and research of modulating factors.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Rennes 1. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S174.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Camus, Céline. “Effet du liquide séminal sur l'infection par le VIH-1 dans des modèles cellulaires et tissulaires et recherche des facteurs modulateurs : Effect of seminal fluid on HIV-1 infection in cellular and tissular models and research of modulating factors.” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Camus C. Effet du liquide séminal sur l'infection par le VIH-1 dans des modèles cellulaires et tissulaires et recherche des facteurs modulateurs : Effect of seminal fluid on HIV-1 infection in cellular and tissular models and research of modulating factors. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rennes 1; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S174.

Council of Science Editors:

Camus C. Effet du liquide séminal sur l'infection par le VIH-1 dans des modèles cellulaires et tissulaires et recherche des facteurs modulateurs : Effect of seminal fluid on HIV-1 infection in cellular and tissular models and research of modulating factors. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rennes 1; 2014. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S174

21. Frouard, Julie. La transmission colorectale du VIH par les cellules infectées du sperme et effet du sperme sur cette transmission : Colorectal transmission of HIV by semen infected cells and effect of semen on this transmission.

Degree: Docteur es, Microbiologie, virologie, parasitologie, 2018, Rennes 1

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B068

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Le sperme est le principal vecteur de dissémination du VIH. La muqueuse colorectale exposée au sperme infecté lors de rapports anaux, aussi bien chez l’homme… (more)

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Le sperme est le principal vecteur de dissémination du VIH. La muqueuse colorectale exposée au sperme infecté lors de rapports anaux, aussi bien chez l’homme que chez la femme, représente le plus fort risque d’infection parmi toutes les voies de transmission sexuelle. Un nombre croissant d’études suggèrent que la transmission sexuelle du VIH via les cellules infectées présentes dans les sécrétions génitales du donneur serait plus efficace que par les particules virales libres. A ce jour, le rôle et les mécanismes de transmission des cellules infectées du sperme ont été peu étudiés. De plus, l’effet potentiel du liquide séminal (LS) sur cette transmission est mal connu. Dans ce contexte, mes travaux de thèse ont permis de démontrer une transmigration active et rapide: (i) de leucocytes sanguins à travers la barrière colorectale, et un effet inhibiteur du LS sur cephénomène, sans altération de la barrière épithéliale. (ii) de leucocytes séminaux. Des analyses par cytométrie de flux ont permis de mettre évidence à la fois des particularités et des similitudes quant à l’équipement protéique des cellules séminales et de leurs équivalents sanguins. Ce travail fournit de nouvelles données sur la transmission du VIH par les cellules infectées du sperme, et sur l’effet du sperme sur la transmission colorectale. La démonstration de la transmigration de leucocytes séminaux suggère que ces cellules jouent un rôle dans la transmission du VIH au niveau colorectale qui nécessite d’être pris en compte dans les stratégies de prévention. Les mécanismes en jeu et ceux responsables de l’effet du LS restent à élucider et devrait permettre à terme de dégager de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques.

Semen is the main vector of HIV dissemination. The colorectal mucosa exposed to semen infected cells during anal intercourse, in both men and women, represents the highest risk of infection among all sexual transmission routes. An increasing number of studies suggest that sexual transmission of HIV via infected cells present in the donor's genital secretions would be more effective than free viral particles. To date, the role and transmission mechanisms of infected sperm cells have been poorly studied. Moreover, the potential effect of seminal fluid (SF) on this transmission is poorly understood. In this context, my thesis work has demonstrated an active and rapid transmigration: (i) of blood leukocytes across the colorectal barrier, and an inhibitory effect of SF on this phenomenon, without altering the epithelial barrier. (ii) of seminal leucocytes. Flow cytometry analyzes have revealed both features and similarities in the protein equipment of seminal cells and their blood equivalents. This work provides new data on HIV transmission by infected sperm cells, and on the effect of semen on colorectal transmission. Demonstration of transmigration of seminal leukocytes suggests that these cells play a rôle in colorectal HIV transmission that needs to be considered in prevention strategies. The mechanisms involved and those responsible for the…

Advisors/Committee Members: Dejucq-Rainsford, Nathalie (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Vih; Transmission; Muqueuse; Sperme; Colorectale; Hiv; Transmission; Mucosa; Semen; Colorectal

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Frouard, J. (2018). La transmission colorectale du VIH par les cellules infectées du sperme et effet du sperme sur cette transmission : Colorectal transmission of HIV by semen infected cells and effect of semen on this transmission. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rennes 1. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B068

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Frouard, Julie. “La transmission colorectale du VIH par les cellules infectées du sperme et effet du sperme sur cette transmission : Colorectal transmission of HIV by semen infected cells and effect of semen on this transmission.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Rennes 1. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B068.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Frouard, Julie. “La transmission colorectale du VIH par les cellules infectées du sperme et effet du sperme sur cette transmission : Colorectal transmission of HIV by semen infected cells and effect of semen on this transmission.” 2018. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Frouard J. La transmission colorectale du VIH par les cellules infectées du sperme et effet du sperme sur cette transmission : Colorectal transmission of HIV by semen infected cells and effect of semen on this transmission. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rennes 1; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B068.

Council of Science Editors:

Frouard J. La transmission colorectale du VIH par les cellules infectées du sperme et effet du sperme sur cette transmission : Colorectal transmission of HIV by semen infected cells and effect of semen on this transmission. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rennes 1; 2018. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B068

Stellenbosch University

22. Du Plooy, Elri. A profile of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (pMTCT) and clinical status of HIV-infected children younger than 18 months admitted to Tygerberg Hospital over a one-year period.

Degree: MMed, Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018, Stellenbosch University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103912

► Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) for all Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected pregnant and lactating women and post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-exposed infants prevents mother-to-child transmission… (more)

▼ Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) for all Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected pregnant and lactating women and post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-exposed infants prevents mother-to-child transmission of HIV and has been the standard of care in Cape Town, South Africa since May 2013. Despite high uptake and good coverage, transmission still occurs. Early identification of HIV infection in infants and access to cART are key components in reduction of morbidity and mortality in HIV- infected infants. Reasons for ongoing transmission include missed diagnosis of infection during pregnancy and the postpartum period, short maternal duration on cART and issues around retention in care. In addition, poor uptake of the early infant diagnosis opportunities and delayed access to cART for infants is well documented. This study aimed to describe the antenatal and postnatal prevention of Mother-to-Child transmission (pMTCT) history and current medical condition of HIV-infected children younger than 18 months of age admitted to Tygerberg Hospital over a 12-month period, as well as document the availability of clinical information for these patients through an assessment of the Road-to-Health booklet (RtHB), medical records and the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS). Materials & Methods: This was a prospectively enrolled descriptive study from February 2015 to January 2016 that documented the pMTCT , infant diagnosis and care cascade of hospitalized HIV infected children younger than 18 months with newly diagnosed or previously confirmed HIV. Data on maternal HIV and pregnancy history, as well as child HIV-history and clinical status were collected and descriptive analysis performed. Results: Sixty-three children were screened and 55 enrolled (6 declined; 2 unavailable for consent). The median age was 5.7 (IQR 3 - 12.5) months; 33 (60%) were male. Forty-six children (83%) were identified as HIV-exposed at birth. The majority, 31 (67%), of their mothers were aware of their HIV diagnosis prior to pregnancy. However, only 20 (65%) attended antenatal care, with 7 (23%) interrupting cART initiated prior to pregnancy. Twenty-three women (50%) began cART during pregnancy: 11/31 (35%) were known to be HIV-infected prior to pregnancy and 12/15 (80%) were diagnosed during pregnancy (p=0.4). Of these 23 women, 10 (43%) were not retained in care: 6/11 (55%) of previously diagnosed and 4/12 (33%) of women diagnosed with HIV in pregnancy (p=0.4). Children with unknown HIV-exposure risk were older: 9.3 (IQR 5.9 – 12.8) vs 4.5 (IQR 2.2 – 12.6) months (p=0.167) for known risk. Fifteen children (27%) were diagnosed in the neonatal period, 5/15 (33%) during hospitalization at Tygerberg Hospital. Children with known exposure risk were diagnosed at a median age of 1.8 (IQR 0.1 – 3.5) months versus 9.4 (IQR 6.6 -12.1) months in unknown risk children (p=0.001). Children with unknown HIV-exposure risk had a median weight-for-age z-score of -3.4 (IQR -4.2 - -2.3) vs -2.4 (IQR -4.1 - -1.8), (p=0.228) and 8 (89%) had WHO… Advisors/Committee Members: Rabie, Helena, Frigati, Lisa, Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Paediatrics and Child Health..

Subjects/Keywords: HIV infections – Prevention; Mother-to-child transmission (pMTCT); HIV-infected children; Tygerberg Hospital; HIV (Viruses) – Transmission

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APA (6^th Edition):

Du Plooy, E. (2018). A profile of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (pMTCT) and clinical status of HIV-infected children younger than 18 months admitted to Tygerberg Hospital over a one-year period. (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103912

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Du Plooy, Elri. “A profile of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (pMTCT) and clinical status of HIV-infected children younger than 18 months admitted to Tygerberg Hospital over a one-year period.” 2018. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103912.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Du Plooy, Elri. “A profile of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (pMTCT) and clinical status of HIV-infected children younger than 18 months admitted to Tygerberg Hospital over a one-year period.” 2018. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Du Plooy E. A profile of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (pMTCT) and clinical status of HIV-infected children younger than 18 months admitted to Tygerberg Hospital over a one-year period. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103912.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Du Plooy E. A profile of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (pMTCT) and clinical status of HIV-infected children younger than 18 months admitted to Tygerberg Hospital over a one-year period. [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/103912

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of South Africa

23. Thithi, Potetsa Elizabeth. Perceptions of midwives and pregnant women of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme at the ante-natal care unit and maternity ward at the Johan Heyns community health centre in tne Sedibeng District, Gauteng .

Degree: 2014, University of South Africa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18667

► The study reports on the perceptions of the midwives and pregnant women of the PMTCT of HIV programme at the antenatal care and maternity ward… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Midwives; Women pregnancy; Women and HIV; HIV prevention; Mother to child transmission; HIV transmission; Antenatal care; Maternity ward

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APA (6^th Edition):

Thithi, P. E. (2014). Perceptions of midwives and pregnant women of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme at the ante-natal care unit and maternity ward at the Johan Heyns community health centre in tne Sedibeng District, Gauteng . (Masters Thesis). University of South Africa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18667

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Thithi, Potetsa Elizabeth. “Perceptions of midwives and pregnant women of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme at the ante-natal care unit and maternity ward at the Johan Heyns community health centre in tne Sedibeng District, Gauteng .” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of South Africa. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18667.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Thithi, Potetsa Elizabeth. “Perceptions of midwives and pregnant women of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme at the ante-natal care unit and maternity ward at the Johan Heyns community health centre in tne Sedibeng District, Gauteng .” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Thithi PE. Perceptions of midwives and pregnant women of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme at the ante-natal care unit and maternity ward at the Johan Heyns community health centre in tne Sedibeng District, Gauteng . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of South Africa; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18667.

Council of Science Editors:

Thithi PE. Perceptions of midwives and pregnant women of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme at the ante-natal care unit and maternity ward at the Johan Heyns community health centre in tne Sedibeng District, Gauteng . [Masters Thesis]. University of South Africa; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18667

Columbia University

24. Philip, Neena M. Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services.

Degree: 2020, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-c1zk-0j52

► Background: HIV transmission is greatly reduced when antiretroviral treatment (ART) suppresses an infected person’s HIV viral load. It is unclear, however, whether the contextual risk… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Epidemiology; HIV infections – Treatment; HIV infections – Epidemiology; Antiretroviral agents; HIV infections – Transmission; HIV infections – Risk factors

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APA (6^th Edition):

Philip, N. M. (2020). Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-c1zk-0j52

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Philip, Neena M. “Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-c1zk-0j52.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Philip, Neena M. “Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services.” 2020. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Philip NM. Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-c1zk-0j52.

Council of Science Editors:

Philip NM. Population-level HIV risk and combination implementation of HIV services. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-c1zk-0j52

University of South Africa

25. Machimana, Eugene Gabriel. Perceptions of the association between alcohol misuse and the risk of HIV-infection among male youths in Soshanguve, Gauteng Province .

Degree: 2012, University of South Africa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/9129

► AIDS-related illnesses are the leading cause of deaths in South Africa. Alcohol misuse among male youths fuels the risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), including… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Alcohol misuse; HIV-infection; HIV-prevention; HIV transmission; HIV-vulnerable; Qualitative research; Male youths; Risky sexual behaviour; Role modelling and tavern

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APA (6^th Edition):

Machimana, E. G. (2012). Perceptions of the association between alcohol misuse and the risk of HIV-infection among male youths in Soshanguve, Gauteng Province . (Masters Thesis). University of South Africa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10500/9129

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Machimana, Eugene Gabriel. “Perceptions of the association between alcohol misuse and the risk of HIV-infection among male youths in Soshanguve, Gauteng Province .” 2012. Masters Thesis, University of South Africa. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/9129.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Machimana, Eugene Gabriel. “Perceptions of the association between alcohol misuse and the risk of HIV-infection among male youths in Soshanguve, Gauteng Province .” 2012. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Machimana EG. Perceptions of the association between alcohol misuse and the risk of HIV-infection among male youths in Soshanguve, Gauteng Province . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of South Africa; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/9129.

Council of Science Editors:

Machimana EG. Perceptions of the association between alcohol misuse and the risk of HIV-infection among male youths in Soshanguve, Gauteng Province . [Masters Thesis]. University of South Africa; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/9129

Indian Institute of Science

26. Nagaraj, Pradeep. Modeling Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission and Infection.

Degree: PhD, Faculty of Engineering, 2018, Indian Institute of Science

URL: http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3560

► HIV-1 is a global pandemic with about 39 million people infected. In India, 2.9 million people are infected and about 2 lakh new infections have… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: HIV-1; HIV-1C; HIV-1 Transmission; Viral Load Decline; HIV-1 - Viral Decay Dynamics; HIV-1 Evolution; HIV-1 Adaptation; Chemical Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nagaraj, P. (2018). Modeling Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission and Infection. (Doctoral Dissertation). Indian Institute of Science. Retrieved from http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3560

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nagaraj, Pradeep. “Modeling Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission and Infection.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Indian Institute of Science. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3560.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nagaraj, Pradeep. “Modeling Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission and Infection.” 2018. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Nagaraj P. Modeling Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission and Infection. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Indian Institute of Science; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3560.

Council of Science Editors:

Nagaraj P. Modeling Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission and Infection. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Indian Institute of Science; 2018. Available from: http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3560

Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

27. Links, Nomvuyiseko. Postnatal women's experiences of the prevention of mother-to-child transmittion of HIV programme.

Degree: MCur, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2007, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/545

► This research study endeavoured to explore and describe the experiences of women who participated in the Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV Programme. Data… (more)

▼ This research study endeavoured to explore and describe the experiences of women who participated in the Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV Programme. Data relating to evaluation of the PMTCT Programme in the piloted sites compiled by other researchers in the Department of Health focus on the process, progress and extent of service implementation. There appears to be a dearth of information available from women participants in the PMTCT Programme. The objectives of the study were to: · Explore and describe postnatal women’s experiences of the PMTCT Programme offered in the East London Hospital Complex. · Propose recommendations into the existing guidelines for midwives who implement the PMTCT Programme in the health services to ensure optimal implementation of this programme. The research population included postnatal women who participated in the PMTCT of HIV Programme at the East London Hospital Complex (Frere site). Permission to conduct the research was obtained from the Eastern Cape Department of Health Ethics Committee, Chief Executive Officer of the hospital complex and the Advanced Degrees Committee and Human Ethics Committee at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. The research study was qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual in design. Data collection was carried out by face-to-face semi-structured interviews with postnatal women at the East London Hospital Complex (Frere site). The tape-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim with the aid of field notes. Data analysis was done according to Tesch’s method of data analysis (in De Vos et al, 2000:343). Themes were identified from the transcriptions and finalised after consensus discussions with an independent coder who was experienced in qualitative research. Literature control, guided by the themes identified in the interviews, was carried out to compare and verify the findings of the study. Three major themes with sub-themes were identified during data analysis. The major themes were identified as follows: · The participants expressed feelings of being devastated by the results that confirmed their HIV positive status. · The participants expressed a thirst for knowledge on how to live with the diagnosis and on how to continue with the PMTCT Programme. · The physical environment where counselling and testing were done, as well as the practical arrangements, were not conducive to the full implementation of the PMTCT Programme at the antenatal clinic. Conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made in the form of additional guidelines for midwives implementing the PMTCT Programme in the antenatal clinic health services. Guidelines for further midwifery-related research were formulated Advisors/Committee Members: Jantjes, L, Strümpher, J Prof.

Subjects/Keywords: AIDS (Disease) in pregnancy – South Africa; HIV infections – Children – Transmission – Prevention; Children – Diseases – Prevention; HIV infections – Transmission; Maternal health services

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APA (6^th Edition):

Links, N. (2007). Postnatal women's experiences of the prevention of mother-to-child transmittion of HIV programme. (Masters Thesis). Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/545

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Links, Nomvuyiseko. “Postnatal women's experiences of the prevention of mother-to-child transmittion of HIV programme.” 2007. Masters Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/545.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Links, Nomvuyiseko. “Postnatal women's experiences of the prevention of mother-to-child transmittion of HIV programme.” 2007. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Links N. Postnatal women's experiences of the prevention of mother-to-child transmittion of HIV programme. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/545.

Council of Science Editors:

Links N. Postnatal women's experiences of the prevention of mother-to-child transmittion of HIV programme. [Masters Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/545

University of KwaZulu-Natal

28. Vallen, Camille J. The role of macrophages, dendritic and Langerhans cells in the mother to child transmission of HIV in placental tissue of normotensive pregnancies.

Degree: 2016, University of KwaZulu-Natal

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/14786

Abstract available in PDF file. Advisors/Committee Members: Naicker, Thajasvarie. (advisor), Dorsamy, Vinogrin. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: HIV transmission.; HIV mother to child transmission.; Normotensive pregnancies.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Vallen, C. J. (2016). The role of macrophages, dendritic and Langerhans cells in the mother to child transmission of HIV in placental tissue of normotensive pregnancies. (Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10413/14786

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vallen, Camille J. “The role of macrophages, dendritic and Langerhans cells in the mother to child transmission of HIV in placental tissue of normotensive pregnancies.” 2016. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/14786.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vallen, Camille J. “The role of macrophages, dendritic and Langerhans cells in the mother to child transmission of HIV in placental tissue of normotensive pregnancies.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Vallen CJ. The role of macrophages, dendritic and Langerhans cells in the mother to child transmission of HIV in placental tissue of normotensive pregnancies. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/14786.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Vallen CJ. The role of macrophages, dendritic and Langerhans cells in the mother to child transmission of HIV in placental tissue of normotensive pregnancies. [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10413/14786

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

29. Samleerat, Tanawan. Transmission mère-enfant du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine de type 1 : rôle des anticorps neutralisants et caractéristiques moléculaires des variants transmis. : Mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 : role of neutralizing antibodies and molecular characteristics of the transmitted variants.

Degree: Docteur es, Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, 2008, Tours; Chiang Mai University

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR3302

►

Ce travail a confirmé le rôle protecteur de certains anticorps neutralisants dans la TME du VIH-1, a permis de suggérer que certaines souches seraient de… (more)

▼

Ce travail a confirmé le rôle protecteur de certains anticorps neutralisants dans la TME du VIH-1, a permis de suggérer que certaines souches seraient de bons indicateurs d’anticorps neutralisants associés à la protection, et a confirmé le rôle de la région V2 de l’enveloppe virale en tant que cible des anticorps neutralisants. Les caractéristiques moléculaires des virus transmis dans le contexte de la TME confortent les données en faveur de la transmission à l’enfant d’une population virale restreinte génétiquement. Une gp 120 plus compacte et une moindre glycosylation ne sont pas des caractéristiques des virus transmis de la mère à l’enfant. Cependant, deux sites de N-glycosylation semblent être sélectionnés chez les virus transmis. L’identification de deux cas de TME liés à des variants issus de recombinaisons entre variants maternels a confirmé la présence d’un « hot spot » dans la région C2 du gène env, et a révélé pour la première fois un second « hot spot » dans la région C3.

A lower risk of MTCT was associated with higher NAb titers against the CRF01_AE strain, MBA, in Thailand. The results suggest that some primary isolates may be useful indicators for identifying protective antibodies, and confirm the role of the V2 region in neutralization. We found that only viruses of a restricted subset were transmitted to the infant. We did not find that shorter gp120 or fewer PNGS were characteristics of viruses transmitted from mother to infant. However, a limited number of PNGS, particularly at positions N301 and N384, may confer an advantage on the virus to be transmitted. Moreover, we identified two cases that suggest that recombination probably contributed to adaptation of HIV-1 to its environment to be successfully transmitted from mothers to their infants. In addition, our data allow both to confirm, in natural in vivo conditions, a hot spot for recombination in the C2 region of HIV-1 envelope gene, and to suggest another hot spot in the C3 region.

Advisors/Committee Members: Barin, Francis (thesis director), Leechanachai, Pranee (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Hiv - 1; Quasi-espèce; Transmission mère-enfant; Glycanes; Anticorps neutralisants; Recombinaisons; Enveloppe; Hiv -1; Mother to child transmission; Neutralizing antibodies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Samleerat, T. (2008). Transmission mère-enfant du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine de type 1 : rôle des anticorps neutralisants et caractéristiques moléculaires des variants transmis. : Mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 : role of neutralizing antibodies and molecular characteristics of the transmitted variants. (Doctoral Dissertation). Tours; Chiang Mai University. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR3302

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Samleerat, Tanawan. “Transmission mère-enfant du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine de type 1 : rôle des anticorps neutralisants et caractéristiques moléculaires des variants transmis. : Mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 : role of neutralizing antibodies and molecular characteristics of the transmitted variants.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, Tours; Chiang Mai University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR3302.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Samleerat, Tanawan. “Transmission mère-enfant du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine de type 1 : rôle des anticorps neutralisants et caractéristiques moléculaires des variants transmis. : Mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 : role of neutralizing antibodies and molecular characteristics of the transmitted variants.” 2008. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Samleerat T. Transmission mère-enfant du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine de type 1 : rôle des anticorps neutralisants et caractéristiques moléculaires des variants transmis. : Mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 : role of neutralizing antibodies and molecular characteristics of the transmitted variants. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Tours; Chiang Mai University; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR3302.

Council of Science Editors:

Samleerat T. Transmission mère-enfant du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine de type 1 : rôle des anticorps neutralisants et caractéristiques moléculaires des variants transmis. : Mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 : role of neutralizing antibodies and molecular characteristics of the transmitted variants. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Tours; Chiang Mai University; 2008. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR3302

Boston University

30. Ghulam-Smith, Melissa. Two sides to the same antibody: assessing the role of neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies in mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.

Degree: PhD, Molecular and Translational Medicine, 2021, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38525

► Passive immunization with neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) may prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 and/or impact HIV-1 exposed infant outcomes. This study compared plasma neutralizing activity… (more)

▼ Passive immunization with neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) may prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 and/or impact HIV-1 exposed infant outcomes. This study compared plasma neutralizing activity against heterologous HIV-1 variants and the quasispecies present in the infected mothers among exposed uninfected infants (HEU) to infants that eventually acquired infection and between transmitting versus non-transmitting mothers. HEU (n = 42), compared to those that eventually acquired infection (n = 21), did not possess higher nAb responses against heterologous envelopes (p = 0.46) or their mothers’ variants (p = 0.45). Transmitting as compared to non-transmitting mothers, however, had significantly higher plasma neutralizing activity against heterologous envelopes (p = 0.03), although these two groups did not have significant differences in their ability to neutralize autologous strains (p = 0.39). Furthermore, infants born to mothers with greater neutralizing breadth and potency were significantly more likely to have a serious adverse event (p = 0.03). These results imply that pre-existing anti-HIV-1 neutralizing activity does not prevent breast milk transmission. Additionally, high maternal neutralizing breadth and potency may adversely influence both frequency of breast milk transmission and subsequent infant morbidity. In addition to neutralization, passively acquired maternal antibodies that mediate antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) may impact both breast milk transmission and infant outcomes. To date, no study has rigorously compared ADCC activity against a broad panel of heterologous strains or circulating maternal viruses among HEU versus infants that eventually acquire infection and among transmitting versus non-transmitting mothers. We developed a high-throughput assay that measures the lysis of infected reporter target cells in the presence and absence of antibodies. This assay yields similar results as other methods that use decreases in reporter signal from target cells or lysis of primary cells estimated by flow cytometry. In contrast to other ADCC methods, we show that our assay allows assessment of ADCC breadth and potency in a relatively high throughput manner because it uses novel target cells that are susceptible to infection by diverse HIV-1 variants. Estimating ADCC breadth and potency and activity against maternal strains will have important insights about the impact of passively acquired maternal antibodies on MTCT. Advisors/Committee Members: Sagar, Manish (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Immunology; Breast milk transmission; HIV-1; HIV-1 in infants; Mother-to-child transmission; Neutralizing antibodies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ghulam-Smith, M. (2021). Two sides to the same antibody: assessing the role of neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies in mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38525

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ghulam-Smith, Melissa. “Two sides to the same antibody: assessing the role of neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies in mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.” 2021. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38525.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ghulam-Smith, Melissa. “Two sides to the same antibody: assessing the role of neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies in mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.” 2021. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ghulam-Smith M. Two sides to the same antibody: assessing the role of neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies in mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2021. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38525.

Council of Science Editors:

Ghulam-Smith M. Two sides to the same antibody: assessing the role of neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies in mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2021. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38525

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations