subject:( Environmental economics)

University of California – Berkeley

1. Chong, Howard G. Three Essays on Environmental and Development Economics.

Degree: Agricultural & Resource Economics, 2011, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6z11b8dr

► This dissertation emcompasses three empirical studies in environmental and development economics. In Chapter 1, I study whether electricity use in newer or older residential buildings… (more)

▼ This dissertation emcompasses three empirical studies in environmental and development economics. In Chapter 1, I study whether electricity use in newer or older residential buildings rises more in response to high temperature in a region of Southern California. Peak electricity demand occurs at the highest temperatures which are predicted to increase due to climate change. Understanding how newer buildings differ from older buildings improves forecasts of how peak electricity use will grow over time. Newer buildings are subject to stricter building energy codes, but are larger and more likely to have air conditioning; hence, the cumulative effect is ambiguous. This paper combines four large datasets of building and household characteristics, weather data, and utility data to estimate the electricity-temperature response of different building vintages. Estimation results show that new buildings (1970-2000) have a statistically significantly higher temperature response (i.e., use more electricity) than old buildings (pre-1970). Auxiliary regressions with controls for number of bedrooms, income, square footage, central air conditioning, ownership, and type of residential structure partially decompose the effect. Though California has had extensive energy efficiency building standards that by themselves would lower temperature response for new buildings, the cumulative effect of new buildings is an increase in temperature response. As new buildings are added, aggregate temperature response is predicted to increase.In Chapter 2, my co-authors and I investigate the effect of cap-and-trade regulation of CO2 on firm profits by performing an event study of a CO2 price crash in the EU market. We examine returns for 90 stocks from carbon intensive industries and 600 stocks in the broad EUROSTOXX index. Firms in carbon intensive, or electricity intensive industries, but not involved in international trade were most hurt by the event. This implies investors were focused on product price impacts, rather than compliance costs. We find evidence that firms' net allowance positions also strongly influenced the share price response to the decline in allowance prices. In Chapter 3, my co-authors and I measure and examine data error in health, education and income statistics used to construct the Human Development Index. We identify three sources of data error which are due to (i) data updating, (ii) formula revisions and (iii) thresholds to classify a country's development status. We propose a simple statistical framework to calculate country specific measures of data uncertainty and investigate how data error biases rank assignments. We find that up to 34% of countries are misclassified and, by replicating prior studies, we show that key estimated parameters vary by up to 100% due to data error.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics; Economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chong, H. G. (2011). Three Essays on Environmental and Development Economics. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6z11b8dr

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chong, Howard G. “Three Essays on Environmental and Development Economics.” 2011. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6z11b8dr.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chong, Howard G. “Three Essays on Environmental and Development Economics.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Chong HG. Three Essays on Environmental and Development Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6z11b8dr.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chong HG. Three Essays on Environmental and Development Economics. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2011. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6z11b8dr

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

2. Blonz, Joshua. Essays in Environmental and Energy Economics.

Degree: Agricultural & Resource Economics, 2017, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/49j7r531

► This dissertation combines research on three topics in applied Energy and Environmental Economics related to the electricity industry. In the first paper, I study the… (more)

▼ This dissertation combines research on three topics in applied Energy and Environmental Economics related to the electricity industry. In the first paper, I study the economic welfare impact of an electricity pricing program that increases the price of electricity for small commercial and industrial customers when the cost of generation is high. The second paper explores an energy efficiency retrofit program that provides free upgrades to low-income households in California. Both of these policy interventions were a result of orders from the California Public Utilities Commission, the energy regulator in California. The final paper examines the cost of air quality regulations on employment in the coal mining sector in Appalachia. These three papers study different important aspects of the electricity sector, from upstream regulation of generation to end use pricing and consumption efficiency. In the first chapter, I study how in electricity markets, the price paid by retail customers during periods of peak demand is far below the cost of supply. This leads to overconsumption during peak periods, requiring the construction of excess generation capacity compared to first-best prices that adjust at short time intervals to reflect changing marginal cost. In this paper, I investigate a second-best policy designed to address this distortion, and compare its effectiveness to the first-best. The policy allows the electricity provider to raise retail price by a set amount (usually 3 to 5 times) during the afternoon hours of a limited number of summer days (usually 9 to 15). Using a quasi-experimental research design and high-frequency electricity consumption data, I test the extent to which small commercial and industrial establishments respond to this temporary increase in retail electricity prices. I find that establishments reduce their peak usage by 13.4% during peak hours. Using a model of capacity investment decisions, these reductions yield $154 million in welfare benefits, driven largely by reduced expenditures on power plant construction. I find the current policy provides of the first-best benefits but that, with improvements in targeting just the days with the highest demand, a modified peak pricing program could achieve 80% welfare gains relative to the first-best pricing policy.In the second chapter, I study energy efficiency retrofits programs, which are increasingly being used to both save on energy bills and as a carbon mitigation strategy. This paper evaluates the California Energy Savings Assistance program, which provides no-cost upgrades to low-income households across the state. I use quasi-experimental variation in program uptake to measure energy savings for a large portion of the treated population in the San Diego Gas & Electric service territory between 2007 and 2012. The results suggest that the overall program is ineffective at delivering energy savings and is not cost-effective. One challenge in implementing efficiency retrofit programs is that each upgrade must be customized to the housing unit…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Blonz, J. (2017). Essays in Environmental and Energy Economics. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/49j7r531

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Blonz, Joshua. “Essays in Environmental and Energy Economics.” 2017. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/49j7r531.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Blonz, Joshua. “Essays in Environmental and Energy Economics.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Blonz J. Essays in Environmental and Energy Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/49j7r531.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Blonz J. Essays in Environmental and Energy Economics. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2017. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/49j7r531

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California, San Diego

3. Steiner, Christopher Paul. Three essays in applied microeconomics.

Degree: 2015, University of California, San Diego

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3709661

► These three essays investigate three different cases where naïve good intentions – policy or econometric – actually lead to suboptimal policy or measurement outcomes.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics; Economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Steiner, C. P. (2015). Three essays in applied microeconomics. (Thesis). University of California, San Diego. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3709661

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Steiner, Christopher Paul. “Three essays in applied microeconomics.” 2015. Thesis, University of California, San Diego. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3709661.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Steiner, Christopher Paul. “Three essays in applied microeconomics.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Steiner CP. Three essays in applied microeconomics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California, San Diego; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3709661.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Steiner CP. Three essays in applied microeconomics. [Thesis]. University of California, San Diego; 2015. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3709661

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cornell University

4. Roy, Sanket. Three Essays on Contemporary Issues in Climate Change and Urban Development.

Degree: PhD, Economics, 2017, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/56988

► The first paper contributes to the existing literature which looks at the effects of rising temperatures on energy demand, more specifically household energy consumption. We… (more)

▼ The first paper contributes to the existing literature which looks at the effects of rising temperatures on energy demand, more specifically household energy consumption. We use a novel methodology to isolate extensive margin adjustments made in response to a changing climate from the intensive margin adjustments made in response to changes in weather. By controlling for both the contemporaneous temperature distribution as well as the lagged moving average, we are gaining on two fronts. Firstly, we are able to get more precise estimates of the effect of short-run changes in weather on residential energy consumption. Secondly, by comparing the two effects, we are able to back out the extensive margin effects on residential energy consumption made in response to changes in longer term climate. Our estimates imply significant impacts for both the intensive and the extensive margins and a U-shaped response function of residential energy consumption with respect to contemporaneous temperature. Rising income inequality is a cause of concern for policy makers in many developed and developing countries. Another concern in several developing countries is the rise in informal settlements. This second paper attempts to connect the two and see if rising income inequality contributes to the problem of rising informal settlements. We model informal settlements explicitly and show that having more than two income groups matter in our set up. We find that rising income inequality does contribute to the welfare of the poor in a negative way and also leads to a rise in number of informal settlers, hence contributing to the existing problem. We extend the model further to incorporate tax on housing in the formal sector and tax revenue going into the provision of public utilities in the informal sector and look at the effects of rising income inequality. We also look at movements of households across sectors and find interesting implications of these to the city equilibrium. The third paper uses the monocentric city model set up and enhances the model to include for different types of housing and differences in their respective construction costs. We show the importance of these features by comparing the equilibrium to a situation where these features were not there. We find interesting implications of the new features of the model on the city equilibrium. We show that having the highest bid-rent does not ensure a household a house in that place. We also do some comparative static analysis and show how changes in construction costs changes the equilibrium of the city. Advisors/Committee Members: Bento, Antonio Miguel R. (chair), Kanbur, Ravi (chair), Li, Shanjun (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Roy, S. (2017). Three Essays on Contemporary Issues in Climate Change and Urban Development. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/56988

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Roy, Sanket. “Three Essays on Contemporary Issues in Climate Change and Urban Development.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/56988.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Roy, Sanket. “Three Essays on Contemporary Issues in Climate Change and Urban Development.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Roy S. Three Essays on Contemporary Issues in Climate Change and Urban Development. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/56988.

Council of Science Editors:

Roy S. Three Essays on Contemporary Issues in Climate Change and Urban Development. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/56988

West Virginia University

5. Jensen, Christa Dean. The Three W's of Hazardous Waste: Who, Why, and Where?.

Degree: PhD, Economics, 2012, West Virginia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.3573 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3573

► In the late 1960s and 1970s, amid changing attitudes about the environment and emerging sustainability concerns, countries around the world began regulating multiple aspects of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jensen, C. D. (2012). The Three W's of Hazardous Waste: Who, Why, and Where?. (Doctoral Dissertation). West Virginia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.3573 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3573

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jensen, Christa Dean. “The Three W's of Hazardous Waste: Who, Why, and Where?.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, West Virginia University. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.3573 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3573.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jensen, Christa Dean. “The Three W's of Hazardous Waste: Who, Why, and Where?.” 2012. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Jensen CD. The Three W's of Hazardous Waste: Who, Why, and Where?. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. West Virginia University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.3573 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3573.

Council of Science Editors:

Jensen CD. The Three W's of Hazardous Waste: Who, Why, and Where?. [Doctoral Dissertation]. West Virginia University; 2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33915/etd.3573 ; https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3573

Washington State University

6. [No author]. Three Essays on Industrial Organization and Environmental Economics .

Degree: 2017, Washington State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2376/13031

► This dissertation consists of three papers on industrial organization and environmental economics. The first paper analyzes a two-stage sequential-move model of location and pricing to… (more)

▼ This dissertation consists of three papers on industrial organization and environmental economics. The first paper analyzes a two-stage sequential-move model of location and pricing to identify firm's location, output, and welfare. We consider two pricing regimes (mill pricing and spatial price discrimination) and, unlike previous literature, allow in each of them for a non-uniform population density, non-constant location costs (i.e., the setup costs, such rental costs and land prices, differ by firm's location), and endogenous market boundaries. Under non-constant location costs, we find that welfare is higher (lower) under mill than under discriminatory pricing when transportation rates are low (high, respectively). The second paper investigates the effect of Beijing's vehicle lottery system on fleet composition, fuel consumption, air pollution, and social welfare. We find that the lottery reduced new passenger vehicle sales by 50.15%, fuel consumption by 48.69%, and pollutant emissions by 48.69% in 2012. Also, such lottery shifted new auto purchases towards high-end but less fuel efficient vehicles. In our counterfactual analysis, we show that a progressive tax scheme works better than the lottery system at decreasing fuel consumption and air pollution, and leads to a higher fleet fuel efficiency and less welfare loss. The third paper investigates the effectiveness and welfare consequences of (i) vehicle and vessel usage tax (VVUT) incentives, (ii) fuel-efficient vehicle subsidy program, and (iii) new-energy vehicle (NEV) private purchase subsidy pilot program. The empirical findings suggest that these policies promote the diffusion of fuel-efficient vehicles and NEVs, and improve fleet fuel efficiency. However, VVUT incentives and fuel-efficient vehicle subsidy program increases oil consumption and CO2 emissions. Although NEV private purchase subsidy pilot program cuts down gas consumption, it raises CO2 emissions. VVUT incentives and fuel-efficient vehicle subsidy program improve social welfare, while NEV private purchase subsidy pilot program causes welfare loss. Advisors/Committee Members: Munoz-Garcia, Felix (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

author], [. (2017). Three Essays on Industrial Organization and Environmental Economics . (Thesis). Washington State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2376/13031

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

author], [No. “Three Essays on Industrial Organization and Environmental Economics .” 2017. Thesis, Washington State University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2376/13031.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

author], [No. “Three Essays on Industrial Organization and Environmental Economics .” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

author] [. Three Essays on Industrial Organization and Environmental Economics . [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2376/13031.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

author] [. Three Essays on Industrial Organization and Environmental Economics . [Thesis]. Washington State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2376/13031

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Arizona State University

7. Lewis, Daniel. The Role of Futures Markets for the Design and Performance of Incentive Based Environmental Policy: A Study of the Sulfur Financial Instrument and European Union Allowance.

Degree: Business Administration, 2015, Arizona State University

URL: http://repository.asu.edu/items/34859

► This dissertation outlines the role that futures markets for tradable permits can play in improving the performance of incentive based policies for environmental externalities. An… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics; Economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lewis, D. (2015). The Role of Futures Markets for the Design and Performance of Incentive Based Environmental Policy: A Study of the Sulfur Financial Instrument and European Union Allowance. (Doctoral Dissertation). Arizona State University. Retrieved from http://repository.asu.edu/items/34859

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lewis, Daniel. “The Role of Futures Markets for the Design and Performance of Incentive Based Environmental Policy: A Study of the Sulfur Financial Instrument and European Union Allowance.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Arizona State University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://repository.asu.edu/items/34859.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lewis, Daniel. “The Role of Futures Markets for the Design and Performance of Incentive Based Environmental Policy: A Study of the Sulfur Financial Instrument and European Union Allowance.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lewis D. The Role of Futures Markets for the Design and Performance of Incentive Based Environmental Policy: A Study of the Sulfur Financial Instrument and European Union Allowance. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Arizona State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://repository.asu.edu/items/34859.

Council of Science Editors:

Lewis D. The Role of Futures Markets for the Design and Performance of Incentive Based Environmental Policy: A Study of the Sulfur Financial Instrument and European Union Allowance. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Arizona State University; 2015. Available from: http://repository.asu.edu/items/34859

Duke University

8. Ma, Lala Xun. Topics in Hedonic Valuation .

Degree: 2014, Duke University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8736

► Environmental goods such as clean air and water are integral to human quality of life. However, because these amenities are not priced, their monetary… (more)

▼ Environmental goods such as clean air and water are integral to human quality of life. However, because these amenities are not priced, their monetary values are not directly apparent. As a result, Hedonic methods have been employed as a tool to recover household Marginal Willingness To Pay (MWTP) for these goods to inform policy-making given constrained public resources. This thesis consists of three chapters tied to the Hedonic valuation of a particular environmental `bad,' a brownfield site. Brownfield properties are lands that cannot be used due to the presence of a low-risk, hazardous substance. The first chapter uses property value hedonics to reveal household willingness to pay for brownfield cleanup (joint work with Kevin Haninger and Christopher Timmins). We exploit variation in space and time to deal with the potential bias in estimating MWTP due to unobservable variables that are correlated with both housing prices and site cleanup. Furthermore, there has been recent work showing that if equilibrium price functions change over time, the capitalization of changes in neighborhood amenities into property values over time (e.g. brownfield cleanup) may neither represent the preferences of those living in the neighborhood before changes occurred or after. To address this, we provide a way to estimate cleanup without assuming that the hedonic price function is stable over time, an assumption that would likely be violated if site cleanup brought about significant changes to the community populations around the sites. The second chapter considers two sources of distortions in the valuation of non-marketed goods - an expectations bias and a learning bias. If consumers suspect that cleanup of a brownfield is likely before it is cleaned (expectation) or gain new information about the severity of the brownfield contamination (information), then baseline period prices need to be adjusted to account for these potential distortions to the MWTP estimate. To address this, I collect a new data set on brownfield contamination information over time from Massachusetts, and recover hedonic values from a dynamic neighborhood choice framework that allows agents to learn about brownfield hazards in a Bayesian fashion. I find a MWTP estimate of \888.38 per unit of site contamination when accounting for learning and forward-looking behavior, which is more than double the simple hedonic estimate. Furthermore, parameters from my model can be used to calculate the average value of information provided by a site assessment. The final chapter, joint work with Gabrielle Inder, examines whether different types of information about brownfield contamination capitalize into property values differently. More specifically, we estimate a property value hedonic model to test if housing prices are impacted differently if information about nearby contamination is released as a continuous measure as opposed to a binary measure (i.e. exceeding a threshold value or not). We do this by exploiting variation in contaminant… Advisors/Committee Members: Timmins, Christopher (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ma, L. X. (2014). Topics in Hedonic Valuation . (Thesis). Duke University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8736

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ma, Lala Xun. “Topics in Hedonic Valuation .” 2014. Thesis, Duke University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8736.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ma, Lala Xun. “Topics in Hedonic Valuation .” 2014. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Ma LX. Topics in Hedonic Valuation . [Internet] [Thesis]. Duke University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8736.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ma LX. Topics in Hedonic Valuation . [Thesis]. Duke University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8736

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Berkeley

9. Stevens, Andrew William. Empirical Analyses in Agricultural and Resource Economics.

Degree: Agricultural & Resource Economics, 2017, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3t6599jx

► Agriculture has played a profound and unique role in humanity's development. We are dependent on agriculture for the vast majority of our food supply, and… (more)

▼ Agriculture has played a profound and unique role in humanity's development. We are dependent on agriculture for the vast majority of our food supply, and have so far been successful at increasing agricultural production to meet rising demand. At the same time, agriculture is the largest and most direct way that humans have altered our planet's landscape and natural environment. Indeed, over half of all land in the United States is used for some agricultural purpose. In this dissertation, I explore three different aspects of human-environmental-agricultural interdependency in the United States. In the first chapter, I study agricultural workers' wage-responsiveness under different environmental conditions on California blueberry farms. In the second chapter, Fiona Burlig and I study the effect of human social networks on agricultural technology adoption in three upper-Midwestern states. Finally, in the third chapter, I study how the location of ethanol refineries in the US Corn Belt affects crop choice decisions and nutrient runoff. Each of these chapters highlights a different interaction between human economic systems (wages, social networks, renewable fuel policy), environmental conditions (temperature, nitrogen application/runoff), and agricultural enterprises (specialty crop labor productivity, adoption of fertilizer, crop rotations). I utilize a similar empirical strategy in each chapter, employing fixed effects and other panel data techniques to control for time-invariant determinants of productivity, technology adoption, and optimal crop choice, respectively. This dissertation highlights the benefits of panel data methods in agriculture, especially in the modern era of abundant micro-level data.In the first chapter, I study how agricultural laborers' productivity responds to changes in the piece rate wage they are paid: a wage paid per unit of output rather than per unit of time. Specifically, I exploit quasi-experimental variation to estimate the elasticity of labor productivity with respect to piece rate wages by analyzing a high-frequency panel of over 2,000 blueberry pickers on two California farms over three years. To account for endogeneity in the piece rate wage, I use the market price for blueberries as an instrumental variable. I find that picker productivity is very inelastic on average, and I can reject even modest elasticities of up to 0.7. However, this average masks important heterogeneity across outdoor working conditions. Specifically, at temperatures below 60 degrees Fahrenheit, I find that higher piece rate wages do in fact induce increases in labor productivity. This is suggestive evidence consistent with a model where at moderate to hot temperatures, workers face binding physiological constraints that prevent them from exerting additional effort in response to higher wages. This insight has important implications for understanding how climate change will affect the agricultural labor sector.In the second chapter, Fiona Burlig and I use historical data and a natural experiment to study the…

Subjects/Keywords: Agriculture economics; Economics; Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stevens, A. W. (2017). Empirical Analyses in Agricultural and Resource Economics. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3t6599jx

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stevens, Andrew William. “Empirical Analyses in Agricultural and Resource Economics.” 2017. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3t6599jx.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stevens, Andrew William. “Empirical Analyses in Agricultural and Resource Economics.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Stevens AW. Empirical Analyses in Agricultural and Resource Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3t6599jx.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Stevens AW. Empirical Analyses in Agricultural and Resource Economics. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2017. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3t6599jx

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

10. Wright, Christopher. Essays on the economics of municipal and household solid waste disposal and recycling.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of New Hampshire

URL: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/677

► The sustained increase of municipal solid waste generation is an ongoing management and environmental challenge confronting many local governmental units in the United States.… (more)

▼ The sustained increase of municipal solid waste generation is an ongoing management and environmental challenge confronting many local governmental units in the United States. The management problems associated with municipal solid waste generation are attributed to rising levels of solid waste, and the real costs to collect, transport, and dispose solid waste is increasing. The increase in landfill disposal costs, referred to as "tipping-fees", is partially attributed to the regulatory and technological requirements of landfill operations designed to reduce pollution from landfills. In response to these challenges, municipal solid waste managers are evaluating the benefits and costs of alternative programs and pricing practices. The results of this dissertation contribute policy relevant information for the evaluation and consideration of designing economically efficient municipal solid waste collection and recycling services. Essay 1 is an evaluation of the effect of municipal solid waste (MSW) user fees on household generation of solid waste. MSW user fees create a financial incentive for households to decrease their generation of solid waste destined for landfill disposal. Results from a cross-sectional study of 234 cities and towns in New Hampshire for the year 2008 suggest the implementation of user fees for household solid waste disposal results in an average reduction of 40% to 50% in the amount of municipal solid waste disposed. The second essay presents findings from a contingent valuation study of two referendum proposals designed to estimate the determinants of household willingness to pay for 1) Implementing unit-based pricing of household trash disposal to generate revenues to support community recycling services and 2) Switching from their current recycling program which requires multiple sorting of recyclable materials, to a single-stream collection program which allows all recyclables to be placed into a single collection bin at the community's solid waste transfer station. Depending on model specification, the findings suggest on average households will pay from 37 to 42 cents per trash bag to support community recycling services. On average households convey a negative willingness to pay ranging from -86 to -96 cents per month to switch to single-stream recycling at their community's solid waste transfer facility. The third essay extends the analysis to identify household preferences for selected attributes of municipal trash and recycling programs. Results suggest households value programs expected to increase the community recycling rate. Consistent with the findings of Essay 2, household choices indicate a loss of welfare associated with single-stream recycling relative to their current practice of sorting recyclables. The results of this study are useful for identifying the trash and recycling services valued by households. Household participation in community recycling programs is likely to increase when community recycling programs are designed to provide… Advisors/Committee Members: John M Halstead.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics; General; Economics; Environmental; Economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wright, C. (2012). Essays on the economics of municipal and household solid waste disposal and recycling. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New Hampshire. Retrieved from https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/677

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wright, Christopher. “Essays on the economics of municipal and household solid waste disposal and recycling.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New Hampshire. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/677.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wright, Christopher. “Essays on the economics of municipal and household solid waste disposal and recycling.” 2012. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Wright C. Essays on the economics of municipal and household solid waste disposal and recycling. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New Hampshire; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/677.

Council of Science Editors:

Wright C. Essays on the economics of municipal and household solid waste disposal and recycling. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New Hampshire; 2012. Available from: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/677

University of Washington

11. Chen, Yeuan Allen. Three Essays in Fisheries Economics.

Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/41765

► The first chapter of this dissertation examines how the sample of catches used by researchers to construct catch expectations proxies is selected by the fisher.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords:

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, Y. A. (2018). Three Essays in Fisheries Economics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/41765

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Yeuan Allen. “Three Essays in Fisheries Economics.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Washington. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/41765.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Yeuan Allen. “Three Essays in Fisheries Economics.” 2018. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Chen YA. Three Essays in Fisheries Economics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Washington; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/41765.

Council of Science Editors:

Chen YA. Three Essays in Fisheries Economics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Washington; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/41765

University of California – Berkeley

12. Tang, Qu. Essays on Environmental Economics.

Degree: Agricultural & Resource Economics, 2015, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/159713r1

► AbstractEssays on Environmental EconomicsbyQu TangDoctor of Philosophy in Agricultural and Resource EconomicsUniversity of California, BerkeleyProfessor Gordon C. Rausser, ChairThis dissertation is comprised of three essays… (more)

▼ AbstractEssays on Environmental EconomicsbyQu TangDoctor of Philosophy in Agricultural and Resource EconomicsUniversity of California, BerkeleyProfessor Gordon C. Rausser, ChairThis dissertation is comprised of three essays that apply microeconomics theory and econometric methods to study important issues in environmental economics. In the first essay, I investigate the impacts of imposing inter-state trade restrictions on the compliance costs of coal-fired electric generating units (EGUs) in the context of a U.S. SO2 emissions trading program (the Acid Rain Program). Over the past decade, tremendous efforts have been devoted to modifying emissions trading programs to address cross-state air pollution problems. The modification involves imposing more restrictions on emissions trading across geographical areas. The empirical question is how severe trade restrictions affect the regulated firms’ compliance costs. Using rich data from the Acid Rain Program, this essay developed a discrete-continuous model to estimate electric generating units’ compliance strategies and marginal abatement costs associated with the nationwide uniform emissions trading as the program was implemented in practice. Based on the estimation results, this essay then simulated units’ compliance behaviors and the corresponding compliance costs if interstate trading had been prohibited. The results show that the aggregate compliance costs would increase more than one and a half times for the same emissions reduction goal due to the narrower trading markets in the counterfactual policy design with trade restrictions, and the costs would vary dramatically across space. Combined with the analysis on the benefit side, the results of this essay could be used to predict welfare impacts associated with trade restrictions at both national level and state level. And it may shed light on the future modification and implementation of EPA’s cross-state air pollution regulations.The second essay applies an equilibrium sorting model to a brand-new housing market in Beijing, China to estimate household preferences for neighborhood public goods provision, including public transportation services, public primary schools, and environmental amenities. The equilibrium sorting model is based on a discrete choice model of household residential location decisions. Relying on a unique, detailed data set on housing location, price, and other household characteristics, I estimate the model following the two-step BLP method, taking into account the heterogeneity of household preferences, incorporating neighborhood-specific unobservable characteristics, and addressing the endogeneity of housing prices using instrumental variables. The results suggest that in general, lower housing price, better environmental amenities, and being closer to job centers will increase the choice opportunity of a neighborhood, and public transportation systems play a more important role in the neighborhoods far away from urban centers. Moreover, different households show varying preferences for…

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tang, Q. (2015). Essays on Environmental Economics. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/159713r1

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tang, Qu. “Essays on Environmental Economics.” 2015. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/159713r1.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tang, Qu. “Essays on Environmental Economics.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Tang Q. Essays on Environmental Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/159713r1.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tang Q. Essays on Environmental Economics. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2015. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/159713r1

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – San Diego

13. Johnson, Jacob R. Essays in Decisions, Institutions, and the Environment.

Degree: Economics, 2016, University of California – San Diego

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/73v2r4n7

► The successful implementation of environmental policies is directly related to the functioning of government institutions. As such, the study of how these institutions – and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Johnson, J. R. (2016). Essays in Decisions, Institutions, and the Environment. (Thesis). University of California – San Diego. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/73v2r4n7

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johnson, Jacob R. “Essays in Decisions, Institutions, and the Environment.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – San Diego. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/73v2r4n7.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johnson, Jacob R. “Essays in Decisions, Institutions, and the Environment.” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Johnson JR. Essays in Decisions, Institutions, and the Environment. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/73v2r4n7.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Johnson JR. Essays in Decisions, Institutions, and the Environment. [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/73v2r4n7

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Berkeley

14. Xie, Lunyu. Three Essays on Environmental Economics.

Degree: Agricultural & Resource Economics, 2013, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7sb1m7f5

► Environmental issues have large impacts on both developed and developing economies. In this dissertation, I focus on three environmental issues, assess their impacts, and evaluate… (more)

▼ Environmental issues have large impacts on both developed and developing economies. In this dissertation, I focus on three environmental issues, assess their impacts, and evaluate the effectiveness of related remedies, using both ex-post evaluation and ex-ante forecasting methods.Using individual travel diary data collected before and after the rail transit coverage expansion in urban Beijing, the first chapter estimates the impact of rail accessibility improvement on the usage of rail transit, automobiles, buses, walking, and bicycling, measured as percent distance traveled by each mode in an individual trip. My results indicate that the average rail transit usage significantly increased, by 98.3% for commuters residing in the zones where the distances to the nearest station decreased because of the expansion, relative to commuters in the zones where the distances did not change. I also find that auto usage significantly decreased, by 19.8%, while the impact on bus usage was small and not statistically significant. Average walking and bicycling distance (combined) increased by 11.8%, indicating that walking and bicycling are complements to urban rail transit, instead of substitutes. Furthermore, I find that estimated changes in auto usage and rail transit usage vary significantly with auto ownership and income.Based on a coauthored paper with Peter Berck and Jintao Xu, the second chapter studies the collective forest tenure reform in China. In this reform, the Chinese government allowed collective village forest land to pass into individualized ownership. The government's purpose was to alleviate rural poverty, stimulate investment in forests, and improve forest conservation. Using data collected from 288 villages, in eight provinces, over three years, this chapter measures the effect of the individualization on one aspect of forest investment, forestation. Because villages voted on the reform, we identify the causal effect of the reform by an instrumental variable estimator based on the countywide decision to offer the reform package. We find an increase in forestation of 7.87% of forest land in the year of the reform, and no significant change in harvesting. It implies that the individualization of the village forestlands is on track to meet the societal goals concerning forest conditions.The third chapter is based on a coauthored paper with Sarah Lewis, Maximilian Auffhammer, and Peter Berck. In this chapter, we study crop coverage adaption to climate change. In the face of warming weather, famers may grow different crops that better fit in the new landscape. This type of adaptation may offset the negative effects of climate change. However, adaptation may be restricted by soil conditions, which determine crop yields and whether the substitution crops could fit in. The feasible amount of adaptation could be small, even in the face of substantial warming. Therefore, the negative effects of climate change can be offset only to a limited extent. In this paper, we pair a 10-year panel of satellite-based crop coverage…

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Xie, L. (2013). Three Essays on Environmental Economics. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7sb1m7f5

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Xie, Lunyu. “Three Essays on Environmental Economics.” 2013. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7sb1m7f5.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Xie, Lunyu. “Three Essays on Environmental Economics.” 2013. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Xie L. Three Essays on Environmental Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7sb1m7f5.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Xie L. Three Essays on Environmental Economics. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2013. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7sb1m7f5

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cornell University

15. Li, Dingyi. The Effects of Pollution on Travel Mode Choice.

Degree: M.S., Applied Economics and Management, Applied Economics and Management, 2019, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/67516

► For my Masters thesis, I analyze how air pollution affects travel mode decisions in China using a large and detailed hourly household-level data set on… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Li, D. (2019). The Effects of Pollution on Travel Mode Choice. (Masters Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/67516

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Li, Dingyi. “The Effects of Pollution on Travel Mode Choice.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/67516.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Li, Dingyi. “The Effects of Pollution on Travel Mode Choice.” 2019. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Li D. The Effects of Pollution on Travel Mode Choice. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Cornell University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/67516.

Council of Science Editors:

Li D. The Effects of Pollution on Travel Mode Choice. [Masters Thesis]. Cornell University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/67516

Cornell University

16. Wang, Jingyuan. Impact of Economic Growth and Industrial Activities on Air Quality in China: Evidence from 118 Cities.

Degree: M.S., Applied Economics and Management, Applied Economics and Management, 2017, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/51571

► In the past few decades, China’s tremendous economic and social development, and the lack of environmental regulation, has made environmental quality a serious concern. Now… (more)

▼ In the past few decades, China’s tremendous economic and social development, and the lack of environmental regulation, has made environmental quality a serious concern. Now the government is going to develop western China and pushes the ’One Belt One Road’ multibillion-dollar infrastructure project. In the context of environmental degradation and China's new push for an "ecological civilization" in the “new normal”, to estimate the environmental cost of economic development in China is very important. A rich literature that examines the effect of economic growth on air quality degradation suggests that there is an inverted-U shaped relationship between the two. However, most of the previous studies of this relationship concentrate on finding the “turning point” of the inverted-U and do not focus on quantifying the impact of economic growth and industrial activities on environmental quality. Neither do they address the potential of an endogenous problem in the relationship. This study estimates the impact that economic growth and industrial activities had on China’s air quality from 2000 to 2012, and it predicts the future impact of economic growth in western China. To deal with the potential of endogeneity, this study constructs instrumental variables (IV) for GDP and industrial output by using the GDP of trading partner countries. With data from 118 Chinese cities, this study identifies the impact of economic growth and industrial output on air quality in China and similar developing areas. The results suggest a quadratic relationship between economic growth and air quality degradation. The estimated marginal impact is stronger than in most previous studies: a 10% increase in secondary industry GDP is associated with a 5% increase in air pollutant concentrations, on average. This impact is largely driven by pollution-intensive industries in the secondary sector. Advisors/Committee Members: Li, Shanjun (chair), Barwick, Panle Jia (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, J. (2017). Impact of Economic Growth and Industrial Activities on Air Quality in China: Evidence from 118 Cities. (Masters Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/51571

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Jingyuan. “Impact of Economic Growth and Industrial Activities on Air Quality in China: Evidence from 118 Cities.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/51571.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Jingyuan. “Impact of Economic Growth and Industrial Activities on Air Quality in China: Evidence from 118 Cities.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Wang J. Impact of Economic Growth and Industrial Activities on Air Quality in China: Evidence from 118 Cities. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Cornell University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/51571.

Council of Science Editors:

Wang J. Impact of Economic Growth and Industrial Activities on Air Quality in China: Evidence from 118 Cities. [Masters Thesis]. Cornell University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/51571

Cornell University

17. Lang, Corey. Non-Market Valuation Across Space And Time.

Degree: PhD, Economics, 2011, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30624

► My dissertation provides new evidence and a new approach to identify the extent and implications of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the valuation of non-market… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lang, C. (2011). Non-Market Valuation Across Space And Time. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30624

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lang, Corey. “Non-Market Valuation Across Space And Time.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30624.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lang, Corey. “Non-Market Valuation Across Space And Time.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lang C. Non-Market Valuation Across Space And Time. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30624.

Council of Science Editors:

Lang C. Non-Market Valuation Across Space And Time. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30624

University of California – Berkeley

18. Baylis, Patrick William. Understanding the Human Effects of Climate Change.

Degree: Agricultural & Resource Economics, 2016, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4f8191b0

► Climate change has already begun to profoundly alter the relationship betweenhumans and their environment for the vast majority of the world’s population. How-ever, history has… (more)

▼ Climate change has already begun to profoundly alter the relationship betweenhumans and their environment for the vast majority of the world’s population. How-ever, history has demonstrated that human are nothing if not responsive: as theclimate changes, so too will economies, governments, and individuals. This disser-tation examines impacts and responses to climate change with an eye towards un-derstanding how future societies might adapt to substantial climatic changes. Thefirst chapter measures the welfare cost of changes in amenity values due to climatechange by proxying for temperature preferences using contemporaneous changes inmood, as detected from posts on the social media platform Twitter. The secondchapter examines the response of electricity demand to changes in temperature asa means to project patterns of future energy consumption and large-scale capitalinvestments. The third chapter makes a methodological contribution to test threequasi-experimental methods of estimating electricity savings in dynamic pricing pro-grams versus an empirical “gold standard”: the results from this chapter will aidpolicymakers in quantifying the effects these programs on curbing future increasesin electricity generation due to climate change.The first chapter is motivated by a gap in the climate impacts literature: thechange in amenity values resulting from temperature increases may be a substantialunaccounted-for cost of climate change. Without an explicit market for climate, priorwork has relied on cross-sectional variation or survey data to identify this cost. Thispaper presents an alternative method of estimating preferences over nonmarket goodswhich accounts for unobserved cross-sectional and temporal variation and allows forprecise estimates of nonlinear effects. Specifically, I create a rich panel dataset onhedonic state: a geographically and temporally dense collection of updates from thesocial media platform Twitter, scored using a set of both human- and machine-trainedsentiment analysis algorithms. Using this dataset, I find strong evidence of a sharpdeclines in hedonic state above and below 20 ◦ C (68 ◦ F). This finding is robust acrossall measures of hedonic state and to a variety of specifications.The second chapter simulates the effect of climate change on future electricitydemand in the United States. We combine fine-scaled hourly electricity load datawith observations of weather to estimate the response of both average and peakelectricity demand to changes in temperature. Applying these estimates to a set oflocally downscaled climate projections, we project regional end-of-century changesin electricity load. The results document increases in average hourly load across thecountry, with more pronounced changes occurring in the southern United States.Importantly, we find changes in peak demand to be larger than changes in aver-age demand, which has implications for public policy choices around future capitalinvestment.The third chapter compares quasi-experimental designs to experimental designs inthe context of…

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Baylis, P. W. (2016). Understanding the Human Effects of Climate Change. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4f8191b0

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Baylis, Patrick William. “Understanding the Human Effects of Climate Change.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4f8191b0.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Baylis, Patrick William. “Understanding the Human Effects of Climate Change.” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Baylis PW. Understanding the Human Effects of Climate Change. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4f8191b0.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Baylis PW. Understanding the Human Effects of Climate Change. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4f8191b0

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

19. Liao, Yanjun. Essays in Environmental Economics.

Degree: Economics, 2019, University of California – San Diego

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8c01z6q4

► This dissertation contains three essays exploring how economic agents and markets respond to weather events and natural disasters.Chapter 1 examines whether short-run weather fluctuations affect… (more)

▼ This dissertation contains three essays exploring how economic agents and markets respond to weather events and natural disasters.Chapter 1 examines whether short-run weather fluctuations affect the decision to go solar by residential customers in California. The results show that residential customers whose sign-ups are followed by less sunny weather are more likely to cancel their contracts. This behavior is inconsistent with rationality, as a solar PV system is a long-term investment whose return is not affected by short-run weather fluctuations. I analyze this behavior further using a theoretical model of projection bias combined with engineering models of solar power production and energy demand. Chapter 2 studies housing market responses to hurricanes using detailed data on Florida housing markets during 2000-2016. We identify the causal effects of hurricanes in a difference-in-differences framework exploiting the exogeneity of hurricane path and timing. The results show that the housing market is dominated by a negative supply shock lasting up to three years. While these effects are transitory, we show that they are associated with the arrival of home buyers whose income is higher, holding fixed the quality of homes transacted. This implies a lasting shift in the local economic profile towards higher income, along with potential gentrification.Chapter 3 investigates whether and how voters’ preferences on environmental policy are reflected in legislative elections. People’s belief in climate change is known to be affected by experiencing extreme weather events. We study the electoral responses to these randomly occurring events in House of Representative elections. To focus on the channel of environmental preference, we estimate differential responses based on the environmental ideology of the incumbent congressperson conditional on party membership. We find evidence that climate-related extreme weather events motivate political giving to challengers of anti-environment incumbents, increase the overall competitiveness in these races, and lead to a lower probability of re-election for these incumbents.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

10 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liao, Y. (2019). Essays in Environmental Economics. (Thesis). University of California – San Diego. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8c01z6q4

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liao, Yanjun. “Essays in Environmental Economics.” 2019. Thesis, University of California – San Diego. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8c01z6q4.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liao, Yanjun. “Essays in Environmental Economics.” 2019. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Liao Y. Essays in Environmental Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8c01z6q4.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Liao Y. Essays in Environmental Economics. [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2019. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8c01z6q4

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

20. Goodwin, Chris. Three Papers in Environmental and Natural Resource Economics.

Degree: 2015, University of California – eScholarship, University of California

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6qz9d14b

► The first chapter concerns the eruption of Mount St. Helens in Washington State on May 18th, 1980 which resulted in a massive and unanticipated particulate… (more)

▼ The first chapter concerns the eruption of Mount St. Helens in Washington State on May 18th, 1980 which resulted in a massive and unanticipated particulate air pollution shock. I use the incidence of the ash cloud fallout across Washington as a natural experiment to estimate the effect of a particulate shock on birth outcomes and infant mortality. I find that while there is no statistical effect on infant mortality, there were statistically fewer low birth weight babies born. The measured effect indicates about 230 fewer babies were born as a result of exposure while in the womb. These results suggest that about 1 in 10 pregnancies were terminated from the 20th percentile group of the weight distribution, increasing to almost 1 in 5 in the lowest 5th percentile. The effect is found to be the strongest in the early stages of pregnancy. Using these findings I estimate that the cost of a single particulate shock of typical magnitude on a metropolitan area of median size is $3.7 million. This quasi-experimental treatment is unique since the ash particulate is bioreactively inert and uncorrelated with other pollution. It clearly identifies the pernicious nature of all particulates, not just particulate categorized by source. In addition, the discrete timing of the event identifies the most vulnerable window for suspended particulate shocks on expectant mothers.In the second chapter, my colleague Daniel Moncayo and I investigate the informational effect that social comparisons play in household electricity use. We employ a randomized field experiment to present individuals with a social norm that encourages them to conserve electricity by comparing their consumption to that of an ``energy efficient neighbor,'' consisting of the average of the 10th percentile of participants' electricity consumption. Utilizing smart-meter data, we find households that received our informational treatment reduced their electricity consumption by an average of 7%, even though the treatment was private and there was no financial incentive to conserve. We also discover that conservation gains are largest during the peak morning and evening hours.The third chapter examines the effect of country-level political stability and investment security on forestland use. Using cross-section data I find that these measures are associated with benign outcomes for overall rates of forest area change and roundwood production. These associations are robust when instrumented for endogeneity, and reveal stronger impacts than OLS estimates would imply. Two-stage least squares results indicate that a one standard deviation increase in political stability, as currently measured by the World Bank, increases forest area by 12% over 10 years, and increases roundwood production by a factor of 10 to 19. Targeting political stability and investment security may be one of the most effective tools in mitigating carbon emissions through forest expansion and increasing forest productivity.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Goodwin, C. (2015). Three Papers in Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. (Thesis). University of California – eScholarship, University of California. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6qz9d14b

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Goodwin, Chris. “Three Papers in Environmental and Natural Resource Economics.” 2015. Thesis, University of California – eScholarship, University of California. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6qz9d14b.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Goodwin, Chris. “Three Papers in Environmental and Natural Resource Economics.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Goodwin C. Three Papers in Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – eScholarship, University of California; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6qz9d14b.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Goodwin C. Three Papers in Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. [Thesis]. University of California – eScholarship, University of California; 2015. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6qz9d14b

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Cape Town

21. Ellis Brown, Rupert. Environmental regulation as a determinant of trade: an empirical investigation of the "Pollution Haven Hypothesis" in the context of international trade.

Degree: Image, School of Economics, 2016, University of Cape Town

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20418

► This paper applies an augmented version of the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek model to a broad cross section of countries for the period 2001 to 2011, providing evidence… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ellis Brown, R. (2016). Environmental regulation as a determinant of trade: an empirical investigation of the "Pollution Haven Hypothesis" in the context of international trade. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20418

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ellis Brown, Rupert. “Environmental regulation as a determinant of trade: an empirical investigation of the "Pollution Haven Hypothesis" in the context of international trade.” 2016. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20418.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ellis Brown, Rupert. “Environmental regulation as a determinant of trade: an empirical investigation of the "Pollution Haven Hypothesis" in the context of international trade.” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Ellis Brown R. Environmental regulation as a determinant of trade: an empirical investigation of the "Pollution Haven Hypothesis" in the context of international trade. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20418.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ellis Brown R. Environmental regulation as a determinant of trade: an empirical investigation of the "Pollution Haven Hypothesis" in the context of international trade. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20418

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

22. Rodriguez Ramirez, Luz Angela. On the Regulation of Small Actors: Three Experimental Essays about Policies based on Voluntary Compliance and Decentralized Monitoring .

Degree: 2016, Duke University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12875

► Monitoring and enforcement are perhaps the biggest challenges in the design and implementation of environmental policies in developing countries where the actions of many… (more)

▼ Monitoring and enforcement are perhaps the biggest challenges in the design and implementation of environmental policies in developing countries where the actions of many small informal actors cause significant impacts on the ecosystem services and where the transaction costs for the state to regulate them could be enormous. This dissertation studies the potential of innovative institutions based on decentralized coordination and enforcement to induce better environmental outcomes. Such policies have in common that the state plays the role of providing the incentives for organization but the process of compliance happens through decentralized agreements, trust building, signaling and monitoring. I draw from the literatures in collective action, common-pool resources, game-theory and non-point source pollution to develop the instruments proposed here. To test the different conditions in which such policies could be implemented I designed two field-experiments that I conducted with small-scale gold miners in the Colombian Pacific and with users and providers of ecosystem services in the states of Veracruz, Quintana Roo and Yucatan in Mexico. This dissertation is organized in three essays. The first essay, “Collective Incentives for Cleaner Small-Scale Gold Mining on the Frontier: Experimental Tests of Compliance with Group Incentives given Limited State Monitoring”, examines whether collective incentives, i.e. incentives provided to a group conditional on collective compliance, could “outsource” the required local monitoring, i.e. induce group interactions that extend the reach of the state that can observe only aggregate consequences in the context of small-scale gold mining. I employed a framed field-lab experiment in which the miners make decisions regarding mining intensity. The state sets a collective target for an environmental outcome, verifies compliance and provides a group reward for compliance which is split equally among members. Since the target set by the state transforms the situation into a coordination game, outcomes depend on expectations of what others will do. I conducted this experiment with 640 participants in a mining region of the Colombian Pacific and I examine different levels of policy severity and their ordering. The findings of the experiment suggest that such instruments can induce compliance but this regulation involves tradeoffs. For most severe targets – with rewards just above costs – raise gains if successful but can collapse rapidly and completely. In terms of group interactions, better outcomes are found when severity initially is lower suggesting learning. The second essay, “Collective Compliance can be Efficient and Inequitable: Impacts of Leaders among Small-Scale Gold Miners in Colombia”, explores the channels through which communication help groups to coordinate in presence of collective incentives and whether the reached solutions are equitable or not. Also in the context of small-scale gold mining in the Colombian Pacific, I test the effect of communication… Advisors/Committee Members: Pfaff, Alexander (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

11 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rodriguez Ramirez, L. A. (2016). On the Regulation of Small Actors: Three Experimental Essays about Policies based on Voluntary Compliance and Decentralized Monitoring . (Thesis). Duke University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12875

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rodriguez Ramirez, Luz Angela. “On the Regulation of Small Actors: Three Experimental Essays about Policies based on Voluntary Compliance and Decentralized Monitoring .” 2016. Thesis, Duke University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12875.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rodriguez Ramirez, Luz Angela. “On the Regulation of Small Actors: Three Experimental Essays about Policies based on Voluntary Compliance and Decentralized Monitoring .” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Rodriguez Ramirez LA. On the Regulation of Small Actors: Three Experimental Essays about Policies based on Voluntary Compliance and Decentralized Monitoring . [Internet] [Thesis]. Duke University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12875.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rodriguez Ramirez LA. On the Regulation of Small Actors: Three Experimental Essays about Policies based on Voluntary Compliance and Decentralized Monitoring . [Thesis]. Duke University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12875

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of South Carolina

23. Das Gupta, Supratim. Investment In Green Technologies.

Degree: PhD, Moore School of Business, 2013, University of South Carolina

URL: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/2285

► Since the middle of the 1970's, there has been considerable research about how to deal with exhaustible natural resources which are essential to production.… (more)

▼ Since the middle of the 1970's, there has been considerable research about how to deal with exhaustible natural resources which are essential to production. In the absence of substitution possibilities, the finite stock of these resources acts as a limiting factor to continued growth of output and hence consumption possibilities. In our first chapter, we combine a finite natural resource and human capital in the production function and look at the possibility of maintaining a non-declining or sustainable level of consumption for an infinite horizon. Our results show that the return to human capital accumulation plays a key role in ensuring this objective. In our model without physical capital, we obtain a similar result where this return must be such that the fraction of time devoted to acquiring human capital each period is at least as much as the share of natural resources in output. Our second chapter focuses on the transition from a relatively cheap exhaustible natural resource (coal, gasoline) to an expensive alternative technology assumed to be in nearly unlimited supply (wind, solar). Due to significant cost differences between fossil-fuel based energy sources and these alternative (backstop) technologies, their use is not as widespread. Public subsidies to research can however bring about innovation through cheaper production techniques which would significantly reduce the operating costs of these backstop technologies. But without sufficient incentives for investment and patent protections, individual firms typically underinvest in backstop technologies relative to the socially optimal level. In our paper, we find that this underinvestment in the backstop also leads to an under-extraction of the exhaustible natural resource. This imply firms would conserve the natural resource for too long and switch later to the alternative technology relative to the socially optimal solution. We extend the chapter to include pollution as a flow variable. Pollution from aggregate use of the natural resource is seen to not affect the behavior of an individual firm whereas it significantly affects that of the social planner. For relatively low pollution cost values, the socially optimal solution involves less investment in the backstop and conserving the natural resource for a longer period compared to the case without pollution. For higher values of the pollution cost, the social planner invests more in the backstop each period and switches sooner to the backstop compared to the case without pollution. In some situations, this may involve leaving behind some stock of the natural resource in the ground. The third chapter introduces pollution (a stock variable) through a deterioration of environmental quality. The structure of the second chapter is maintained here. Comparing the true pollution cost of the resource (in terms of a poor environmental quality) and the cost of the backstop technology, it is possible for the natural resource to be relatively more expensive. This arises in a… Advisors/Committee Members: John H. McDermott.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Das Gupta, S. (2013). Investment In Green Technologies. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of South Carolina. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/2285

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Das Gupta, Supratim. “Investment In Green Technologies.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of South Carolina. Accessed April 11, 2021. https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/2285.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Das Gupta, Supratim. “Investment In Green Technologies.” 2013. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Das Gupta S. Investment In Green Technologies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of South Carolina; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/2285.

Council of Science Editors:

Das Gupta S. Investment In Green Technologies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of South Carolina; 2013. Available from: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/2285

University of Maryland

24. Caulkins, Martha Leigh. Two Essays on Valuing Climate Amenities.

Degree: Economics, 2017, University of Maryland

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/19898

► Chapter 2: I value climate amenities by estimating a discrete location choice model for U.S. households. The utility of each metropolitan statistical area (MSA) depends… (more)

▼ Chapter 2: I value climate amenities by estimating a discrete location choice model for U.S. households. The utility of each metropolitan statistical area (MSA) depends on location-specific amenities, earnings opportunities, housing costs, and the cost of moving to the MSA from the household head’s birthplace. I use the estimated trade-off among wages, housing costs, and climate amenities to value changes in mean winter and summer temperatures. I find that households sort among MSAs as a result of heterogeneous tastes for winter and summer temperatures. Preferences for winter and summer temperatures are negatively correlated: households that prefer milder winters, on average, prefer cooler summers, and households that prefer colder winters prefer warmer summers. Households in the Midwest region, on average, have lower marginal willingness to pay to increase winter and reduce summer temperatures than households in the Pacific and South Atlantic census divisions. I use my results to value changes in winter and summer temperatures for the period 2020 to 2050 under the B1 (climate-friendly) and A2 (more extreme) climate scenarios. On average, households are willing to pay 1 percent of income to avoid the B1 scenario and 2.4 percent of income to avoid the A2 scenario. Chapter 3: I examine differences between the two principal approaches used to estimate the value of urban amenities: the hedonic model, in which amenities are capitalized into wages and housing prices, and the discrete model of household location choices, which is derived from a random utility framework. Several empirical studies have noted that the discrete choice approach can yield much larger estimates of amenity values than the hedonic approach. Using 2000 PUMS census data, I investigate these differences and their possible causes by estimating how U.S. households value various aspects of climate. I estimate both hedonic and discrete choice models, allowing for heterogeneity in tastes for mean winter and summer temperature. In line with the previous literature, I find that discrete choice models consistently yield mean marginal willingness to pay estimates for climate amenities that significantly exceed those implied by hedonic estimates. Additionally, I find that the household sorting patterns implied by the two models are very different. For example, the discrete choice model suggests that households with the greatest preference for warmer winter temperature tend to locate in cities with the mildest winters, while the hedonic models do not. I show that explanations for these differences advanced by the previous literature, such as differences in mobility assumptions between the two approaches, cannot fully explain my findings, and I suggest an alternative theory that deserve further investigation. Advisors/Committee Members: Cropper, Maureen (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental economics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Caulkins, M. L. (2017). Two Essays on Valuing Climate Amenities. (Thesis). University of Maryland. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1903/19898

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Caulkins, Martha Leigh. “Two Essays on Valuing Climate Amenities.” 2017. Thesis, University of Maryland. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/19898.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Caulkins, Martha Leigh. “Two Essays on Valuing Climate Amenities.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Caulkins ML. Two Essays on Valuing Climate Amenities. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/19898.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Caulkins ML. Two Essays on Valuing Climate Amenities. [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/19898

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

25. Reksten, Nicholas. When green isn't all there is to be| An analysis of voluntary greenhouse gas reduction goals.

Degree: 2015, American University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3700855

► This dissertation explores motivations behind setting voluntary greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction goals. It seeks to understand how the institutional environment in which firms… (more)

▼ This dissertation explores motivations behind setting voluntary greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction goals. It seeks to understand how the institutional environment in which firms operate shape their profit-maximizing decisions regarding GHG emissions. Such an environment is populated by various stakeholder groups that exert influence on the firm. Understanding how such groups impact the firm can (1) inform policies that take advantage of institutional arrangements to encourage more aggressive emissions reductions by firms and (2) demonstrate the limits of voluntary approaches in reducing GHG emissions. The first essay develops a theoretical framework in which corporate social responsibility (CSR) related to climate change is modeled as the proportion of clean inputs firms use in their production processes. Stakeholder groups can have preferences for environmental CSR that impact a firm's profit function and constraints. The resulting framework demonstrates the various considerations that a firm may have in deciding on a profit-maximizing level of environmental CSR given various characteristics. The second essay delves more deeply into the decision making process within the firm as it develops a strategic response to the issue of climate change. This is done by analyzing 17 interviews conducted with experts on environmental sustainability efforts in large firms. These suggest that companies may be prompted to respond to the issue of climate change by pressure from different groups, but cost considerations shape the degree of that response. Reduction goals often encourage innovation at the firms as they examine their production process with the dual objectives of reducing costs and emissions. The third essay explores the characteristics of firms that joined the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Climate Leaders program, a voluntary program through which member firms set and achieved GHG emissions reductions from 2002 to 2010. A panel of the S&P; 500 members from 2002, 87 of which eventually joined Climate Leaders, is analyzed using a panel probit model and survival analysis. Results suggest that firms already engaged in sustainability activities were more likely to join the program. Additionally, larger firms, those located in more environmentally friendly states, and those located in areas with cleaner air are more likely to be in the program.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics, Environmental; Economics, General

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reksten, N. (2015). When green isn't all there is to be| An analysis of voluntary greenhouse gas reduction goals. (Thesis). American University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3700855

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reksten, Nicholas. “When green isn't all there is to be| An analysis of voluntary greenhouse gas reduction goals.” 2015. Thesis, American University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3700855.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reksten, Nicholas. “When green isn't all there is to be| An analysis of voluntary greenhouse gas reduction goals.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Reksten N. When green isn't all there is to be| An analysis of voluntary greenhouse gas reduction goals. [Internet] [Thesis]. American University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3700855.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Reksten N. When green isn't all there is to be| An analysis of voluntary greenhouse gas reduction goals. [Thesis]. American University; 2015. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3700855

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

26. Wimberger, Emily R. From Detection Through Repair| Vehicle Emissions Testing in the San Joaquin Valley.

Degree: 2011, University of California, Davis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3482289

► Vehicle emissions testing, otherwise known as Inspection and Maintenance (I/M), is prevalent in areas of the United States with poor ambient air quality, because… (more)

▼ Vehicle emissions testing, otherwise known as Inspection and Maintenance (I/M), is prevalent in areas of the United States with poor ambient air quality, because tailpipe emissions are the largest single source of ozone-forming pollutants. Even though California has the most stringent emissions requirements and the largest I/M program in the nation, as of 2011, nine of California's fifteen Air Basins failed to meet the ground-level ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Where the official California Smog Check program has failed to reduce tailpipe emissions sufficiently, private organizations have stepped in. One such organization, Valley Clean Air Now (Valley CAN), a non-profit advocacy group, has offered through its Tune In & Tune Up (TI&TU) Program free emissions-testing and up to $500, per vehicle, towards emissions-related repairs. Valley CAN targets vehicle owners in the San Joaquin Valley who may be driving while unregistered because of the expense of proper repairs. In this dissertation, I use those vehicles that attended TI&TU events from 2005 through 2009 to analyze three aspects of vehicle emissions testing in California: the detection of gross polluting vehicles, the Valley CAN program's cost-effectiveness, and the durability of emissions-related repairs. For each of the 2,048 vehicles, I have cross-sectional data that includes detailed vehicle-specific characteristics, emissions test results, registration history, and the emissions-related repair cost. Vehicles participating in the TI&TU program are an unusual subset within the California fleet. The largely homogenous TI&TU fleet tends to be older and to have higher emissions than the typical vehicle in California. The majority of TI&TU vehicles are also not in compliance with DMV registration requirements. Thus, the TI&TU vehicles allow for the analysis of unregistered and illegally driven vehicles, vehicles that are often ignored in the literature even though they pollute heavily. Shortfalls with the California Smog Check program have been attributed, in part, to gross polluters, namely the small percentage of the vehicle fleet that emits at more than twice the regulatory standard. California tries to identify gross polluters, who are then directed to special Smog Check stations, with what is called the High Emitter Profile (HEP). As the full HEP specification is proprietary, I approximate that statistical model and measure its accuracy when applied to vehicles participating in the TI&TU event held in Bakersfield in 2009. My findings, reported in Chapter 2, suggest that although the HEP model is accurate overall, it is not well calibrated to identify gross polluters specifically. In Chapter 2, I also estimate a model in which gross polluters are identified only by model year and find this to be a close approximation to the HEP, with a much smaller informational burden and cost to California. Only registered vehicles are subjected to the HEP, which is applied in…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics, Environmental; Economics, General

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wimberger, E. R. (2011). From Detection Through Repair| Vehicle Emissions Testing in the San Joaquin Valley. (Thesis). University of California, Davis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3482289

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wimberger, Emily R. “From Detection Through Repair| Vehicle Emissions Testing in the San Joaquin Valley.” 2011. Thesis, University of California, Davis. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3482289.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wimberger, Emily R. “From Detection Through Repair| Vehicle Emissions Testing in the San Joaquin Valley.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Wimberger ER. From Detection Through Repair| Vehicle Emissions Testing in the San Joaquin Valley. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California, Davis; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3482289.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wimberger ER. From Detection Through Repair| Vehicle Emissions Testing in the San Joaquin Valley. [Thesis]. University of California, Davis; 2011. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3482289

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

27. Guignet, Dennis Brian. What do property values really tell us? Evidence from revealed and stated preference studies.

Degree: 2011, University of Maryland, College Park

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3478942

► In the absence of markets for environmental quality, researchers resort to stated and revealed preference techniques to estimate the benefits of environmental programs. One… (more)

▼ In the absence of markets for environmental quality, researchers resort to stated and revealed preference techniques to estimate the benefits of environmental programs. One of the most widely used revealed preference approaches is hedonic property value models, where the value of an environmental commodity is inferred from its impact on home prices. There are, however, two practical issues in obtaining valid welfare estimates. The first is omitted variable bias, where the estimated impacts are confounded by omitted characteristics of the housing bundle. The second is whether the measure of environmental quality assumed in the hedonic models is the one that buyers and sellers in the market are aware of, and care about. Stated preference approaches offer an opportunity to examine and, in some cases, circumvent these issues. I present three studies exploring the use of hedonic and stated preference methods in estimating the impacts of environmental disamenities on home values. The first study is an extensive hedonic analysis of leaking underground storage tanks (LUSTs). I construct a quasi experiment and implement several econometric techniques to address omitted variable bias, paying special attention to alternative environmental quality measures. I then present two stated preference studies, where the disamenities are conveyed using clearly specified quantitative measures. The first study focuses on LUSTs and groundwater pollution, which is expressed as parts-per-billion of benzene. This reflects the actual information given to households in the hedonic study. The second stated preference study asks respondents to choose among hypothetical homes, which vary in terms of price and mortality risks associated with local air pollution. In my hedonic application I find that LUSTs generally have little effect on home values. I argue that this is because people typically do not have much information regarding this disamenity. This conjecture is confirmed by the significant depreciation at homes where households are well informed, as well as in the stated preference studies, where respondents are informed as part of the study design. While hedonics is a useful non-market valuation tool, in some applications pursuing both approaches may help us more accurately estimate the benefits of environmental programs.

Subjects/Keywords: Economics, Environmental; Economics, General

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Guignet, D. B. (2011). What do property values really tell us? Evidence from revealed and stated preference studies. (Thesis). University of Maryland, College Park. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3478942

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guignet, Dennis Brian. “What do property values really tell us? Evidence from revealed and stated preference studies.” 2011. Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3478942.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guignet, Dennis Brian. “What do property values really tell us? Evidence from revealed and stated preference studies.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Guignet DB. What do property values really tell us? Evidence from revealed and stated preference studies. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Maryland, College Park; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3478942.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Guignet DB. What do property values really tell us? Evidence from revealed and stated preference studies. [Thesis]. University of Maryland, College Park; 2011. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3478942

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

The George Washington University

28. Elrod, Aaron A. Environmental Regulation and Product Mix| Evidence from the Census of Manufactures.

Degree: 2012, The George Washington University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3518543

► Even though environmental regulation can affect the product mix decisions of manufacturers, the environmental economics literature contains almost no research in this area. My… (more)

▼ Even though environmental regulation can affect the product mix decisions of manufacturers, the environmental economics literature contains almost no research in this area. My research contributes to the limited literature, and fills the gap in the literature for U.S. manufacturers, by providing empirical evidence of the effect of environmental regulation on the product mix of U.S. plants in the pulp, paper, and paperboard industries. Given that many U.S. environmental policies attempt to alter emissions by altering production processes rather than product mixes, the findings in this research are useful for future environmental policies. I first examine the determinants of environmental performance of plants, where environmental performance is measured using two approaches. The first approach is based on chemical inputs and measures environmental performance by the quantity of pollution-intensive and non-pollution-intensive chemicals consumed. The second approach is based on pollution output and measures environmental performance by air pollution emissions. Using the first approach, I find that more productive plants with more water pollution abatement capital expenditures consume less pollution-intensive chemicals. Using the second approach, I find that plants located in counties designated non-attainment for ground-level ozone (O₃) have 53 percent lower emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Finally, using the two approaches, I develop a method for classifying products as pollution-intensive and non-pollution-intensive. In the next chapter, I examine the effect of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Pulp and Paper Cluster Rule on product mix. The Cluster Rule combines regulatory requirements from the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act, and calls for affected plants to alter their bleaching process away from chlorine-based bleaching agents. In addition to, or in place of, adopting the cleaner technology, plants may choose to comply with the regulation by reducing output of bleached products or dropping some of these products entirely. Using a difference-in-difference-in-differences approach, I find that plants facing full Cluster Rule regulation are more likely to drop bleached products relative to unbleached products compared to plants facing only partial Cluster Rule regulation. Furthermore, I find evidence that plants facing only partial Cluster Rule regulation alter their product portfolios toward bleached products. Finally, I use ground-level ozone (O₃) county non-attainment status as a proxy for the stringency of environmental regulation to test further how environmental regulation affects product mix decisions. Using fixed effects, I find that plants in O₃ non-attainment counties are more likely to drop dirty (VOC-emitting) products, less likely to drop clean (non-VOC-emitting) products, less likely to add dirty products, and more likely to add clean products. Using propensity matching methods, I find that plants in O<sub>…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics, Environmental; Economics, General

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Elrod, A. A. (2012). Environmental Regulation and Product Mix| Evidence from the Census of Manufactures. (Thesis). The George Washington University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3518543

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Elrod, Aaron A. “Environmental Regulation and Product Mix| Evidence from the Census of Manufactures.” 2012. Thesis, The George Washington University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3518543.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Elrod, Aaron A. “Environmental Regulation and Product Mix| Evidence from the Census of Manufactures.” 2012. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Elrod AA. Environmental Regulation and Product Mix| Evidence from the Census of Manufactures. [Internet] [Thesis]. The George Washington University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3518543.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Elrod AA. Environmental Regulation and Product Mix| Evidence from the Census of Manufactures. [Thesis]. The George Washington University; 2012. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3518543

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

29. Lee, Jing Fong Jennifer. Heterogeneity Among Motorists In Traffic Congested Areas In Southern California.

Degree: 2013, University of California, Davis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3555352

► Road users have heterogeneous preferences regarding travel choices, such as time-of-day to travel, routes, and willingness to carpool. Understanding the variations in preferences would… (more)

▼ Road users have heterogeneous preferences regarding travel choices, such as time-of-day to travel, routes, and willingness to carpool. Understanding the variations in preferences would allow better modeling of the temporal distribution of travel demand and the development of pricing policies. This dissertation examines the demographic and socioeconomic profiles of motorists at different times of day at six locations in southern California by using on-road remote-sensing measurements and license plates images obtained in 2007 and 2008 by the California South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). The remote sensing data provide license plate images in addition to speed, time to the second, and emissions. By matching the license plate images to California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) registration records, anonymized individual vehicle ownership records can be obtained. The missing demographic and socioeconomic profiles of vehicle owners are supplemented with census data at the spatially fine level of census block group. In contrast to person-based methods like traditional travel surveys, remote sensing methods do not track individuals' behavior over a day (or longer), but provide several advantages: 1) the precise time log of the trips; 2) fewer missing data since correct license numbers are registered for most of the vehicles passing a monitoring site; and 3) data can be acquired for any desired length of monitoring time at minimal cost. From 98 remote-sensing emissions monitoring sites, located for the SCAQMD at highway entrances and interchanges with the hope of identifying gross emitters, six sites were chosen for this dissertation for a detailed analysis. Three of these six sites were in Los Angeles County and three in Orange County. The selected sites experienced some of the worst congestion in Los Angeles and Orange counties. The neighborhoods around the study sites represent different land use characteristics, such as residential, shopping, commercial and industrial. At the six study sites, for the twelve selected days, more than 63,000 vehicles were observed. For about 20 percent of these, the license plates could not be read even after visual inspection, due to reasons such as dealer license plates, obstruction of plates by hitches, and plates being out of the field of view of the cameras. Of the recorded license plates, about 93 percent of the registration addresses had a match to existing local addresses. This study examines the 40,000 personal vehicles among those matches. By examining the speed patterns of the highway ramps at the monitoring sites, peak hours at four of the six study locations have been identified. Not all the study locations share the same peak-hours pattern, however. Among the four locations with varying speed patterns over a day, three of them were compared with the highway mainline speed data in close proximity to the study sites. The two sets of speed data show close correlations. The peak hours used in this study were based…

Subjects/Keywords: Economics, Environmental; Economics, General; Transportation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lee, J. F. J. (2013). Heterogeneity Among Motorists In Traffic Congested Areas In Southern California. (Thesis). University of California, Davis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3555352

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lee, Jing Fong Jennifer. “Heterogeneity Among Motorists In Traffic Congested Areas In Southern California.” 2013. Thesis, University of California, Davis. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3555352.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lee, Jing Fong Jennifer. “Heterogeneity Among Motorists In Traffic Congested Areas In Southern California.” 2013. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lee JFJ. Heterogeneity Among Motorists In Traffic Congested Areas In Southern California. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California, Davis; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3555352.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lee JFJ. Heterogeneity Among Motorists In Traffic Congested Areas In Southern California. [Thesis]. University of California, Davis; 2013. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3555352

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

30. Makriyannis, Christos. Biophysical causality, dual commodities, and outcome uncertainty| Implications for the stated preference valuation of coastal climate change adaptation policies.

Degree: 2017, Clark University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10256024

► This dissertation comprises of three papers that address the use of stated preference (SP) choice experiment techniques to better understand how people value the… (more)

▼ This dissertation comprises of three papers that address the use of stated preference (SP) choice experiment techniques to better understand how people value the methods and consequences of alternative climate change adaptation strategies. Specifically, it addresses two fundamental issues coastal communities face when making adaptation decisions: 1) tradeoffs between natural systems and built assets and 2) uncertainty regarding future climatic conditions. These issues pose methodological challenges for SP research, with potentially significant welfare and policy implications. The first chapter explores how survey choice scenarios should be designed to generate valid and well-defined welfare estimates given the causally related biophysical processes underlying the tradeoffs between natural systems and built assets. The second chapter explores whether and how the provision of numerical probabilities associated with future climatic conditions helps respondents make more informed choices. The final chapter investigates the implications for welfare estimation of using choice scenarios that provide multiple outcomes of the risk-related attribute compared to the two-outcome approach currently standard in the literature. Chapter 1 first presents a theoretical model that clarifies why valuation scenarios must include information on all primary ecological and protection outcomes to generate unbiased welfare estimate for coastal adaptation methods. I subsequently use valuation scenarios consistent with this theoretical model to generate welfare estimates for adaptation methods in two coastal New England towns (Old Saybrook and Waterford). This work therefore makes use of advances in the ecosystem service valuation literature to contribute to the growing SP literature that generates willingness-to-pay (WTP) estimates for climate change adaptation. I find that residents are willing to pay relatively large amounts for the protection of natural systems, even in the absence of any additional flood protection to private homes. In contrast, I find no evidence that residents are willing to pay for increased hard defenses alone, even in the absence of negative effects on natural systems. Chapter 2 contributes to a small but growing literature which finds that embedding numerical probabilities in valuation scenarios influences welfare estimates. I argue that it is not clear whether this influence is due to numerical probabilities per se or due to increased choice task complexity. To explore whether numerical probabilities alone influence welfare estimates, presumably helping respondents make more informed choices, I compare the results of one survey which provides numerical probabilities prior to valuation scenarios to those of an otherwise identical survey that altogether omits numerical probabilities. I find that the two surveys yield statistically indistinguishable WTP values. This suggests that lay individuals may not process numerical probabilities as expected by researchers, a result consistent with numerous…

Subjects/Keywords: Climate change; Environmental economics; Economics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Makriyannis, C. (2017). Biophysical causality, dual commodities, and outcome uncertainty| Implications for the stated preference valuation of coastal climate change adaptation policies. (Thesis). Clark University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10256024

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Makriyannis, Christos. “Biophysical causality, dual commodities, and outcome uncertainty| Implications for the stated preference valuation of coastal climate change adaptation policies.” 2017. Thesis, Clark University. Accessed April 11, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10256024.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Makriyannis, Christos. “Biophysical causality, dual commodities, and outcome uncertainty| Implications for the stated preference valuation of coastal climate change adaptation policies.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Makriyannis C. Biophysical causality, dual commodities, and outcome uncertainty| Implications for the stated preference valuation of coastal climate change adaptation policies. [Internet] [Thesis]. Clark University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10256024.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Makriyannis C. Biophysical causality, dual commodities, and outcome uncertainty| Implications for the stated preference valuation of coastal climate change adaptation policies. [Thesis]. Clark University; 2017. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10256024

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Open Access Theses and Dissertations