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Universidade Nova
1.
Valente, Raquel Sofia Corredoura.
Enrichment of a PHA producing microbial community in a continuous bioreactor setup.
Degree: 2014, Universidade Nova
URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/13893 
► Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biosynthetic polyesters, biodegradable and biocompatible making them of great interest for industrial purposes. The use of low value substrates with mixed microbial…
(more)
▼ Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biosynthetic polyesters, biodegradable and biocompatible making them of great interest for industrial purposes. The use of low value substrates with mixed microbial communities (MMC) is a strategy currently used to decrease the elevated PHA production costs. PHA production process requires an important step for selection and enrichment of PHA-storing microorganisms which is usually carried out in a Sequencing Batch
Reactor (SBR).
The aim of this study was to optimize the PHA accumulating culture selection stage using a 2-stage
Continuous Stirrer Tank
Reactor (CSTR) system. The system was composed by two separate feast and famine bioreactors operated continuously, mimicking the feast and famine phases in a SBR system. Acetate was used as carbon source and biomass seed was highly enriched in Plasticicumulans acidivorans obtained from activated sludge. The system was operated under two different sets of conditions (setup 1 and 2), maintaining a system total retention time of 12 hours and an OLR of 2.25 Cmmol/L.h-1. An average PHB-content of 3.3 % wt was obtained in setup 1 and 4.8% wt in setup 2. Several other experiments were performed in order to better understand the
continuous system behaviour, using biomass from the
continuous system. With the fed-batch experiment a maximum of 8.1% PHB was stored and the maximum substrate uptake and specific growth rates obtained in the growth experiment (1.15 Cmol Cmol-1.h-1 and 0.53 Cmol Cmol-1.h-1) were close to the ones from
continuous system (1.12 Cmol Cmol-1.h-1 and 0.59 Cmol Cmol-1.h-1). The microbial community was characterized trough microscopic visualization, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis and Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). The last studied performed mimicked the
continuous system by building up a SBR system with all the same operational conditions while adding an extra acetate dosage during the 12 h cycle, simulating the substrate passing from the feast to the famine reactors under
continuous operation. It was shown that possibly the
continuous system was not able to efficiently select for PHB storing organisms under the operational conditions imposed, although the selected culture was capable of consuming the substrate and grow fast. This main conclusion might have resulted from two major factors affecting the system performance: the ammonium concentration in the Feast
reactor and the amount of substrate leaching from the Feast to the Famine
reactor.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kleerebezem, Robbert, Lemos, Paulo, Marang, Leonie.
Subjects/Keywords: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs); Feast reactor; Famine reactor; Sequencing batch reactor (SBR); Continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR)
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APA (6th Edition):
Valente, R. S. C. (2014). Enrichment of a PHA producing microbial community in a continuous bioreactor setup. (Thesis). Universidade Nova. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/13893
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Valente, Raquel Sofia Corredoura. “Enrichment of a PHA producing microbial community in a continuous bioreactor setup.” 2014. Thesis, Universidade Nova. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/13893.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Valente, Raquel Sofia Corredoura. “Enrichment of a PHA producing microbial community in a continuous bioreactor setup.” 2014. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Valente RSC. Enrichment of a PHA producing microbial community in a continuous bioreactor setup. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/13893.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Valente RSC. Enrichment of a PHA producing microbial community in a continuous bioreactor setup. [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2014. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/13893
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Ottawa
2.
Plouffe, Patrick.
Micro-Reactor Design for Fast Liquid-Liquid Reactions
.
Degree: 2015, University of Ottawa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32875
► Continuous operation presents multiple advantages over batch chemistry, yet its usage in the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industry remains limited due to its complexity. A…
(more)
▼ Continuous operation presents multiple advantages over batch chemistry, yet its usage in the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industry remains limited due to its complexity.
A holistic tool-box approach for process development is presented to facilitate technology transfer. Reaction kinetics and reacting phases were taken into consideration for the selection of the most appropriate reactor module and operating conditions.
A micro-reactor was then more specifically developed for fast liquid-liquid reactions. The effect of physical properties was investigated in a serpentine micro-reactor using a reactive liquid-liquid extraction and different organic solvents (n-butanol, n-hexanol, MTBE and toluene). The generated droplets yielded a specific interfacial area of 104-105 m2/m3, compared to ~102 m2/m3 with conventional equipment. Two models were developed to predict the mass transfer rates for other reactive systems.
Further, the effect of geometry was investigated with five different micro-reactors using either curvature-based or obstacle-based micro-mixers. Curvature-based micro-mixers promoted the undesired parallel flow pattern due to stabilizing centrifugal forces, while obstacle-based micro-mixers avoided it.
A scale-up approach was finally proposed on a micro-reactor using an optimized micro-mixer. The mass transfer coefficients in a small-scale (1.5-15 mL/min) and a large-scale (12.5-125 mL/min) systems were compared and demonstrated its validity.
The obtained results allowed the prediction, the optimization, and the scaling of performance for liquid-liquid systems in the context of process development from molecular discovery to clinical trials and pilot scale production.
Subjects/Keywords: Micro-Reactor;
Multiphase;
Continuous Flow;
Pharmaceutical
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APA (6th Edition):
Plouffe, P. (2015). Micro-Reactor Design for Fast Liquid-Liquid Reactions
. (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32875
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Plouffe, Patrick. “Micro-Reactor Design for Fast Liquid-Liquid Reactions
.” 2015. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32875.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Plouffe, Patrick. “Micro-Reactor Design for Fast Liquid-Liquid Reactions
.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Plouffe P. Micro-Reactor Design for Fast Liquid-Liquid Reactions
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32875.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Plouffe P. Micro-Reactor Design for Fast Liquid-Liquid Reactions
. [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32875
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Minnesota
3.
Pearce, Benjamin.
Nonthermal plasma synthesis of aluminum nanoparticles.
Degree: M.S.M.E., Mechanical Engineering, 2017, University of Minnesota
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/191241
► Aluminum nanoparticles are an intriguing material because of their high reactivity and high energy density, making them ideal for propellant materials such as rocket fuel.…
(more)
▼ Aluminum nanoparticles are an intriguing material because of their high reactivity and high energy density, making them ideal for propellant materials such as rocket fuel. In addition, nanoaluminum is also a promising abundant, low cost material for plasmonic applications with a plasmonic response that can extend from the visible region of the light spectrum down to ultraviolet wavelengths of light. Nonthermal plasmas are a promising tool for synthesizing nanocrystalline materials without the need for high temperatures or solvents. Their ability to add electrons to the surface of nanoparticles within the plasma helps reduce agglomeration and form aerosols with tighter size distributions than other competing aerosol synthesis techniques. Nanoparticles containing crystalline elemental aluminum were synthesized using a nonthermal plasma containing trimethylaluminum (TMA) vapor, argon and hydrogen gases. The percentage of hydrogen flowing with respect to total gas flow was required to be at least 70% in order to form crystalline aluminum. In addition the ratio of H2 to TMA flow rates needed to be a minimum of 60. 7% of the nanoparticles' aluminum atoms were in elemental aluminum form with the remaining ones in the form of alumina (Al2O3) or an aluminum hydroxide according characterization by air-free X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Air-free X-ray diffraction of the nanoparticles indicated the average crystallite size of the elemental aluminum in the particles was on the other of a few nanometers.
Subjects/Keywords: Aluminum nanoparticles; Continuous flow reactor; Nonthermal plasma
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APA (6th Edition):
Pearce, B. (2017). Nonthermal plasma synthesis of aluminum nanoparticles. (Masters Thesis). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/191241
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pearce, Benjamin. “Nonthermal plasma synthesis of aluminum nanoparticles.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Minnesota. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11299/191241.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pearce, Benjamin. “Nonthermal plasma synthesis of aluminum nanoparticles.” 2017. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Pearce B. Nonthermal plasma synthesis of aluminum nanoparticles. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/191241.
Council of Science Editors:
Pearce B. Nonthermal plasma synthesis of aluminum nanoparticles. [Masters Thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/191241
University of Bath
4.
Scott, C. Daniel.
Bridging the gap in sustainable continuous chemicals manufacture : integrating upstream synthesis and downstream crystallisation.
Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Bath
URL: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/bridging-the-gap-in-sustainable-continuous-chemicals-manufacture-integrating-upstream-synthesis-and-downstream-crystallisation(7c98e99c-576e-49c0-a173-609b266b6dba).html
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.809723
► Continuous manufacturing (CM) is effective for sustainable chemical manufacture, but production of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals requires complex, multi-step procedures often carried out in batch.…
(more)
▼ Continuous manufacturing (CM) is effective for sustainable chemical manufacture, but production of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals requires complex, multi-step procedures often carried out in batch. Gaps in the CM supply chain, such as between upstream flow synthesis and downstream continuous crystallisation form a major bottleneck in the take-up of CM. The motivation for the research presented in this thesis was to demonstrate integrated CM of pharmaceuticals and multi-component complexes. The oximation of 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4HAP) to 4-hydroxyacetophenone oxime (4- HAPO) and subsequent Beckmann rearrangement of 4HAPO to paracetamol (PCM) was investigated. A one-pot method was transferred to flow using a packed bed column, but leaching into the feed limited downstream integration. A two-step approach was transferred into flow to give 4HAPO and PCM respectively. Synthesis of 4HAPO was integrated with a compact flow crystalliser with partial success, while a semi-batch approach showed 4HAPO could be directly crystallised from the flow synthesis effluent. The catalytic flow hydration of pyrazinecarbonitrile (PyCN) to the drug pyrazinamide (PZA) was integrated with the segmented flow kinetically regulated automated input crystalliser (KRAIC). A cooling step introduced controlled nucleation and resulted in a five-fold reduction in crystal size. The crystallisation technique selectively formed the γ-PZA polymorph from the aqueous solution without the need for additives. Production of multi-component complexes, 4-bromo-2-methylaniline (4Br2MA):3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (35DNBA) and 4-iodo-2-methylaniline (4I2MA):35DNBA, was investigated using antisolvent crystallisation. Crystallisation of 4Br2MA:35DNBA was transferred into a segmented flow crystalliser and off-line isolation of the precipitate allowed characterisation of 4Br2MA:35DNBA crystals. A novel form of 4I2MA:35DNBA was isolated and characterised from batch crystallisation experiments. Thermal analysis of the thermochromic behaviour of the cocrystals showed that the single-crystal-to- single-crystal (SCSC) phase transition may be enabled by water in the bulk sample. Two flow crystallisers (a tubular mixer reactor and a periodic withdrawal, continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system) were evaluated for production of a commercial active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) salt. Crystallisation in the tubular mixer reactor was effective only for short periods at high velocity flow rates. Crystallisation in the CSTRs successfully operated for twelve residence times (RTs); with a 70 % yield of the API salt. The API salt formed spherical agglomerates in flow which showed higher uniformity and lower cake resistance compared to the batch sample.
Subjects/Keywords: Continuous flow reactor; Crystallisation; Continuous crystallisation; Process development; Flow Synthesis
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APA (6th Edition):
Scott, C. D. (2020). Bridging the gap in sustainable continuous chemicals manufacture : integrating upstream synthesis and downstream crystallisation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Bath. Retrieved from https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/bridging-the-gap-in-sustainable-continuous-chemicals-manufacture-integrating-upstream-synthesis-and-downstream-crystallisation(7c98e99c-576e-49c0-a173-609b266b6dba).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.809723
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Scott, C Daniel. “Bridging the gap in sustainable continuous chemicals manufacture : integrating upstream synthesis and downstream crystallisation.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bath. Accessed January 16, 2021.
https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/bridging-the-gap-in-sustainable-continuous-chemicals-manufacture-integrating-upstream-synthesis-and-downstream-crystallisation(7c98e99c-576e-49c0-a173-609b266b6dba).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.809723.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Scott, C Daniel. “Bridging the gap in sustainable continuous chemicals manufacture : integrating upstream synthesis and downstream crystallisation.” 2020. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Scott CD. Bridging the gap in sustainable continuous chemicals manufacture : integrating upstream synthesis and downstream crystallisation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Bath; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/bridging-the-gap-in-sustainable-continuous-chemicals-manufacture-integrating-upstream-synthesis-and-downstream-crystallisation(7c98e99c-576e-49c0-a173-609b266b6dba).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.809723.
Council of Science Editors:
Scott CD. Bridging the gap in sustainable continuous chemicals manufacture : integrating upstream synthesis and downstream crystallisation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Bath; 2020. Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/bridging-the-gap-in-sustainable-continuous-chemicals-manufacture-integrating-upstream-synthesis-and-downstream-crystallisation(7c98e99c-576e-49c0-a173-609b266b6dba).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.809723
University of Bath
5.
Al Badran, Firas.
Reactor design : compact and catalytic for speciality chemicals.
Degree: PhD, 2011, University of Bath
URL: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/reactor-design-compact-and-catalytic-for-speciality-chemicals(e6dbdcc1-e46a-48ff-9ddc-aa10991c7c56).html
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.545331
► When speciality chemicals are manufactured within the pharmaceutical industry, they are often produced in stirred batch/semi-batch reactors. A ‘methodology’ was explored, to help with the…
(more)
▼ When speciality chemicals are manufactured within the pharmaceutical industry, they are often produced in stirred batch/semi-batch reactors. A ‘methodology’ was explored, to help with the development of continuous fixed-bed catalytic reactors for this sector. This was tested on two different types of model reactions: (a) In the first, the viability of producing tertiary amines via ‘borrowing hydrogen’ was explored, and the reaction of morpholine and benzyl alcohol was studied, on Ru and Pt catalysts. This provided an opportunity for an early involvement in small-scale batch testing of catalysts, and then experiments were performed with the catalyst supported on granules in a packed bed (i.d. = 7 mm, length = 300 mm). Although it was shown that continuous processing is viable, and that high conversions (e.g. 73 to 98%, at 150 ºC) could be achieved, unfortunately further work was necessary to identify a more robust catalyst system, before moving on to pilot-scale trials. (b) In the second, the partial oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde was studied, using a Pt catalyst on a carbon support. This proved to be successful, and the reaction was finally demonstrated at pilot-scale. Carbon monoliths were used as catalyst supports (monolith o.d. = 19 mm; length = 50 mm long; square 0.7 mm x 0.7 mm channels; catalyst loading 2.5 and 2.7 wt% Pt). With a liquid flow of 1 L h-1 and a reactant concentration of ~1 mol L-1, operating at 110 ºC, conversion ranged from 80 to 90% and selectivity from 65 to 99%. The catalyst system was tested for 160 h of operation, and retained its performance. While testing the 2nd reaction, a pilot-scale reactor was also developed, which could be used for a variety of novel reactions. The design was flexible and it was easy to insert and remove the catalytic monoliths.
Subjects/Keywords: 660.2832; Continuous flow reactor; pharmaceutical industry; N-Alkylation; oxidation
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APA (6th Edition):
Al Badran, F. (2011). Reactor design : compact and catalytic for speciality chemicals. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Bath. Retrieved from https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/reactor-design-compact-and-catalytic-for-speciality-chemicals(e6dbdcc1-e46a-48ff-9ddc-aa10991c7c56).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.545331
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Al Badran, Firas. “Reactor design : compact and catalytic for speciality chemicals.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bath. Accessed January 16, 2021.
https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/reactor-design-compact-and-catalytic-for-speciality-chemicals(e6dbdcc1-e46a-48ff-9ddc-aa10991c7c56).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.545331.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Al Badran, Firas. “Reactor design : compact and catalytic for speciality chemicals.” 2011. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Al Badran F. Reactor design : compact and catalytic for speciality chemicals. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Bath; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/reactor-design-compact-and-catalytic-for-speciality-chemicals(e6dbdcc1-e46a-48ff-9ddc-aa10991c7c56).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.545331.
Council of Science Editors:
Al Badran F. Reactor design : compact and catalytic for speciality chemicals. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Bath; 2011. Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/reactor-design-compact-and-catalytic-for-speciality-chemicals(e6dbdcc1-e46a-48ff-9ddc-aa10991c7c56).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.545331
6.
Mongeon, Sébastien.
Active and Passive Mixing for Immiscible Liquid-Liquid Systems: A Performance Evaluation of Novel Micro-Reactors
.
Degree: 2018, University of Ottawa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37089
► Continuous flow reaction using micro-reactors is a valued technology due to its excellent mass and heat transfer performance, reduced reactor volume, handling capacity of hazardous…
(more)
▼ Continuous flow reaction using micro-reactors is a valued technology due to its excellent mass and heat transfer performance, reduced reactor volume, handling capacity of hazardous reactions, and many other process intensifications. These intensifications opportunities interest the fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals producers and other multiphase reaction users who currently use batch processes or already use continuous flow. In this thesis, elements of passive and active mixing are investigated for the application of immiscible liquid-liquid systems.
In the first study, the effects of geometrical arrangements of a residence time between mixing units on the interphase mass transfer rates are evaluated with four different immiscible liquid-liquid systems. A presentation of an algorithm for the optimal selection of a reactor and its operating conditions is given in order to enable easy and improved use of one’s micro-reactor.
In the second study, the impact of a secondary pulse flow on interphase mass transfer is investigated. A coil without internal baffles is used as the oscillatory-flow coil reactor with a continuous active mixing source. The best application for the reactor is determined using a comparison to other complementary continuous flow platforms in the toolbox approach.
The novel advancements presented here will help lead new molecular discoveries and connect the laboratory science scale to the process engineering production scale.
Subjects/Keywords: micro-reactor;
active mixing;
passive mixing;
liquid-liquid;
mass transfer rate;
oscillatory flow;
continuous flow reactor
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APA (6th Edition):
Mongeon, S. (2018). Active and Passive Mixing for Immiscible Liquid-Liquid Systems: A Performance Evaluation of Novel Micro-Reactors
. (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37089
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mongeon, Sébastien. “Active and Passive Mixing for Immiscible Liquid-Liquid Systems: A Performance Evaluation of Novel Micro-Reactors
.” 2018. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37089.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mongeon, Sébastien. “Active and Passive Mixing for Immiscible Liquid-Liquid Systems: A Performance Evaluation of Novel Micro-Reactors
.” 2018. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Mongeon S. Active and Passive Mixing for Immiscible Liquid-Liquid Systems: A Performance Evaluation of Novel Micro-Reactors
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37089.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Mongeon S. Active and Passive Mixing for Immiscible Liquid-Liquid Systems: A Performance Evaluation of Novel Micro-Reactors
. [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37089
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
7.
Priscila Lane Lemos Teixeira.
GaseificaÃÃo do Glicerol a Vapor em Leito Fixo e Meio Poroso NÃo CatalÃtico e CÃlculo do BalanÃo EnergÃtico
.
Degree: Master, 2012, Universidade Federal do Ceará
URL: http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8937
;
► Como o processo de gaseificaÃÃo do glicerol adquire um balanÃo energÃtico desfavorÃvel, Ã sugerida a operaÃÃo de um gaseificador como dispositivo de heat recovery. Nesse…
(more)
▼ Como o processo de gaseificaÃÃo do glicerol adquire um balanÃo energÃtico desfavorÃvel, Ã sugerida a operaÃÃo de um gaseificador como dispositivo de heat recovery. Nesse contexto,
um reator de leito fixo à operado com gases de exaustÃo a uma temperatura de 820ÂC como fonte de energia e injeÃÃo eletrÃnica contÃnua de glicerol e Ãgua. O reator de leito fixo foi
construÃdo com aÃo inox AISI 310 e com capacidade volumÃtrica de 3,73 litros e como material poroso do leito a alumina com 1,5 mm de diÃmetro. O experimento utilizou termopar do tipo K, sensor de pressÃo piezoresistivo e controle de vazÃo mÃssica com sensor de alta precisÃo do tipo Coriolis. A composiÃÃo dos gases do produto, a demanda energÃtica da
gaseificaÃÃo e a eficiÃncia global do processo foram analisadas em funÃÃo da temperatura variando de 600 a 800 ÂC e a percentagem de glicerol na mistura variando de 30 a 90%. Para
determinar a viabilidade do projeto foi realizado um estudo energÃtico do processo utilizando o software EES (Engineering Equation Solver). Apesar de o reator ter sido construÃdo com
pequenas dimensÃes o objetivo do trabalho à obter resultados qualitativos para a gaseificaÃÃo do glicerol com praticidade, sem variÃveis de risco e dificuldades envolvidas em sistemas de
grande porte. O experimento mostrou uma boa conversÃo dos produtos em hidrogÃnio com valores acima de 50% em 750ÂC e proporÃÃo de 70% de glicerol em Ãgua e um gasto energÃtico de 36 MJ/g com uma eficiÃncia do processo prÃxima a 100%.
As the gasification process of glycerol acquires an unfavorable energy balance, the operation of a gasifier in heat recovery mode is suggested. In this context, a fixed bed reactor was operated with exhaust gases at a temperature of 820ÂC as energy source and continuous
electronic injection of glycerol and water. The fixed bed reactor was build with AISI 310 stainless steel and counted with a volumetric capacity of 3,713 liters and alumina with 1,5mm of diameter as the material of the porous bed. The experiments used K type thermocouples, piezoresistive pressure sensors and mass flow control based on a high
precision Coriolis sensor. The exhaust gases composition, the energy demand for gasification and the overall efficiency of the process were analyzed in a temperature range from 600 to 800ÂC and a glycerol percentage at the mixture ranging from 30 to 90%. To determine the
viability of the project, an energy study of the process was performed using the software EES (Engineering Equation Solver). Although the reactor was built using small dimensions, the objective of this work is to obtain qualitative results for the gasification of glycerol with
practicality, without risk variables and difficulties involved in large systems. The experiment showed a good conversion of products in hydrogen, presenting a conversion above 50% at a temperature of 750ÂC and with a proportion of 70% of glycerol in water and an energy waste of 36MJ/g with gasification efficiency nearby 100%.
Advisors/Committee Members: Paulo Alexandre Costa Rocha, Andrà Valente Bueno, Daniel Albiero.
Subjects/Keywords: ENGENHARIA MECANICA; Energia alternativa; Biodiesel; BiocombustÃvel; BalanÃo energÃtico; gasification; glycerol; reactor; continuous flow; energy balance
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APA (6th Edition):
Teixeira, P. L. L. (2012). GaseificaÃÃo do Glicerol a Vapor em Leito Fixo e Meio Poroso NÃo CatalÃtico e CÃlculo do BalanÃo EnergÃtico
. (Masters Thesis). Universidade Federal do Ceará. Retrieved from http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8937 ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Teixeira, Priscila Lane Lemos. “GaseificaÃÃo do Glicerol a Vapor em Leito Fixo e Meio Poroso NÃo CatalÃtico e CÃlculo do BalanÃo EnergÃtico
.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8937 ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Teixeira, Priscila Lane Lemos. “GaseificaÃÃo do Glicerol a Vapor em Leito Fixo e Meio Poroso NÃo CatalÃtico e CÃlculo do BalanÃo EnergÃtico
.” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Teixeira PLL. GaseificaÃÃo do Glicerol a Vapor em Leito Fixo e Meio Poroso NÃo CatalÃtico e CÃlculo do BalanÃo EnergÃtico
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universidade Federal do Ceará 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8937 ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Teixeira PLL. GaseificaÃÃo do Glicerol a Vapor em Leito Fixo e Meio Poroso NÃo CatalÃtico e CÃlculo do BalanÃo EnergÃtico
. [Masters Thesis]. Universidade Federal do Ceará 2012. Available from: http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8937 ;
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
8.
Muga, Julius N’gon’ga.
Design and implementation of IEC 61499 standard-based nonlinear controllers using functional block programming in distributed control platform
.
Degree: 2015, Cape Peninsula University of Technology
URL: http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2381
► Majority of the industrial systems encountered are significantly non-linear in nature, so if they are synthesised and designed by linear methods, then some of salient…
(more)
▼ Majority of the industrial systems encountered are significantly non-linear in nature, so if they are synthesised and designed by linear methods, then some of salient features characterising of their performance may not be captured. Therefore designing a control system that captures the nonlinearities is important. This research focuses on the control design strategies for the Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) process. To control such a process a careful design strategy is required because of the nonlinearities, loop interaction and the potentially unstable dynamics characterizing the system. In these systems, linear control methods alone may not perform satisfactorily. Three different control design strategies (Dynamic decoupling, Decentralized and Input-output feedback linearization controller) are proposed and implemented .in the Matlab/Simulink platform and the developed strategies are then deployed to the design of distributed automation control system configuration using the IEC 61499 standard based functional block programming language. Twin CAT 3.1 system real-time and Matlab/Simulink (www.mathworks.com) environment are used to test the effectiveness of the models The simulation results from the investigation done between Simulink and TwinCAT 3 software (Beckhoff Automation) platforms in the case of the model transformation and closed loop simulation of the process for the considered cases have shown the suitability and the potentials of merging the Matlab/Simulink control function blocks into the TwinCAT 3.1 function blocks in real-time. The merits derived from such integration imply that the existing software and software components can be re-used. This is in line with one of the IEC 6144 standard requirements such as portability and interoperability. Similarly, the simplification of programming applications is greatly achieved. The investigation has also shown that the integration the of Matlab/Simulink models running in the TwinCAT 3.1 PLC do not need any modification, hence confirming that the TwinCAT 3.1 development platform can be used for the design and implementation of controllers from different platforms. Also, based on the steps required for model transformation the between the Matlab/Simulink to the TwinCAT 3 functional blocks, the algorithms of the control design methodologies developed, simulation results are used to verify the suitability of the controls to find whether the effective set-point tracking control and disturbance effect minimisation for the output variables can be achieved in real-time using the transformed Simulink blocks to the TwinCAT 3 functional blocks, then downloaded to the Beckhoff CX5020 PLC for real-time execution. Good set-point tracking control is achieved for the MIMO closed loop nonlinear CSTR process for the considered cases of the developed control methodologies. Similarly, the effects of disturbances are investigated. TwinCAT functional modules achieved good set-point tracking with these disturbances minimization under all the cases considered.
Subjects/Keywords: IEC 61499;
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor;
TwinCAT 3;
Nonlinear control theory;
System design
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MLA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Muga, J. N. (2015). Design and implementation of IEC 61499 standard-based nonlinear controllers using functional block programming in distributed control platform
. (Thesis). Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Retrieved from http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2381
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Muga, Julius N’gon’ga. “Design and implementation of IEC 61499 standard-based nonlinear controllers using functional block programming in distributed control platform
.” 2015. Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2381.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Muga, Julius N’gon’ga. “Design and implementation of IEC 61499 standard-based nonlinear controllers using functional block programming in distributed control platform
.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Muga JN. Design and implementation of IEC 61499 standard-based nonlinear controllers using functional block programming in distributed control platform
. [Internet] [Thesis]. Cape Peninsula University of Technology; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2381.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Muga JN. Design and implementation of IEC 61499 standard-based nonlinear controllers using functional block programming in distributed control platform
. [Thesis]. Cape Peninsula University of Technology; 2015. Available from: http://etd.cput.ac.za/handle/20.500.11838/2381
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Anna University
9.
Kamala N.
Studies in modeling and design of controllers for a
nonideal continuous stirred tank reactor;.
Degree: Modeling and design of controllers, 2013, Anna University
URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/10304
► A Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) is one of the most important unit operations in chemical industries which exhibits a highly nonlinear behaviour and usually…
(more)
▼ A Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) is one of
the most important unit operations in chemical industries which
exhibits a highly nonlinear behaviour and usually has wide
operating ranges. Unfortunately, in the real world, the behaviour
of the CSTR is very different from that expected from the ideal
CSTR. From the literature review, it is observed that the modeling
and control of an ideal reactor has been extensively studied. Hence
the objective of the present work is to derive a mathematical model
for a nonideal CSTR and investigate a suitable control strategy for
the reactor system. In the present work, the mathematical modeling
and closed loop studies are carried out for a CSTR under ideal and
nonideal mixing conditions. In the present work, the performance of
the ideal CSTR with decoupling control scheme is found to be better
than that of decentralized control scheme. The objective function
for tuning the controller is to minimize the Integral Square Error.
Both servo and regulatory responses are studied for all the control
schemes using MATLAB. The quantitative error measures ISE and IAE
associated with the responses have been determined. From the
simulation studies, it is seen that the decoupling control scheme
provides better results than the decentralized control scheme for
the ideal CSTR. Accordingly, the thesis consists of six chapters.
The major findings of the present work include Formulation of
mathematical model of a nonideal CSTR from the modeling equations
of an ideal CSTR; Fuzzy gain scheduled GA based multivariable
control scheme of the CSTR provides better set point tracking and
load disturbance rejection than the conventional control scheme;
The closed loop performance of the real CSTR is improved by
incorporating the effects due to nonideal mixing in the CSTR model
and implementing the fuzzy gain scheduled GA based multivariable
PID control schemes on the real CSTR. newline
None
Advisors/Committee Members: Thyagarajan, T..
Subjects/Keywords: Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor; MATLAB; Integral
Square Error; genetic algorithm; mathematical model; nonideal
CSTR
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APA (6th Edition):
N, K. (2013). Studies in modeling and design of controllers for a
nonideal continuous stirred tank reactor;. (Thesis). Anna University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/10304
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
N, Kamala. “Studies in modeling and design of controllers for a
nonideal continuous stirred tank reactor;.” 2013. Thesis, Anna University. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/10304.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
N, Kamala. “Studies in modeling and design of controllers for a
nonideal continuous stirred tank reactor;.” 2013. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
N K. Studies in modeling and design of controllers for a
nonideal continuous stirred tank reactor;. [Internet] [Thesis]. Anna University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/10304.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
N K. Studies in modeling and design of controllers for a
nonideal continuous stirred tank reactor;. [Thesis]. Anna University; 2013. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/10304
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Guelph
10.
Tushar, Mohammad Shahed Hasan Khan.
Hydrothermal Gasification of Low Grade Biomass at Supercritical Condition.
Degree: PhD, Engineering, 2016, University of Guelph
URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/9584
► Hydrogen is considered the cleanest fuel as it does not create any pollution during combustion. However, hydrogen is not readily available in nature as a…
(more)
▼ Hydrogen is considered the cleanest fuel as it does not create any pollution during combustion. However, hydrogen is not readily available in nature as a primary energy source, but a secondary energy generated from the primary energy sources via various conversion processes. Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) process in contrast to the conventional gasification process does not require biomass drying, and rather it uses the moisture and external water in the reaction. In this study an effort was made to introduce a novel dual-metal dual-support catalyst for the first time for supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of biomass. Besides, in this study, kinetic study of the process described through mechanistic models using elementary steps is proposed to determine the rate determining step (RDS). Simulation of the SCWG of model biomass (glucose and mixture of phenol and furfural) was performed using AspenPlus® in order to justify the experimental scheme. Ten catalysts were prepared and tested using 5wt% glucose to screen the best catalyst in terms of hydrogen yield. Pressure was kept constant 25 MPa since, according to the literature and the simulation study performed in this study, pressure does not have any significant effect on product yield. It was found that novel 10%Ni-0.08%Ru/Al2O3-ZrO2 catalyst showed highest hydrogen yield and carbon gasification efficiency for not only model biomass but also for real biomass biocrudes. Stability test also suggests that this novel catalyst can run for a longer period of time without any loss in performance in terms of hydrogen yield. However, the SEM-EDX and TGA study showed evidence of the formation of char on the spent catalyst. Two different approaches were used to liquefy raw biomass. It was also observed that biocrude preparation method also affects the product yield and performance of the catalyst. This study also used mechanistic models with elementary steps to describe the kinetics of the SCWG of biomass for the first time. It was observed that an Eley-Rideal based adsorbed carbohydrate dissociation that required two active sites of a catalyst was the slowest step and thusly termed as the rate determining step. It was also found that comparing the carbon gasification efficiency, the supercritical water gasification process reaches equilibrium even at a lower temperature and at a higher feed concentration in the presence of catalyst while the real biomass biocrudes were used.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dutta, Animesh (advisor), Xu, Chunbao (Charles) (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Hydrogen; Biomass; Supercritical Water Gasification; Liquefaction; Catalyst; Rate Determining Step; Biocrude; Continuous Flow Reactor
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APA (6th Edition):
Tushar, M. S. H. K. (2016). Hydrothermal Gasification of Low Grade Biomass at Supercritical Condition. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/9584
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tushar, Mohammad Shahed Hasan Khan. “Hydrothermal Gasification of Low Grade Biomass at Supercritical Condition.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Guelph. Accessed January 16, 2021.
https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/9584.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tushar, Mohammad Shahed Hasan Khan. “Hydrothermal Gasification of Low Grade Biomass at Supercritical Condition.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Tushar MSHK. Hydrothermal Gasification of Low Grade Biomass at Supercritical Condition. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/9584.
Council of Science Editors:
Tushar MSHK. Hydrothermal Gasification of Low Grade Biomass at Supercritical Condition. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2016. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/9584
11.
ALENCAR, Bruna Cabral de.
Influência da dinâmica de sorção/dessorção na biodegradação anaeróbia do alquilbezeno linear sulfonado
.
Degree: 2015, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
URL: https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17246
► O LAS é um tensoativo usado na fabricação de produtos de limpeza, sendo sua degradação no tratamento aeróbio altamente eficaz. Todavia, em ambientes anaeróbios, sua…
(more)
▼ O LAS é um tensoativo usado na fabricação de produtos de limpeza, sendo sua degradação no tratamento aeróbio altamente eficaz. Todavia, em ambientes anaeróbios, sua biodegradação depende de vários fatores, como a composição e concentração de alguns compostos dos esgotos. Por isso, as eficiências de degradação do LAS neste ambiente são distintas, variando de 0 a 78%. No Brasil, devido a uma carência na área do saneamento, alternativas mais baratas para o tratamento de esgoto estão sendo amplamente utilizadas. Os reatores anaeróbios do tipo UASB são um exemplo destas alternativas, devido a sua alta eficiência de remoção de matéria orgânica. Entretanto, atualmente em uma estação de tratamento de esgoto, o objetivo não é apenas a matéria orgânica de fácil degradação, mas também compostos recalcitrantes e nutrientes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo aplicar em um reator contínuo, alimentado com esgoto real, um modelo de otimização, realizado em laboratório com regime em batelada, para verificar reprodutibilidade da influência de alguns parâmetros na dinâmica de sorção/dessorção do LAS em reatores utilizados em estações de tratamento de esgoto convencionais. Foram realizados dois experimentos. O experimentoI foi o monitoramento de um reator UASB em escala de laboratório. Este reator era alimentado com esgoto de uma estação de tratamento real, ETE Mangueira. Alterações no afluente foram realizadas para proporcionar a adsorção do LAS na biomassa. O pH foi ajustado para 6. Seguindo um planejamento fatorial 2K, o reator foi operado em 4 fases alterando a concentração de óleo, entre 0 e 5 g/L e a oxigenação ou não do LAS. O experimento II foi um teste de laboratório de adsorção e de dessorção, utilizando a mesma biomassa do reator do primeiro experimento. Foram submetidas diferentes concentrações de LAS (10, 20 e 100 mg/L), e diferentes tempos de mistura. Durante o período de operação, observou-se a ocorrência de adsorção e dessorção do LAS no lodo, bem como biodegradação, quando a adsorção foi baixa; as eficiências de degradação do LAS total nas diversas fases experimentais variaram de 0 a 33%. Os homólogos C12 e C13 foram os que sofreram maior degradação durante todo período de operação, com eficiências de 42 e 57% de sua massa inicial, respectivamente, na fase com alteração apenas do pH; o C13 foi o homólogo de maior taxa de adsorção, 97% de sua massa inicial. Isto ocorreu quando a concentração de óleo foi de 5 g/L e não foi realizado aeração do LAS. No teste de adsorção, os resultados obtidos mostraram que a adsorção na biomassa seca depende da disponibilidade de LAS no líquido. No teste de dessorção o comportamento de liberação de LAS no meio aquoso foi lento. Os testes mostraram capacidade reversível da adsorção do LAS, comprovando que a dinâmica de adsorção e dessorção do LAS no reator depende da composição do meio líquido e da forma de operação do reator, e que sua indisponibilidade no meio solúvel impede a degradação. Logo, o processo de adsorção inibe a degradação do LAS em ambientes anaeróbios e os resultados obtidos…
Advisors/Committee Members: KATO, Mário Takayuki (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Surfactante;
Tensoativos aniônicos;
LAS;
Reator contínuo;
Reator UASB;
Surfactant;
Anionic surfactants;
Continuous reactor
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APA (6th Edition):
ALENCAR, B. C. d. (2015). Influência da dinâmica de sorção/dessorção na biodegradação anaeróbia do alquilbezeno linear sulfonado
. (Masters Thesis). Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Retrieved from https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17246
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
ALENCAR, Bruna Cabral de. “Influência da dinâmica de sorção/dessorção na biodegradação anaeróbia do alquilbezeno linear sulfonado
.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Accessed January 16, 2021.
https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17246.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
ALENCAR, Bruna Cabral de. “Influência da dinâmica de sorção/dessorção na biodegradação anaeróbia do alquilbezeno linear sulfonado
.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
ALENCAR BCd. Influência da dinâmica de sorção/dessorção na biodegradação anaeróbia do alquilbezeno linear sulfonado
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17246.
Council of Science Editors:
ALENCAR BCd. Influência da dinâmica de sorção/dessorção na biodegradação anaeróbia do alquilbezeno linear sulfonado
. [Masters Thesis]. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; 2015. Available from: https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17246
KTH
12.
Amatya, Anjali.
Study on Process Performance and Evaluation of Dala Vatten’s Two Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants.
Degree: Land and Water Resources Engineering, 2016, KTH
URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190605
► Dala Vatten AB has been operating two municipal wastewater treatment plant namely Gagnef wastewater treatment plant and Tällberg wastewater treatment plant since 1970’s and…
(more)
▼ Dala Vatten AB has been operating two municipal wastewater treatment plant namely Gagnef wastewater treatment plant and Tällberg wastewater treatment plant since 1970’s and 1950’s respectively in Dalarna, middle of Sweden. These both traditional treatment plants have been updated with continuous and intermittent aerated biological treatment facilities: Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) in 2012 and 2007 respectively. Recently, more detailed process performance and evaluation of both plants is required focusing on energy consumption. The objective of this master thesis is thus to investigate the opportunities in reducing energy consumption from both plants to save operation cost, identify the opportunities for chemical saving, if possible reduce the excess sludge so produced from the plant and potential optimization of the process for its plant’s sustainability. The laboratory study was made in May and August, 2015 with grab sampling and flow proportional sampling method. The analysation was carried out with several wastewater parameters: BOD7, COD, TOC, TP, NH4-N and TN with Hach Lange analysing method. Results showed that both continue and intermittent aerated plants have higher process performance with lower effluent organic (BOD7, COD) and TP loading to the recipient. Gagnef WWTP with continuous aeration has demonstrated an excessive use of chemical, sludge production and high-energy consumption by the blower serving MBBR during the studied period. By contrast, Tällberg WWTP with intermittent aeration has proved to be successful in terms of lower energy consumption by the blower serving the MBBR but failed to show improved specific energy efficiency for each pollutant load during the studied period. The recommendation in improvising energy saving and saving operation cost at both treatment plants was put forward.
Subjects/Keywords: Moving bed biofilm reactor; intermittent aeration; continuous aeration; Gagnef WWTP; Tällberg WWTP
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Amatya, A. (2016). Study on Process Performance and Evaluation of Dala Vatten’s Two Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190605
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Amatya, Anjali. “Study on Process Performance and Evaluation of Dala Vatten’s Two Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants.” 2016. Thesis, KTH. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190605.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Amatya, Anjali. “Study on Process Performance and Evaluation of Dala Vatten’s Two Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Amatya A. Study on Process Performance and Evaluation of Dala Vatten’s Two Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190605.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Amatya A. Study on Process Performance and Evaluation of Dala Vatten’s Two Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants. [Thesis]. KTH; 2016. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190605
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Ottawa
13.
Li, Aotian.
Development of Biocatalytic Nanofibrous Membranes Using Different Modification Approaches for Continuous Proteolytic Reactors
.
Degree: 2020, University of Ottawa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40473
► Biocatalytic membranes (BMs) have promising applications in a diversity of fields including food, pharmaceutical and water treatment industries. Of particular relevance, Alcalase is a commercially…
(more)
▼ Biocatalytic membranes (BMs) have promising applications in a diversity of fields including food, pharmaceutical and water treatment industries. Of particular relevance, Alcalase is a commercially important protease that has been applied for the production of peptides from the hydrolysis of proteins. In this study, two different approaches were applied for the modification of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membranes (EPNMs) for Alcalase immobilization. The first approach is alkali modification of EPNMs followed by EDC/NHS coupling for covalent bonding with Alcalase, whereas the other is based on polydopamine coating with or without glutaraldehyde grafting as a covalent linker. Immobilized Alcalase on these prepared BMs were studied and compared with free enzymes. It was found that the stabilities of Alcalase on BMs created using both approaches were improved, which enabled their reuse of 10 cycles with significant retention of enzymatic activity. A continuous reactor housing BMs were tested for hydrolysis of both model substrate, azo-casein and soybean meal protein (SMP). It was found that decreasing flux could improve the extent of hydrolysis and that a single-layer reactor can hydrolyze about 50% of the substrate to peptides with the molecular weight of 10 kDa or less. Hydrolysis of SMPs was demonstrated in a continuous five-layer BM reactor and both BMs showed excellent hydrolysis capacity. This study provides the groundwork for the development of high-efficiency BM for continuous and cost-effective protein hydrolysis for the production of value-added peptides.
Subjects/Keywords: Biocatalytic Membrane;
Enzyme Immobilization;
Electrospun PAN Nanofibrous Membrane;
Protein Hydrolysis;
Continuous Reactor
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Li, A. (2020). Development of Biocatalytic Nanofibrous Membranes Using Different Modification Approaches for Continuous Proteolytic Reactors
. (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40473
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Li, Aotian. “Development of Biocatalytic Nanofibrous Membranes Using Different Modification Approaches for Continuous Proteolytic Reactors
.” 2020. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40473.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Li, Aotian. “Development of Biocatalytic Nanofibrous Membranes Using Different Modification Approaches for Continuous Proteolytic Reactors
.” 2020. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Li A. Development of Biocatalytic Nanofibrous Membranes Using Different Modification Approaches for Continuous Proteolytic Reactors
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40473.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Li A. Development of Biocatalytic Nanofibrous Membranes Using Different Modification Approaches for Continuous Proteolytic Reactors
. [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40473
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
14.
Carvalho, Antônio Carlos Sallarés de Mattos.
Desenvolvimento de processo contínuo de copolimerização em emulsão em reator tubular.
Degree: PhD, Engenharia Química, 2008, University of São Paulo
URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-02062008-135006/
;
► Os processos industriais de polimerização em emulsão são normalmente realizados em reatores batelada ou semi batelada ou em tanques agitados contínuos (CSTR). Os reatores contínuos…
(more)
▼ Os processos industriais de polimerização em emulsão são normalmente realizados em reatores batelada ou semi batelada ou em tanques agitados contínuos (CSTR). Os reatores contínuos têm a vantagem de terem menor porte e de propiciarem melhor controle de qualidade do produto através da redução de variações de batelada a batelada. Além disso, as oscilações periódicas autosustentadas na conversão de monômero e no tamanho da partícula, que são normalmente observadas em reatores do tipo CSTR, podem ser minimizadas em reatores tubulares mediante o uso de dispositivos de mistura estáticos adequados combinados com escoamento pulsado (oscilatório). O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o desenvolvimento de uma copolimerização em emulsão de acetato de vinila e acrilato de butila em uma coluna pulsada com pratos perfurados (CPPP). A fim de aumentar a sua flexibilidade operacional, a coluna é composta de 5 seções, cada uma apresentando controles independentes de alimentação lateral e temperatura. Dependendo da estratégia de alimentação de monômero, pode-se notar uma deriva de composição durante o processo de copolimerização em emulsão do acetato de vinila e acrilato de butila devido às grandes diferenças entre estes monômeros em suas razões de reatividade e nas solubilidades na fase aquosa. Neste caso, a CPPP propicia diferentes possibilidades de alimentação que permitem controlar a composição do copolímero através da alimentação do monômero mais reativo ao longo da coluna. Por esta razão, foi avaliado neste estudo o efeito do número de correntes de alimentação sobre as propriedades do polímero. Diferentes números de correntes laterais de alimentação de monômero foram empregadas nos ensaios experimentais. Diferenças na uniformidade da composição do copolímero podem ser notadas dependendo do número de correntes laterais de alimentação aplicadas em cada teste. A fim de permitir variações de temperatura, somente a temperatura de entrada das camisas de resfriamento foi fixada. Para simular as reações foi utilizado um modelo matemático desenvolvido baseado no modelo de escoamento pistonado (plug-flow) axialmente disperso. No presente trabalho, um balanço de energia foi incluído ao modelo matemático anterior de modo que a influência de diferentes perfis de temperatura pudesse ser considerada. O efeito das correntes laterais de alimentação de monômero sobre as propriedades do copolímero puderam ser previstas com suficiente precisão pelas simulações do modelo, as quais foram também validadas pelos resultados experimentais. Com base nas simulações matemáticas, um perfil ótimo de alimentação pôde ser calculado e experimentalmente aplicado na CPPP permitindo a produção de um copolímero mais homogêneo. Os resultados também permitiram a validação do modelo matemático como uma ferramenta confiável na predição de ensaios experimentais. Além disso, as vantagens da CPPP puderam ser verificadas pelo seu desempenho adequado como reator tubular para processos contínuos de copolimerização em emulsão. Finalmente, os resultados indicaram a…
Advisors/Committee Members: Giudici, Reinaldo.
Subjects/Keywords: Acetato de vinila; Acrilato de butila; Butyl acrylate; Continuous reactor; Polimerização; Polymerization; Reator contínuo; Vinyl acetate
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APA (6th Edition):
Carvalho, A. C. S. d. M. (2008). Desenvolvimento de processo contínuo de copolimerização em emulsão em reator tubular. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-02062008-135006/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Carvalho, Antônio Carlos Sallarés de Mattos. “Desenvolvimento de processo contínuo de copolimerização em emulsão em reator tubular.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, University of São Paulo. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-02062008-135006/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Carvalho, Antônio Carlos Sallarés de Mattos. “Desenvolvimento de processo contínuo de copolimerização em emulsão em reator tubular.” 2008. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Carvalho ACSdM. Desenvolvimento de processo contínuo de copolimerização em emulsão em reator tubular. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-02062008-135006/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Carvalho ACSdM. Desenvolvimento de processo contínuo de copolimerização em emulsão em reator tubular. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2008. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-02062008-135006/ ;
University of Waterloo
15.
Madhuranthakam, Chandra Mouli R.
Design, Modeling and Analysis of a Continuous Process for Hydrogenation of Diene based Polymers using a Static Mixer Reactor.
Degree: 2007, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2989
► Hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) which is known for its excellent elastomeric properties and mechanical retention properties after long time exposure to heat, oil and…
(more)
▼ Hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) which is known for its excellent elastomeric properties and mechanical retention properties after long time exposure to heat, oil and air is produced by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Hydrogenation of NBR is carried out preferably in solution via homogeneous catalysis. As yet, it is being commercially produced in a semi-batch process where gaseous hydrogen continuously flows into a batch of reactant polymer. Several catalysts have been exploited successfully for the hydrogenation of NBR in organic solvents, which include palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium complexes. Owing to the drawbacks of batch production (such as time taken for charging and discharging the reactants/products, heating and cooling, reactor clean up), and the huge demand for HNBR, a continuous process is proposed where potential time saving is possible in addition to the high turn over of the product.
Numerical investigation of the HNBR production in a plug flow reactor and a continuous stirred tank reactor showed that a reactor with plug flow behavior would be economical and efficient. A static mixer (SM) reactor with open-curve blade internal geometry is designed based on the simulation and hydrodynamic results. The SM reactor was designed with 24 mixing elements, 3.81 cm ID and 90 cm length. The reactor has a jacket in which steam is used to heat the polymer solution. The hydrodynamics in the SM reactor (open-flat blade structure) with air-water system showed that plug flow could be achieved even under laminar flow conditions (Reh < 20). For a constant mean residence time, the Peclet number was varying such that it is 4.7 times the number of mixing elements (ne) used in the SM reactor. Empirical correlations were developed for gas hold up (εG) and overall mass transfer coefficient (KLa). The mass transfer experiments showed that high KLa, 4 to 6 times compared to that of the conventional reactors could be achieved in the SM reactor at particular operating conditions.
Very important information on the Peclet number, liquid hold were obtained from the hydrodynamic experiments conducted with the actual working fluids (hydrogen, polymer solutions) in the SM reactor. The superficial gas velocity had an adverse effect on both Peclet number and liquid hold up. The viscosity of the polymer solution also had a marginal negative effect on the Peclet number while a positive effect on the liquid hold up. The hydrogenation performance with the homogeneous catalyst OsHCl(CO)(O2)(PCy3)2 was performed in the continuous process with SM reactor. Complete hydrogenation of NBR was possible in a single pass. The effect of mean residence time, catalyst and polymer concentration on the final degree of hydrogenation was studied. The minimum catalyst required to achieve degree of hydrogenation over 97% was empirically found and an empirical correlation was developed for degree of hydrogenation as a function of operating conditions and parameters.
Hydrogenation in the SM…
Subjects/Keywords: Continuous Process; Hydrogenation; Diene Polymers; Static Mixer Reactor
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APA (6th Edition):
Madhuranthakam, C. M. R. (2007). Design, Modeling and Analysis of a Continuous Process for Hydrogenation of Diene based Polymers using a Static Mixer Reactor. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2989
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Madhuranthakam, Chandra Mouli R. “Design, Modeling and Analysis of a Continuous Process for Hydrogenation of Diene based Polymers using a Static Mixer Reactor.” 2007. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2989.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Madhuranthakam, Chandra Mouli R. “Design, Modeling and Analysis of a Continuous Process for Hydrogenation of Diene based Polymers using a Static Mixer Reactor.” 2007. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Madhuranthakam CMR. Design, Modeling and Analysis of a Continuous Process for Hydrogenation of Diene based Polymers using a Static Mixer Reactor. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2989.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Madhuranthakam CMR. Design, Modeling and Analysis of a Continuous Process for Hydrogenation of Diene based Polymers using a Static Mixer Reactor. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2989
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
16.
Palma, Mauri Sergio Alves.
Polimerização de acetato de vinila em emulsão de modo contínuo em coluna pulsada de pratos perfurados.
Degree: PhD, Engenharia Química, 2002, University of São Paulo
URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-27082013-122010/
;
► Processos industriais de polimerização em emulsão são usualmente realizados em reatores tipo tanque agitado em batelada (ou semi-batelada) ou em contínuo (CSTR). Reatores contínuos tem…
(more)
▼ Processos industriais de polimerização em emulsão são usualmente realizados em reatores tipo tanque agitado em batelada (ou semi-batelada) ou em contínuo (CSTR). Reatores contínuos tem a vantagem de serem comparativamente de menor porte, e propiciarem melhor controle da qualidade do produto pela redução de variações de batelada a batelada. Reatores tipo CSTR podem exibir oscilações periódicas e autosustentadas de conversão, de tamanho e concentração de partículas. Estas oscilações podem ser minimizadas nos reatores tubulares pulsados devido à diminuição da dispersão axial em relação aos reatores do tipo CSTR. Na presente tese, desenvolveu-se um novo tipo de reator tubular, a Coluna Pulsada de Pratos Perfurados, CPPP, para uso no processo de polimerização contínua do acetato de vinila em emulsão. O reator é operado com escoamento pulsado e contém pratos perfurados como dispositivos internos. Inicialmente foram realizados ensaios de distribuição de tempos de residência, em um reator montado em vidro, com o objetivo de caracterizar o escoamento no reator CPPP quanto ao grau de mistura axial. Os dados foram interpretados usando o modelo de escoamento pistonado com dispersão axial. Valores do coeficiente de dispersão axial foram medidos e correlacionados para diferentes condições de freqüência e amplitude de pulsação, vazão, espaçamento entre pratos, e viscosidade do fluido. Verificou-se que o grau de mistura axial pode ser variado em faixas relativamente amplas pela manipulação da freqüência e amplitude de pulsação. Foi também montado um reator em aço inox e encamisado, com as mesmas dimensões, onde foram realizados ensaios de polimerização em emulsão de acetato de vinila, medindo-se a conversão e a distribuição de tamanhos de partículas (DTP), na saída do reator em regime transiente e permanente, e também ao longo do reator em regime permanente. Verificou-se que as condições operacionais (tempo médio de residência e grau de dispersão axial) influenciam várias características do produto, como, a conversão, tamanho médio e concentração de partículas, porém, não influencia, significativamente, a viscosidade da emulsão produzida, para a receita da reação de polimerização e as condições operacionais estudadas. Os resultados experimentais foram interpretados usando um modelo matemático do reator, o qual foi estabelecido com base em um modelo cinético publicado na literatura para o processo de polimerização em emulsão de acetato de vinila em batelada. Tal modelo foi adaptado incluindo-se os termos convectivos e dispersivos nas equações de balanço de massa, e resolvido numericamente. Foram ajustados apenas dois parâmetros neste modelo, para todas as condições operacionais estudadas e os resultados simulados reproduziram adequadamente o comportamento das principais variáveis de processo para a condição de regime permanente. O novo tipo de reator contínuo apresentado neste trabalho mostrou-se ser possível obter altas conversões em tempos médios de residência da ordem ou mesmo inferiores aos do processo em batelada e atingir…
Advisors/Committee Members: Giudici, Reinaldo.
Subjects/Keywords: Acetato de vinila; Continuous reactor; Polímeros; Polimers; Reator contínuo; Vinyl acetate
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APA (6th Edition):
Palma, M. S. A. (2002). Polimerização de acetato de vinila em emulsão de modo contínuo em coluna pulsada de pratos perfurados. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-27082013-122010/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Palma, Mauri Sergio Alves. “Polimerização de acetato de vinila em emulsão de modo contínuo em coluna pulsada de pratos perfurados.” 2002. Doctoral Dissertation, University of São Paulo. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-27082013-122010/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Palma, Mauri Sergio Alves. “Polimerização de acetato de vinila em emulsão de modo contínuo em coluna pulsada de pratos perfurados.” 2002. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Palma MSA. Polimerização de acetato de vinila em emulsão de modo contínuo em coluna pulsada de pratos perfurados. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2002. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-27082013-122010/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Palma MSA. Polimerização de acetato de vinila em emulsão de modo contínuo em coluna pulsada de pratos perfurados. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2002. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-27082013-122010/ ;
Drexel University
17.
Greene, Dennis Joseph.
Numerical simulation of chlorine disinfection processes in non-ideal reactors.
Degree: 2002, Drexel University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1860/46
► The efficacy of disinfection processes in water purification systems is governed by several key factors including reactor hydraulics, disinfectant chemistry and microbial inactivation kinetics. The…
(more)
▼ The efficacy of disinfection processes in water purification systems is governed by several key factors including reactor hydraulics, disinfectant chemistry and microbial inactivation kinetics. The objective of this work was to develop a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict flow structure, mass transport, chlorine decay and microbial inactivation in a continuous flow reactor. The significance of this dissertation is that comprehensive 3D numerical model was developed to address all major components of the chlorine disinfection process in continuous flow systems (flow structure, mass transport, chlorine decay, microbial inactivation). Prior models have only predicted chlorine contactor flow structure and residence time distribution (Stambolieva et al., 1993; Hannoun and Boulos, 1997; Crozes et al., 1997; Wang and Falconer, 1998). Furthermore, the present model incorporates experimentally measured chlorine decay and non-linear microbial inactivation kinetics. The 3D, Eulerian-Eulerian model was implemented with a general-purpose commercial code (CFX4, AEA Technology) and executed on a personal computer (Windows® NT platform). Numerical predictions for tracer transport, chlorine decay and microbial inactivation correlated well with experimental measurements of Haas et al. (1995). The experimental program of Haas et al. investigated the kinetics of the chlorine disinfection process in a continuous flow pilot reactor for varying source waters, chlorine doses (free and combined) and microorganisms (E. coli, MS2 bacteriophage and Giardia muris. The CFD model yielded more accurate predictions of inactivation efficacy than the Integrated Disinfection Design Framework (IDDF) protocol (Bellamy et al., 1998) for the experimental data set. The numerical model demonstrates that inlet configurations can significantly affect reactor hydrodynamics, and that both mixing and kinetics affect disinfection efficiency. As such, both factors should be considered in reactor design for disinfection processes. The IDDF protocol relies on the assumption of complete segregation in real reactors and thus does not consider mixing effects. This assumption may lead to over- or under-estimation of disinfection efficiencies. The Eulerian-Eulerian model of this study does not rely on an assumption of mixing state and thus yields a better prediction of microbial inactivation.
Ph.D., Civil and Architectural Engineering – Drexel University, 2002
Advisors/Committee Members: Haas, Charles N., Farouk, Bakhtier.
Subjects/Keywords: Disinfection efficiency; Fluid dynamics – Computer simulation; Continuous flow reactor; Civil and Architectural Engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Greene, D. J. (2002). Numerical simulation of chlorine disinfection processes in non-ideal reactors. (Thesis). Drexel University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1860/46
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Greene, Dennis Joseph. “Numerical simulation of chlorine disinfection processes in non-ideal reactors.” 2002. Thesis, Drexel University. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1860/46.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Greene, Dennis Joseph. “Numerical simulation of chlorine disinfection processes in non-ideal reactors.” 2002. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Greene DJ. Numerical simulation of chlorine disinfection processes in non-ideal reactors. [Internet] [Thesis]. Drexel University; 2002. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1860/46.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Greene DJ. Numerical simulation of chlorine disinfection processes in non-ideal reactors. [Thesis]. Drexel University; 2002. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1860/46
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
McMaster University
18.
Duerksen, John Hugo.
Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors.
Degree: PhD, 1968, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/17638
► This dissertation describes an investigation into the free radical polymerization of styrene in continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR's). The aim was to develop a…
(more)
▼ This dissertation describes an investigation into the free radical polymerization of styrene in continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR's). The aim was to develop a steady state polymerization model which would accurately predict conversion and molecular weight distribution (MWD) up to high conversion. The dissertation is divided into three self-contained parts. Part I describes the testing and development of polymerization kinetics using a single CSTR. The single CSTR model is described. Theoretical and experimental
conversions and MWD's are compared and discussed. Part II describes the development of a model for a system of CSTR's. It is based upon the single CSTR model and the kinetics developed in Part I. Theoretical and experimental results for a three reactor system are compared and discussed. Part III describes the development of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for measuring MWD. Molecular weight and resolution calibration data are presented and discussed. Four methods of chromatogram interpretation that correct for imperfect resolution are compared.
Thesis
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Advisors/Committee Members: Hamielec, A. E., Chemical Engineering.
Subjects/Keywords: chemical engineering; free radical polymerization; styrene; continuous stirred tank reactor
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APA (6th Edition):
Duerksen, J. H. (1968). Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors. (Doctoral Dissertation). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/17638
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Duerksen, John Hugo. “Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors.” 1968. Doctoral Dissertation, McMaster University. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/17638.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Duerksen, John Hugo. “Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors.” 1968. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Duerksen JH. Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McMaster University; 1968. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/17638.
Council of Science Editors:
Duerksen JH. Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McMaster University; 1968. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/17638
19.
Cortez, Vanusa Tavares.
Aplicação de redes neuronais artificiais à deteção e isolamento de falhas em processos industriais.
Degree: 2015, Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/4483
► Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Os processos industriais são cada vez mais tecnologicamente complexos. Os requisitos de…
(more)
▼ Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Os processos industriais são cada vez mais tecnologicamente complexos. Os requisitos de competitividade impostos pelo mercado obrigam as condições de eficiência e operacionalidade próximas dos limites máximos da sua capacidade produtiva. Por outro lado, as paragens intempestivas dos mesmos resultam normalmente em perdas de produção, degradação da qualidade do produto final, danificação dos equipamentos, podendo dar origem a catástrofes ambientais com eventuais perdas de vidas humanas.
Estas são principais razões que motivaram a realização deste trabalho e conduziu a esta dissertação. Tem como objetivo, o estudo aplicabilidade de Redes Neuronais Artificiais (RNAS), na deteção e isolamento de falhas que ocorrem em atuadores, utilizados no controlo automático de processos industriais, em tempo real.
Permitem que o processo continue a operar de forma controlada, mesmo depois de alguma falha se ter manifestado em algum dos seus atuadores, ou eventualmente, efetuar uma paragem controlada do processo se tal situação ocorrer e não houver capacidade de tolerância á falha em análise.
Neste estudo, foi utilizado um reator continuamente agitado (RCA), com nível e temperatura controlados no seu interior, através de duas malhas de controlo e reciclagem parcial do produto final é através de um permutador de calor. Foram simuladas falhas abruptas e incipientes em duas válvulas de regulação, sendo utilizada uma RNA do tipo feedforward, para deteção e isolamento, em tempo real, das falhas simuladas no processo acima mencionado.
A RNA foi treinada offline apenas com sintomas de falhas abrutas.
O RCA foi simulado com o seu modelo dinâmico utilizando a plataforma computacional MatLab/Simulink, sendo a RNA implementada e treinada com a toolbox de Redes Neuronais do MatLab. O sucesso dos resultados obtidos com os trabalhos de simulação permite perspetivar a utilização de RNAS em situações reais, envolvendo processos industriais de elevada complexidade tecnológica sobretudo, quando é desejável uma atempada deteção e isolamento de falhas, antes de ocorrerem paragens não programadas do processo sobre supervisão.
Industrial processes are increasingly technologically complex. The competitiveness requirements imposed by market conditions require efficiency and operation close to the limits of its production capacity. On the other hand, unscheduled stoppages of them usually result in yield losses, degradation of quality of the final product, damage to equipment, may lead to environmental disasters with possible loss of life.
The above reasons motivated the work leading to the writing of this dissertation, which aimed to study of the applicability of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for detection and isolation of faults occurring in actuators used in automated industrial process control, in real time, allowing the process to continue to operate in a controlled manner even…
Advisors/Committee Members: Calado, João Manuel Ferreira.
Subjects/Keywords: Deteção de falhas; Isolamento de falhas; Redes neuronais artificiais; Reator continuamente agitado; Fault detection; Fault isolation; Artificial neural networks; Continuous stirred reactor
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Cortez, V. T. (2015). Aplicação de redes neuronais artificiais à deteção e isolamento de falhas em processos industriais. (Thesis). Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/4483
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cortez, Vanusa Tavares. “Aplicação de redes neuronais artificiais à deteção e isolamento de falhas em processos industriais.” 2015. Thesis, Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/4483.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cortez, Vanusa Tavares. “Aplicação de redes neuronais artificiais à deteção e isolamento de falhas em processos industriais.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Cortez VT. Aplicação de redes neuronais artificiais à deteção e isolamento de falhas em processos industriais. [Internet] [Thesis]. Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/4483.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Cortez VT. Aplicação de redes neuronais artificiais à deteção e isolamento de falhas em processos industriais. [Thesis]. Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2015. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/4483
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
20.
Abad Sánchez, Sergi.
Biotechnological production of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 by heterotrophic microalgae.
Degree: 2017, Universitat Ramon Llull
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400556
► This dissertation describes the development of a biotechnological process to obtain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) omega-3 by heterotrophic microalgae. The selected heterotrophic microorganism was Aurantiochytrium…
(more)
▼ This dissertation describes the development of a biotechnological process to obtain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) omega-3 by heterotrophic microalgae. The selected heterotrophic microorganism was Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21 due to its capacity to produce PUFA, grow with different carbon sources and tolerate high salinity. During the thesis investigation, diverse analytical methods have been developed in order to monitor A. limacinum growth. Moreover, different experimental design strategies/tools, such us Taguchi orthogonal matrices, Artificial neural network, Response surface methodology, etc. have been used to develop a growth medium specifically optimized for A. limacinum. Instead of using traditional carbon sources, the process has been developed to grow A. limacinum with crude glycerol, an industrial by‐product.
The same experimental design tools served to find the best oxygen supply conditions to stimulate either biomass or DHA production. Batch, fed‐batch,
continuous and multi‐stage
continuous bioreactors have been studied to find the most prolific strategy. Batch and fed‐batch
reactor generated the highest DHA yields (g DHA /g biomass). However,
continuous cultivations produced higher DHA productivity values DHA (g DHA/l·h), especially the multi‐stage strategy. In a multi‐stage,
continuous bioreactor, the first tank/s were dedicated to biomass production whereas the following tanks were set to stimulate DHA production.
DHA products currently in market are formulated as DHA methyl esters or re‐esterified triglycerides, but not as unmodified triglycerides. In this thesis, an approach for preparative and process scale chromatography purification of unmodified triglycerides containing DHA has been developed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Universitat Ramon Llull. IQS SE - Bioenginyeria, [email protected] (authoremail), true (authoremailshow), Turon Casalprim, Xavier (director), Planas Sauter, Antoni (codirector), true (authorsendemail).
Subjects/Keywords: Omega-3; Microalgae; Glycerol; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Bioreactor; Batch; Continuous reactor; Cultivation; Analytical chemistry; Growth Medium; Ciències naturals, químiques, físiques i matemàtiques; 543; 577; 579; 633; 663/664
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APA (6th Edition):
Abad Sánchez, S. (2017). Biotechnological production of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 by heterotrophic microalgae. (Thesis). Universitat Ramon Llull. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400556
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Abad Sánchez, Sergi. “Biotechnological production of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 by heterotrophic microalgae.” 2017. Thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400556.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Abad Sánchez, Sergi. “Biotechnological production of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 by heterotrophic microalgae.” 2017. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Abad Sánchez S. Biotechnological production of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 by heterotrophic microalgae. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universitat Ramon Llull; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400556.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Abad Sánchez S. Biotechnological production of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 by heterotrophic microalgae. [Thesis]. Universitat Ramon Llull; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400556
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Western Ontario
21.
Nazari, Laleh.
Hydrothermal Liquefaction of High-Water Content Biomass and Waste Materials for the Production of Biogas and Bio-Crude Oil.
Degree: 2016, University of Western Ontario
URL: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4069
► Growing interest in renewable energies due to shrinking reserves of fossil fuels and climate change concerns have led to extensive research towards gaseous and liquid…
(more)
▼ Growing interest in renewable energies due to shrinking reserves of fossil fuels and climate change concerns have led to extensive research towards gaseous and liquid fuels production from renewable energy resources such as biomass and wastes. Energy generation from municipal and industrial wastes such as wastewater sludge is also environmental friendly way to deal with large volume of waste disposal with the additional advantage of eliminating part of the indirect greenhouse gas emissions from energy crops-derived biofuels.
In this thesis, a novel process for co-production of biogas and bio-crude oil from high-water-content wastewater sludge through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) treatments is developed. Hydrothermal liquefaction is a thermochemical process where raw sludge can be heat treated directly in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of water as the reaction medium mostly in subcritical or near critical conditions (T < 374 °C and P < 22.1 MPa). This eliminates the need to dewater/dry biomass which can be a major energy input for biofuel production via other processes such as pyrolysis or gasification. Since hydrothermal liquefaction is a promising technology for conversion of high-water-content biomass without the need of costly sludge dewatering, it could replace the conventional sludge treatment by making valuable energy products out of a waste material.
Wastewater sludge was treated by two scenarios, operating at temperatures in a lower range (40-80 °C) and a higher range (200-350 °C), respectively. The low-temperature treatment was considered as sludge pre-treatment before anaerobic digestion, aiming to examine the possible relationship between increased solubilisation of the sludge as a result of the pre-treatment and its digestibility for biogas production. The high-temperature treatment scenario was performed to produce value-added products such as bio-crude oil from co-processing of wastewater sludge (more than 90% water content) with another type of lignocellulosic biomass to adjust substrate concentration to a higher level with better economics of the process, and to increase the bio-oil yield and quality. The main by-product from the high-temperature process (water-soluble product) was used as a potential feedstock for biogas production through anaerobic digestion.
Subjects/Keywords: Hydrothermal liquefaction; Bio-crude oil; Waste activated sludge; Experimental design; Co-feeding; Continuous flow reactor; Biochemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Chemical Engineering; Engineering; Environmental Engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Nazari, L. (2016). Hydrothermal Liquefaction of High-Water Content Biomass and Waste Materials for the Production of Biogas and Bio-Crude Oil. (Thesis). University of Western Ontario. Retrieved from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4069
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nazari, Laleh. “Hydrothermal Liquefaction of High-Water Content Biomass and Waste Materials for the Production of Biogas and Bio-Crude Oil.” 2016. Thesis, University of Western Ontario. Accessed January 16, 2021.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4069.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nazari, Laleh. “Hydrothermal Liquefaction of High-Water Content Biomass and Waste Materials for the Production of Biogas and Bio-Crude Oil.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Nazari L. Hydrothermal Liquefaction of High-Water Content Biomass and Waste Materials for the Production of Biogas and Bio-Crude Oil. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4069.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Nazari L. Hydrothermal Liquefaction of High-Water Content Biomass and Waste Materials for the Production of Biogas and Bio-Crude Oil. [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2016. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4069
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Western Ontario
22.
Souzanchi, Sadra.
Catalytic Conversion of Fructose, Glucose and Industrial Grade Sugar Syrups to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, A Platform for Fuels and Chemicals.
Degree: 2016, University of Western Ontario
URL: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4070
► 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) as a versatile and polyfunctional compound derived from dehydration of biomass has attracted increasing attentions in research over the past decades. HMF is…
(more)
▼ 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) as a versatile and polyfunctional compound derived from dehydration of biomass has attracted increasing attentions in research over the past decades. HMF is an important intermediate and platform chemical, which can be converted into different useful chemicals as well as the promising biofuels. It can be obtained from acid-catalyzed dehydration of different C6-based carbohydrates such as glucose, fructose, sucrose and cellulose.
In this thesis, a cost-effective process for catalytic conversion of simple sugars (particularly glucose and fructose) and industrial grade sugar syrups to HMF was studied in a novel biphasic continuous-flow tubular reactor using inexpensive heterogeneous solid catalysts and biphasic media (aqueous/organic). Commercial and synthesized heterogeneous catalysts were used for the catalytic experiments and their activities in terms of conversion, selectivity and yield were compared. It is assumed that catalytic conversion of glucose to HMF involves two-step reaction pathway of glucose isomerization to fructose and subsequent fructose dehydration to HMF. Thus, the experimental approach for this research was to first isomerize glucose to fructose using heterogeneous solid base catalysts and then dehydrate fructose to HMF using heterogeneous solid acid catalysts. Thereafter, continuous single-step conversion of glucose and industrial grade sugar syrups derived from corn and wood to HMF was investigated. In each section, fresh catalysts were characterized comprehensively and the stability of some selected catalysts and feasibility of catalyst recycling were examined. The effects of different experimental conditions including reaction temperature, feeding flow rate, initial feedstock concentration, catalyst loading, presence of extracting organic solvent and phase transfer catalyst were also studied. At the best operating conditions, the maximum fructose yield of 25% was achieved from isomerization of glucose over magnesium oxide catalyst and maximum HMF yields of 60%, 45% and 53% were obtained from dehydration of fructose (over Amberlyst 36 catalyst), glucose (over niobium phosphate catalyst) and HFCS-90 (over niobium phosphate catalyst), respectively. The deactivation mechanism of some selected catalysts was also investigated by analysing the used catalysts and the insoluble humins produced during the reaction as the main by-product responsible for the catalyst deactivation. The kinetics of glucose dehydration reaction over niobium phosphate catalyst was also studied.
Subjects/Keywords: 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF); Glucose; Fructose; Isomerization; Dehydration; Biphasic continuous-flow tubular reactor; Catalysis and Reaction Engineering; Chemical Engineering; Engineering; Environmental Engineering; Other Chemical Engineering; Polymer and Organic Materials
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APA (6th Edition):
Souzanchi, S. (2016). Catalytic Conversion of Fructose, Glucose and Industrial Grade Sugar Syrups to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, A Platform for Fuels and Chemicals. (Thesis). University of Western Ontario. Retrieved from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4070
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Souzanchi, Sadra. “Catalytic Conversion of Fructose, Glucose and Industrial Grade Sugar Syrups to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, A Platform for Fuels and Chemicals.” 2016. Thesis, University of Western Ontario. Accessed January 16, 2021.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4070.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Souzanchi, Sadra. “Catalytic Conversion of Fructose, Glucose and Industrial Grade Sugar Syrups to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, A Platform for Fuels and Chemicals.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Souzanchi S. Catalytic Conversion of Fructose, Glucose and Industrial Grade Sugar Syrups to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, A Platform for Fuels and Chemicals. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4070.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Souzanchi S. Catalytic Conversion of Fructose, Glucose and Industrial Grade Sugar Syrups to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, A Platform for Fuels and Chemicals. [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2016. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4070
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Georgia Tech
23.
Kassner, Michelle Kimberly.
Novel sustainable solvents for bioprocessing applications.
Degree: PhD, Chemical Engineering, 2008, Georgia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26683
► Bioprocessing applications are gaining importance in the traditional chemical industries. With environmental, political, and economical concerns growing, research efforts have recently focused on the substitution…
(more)
▼ Bioprocessing applications are gaining importance in the traditional chemical industries. With environmental, political, and economical concerns growing, research efforts have recently focused on the substitution of petroleum-derived transportation fuels and materials. As possible products and feedstocks are being investigated, it is important to ensure the new processes are also sustainable. There are several aspects to developing sustainable processes: minimize waste, use environmentally-benign chemicals, find renewable feedstocks, and limit the number of processing steps.
This thesis examines ways to enhance the sustainability of bioprocesses. Novel, alternative solvent systems are studied and applied to a variety of bioprocesses. Downstream processing steps and waste can be minimized by designing systems that combine reactions and separations into one process unit. This is accomplished by designing new
reactor systems and by replacing currently used solvents. Additional studies, involving analytical techniques that reduce the use of organic solvents, are tested and applied to industrial problems. Finally, new solvent systems are examined for potential processes using renewable carbohydrate feedstock.
Advisors/Committee Members: Eckert, Charles (Committee Co-Chair), Liotta, Charles (Committee Co-Chair), Bommarius, Andreas (Committee Member), Fernández, Facundo (Committee Member), Lu, Hang (Committee Member).
Subjects/Keywords: Continuous flow reactor; Sustainable technology; Biofuels; Green chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Sustainable engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Kassner, M. K. (2008). Novel sustainable solvents for bioprocessing applications. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26683
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kassner, Michelle Kimberly. “Novel sustainable solvents for bioprocessing applications.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26683.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kassner, Michelle Kimberly. “Novel sustainable solvents for bioprocessing applications.” 2008. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kassner MK. Novel sustainable solvents for bioprocessing applications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26683.
Council of Science Editors:
Kassner MK. Novel sustainable solvents for bioprocessing applications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26683
Queens University
24.
Enright, Thomas E.
Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization in a Continuous Tubular Reactor
.
Degree: Chemical Engineering, 2010, Queens University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6246
► Significant advances have been made in the understanding of living/controlled radical polymerization processes since their discovery in the early 1990’s. These processes enable an unprecedented…
(more)
▼ Significant advances have been made in the understanding of living/controlled radical polymerization processes since their discovery in the early 1990’s. These processes enable an unprecedented degree of control over polymer architecture that was previously not possible using conventional radical polymerization processes, and this has made possible the synthesis of many new and interesting materials. However, there has been only limited success in commercializing these new methods.
Recently there has been increased focus on the development of more industrially viable processes. Dispersed aqueous phase reactions have received much attention because these water-based processes have several technical, economic, and environmental benefits over the more common solution and bulk reactions that were originally developed. Likewise, there has been some investigation of using continuous reactors that have potential technical and economic benefits over the more commonly employed batch reactors.
This thesis presents an in-depth study that combines the three aforementioned technologies: living/controlled radical polymerization, dispersed phase aqueous reactions, and continuous reactors. Specifically, the system of interest is a nitroxide-mediated miniemulsion polymerization reaction in a continuous tubular reactor to produce polymer latex.
Design of the continuous tubular reactor is discussed in some detail with a focus on specific technical challenges that were faced in building a functional apparatus for this system. Scoping experiments are described which identified a significant effect of temperature ramping rate that is critical to understand when moving to larger scale reactors for this system. The unexpected phenomenon of room temperature polymerization initiated by ascorbic acid is also described. There is demonstration for the first time that bulk and miniemulsion polymers can be produced in a tubular reactor under controlled nitroxide-mediated polymerization conditions, and copolymers can be produced. A detailed residence time distribution study for the tubular reactor is also shown, and several interesting phenomena are discussed that have implications on the practical operating conditions of the tubular reactor. This particular study makes it clear that one should experimentally verify the residence time distribution within a continuous system with the reactants of interest, and that model systems may not give an accurate picture of the real system.
Subjects/Keywords: Living Controlled Radical Polymerization
;
Continuous Tubular Reactor
;
Nitroxide Mediated
;
SFRP
;
NMP
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APA (6th Edition):
Enright, T. E. (2010). Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization in a Continuous Tubular Reactor
. (Thesis). Queens University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6246
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Enright, Thomas E. “Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization in a Continuous Tubular Reactor
.” 2010. Thesis, Queens University. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6246.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Enright, Thomas E. “Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization in a Continuous Tubular Reactor
.” 2010. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Enright TE. Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization in a Continuous Tubular Reactor
. [Internet] [Thesis]. Queens University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6246.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Enright TE. Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization in a Continuous Tubular Reactor
. [Thesis]. Queens University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6246
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
25.
Liu, Tong.
Biogas production from lignocellulosic agricultural residues.
Degree: 2019, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
URL: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/15820/
► Methane, produced through microbial anaerobic digestion of various organic materials, is seen as a promising sustainable bioenergy source with the potential to reduce the current…
(more)
▼ Methane, produced through microbial anaerobic digestion of various organic materials, is seen as a promising sustainable bioenergy source with the potential to reduce the current dependence on fossil fuels. Among organic materials, lignocellulosic materials, especially agriculture residues, are highly interesting due to high abundance and potential for methane production. However, low nutrient content and highly recalcitrant structure often limit process efficiency. This thesis presents the results of in-depth studies conducted in order to obtain new information about lignocellulose-degrading bacteria in biogas processes and to identify ways to enable more efficient biogas production.
Different biogas processes were investigated in terms of their overall microbial community (bacteria and archaea) and potential lignocellulose degraders. The results showed that the biogas processes differed with regard to overall microbial community and chemical composition, but also composition of the cellulose-degrading bacterial community. These differences significantly influenced the degradation efficiency of both cellulose and wheat straw in batch digestion systems and also performance during start-up of semi-continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) processes. A positive correlation was found between lignocellulose degradation efficiency and relative abundance of Clostridium cellulolyticum. Ammonia level in the inoculum was identified as the most significant factor potentially affecting microbial community structure and methane production from lignocellulosic materials. Microbial and chemical composition of the original inoculum sources also influenced long-term degradation of lignocellulose in CSTR and appeared to influence residual methane potential. Different molecular methods for microbial community analysis were explored, with the aim of building an appropriate pipeline for in-depth studies of lignocellulose degraders in anaerobic reactors.
This thesis provides novel information about the microbial communities involved in degradation of lignocellulosic materials and possible connections to process parameters. This information could potentially enable biogas production to be steered towards a more efficient and controllable process for degradation and biogas production from agriculture residues and plant-based materials.
Subjects/Keywords: anaerobic digestion; lignocellulose; hydrolase families 5 and 48; biomethane potential; continuous stirred-tank reactor; co-digestion; residual methane potential; next-generation amplicon sequencing; terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP)
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Liu, T. (2019). Biogas production from lignocellulosic agricultural residues. (Doctoral Dissertation). Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Retrieved from https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/15820/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Liu, Tong. “Biogas production from lignocellulosic agricultural residues.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Accessed January 16, 2021.
https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/15820/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Liu, Tong. “Biogas production from lignocellulosic agricultural residues.” 2019. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Liu T. Biogas production from lignocellulosic agricultural residues. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/15820/.
Council of Science Editors:
Liu T. Biogas production from lignocellulosic agricultural residues. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; 2019. Available from: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/15820/
University of Edinburgh
26.
Diab, Samir.
Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Edinburgh
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/37043
► The pharmaceutical industry has traditionally implemented batch manufacturing for the production of a wide range of products due to its mature technological development and ability…
(more)
▼ The pharmaceutical industry has traditionally implemented batch manufacturing for the production of a wide range of products due to its mature technological development and ability for recall of products where necessary. However, several demonstrations of Continuous Pharmaceutical Manufacturing (CPM) in the past two decades have drawn significant attention from academia, industry and regulatory bodies due to its potential for smaller equipment, enhanced efficiencies, access to difficult or hazardous process conditions with greater ease and safety and reduced costs and waste. While continuous processing is not new in other manufacturing sectors, its application to pharmaceutical production has only drawn significant attention in recent years due to the numerous demonstrations of continuous flow syntheses of complex molecules and functional groups inherent of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), which is the foundation of any end-to-end CPM plant. The literature to date has predominantly focussed on design and optimisation of flow synthesis routes; however, the development of efficient continuous separation processes is a major bottleneck to CPM and are often challenging and materially intensive unit operations. The design of effective continuous separation processes for societally important APIs amenable to continuous production is essential for CPM success. Mathematical modelling is a viable and useful tool in the elucidation of promising designs prior to pilot plant studies that can allow rapid screening of multiple candidate configurations and can circumvent expensive and laborious experimental campaigns. Moreover, they allow optimisation of process design configurations to maximise their operational and economic benefits. This PhD thesis aims to elucidate cost-optimal upstream CPM plant and continuous separation process designs for a range of APIs. Steady-state process models for upstream CPM plants for different APIs are constructed, using published data for reaction rate law elucidation and kinetic parameter estimation, activity coefficient and group contribution models for non-ideal multicomponent mixture phase equilibria prediction and pharmaceutical process costing methodologies. The constructed models are then used for process simulation, design and optimisation of CPM plants, using Nonlinear Programming (NLP) for individual case-based process optimisation and Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) for CPM process synthesis to optimality. The systematic frameworks and methods used in this work can be expanded to other APIs amenable to CPM with similar processes. This work highlights the immense value in systematic and rigorous model-based simulation and optimisation campaigns for CPM process development.
Subjects/Keywords: Continuous Pharmaceutical Manufacturing processes; CPM processes; optimisation; modelling; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; LLE; crystallisation processes; flow reactor design; Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programs; pharmaceutical manufacturing
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Diab, S. (2020). Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/37043
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Diab, Samir. “Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/37043.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Diab, Samir. “Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing.” 2020. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Diab S. Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/37043.
Council of Science Editors:
Diab S. Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/37043
University of Edinburgh
27.
Diab, Samir.
Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Edinburgh
URL: https://doi.org/10.7488/era/344
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.806183
► The pharmaceutical industry has traditionally implemented batch manufacturing for the production of a wide range of products due to its mature technological development and ability…
(more)
▼ The pharmaceutical industry has traditionally implemented batch manufacturing for the production of a wide range of products due to its mature technological development and ability for recall of products where necessary. However, several demonstrations of Continuous Pharmaceutical Manufacturing (CPM) in the past two decades have drawn significant attention from academia, industry and regulatory bodies due to its potential for smaller equipment, enhanced efficiencies, access to difficult or hazardous process conditions with greater ease and safety and reduced costs and waste. While continuous processing is not new in other manufacturing sectors, its application to pharmaceutical production has only drawn significant attention in recent years due to the numerous demonstrations of continuous flow syntheses of complex molecules and functional groups inherent of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), which is the foundation of any end-to-end CPM plant. The literature to date has predominantly focussed on design and optimisation of flow synthesis routes; however, the development of efficient continuous separation processes is a major bottleneck to CPM and are often challenging and materially intensive unit operations. The design of effective continuous separation processes for societally important APIs amenable to continuous production is essential for CPM success. Mathematical modelling is a viable and useful tool in the elucidation of promising designs prior to pilot plant studies that can allow rapid screening of multiple candidate configurations and can circumvent expensive and laborious experimental campaigns. Moreover, they allow optimisation of process design configurations to maximise their operational and economic benefits. This PhD thesis aims to elucidate cost-optimal upstream CPM plant and continuous separation process designs for a range of APIs. Steady-state process models for upstream CPM plants for different APIs are constructed, using published data for reaction rate law elucidation and kinetic parameter estimation, activity coefficient and group contribution models for non-ideal multicomponent mixture phase equilibria prediction and pharmaceutical process costing methodologies. The constructed models are then used for process simulation, design and optimisation of CPM plants, using Nonlinear Programming (NLP) for individual case-based process optimisation and Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) for CPM process synthesis to optimality. The systematic frameworks and methods used in this work can be expanded to other APIs amenable to CPM with similar processes. This work highlights the immense value in systematic and rigorous model-based simulation and optimisation campaigns for CPM process development.
Subjects/Keywords: Continuous Pharmaceutical Manufacturing processes; CPM processes; optimisation; modelling; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; LLE; crystallisation processes; flow reactor design; Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programs; pharmaceutical manufacturing
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APA (6th Edition):
Diab, S. (2020). Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7488/era/344 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.806183
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Diab, Samir. “Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed January 16, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.7488/era/344 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.806183.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Diab, Samir. “Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing.” 2020. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Diab S. Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.7488/era/344 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.806183.
Council of Science Editors:
Diab S. Computational modelling of separation processes for green continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7488/era/344 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.806183
University of Georgia
28.
Kim, Byung Hee.
Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids and phytosteryl esters and their dietary effects on blood lipid profiles and cardiovascular parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Degree: 2014, University of Georgia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/23158
► Structured lipids (SLs) were synthesized from roasted sesame oil and caprylic acid by Rhizomucor miehei lipase-catalyzed acidolysis and phytosteryl esters (PEs) were synthesized from phytosterols…
(more)
▼ Structured lipids (SLs) were synthesized from roasted sesame oil and caprylic acid by Rhizomucor miehei lipase-catalyzed acidolysis and phytosteryl esters (PEs) were synthesized from phytosterols and oleic acid by Candida rugosa
lipase-catalyzed esterification. The reactions were modeled by response surface methodology, respectively, and their optimal reaction conditions were established using the models, respectively. For SLs, the substrate molar ratio (caprylic acid/sesame
oil) should be kept as high as possible (6.0) and relatively low temperature (45.0 ºC) was required to maximize total incorporation and minimize acyl migration. Furthermore, total incorporation should be kept below 55 mol% caprylic acid to prevent
decrease in quality and yield of targeted SLs. The optimal reaction conditions for PEs were: temperature, 51.3 ºC; reaction time, 17.0 h; substrate molar ratio (oleic acid/phytosterols), 2.1; enzyme amount, 7.2%; and degree of esterification was 97.0
mol% under these conditions. The SLs were produced in a bench-scale continuous packed bed reactor under the optimal reaction conditions established above. Total incorporation and acyl migration of caprylic acid in the SLs were 42.5 mol% and 3.1 mol%,
respectively. The SLs displayed different physicochemical properties: lower viscosity, lower melting and crystallization temperature ranges, higher melting and crystallization enthalpies, higher smoke point, higher saponification value, and lower iodine
value, in comparison to unmodified sesame oil. There was no difference in the contents of tocopherols and phytosterols. However, total sesame lignans content was decreased in SLs due to the loss of sesamol and most volatiles were removed from SLs during
short-path distillation of SL. The dietary effects of SLs and PEs on the blood lipid profiles and cardiovascular parameters were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Rats fed sesame oil fortified with PEs or SLs fortified with PEs showed
higher plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and higher plasma HDL/total cholesterol ratios than those fed lard, sesame oil or SLs. There was no notable difference in plasma lipid profiles of rats fed SLs compared to those fed lard or
sesame oil. Resting arterial blood pressures in the rats fed high-fat diets including SLs or PEs were not different from controls (rats fed normal diet); however, resting heart rates in the rats fed high-fat diets were higher than the
controls.
Subjects/Keywords: Acidolysis; Candida rugosa lipase; Caprylic acid; Cardiovascular parameters; Continuous packed bed reactor; Esterification; Lipid modification; Oleic acid; Phytosterols; Phytosteryl esters; Plasma lipid profiles; Response surface methodology; Rhizomucor
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APA ·
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CSE |
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kim, B. H. (2014). Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids and phytosteryl esters and their dietary effects on blood lipid profiles and cardiovascular parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/23158
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kim, Byung Hee. “Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids and phytosteryl esters and their dietary effects on blood lipid profiles and cardiovascular parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats.” 2014. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10724/23158.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kim, Byung Hee. “Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids and phytosteryl esters and their dietary effects on blood lipid profiles and cardiovascular parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats.” 2014. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kim BH. Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids and phytosteryl esters and their dietary effects on blood lipid profiles and cardiovascular parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/23158.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kim BH. Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids and phytosteryl esters and their dietary effects on blood lipid profiles and cardiovascular parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/23158
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Sydney
29.
Zafaranloo, Ali.
Kinetics of Magnesium Extraction from Activated Serpentine by Carbonic Acid
.
Degree: 2015, University of Sydney
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14531
► Ex situ mineral carbonation heavily depends on the ability of cations (e.g., Mg2+) to form stable carbonates. The abundant serpentine minerals contain sufficient magnesium to…
(more)
▼ Ex situ mineral carbonation heavily depends on the ability of cations (e.g., Mg2+) to form stable carbonates. The abundant serpentine minerals contain sufficient magnesium to fill this role. Serpentine partially dehydroxylated by thermal pre-treatment, which has a nearly amorphous state (meta-serpentine), has been shown to enhance overall carbonation yield. However, the dissolution kinetics of meta-serpentine under the carbonic acid system remains largely unresolved within the literature. In this thesis, the kinetics of magnesium extraction from thermally activated serpentine under the CO2-H2O system was investigated for the purpose of identifying the underlying rate-limiting mechanisms. The extraction rates of magnesium and silica from thermally activated serpentine were measured over a wide range of conditions, covering different reaction temperatures (303–473 K), pressures (10–160 bar), mass loading factors (0.03–1 min), and particle sizes (20–180 μm) using a continuous fluidised bed reactor under the saturated CO2-H2O system. Extraction of silica almost always followed the equilibrium solubility of amorphous silica. Magnesium is believed to be released by the protons associated with the MgO-CO2-H2O equilibria. The kinetic implications of all the measured magnesium extraction rates were evaluated using a far-from-equilibrium pH dependence mechanism. At undersaturated conditions, the remarkable unifying rate behaviour across various experiments implied that the extraction of magnesium is more-or-less proportional to the bulk equilibrium concentration of protons. In addition, the associated term for activation energy with the rate law appeared negligible. At saturated conditions magnesium extraction was inhibited, which was attributed to precipitation of secondary phases in the porous substrate.
Subjects/Keywords: Mineral carbonation;
Dissolution of thermally activated serpentine;
CO2-H2O system;
Continuous flow reactor;
Far-from-equilibrium conditions;
In situ formation of magnesite
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Zafaranloo, A. (2015). Kinetics of Magnesium Extraction from Activated Serpentine by Carbonic Acid
. (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14531
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zafaranloo, Ali. “Kinetics of Magnesium Extraction from Activated Serpentine by Carbonic Acid
.” 2015. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14531.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zafaranloo, Ali. “Kinetics of Magnesium Extraction from Activated Serpentine by Carbonic Acid
.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Zafaranloo A. Kinetics of Magnesium Extraction from Activated Serpentine by Carbonic Acid
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14531.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Zafaranloo A. Kinetics of Magnesium Extraction from Activated Serpentine by Carbonic Acid
. [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14531
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
INP Toulouse
30.
Despènes, Laurène.
Intensification et passage en continu d’une synthèse pharmaceutique en réacteur-échangeur : Intensification and transposition to continuous of a pharmaceutical synthesis in a heat exchanger-reactor.
Degree: Docteur es, Génie des Procédés et de l'Environnement, 2010, INP Toulouse
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0061
► Dans le domaine de l'intensification des procédés, la technologie des réacteurs-échangeurs occupe une place de choix. De tels équipements combinent opération en continu et efficacités…
(more)
▼ Dans le domaine de l'intensification des procédés, la technologie des réacteurs-échangeurs occupe une place de choix. De tels équipements combinent opération en continu et efficacités en termes de transfert de chaleur, d'hydrodynamique, de mélange, de transfert de matière et de réaction. Ce travail porte sur l'étude du passage en continu d'une synthèse pharmaceutique dans un réacteur-échangeur innovant en carbure de silicium. La méthodologie suivie est fondée sur des méthodes expérimentales et théoriques, visant à caractériser à la fois l'équipement et l'application chimique. L'objectif a été d'aboutir à un procédé optimal permettant d'augmenter productivité et sélectivité tout en assurant des niveaux de sécurité élevés. Raman.
In the field of Process Intensification, manufacturers offer many technologies of heat exchanger reactors in terms of design, material and operating conditions range which make the choice of the optimal solution difficult to be performed. Such apparatuses combine a continuous operating with strongly coupled features of heat transfer, hydrodynamics, mixing, mass transfer and reaction. To assess the feasibility and potentialities of applications carried out in this kind of apparatus, a methodology has been developed and could be divided in three parts: the equipment characterisation, the considered application (physical properties of components, reaction kinetics, heat generated), the suitable intensified process (optimal design) and the associated operating conditions (optimal control). Related to this methodology, the present study aims to transpose to continuous and to intensify a Pierre Fabre’s pharmaceutical application. In fact, this application currently carried out in batch offers productivity limitations that could be get round using a continuous intensified reactor. In this way, a complete reaction characterisation based on calorimetric experiments has been performed and provided to the optimisation tool. The results highlight the need to control the pH level and the necessity to use an on-line analytic method, spectroscopy Raman. This technique leads to an easy transfer of the reaction in continuous in order to intensify it. Optimal conditions have been underlined in order to obtain a productivity of 100%.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gourdon, Christophe (thesis director), Cabassud, Michel (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Intensification des procédés; Réacteur-échangeur; Equipements en carbure de silicium; Passage en continu; Synthèse pharmaceutique; Analyse en ligne par spectroscopie; Process intensification; Heat exchanger-reactor; Silicon carbide equipments; Continuous pharmaceutical application process; On-line analysis by Raman spectroscopy
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Despènes, L. (2010). Intensification et passage en continu d’une synthèse pharmaceutique en réacteur-échangeur : Intensification and transposition to continuous of a pharmaceutical synthesis in a heat exchanger-reactor. (Doctoral Dissertation). INP Toulouse. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0061
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Despènes, Laurène. “Intensification et passage en continu d’une synthèse pharmaceutique en réacteur-échangeur : Intensification and transposition to continuous of a pharmaceutical synthesis in a heat exchanger-reactor.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, INP Toulouse. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0061.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Despènes, Laurène. “Intensification et passage en continu d’une synthèse pharmaceutique en réacteur-échangeur : Intensification and transposition to continuous of a pharmaceutical synthesis in a heat exchanger-reactor.” 2010. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Despènes L. Intensification et passage en continu d’une synthèse pharmaceutique en réacteur-échangeur : Intensification and transposition to continuous of a pharmaceutical synthesis in a heat exchanger-reactor. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. INP Toulouse; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0061.
Council of Science Editors:
Despènes L. Intensification et passage en continu d’une synthèse pharmaceutique en réacteur-échangeur : Intensification and transposition to continuous of a pharmaceutical synthesis in a heat exchanger-reactor. [Doctoral Dissertation]. INP Toulouse; 2010. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0061
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations
