publisher:("Washington University in St. Louis")

Washington University in St. Louis

1. Cameron, Jeffrey Carlyle. Redox homeostasis in cyanobacteria.

Degree: 2011, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3450787

► Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms utilize high-energy electron transfer chains comprised of redox active intermediates and light harvesting complexes. While oxygen is a necessary byproduct of… (more)

▼ Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms utilize high-energy electron transfer chains comprised of redox active intermediates and light harvesting complexes. While oxygen is a necessary byproduct of water oxidation and the source of photosynthetic electrons, its presence is also dangerous because leakage of electrons and excitation energy can interact with molecular oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Elaborate antioxidant networks and redox buffering systems have evolved to protect photosynthetic organisms from the threat of ROS. Glutathione (GSH) is a multifunctional molecule that is involved in core metabolism, detoxification of xenobiotics and in maintenance of cellular redox poise. The ubiquitous nature of glutathione and its importance to cellular metabolism has been observed in many organisms, however the specific roles of glutathione in photosynthetic organisms are not fully understood. To address these questions, we have generated several mutants in the glutathione biosynthesis and degradation pathways in the model organism Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (Synechocystis 6803), an oxygenic photosynthetic cyanobacterium. We utilized targeted homologous recombination to generate deletion mutants of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GshA) and glutathione synthetase (GshB) in Synechocystis 6803. Our results indicate that GshA activity is essential for growth in cyanobacteria because we were unable to isolate a fully segregated Δ gshA deletion mutant. We did isolate a ΔgshB mutant strain that accumulates the biosynthetic intermediate γ-glutamylcysteine (γ-EC) instead of GSH. In this work, I have characterized the physiology of the ΔgshB mutant following environmental, genetic and redox perturbations. The results presented here also shed light on the dynamic nature of the low-molecular weight thiol pool in cyanobacteria. We quantified the levels of cellular thiols in Synechocystis 6803 during exposure to multiple environmental and redox perturbations and found that conditions promoting increased cellular metabolism and increased ROS production, including during high-light treatment and photomixotrophic growth, lead to higher cellular thiol levels. Furthermore, the intracellular pools of thiols decrease when the cell exhibits reduced metabolic capacity during conditions such as nutrient deprivation and dark incubation. Sulfate limitation results in dramatically decreased cellular thiol contents in a short period of time. We found that the ΔgshB strain is sensitive to sulfate limitation and exhibits delayed recovery upon sulfate repletion, indicating that GSH is important for acclimation to sulfate limiting conditions. To facilitate our understanding of GSH degradation in Synechocystis 6803 during sulfate limitation, we generated a mutant lacking γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (Ggt), an enzyme with GSH degradation activity. However, the Δ ggt mutant still exhibited GSH…

Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Botany

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Cameron, J. C. (2011). Redox homeostasis in cyanobacteria. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3450787

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cameron, Jeffrey Carlyle. “Redox homeostasis in cyanobacteria.” 2011. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3450787.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cameron, Jeffrey Carlyle. “Redox homeostasis in cyanobacteria.” 2011. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Cameron JC. Redox homeostasis in cyanobacteria. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3450787.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cameron JC. Redox homeostasis in cyanobacteria. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3450787

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

2. Gau, Brian Craig. The advancement of mass spectrometry-based hydroxyl radical protein footprinting| Application of novel analysis methods to model proteins and apolipoprotein E.

Degree: 2011, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3454303

► Fast photochemical oxidation of proteins (FPOP) has shown great promise in the elucidation of the regions of a protein's structure that are changed upon… (more)

▼ Fast photochemical oxidation of proteins (FPOP) has shown great promise in the elucidation of the regions of a protein's structure that are changed upon interaction with other macromolecules, ligands, or by folding. The advantage of this protein footprinting method is that it utilizes the reactivity of hydroxyl radicals to stably modify solvent accessible residues non-specifically in a microsecond. The extent of ·OH labeling at sites assays their solvent accessibility. We have corroborated the predicted profoundly short timescale of labeling empirically, by FPOP-labeling three oxidation-sensitive proteins and examining their global FPOP product outcomes. The novel test developed to validate conformational invariance during labeling can be applied generally to any footprinting methodology where perturbation to protein structure by the footprint labeling is suspected. The stable modifications can be detected and quantified by the same proteolysis, chromatography, and mass spectrometry techniques employed in proteomics studies; however, proteomics software does not automatically report the residue-resolved full-sequence-coverage footprint information found in proteomics-like FPOP data. Here we report the development of software tools to facilitate a comprehensive and efficient analysis of FPOP data, and demonstrate their use in a study of barstar in its unfolded and native states. We next show that SO₄−· can serve as an alternative non-specific labeling agent that can be generated by the FPOP apparatus on the same fast timescale as ·OH. This demonstrates the tunable nature of FPOP. We have used FPOP to characterize the oligomeric structures of three human apolipoprotein E (ApoE) isoforms and a monomeric mutant in their lipid-free states. Only one isoform of ApoE is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease; unfortunately, the structural reason for this association is not known, in part because no high resolution structure exists of any isoform. We find that the three common isoforms of ApoE are very similar in their solvent accessible footprint, that their oligomeric interactions involve several regions in the C-terminal domain, and that the N-terminal domain of each resembles the monomeric mutant's N-terminal domain, the truncated form of which has been characterized as a four-helix bundle. Finally, we find by FPOP that ApoE interacts with beta-amyloid peptide 1-42 at a specific site in its N-terminal domain.

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Biochemistry; Biology, Bioinformatics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gau, B. C. (2011). The advancement of mass spectrometry-based hydroxyl radical protein footprinting| Application of novel analysis methods to model proteins and apolipoprotein E. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3454303

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gau, Brian Craig. “The advancement of mass spectrometry-based hydroxyl radical protein footprinting| Application of novel analysis methods to model proteins and apolipoprotein E.” 2011. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3454303.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gau, Brian Craig. “The advancement of mass spectrometry-based hydroxyl radical protein footprinting| Application of novel analysis methods to model proteins and apolipoprotein E.” 2011. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Gau BC. The advancement of mass spectrometry-based hydroxyl radical protein footprinting| Application of novel analysis methods to model proteins and apolipoprotein E. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3454303.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gau BC. The advancement of mass spectrometry-based hydroxyl radical protein footprinting| Application of novel analysis methods to model proteins and apolipoprotein E. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3454303

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

3. Vitalis, Andreas. Probing the early stages of polyglutamine aggregation with computational methods.

Degree: 2009, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3359878

► Exonic CAG repeat diseases are a class of neurodegenerative age-of-onset diseases caused by an unstable trinucleotide expansion in a coding region of a gene.… (more)

▼ Exonic CAG repeat diseases are a class of neurodegenerative age-of-onset diseases caused by an unstable trinucleotide expansion in a coding region of a gene. The most prominent example is Huntington's disease (HD) whose symptoms are characterized by loss of motor control and cognitive deficits. For all nine of the known CAG repeat diseases, pathology is ascribed to the mutant proteins which carry expanded stretches of glutamine residues (polyglutamine). The length of the polyglutamine segment is inversely correlated with the disease age-of-onset. Protein aggregates are routinely found in postmortem tissue samples of brains of HD patients. These findings suggest a prominent role for polyglutamine-mediated protein aggregation in disease pathogenesis. Subsequent studies characterized the intracellular aggregates as amyloid-like. In amyloids, the polypeptide backbone predominantly adopts conformations in the β-basin of the Ramachandran map, i.e., the aggregates have high net β-content. This has led to the hypothesis that β-rich conformers play a prominent role in mediating the aggregation process; specifically, it has been postulated that a β-rich form of polyglutamine acts as the monomeric nucleus from which fibrillar aggregates grow via a downhill elongation mechanism. This thesis investigates the intrinsic properties of polyglutamine during early stages of aggregation. We employ computer simulations to obtain a qualitative picture of the process at an atomistic level. Our results suggest the following: soluble polyglutamine is intrinsically disordered and forms collapsed globules in aqueous solution. These globules associate readily and randomly to form disordered dimers. We identified no structural requirements for association to occur. The conversion of monomeric polyglutamine to a conformation high in β-content, i.e., to a putative aggregation nucleus, is associated with a high free energy penalty. We detect no coupling between structure and associativity, but find a profound modulation of polyglutamine's intrinsic properties in the presence of wild-type flanking sequences. From our results, we postulate a model where polyglutamine forms large soluble and disordered oligomers which undergo a rate-limiting conformational conversion to a fibrillar precipitate. We conclude that structure-based drug designs may not prove a viable strategy for interfering with the early stages of polyglutamine aggregation and hence with disease pathology.

Subjects/Keywords: Biophysics; Medical

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Vitalis, A. (2009). Probing the early stages of polyglutamine aggregation with computational methods. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3359878

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vitalis, Andreas. “Probing the early stages of polyglutamine aggregation with computational methods.” 2009. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3359878.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vitalis, Andreas. “Probing the early stages of polyglutamine aggregation with computational methods.” 2009. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Vitalis A. Probing the early stages of polyglutamine aggregation with computational methods. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3359878.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Vitalis A. Probing the early stages of polyglutamine aggregation with computational methods. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3359878

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

4. Shockley, Stephany Elaine. Evaluation of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor as a Positron Emission Tomography imaging target for tumor aggression.

Degree: 2009, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3366047

► The utility of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in the detection of cancer began with the radiopharmaceutical 2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) used for measuring altered cellular metabolism.… (more)

▼ The utility of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in the detection of cancer began with the radiopharmaceutical 2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) used for measuring altered cellular metabolism. Specific radioligands are being developed to allow non-invasive analysis of protein expression to further characterize tumors. One protein that has been identified as a promising target is the Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor (PBR). PBR expression is up-regulated in several cancers, and in many there has been a correlation drawn between increased malignancy and protein expression levels. Therefore, developing PET methodologies to apply for PBR imaging could be an important step in understanding individual tumors as we move toward an age of personalized medicine. This dissertation investigates the potential utility of two radioligands specific for PBR, and compares the radioligands to radiopharmaceuticals that map metabolism (FDG) and proliferation (3'-[¹⁸F]fluoro-L-thymidine, FLT). The research has two specific aims: (1) to compare PBR expression with measures of cellular proliferation and aggression; (2) to directly compare radioligand localization in vivo to tumor sites in mouse xenograft model studies. In vitro cell studies indicate a correlation between PBR expression and markers of aggression, but not proliferation. Using PET imaging and biodistribution, breast cancer xenografts with a breadth of PBR expression showed no significant uptake of PBR specific radioligands. However, radiopharmaceuticals targeting proliferation by metabolism and DNA synthesis showed greater differences in uptake between cell lines. The data obtained from these studies demonstrate a limitation to the translation of PBR imaging for personalized medicine, because the ubiquitous expression of the protein throughout the body creates challenges that will be difficult to overcome. Expression of PBR in non-target organs reduces the quantity of radiopharmaceutical that is available for tumor uptake, and the extent of non-tumor uptake of radiopharmaceuticals with affinity for PBR exceeds that of tumors. These results suggest that non-invasive imaging techniques to assay tumor PBR expression in vivo have limited potential for clinical applications.

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry; Biochemistry

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shockley, S. E. (2009). Evaluation of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor as a Positron Emission Tomography imaging target for tumor aggression. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3366047

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shockley, Stephany Elaine. “Evaluation of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor as a Positron Emission Tomography imaging target for tumor aggression.” 2009. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3366047.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shockley, Stephany Elaine. “Evaluation of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor as a Positron Emission Tomography imaging target for tumor aggression.” 2009. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Shockley SE. Evaluation of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor as a Positron Emission Tomography imaging target for tumor aggression. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3366047.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shockley SE. Evaluation of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor as a Positron Emission Tomography imaging target for tumor aggression. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3366047

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

5. Anderson, Nicholas Robert. Electrocorticographic neural correlates of arm movements and associated goal orientation in humans.

Degree: 2009, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3379094

► This thesis analyzed the cortical representation of arm kinematics, target encoding, and goal encoding using subdural electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings in humans. Using a joystick-based… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biology, Neurobiology; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electronics and Electrical

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Anderson, N. R. (2009). Electrocorticographic neural correlates of arm movements and associated goal orientation in humans. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3379094

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Anderson, Nicholas Robert. “Electrocorticographic neural correlates of arm movements and associated goal orientation in humans.” 2009. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3379094.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Anderson, Nicholas Robert. “Electrocorticographic neural correlates of arm movements and associated goal orientation in humans.” 2009. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Anderson NR. Electrocorticographic neural correlates of arm movements and associated goal orientation in humans. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3379094.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Anderson NR. Electrocorticographic neural correlates of arm movements and associated goal orientation in humans. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3379094

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

6. Glaubius, Robert. Scheduling policy design using stochastic dynamic programming.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3386643

► Scheduling policies for open soft real-time systems must be able to balance the competing concerns of meeting their objectives under exceptional conditions while achieving… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Computer Science

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Glaubius, R. (2010). Scheduling policy design using stochastic dynamic programming. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3386643

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Glaubius, Robert. “Scheduling policy design using stochastic dynamic programming.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3386643.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Glaubius, Robert. “Scheduling policy design using stochastic dynamic programming.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Glaubius R. Scheduling policy design using stochastic dynamic programming. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3386643.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Glaubius R. Scheduling policy design using stochastic dynamic programming. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3386643

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

7. Rosen, David Aaron. Conservation of the intracellular bacterial community pathogenic pathway in urinary tract infection.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3397987

► Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect 13 million women annually in the United States. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the predominant etiologic agent of UTI;… (more)

▼ Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect 13 million women annually in the United States. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the predominant etiologic agent of UTI; however, several other uropathogens, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, are also significant causative agents. In a murine cystitis model, UPEC utilize a multistep pathogenic pathway in which they invade and form intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs) within bladder facet cells. Type 1 pili, adhesive fimbriae, are necessary for UPEC binding and invasion of urothelial cells and formation of IBCs. UPEC ultimately disperse from the IBC, many with filamentous morphology, and proceed to infect other host urothelial cells. This work evaluates the conservation of the IBC pathogenic pathway across both host and uropathogen. To determine if the IBC pathway occurs in human UTI, urine samples from women with acute, uncomplicated cystitis and from asymptomatic women were blindly analyzed. We found evidence of IBCs in 18% and filamentous bacteria in 41% of urines from women with UTI. None of the urines from the asymptomatic comparative group or from Gram-positive UTIs showed evidence of IBCs or filaments. These findings suggest that the IBC pathogenic pathway characterized in the mice also occurs in humans. Numerous non-UPEC, Gram-negative uropathogens were found competent for IBC formation in the murine cystitis model. The uropathogenesis of one of these IBC formers, K. pneumoniae, was compared to UPEC. K. pneumoniae was able to colonize the murine bladder and form IBCs, but to a lesser extent than UPEC early in infection. Much of this disparity can be attributed to differences in expression and function of type 1 pili. Specifically, K. pneumoniae encodes an extra fim operon gene, fimK, which inhibits expression of type 1 pili. Additionally, K. pneumoniae has a defect in the mannose-sensitive hemagglutination phenotype of type 1 pili specific to its FimH adhesin domain. These differences in expression and function of K. pneumoniae type 1 pili explain, in part, why K. pneumoniae is a less prevalent etiologic agent of UTI than UPEC. To further analyze host factors involved in UTI pathogenesis of K. pneumoniae and other uropathogens, we developed a streptozocin-induced diabetic model of UTI. Diabetic mice were found to be more susceptible to UTI, especially by non-UPEC uropathogens, compared to healthy mice. This work revealed that the IBC pathogenic pathway occurs in human UTI and is common to several uropathogens, albeit to varying degrees of efficiency. Further insight into this conserved pathway may lead to enhanced UTI treatments and prevention of recurrence.

Subjects/Keywords: Biology, Molecular; Biology, Microbiology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rosen, D. A. (2010). Conservation of the intracellular bacterial community pathogenic pathway in urinary tract infection. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3397987

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rosen, David Aaron. “Conservation of the intracellular bacterial community pathogenic pathway in urinary tract infection.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3397987.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rosen, David Aaron. “Conservation of the intracellular bacterial community pathogenic pathway in urinary tract infection.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Rosen DA. Conservation of the intracellular bacterial community pathogenic pathway in urinary tract infection. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3397987.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rosen DA. Conservation of the intracellular bacterial community pathogenic pathway in urinary tract infection. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3397987

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

8. Weissbrod, Lior. The small animals of Maasai settlement| Ethnoarchaeological investigations of the commensalism model.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3398836

► Changes in mobility have long been considered a critical factor affecting social and economic change during transitions from hunting and gathering to food production.… (more)

▼ Changes in mobility have long been considered a critical factor affecting social and economic change during transitions from hunting and gathering to food production. Archaeologists have relied on a wide range of indirect indicators of sedentism and the intensity of site occupation such as site size and structural complexity. One of the key problems has been how to ascertain more precisely how change in mobility combined with other factors of economic and social intensification. More than 40 years ago, Tchernov (Bar-Yosef and Tchernov 1966) first proposed the idea that remains of commensal species that today coexist with humans in settlement environments could be used to detect early sedentism in the archaeological record. Subsequent studies of the earliest occurrence of commensal house mice (Mus musculus domesticus ) in sites of complex Natufian hunter-gatherers of southwest Asia established a link between pronounced levels of commensalism and what is generally believed to have been one of the first sedentary cultures in the world. The commensalism model related increasing populations of commensal species and decreasing biological diversity to changes in the intensity of human site occupation. It was expressly developed to test assumptions about decreasing mobility among Natufian hunter-gatherers and their role in the subsequent domestication of plants and animals and emergence of agricultural villages. The validity of the model was later questioned, however, due to the lack of empirical knowledge on commensalism in a wide range of settlement environments including sedentary and more mobile ones. This research was designed to test Tchernov's commensalism hypothesis through a study of seasonally occupied settlements of Maasai pastoralists in East Africa. Methods from ecology, ethnography, and archaeology were used to document the impact of Maasai settlements on associated communities of small rodents and shrews (micromammals), to measure the intensity of human occupation in settlements, and to relate settlement intensity to micromammalian communities. Taphonomic approaches were also used to evaluate the potential for accumulation and preservation of evidence on commensalism in the substrate of the settlements. The results of the study showed that, in contrast to what we might expect in highly sedentary settings, Maasai settlements increased rather than decreased the biological diversity of local micromammalian communities. Along a gradient of decreasing settlement mobility, but continued seasonal use of settlements, there was no manifest increase in the population of any single species that would amount to pronounced commensalism. This supports the commensalism/sedentism linkage but also suggests more broadly that it should be possible to demarcate distinct contexts of commensalism and related levels of biological diversity in relation to varying intensities of site occupation. These results call for greater investment in systematic fine-recovery and study of variability of…

Subjects/Keywords: African Studies; Anthropology, Archaeology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Weissbrod, L. (2010). The small animals of Maasai settlement| Ethnoarchaeological investigations of the commensalism model. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3398836

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Weissbrod, Lior. “The small animals of Maasai settlement| Ethnoarchaeological investigations of the commensalism model.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3398836.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Weissbrod, Lior. “The small animals of Maasai settlement| Ethnoarchaeological investigations of the commensalism model.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Weissbrod L. The small animals of Maasai settlement| Ethnoarchaeological investigations of the commensalism model. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3398836.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Weissbrod L. The small animals of Maasai settlement| Ethnoarchaeological investigations of the commensalism model. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3398836

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

9. Kolbe, Diana Lynn. Novel algorithms for structural alignment of non-coding RNAs.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3408095

► Non-coding RNAs are biologically important molecules, with a variety of catalytic and regulatory activities mediated by their secondary and tertiary structures. Base-pairing interactions, particularly… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Bioinformatics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kolbe, D. L. (2010). Novel algorithms for structural alignment of non-coding RNAs. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3408095

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kolbe, Diana Lynn. “Novel algorithms for structural alignment of non-coding RNAs.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3408095.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kolbe, Diana Lynn. “Novel algorithms for structural alignment of non-coding RNAs.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Kolbe DL. Novel algorithms for structural alignment of non-coding RNAs. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3408095.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kolbe DL. Novel algorithms for structural alignment of non-coding RNAs. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3408095

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

10. McCartney, Stephen Andrew. The role of MDA5 and TLR3 in response to dsRNA and viral infection.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3411811

► The innate immune system consists of a number of genetically encoded receptors that detect the products of viral replication and initiate signaling cascades leading… (more)

▼ The innate immune system consists of a number of genetically encoded receptors that detect the products of viral replication and initiate signaling cascades leading to activation of the antiviral response. During the course of infection, many viruses produce dsRNA that can be recognized by two major arms of the innate immune system: the toll-like receptors (TLR) and the Rig-I-like receptors (RLR). Among the TLRs, TLR3 binds dsRNA within the endosomal compartment and initiates signaling through its downstream adapter TRIF. Melanoma differentiation-induced gene 5 (MDA5) is a member of the RLR family that recognizes dsRNA within the cytosolic compartment and signals through the adaptor IPS-1. Although TLR3 and MDA5 initially employ distinct downstream adaptors, both are known to induce the production of cytokines and cell surface molecules involved in the antiviral response, which raises the question of whether they are redundant or functionally distinct. Using mice that are genetically deficient for MDA5, TLR3, or both MDA5 and TLR3 (double knockout, DKO), we have demonstrated that these receptors have unique functions necessary for controlling viral infection. Using two models of viral infection, murine norovirus (MNV) and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), we demonstrate that both MDA5 and TLR3 limit viral replication. Neither MDA5-/- nor TLR3-/- animals controlled MNV and EMCV infection as well as wild type (WT) controls, but DKO mice were more susceptible to infection than either single knockout. Furthermore, we find that MDA5 and TLR3 play distinct roles in activating the natural killer (NK) cell response to the dsRNA analogue poly I:C (pIC). We demonstrate that the discrete functions of MDA5 and TLR3 are dependent on their expression in different cell types as well as their unique capacities to control production of cytokines. In addition, we show that the individual contribution of each sensor is necessary at distinct phases of the innate immune response, with TLR3 acting initially and MDA5 acting at later time points. These results illustrate how cooperation between the TLR and RLR pathways is necessary for the development of a complete antiviral response.

Subjects/Keywords: Biology, Virology; Health Sciences, Immunology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

McCartney, S. A. (2010). The role of MDA5 and TLR3 in response to dsRNA and viral infection. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3411811

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McCartney, Stephen Andrew. “The role of MDA5 and TLR3 in response to dsRNA and viral infection.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3411811.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McCartney, Stephen Andrew. “The role of MDA5 and TLR3 in response to dsRNA and viral infection.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

McCartney SA. The role of MDA5 and TLR3 in response to dsRNA and viral infection. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3411811.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

McCartney SA. The role of MDA5 and TLR3 in response to dsRNA and viral infection. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3411811

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

11. Wiseman, Charles Gordon. Abstractions and algorithms for control of extensible and heterogeneous virtualized network infrastructures.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3412319

► Virtualized network infrastructures are currently deployed in both research and commercial contexts. The complexity of the virtualization layer varies greatly in different deployments, ranging… (more)

▼ Virtualized network infrastructures are currently deployed in both research and commercial contexts. The complexity of the virtualization layer varies greatly in different deployments, ranging from cloud computing environments, to carrier Ethernet applications using stacked VLANs, to networking testbeds. In all of these cases, many users are sharing the resources of one provider and each user expects their resources to be isolated from all other users. There are many challenges associated with the control and management of these systems, including resource allocation and sharing, resource isolation, system security, and usability. Among the different types of virtualized infrastructures, network testbeds are of particular interest due to their widespread use in education and in the networking research community. Networking researchers rely extensively on testbeds when evaluating new protocols and ideas. Indeed, a substantial percentage of top research papers include results gathered from testbeds. Network emulation testbeds in particular are often used to conduct innovative research because they allow users to emulate diverse network topologies in a controlled environment. That is, researchers run experiments with a collection of resources that can be reconfigured to represent many different network scenarios. The user typically has control over most of the resources in their experiment which results in a high level of reproducibility. As such, these types of testbeds provide an excellent bridge between simulation and deployment of new ideas. Unfortunately, most testbeds suffer from a general lack of resource extensibility and diversity. This dissertation extends the current state of the art by designing a new, more general testbed infrastructure that expands and enhances the capabilities of modern testbeds. This includes pertinent abstractions, software design, and related algorithms. The design has also been prototyped in the form of the Open Network Laboratory network testbed, which has been successfully used in educational and research pursuits. While the focus is on network testbeds, the results of this research will also be applicable to the broader class of virtualized system infrastructures.

Subjects/Keywords: Computer Science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wiseman, C. G. (2010). Abstractions and algorithms for control of extensible and heterogeneous virtualized network infrastructures. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3412319

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wiseman, Charles Gordon. “Abstractions and algorithms for control of extensible and heterogeneous virtualized network infrastructures.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3412319.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wiseman, Charles Gordon. “Abstractions and algorithms for control of extensible and heterogeneous virtualized network infrastructures.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Wiseman CG. Abstractions and algorithms for control of extensible and heterogeneous virtualized network infrastructures. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3412319.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wiseman CG. Abstractions and algorithms for control of extensible and heterogeneous virtualized network infrastructures. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3412319

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

12. Scherer, Laura Danielle. Response mapping in evaluative priming.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3422054

► Recently, Scherer and Lambert (2009) proposed a new model of priming, which they called the Response Mapping (RM) Model. That model assumes that under… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Psychology, Social; Psychology, Cognitive

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APA (6^th Edition):

Scherer, L. D. (2010). Response mapping in evaluative priming. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3422054

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Scherer, Laura Danielle. “Response mapping in evaluative priming.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3422054.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Scherer, Laura Danielle. “Response mapping in evaluative priming.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Scherer LD. Response mapping in evaluative priming. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3422054.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Scherer LD. Response mapping in evaluative priming. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3422054

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

13. Hicks, Sarah Lynn. Determinants of and variation in large foundations' grantmaking to Native America.

Degree: 2008, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3316627

► As foundation grantmaking has grown over the last decade, scrutiny from potential regulators and the general public has increased. However, little is known about… (more)

▼ As foundation grantmaking has grown over the last decade, scrutiny from potential regulators and the general public has increased. However, little is known about foundations' decision-making processes for grant awards. The unique status of American Indian and Alaska Native tribal governments, their increased capacity over the last 30 years, and the disproportionate socioeconomic disadvantage of Native peoples' position Native communities as potentially significant foundation grantees. Yet research shows that foundation's grantmaking to Native causes generally, and to tribal governments in particular, is disproportionately low (Hicks and Jorgensen, 2004, 2005). This study applies a principal-agent framework to the organizational problem of large foundations' grantmaking to Native causes. Collectively, foundations are challenged to find the best-positioned grantees to fulfill their mission and create significant impact with their investments. They have the choice of agent types, who vary by level of risk, to whom they award grants: intermediary organizations (the safest choice), nonprofit organizations (the referent choice), and tribal governments (the riskiest choice). Foundations use the information that they have available about potential recipients, including information about recipient types, to make grantmaking decisions that minimize the risk that the grantees will act opportunistically or contrary to the foundation's intent. This study applied qualitative and quantitative methods to understand and explain large foundations' grantmaking to Native America. Considerable differences in information sources and grant award decision-making processes were identified. Foundation representatives expressed substantial variation in the factors their foundations considered in Native grant award decisions and the weight they attributed to relative factors. Relationships—the use of colleagues and networks—seemed paramount in assessing potential recipient organization's missions, positioning on an issue, community relationships, and capacity. The multinomial logistic regression model examined tribal governments relative to intermediary organizations (model one) and nonprofit organizations relative to intermediary organizations (model two). While the intercept for model one was significant (p < .05), the intercept for model two was not. Foundation type, total foundation grantmaking, and peer tribal government grantmaking contribute to predicting large foundations' choice of intermediary organizations relative to tribal governments. The geographic scope of foundations' grantmaking is a meaningful constraint on choice of recipient type.

Subjects/Keywords: Social Work; Native American Studies

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hicks, S. L. (2008). Determinants of and variation in large foundations' grantmaking to Native America. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3316627

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hicks, Sarah Lynn. “Determinants of and variation in large foundations' grantmaking to Native America.” 2008. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3316627.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hicks, Sarah Lynn. “Determinants of and variation in large foundations' grantmaking to Native America.” 2008. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Hicks SL. Determinants of and variation in large foundations' grantmaking to Native America. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2008. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3316627.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hicks SL. Determinants of and variation in large foundations' grantmaking to Native America. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2008. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3316627

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

14. Nair, Ciju T. R. Essays on online browsing and purchase.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3427319

► Essay One: Modeling Online Browsing and Purchase of Airline Tickets. Online purchases are increasingly becoming a significant portion of total purchases in most… (more)

▼ Essay One: Modeling Online Browsing and Purchase of Airline Tickets. Online purchases are increasingly becoming a significant portion of total purchases in most product categories. While prior research in marketing has looked at information search and purchase decisions separately, we use a joint framework to study consumers' online browsing and purchase of airline tickets in a unique dataset of household-level dynamic click stream panel data. We use a three-stage model to study (i) the choice of the first website visited, (ii) the duration of browsing on travel websites before making a purchase (iii) the choice of the website where consumers will make the purchase, and how a later stage choice is affected by decisions in previous stages. We simultaneously estimate these three models which constitute a non-linear discrete-continuous equation system using a simulation-based econometric technique. We find significant effects of expected level of expenditure, prior browsing experience, prior purchase experience in determining consumer browsing and purchase behavior. We are able to quantify the differences in attractiveness of a website in getting consumers to first visit them and compare it with the conversion effectiveness of a website in terms of getting consumers who visit to make purchases. A significant impact of choice of the first site visited and browsing duration on choice of the purchase site indicates the importance of modeling these decisions simultaneously. Our results can help managers identify the major determinants of consumer browsing and online purchase behavior, some of which cannot be observed in a brick-and-mortar environment. Essay Two: Modeling Online Multi-category Purchase in Travel. In this paper we investigate online purchase behavior at the basket level and model the multi-category purchases in the travel product category. While prior research in marketing has looked at browsing or individual category purchase decisions, we study consumers' online purchase of airline, car rental and hotel purchases together using a unique dataset of household-level dynamic click stream panel data. We use a two-stage model to study (i) the propensity of consumers to purchase a combination of products as a basket and (ii) the choice of the website where consumers will make those purchases. We then estimate the propensity of consumers to purchase a particular combination of products in their basket from different websites. This behavior constitutes a high dimensional system of multinomial equations which are then solved using a simulation-based econometric technique. We find significant effects of site preference, loyalty, prior browsing and demographic variables in determining consumer multi-category purchase behavior. Our results can help managers identify the major determinants of multi-category purchase as well as provide insights into cross promoting as well as upselling other products to consumers who visit their website. Key Words: airline, car rental, hotel,…

Subjects/Keywords: Business Administration, Marketing; Statistics; Economics, General; Web Studies

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nair, C. T. R. (2010). Essays on online browsing and purchase. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3427319

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nair, Ciju T R. “Essays on online browsing and purchase.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3427319.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nair, Ciju T R. “Essays on online browsing and purchase.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Nair CTR. Essays on online browsing and purchase. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3427319.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nair CTR. Essays on online browsing and purchase. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3427319

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

15. McClendon, Jennifer Rachel. Who uses community-based youth shelters? An inter-group and intra-group analysis.

Degree: 2009, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3369214

► Community-based youth shelters are the primary method of intervention designed to meet the complex needs of at-risk youth who leave home before they have… (more)

▼ Community-based youth shelters are the primary method of intervention designed to meet the complex needs of at-risk youth who leave home before they have developed the skills to live independently. This research examines shelter users' patterns of cross-sector service use to better understand the needs and resources of shelter residents. The aims of this study are (1) to perform an inter-group analysis, comparing sheltered youth with status offense runaways and foster care runaways, and (2) to explore the population of emergency shelter residents using an intra-group analysis, determining whether distinct profiles of sheltered youth exist, based on individual characteristics and service use patterns over time. The study samples were drawn from a larger longitudinal study of services and outcomes. The samples included subjects born between 1981 and 1992 who were reported for child maltreatment and/or lived in families receiving Aid to Families with Dependent Children during childhood. For the first Aim, the sample included subjects identified as runaway by the court system (status offense runaways), foster care runaways, and sheltered youth. The sample for the second aim included only sheltered youth. Bivariate analyses found differences between runaway groups in terms of poverty, maltreatment history, school-identified disability, report of neglect, receipt of family services, delinquent offenses, truancy, ethnicity, and parent mental health or substance abuse treatment. Controlling for covariates in the multinomial logistic regression, only age discriminated between all three groups. Just 20% of the sheltered youth ran away from their previous residence or spent time living on the street. Latent class analysis suggests sheltered youth fall into four clearly distinct categories, clearly defined by connection to school and family. These include: (1) a "parent time-out" group (attending school and living with family), (2) a school/behavior problem group (not attending school and living with family), (3) youth in DFS custody placed at the shelter (disconnected from family but attending school), and (4) multi-problem youth (disconnected from both school and family).

Subjects/Keywords: Social Work; Sociology, Public and Social Welfare

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

McClendon, J. R. (2009). Who uses community-based youth shelters? An inter-group and intra-group analysis. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3369214

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McClendon, Jennifer Rachel. “Who uses community-based youth shelters? An inter-group and intra-group analysis.” 2009. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3369214.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McClendon, Jennifer Rachel. “Who uses community-based youth shelters? An inter-group and intra-group analysis.” 2009. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

McClendon JR. Who uses community-based youth shelters? An inter-group and intra-group analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3369214.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

McClendon JR. Who uses community-based youth shelters? An inter-group and intra-group analysis. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3369214

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

16. Holt, Daniel D. Temporal discounting| A comparison of adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures.

Degree: 2009, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371614

► Several experimental procedures (e.g., adjusting amount, adjusting delay) have been used to study the effect that changes in amount of and delay to a… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Psychology; Experimental

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APA (6^th Edition):

Holt, D. D. (2009). Temporal discounting| A comparison of adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371614

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Holt, Daniel D. “Temporal discounting| A comparison of adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures.” 2009. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371614.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Holt, Daniel D. “Temporal discounting| A comparison of adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures.” 2009. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Holt DD. Temporal discounting| A comparison of adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371614.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Holt DD. Temporal discounting| A comparison of adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371614

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

17. Wiseman, Sandra Margot. Spectral and stratigraphic mapping of hydrated sulfate and phyllosilicate-bearing deposits| Implications for the aqueous history of Sinus Meridiani, Mars.

Degree: 2009, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371615

► Data acquired by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) are used in conjunction with additional data sets to perform detailed stratigraphic and spectral analyses with… (more)

▼ Data acquired by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) are used in conjunction with additional data sets to perform detailed stratigraphic and spectral analyses with the goal of identifying and mapping the mineralogy and stratigraphy of sedimentary deposits to infer the aqueous history of the Sinus Meridiani region on Mars. Datasets utilized include MRO Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM), MRO Context Imager, MRO High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment, Mars Express (MEX) Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activite, MEX High Resolution Stereo Camera, Mars Odyssey (ODY) Thermal Emission Imaging System, ODY Mars Orbital Camera, and ODY Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data. Spectral analyses focus on detection, identification, and mapping of hydrated and/or hydroxylated alteration minerals in the near infrared region between ∼1.0 and 2.5 μm. An extensive analysis is presented on methods for the retrieval of atmospherically corrected CRISM surface Lambert Albedo spectra using Discrete Ordinate Radiative Transfer modeling. Sedimentary deposits indicative of a complex aqueous history occur in Sinus Meridiani. Fe/Mg phyllosilicate minerals, including Fe/Mg smectites, are detected in ancient Noachian cratered terrains. Fe/Mg smectites also occur in association with layered sedimentary deposits that unconformably overlie the Noachian cratered terrain. Both of these units predate the formation of the sulfate and hematite-bearing unit on which the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity landed. At least one episode of intense erosion acted on the sedimentary deposits. A thick sequence of layered hydrated sulfate deposits that are texturally and spectrally distinct from the sulfate rich bedrock explored by the Opportunity Rover occurs in northern Sinus Meridiani. Detailed stratigraphic analyses indicate that these deposits are not readily explained by a simple layered stratigraphy and an unconformable facies change is inferred to have occurred. The presence of Fe/Mg smectite-bearing deposits indicates that the low pH conditions experienced by younger hematite-bearing materials are not representative of the aqueous geochemical environment that prevailed during the formation of earlier materials. The deposits in Sinus Meridiani record the transition from an open hydrologic system with near neutral pH conditions to a more arid acid-sulfate dominated ground water system.

Subjects/Keywords: Geology; Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wiseman, S. M. (2009). Spectral and stratigraphic mapping of hydrated sulfate and phyllosilicate-bearing deposits| Implications for the aqueous history of Sinus Meridiani, Mars. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371615

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wiseman, Sandra Margot. “Spectral and stratigraphic mapping of hydrated sulfate and phyllosilicate-bearing deposits| Implications for the aqueous history of Sinus Meridiani, Mars.” 2009. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371615.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wiseman, Sandra Margot. “Spectral and stratigraphic mapping of hydrated sulfate and phyllosilicate-bearing deposits| Implications for the aqueous history of Sinus Meridiani, Mars.” 2009. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Wiseman SM. Spectral and stratigraphic mapping of hydrated sulfate and phyllosilicate-bearing deposits| Implications for the aqueous history of Sinus Meridiani, Mars. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371615.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wiseman SM. Spectral and stratigraphic mapping of hydrated sulfate and phyllosilicate-bearing deposits| Implications for the aqueous history of Sinus Meridiani, Mars. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3371615

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

18. Nawrocki, Eric Paul. Structural RNA homology search and alignment using covariance models.

Degree: 2009, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3372748

► Functional RNA elements do not encode proteins, but rather function directly as RNAs. Many different types of RNAs play important roles in a wide… (more)

▼ Functional RNA elements do not encode proteins, but rather function directly as RNAs. Many different types of RNAs play important roles in a wide range of cellular processes, including protein synthesis, gene regulation, protein transport, splicing, and more. Because important sequence and structural features tend to be evolutionarily conserved, one way to learn about functional RNAs is through comparative sequence analysis - by collecting and aligning examples of homologous RNAs and comparing them. Covariance models (CMs) are powerful computational tools for homology search and alignment that score both the conserved sequence and secondary structure of an RNA family. However, due to the high computational complexity of their search and alignment algorithms, searches against large databases and alignment of large RNAs like small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) are prohibitively slow. Large-scale alignment of SSU rRNA is of particular utility for environmental survey studies of microbial diversity which often use the rRNA as a phylogenetic marker of microorganisms. In this work, we improve CM methods by making them faster and more sensitive to remote homology. To accelerate searches, we introduce a query-dependent banding (QDB) technique that makes scoring sequences more efficient by restricting the possible lengths of structural elements based on their probability given the model. We combine QDB with a complementary filtering method that quickly prunes away database subsequences deemed unlikely to receive high CM scores based on sequence conservation alone. To increase search sensitivity, we apply two model parameterization strategies from protein homology search tools to CMs. As judged by our benchmark, these combined approaches yield about a 250-fold speedup and significant increase in search sensitivity compared with previous implementations. To accelerate alignment, we apply a method that uses a fast sequence-based alignment of a target sequence to determine constraints for the more expensive CM sequence- and structure-based alignment. This technique reduces the time required to align one SSU rRNA sequence from about 15 minutes to 1 second with a negligible effect on alignment accuracy. Collectively, these improvements make CMs more powerful and practical tools for RNA homology search and alignment.

Subjects/Keywords: Biology, Molecular; Biology, Bioinformatics; Computer Science

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nawrocki, E. P. (2009). Structural RNA homology search and alignment using covariance models. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3372748

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nawrocki, Eric Paul. “Structural RNA homology search and alignment using covariance models.” 2009. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3372748.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nawrocki, Eric Paul. “Structural RNA homology search and alignment using covariance models.” 2009. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Nawrocki EP. Structural RNA homology search and alignment using covariance models. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3372748.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nawrocki EP. Structural RNA homology search and alignment using covariance models. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3372748

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

19. Arbor, Sage Child. Mimicking reverse turns with cyclic tetrapeptides.

Degree: 2008, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3332059

► Chemical mimics of the reverse turn structures in proteins have proven useful as therapeutics. This thesis describes the investigation of cyclic tetrapeptides (CTPs) which… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biology, Molecular; Chemistry, Biochemistry; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical

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APA (6^th Edition):

Arbor, S. C. (2008). Mimicking reverse turns with cyclic tetrapeptides. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3332059

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Arbor, Sage Child. “Mimicking reverse turns with cyclic tetrapeptides.” 2008. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3332059.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Arbor, Sage Child. “Mimicking reverse turns with cyclic tetrapeptides.” 2008. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Arbor SC. Mimicking reverse turns with cyclic tetrapeptides. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2008. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3332059.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Arbor SC. Mimicking reverse turns with cyclic tetrapeptides. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2008. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3332059

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

20. Buerge, Brandon T. The vortex flap.

Degree: 2008, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3332070

► The Vortex Flap is a new type of mechanically driven high-lift device consisting of a rotating cylinder placed underneath and near the trailing edge… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical

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APA (6^th Edition):

Buerge, B. T. (2008). The vortex flap. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3332070

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Buerge, Brandon T. “The vortex flap.” 2008. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3332070.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Buerge, Brandon T. “The vortex flap.” 2008. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Buerge BT. The vortex flap. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2008. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3332070.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Buerge BT. The vortex flap. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2008. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3332070

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

21. Watkins, Paul V. Feature topography and sound intensity level encoding in primary auditory cortex.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387456

► The primary auditory cortex (A1) in mammals is one of the first areas in the neocortex that receives auditory related spiking activity from the… (more)

▼ The primary auditory cortex (A1) in mammals is one of the first areas in the neocortex that receives auditory related spiking activity from the thalamus. Because the neocortex is implicated in regulating high-level brain phenomena, such as attention and perception, it is therefore important in regards to these high-level behaviors to understand how sounds are represented and transformed by neuronal circuits in this area. The topographic organization of neuronal responses to auditory features in A1 provides evidence for potential mechanisms and functional roles of this neural circuitry. This dissertation presents results from models of topographic organization supporting the notion that if the topographic organization of frequency responses, termed tonotopy or cochleotopy, is aligned along the longest anatomical line segment in A1, as supported by some physiological studies, then it is unlikely that any other topography is mapped monotonically along the orthogonal axis. Thresholds of neuronal responses to sound intensity level represent a particular feature that may have a local, highly periodic topography and that is vital to the sensitivity of the auditory system. The neuronal representation of sound level in A1, particularly as it relates to encoding accuracy, contains a distribution of neurons with varying amounts of inhibition at high sound levels. Neurons with large amounts of this high-level inhibition are described as nonmonotonic or level-tuned. This dissertation presents evidence from single neuron recordings in A1 that neurons exhibiting greater high-level inhibition also exhibit lower neuronal thresholds and that lower thresholds in these nonmonotonic neurons are preserved even when much of the neuronal population is adapted for accurately encoding more intense sounds. Evidence presented in this dissertation also suggests that nonmonotonic neurons have transient responses to time-varying (dynamic) level stimuli that adapt more quickly in response to low-level sounds than those of monotonic neurons. Together these results imply that under static, steady-state-dynamic and transient-dynamic sound level conditions, nonmonotonic neurons are specialized encoders of less intense sounds that allow the auditory system to maintain sensitivity under a variety of environmental conditions.

Subjects/Keywords: Biology, Neuroscience; Engineering, Biomedical

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Watkins, P. V. (2010). Feature topography and sound intensity level encoding in primary auditory cortex. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387456

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Watkins, Paul V. “Feature topography and sound intensity level encoding in primary auditory cortex.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387456.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Watkins, Paul V. “Feature topography and sound intensity level encoding in primary auditory cortex.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Watkins PV. Feature topography and sound intensity level encoding in primary auditory cortex. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387456.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Watkins PV. Feature topography and sound intensity level encoding in primary auditory cortex. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387456

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

22. Bradley, Michael John. Computational and experimental investigation of allosteric communication in the transcriptional regulator NikR.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387550

► The Ni²⁺ and DNA binding protein NikR is involved in nickel regulation in Escherichia coli through transcriptional repression of the NikABCDE nickel permease. NikR… (more)

▼ The Ni²⁺ and DNA binding protein NikR is involved in nickel regulation in Escherichia coli through transcriptional repression of the NikABCDE nickel permease. NikR is a homotetramer and each chain contains both a DNA binding ribbon-helix-helix (RHH) domain and a Ni²⁺ binding regulatory ACT (aspartokinase, chorismate mutase, TyrA) fold. Work herein combines computational modeling of NikR structure with experimental studies aimed at understanding allosteric communication between the ACT and RHH domains. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry shows a Ni²⁺ specific NikR conformational change relative to bound Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, and Zn²⁺. Concurrent coordination geometry and in vivo repressor function studies show that NikR activation is specific to binding Ni²⁺ in square-planar geometry. These results suggest that regions of the NikR structure distal to the Ni²⁺ binding sites are involved in allosteric communication. To help determine important residue interactions within and between the RHH and ACT domains that are involved in allostery, an equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is utilized to explore the conformational dynamics of the NikR tetramer. This study includes advances in methods development focused on identifying signatures of allosteric communication in MD simulations. Using two different correlation measures based on fluctuations in atomic position and non-covalent bonding, we identify a potential allosteric communication pathway between the Ni²⁺ and DNA binding sites. We also apply a graph theoretic approach to map the most probable networks of non-covalent contacts connecting the two functionally important binding sites. Several of the residues identified by our analyses have been shown experimentally to be important for NikR function. An additional subset of the selected residues structurally connects experimentally important residues and may help coordinate allosteric communication between the ACT and RHH domains. Based on these analyses and additional structural interpretations, site-directed mutagenesis of E. coli NikR and subsequent characterization of changes in Ni²⁺ binding and in vivo repressor function of mutants aid our understanding of the role of these residues in allosteric regulation. The combination of computational and experimental methods that are developed or adapted in this study provides a framework for further characterization of NikR, other ACT domain containing proteins, and other allosteric proteins.

Subjects/Keywords: Biology, Molecular; Chemistry, Biochemistry; Biophysics, General

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bradley, M. J. (2010). Computational and experimental investigation of allosteric communication in the transcriptional regulator NikR. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387550

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bradley, Michael John. “Computational and experimental investigation of allosteric communication in the transcriptional regulator NikR.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387550.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bradley, Michael John. “Computational and experimental investigation of allosteric communication in the transcriptional regulator NikR.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Bradley MJ. Computational and experimental investigation of allosteric communication in the transcriptional regulator NikR. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387550.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bradley MJ. Computational and experimental investigation of allosteric communication in the transcriptional regulator NikR. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387550

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

23. Wyczalkowski, Matthew A. Advances in computational solvation thermodynamics.

Degree: 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387681

► The aim of this thesis is to develop improved methods for calculating the free energy, entropy and enthalpy of solvation from molecular simulations. Solvation… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Physics, Condensed Matter; Biophysics, General

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wyczalkowski, M. A. (2010). Advances in computational solvation thermodynamics. (Thesis). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387681

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wyczalkowski, Matthew A. “Advances in computational solvation thermodynamics.” 2010. Thesis, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387681.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wyczalkowski, Matthew A. “Advances in computational solvation thermodynamics.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Wyczalkowski MA. Advances in computational solvation thermodynamics. [Internet] [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387681.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wyczalkowski MA. Advances in computational solvation thermodynamics. [Thesis]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3387681

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Washington University in St. Louis

24. Warner, Steve. Opposing Crosstalk between Rho1 and Cdc42 in Epithelial Morphogenesis.

Degree: PhD, Biology and Biomedical Sciences: Molecular Cell Biology, 2011, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/367

► Epithelial cells line all surfaces of the body exposed to external environments where they perform critical roles for maintaining homeostasis. In addition, epithelial cells are… (more)

▼ Epithelial cells line all surfaces of the body exposed to external environments where they perform critical roles for maintaining homeostasis. In addition, epithelial cells are implicated in several disease processes and are the most common cell type implicated in cancer. Therefore, understanding the regulation of epithelial cell development and function has important implications for adult homeostasis and disease states. The Rho family of small GTPases functions in a wide array of cellular processes in epithelial cells. However, in mammals Rho subfamilies have multiple members, often with overlapping roles, complicating the precise determination of Rho protein function in epithelial cells, especially in vivo. In Drosophila, two Rho subfamilies have only one member, Rho1 and Cdc42, which allows for straightforward loss-of-function analysis, in vivo. To determine the role of Rho1 and Cdc42 in Drosophila epithelia, we used mosaic clonal analysis and targeted RNA interference expression to perform loss-of-function studies with Rho1 and Cdc42 during pupal eye and larval imaginal disc morphogenesis. First, clonal analysis in the post-mitotic Drosophila pupal eye epithelium demonstrated that Rho1 was required to maintain AJ integrity independent of its role in sustaining apical cell tension. Rho1 depletion disrupted adherens junctions only when depleted in adjacent cells. Rho1 maintained AJs by inhibiting DE-cadherin endocytosis in a Cdc42/Par6-dependent manner. In contrast, depletion of Rho1 in single cells decreased apical tension, and Rok and Myosin were necessary downstream of Rho1 to sustain apical cell tension. Second, clonal analysis in the pupal eye epithelium further demonstrated that Cdc42 was also critical in limiting apical cell tension. It did so by localizing Par6/aPKC to AJs, where this complex limited Rho1 activity, and thus, acto-myosin contractility. Lastly, studies in larval imaginal discs identified Cdc42 and the Par polarity complex as novel regulators of apoptosis-induced compensatory proliferation. Depletion or disruption of this complex from AJs induced JNK-dependent apoptosis and compensatory proliferation. This was mediated by increased Rho1-Rok activation downstream of Cdc42 depletion, and Rok's regulation of Myosin activity but not F-actin activated JNK. Therefore, opposing crosstalk between Rho1 and Cdc42 dictates epithelial cell shape, junctions, and compensatory proliferation during morphogenesis. Advisors/Committee Members: Greg Longmore.

Subjects/Keywords: Cellular Biology; Developmental Biology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Warner, S. (2011). Opposing Crosstalk between Rho1 and Cdc42 in Epithelial Morphogenesis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/367

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Warner, Steve. “Opposing Crosstalk between Rho1 and Cdc42 in Epithelial Morphogenesis.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/367.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Warner, Steve. “Opposing Crosstalk between Rho1 and Cdc42 in Epithelial Morphogenesis.” 2011. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Warner S. Opposing Crosstalk between Rho1 and Cdc42 in Epithelial Morphogenesis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/367.

Council of Science Editors:

Warner S. Opposing Crosstalk between Rho1 and Cdc42 in Epithelial Morphogenesis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/367

Washington University in St. Louis

25. Vargas, Claudia. Development Of Thymic Natural Killer Cells From Double Negative 1 Thymocyte Precursors.

Degree: PhD, Biology and Biomedical Sciences: Immunology, 2011, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/657

► While there has been much progress in defining the specificity and function of natural killer: NK) cells, their differentiation has not been fully elucidated. Previous… (more)

▼ While there has been much progress in defining the specificity and function of natural killer: NK) cells, their differentiation has not been fully elucidated. Previous studies of thymocyte development in vitro indicate that double negative: CD4<super>&minus</super>CD8<super>&minus</super>, DN) thymocytes can develop into cells with NK cell markers, but these cells have not been well characterized. Moreover, a subpopulation of NK cells which requires an intact thymus, i.e, thymic NK cells, has been described with selective expression of CD127 although their origin and differentiation are also poorly understood. Herein, we generated and characterized NK cells differentiating from thymic DN precursors. We enriched potential progenitors by sorting DN1: CD44<super>&plus</super>CD25<super>&minus</super>) CD122<super>&minus</super>NK1.1<super>&minus</super> thymocytes from Rag1 deficient mice for adoptive transfer into Rag1<super>&minus/&minus</super>Ly5.1 congenic mice. Following intrathymic injection, donor-derived cells phenotypically resembling thymic CD127<super>&plus</super> NK cells were found in thymus and spleen. To further characterize these cells, we seeded sorted DN1 CD122<super>&minus</super>NK1.1<super>&minus</super> thymocytes on a confluent monolayer of irradiated OP9 bone marrow stromal cells in the presence of IL15, IL7, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand: Flt3L) and stem cell factor: SCF). Flow cytometry results showed NK1.1<super>&plus</super> cells emerged after at least 7 days in culture. By using limiting dilution analysis, we demonstrated a cell frequency of 0.24%: 1 out of 414 sorted thymocytes were able to generate an NK1.1<super>&plus</super> cell population). In vitro differentiated NK cells acquired markers associated with the development of conventional bone marrow&ndash derived splenic NK cells, but also expressed CD127, which is typically found on thymic NK cells. In-depth studies using gene chip microarrays further confirmed in vitro differentiated NK cells more closely resembled thymic NK cells as both expressed novel markers such as CD25 and CD103, which were not expressed by splenic NK cells. Finally, we found that in vitro cells generated from thymic precursors secreted cytokines when stimulated and degranulated upon target exposure, indicating that they were functional. Together, these data indicate that thymic NK cells can develop from a DN1 progenitor cell and may perhaps have a specific role that sets them apart from their splenic counterparts. Advisors/Committee Members: Wayne Yokoyama.

Subjects/Keywords: Immunology; Development; Natural killer cells; Thymic NK cell

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Vargas, C. (2011). Development Of Thymic Natural Killer Cells From Double Negative 1 Thymocyte Precursors. (Doctoral Dissertation). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/657

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vargas, Claudia. “Development Of Thymic Natural Killer Cells From Double Negative 1 Thymocyte Precursors.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/657.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vargas, Claudia. “Development Of Thymic Natural Killer Cells From Double Negative 1 Thymocyte Precursors.” 2011. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Vargas C. Development Of Thymic Natural Killer Cells From Double Negative 1 Thymocyte Precursors. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/657.

Council of Science Editors:

Vargas C. Development Of Thymic Natural Killer Cells From Double Negative 1 Thymocyte Precursors. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/657

Washington University in St. Louis

26. Wanda, Paul. The Effect of Sensory Experience and Movement Observation on Motor Adaptation to Novel Force Perturbations.

Degree: PhD, Biomedical Engineering, 2011, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/662

► On a daily basis, humans capably and effortlessly interact with their surrounding environment through the performance of accurate movements. Movements are often perturbed through the… (more)

▼ On a daily basis, humans capably and effortlessly interact with their surrounding environment through the performance of accurate movements. Movements are often perturbed through the physical influence of the surrounding environment, interaction with objects, or injury, yet adaptation is both rapid and flexible. When adapting, humans are informed by their direct trial-and-error movement experience, incrementally updating predictive control on the next movement; how the brain processes sensed errors into adaptation is not fully known. We may also learn to move through the observation of the movements of others, as visually observed movement information may be transformed into motor memories that influence subsequent motor command; the neural computations underlying such a learning process are not well understood. In this thesis, I aimed to further understand how people incrementally update their predictive motor control in novel haptic environments as a function of sensation during action and during observation. Theories of motor learning suggest that adaptation scales with the size of experienced error. Previous studies have indicated the relationship between adaptation and sensed error can be modulated by statistics of the perturbing environment. In Chapter 2, we considered how the duration of experienced force perturbations might modulate adaptive strategy and found that people becomes increasingly sensitive to kinematic and dynamic sensory signals when experiencing perturbations of decreasing duration. We further found that subjects experiencing pulsatile forces adapted their steady-state feedforward prediction of dynamics with a persistently mismatched breadth when compared to the duration of experienced forces, but learned to closely match the experienced duration of full-movement forces. In the next two sections, we considered the learning effects of movement observation. In Chapter 3, we newly designed and implemented an experimental paradigm in which movement and observation were interleaved, varying the strength of perturbations and associated kinematics from trial-to-trial. Based on previous descriptions of long-term learning by observing, we hypothesized that incremental adaptation would be corrective with respect to observed errors but more modest in magnitude than gains from physical practice. Instead, we found that the incremental adaptive response of movement observation generally countered the direction of experienced forces and was similar in magnitude to the response following action, but was not error-corrective with respect to real-valued signals. Previous research had established an initial advantage when adapting to novel dynamics following observation but the learning processes influencing this effect were unknown. In Chapter 4, we newly demonstrated that the long-term movement observation resulted in adaptive changes in feedforward predictive dynamics. We found that observation generated a small, but significant, compensatory change in reach dynamics that could be characterized by a learned… Advisors/Committee Members: Kurt Thoroughman.

Subjects/Keywords: Biomedical engineering; Neurosciences; computational neuroscience; haptic environments; human motor adaptation; motor control; movement observation; trial-by-trial learning

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wanda, P. (2011). The Effect of Sensory Experience and Movement Observation on Motor Adaptation to Novel Force Perturbations. (Doctoral Dissertation). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/662

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wanda, Paul. “The Effect of Sensory Experience and Movement Observation on Motor Adaptation to Novel Force Perturbations.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/662.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wanda, Paul. “The Effect of Sensory Experience and Movement Observation on Motor Adaptation to Novel Force Perturbations.” 2011. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Wanda P. The Effect of Sensory Experience and Movement Observation on Motor Adaptation to Novel Force Perturbations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/662.

Council of Science Editors:

Wanda P. The Effect of Sensory Experience and Movement Observation on Motor Adaptation to Novel Force Perturbations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/662

27. Muegge, Brian David. The Influence of Diet on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome.

Degree: PhD, Biology and Biomedical Sciences: Molecular Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, 2013, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1064

► The mammalian gut is residence to a large microbial community whose collective set of millions of genes: microbiome) encodes a vast array of functions,… (more)

▼ The mammalian gut is residence to a large microbial community whose collective set of millions of genes: microbiome) encodes a vast array of functions, including many that process dietary components. Few tools are available to change the microbiome's properties to promote host health because the factors governing community assembly and operation are poorly understood. My thesis focused on the impact of one factor, host diet. I used a variety of experimental and computational methods to perform a comparative metagenomic study of the fecal communities of 39 diverse mammals to assess microbiome variation. These animals included herbivores, omnivores and carnivores representing different portions of the mammalian tree, Targeted sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and shotgun gene sequencing of total fecal DNA revealed that animals with similar diets possessed similar microbiomes, both in terms of bacterial species detected and the functions that their genomes encoded. A large number of genes were found in all gut microbiomes, but the relative abundance of many traits was differentially represented in carnivorous compared to herbivorous hosts, demonstrating that diet can shape a microbiome. We next studied microbiome variation within a single host species consuming a range of diets, using a population of 18 calorie-restricted adult humans with carefully recorded dietary intake. Even in these free-living, unrelated individuals, the amount of protein and dietary fiber consumed was significantly correlated with the variation in the gut metagenomes. My second study addressed the period of dramatic dietary variation in human life when breast fed infants are weaned. The study population was a birth cohort of 103 children born in Bangladesh, some of who developed malnutrition during the first two years of life. My results demonstrate that despite large inter-personal variation, common patterns are found in the establishment of bacterial species and functions as the children age. The data revealed a developmental pattern of human gut microbiome functional assembly. This was exemplified by the emergence of glycan degradation capacity in all children studied. Some of the taxonomic and functional changes can be correlated with the host's diet, but many properties of the developing infant microbiome cannot be explained by diet alone. Advisors/Committee Members: Jeffrey I Gordon.

Subjects/Keywords: Human Microbiome; Metagenomics; Microbial Ecology; Microbiology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Muegge, B. D. (2013). The Influence of Diet on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome. (Doctoral Dissertation). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1064

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Muegge, Brian David. “The Influence of Diet on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1064.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Muegge, Brian David. “The Influence of Diet on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome.” 2013. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Muegge BD. The Influence of Diet on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2013. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1064.

Council of Science Editors:

Muegge BD. The Influence of Diet on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2013. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1064

Washington University in St. Louis

28. Lin, Peng. New methods for discovering common and rare genetic variants in human disease.

Degree: PhD, Biology and Biomedical Sciences: Human and Statistical Genetics, 2011, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/606

► Since the discovery of Mendel's laws, one of the most challenging problems in genetic research has been to locate and characterize genetic variants that cause… (more)

▼ Since the discovery of Mendel's laws, one of the most challenging problems in genetic research has been to locate and characterize genetic variants that cause human disease. Although thousands of disease-associated genetic variants have been discovered, many remain unknown. New methods are needed to facilitate the discovery process. Here, we present new methodology to improve detection of these genetic variants for genotyping imputation, Copy Number Variations: CNV) and sequencing data. Currently, imputation is widely used to evaluate the evidence for association at genetic markers that are not directly-genotyped. However, imputation can be problematic especially when a genetic variant has low minor allele frequency. We present a new statistic, the imputation quality score, developed to better differentiate well-imputed and poorly-imputed SNPs. It is particularly useful for SNPs with low minor allele frequency and datasets that are genotyped on different platforms. CNV calling, on the other hand, is not reliable. We developed a statistical method for estimating sensitivity and positive predictive rate, and evaluated the relative performance of CNV calling on a genome wide scale. We found that the positive predictive rate increases with the number of probes and the size of CNVs. We also noticed that CNVs reported by multiple programs have a higher reproducibility rate and positive predictive rate. This method was applied to the dataset from the Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment. Our analysis revealed that CNVs in 6q14.1: P= 1.04 x10^-6) and 5q13.2: P= 3.37 x10 ^-4) are significantly associated with alcohol dependence after adjusting for multiple tests. Evidence also suggested that CNVs at 5q13.2 increase the risk for alcohol dependence by lowering conscientiousness, or more specifically, self-discipline. As genetics is looking towards the future with sequencing data, improved methods are needed for rare variants. By taking advantage of the simulation data from the Genetic Analysis Workshop, we integrated both the collapsing method and the family data method in an attempt to increase power for rare variants. We concluded that this combinational approach offers a substantial power boost for certain causal genes, and is therefore worth further investigation. By focusing on improving the interpretation of data from imputation, CNV calling and sequencing, our work parallels the development of genetic research over the past few years, provides a direction for on-going methods development, and will be useful for future research endeavors. Advisors/Committee Members: John Rice.

Subjects/Keywords: Biostatistics; Genetics; Alcohol dependence; CNV accuracy; Collapsing; Imputation accuracy; Rare variants

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lin, P. (2011). New methods for discovering common and rare genetic variants in human disease. (Doctoral Dissertation). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/606

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lin, Peng. “New methods for discovering common and rare genetic variants in human disease.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/606.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lin, Peng. “New methods for discovering common and rare genetic variants in human disease.” 2011. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Lin P. New methods for discovering common and rare genetic variants in human disease. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/606.

Council of Science Editors:

Lin P. New methods for discovering common and rare genetic variants in human disease. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2011. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/606

Washington University in St. Louis

29. Chipara, Octav. Towards Real-time Wireless Sensor Networks.

Degree: PhD, Computer Science and Engineering, 2010, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/62

► Wireless sensor networks are poised to change the way computer systems interact with the physical world. We plan on entrusting sensor systems to collect medical… (more)

▼ Wireless sensor networks are poised to change the way computer systems interact with the physical world. We plan on entrusting sensor systems to collect medical data from patients, monitor the safety of our infrastructure, and control manufacturing processes in our factories. To date, the focus of the sensor network community has been on developing best-effort services. This approach is insufficient for many applications since it does not enable developers to determine if a system's requirements in terms of communication latency, bandwidth utilization, reliability, or energy consumption are met. The focus of this thesis is to develop real-time network support for such critical applications. The first part of the thesis focuses on developing a power management solution for the radio subsystem which addresses both the problem of idle-listening and power control. In contrast to traditional power management solutions which focus solely on reducing energy consumption, the distinguishing feature of our approach is that it achieves both energy efficiency and real-time communication. A solution to the idle-listening problem is proposed in Energy Efficient Sleep Scheduling based on Application Semantics: ESSAT). The novelty of ESSAT lies in that it takes advantage of the common features of data collection applications to determine when to turn on and off a node's radio without affecting real-time performance. A solution to the power control problem is proposed in Real-time Power Aware-Routing: RPAR). RPAR tunes the transmission power for each packet based on its deadline such that energy is saved without missing packet deadlines. The main theoretical contribution of this thesis is the development of novel transmission scheduling techniques optimized for data collection applications. This work bridges the gap between wireless sensor networks and real-time scheduling theory, which have traditionally been applied to processor scheduling. The proposed approach has significant advantages over existing design methodologies:: 1) it provides predictable performance allowing for the performance of a system to be estimated upon its deployment,: 2) it is possible to detect and handle overload conditions through simple rate control mechanisms, and: 3) it easily accommodates workload changes. I developed this framework under a realistic interference model by coordinating the activities at the MAC, link, and routing layers. The last component of this thesis focuses on the development of a real-time patient monitoring system for general hospital units. The system is designed to facilitate the detection of clinical deterioration, which is a key factor in saving lives and reducing healthcare costs. Since patients in general hospital wards are often ambulatory, a key challenge is to achieve high reliability even in the presence of mobility. To support patient mobility, I developed the Dynamic Relay Association Protocol – a simple and effective mechanism for dynamically discovering the right relays for forwarding patient data – and a Radio… Advisors/Committee Members: Chenyang Lu.

Subjects/Keywords: Computer Science; patient monitoring, radio propagation, real-time communication, schedulability analysis, wireless communication, wireless sensor networks

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chipara, O. (2010). Towards Real-time Wireless Sensor Networks. (Doctoral Dissertation). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/62

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chipara, Octav. “Towards Real-time Wireless Sensor Networks.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/62.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chipara, Octav. “Towards Real-time Wireless Sensor Networks.” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Chipara O. Towards Real-time Wireless Sensor Networks. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/62.

Council of Science Editors:

Chipara O. Towards Real-time Wireless Sensor Networks. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2010. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/62

30. Mao, Albert Hsuan-Han. Primary Structure and Solution Conditions Determine Conformational Ensemble Properties of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins.

Degree: PhD, Biology and Biomedical Sciences: Computational and Molecular Biophysics, 2014, Washington University in St. Louis

URL: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1250

► Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are a class of proteins that do not exhibit well-defined three-dimensional structures. The absence of structure is intrinsic to their… (more)

▼ Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are a class of proteins that do not exhibit well-defined three-dimensional structures. The absence of structure is intrinsic to their amino acid sequences, which are characterized by low hydrophobicity and high net charge per residue compared to folded proteins. Contradicting the classic structure-function paradigm, IDPs are capable of interacting with high specificity and affinity, often acquiring order in complex with protein and nucleic acid binding partners. This phenomenon is evident during cellular activities involving IDPs, which include transcriptional and translational regulation, cell cycle control, signal transduction, molecular assembly, and molecular recognition. Although approximately 30% of eukaryotic proteomes are intrinsically disordered, the nature of IDP conformational ensembles remains unclear. In this dissertation, we describe relationships connecting characteristics of IDP conformational ensembles to their primary structures and solution conditions. Using molecular simulations and fluorescence experiments on a set of base-rich IDPs, we find that net charge per residue segregates conformational ensembles along a globule-to-coil transition. Speculatively generalizing this result, we propose a phase diagram that predicts an IDP's average size and shape based on sequence composition and use it to generate hypotheses for a broad set of intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). Simulations reveal that acid-rich IDRs, unlike their oppositely charged base-rich counterparts, exhibit disordered globular ensembles despite intra-chain repulsive electrostatic interactions. This apparent asymmetry is sensitive to simulation parameters for representing alkali and halide salt ions, suggesting that solution conditions modulate IDP conformational ensembles. We refine the ion parameters using a calibration procedure that relies exclusively on crystal lattice properties. Simulations with these parameters recover swollen coil behavior for acid-rich IDRs, but also uncover a dependence on sequence patterning for polyampholytic IDPs. These contributions initiate an endeavor to elucidate general principles that enable prediction of an IDP's conformational ensemble based on primary structure and solution conditions, a goal analogous to structure prediction for folded proteins. Such principles would provide a molecular basis for understanding the roles of IDPs in physiology and pathophysiology, guide development of agents that modulate their behavior, and enable their rational design from chosen specifications. Advisors/Committee Members: Rohit V Pappu.

Subjects/Keywords: conformational ensemble; intrinsically disordered proteins; Metropolis-Hastings; molecular simulation; Monte Carlo; polyelectrolyte

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mao, A. H. (2014). Primary Structure and Solution Conditions Determine Conformational Ensemble Properties of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. (Doctoral Dissertation). Washington University in St. Louis. Retrieved from https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1250

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mao, Albert Hsuan-Han. “Primary Structure and Solution Conditions Determine Conformational Ensemble Properties of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Washington University in St. Louis. Accessed February 20, 2020. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1250.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mao, Albert Hsuan-Han. “Primary Structure and Solution Conditions Determine Conformational Ensemble Properties of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins.” 2014. Web. 20 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Mao AH. Primary Structure and Solution Conditions Determine Conformational Ensemble Properties of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2014. [cited 2020 Feb 20]. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1250.

Council of Science Editors:

Mao AH. Primary Structure and Solution Conditions Determine Conformational Ensemble Properties of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Washington University in St. Louis; 2014. Available from: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1250

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations