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University of Waterloo
1.
Batmaz, Rasim.
Adsorption of an Organic Dye with Cellulose
Nanocrystals.
Degree: Master of Applied Science, Chemical Engineering, 2013, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7427 
► In developing countries many industries use dyes to colour their products, such as textiles, rubber, paper, cosmetics, leather, plastics, and food industries. Such a wide…
(more)
▼ In developing countries many industries use dyes to
colour their products, such as textiles, rubber, paper, cosmetics,
leather, plastics, and food industries. Such a wide range of using
dyes in many industries increases the demand of dye, and currently
100,000 dyes are commercially available with a rough estimated
production of 10⁶ tones/year. Without proper treatment, dye
effluent can be mixed with surface and ground water system and it
may finally enter the drinking water system. Therefore, the
treatment of dye effluents before discharge to the environment has
become an global challenge due to the stability and adverse effects
of dyes. Among the present methods, adsorption has been preferred
to other conventional techniques due to the simple design and
operation, low initial investment,effectiveness and insensitivity
to toxic substances. The high surface area and the presence of
permanent negative charge on the surface makes cellulose
nanocrystal (CNC) an excellent candidate for the adsorption of
basic (cationic) dyes. The objective of this project is to evaluate
the adsorption properties of CNC for the removal of methylene blue
from aqueous solution by changing the parameters, such as adsorbent
dosage, initial dye concentration, pH, temperature and salt
concentration. It was found that the adsorption is independent of
pH, however increase in temperature and ionic strength decreased
the removal percentage slightly. The Langmuir and Freundlich
isotherms were used to evaluate the feasibility of the adsorption
process. The adsorption capacity of CNC was determined using the
linearized form of Langmuir model. It possessed a value of 118 mg/g
at pH 9 and 25 °C. To enhance the adsorption, CNC was oxidized with
TEMPO reagent to convert primary hydroxyl groups to carboxyl groups
that provides more negative charge. After the oxidation, the
adsorption capacity increased from 118 to 769 mg/g.
Subjects/Keywords: Cellulose Nanocrystal; Dye adsorption; Chemical Engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Batmaz, R. (2013). Adsorption of an Organic Dye with Cellulose
Nanocrystals. (Masters Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7427
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Batmaz, Rasim. “Adsorption of an Organic Dye with Cellulose
Nanocrystals.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7427.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Batmaz, Rasim. “Adsorption of an Organic Dye with Cellulose
Nanocrystals.” 2013. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Batmaz R. Adsorption of an Organic Dye with Cellulose
Nanocrystals. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7427.
Council of Science Editors:
Batmaz R. Adsorption of an Organic Dye with Cellulose
Nanocrystals. [Masters Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7427
University of Waterloo
2.
Norris, Sarah.
Contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pumping to
resting mouse muscle metabolism.
Degree: MS, Kinesiology, 2009, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4479
► Few studies have quantified resting mouse muscle metabolism and even fewer studies have separated the contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ pumping to resting metabolic…
(more)
▼ Few studies have quantified resting mouse muscle
metabolism and even fewer studies have separated the contribution
of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ pumping to resting metabolic
rate. Furthermore, the studies that have attempted to quantify the
contribution of Ca2+ pumping have used indirect methods to inhibit
SR Ca2+ ATPase activity. The purpose of this study is to directly
quantify resting muscle oxygen consumption and the contribution of
SR Ca2+ pumping to resting oxygen consumption in mouse hindlimb
muscles by using CPA to specifically inhibit Ca2+ pump activity in
intact muscles at rest. The TIOX system was used to measure resting
muscle VO2 of extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus (SOL)
muscles at 30 °C and 20 °C. C57BL mice aged 8-12 weeks were used with
an average whole body mass of 23.8 g and EDL and SOL dry weights
averaging 1.88 mg and 1.8 mg, respectively. All muscle VO2
measurements are expressed per gram dry weight. There were no
differences (P>0.1) in resting muscle VO2 between EDL and SOL
muscles at either 30 °C (EDL, 2.05 µL/g/s; SOL, 2.27 µL/g/s) or 20 °C
(EDL, 0.62 µL/g/s; SOL, 0.71 µL/g/s). The average Q10 (3.1) was
determined from EDL and SOL VO2 measures at 20 °C and 30 °C. The
contribution of Ca2+ pumping by the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum
Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) was measured at 30 °C using a range of CPA
concentrations (1-15 µM) . There was a concentration-dependent
effect of CPA on oxygen consumption with increasing CPA
concentrations up to 10 µM resulting in progressively greater
reductions in muscle oxygen consumption. Specifically, 1, 5, 10,
and 15 µM CPA caused an 11, 35.4, 49.5, and 50.3% reduction in VO2.
There were no differences (P>0.1) between 10 and 15 µM CPA
indicating that 10 µM CPA induces maximal inhibition of SERCA in
isolated muscle preparations. The results indicate that the Ca2+
pumping by SERCA is responsible for ~50% of oxygen consumption in
resting mouse EDL and SOL muscle. This is the first study to use a
direct inhibitor of SERCA to quantify the contribution of Ca2+
cycling to resting oxygen consumption and therefore is a more
accurate reflection of the actual contribution of SERCA to resting
muscle oxygen consumption compared to previous findings. These
results suggest that SERCA energy consumption accounts for a large
portion of resting muscle metabolism and may represent a potential
therapeutic target for metabolic alterations to oppose
obesity.
Subjects/Keywords: sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase; skeletal muscle oxygen consumption; Kinesiology
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APA (6th Edition):
Norris, S. (2009). Contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pumping to
resting mouse muscle metabolism. (Masters Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4479
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Norris, Sarah. “Contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pumping to
resting mouse muscle metabolism.” 2009. Masters Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4479.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Norris, Sarah. “Contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pumping to
resting mouse muscle metabolism.” 2009. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Norris S. Contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pumping to
resting mouse muscle metabolism. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2009. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4479.
Council of Science Editors:
Norris S. Contribution of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pumping to
resting mouse muscle metabolism. [Masters Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4479
University of Waterloo
3.
Padmanabhan, Rangarajan.
Performance characterization of shielded metal arc welding power supply designs.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14439
► Engine driven welding power supplies are widely used for Shielded metal arc welding process in field applications such as pipeline industry, where there is a…
(more)
▼ Engine driven welding power supplies are widely used for Shielded metal arc welding process in field applications such as pipeline industry, where there is a lack of electricity grid. Being a manual process, the welder’s preference towards a DC generator based power supply over a chopper based power supply requires the need for scientific/quantitative evidence to back the reasons for this preference. Due to differences in the mechanism used to control the current, the current pulse profile generated by either machine is different from one another. This difference in the current profile affects the metal transfer phenomenon as well as the arc stability causing difficulty to the welder. Therefore, current and voltage signals collected using high-speed data acquisition system was analyzed and these signals were synchronized with high-speed video in order to observe and explain the mode of metal transfer. The experiments were performed with operators of different experience levels; at different welding positions in order to determine how the characteristic of power supply alone truly affect the current, voltage signals and metal transfer. Auxiliary outputs such as melt-off rates, and the ease of bridging increasing gaps were used for further comparisons between the power supplies. The results showed the predominant mode of metal transfer for either electrodes, E6010 and E7018. Results from heatscatter plots and high-speed videos explain the reasons provided by the welders for their preference towards DC generator based power supply. Lower voltage range provided by the DC generator based power supply explains for the tighter arc produced by it, while the higher current range and rapid arc movement at the tip of the electrode explains the easier arc control and restart-ability provided by the DC generator based power supply. Moreover, at the same average current level for both power supplies, DC generator based power supply produced a better melt-off rate compared to chopper based power supply, affecting the productivity.
Subjects/Keywords: SMAW; High-speed videos; power supply
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APA (6th Edition):
Padmanabhan, R. (2019). Performance characterization of shielded metal arc welding power supply designs. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14439
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Padmanabhan, Rangarajan. “Performance characterization of shielded metal arc welding power supply designs.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14439.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Padmanabhan, Rangarajan. “Performance characterization of shielded metal arc welding power supply designs.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Padmanabhan R. Performance characterization of shielded metal arc welding power supply designs. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14439.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Padmanabhan R. Performance characterization of shielded metal arc welding power supply designs. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14439
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
4.
Dowling, Dylan.
Three Dimensional Digital Image Correlation for Dynamic Measurements.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14436
► Structural inspections have traditionally been completed by inspectors using simple tools to determine the health of a structure. The limitations using these techniques led to…
(more)
▼ Structural inspections have traditionally been completed by inspectors using simple tools to determine the health of a structure. The limitations using these techniques led to the development of quantitative sensors such as strain gauges, displacement transducers, and accelerometers. These sensors are still limited by requiring physical access to the structure and extensive cabling and setup. Optical techniques, such as laser Doppler vibrometry and photogrammetry, have been developed to allow technicians to inspect the structure with little or no physical access to the structure and minimal cabling. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a photogrammetry technique that involves tracking multiple subsets through a series of images to determine full field displacements. DIC can take the form of 2D DIC using one camera or 3D DIC using more than one camera.
DIC use has typically focused on strain analysis, although researchers have recently begun to use DIC for full field dynamic analysis. Commercial packages have focused on strain analysis, with few software packages having any modal analysis capabilities built in. Commercial packages are also quite expensive. The goal of this work is to provide an open-source 3D DIC software package with built in modal analysis functionality. The software package will allow for use of various interpolation functions, shape functions, and de-noising options working within an Inverse Compositional Gauss-Newton (IC-GN) registration algorithm.
A numeric study was undertaken to determine optimal 2D and 3D DIC analysis parameters using the IC-GN algorithm. The numeric study made use of simulated images to provide improved control over image quality and to eliminate or control error sources. Images were simulated using 8px diameter speckles and a subpixel displacement from 0 to 1px. Left and right images were generated with a known horizontal displacement to simulate a classical stereo vision setup. For 2D analysis, a bicubic interpolation function with a 5x5 Gaussian blur is recommended. If the displacement field is known, then a matching shape function should be used. Otherwise, a 2nd order shape function should be used to ensure the displacements are captured. A subset size between 41x41px and 61x61px is recommended for 2D analysis. For 3D analysis, a bicubic interpolation function with no Gaussian blur is recommended. A higher order interpolation function was found to not improve error levels, and the Gaussian blur increased the random errors without improving the bias errors. A 2nd order shape function is recommended when matching between left/right images to capture deformation with imperfectly aligned cameras. A matching shape function is recommended for analyzing the sequential images if the displacement field is known, otherwise a 2nd order shape function should be used for analyzing sequential images as well. A 41x41px to 61x61px subset size is also recommended for 3D DIC analysis.
An experimental validation test was conducted on a thin, vibrating steel plate. This test…
Subjects/Keywords: digital image correlation; modal analysis; DIC; cameras; optical sensors
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APA (6th Edition):
Dowling, D. (2019). Three Dimensional Digital Image Correlation for Dynamic Measurements. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14436
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dowling, Dylan. “Three Dimensional Digital Image Correlation for Dynamic Measurements.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14436.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dowling, Dylan. “Three Dimensional Digital Image Correlation for Dynamic Measurements.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Dowling D. Three Dimensional Digital Image Correlation for Dynamic Measurements. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14436.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Dowling D. Three Dimensional Digital Image Correlation for Dynamic Measurements. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14436
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
5.
Cui, Bolun.
22-32 GHz Low-Noise Amplifier Design in 22-nm CMOS-SOI Technology.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14446
► This thesis explores the use of a 22-nm CMOS-SOI technology in the design of a two-stage amplifier which targets wide bandwidth, low noise and modest…
(more)
▼ This thesis explores the use of a 22-nm CMOS-SOI technology in the design of a two-stage amplifier which targets wide bandwidth, low noise and modest linearity in the 28 GHz band.
A design methodology with a transformer-coupled, noise-matching interstage is presented for minimizing the noise factor of the two-stage amplifier. Furthermore, benefits of interstage noise matching are discussed. Next, a transistor layout for minimizing noise and maintaining sufficient electromigration reliability is described. It is followed by an analysis of transformer configurations and a transformer layout example is depicted.
To verify the design methodology, two amplifier prototypes with noise-matching interstage were fabricated. Measurement shows that the first design achieves a peak gain of 20.7 dB and better-than-10-dB input and output return losses within a frequency range of 22.5 to 32.2 GHz. The lowest noise figure of 1.81 dB is achieved within the frequency range. Input IP3 of -13.4 dBm is achieved with the cost of 17.3 mW DC power consumption. When the bias at the back-gate is lowered from 2 V to 0.62 V, the power consumption is decreased to 5.6 mW and the peak gain drops down to 17.9 dB. Minimum noise figure increases from 1.81 to 2.13 dB and input IP3 drops to -14.4 dBm.
The folded output stage in the second design improves the input IP3 to -6.7 dBm at the cost of 35 mW total power consumption. The peak gain of the second design is 20.1 dB, and the lowest noise figure of 1.73 dB within a frequency range of 23.8 to 32.4 GHz. Both designs occupy about 0.05 mm2 active area.
Subjects/Keywords: Low-noise amplifier; RF feedback; mm-wave transformer; CMOS-SOI; Broadband amplifier; Metal oxide semiconductors, Complementary.; Silicon-on-insulator technology; Low noise amplifiers; Broadband amplifiers
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APA (6th Edition):
Cui, B. (2019). 22-32 GHz Low-Noise Amplifier Design in 22-nm CMOS-SOI Technology. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14446
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cui, Bolun. “22-32 GHz Low-Noise Amplifier Design in 22-nm CMOS-SOI Technology.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14446.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cui, Bolun. “22-32 GHz Low-Noise Amplifier Design in 22-nm CMOS-SOI Technology.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Cui B. 22-32 GHz Low-Noise Amplifier Design in 22-nm CMOS-SOI Technology. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14446.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Cui B. 22-32 GHz Low-Noise Amplifier Design in 22-nm CMOS-SOI Technology. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14446
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
6.
Pasini, Carlo Luigi.
The Squaring of the Circle: The Body According to Vitruvius – not daVinci.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14464
► An excerpt from a literary work of Classical literature is rendered in a self-directed manner. The literary passage in question is a description that was…
(more)
▼ An excerpt from a literary work of Classical literature is rendered in a self-directed manner. The literary passage in question is a description that was given at the turn of the current era by the architect, Vitruvius, in the treatise that he wrote for the Roman imperator, Augustus. The description is the same one that later inspired the Renaissance artist, Leonardo daVinci, to sketch the figure of a nude male, whose hands and feet are transposing a square and circle – The Vitruvian man. After the most reliable copy of the treatise by Vitruvius is determined to be the Mediæval manuscript archived at the British library, under the code number, 2767, in its Harlian collection, a digitisation is obtained from the library’s digital imaging services; the folios onto which the excerpt was copied are then isolated from it and further formatted, so that these facsimiles of the script can be layered to allow for the description to be traced. To begin the rendering process, the tracing of this script is transcribed into a legible format; then, the transcription is emended of idiosyncratic punctuations, shorthands, and spellings, which its Carolingian copyist adopted, but that its Classical author would not have adopted. Next, the part-of-speech of each word is analysed through a prototypical mnemonic system; and then, the stylistic word-orders used by the author/copist are parsed into analytical ones. To end, the parsed text is edited to give value to as many of the zero-value terms as possible, before the edited text is translated word-per-word, using either a word's cognate or latinate. Once done, the translation is enacted with the aid of architectural drawings to get feedback on whether or not it makes sense in time and space. In turn, this feedback loop repeats itself until an iteration is rendered that yields a reenactment, which cannot make any more sense.
Subjects/Keywords: Squaring of the Circle; Body; Vitruvius; Leonardo daVinci; Vitruvian man; DaVincian man; Metrology; Classical studies; Architecture; Architecture of Language; Micro-translation; Classical latin; Carolingian latin; Vitruvian latin; Feedback-Loop; Iterative process; Linguistics; Heuristics; Architectonics; Chomsky; Art-History; Architecture-Theory; Computer-Assisted Translation; Computer-Assisted Design; Lexicon and Grammar
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APA (6th Edition):
Pasini, C. L. (2019). The Squaring of the Circle: The Body According to Vitruvius – not daVinci. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14464
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pasini, Carlo Luigi. “The Squaring of the Circle: The Body According to Vitruvius – not daVinci.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14464.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pasini, Carlo Luigi. “The Squaring of the Circle: The Body According to Vitruvius – not daVinci.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Pasini CL. The Squaring of the Circle: The Body According to Vitruvius – not daVinci. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14464.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Pasini CL. The Squaring of the Circle: The Body According to Vitruvius – not daVinci. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14464
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
7.
Gauthier, Tasha-Leigh.
The feasibility of field based mechanical compression to reduce the capillary barrier effect and increase CO2 sequestration in a restored cutover peatland.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14442
► Ten years after restoration was implemented at the Bois-des-Bel peatland (BdB) in Quebec, there was limited hydrological connectivity between the regenerated Sphagnum moss and the…
(more)
▼ Ten years after restoration was implemented at the Bois-des-Bel peatland (BdB) in Quebec, there was limited hydrological connectivity between the regenerated Sphagnum moss and the remnant cutover peat due to the formation of a capillary barrier. This resulted in lower soil water content of the regenerated Sphagnum moss compared to a natural analogue, which may limit carbon sequestration potential. It may take > 40 years for the moss layer to compress and degrade to overcome this capillary barrier effect. Mechanical compression in a laboratory setting has demonstrated its potential to alter the hydrophysical properties of the moss; however, field studies are required. This study evaluated the effectiveness of field-based mechanical compression to ameliorate the capillary barrier effect, and increase CO2 sequestration in restored cutover peatlands. Two fields at BdB were compressed using a John Deere 6430 series tractor in January 2016, followed by hydrological and CO2 flux monitoring May-August 2016. The compressed fields were compared to a nearby uncompressed field, and a natural peatland ~2 km away to determine relative success of mechanical compression.
Field compression resulted in a moss height reduction of 8.5 cm (48%), an increase in bulk density, and a reduction in the proportion of macropores throughout the moss layer. Compression increased soil water retention and as such, the average soil moisture content in the Compressed site was consistently higher throughout the moss profile than in the Uncompressed site. This indicates a decrease in the capillary barrier effect, and an increase in moss resilience to drying, though the degree of increased resilience is unknown. The proportion of macropores in the Natural site was much lower than the Compressed site as mechanical compression did not create the same hydrophysical properties of natural decomposition and compression.
Despite the increase in water content in the Compressed site, moss productivity was not significantly higher than the Uncompressed site (p > 0.05; Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA on ranks). Further, ecosystem respiration significantly was higher in the Compressed site (p < 0.01, Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA on ranks), causing the area to be a slightly weaker CO2 sink. Having not characterized the increased resilience to drying, and with the increase in CO2 release, mechanical compression cannot be recommended without further investigation. Future work may include modelling of the moss hydrophysical properties to better characterize the resilience to drying after compression, and testing compression at an earlier stage of restoration to enhance CO2 uptake in moisture limited conditions.
Subjects/Keywords: peatland; restoration; sphagnum; capillary barrier; compression
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APA (6th Edition):
Gauthier, T. (2019). The feasibility of field based mechanical compression to reduce the capillary barrier effect and increase CO2 sequestration in a restored cutover peatland. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14442
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gauthier, Tasha-Leigh. “The feasibility of field based mechanical compression to reduce the capillary barrier effect and increase CO2 sequestration in a restored cutover peatland.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14442.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gauthier, Tasha-Leigh. “The feasibility of field based mechanical compression to reduce the capillary barrier effect and increase CO2 sequestration in a restored cutover peatland.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Gauthier T. The feasibility of field based mechanical compression to reduce the capillary barrier effect and increase CO2 sequestration in a restored cutover peatland. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14442.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Gauthier T. The feasibility of field based mechanical compression to reduce the capillary barrier effect and increase CO2 sequestration in a restored cutover peatland. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14442
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
8.
Wong, Edmund.
Improving Software Dependability through Documentation Analysis.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14452
► Software documentation contains critical information that describes a system’s functionality and requirements. Documentation exists in several forms, including code comments, test plans, manual pages, and…
(more)
▼ Software documentation contains critical information that describes a system’s functionality and requirements. Documentation exists in several forms, including code comments, test plans, manual pages, and user manuals. The lack of documentation in existing software systems is an issue that impacts software maintainability and programmer productivity. Since some code bases contain a large amount of documentation, we want to leverage these existing documentation to improve software dependability. Specifically, we utilize documentation to help detect software bugs and repair corrupted files, which can reduce the number of software error and failure to improve a system’s reliability (e.g., continuity
of correct service). We also generate documentation (e.g., code comment) automatically to help developers understand the source code, which helps improve a system’s maintainability (e.g., ability to undergo repairs and modifications).
In this thesis, we analyze software documentation and propose two branches of work, which focuses on three types of documentation including manual pages, code comments, and user manuals. The first branch of work focuses on documentation analysis because documentation contains valuable information that describes the behavior of the program. We automatically extract constraints from documentation and apply them on a dynamic analysis symbolic execution tool to find bugs in the target software, and we extract constraints manually from documentation and apply them on a structured-file parsing application to repair corrupted PDF files. The second branch of work focuses on automatic code comment generation to improve software documentation.
For documentation analysis, we propose and implement DASE and DocRepair. DASE leverages automatically extracted constraints from documentation to improve a dynamic analysis symbolic execution tool. DASE guides symbolic execution to focus the testing on execution paths that execute a program’s core functionalities using constraints learned from the documentation. We evaluated DASE on 88 programs from five mature real-world software suites to detect software bugs. DASE detects 12 previously unknown bugs that symbolic execution would fail to detect when given no input constraints, 6 of which have been confirmed by the developers.
In DocRepair we perform an empirical study to study and repair corrupted PDF files. We create the first dataset of 319 corrupted PDF files and conduct an empirical study on 119 real-world corrupted PDF files to study the common types of file corruption. Based on the result of the empirical study we propose a technique called DocRepair. DocRepair’s repair algorithm includes seven repair operators that utilizes manually extracted constraints from documentation to repair corrupted files. We evaluate DocRepair against three common PDF repair tools. Amongst the 1,827 collected corrupted files from over two corpora of PDF files, DocRepair can successfully repair 354 files compared to Mutool, PDFtk, and GhostScript which repair 508, 41 and…
Subjects/Keywords: natural language processing; code clone detection; documentation analysis; symbolic execution; code comment generation; bug detection
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APA (6th Edition):
Wong, E. (2019). Improving Software Dependability through Documentation Analysis. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14452
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wong, Edmund. “Improving Software Dependability through Documentation Analysis.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14452.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wong, Edmund. “Improving Software Dependability through Documentation Analysis.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Wong E. Improving Software Dependability through Documentation Analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14452.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Wong E. Improving Software Dependability through Documentation Analysis. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14452
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
9.
Drake, Jonathan Peter.
An Integral Projection Model for Giant Hogweed.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14456
► In this thesis I investigate the impact that the choice of model may have on predictions of giant hogweed population dynamics. It has been shown…
(more)
▼ In this thesis I investigate the impact that the choice of model may have on predictions of giant hogweed population dynamics. It has been shown in two case studies that population growth rates predicted by matrix population models may be biased if the number of plants sampled is low and plants are classified based on a continuous measure of their size. These same studies have shown that integral projection models do not provide biased estimates of population growth rates for populations with few plants sampled. In chapter 2 I construct a density-independent integral projection model for giant hogweed population dynamics and I use it to verify that the population growth rates do not significantly differ from a previously published matrix model of giant hogweed population dynamics. This research indicates that the conclusions made using the matrix population model are unaffected by the decision to discretize plant size.
A second major topic of research for giant hogweed populations is to predict the rate at which the species spreads. It has been shown that the rate of spread of a plant may be affected by the number of seeds produced by the population. In chapter 3 I develop two density-dependent integral projection models for giant hogweed populations and compare the total seed production predicted by each model. In both models I allow for recruitment to be limited by competition among seedlings. However, in the second model I also allow the probability of flowering to depend on intraspecific density. I find that the model with density-dependent flowering has oscillatory seed production and that the model predicts significantly fewer seeds every other year compared to the model with density-independent flowering. I conclude that accounting for competition among adult plants may affect predictions of the rate of spread of giant hogweed.
Subjects/Keywords: Integral Projection Model; Giant Hogweed; Density-Dependence; Invasive Species; Propagule Pressure; Long-Distance Dispersal; Equilibrium Analysis; Population Dynamics
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APA (6th Edition):
Drake, J. P. (2019). An Integral Projection Model for Giant Hogweed. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14456
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Drake, Jonathan Peter. “An Integral Projection Model for Giant Hogweed.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14456.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Drake, Jonathan Peter. “An Integral Projection Model for Giant Hogweed.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Drake JP. An Integral Projection Model for Giant Hogweed. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14456.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Drake JP. An Integral Projection Model for Giant Hogweed. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14456
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
10.
Glass, Brittney.
Examining Hydrogeological Processes in Freezing Soils using Remote Geophysical and Numerical Techniques.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14466
► The work presented in this thesis aimed to demonstrate the use of remote geophysical methods and numerical modelling to address questions related to hydrogeological processes…
(more)
▼ The work presented in this thesis aimed to demonstrate the use of remote geophysical methods and numerical modelling to address questions related to hydrogeological processes in freezing soils. Two different study areas and research questions were investigated: In chapter 1, Landsat 4-5 TM and RapidEye-3 datasets were used to identify groundwater discharge zones in the Central Mackenzie Valley of the Northwest Territories. Given that this area is undergoing active shale oil exploration, identification of groundwater discharge zones is of great importance. Discharge zones represent groundwater-surface water interaction points that are potential pathways for contaminants associated with hydraulic fracturing to move. Following the works of Morse and Wolfe (2015), a series of image algorithms were applied to imagery for the entire Central Mackenzie Valley, and for the Bogg Creek Watershed (a sub watershed of the CMV) for selected years between 2004 and 2017. The algorithm series extracted ‘icings’ from the images. Icings (also called aufeis) are surface ice lenses where groundwater discharges in the winter months, then freezes. Icings were statistically examined for all of the selected years to determine whether a significant difference in their occurrence and size existed. It was concluded that there was a significant difference in the spatial distribution of icings from year to year, but that there were several places where icings were recurring. During a field visit in August of 2018, high resolution thermal imagery was captured for several of these locations and it was found that groundwater was also discharging in the summer. This provides strong evidence to suggest that the recurring icings represent springs from which groundwater discharges year-round. These springs represent ideal locations to monitor the quality of discharging groundwater following the establishment of fracking operations. Furthermore, identifying these monitoring points remotely is expected to have drastically reduced the field efforts that would have been required to find them in situ. This thesis demonstrates the value of remote geophysical methods for hydrogeological applications, particularly in areas that have limited accessibility.
The second component of this thesis establishes a conceptual model that describes the processes which influence winter subsurface pipe and water main breakage in Southern Ontario. Recent winters in this region have seen a dramatic increase in the number of pipe/main breaks that occur above the regional water table, but below the freezing front. Though subsurface pipe breakage is well-understood in saturated conditions or in the case when it is encompassed within the freezing zone, it is not well understood in the conditions of unsaturated soil which is not frozen, but contains a frozen zone above it. It is hypothesized that differential stress may be exerted on a pipe as soils of different frost heaving potential freeze and expand above the pipe. Once a certain overburden pressure is exceeded and upward…
Subjects/Keywords: Groundwater; Icings; Freezing soils; Remote sensing; Hydrogeology; GW-SW Interactions; Differential stress
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Glass, B. (2019). Examining Hydrogeological Processes in Freezing Soils using Remote Geophysical and Numerical Techniques. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14466
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Glass, Brittney. “Examining Hydrogeological Processes in Freezing Soils using Remote Geophysical and Numerical Techniques.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14466.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Glass, Brittney. “Examining Hydrogeological Processes in Freezing Soils using Remote Geophysical and Numerical Techniques.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Glass B. Examining Hydrogeological Processes in Freezing Soils using Remote Geophysical and Numerical Techniques. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14466.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Glass B. Examining Hydrogeological Processes in Freezing Soils using Remote Geophysical and Numerical Techniques. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14466
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
11.
MacLean, Jean-Philippe.
Ultrafast Metrology in the Quantum Domain.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14471
► Single photons are a natural platform for quantum technologies as they support entanglement in many degrees of freedom and are inherently well protected from a…
(more)
▼ Single photons are a natural platform for quantum technologies as they support entanglement in many degrees of freedom and are inherently well protected from a detrimental type of noise called decoherence. In order to fully exploit photons for quantum technologies, it will be necessary to be able to shape, control, and measure their properties in all degrees of freedom: space, time, frequency, and polarization.
The time-frequency degree of freedom of light is of particular interest for quantum information tasks as it supports various encodings, including frequency bins and time bins, and is intrinsically robust for propagation through long-distance fibre links. Applications which harness quantum correlations in this degree of freedom, referred to as energy-time entanglement, include dispersion cancellation and high-dimensional quantum key distribution. However, detection of this entanglement and observation of these effects requires time resolution beyond the capabilities of current photon detectors. Thus, for operations on ultrafast time scales, more powerful and complex methods are required.
In this thesis, we use a nonlinear technique known as optical gating to surpass the limitations in current detectors and measure single photon pairs, improving the time resolution by two orders of magnitude. When a single photon enters a nonlinear medium at the same time as a strong laser pulse, it may upconvert to a higher energy photon. The strong laser pulse effectively acts as an ultrafast shutter or gate and this creates a high resolution snapshot of the photon in time. Optical gating in conjunction with single photon spectrometers then allow us to measure both the spectral and temporal features of photons on subpicosecond time scales.
These high resolution measurements enable us to explore a host of quantum effects which remained previously inaccessible. First, we directly observe energy-time entanglement, analogous to Einstein-Rosen-Podolsky correlations but \emph{in frequency and time}. Then, with full control over the dispersion of each photon, we observe nonlocal dispersion cancellation on femtosecond time scales. We also explore ultrafast interferometry in the quantum domain by temporally resolving two-photon interference from a Franson interferometer and observe a violation of the CHSH-Bell inequality. Finally, we show that, using these measurements, it is possible to reconstruct a two-photon energy-time entangled state. Such measurement capabilities will be essential to precisely control both the spectral and temporal shape of entangled photons and to develop new applications in quantum state engineering.
Subjects/Keywords: Quantum optics; Ultrafast optics; Quantum entanglement
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APA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
MacLean, J. (2019). Ultrafast Metrology in the Quantum Domain. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14471
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
MacLean, Jean-Philippe. “Ultrafast Metrology in the Quantum Domain.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14471.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
MacLean, Jean-Philippe. “Ultrafast Metrology in the Quantum Domain.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
MacLean J. Ultrafast Metrology in the Quantum Domain. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14471.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
MacLean J. Ultrafast Metrology in the Quantum Domain. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14471
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
12.
Jiang, Kai.
An Exploration of Destination Brand Love among Theme-Park Based Tourists and Excursionists.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14469
► “Love” towards a brand functions as one critical component of customer brand relationships (CBRs) (Fetscherin & Heinrich, 2015; Fournier, 1998). Brand love is an under-researched…
(more)
▼ “Love” towards a brand functions as one critical component of customer brand relationships (CBRs) (Fetscherin & Heinrich, 2015; Fournier, 1998). Brand love is an under-researched but increasingly important marketing construct that includes both cognitive and emotional dimensions (Albert & Merunka, 2013; Albert, Merunka, & Valette-Florence, 2008a; Albert, Merunka, & Valette-Florence, 2008b; Fournier, 1998). Destination brand love is a type of emotional place attachment that has not received enough scholarly attention (Aro, Suomi, & Saraniemi, 2018). The very few qualitative and exploratory studies on destination brand love call for quantitate investigations to establish its measurement items, reliability, and validity. Aro et al. (2018, p. 80), for instance, emphasized that “once destination brand love has been sufficiently explored qualitatively, further studies could develop quantitative measures.” The current study built on the academic literature on brand love and established the multi-dimensional and multi-indicator destination brand love construct. I defined destination brand love as the degree of intense affection a tourist holds for a branded destination. In this study, destination brand love features a six-dimensional structure comprising self-brand integration, passion-driven behaviours, positive emotional connection, long-term relationship, attitude strength, and attitude valence (Batra, Ahuvia, & Bagozzi, 2012). Destination brand love stands out as a highly inclusive marketing construct because of its more abundant variety of sub-dimensions, antecedents, and outcomes.
Consumers begin to interact with brands in their pre-patronage stage. In the case of theme-park based tourism, visitors’ pre-existing awareness, trust, and beliefs of a branded destination impact their overall emotional responses towards the destination. During travel experiences, evaluation of experiential attributes, such as shopping, activities and events, accessibility, attractions, environment, and dining, serves as a key catalyst to spark destination brand love. As a type of desirable CBR, brand loyalty requires close emotional bonds between consumers and brands and therefore is a potential outcome of destination brand love. Visitors’ actual on-site experiences at branded destinations may enhance their loyalty towards destinations. So far, few attempts have addressed the significance of destination brand love in constituting cognitive, attitudinal, and conative loyalty.
Previous research on the outcomes of brand love have focused heavily on the “brand love leads to loyalty” paradigm, while neglecting brand love’s non-business consequences. Part of the reason may be that earlier brand love studies are mostly from a business management perspective. Indeed, it is highly probable that tourists and excursionists experience “non-business” outcomes of destination brand love, such as enhanced individual well-being, improved quality of life, and more intimate family relationships. As mentioned by McCabe and Johnson (2013), the association…
Subjects/Keywords: Destination Brand Love; Brand Loyalty; Family Togetherness; Happiness; Theme Park; Branded Tourism Destinations
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APA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Jiang, K. (2019). An Exploration of Destination Brand Love among Theme-Park Based Tourists and Excursionists. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14469
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jiang, Kai. “An Exploration of Destination Brand Love among Theme-Park Based Tourists and Excursionists.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14469.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jiang, Kai. “An Exploration of Destination Brand Love among Theme-Park Based Tourists and Excursionists.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Jiang K. An Exploration of Destination Brand Love among Theme-Park Based Tourists and Excursionists. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14469.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Jiang K. An Exploration of Destination Brand Love among Theme-Park Based Tourists and Excursionists. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14469
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
13.
Coulas, Matthew.
Organic matter decomposition at a constructed fen in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region in Alberta, Canada.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14497
► Resource mining and extraction in northern Alberta has resulted in substantial disturbances across a variety of ecosystems, including fen peatlands. Provincial regulations require companies to…
(more)
▼ Resource mining and extraction in northern Alberta has resulted in substantial disturbances across a variety of ecosystems, including fen peatlands. Provincial regulations require companies to reclaim disturbed areas to their pre-existing function, with fen reclamation only being attempted in recent years. Fen peatlands store tremendous amounts of carbon (C) due to organic matter accumulation exceeding decomposition. Due to the length of time required for the development of these landscapes it is imperative to identify potential opportunities to minimize decomposition, thereby maximizing peat accumulation. To meet this objective, sufficient understanding of the biogeochemical and environmental controls of organic matter (OM) degradation is a priority.
This research estimates decomposition rate using the litter bag method and tea bag index at a constructed fen (Nikanotee fen) in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR) near Fort McMurray, Alberta. Throughout the growing season in 2017, environmental conditions including volumetric water content (VWC), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and soil temperature were measured to determine controls on decomposition. Additionally, soil and water samples were collected to determine biogeochemical controls on decomposition, namely phenolic compound concentration and extracellular enzyme activities. Laboratory incubations under oxic and anoxic conditions were also used to determine microbial respiration rates under varying treatments of peat, Carex aquatilis, Juncus balticus, straw, and wood-strand mulch, which (with the exception of straw) were all utilized in the construction of the Nikanotee fen. Mixed results were obtained from these two studies. Our field study suggests that Carex aquatilis biomass decomposes faster than Juncus balticus, and that decomposition is higher under plots planted with Carex aquatilis as opposed to Juncus balticus or left bare. Furthermore, we did not observe increased concentration of phenolics as a result of the wood-strand mulch, nor did we observe any significant evidence to support the enzymatic latch hypothesis at the constructed fen. Although we observed an inhibitory effect of phenolics on OM-degrading hydrolase enzymes at the reference sites, it was not observed at the constructed fen, nor was there a significant correlation between phenol oxidase (PO) activity and decomposition rate. Lastly, we found increased decomposition under higher pH, higher soil temperature, lower VWC and lower EC. Contrary to our field study, our laboratory findings suggest Juncus balticus may be of higher lability relative to the other treatments including Carex aquatilis. We also observed negative priming rates under oxic conditions from treatments containing Juncus balticus, while positive priming effects under anoxic conditions were observed from the Carex aquatilis treatments, which could significantly impact long-term C sequestration. Similar to the findings from our field study, our results from our laboratory incubation do not support the enzymatic latch…
Subjects/Keywords: Reclamation; Oil Sands; Peatlands; Enzymatic Latch; Phenolic Compounds; Extracellular enzymes; Priming; Isotopic Discrimination; Phenol oxidase; Hydrolase enzymes
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Coulas, M. (2019). Organic matter decomposition at a constructed fen in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region in Alberta, Canada. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14497
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Coulas, Matthew. “Organic matter decomposition at a constructed fen in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region in Alberta, Canada.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14497.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Coulas, Matthew. “Organic matter decomposition at a constructed fen in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region in Alberta, Canada.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Coulas M. Organic matter decomposition at a constructed fen in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region in Alberta, Canada. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14497.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Coulas M. Organic matter decomposition at a constructed fen in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region in Alberta, Canada. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14497
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
14.
Salem, Mahmoud.
Mining Event Traces from Real-time Systems for Anomaly Detection.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14474
► Real-time systems are a significant class of applications, poised to grow even further as autonomous vehicles and the Internet of Things (IoT) become a reality.…
(more)
▼ Real-time systems are a significant class of applications, poised to grow even further as autonomous vehicles and the Internet of Things (IoT) become a reality. The computation and communication tasks of the underlying embedded systems must comply with strict timing and safety requirements as undetected defects in these systems may lead to catastrophic failures. The runtime behavior of these systems is prone to uncertainties arising from dynamic workloads and extra-functional conditions that affect both the software and hardware over the course of their deployment, e.g., unscheduled firmware updates, communication channel saturation, power-saving mode switches, or external malicious attacks. The operation in such unpredictable environments prevents the detection of anomalous behavior using traditional formal modeling and analysis techniques as they generally consider worst-case analysis and tend to be overly conservative.
To overcome these limitations, and primarily motivated by the increasing availability of generated traces from real-time embedded systems, this thesis presents TRACMIN - Trace Mining using Arrival Curves - which is an anomaly detection approach that empirically constructs arrival curves from event traces to capture the recurrent behavior and intrinsic features of a given real-time system. The thesis uses TRACMIN to fill the gap between formal analysis techniques of real-time systems and trace mining approaches that lack expressive, human-readable, and scalable methods. The thesis presents definitions, metrics, and tools to employ statistical learning techniques to cluster and classify traces generated from different modes of normal operation versus anomalous traces. Experimenting with multiple datasets from deployed real-time embedded systems facing performance degradation and hardware misconfiguration anomalies demonstrates the feasibility and viability of our approaches on timestamped event traces generated from an industrial real-time operating system.
Acknowledging the high computation expense for constructing empirical arrival curves, the thesis provides a rapid algorithm to achieve desirable scalability on lengthy traces paving the way for adoption in research and industry. Finally, the thesis presents a robustness analysis for the arrival curves models by employing theories of demand-bound functions from the scheduling domain. The analysis provides bounds on how much disruption a real-time system modeled using our approach can tolerate before being declared anomalous, which is crucial for specification and certification purposes. In conclusion, TRACMIN combines empirical and theoretical methods to provide a concrete anomaly detection framework that uses robust models of arrival curves scalably constructed from event traces to detect anomalies that affect the recurrent behavior of a real-time system.
Subjects/Keywords: Arrival Curves; Anomaly Detection; Robustness; Real-time Systems
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Salem, M. (2019). Mining Event Traces from Real-time Systems for Anomaly Detection. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14474
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Salem, Mahmoud. “Mining Event Traces from Real-time Systems for Anomaly Detection.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14474.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Salem, Mahmoud. “Mining Event Traces from Real-time Systems for Anomaly Detection.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Salem M. Mining Event Traces from Real-time Systems for Anomaly Detection. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14474.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Salem M. Mining Event Traces from Real-time Systems for Anomaly Detection. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14474
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
15.
Malik, Muhammad Jahangir.
Formation and Removal of SOx and NOx in Pressurized Oxy-fuel Coal Combustion.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14473
► Growing concerns over greenhouse gas emissions have driven extensive research in carbon capture, storage and sequestration. Oxy-fuel combustion is a promising technology in CO2 capture,…
(more)
▼ Growing concerns over greenhouse gas emissions have driven extensive research in carbon capture, storage and sequestration. Oxy-fuel combustion is a promising technology in CO2 capture, as the combustion products consists primarily of CO2 and H2O with contaminants like NOx and SOx. More recently, oxy-fuel combustion under pressurized conditions has gained attention due to its overall higher net efficiency, while decreasing the auxiliary power consumption in the process.
The need for a better understanding of the coal combustion in oxy-fuel conditions under elevated pressures and the formation of SOx and NOx in such conditions inspired this research project. In this thesis, the effect of pressurized oxy-fuel combustion on SOx and NOx formation from coal combustion and their removal from the flue gas was investigated. The combustion modelling for lignite coal was conducted in ANSYS Fluent, under oxy-fuel environment at atmospheric pressure and elevated pressures (5 atm, 10 atm, 15 atm). The results showed an increase in SO3 formation and rapid decrease in NO in the flue gas as the pressure was increased in the combustor. At 15 atm, the NOx emissions were found to be below 100 ppm, which is an acceptable concentration of NOx for CO2 transport and storage.
In order to investigate the influence of pressure on SOx and NOx in the flue gas in the post-combustion zone, the system was subjected to a temperature profile representative of an actual plant boiler, where the residence time is around 2 seconds. The results showed that the rate of SO2 and NO oxidation to SO3 and NO2, respectively, were influenced by the rate of temperature decrease, and the effect of pressure was not as significant. It was observed that flue gas composition remained constant below 550 K, as all SO3 present in the flue gas converted to gaseous H2SO4.
Lastly, simulations for SOx and NOx removal from flue gas via absorption were performed at 15 atm to purify the flue gas to meet the requirements for CO2 transportation. The results showed complete removal of SOx in the form of H2SO4 and SO42- and around 30% NOx removal, mostly in the form of HNO3. A sensitivity analysis was performed on the reflux ratio of liquid in the absorber and the results showed increased NOx removal at lower reflux ratio. The investigation helped conclude that pressurized oxy-fuel combustion results in lower SOx and NOx emissions, and require less sophisticated separation techniques to meet the pipeline threshold for CO2 transportation in storage and sequestration.
Subjects/Keywords: oxy-fuel; combustion; Pressurized
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APA (6th Edition):
Malik, M. J. (2019). Formation and Removal of SOx and NOx in Pressurized Oxy-fuel Coal Combustion. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14473
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Malik, Muhammad Jahangir. “Formation and Removal of SOx and NOx in Pressurized Oxy-fuel Coal Combustion.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14473.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Malik, Muhammad Jahangir. “Formation and Removal of SOx and NOx in Pressurized Oxy-fuel Coal Combustion.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Malik MJ. Formation and Removal of SOx and NOx in Pressurized Oxy-fuel Coal Combustion. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14473.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Malik MJ. Formation and Removal of SOx and NOx in Pressurized Oxy-fuel Coal Combustion. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14473
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
16.
Schunk, Adam.
An Analysis on The Network Structure of Influential Communities in Twitter.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14476
► Over the past years online social networks have become a major target for marketing strategies, generating a need for methods to efficiently spread information through…
(more)
▼ Over the past years online social networks have become a major target for marketing strategies, generating a need for methods to efficiently spread information through these networks. Close knit communities have developed on these platforms through groups of users connecting with like minded individuals. In this thesis we use data pulled from Twitter's API and from simulations designed to mirror the Twitter network to pursue an in depth analysis of the network structure and influence of these communities. Through this analysis we draw several conclusions. First, the influence of users in these communities is correlated to the total number of followers in their neighborhood. Second, influential communities tend to be more tightly clustered than other areas of the network. Using these observations, we develop an algorithm to detect influential communities in Twitter and show that correctly prioritizing connections yields significant gains in message visibility.
Subjects/Keywords: Network Analysis; Social Network; Twitter; Social Influence
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Schunk, A. (2019). An Analysis on The Network Structure of Influential Communities in Twitter. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14476
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Schunk, Adam. “An Analysis on The Network Structure of Influential Communities in Twitter.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14476.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Schunk, Adam. “An Analysis on The Network Structure of Influential Communities in Twitter.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Schunk A. An Analysis on The Network Structure of Influential Communities in Twitter. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14476.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Schunk A. An Analysis on The Network Structure of Influential Communities in Twitter. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14476
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
17.
Scott, Christopher.
Hybrid Semiconductor Detectors for High Spatial Resolution Phase-contrast X-ray Imaging.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14475
► When conventional x-ray radiography presents inadequate absorption-contrast, higher sensitivity can be achieved using phase-contrast methods. The implementation of phase-contrast x-ray imaging using propagation-based techniques requires…
(more)
▼ When conventional x-ray radiography presents inadequate absorption-contrast, higher sensitivity can be achieved using phase-contrast methods. The implementation of phase-contrast x-ray imaging using propagation-based techniques requires stringent spatial resolution requirements that necessitate lengthy propagation distances and thin (and hence low detection efficiency) scintillator-based detectors. Thus, imaging throughput is limited, and the absorbed dose in the sample can be unacceptable for radiation sensitive life science and biomedical applications.
This work develops hybrid amorphous selenium and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor detectors with a unique combination of high spatial resolution and detection efficiency for hard x-rays. A semiconductor fabrication process was developed for large-area compatible vertical detector integration by back-end processing. Characterization of signal and noise performance using Fourier-based methods was performed by modulation transfer function, noise power spectrum, and detective quantum efficiency experiments using radiography and microfocus x-ray sources.
The measured spatial resolution at each stage of detector development was one of the highest, if not the highest reported for hard x-rays. In fact, charge carrier spreading from x-ray interactions with amorphous selenium was shown physically larger than the pixel pitch for the first time. A simultaneous factor of four improvement in detection efficiency compared to thin gadolinium oxysulfide-based scintillator detectors was also achieved, despite the detector being a relatively unoptimized prototype.
Fast propagation-based phase-contrast x-ray imaging in compact geometries is demonstrated using a conventional microfocus source. This simple implementation of the phase-contrast technique was applied to imaging the mouse stifle joint. Using propagation-based edge-enhancement the articular cartilage was delineated, opening the possibility of studying diseases such as osteoarthritis using a compact, relatively simple laboratory setup.
This research suggests that hybrid semiconductor technology offers the potential to fill the large performance deficit in high spatial resolution scintillator-based detectors for propagation-based phase-contrast x-ray imaging.
Subjects/Keywords: x-ray imaging; x-ray detector; spatial resolution; phase contrast; amorphous selenium; direct conversion
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APA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Scott, C. (2019). Hybrid Semiconductor Detectors for High Spatial Resolution Phase-contrast X-ray Imaging. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14475
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Scott, Christopher. “Hybrid Semiconductor Detectors for High Spatial Resolution Phase-contrast X-ray Imaging.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14475.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Scott, Christopher. “Hybrid Semiconductor Detectors for High Spatial Resolution Phase-contrast X-ray Imaging.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Scott C. Hybrid Semiconductor Detectors for High Spatial Resolution Phase-contrast X-ray Imaging. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14475.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Scott C. Hybrid Semiconductor Detectors for High Spatial Resolution Phase-contrast X-ray Imaging. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14475
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
18.
Amy, Matthew.
Formal Methods in Quantum Circuit Design.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14480
► The design and compilation of correct, efficient quantum circuits is integral to the future operation of quantum computers. This thesis makes contributions to the problems…
(more)
▼ The design and compilation of correct, efficient quantum circuits is integral to the future operation of quantum computers. This thesis makes contributions to the problems of optimizing and verifying quantum circuits, with an emphasis on the development of formal models for such purposes. We also present software implementations of these methods, which together form a full stack of tools for the design of optimized, formally verified quantum oracles.
On the optimization side, we study methods for the optimization of Rz and CNOT gates in Clifford+Rz circuits. We develop a general, efficient optimization algorithm called phase folding, which reduces the number of Rz gates without increasing any metrics by computing its phase polynomial. This algorithm can further be combined with synthesis techniques for CNOT-dihedral operators to optimize circuits with respect to particular costs. We then study the optimal synthesis problem for CNOT-dihedral operators from the perspectives of Rz and CNOT gate optimization. In the case of Rz gate optimization, we show that the optimal synthesis problem is polynomial-time equivalent to minimum-distance decoding in certain Reed-Muller codes. For the CNOT optimization problem, we show that the optimal synthesis problem is at least as hard as a combinatorial problem related to Gray codes. In both cases, we develop heuristics for the optimal synthesis problem, which together with phase folding reduces T counts by 42% and CNOT counts by 22% across a suite of real-world benchmarks.
From the perspective of formal verification, we make two contributions. The first is the development of a formal model of quantum circuits with ancillary bits based on the Feynman path integral, along with a concrete verification algorithm. The path integral model, with some syntactic sugar, further doubles as a natural specification language for quantum computations. Our experiments show some practical circuits with up to hundreds of qubits can be efficiently verified. Our second contribution is a formally verified, optimizing compiler for reversible circuits. The compiler compiles a classical, irreversible language to reversible circuits, with a formal, machine-checked proof of correctness written in the proof assistant F*. The compiler is structured as a partial evaluator, allowing verification to be carried out significantly faster than previous results.
Subjects/Keywords: Quantum computing; Quantum circuits; Compiler optimization; Formal verification
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Amy, M. (2019). Formal Methods in Quantum Circuit Design. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14480
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Amy, Matthew. “Formal Methods in Quantum Circuit Design.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14480.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Amy, Matthew. “Formal Methods in Quantum Circuit Design.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Amy M. Formal Methods in Quantum Circuit Design. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14480.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Amy M. Formal Methods in Quantum Circuit Design. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14480
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
19.
Buffone, Sonya.
Constructing Crime: Understanding the Roles, Functions and Claims-Making Activities of Media Relations Officers in Ontario.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14479
► Despite a growing body of prior research, little attention has been paid to media relations officers (MROs) and how media releases are constructed for the…
(more)
▼ Despite a growing body of prior research, little attention has been paid to media relations officers (MROs) and how media releases are constructed for the public. This research begins to address this gap by examining the roles and claims-making capacity and activities of police MROs throughout the province of Ontario. Using a sequential qualitative-dominant mixed methods research design, survey data from 19 police services informed the semi-structured interviews conducted with MROs, corporate communication specialists, and civilians (N=26). The findings suggest risk management has a significant influence on how MROs report on crime, inform the public of risk, but also, to educate the public in their role as risk managers. Specifically, crime is constructed so that the likelihood that “something will happen” is emphasized and the public is strongly encouraged to adopt measures to manage their own safety (responsiblization strategies). Thus, I argue that claims-making activities are used by police as a tool of legitimation that is shaped by two dominant discursive frames: (1) As primary definers, constructing crime in terms of risk and promoting citizen risk management; and (2) Projecting positive images of the police to the public. Thus, as legitimation agents, MROs play a key role in justifying and attaining support for the organizational ideals and goals police services value.
Subjects/Keywords: media relations officers; police; media relations; public relations; constructionism; risk theory; claims-making
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Buffone, S. (2019). Constructing Crime: Understanding the Roles, Functions and Claims-Making Activities of Media Relations Officers in Ontario. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14479
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Buffone, Sonya. “Constructing Crime: Understanding the Roles, Functions and Claims-Making Activities of Media Relations Officers in Ontario.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14479.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Buffone, Sonya. “Constructing Crime: Understanding the Roles, Functions and Claims-Making Activities of Media Relations Officers in Ontario.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Buffone S. Constructing Crime: Understanding the Roles, Functions and Claims-Making Activities of Media Relations Officers in Ontario. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14479.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Buffone S. Constructing Crime: Understanding the Roles, Functions and Claims-Making Activities of Media Relations Officers in Ontario. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14479
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
20.
Parchei Esfahani, Matin.
Advances in Hydraulic Fracture Simulation - Dynamic and Quasi-static Analysis.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14482
► Hydraulic fracturing (HF) is an effective technique for permeability enhancement of conventional and unconventional reservoirs. HF is performed by injecting a fluid (usually water-based), sand,…
(more)
▼ Hydraulic fracturing (HF) is an effective technique for permeability enhancement of conventional and unconventional reservoirs. HF is performed by injecting a fluid (usually water-based), sand, and chemicals into a formation under high pressure in order to induce damage and improve the interconnectivity of the fracture network through reopening of natural fractures and generation of new fractures. Hydraulic fracturing is a complex multi-physics process that involves the coupling of several physical phenomena, such as rock deformation, fluid flow, fracture propagation, etc.
The simulation of HF is complex due to its coupled multi-physics nature. Despite recent advancements in HF simulations, relatively little attention has been given to improving the coupling algorithms used in these simulations. In many cases, sequential coupling algorithms are preferred over the monolithic approach due to the availability of independent solvers for each subproblem (e.g., independent deformable solid and fluid flow models), and the costliness of the monolithic approach. However, the available sequential algorithms widely used in the simulation of hydraulic fractures are known to lack robustness and encounter stability and/or convergence issues. The unavailability of efficient and effective sequential algorithms for the simulation of hydraulic fractures is currently one of the major gaps in the literature.
The majority of hydraulic fracture models use quasi-static analysis, which neglects the inertial effects that are important when injection rates are very high or vary quickly in time, as during stimulation by pressure pulsing. The application of the dynamic models currently available in the literature is mainly limited to the dynamic simulations of acoustic wave emissions in porous media. Very few studies, until now, have considered dynamic simulation of fluid driven fractures. Hence, the unavailability of reliable dynamic hydraulic fracture models is another major gap in the hydraulic fracture literature.
This thesis has three objectives. The first objective is to develop a stable sequential coupling algorithm for enforcing the hydro-mechanical coupling in the simulation of hydraulic fractures. The focus of the first objective is on the sequential algorithms that solve the mechanics subproblem first, in each iteration. This objective is realized in Chapter 2 of the thesis. The split is derived using the analogy of the undrained split in poromechanics; hence the new algorithm is named the \emph{undrained HF split}. The undrained HF split converges to the solution of the fully coupled (monolithic) approach. It's also shown to be stable and convergent in applications in which the conventional coupling strategies fail to converge due to oscillations. The convergence of the undrained HF split is generally slower than the fully coupled model.
The second objective of the thesis is to develop a stable sequential coupling algorithm that solves the fluid flow subproblem first, in each iteration. This objective is addressed in…
Subjects/Keywords: hydraulic fracturing; coupling; sequential; dynamic; extended finite element method
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APA (6th Edition):
Parchei Esfahani, M. (2019). Advances in Hydraulic Fracture Simulation - Dynamic and Quasi-static Analysis. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14482
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Parchei Esfahani, Matin. “Advances in Hydraulic Fracture Simulation - Dynamic and Quasi-static Analysis.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14482.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Parchei Esfahani, Matin. “Advances in Hydraulic Fracture Simulation - Dynamic and Quasi-static Analysis.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Parchei Esfahani M. Advances in Hydraulic Fracture Simulation - Dynamic and Quasi-static Analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14482.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Parchei Esfahani M. Advances in Hydraulic Fracture Simulation - Dynamic and Quasi-static Analysis. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14482
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
21.
Kong, Qing.
Modelling of Distributed Energy Components and Optimization of Energy Vector Dispatch within Smart Energy Systems.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14491
► The smart energy system concept provides an integrated framework for the adoption of renewable energy resources and novel energy technologies, such as distributed battery energy…
(more)
▼ The smart energy system concept provides an integrated framework for the adoption of renewable energy resources and novel energy technologies, such as distributed battery energy storage systems and electric vehicles. In this effort, large-scale transition towards smart energy systems can significantly reduce the environmental emissions of energy production, while leveraging the compatible operation of numerous distributed grid components to improve upon the energy utility, reliability, and flexibility of existing power grids. Most importantly, transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy resources provides environmental benefits within both the building and transportation sectors, which must adapt to address both increasing pressure from international climate change-related policy-making, as well as to meet the increasing power demands of future generations.
In the case of building operation, the transition towards future energy systems consequently result in the adoption of decentralized energy networks as well as various distributed energy generation, conversion, and storage technologies. As such, there is significant potential for existing systems to adopt more economic and efficient operating strategies, which may manifest in novel operational modes such as demand-response programs, islanded operation, and optimized energy vector dispatch within local systems. Furthermore, new planning and design considerations can provide economic, environmental, and energy efficiency benefits. While these potential benefits have been justified in existing literature, there is still a strong research need to quantify the impacts of optimal building operation within these criteria, under a smart energy system context.
Meanwhile, the transportation sector may benefit from the smart energy network concept by leveraging electric mobility technologies and by transitioning vehicle charging demand onto the grid’s electricity network. In this transition, the emissions associated with fossil fuel consumption are displaced by grid-generated electricity, much of which may be derived from zero-emission resources in systems containing high renewable generation capacities. While small electric vehicle fleets have currently been successfully integrated into the grid, higher market penetration rates of electric vehicles demand significantly more charging infrastructure. In consideration of the consequences of various electric vehicle charging modes resulting from large-scale mobility electrification, there is a gap in the literature for the planning and design of charging infrastructure for facilitating interactions between electric vehicle fleets and future smart energy network systems.
Within the work presented in this thesis, quantitative analysis has been presented for the potential for optimal building operation between complementary commercial and residential building types. From this, the economic and environmental benefits of applying the principles of smart energy systems within mixed residential and commercial hubs have been…
Subjects/Keywords: smart energy network; energy hub; electric vehicles; vehicle-to-grid; building energy modelling
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kong, Q. (2019). Modelling of Distributed Energy Components and Optimization of Energy Vector Dispatch within Smart Energy Systems. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14491
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kong, Qing. “Modelling of Distributed Energy Components and Optimization of Energy Vector Dispatch within Smart Energy Systems.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14491.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kong, Qing. “Modelling of Distributed Energy Components and Optimization of Energy Vector Dispatch within Smart Energy Systems.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Kong Q. Modelling of Distributed Energy Components and Optimization of Energy Vector Dispatch within Smart Energy Systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14491.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kong Q. Modelling of Distributed Energy Components and Optimization of Energy Vector Dispatch within Smart Energy Systems. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14491
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
22.
Priebe, Elizabeth.
Investigating new approaches for mapping groundwater systems in karstic carbonate bedrock: A case study in the Early Silurian formations of the Niagara Escarpment cuesta, southern Ontario, Canada.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14500
► The Ontario Geological Survey conducts geoscience mapping that is designed to support groundwater resource investigations across the province. Recent geological mapping in the Early Silurian…
(more)
▼ The Ontario Geological Survey conducts geoscience mapping that is designed to support groundwater resource investigations across the province. Recent geological mapping in the Early Silurian carbonate bedrock in southern Ontario has revealed significant geological complexity. Such complexity and the resultant heterogeneity prompted the Ontario Geological Survey to fund this research, which comprises the development of new approaches for improving groundwater characterization in these settings. This research is motivated by the desire to more successfully identify groundwater resource exploration targets and to more effectively map large, regional groundwater flow systems in karstic carbonate bedrock. This thesis is organized in two research themes. The first theme focusses on understanding the spatial relationships between hydraulic conductivity and geology, while the second theme comprises an investigation into geochemical tools and modeling for regional-scale flow systems characterization.
The first challenge that presented itself upon initiation of this research was the poor spatial coverage of hydraulic conductivity values (K) relative to the geological heterogeneity of the karstic, carbonate bedrock. Spatial coverage of K values for large-scale groundwater investigations is often poor because of the high costs associated with hydraulic testing and the large areas under investigation. Domestic water wells are ubiquitous and their well logs represent an untapped resource of information that includes mandatory specific capacity tests, from which K can be estimated. These specific capacity tests are routinely conducted at such low pumping rates that well losses are normally insignificant. In this study, a simple and practical approach to augmenting high-quality K values with reconnaissance-level K values from water well specific capacity tests was assessed. This assessment was conducted by making comparisons at two different scales: study area-wide (600 km2) and in a single geological formation within a portion of the study area (200 km2). Results of the comparisons demonstrate that reconnaissance-level K estimates from specific capacity tests approximate the ranges and distributions of the high-quality K values. Sufficient detail about the physical basis and assumptions that are invoked in the development of the approach are presented so that it can be applied with confidence by practitioners seeking to enhance their spatial coverage of K values.
The large set of varied-quality, yet vetted, K values were then integrated with the geologic characterization of the carbonate bedrock to assess the relative influence of specific geologic features on hydraulic conductivity. Three geologic controls were investigated: i) proximity to bedrock valleys, ii) carbonate rock texture and iii) sequence stratigraphic breaks. Results demonstrate that high K values do not correlate with a single geological feature, but that they are associated with various features that have been enhanced by carbonate dissolution.…
Subjects/Keywords: karst; carbonate bedrock; regional hydrogeology; isotope geochemistry; groundwater
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Priebe, E. (2019). Investigating new approaches for mapping groundwater systems in karstic carbonate bedrock: A case study in the Early Silurian formations of the Niagara Escarpment cuesta, southern Ontario, Canada. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14500
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Priebe, Elizabeth. “Investigating new approaches for mapping groundwater systems in karstic carbonate bedrock: A case study in the Early Silurian formations of the Niagara Escarpment cuesta, southern Ontario, Canada.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14500.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Priebe, Elizabeth. “Investigating new approaches for mapping groundwater systems in karstic carbonate bedrock: A case study in the Early Silurian formations of the Niagara Escarpment cuesta, southern Ontario, Canada.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Priebe E. Investigating new approaches for mapping groundwater systems in karstic carbonate bedrock: A case study in the Early Silurian formations of the Niagara Escarpment cuesta, southern Ontario, Canada. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14500.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Priebe E. Investigating new approaches for mapping groundwater systems in karstic carbonate bedrock: A case study in the Early Silurian formations of the Niagara Escarpment cuesta, southern Ontario, Canada. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14500
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
23.
Herdem, Munur Sacit.
Multiphysics Modeling of a Microchannel Methanol Steam Reformer for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Systems.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14494
► One of the main challenges facing power generation by fuel cells is the difficulties of hydrogen fuel storage. Several methods have been suggested and studied…
(more)
▼ One of the main challenges facing power generation by fuel cells is the difficulties of hydrogen fuel storage. Several methods have been suggested and studied by researchers to overcome this problem. Among these methods, using a fuel reformer as one of the components of the fuel cell system is considered a practical and promising alternative to hydrogen storage. Among many hydrogen carrier fuels that can be used in reformers, methanol is one of the most attractive due to its distinctive properties. Methanol reformate gas is ideal for feeding high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs). Therefore, methanol reformate gas fueled HT-PEMFC systems are currently available in the market for portable, stationary and marine applications.
Although there are various reformer types to convert methanol to hydrogen rich syn-gas, microchannel plate heat exchanger reformers have some advantages that increase the system efficiency and decrease the system size. In particular, the microchannel plate heat exchanger methanol reformer can be a promising candidate to meet size demands and improve the system efficiency and start-up time to produce power in the range of 100 to 500 W for auxiliary unit power (APU) applications. Furthermore, recent improvements in new catalyst types for methanol reforming can enable the next generation of microchannel methanol reformers with less weight and higher efficiency to be designed.
Modeling of the microchannel reformers can be helpful to design next generation reformers. In this thesis, firstly, a methanol reformer system to produce power using HT-PEMFC for portable power generation applications is studied. This study is required for selecting inlet parameters for the multiphysics modeling of the microchannel methanol steam reformer in the second and the third studies. In this study, a detailed parametric study using computer simulations is conducted to estimate the effects of steam-to-carbon (SC) ratio, reformer temperature, current density of the fuel cell, fuel cell temperature, cathode stoichiometric ratio, hydrogen utilization, and rate of power production on the reformate gas composition, fuel cell performance, input fuel flow rate, and heat duties of the system components. In particular, the effects of the reformate gas composition at various fuel cell temperatures on HT-PEMFC performance were examined. The results confirm that the CO molar ratio in the reformate gas increases by decreasing the SC ratio and increasing the reformer temperature. However, the adverse effect of CO molar ratio on fuel cell performance decreases at elevated fuel cell temperatures. The fuel cell voltage decreases by ͠ 78% with the variation of the current density from 0.1 A/cm₂ to 1 A/cm₂ for 160°C fuel cell temperature and 0.9% CO molar ratio in the reformate gas, while it decreases by ͠ 61% for 180°C fuel cell temperature. In addition, an increase in the fuel cell temperature from 160°C to 180°C, the input fuel flow rate to produce a given power generation from the system…
Subjects/Keywords: HT-PEMFC; Hydrogen; Hydrogen carrier fuels; Fuel cell systems; Methanol steam reformer; Microchannel
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APA (6th Edition):
Herdem, M. S. (2019). Multiphysics Modeling of a Microchannel Methanol Steam Reformer for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Systems. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14494
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Herdem, Munur Sacit. “Multiphysics Modeling of a Microchannel Methanol Steam Reformer for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Systems.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14494.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Herdem, Munur Sacit. “Multiphysics Modeling of a Microchannel Methanol Steam Reformer for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Systems.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Herdem MS. Multiphysics Modeling of a Microchannel Methanol Steam Reformer for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14494.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Herdem MS. Multiphysics Modeling of a Microchannel Methanol Steam Reformer for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Systems. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14494
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
24.
Barker, Matthew.
Incremental Urban Intensification: Managing the Re-Urbanization of Toronto's Avenues.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14495
► This thesis proposes facilitating the re-urbanization of Toronto’s avenues to support the future growth of Toronto. The current guidelines for avenues buildings set out in…
(more)
▼ This thesis proposes facilitating the re-urbanization of Toronto’s avenues to support the future growth of Toronto. The current guidelines for avenues buildings set out in the Avenues and Mid-Rise Buildings Study is not flexible enough to support the current amount of density that is required to facilitate the re-urbanization of the avenues. The current typology is producing uncomfortable buildings, and there is minimal capacity to accept future demands on density. This thesis proposes managing the re-urbanization of St. Clair Ave. W through the addition of carefully assembled residential properties, located to the rear of avenue properties, to an avenue property assembly. This combined larger assembly will offer the capacity to redevelop larger buildings at greater densities, without significantly impacting the existing residential properties because the larger assembly also allows for greater flexibility in the distribution of building mass. The thesis proposes the development of two buildings, one on the avenue and the other to the rear on the side street. The larger avenue building can accept greater density and rear building will be low mid-rise building that will be the types of building envisioned by the city and form a buffer zone to the residential neighbourhood. This thesis is focused on facilitating incremental re-urbanization and is not concerned with large scale master planned multi-building redevelopments. The thesis is concerned with the mechanisms that drive urban form and not the final design of the building. The thesis presents building design guidelines to guide the urban form of these two buildings and presents what this might look like through diagrammatic representations of buildings on case study sites and using street perspectives. St. Clair Ave. W is only one of many avenues in Toronto planned for re-urbanization, and while each avenue is similar, they are all different. This flexible approach to accommodating redevelopment could be used to inform the guidelines for new development along many different avenues.
Subjects/Keywords: Toronto; re-urbanization; redevelopment; building guidelines; typology; avenue; assembly; property structure; density; intensification; St. Clair Ave. W
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APA (6th Edition):
Barker, M. (2019). Incremental Urban Intensification: Managing the Re-Urbanization of Toronto's Avenues. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14495
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Barker, Matthew. “Incremental Urban Intensification: Managing the Re-Urbanization of Toronto's Avenues.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14495.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Barker, Matthew. “Incremental Urban Intensification: Managing the Re-Urbanization of Toronto's Avenues.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Barker M. Incremental Urban Intensification: Managing the Re-Urbanization of Toronto's Avenues. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14495.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Barker M. Incremental Urban Intensification: Managing the Re-Urbanization of Toronto's Avenues. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14495
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
25.
Jundi, Ayman.
Push-Pull Based High Efficiency and High Power Broadband Power Amplifiers for Wireless Base Stations.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14490
► The monthly data throughput by 2021 is forecasted to be ten times that of December 2015. As a result of the on going dramatic increase…
(more)
▼ The monthly data throughput by 2021 is forecasted to be ten times that of December 2015. As a result of the on going dramatic increase in demand, service providers are assigned new frequency bands to accommodate more channels to carry more data. However, the usable part of the spectrum is a limited resource so modern communication signals were designed to be more spectrally efficient to send more bits over the same channel bandwidth. However, these spectrally efficient signals have high PAPR. The immediate reaction to these changes was to add additional RF front-end branches to accommodate the new frequency bands. Initially, the PAs used at the time were not optimized for back-off efficiency and where operating at low efficiency which caused significant increase in heat generation for the same average power produced which in turn increased cooling costs and reduced the life time of the PA. After the introduction of back-off efficiency enhancement techniques the PAs became more efficient however they were limited in bandwidth which is typically 10-15%. This work focuses on reducing the redundancy of power amplifiers in communication base stations while maintaining high back-off efficiency.
After exploring the literature to understand the limitations of current implementations, it was found that the push-pull topology is often used at low frequency in broadband high power PAs. In the absence of a complimentary transistor pairs the push-pull implantation requires the use of balanced to unbalanced (balun) transformers. Various balun implantations were hence investigated to identify the most suitable option for broadband planar implementation. As a result, a methodology was proposed to co-design the balun and the matching network in order to have better control over the harmonic impedance. An 85 W push-pull PA was then designed based on the proposed methodology with a multi-octave bandwidth as a demonstration of the broadband potential of push-pull PAs at RF frequencies.
Next, the two most popular techniques for back-off efficiency enhancement, i.e., ET and load modulation, were studied and the principle of load modulation was found to be more suitable for broadband signal transmission. The Doherty architecture is the most common implementation of load modulation and it comes in two basic variations, the PCL and SCL DPAs. The original architecture concepts are not only band limited but also ill-suited for high frequency designs where the transistors' parasitics introduce significant effect. However, later literature expanded on the original concept of the PCL variation which provided the needed flexibility for wider bandwidth implementations at a higher frequency. Using the broadband implementation and the co-design methodology two push-pull amplifiers were used in a PCL DPA topology and demonstrated that the push-pull utilization doesn't have a significant impact on the bandwidth of the output combiner as an octave bandwidth was achieved with the use of digital Doherty.
Lastly, the thesis proposes a new…
Subjects/Keywords: power amplifiers; push-pull; high power; base stations; Doherty power amplifiers; planar baluns; broadband power amplifier
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Jundi, A. (2019). Push-Pull Based High Efficiency and High Power Broadband Power Amplifiers for Wireless Base Stations. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14490
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jundi, Ayman. “Push-Pull Based High Efficiency and High Power Broadband Power Amplifiers for Wireless Base Stations.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14490.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jundi, Ayman. “Push-Pull Based High Efficiency and High Power Broadband Power Amplifiers for Wireless Base Stations.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Jundi A. Push-Pull Based High Efficiency and High Power Broadband Power Amplifiers for Wireless Base Stations. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14490.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Jundi A. Push-Pull Based High Efficiency and High Power Broadband Power Amplifiers for Wireless Base Stations. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14490
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
26.
Liu, Hongli.
Improved Data Uncertainty Handling in Hydrologic Modeling and Forecasting Applications.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14498
► In hydrologic modeling and forecasting applications, many steps are needed. The steps that are relevant to this thesis include watershed discretization, model calibration, and data…
(more)
▼ In hydrologic modeling and forecasting applications, many steps are needed. The steps that are relevant to this thesis include watershed discretization, model calibration, and data assimilation. Watershed discretization separates a watershed into homogeneous computational units for depiction in a distributed hydrologic model. Objective identification of an appropriate discretization scheme remains challenging in part because of the lack of quantitative measures for assessing discretization quality, particularly prior to simulation. To solve this problem, this thesis contributes to develop an a priori discretization error metrics that can quantify the information loss induced by watershed discretization without running a hydrologic model. Informed by the error metrics, a two-step discretization decision-making approach is proposed with the advantages of reducing extreme errors and meeting user-specified discretization error targets.
In hydrologic model calibration, several uncertainty-based calibration frameworks have been developed to explicitly consider different hydrologic modeling errors, such as parameter errors, forcing and response data errors, and model structure errors. This thesis focuses on climate and flow data errors. The common way of handling climate and flow data uncertainty in the existing calibration studies is perturbing observations with assumed statistical error models (e.g., addictive or multiplicative Gaussian error model) and incorporating them into parameter estimation by integration or repetition with multiple climate and (or) flow realizations. Given the existence of advanced climate and flow data uncertainty estimation methods, this thesis proposes replacing assumed statistical error models with physically-based (and more realistic and convenient) climate and flow ensembles. Accordingly, this thesis contributes developing a climate-flow ensemble based hydrologic model calibration framework. The framework is developed through two stages. The first stage only considers climate data uncertainty, leading to the climate ensemble based hydrologic calibration framework. The framework is parsimonious and can utilize any sources of historical climate ensembles. This thesis demonstrates the method of using the Gridded Ensemble Precipitation and Temperature Estimates dataset (Newman et al., 2015), referred to as N15 here, to derive precipitation and temperature ensembles. Assessment of this framework is conducted using 30 synthetic experiments and 20 real case studies. Results show that the framework generates more robust parameter estimates, reduces the inaccuracy of flow predictions caused by poor quality climate data, and improves the reliability of flow predictions.
The second stage adds flow ensemble to the previously developed framework to explicitly consider flow data uncertainty and thus completes the climate-flow ensemble based calibration framework. The complete framework can work with likelihood-free calibration methods. This thesis demonstrates the method of using the…
Subjects/Keywords: Hydrologic modeling; Model calibration; Data assimilation; Streamflow ensemble forecasting; Spatial discretization; Ensemble climate; Ensemble flow; Ensemble Kalman filter; Parameter uncertainty; Data uncertainty; Prediction uncertainty
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Liu, H. (2019). Improved Data Uncertainty Handling in Hydrologic Modeling and Forecasting Applications. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14498
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Liu, Hongli. “Improved Data Uncertainty Handling in Hydrologic Modeling and Forecasting Applications.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14498.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Liu, Hongli. “Improved Data Uncertainty Handling in Hydrologic Modeling and Forecasting Applications.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Liu H. Improved Data Uncertainty Handling in Hydrologic Modeling and Forecasting Applications. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14498.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Liu H. Improved Data Uncertainty Handling in Hydrologic Modeling and Forecasting Applications. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14498
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
27.
Malek, Kourosh.
Typology of Business Models for Emerging Grid-scale Energy Storage Technologies.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14503
► The main goals of this thesis are to develop, validate, and analyze emerging business models to ensure near-term market success of the grid-scale Energy Storage…
(more)
▼ The main goals of this thesis are to develop, validate, and analyze emerging business models to ensure near-term market success of the grid-scale Energy Storage (ES) technologies. The main research contributions are a typology (i.e. classification according to general type) of emerging business models for investment and operational viability of grid–scale storage, validation of business models for valuation analysis of diverse grid-scale storage, and a unique technology management framework for value analysis of emerging technologies.
It is widely accepted that the intermittency of primary renewable energy sources is a limiting factor for inclusion of these technologies in autonomous power applications. ES technologies can be seen as valuable flexibility assets with their capabilities to control grid power intermittency or power quality services in generation, transmission, and distribution, as well as in end-user consumption side. When combined with sophisticated and reliable business models, grid-scale storage technologies can contribute significantly to enhance asset utilization rate and reliability of the power systems. The latter is particularly critical for deployment of regional and national energy policies of implementing renewable sources. Despite the fact that energy storage systems increase operational cost of the distributed electricity system, energy storage technologies can play a vital role in reducing overall upgrade cost of the electricity grids when renewable sources need to be integrated locally.
The main challenge of adopting ES technologies among utilities is how to match the right energy storage technology to appropriate business-operation models for a site-specific grid configuration. Current know-how and assessment tools provide substantial information around technical specifications and requirements for adopting ES technologies for various grid configurations. However, only few of the existing approaches use market driven information. The majority of the tools also suffer from a lack of detailed information relevant for business managers for decision making purposes. Currently, none of the existing tools and investment methodologies evaluate the benefits of electricity storage from the perspective of a detailed techno-economic and business-operation models. The choice of appropriate business model, complexity of regulatory and policy environment, ownership and governance structure of storage asset, financing strategies, managing revenue streams, and associated operational risks are critical for providing an accurate assessment of the viability of the emerging ES technologies.
In order to fully assess the value proposition of ES technologies, formulate their risks and opportunities profile, and develop implementation plans, a comprehensive analysis framework is needed to support integration of technical, economic and business operation perspectives. This research aims to develop a typology of different business models in the context of grid-scale ES technologies. A bottom-up approach is…
Subjects/Keywords: Renewable Energy; Energy Storage; Technology Management; Business Model; Valuation; Grid Storage; Smart power grids; Energy storage; Technology – Management
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Malek, K. (2019). Typology of Business Models for Emerging Grid-scale Energy Storage Technologies. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14503
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Malek, Kourosh. “Typology of Business Models for Emerging Grid-scale Energy Storage Technologies.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14503.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Malek, Kourosh. “Typology of Business Models for Emerging Grid-scale Energy Storage Technologies.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Malek K. Typology of Business Models for Emerging Grid-scale Energy Storage Technologies. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14503.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Malek K. Typology of Business Models for Emerging Grid-scale Energy Storage Technologies. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14503
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
28.
Park, YeounJun.
Does Knowledge Entail Belief?.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14508
► In contemporary epistemology, it is a widely shared assumption that knowledge entails belief: as a matter of conceptual necessity, if one knows that P, then…
(more)
▼ In contemporary epistemology, it is a widely shared assumption that knowledge entails belief: as a matter of conceptual necessity, if one knows that P, then one believes that P. This is known as the epistemic entailment thesis. In this thesis, I evaluate the epistemic entailment thesis by drawing on evidence from a variety of disciplines, including primatology, biology, psychology, and philosophy. I also report the results from a new behavioural experiment on Korean speakers. The results provide the first evidence that knowledge does not entail belief in Korean. In light of all the evidence reviewed here, I conclude that the epistemic entailment thesis is false.
Subjects/Keywords: epistemology; experimental philosophy; theory of mind
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Park, Y. (2019). Does Knowledge Entail Belief?. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14508
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Park, YeounJun. “Does Knowledge Entail Belief?.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14508.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Park, YeounJun. “Does Knowledge Entail Belief?.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Park Y. Does Knowledge Entail Belief?. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14508.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Park Y. Does Knowledge Entail Belief?. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14508
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
29.
Yurtalan, Muhammet Ali.
Multi-level Control in Large-anharmonicity High-coherence Capacitively Shunted Flux Quantum Circuits.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14512
► Superconducting devices as quantum bits (qubits) are one of the most promising candidates for implementing a practical quantum computer. Over the last decade, quantum coherence…
(more)
▼ Superconducting devices as quantum bits (qubits) are one of the most promising candidates for implementing a practical quantum computer. Over the last decade, quantum coherence times of superconducting qubits have been continuously improved. Operating qubits in noise insensitive points, eliminating the participation of the lossy materials, and better isolation from environment increased the decoherence times from nanoseconds to tens of microseconds. One recent approach on the qubit design is to shunt the Josephson junctions with large capacitors to reduce the sensitivity to noise and to redistribute the stored electromagnetic energy in a well-engineered area. This approach was first applied on charge qubits and later adopted to other types of superconducting qubits.
In this thesis, we present the design and the characterization of a three-Josephson junction superconducting circuit with three large shunt capacitors. We present experiments on decoherence in the circuit used as a qubit. The qubit relaxation time T₁ is reaching as high as 47 μs and the spin-echo dephasing time T₂ = 9.4 μs. In addition, we present spectroscopy experiments and decoherence characterization in the qutrit subspace formed by the lowest three energy levels. The spectroscopy data is in excellent agreement with the complete circuit model based on the system capacitance matrix. At the flux symmetry point, the circuit has a large anharmonicity, defined as the difference between the 1-2 and 0-1 transition frequencies, approaching 2π × 3.7 GHz, which is enabling fast single qubit operations. We performed randomized benchmarking with the qubit gates with a duration of 1.62 ns and an average gate fidelity of 99.9%.
Moreover, we present experiments with multi-level control in qutrit subspace, formed by the lowest three energy levels. We demonstrate a single step experimental implementation of a generalized Walsh-Hadamard gate. We use a decomposition of the quantum gate into two unitary operations, one implemented by an off-diagonal Hamiltonian and the other implemented by a diagonal Hamiltonian. The off-diagonal Hamiltonian is obtained by the simultaneous driving of the transitions between levels 0-1, 1-2, and 0-2, with the latter being a two-photon process. The diagonal Hamiltonian is effectively implemented by appropriately shifting the phases of adjacent pulses. The gate is characterized using tomography process and the average fidelity exceeds 90%, in good agreement with numerical simulations that take into account the multi-level structure of the system.
Subjects/Keywords: superconducting circuits; flux qubit
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Yurtalan, M. A. (2019). Multi-level Control in Large-anharmonicity High-coherence Capacitively Shunted Flux Quantum Circuits. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14512
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yurtalan, Muhammet Ali. “Multi-level Control in Large-anharmonicity High-coherence Capacitively Shunted Flux Quantum Circuits.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14512.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yurtalan, Muhammet Ali. “Multi-level Control in Large-anharmonicity High-coherence Capacitively Shunted Flux Quantum Circuits.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Yurtalan MA. Multi-level Control in Large-anharmonicity High-coherence Capacitively Shunted Flux Quantum Circuits. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14512.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Yurtalan MA. Multi-level Control in Large-anharmonicity High-coherence Capacitively Shunted Flux Quantum Circuits. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14512
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
30.
Saquib, Mostafa Nazmus.
A Long-acting Ocular Lubricant Eye Drop based on Dextran Hydrogel Nanoparticles.
Degree: 2019, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14505
► Dry eye disease is a highly prevalent condition that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. In moderate to severe cases, affected individuals experience considerable…
(more)
▼ Dry eye disease is a highly prevalent condition that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. In moderate to severe cases, affected individuals experience considerable difficulty in carrying out their day-to-day activities due to discomfort and pain, and may even develop symptoms of depression. Ocular lubricants (sometimes referred to as artificial tears) are the most widely-used method of dry eye management. Despite being available over-the-counter and in myriad varieties and brands, current formulations all suffer from either short duration of action or high inconvenience due to vision obstruction, unwanted residue, and/or invasiveness. There is therefore great need for long-lasting, inconspicuous, and convenient ocular lubricant formulations to address the shortcomings of current market offerings.
This thesis describes the development of a novel ocular lubricant technology based on mucoadhesive dextran hydrogel nanoparticles (DH-NPs) that shows considerable promise in addressing these needs. The nanoparticles feature a dextran hydrogel core and are capable of sustained release of ocular lubricant. The nanoparticles are also modified to impart mucoadhesion and are thereby expected to be retained on the ocular surface for approximately 24 hours. By continuously releasing lubricant during this time, DH-NPs are anticipated to provide long-lasting and more effective DED symptom relief than the ocular lubricants currently on the market.
In addition to the methods of DH-NP synthesis and characterization, various parameters capable of tuning key properties such as diameter, synthesis yield, PBA conjugation, and mucoadhesion strength are described herein. In vitro release experiments were also performed to characterize the kinetics of ocular lubricant release from DH-NPs. Various parameters that affect release rate and quantity were identified to enable tuning and optimization towards achieving the ideal clinical ocular lubricant dose. An acute in vivo biocompatibility study was also performed using a rabbit model, in which the novel formulation was well-tolerated. Overall, DH-NPs were found to be a highly promising technology for DED treatment, and further development towards clinical evaluation is recommended.
Subjects/Keywords: nanotechnology; artificial tears; ocular lubricants; dry eye disease; nanogel; controlled release; targeted delivery; Nanotechnology; Dry eye syndromes; Nanogels; Controlled release preparations
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APA (6th Edition):
Saquib, M. N. (2019). A Long-acting Ocular Lubricant Eye Drop based on Dextran Hydrogel Nanoparticles. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14505
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Saquib, Mostafa Nazmus. “A Long-acting Ocular Lubricant Eye Drop based on Dextran Hydrogel Nanoparticles.” 2019. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 17, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14505.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Saquib, Mostafa Nazmus. “A Long-acting Ocular Lubricant Eye Drop based on Dextran Hydrogel Nanoparticles.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Saquib MN. A Long-acting Ocular Lubricant Eye Drop based on Dextran Hydrogel Nanoparticles. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14505.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Saquib MN. A Long-acting Ocular Lubricant Eye Drop based on Dextran Hydrogel Nanoparticles. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14505
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
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